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Horizontal Initiatives

Health of the Oceans (HOTO)

Name of Lead Department(s): Fisheries and Oceans Canada

Lead Department Program Activity: Oceans Management

Start Date: April 1, 2007

End Date: March 31, 2012

Total Federal Funding Allocation (Start to End Date): $61.5 million

Description (including Funding Agreement): Building on the achievements of the Oceans Action Plan, the Health of the Oceans Initiative is a five-year, $61.5 million commitment by five departments — Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Transport Canada, Environment Canada, Parks Canada and Indian and Northern Affairs Canada — to improve the health of the ocean environment. For its part, DFO will receive $23.2 million to support its protection and conservation work. Key DFO initiatives include establishing six new Marine Protected Areas (MPA) under the Oceans Act, advancing a national MPA network, conducting scientific research to support designation of the new MPAs, creating four new national Oceans Centres of Expertise, and enhancing spill-response capacity and emergency planning in the Arctic Ocean. For a complete list, see the table below.

DFO will co-ordinate the entire Health of the Oceans initiative. This will include bi-annual performance monitoring, the preparation of summary annual reports and preparation for a final summative evaluation.

Shared Outcome(s):

  • Four new Oceans Centres of Expertise
  • Federal Marine Protected Area Strategy: finalization of planning guidelines for federal MPA network
  • Federal Marine Protected Area Strategy: preparation of a status report of federal MPA
  • Federal-Provincial-Territorial Marine Protected Areas network (2012)
  • Marine Protected Areas establishment
  • Collaboration with the World Wildlife Fund-Canada
  • Delivery of a suite of indicators to assess and monitor Arctic ecosystems
  • Integrated Oceans Management and Canadian Environmental Assessment Act (CEAA) assessment tools linkage

Governance Structure(s): This initiative is subject to interdepartmental government through the Assistant Deputy Ministers Interdepartmental Committee on Oceans, supported by a shadow Director General Committee. This Governance structure reviews the initiatives on a regular basis including review and approval of annual reports to Ministers on the progress of this initiative.

