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Table 9.1: Horizontal Initiatives


1) Name of Horizontal Initiative: Global Peace and Security Fund (GPSF)
2) Name of Lead Department: Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada 3) Lead Department Program Activity: International Security 1
4) Start Date of the Horizontal Initiative: Initiated October 3, 2005; operationalized September 18, 2006 5) End Date of the Horizontal Initiative: March 31, 2013
6) Total Federal Funding Allocation (start to end date): As per Table 8.19, overall DFAIT or lead partner spending to date totals $235.9 million, while horizontal funding to non-DFAIT entities (below) provides support to initiatives that fall outside of funding transferred at reference levels. GPSF funds are therefore not earmarked for other government departments or federal partners on an allocation basis. Planned spending levels to these entities reflect GPSF preparedness to respond to appeals in a given year, under umbrella arrangements, from the RCMP, CSC, etc.
7) Description of the Horizontal Initiative (including funding agreement): Funded from the Peace and Security Pool of the International Assistance Envelope, the GPSF fills a funding gap by providing dedicated resources for activities that are necessary for a timely response with respect to countries in or at risk of crisis, but that are not properly the responsibility of the Department of National Defence and are outside Canada's traditional official development assistance program. Examples of these activities are supporting peace operations and peace processes, supporting justice and security system reform, enhancing transitional justice and reconciliation, and improving the peace enforcement and peace operations capacities of military and police in Africa and the Americas. Major recipients of funding are Afghanistan, Sudan and Haiti.

The GPSF is both a responsive and directive program, established to provide timely, focused, effective and accountable international assistance in response to critical peace and security challenges. DFAIT works closely with a range of government departments including RCMP, DND, CSC, CBSA and Justice Canada. Among other assistance, these partnerships provide critical expertise in the area of justice and security system reform to the civilian components of UN peace operations. In 2007-2008, the GPSF entered into arrangements with several major implementing partners from the federal government. DFAIT’s contribution of $ 86.3 million was supplemented by $82.4 million in spending by partners for total spending of $ 168.7 million (see Column 15 below). Of particular note was support to peace operations in Sudan through the Canadian Commercial Corporation and the implementation of stabilization and reconstruction projects in Kandahar Province, Afghanistan.

8) Shared Outcome(s):
  • Rapid, integrated and better-coordinated Canadian responses to international requirements for short- and medium-term conflict prevention, stabilization, peacebuilding and reconstruction;
  • Improved Canadian contributions to the mitigation of natural disasters and complex emergencies and the restoration of peace, security, the rule of law and legitimate government in fragile states; and
  • Expanded global and regional capacity for peace operations.
9) Governance Structure(s): The GPSF is managed by the Stabilization and Reconstruction Task Force (START) Secretariat in the context of a whole-of-government approach coordinated through the START Advisory Board. Chaired by the Director General of the START Secretariat and comprising senior officials from across government, the START Advisory Board is responsible for establishing, within the framework of individual departmental authorities, whole-of-government strategic policy as well as priority setting and direction with respect to fragile states and complex emergencies. It is also responsible for providing a platform for information exchange to ensure that program-related activities are complementary and avoid duplication. The START Secretariat is located in the International Security Branch of DFAIT and is accountable to DFAIT, which is responsible for the financial, human and physical resource services for START.
10)
Federal Partners

Federal Partner Program Activity
11)
Names of Programs for Federal Partners 2
12)
Planned Spending for 2007-
2008

($ millions)
13)
Actual Spending for 2007-
2008

($ millions)
14)
Expected Results for 2007-2008
15)
Results Achieved in 2007-2008
Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada (DFAIT)

International Security (Interim PAA, Diplomacy and Advocacy new PAA)
Global Peace and Security Program; Global Peace Operations Program; Glyn Berry Program for Peace and Security 89.0 3 86.3 3 Timely, coordinated and cost-effective whole-of-government responses to natural and human-made crises abroad 200 projects were funded through the GPSF, supporting conflict prevention, crisis response, post-conflict peacebuilding and stabilization initiatives
Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)