($ thousands)
Federal Partners/Program Activity Names of Programs for Federal Partners Total Allocation (from Start to End Date) Planned Spending 2009-10 Actual Spending 2009-10 Expected Results
2009-10
Results Achieved
2009-10
Fisheries and Oceans
Oceans Management Federal Marine Protected Areas Strategy Implementation in DFO 1,250.0 250.0 218.11 Advance the creation by 2012 of a Federal Network of Marine Protected Areas that contributes to the health of Canada's oceans, established and managed within an integrated oceans management framework. F/P/T collaboration through workshops, meetings and conference calls, particularly in the development of a national Framework for Canada's MPA network.
Finalized an internal document entitled the "Federal Guide to Collaborative Planning of Marine Protected Areas” to foster collaboration amongst the three federal marine protected area agencies when identifying and selecting potential marine protected areas.
Development of a Federal-Provincial-Territorial MPA Network 2,500.0 725.0 701.32 Significant progress in planning and advancement of a National (federal-provincial-territorial) Marine Protected Area Network in Canada's three oceans. Development of a Policy Framework for Canada's national network of MPAs, including Questions & Answers.
Engagement Strategy was developed to ensure adequate and appropriate level of stakeholder involvement in the Framework's development.
The inventory of Federal-provincial-territorial (F/P/T) MPAs in Canada, in collaboration with F/P/T colleagues, has been completed. It has been summarized in an MPA "Spotlight" report to be release on World Oceans Day (8 June 2010).
Cooperated with DFO Science sector in planning a June 2009 National CSAS workshop on MPA network design.There will ultimately be 13 bioregional networks of MPAs in Canada's network of MPAs.
Arctic Council - Ecosystem Projects 1,000.0 275.0 146.23 A State of the Arctic Basin Report and use of common eco-system monitoring strategies in shared and boundary waters by 2012;
Canada's participation in expert workshops and major conferences on ecosystem approach for advancing EBM concepts and approaches, promoting Canada's leadership in EBM applied to the Arctic, and sharing information and practices with other circumpolar countries, including US;
Article on EBM in Canada's Arctic published in expert journals or workshop proceedings;
A suite of indicators for monitoring and assessing ecosystem status and trends, socio-economic aspects and governance structures in place in Arctic; and;
The Arctic Council's Report on Best Practices in Ecosystem-based Oceans management in the Arctic (key product of the 2009 Ministerial Meeting)
A working map of Arctic large marine ecosystems (LMEs) was developed and will serve as the basis for the development of summary documents outlining the state and condition of biodiversity within the LME.
Domestic discussions were undertaken to review the usefulness of the US Canada Pilot project in the Beaufort Sea which aims to test the LME indicators by applying them to monitor, assess and report on marine ecosystems for management purposes.
Oceans Centres of Expertise (Coastal, Corals, Data Integration, TEK) 3,000.0 700.0 751.94 Establishment of four centres of excellence. Development and implementation of common tools and approaches in the five LOMAs to protect deep sea corals and sponge reefs, incorporate traditional knowledge, develop information management and exchange standards and accelerate progress in addressing coastal management issues. Centres of Expertise established in 2008-09. In 2009-10, the COEs have broadened engagement with stakeholders: academics, NGOs, communities, provinces, private sector, etc., as applicable.
Consulted with stakeholders and other experts (including international experts) to inform development of tools and mechanisms, establishment of yearly deliverables and activities and next steps.
Published a Status Report on Coral and Sponge Conservation in Canada which provides a broad overview of the relevant policy, legislation, conservation, science and research.
Three regions (Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Pacific LOMAs) have drafted initial reports on the state of the oceans - these are to be published in the next fiscal year.
Collaboration with World Wildlife Fund (WWF) 213.0 42.6 42.6 Greater contribution by environmental non-governmental organizations to the Health of the Oceans WWF-Canada participates in meetings, workshops and committees by providing input and expertise on activities of the DFO Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) Region:
Development and identification of conservation priorities associated with the Placentia Bay/Grand Banks Large Oceans Management Area (PB/GB LOMA), including a risk assessment
Planning process of the PB/GB Integrated Management Plan
Marine Protected Areas planning and Area of Interest (AOI) selection process for the PB/GB LOMA
Cod recovery planning
Development and implementation of a Cold Water Coral Conservation Strategy
National Science Advisory Process concerning the occurrence, sensitivity, and ecological function of corals, sponges, and hydrothermal vents
Review existing NL region coral data; Identify research gaps and opportunities; and Identify long-term objectives
Gulf of Maine (at DFO) 750.0 147.5 132.65 This initiative builds on the existing successful trans-boundary collaboration and management of Groundfish stocks through the Canada-U.S. Steering Committee, and the excellent cooperation between states and provinces through the Gulf of Maine Council. Based on DFO's national standard, a literature review and project work plan for a joint CA-US Bay of Fundy/Gulf of Maine Ecosystem Overview and Assessment Report was developed as part of the 2005 Oceans Action Plan. A joint peer review process of the Ecosystem Overview has been established under the direction of the Canada US Transboundary Steering Committee
Plan to develop a State of the Environment Report (SOER). This report will build on the Ecosystem Overview Report and will identify key priorities for the Bay of Fundy/Gulf of Maine through a collaborative partnership with the Gulf of Maine Council. A Context Document for the report has been prepared and a format for the SOER has been approved. Initial theme papers topics have been identified and some have been completed in draft format.
Discussions are underway to explore linkages between regional coastal and oceans governace mechanisms in Canada and the US.
Marine Protected Areas Establishment 5,250.0 1,500.0 1,495.96 Six new MPAs will be designated by 2012 and a national monitoring and reporting system will be implemented for all Oceans Act MPAs. All regions have analysed their existing Ecological and Biological Significant Areas (EBSAs) to outline a list of candidate Areas of Interest (AOIs).
Regions conducted consultations seeking support for the designation of one AOI.
6 out of 7 regions have identified and initialled an AOI site for further analytical work, namely the AOI overview and assessment reports.
Habitat Management Integrated Management and Canadian Environmental Assessment Act Assessment Tools Linkages 1,450.0 425.0 313.67 Processes and tools developed to support integrated oceans management and promote Health of the Oceans bridged with Canadian Environmental Assessment Act project-specific environmental assessment and strategic environmental assessment to address ecosystem-level cumulative impacts. Analysis of CEAA in relationship to integrated management (IM) was conducted - this provided an understanding of CEAA and how it relates to oceans and coastal management.
Presentations to diverse groups were conducted to demonstrate benefits and opportunities for application of IM tools and processes.
Advancements made on the development of methodologies for the identification of social and cultural spatial values as a unified tool in support of improved environmental assessment and Integrated Oceans Management.
Development of guidance in the preparation of Pathways of Effects models to enhance understanding of specific and cumulative effects impacts of human use activities in coastal and marine ecosystems.
Science for Healthy and Productive Aquatic Ecosystems Ecosystem Science Support and Advice on Health of the Oceans 5,500.0 1,100.0 1,100.0 Science advice on Marine Protected Areas and on priority sector-specific impacts and mitigation. Science advice completed regarding the design parameters of the MPA network.
Sound scientific footing provided for a number of the HOTO initiatives: MPA designation (including Ecosystem Overview Reports, Eclolgically and biologically significant areas (EBSAs) and monitoring (including indicators and thresholds), MPA network design, state of the ocean reporting, etc.
Canadian Coast Guard Spill Capacity and Emergency Response Strategy 2,260.0 750.0 1,061.08 Canada's spill response capacity in the Arctic assessed, equipment procured and systems established to respond to the unique risks. The acquisition of containers, shore kits and beach flushing kits was completed.
Identification of sites in communities for equipment location and the site requirements has been completed.
CCG is planning for the distribution of the systems to the communities - to be completed in 2010-11.
Environment Canada
Biodiversity and Corporate services Federal Marine Protected Areas Strategy - Implementation in EC 1,250.0 250.0 161.69 Advance the creation by 2012 of a Federal Network of Marine Protected Areas that contributes to the health of Canada's oceans, established and managed within an integrated oceans management framework. Continued collaboration with Fisheries and Oceans Canada and Parks Canada:
Provided input into the final version of the "Federal Guide to Collaborative Planning of Marine Protected Areas”.
Participated in workshops to provide status updates and/or inform the planning and progress of the national marine protected area network planning (bioregional network planning).
Development of an inventory of existing FPT marine protected areas. The inventory was summarized and compiled into a document entitled "Spotlight on Marine Protected Areas in Canada".
Expanded on the Conservation Areas Reporting and Tracking System (CARTS) to create one central database for all marine protected areas in Canada - CARTS Marine.
Development of an associated interface for the planning, reviewing and reporting of marine protected areas in Canada
Coordinated and/or provided input into the planning of Oceans Day events, including a video project presenting the MPA concept, public events at the Canadian Museum of Nature and an evening reception on Parliament Hill.
Advanced an Education and Engagement Strategy and scoped target audiences.
Provided input into the development of outreach tools such as booklets, posters and web Portal.
Marine Wildlife Areas Establishment 2,000.0 507.0 471.710 Both the National Wildlife Area at Sable Island and Marine Wildlife Area at Scott Islands will be ready for designation by 2012, and a contribution will have been made to the Federal Marine Protected Area Network building process. Scott Island
Discussions on Terms of Reference for Steering Committee were undertaken with other federal departments, First Nations and the Province of BC.
Draft terms of reference for Advisory Committee have been developed.
An analysis and literature reviews of ecological and socio-economic information were undertaken.
Meetings were held with First Nations, ENGOs, local and regional government to provide information on the status of the designation and to solicit input on their level of engagement.
  • Sable Island