PA 1: Federal and International Operations
Canadian Police Arrangement 11.4 4 5.8 Implementation of RCMP International Police Peacekeeping Projects Supported the deployment of serving members to fragile states including Haiti, Afghanistan, etc.
Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)

PA 1: Geographic Programs
Peace Support Operations in Sudan - - Support to Sudan AMIS Support to Sudan AMIS
Canadian Commercial Corporation (CCC)

PA: N/A
Peace Support Operations in Sudan 96.0 73.0 Logistical support to Sudan peace operations (AMIS/UNAMID) Provided logistical support to Sudan peace operations (AMIS/UNAMID)
Correctional Service of Canada (CSC)

PA 1: Correctional Interventions
Operations in Afghanistan and Stabilization and Reconstruction in Haiti 0.5 1.5 Support to the deployment of Correction Advisers to the PRT in Afghanistan Supported the deployment of Correction Advisers to the PRT in Afghanistan
Department of Justice

PA 1: Justice policies, laws and programs
Operations in Afghanistan and peacebuilding support in Sudan 0.7 - Support for implementation of GPSF projects and START activities Supported implementation of GPSF projects and START activities
Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA)

PA 1: Security
Operations in Afghanistan (Pakistan-Afghanistan border); Canada’s support to the Middle East Peace Process; and Stabilization and Reconstruction in Haiti 0.7 - Provision of technical assistance Provided technical assistance
Department of National Defence (DND)

PA 1: Contribute to Canada and the international community
Operations in Afghanistan 6.4 2.1 Support for implementation of projects in Kandahar Province Supported implementation of projects in Kandahar
Totals: 5   204.7 3 168.7 3    
16) Comments on Variances:
Where significant variance exists between planned and actual disbursements, it is due to difficult programming environments, as the GPSF operates in crisis and fragile states. For example, programming through CBSA in support of the Middle East Peace Process had to be cancelled due to security concerns on the ground. Further, the level of spending of the GPSF through federal partners varies in response to the needs that are expressed by partner countries and multilateral agencies. As such, planned levels constitute notional estimates.
17) Results to Be Achieved by Non-Federal Partners (if applicable): The GPSF works with a wide variety of implementing partners, including international and regional organizations, such as the United Nations and its bodies, as well as with non-governmental organizations, academic institutions, foreign governments and other legal entities.
18) Contact Information: Robert Derouin, Director General, START Secretariat, Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada, Tel.: 613-665-6689, Fax: 613-944-5911, Email: robert.derouin@international.gc.ca

1. This program activity relates to DFAIT’s interim PAA, which was used for the 2007-2008 RPP. Under the current PAA, approved by Treasury Board on June 7, 2007, the program activity for this table is Diplomacy and Advocacy.
2. Names of Programs for Federal Partners refer to support to GPSF activities and do not necessarily reflect the name of a department’s official program. Often departments working with the GPSF do not have an official program name for this activity.
3. Includes grants.
4. This does not include funding transferred at reference levels. It is solely funding to cover incremental costs of the RCMP to deploy police officers in support of international peacekeeping operations.
5. Total Allocation (from start to end date) for Federal Partners not available.

Table 9.2: Horizontal Initiatives


1) Name of Horizontal Initiative: Enhanced Representation Initiative (ERI)
2) Name of Lead Department: Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada 3) Lead Department Program Activity: Bilateral Relations and International Business Development 1
4) Start Date of the Horizontal Initiative: September 17, 2003 5) End Date of the Horizontal Initiative: March 31, 2008 2
6) Total Federal Funding Allocation (start to end date): $118.2 million
7) Description of the Horizontal Initiative (including funding agreement): The ERI was a partnership of seven federal departments and agencies. The ERI provided a coordinated and integrated approach and direction to managing and advancing Canada’s advocacy, trade, business development, science and technology, and investment interests in the United States. This was done through the collaboration of ERI partners and consultation with other federal government departments, the provinces and territories, and other stakeholders. The ERI partnership had oversight of a network of 43 U.S. points of contact, including consulates general, consulates, trade offices and honorary consuls.
8) Shared Outcomes: Outcomes reflected total Canadian government efforts respecting advocacy and business development with the United States set in the international economic environment. Specific outcomes were defined by the ERI’s Results-based Management and Accountability Framework (RMAF)