A federal-provincial task force was struck in January of 2010 to review the option of designating Sable Island as a National Wildlife Area versus a National Park. A recommendation to the Minister was made for designation as a National Park. Environment Canada's role will change to one of meditating the transfer of facilities and land administration from DFO to Parks Canada and assisting with the development of a management plan and associated consultations.
Several governance structures were created or rejuvenated to meet objectives: Federal-Provincial Steering Committee met in October to review Terms of Reference and progress on the activities; Federal Sable Island Working Group has been altered to be co-chaired by DFO and EC.
A number of real property issues relating to current infrastructure, licenses of occupation, squatters, and disposition of assets were identified. (Legal liabilities need to be resolved to transfer Sable Island from DFO to EC.)
EC continues to lead the Working Group of Real Property Experts. PCA representatives have been added.
Surveys of the Island have been completed and analysed; the information is being circulated.

Improved knowledge and information on weather and environmental conditions influence decision making and Corporate services Sable Island Weather Station 4,000.0 800.0 800.0 The risk of loss of life or property due to weather events is reduced for mariners, Canadian citizens and the international community, by producing more accurate weather forecasts and warnings using data from the Sable Island Weather Station.
The understanding of upper atmospheric conditions and the flow of airborne pollutants and greenhouse gases is improved, by enabling scientific research through the continued existence of the Sable Island weather Station infrastructure.
The unique and fragile ecosystem of Sable Island is conserved by protecting it from human degradation.
Maintenance and repairs of facilities and infrastructure have been carried out to ensure functionality of the weather station.
On-going support provided to operate upper air and surface weather programs as well as atmospheric and other scientific research programs.
Provided facility support including building space, transportation, electricity, water, communications and tools.
Provided municipal services including electricity/energy generation; water supply; sewage disposal; waste disposal; transport and storage; transportation of freight, supplies, equipment and personnel; communication and data services; and road maintenance.
Planning and education activities were carried out.
Emergency and safety services provided to local operators, visitors, as well as other federal departments and industry.
Canadians adopt approaches that ensure the sustainable use and management of natural capital and working landscapes and Corporate services Gulf of Maine (at EC) 751.0 148.0 148.0 Increased support for the Gulf of Maine Council and implementation of the joint Canada-US five-year action plan that includes implementation of regional strategies for adaptation to climate change, indicators development, education and engagement and joint monitoring for toxic contaminants in the trans-boundary ecosystem. Secretariat function was provided for the Gulf of Maine Council: conference calls; logistical and administrative support for meetings; annual work plans and budgets compiled; tracking of action items, assignments and deadlines
Sampling plan for select contaminants developed and distributed; coordination of sampling program and participants; sampling initiated; and contaminant sample processing and analysis organized
Coordination of committee and subcommittee conference calls for the Ecosystem Indicator Partnership; on-line 'journal entries' prepared and posted to provide information on indicator data collection and/or use in the Gulf of Maine; presentations to various stakeholders were conducted to solicit their engagement.
Revised Indicator Reporting Tool released
Background reports produced on possible effects of extreme precipitation and other climate change impacts on streamflow and water quality in the Gulf of Maine.
Parks Canada Agency
Heritage Places Establishment Federal Marine Protected Area Strategy Implementation in Parks Canada 1,250.0 361.0 230.111 Advance the creation by 2012 of a Federal Network of Marine Protected Areas that contributes to the health of Canada's oceans, established and managed within an integrated oceans management framework. Regional analysis and research studies have been completed to identify Parks Canada's representative marine areas in order to participate in the national network of MPAs.
Continued collaboration with Fisheries and Oceans Canada and Environment Canada:
Provided input into the final version of the "Federal Guide to Collaborative Planning of Marine Protected Areas”.
Participated in workshops to provide status updates and/or inform the planning and progress of a national marine protected area network planning (bioregional network planning).
Development of an inventory of existing federal, provincial, and territorial marine protected areas. The inventory was summarized and compiled into a document entitled "Spotlight on Marine Protected Areas in Canada".
Coordinated and/or provided input into the planning of Oceans Day events/activities.
Advanced an Education and Engagement Strategy and scoped target audiences.
Provided input into the development of outreach tools such as booklets, posters and web Portal.
Hosted a workshop to develop the Public Outreach Education Strategy for the national network of MPAs. This meeting resulted in an action plan with specific target audiences and activities to be developed over the next few years.
National Marine Conservation Area in Lancaster Sound 5,000.0 1,250.0 012 By 2012, achieve a full understanding of the feasibility of establishing a National Marine Conservation Area in Lancaster Sound with the support of Inuit, Nunavut and key sectoral stakeholders, leading to the conservation of a significant representative component of Canada's marine environment and a clear demonstration of Arctic sovereignty in the Northwest Passage. A Memorandum of Understanding between Government of Canada, Government of Nunavut and Qikiqtani Inuit respecting a study to examine the feasibility of establishing a national marine conservation area in Lancaster Sound was signed in December 2009. Work and trilateral meeting are continuing with respect to matters such as staffing, study area limits, and project completion
Transport Canada
Transportation Safety and Security and Internal Services Enforcement of Ballast Water Regulations 4,500.0 966.5 1,010.213 Enforcement of regulations that minimize the risk of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens from being introduced through ship ballast water to waters under Canadian jurisdiction. Provided equipment required to verify compliance with regulations, developed tools to assess risk of ballast water drawn from specific ports and developing treatment options for ballast water.
Updates to the ballast water enforcement program were done in 2009-10 and a national work group comprised of Regional inspectors was held in Ottawa and follow up trips to Quebec and Halifax.
New ballast water test equipment for inspectors was purchased.
Studies were completed to support the ongoing regulatory development work
Ratified the IMO Ballast Water Management Convention
Updated the national ballast water database with the backlog of reporting forms from vessels. This data is used by both inspectors for enforcment and scientists for their work in invaisive species.
All ballast water reports received from inbound vessels were screened by inspectors and action was taken as required to bring any vessels into compliance with the regulations.
Initial tank compliance of vessels coming from overseas continues to be very high, at 97% with corrective action taken for the remaining 3%
Pollution Prevention - Surveillance 13,000.0 3,181.6 3,181.6 Enforcement of Canada's pollution prevention regulations in the Pacific, Arctic, East Coast Waters, the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the St. Lawrence Estuary. Three NASP aircraft conducted surveillance in Atlantic, Quebec, Ontario and Pacific Region.
TC completed a total of 2274.1 productive patrol hours nationally for 2009/10.
The number of spills detected during 2009-10 was 109.
Pollution Prevention - Dash 7 Outfitting 5,000.0 100.0 167.314 Enforcement of Canada's pollution prevention regulations in the Pacific, Arctic, East Coast Waters, the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the St. Lawrence Estuary. Modernization of the current Dash 7 surveillance aircraft to a standard equal to the Dash 8 surveillance aircraft dedicated for use on the East and West Coast. The Maritime Surveillance System has been installed on the Dash 7 pollution surveillance aircraft.
Training, installation and technical support have been completed.
The Dash 7 aircraft was deployed to the Arctic on June 29 and conducted surveillance in support ot pollution, ice, marine security and Fisheries initiatives
The Central and Arctic Marine Aerial Reconnaissance Team provided 513.7 productive patrol hours during 2009-10.
The project is now completed.
Arctic International Marine Shipping Assessment 550.0 50.0 153.315 An assessment of projected shipping activities and the associated environmental, social and economic impacts and risks as reduced sea ice may lead to increased marine transport in the Arctic The report was completed in the previous fiscal year.
Funds received for this year were used to publish the English version of the AMSA report and to translate the report into French and Inuktituk.
This project is now completed.
Pollution Prevention - Ship Waste Reduction Strategy 800.0 200.0 172.516 Adequate reception facilities for wastes; appropriate legislation and standards The Vessel Waste Technology Study contract was awarded to a contractor. The aim of this study is to examine available technology to manage wastes onboard vessels and in remote port communities, with the goal of providing some recommended options for large and small scale vessels and ports.
A contract was awarded to PWGSC to esitimate typical quantities of wastes generated on board vessels of different sizes and types. This study will provide vessel operators and marine shore facilities with a better understanding of the quantities of wastes generated on board vessel to assist in the selection of appropriate treatment technologies.
Work was undertaken to update Transport Canada's Boating Safety Guide with environmental protection information and to publish this updated guide nationally.
Indian and Northern Affairs Canada
Northern land Resources Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment/
Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment from land-based sources of pollution
175.0 0.0 0.0 An expanded arctic regional program of action on land-based sources of pollution; a greater understanding of Aboriginal Arctic marine resource use; and a greater understanding of the social, economic and environmental impacts from changing shipping patterns on northern and aboriginal communities This initiative was completed in 2008-09.