Short-term Outcomes:

  • Increased domestic engagement and coordination
  • Raised awareness of:
    • Canada-U.S. interdependence in North American security
    • Canada-U.S. interdependence in the North American economy
    • Canada-U.S. social differences
  • Increased number of export-ready firms
  • Raised awareness in the U.S. of:
    • Investment opportunities in Canada
    • Canadian technological capabilities
  • Increased Canada-U.S. sharing of technologies
  • Raised awareness of U.S. market opportunities for Canadian firms
  • ERI partnership development
  • Increased capacity for advocacy and business development in the U.S.

Medium-term Outcomes:

  • Appreciation of Canada-U.S. interdependence as reflected by:
    • Canadian interests not adversely affected by U.S. legislation, policies, regulations or industry codes
    • Improved settlement of joint Canada-U.S. issues
  • Increased investment development
  • Increased export development
  • Increased commercialization of S&T in Canada
  • Improved coherence of Canadian advocacy and business development interests in the U.S.

Long-term Outcomes:

  • Enhanced influence for Canada on key strategic issues
  • Improved flow of people, goods and services across the Canada-U.S. border
  • Increased business for Canada with the U.S.
9) Governance Structure: The ERI partnership was managed through a formal governance structure consisting of a Deputy Ministers Steering Committee, an Assistant Deputy Ministers Policy Committee, a Directors General Operations Committee and three director-level standing committees: Advocacy and Business Development, Communications and Human Resources. Day-to-day operations were managed by the ERI Secretariat, which was responsible to the ERI partnership, through the governance structure, for planning, implementing and evaluating the ERI’s annual action plan. The ERI Secretariat was accountable administratively to its host department, Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada, which provided financial, human resources and physical resource services to the Secretariat.
10) Federal Partners
  • Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada (DFAIT)
  • Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC)
  • Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency (ACOA)
  • Canada Economic Development for Quebec Regions
  • Industry Canada (IC)
  • National Research Council (NRC)
  • Western Economic Diversification (WD)
11)
Enhanced Representation Initiative Program Components
12)
Total Allocation (from start to end date)
($ millions)
13)
Planned Spending for 2007-
2008

($ millions)
14)
Actual Spending for 2007-
2008

($ millions)
15)
Expected Results for 2007-2008
16)
Results Achieved
in 2007-2008
(a) Representation 78.1 22.4 22.0 Complete staffing and infrastructure Staffing complete except for 3 of 20 honorary consuls

Staffing of ongoing vacancies through partnership process
(b) Advocacy and Business Development 26.7 10.4 9.6 "Whole of government" approach Conducted activities for improved Canada-U.S. relations and increased U.S. opportunities for Canadian firms Utilized 92.3% of allocated funds
(c) Corporate / Governance 6.3 1.4 1.3 Improve governance by implementing formative evaluation recommendations Implemented the accepted recommendations of the formative evaluation; supported the summative evaluation of the ERI, and led the formation of a partnership for the new North American Platform Program (NAPP) to succeed the ERI.
(d) Reserve / un-allocated 7.1 1.5 2.8    
Totals: 118.2 35.7 35.7    
17) Results Achieved by Non-Federal Partners (if applicable): N/A
18) Contact Information: Wolf Nowak, Manager, Strategic Planning and Analysis, North American Platform Program (NAPP),Tel.: 613-944-2715, Fax: 613-996-0560, Email: wolf.nowak@international.gc.ca