 

 

Total   61,449.0 12,480.5 12,459.5    

1 Balance of funds was reallocated to other Ocean Program priorities.
2 Balance of funds was reallocated to other Ocean Program priorities.
3 The need to resolve legal issues, failure to secure the collaboration of foreign partners in the planned cross-jurisdicational pilot project, and loss of the project manager all contributed to a lack of activity on this project.
4 Extra funds were allocated from A-base.
5 Salary funds were transferred to another HOTO priority to offset deficit.
6 Activities differed from one region to the next; some had positive variance while others were negative, depending on the status of their activities.
7 The variance in funds spent is due to delays in delivering activities. Alignment and education of partners mainly contributed to the delays incurred.
8 Funds were carried-over from 2008-09. The resulting balance was not all spent, a portion of the funds for 2009-10 was sumitted for a carry-forward to 2010-11.
9 Approximately 5 months of salary funds were not spent during a maternity/parental leave. Similarly, the variance in O&M can be explained by staff turnover and a resulting capacity gap.
10 The balance of funds lapsed due to delays in processing a contract.
11 Unavoidable delays in activities resulted in a carry-forward.
12 The carry-forward from 2008-09, in addition to most funds being unspent in 2009-10 resulted in a positive variance (more than the planned spending was requested for carry-forward to 2010-11). Delays in the signing of the MOU are mostly responsible for the delays for this project.
13 Additional funds were spent for this project. Major contributing factors are overtime incurred and readjustment of projects to allow for increased compliance activities.
14 Additional funds spent for this initiative were the result of a carry-forward from 2008-09.
15 “Pressure funding” was received from Transport Canada to cover costs of translation.
16 The balance of funds lapsed because of delays in awarding a contract.

Comments on Variances: See footnotes

Results Achieved by Non-federal Partners (If Applicable): n/a

Contact Information:
Harvey Brodkin
Fisheries and Oceans Canada
200 Kent Street
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0E6
Telephone: 613-991-6692
Email: Harvey.Brodkin@dfo-mpo.gc.ca