2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Micro-organizations combined by Question 97. Are you currently a shift worker?

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Micro-organizations are those that have fewer than 150 employees at the time of the survey. In order to protect the confidentiality of employees, demographic breakdowns of results are not provided for individual micro-organizations; results by demographics are provided only for all micro-organizations combined. Further, results for individual micro-organizations are provided only if the number of respondents to a question is sufficient to ensure the confidentiality of respondents.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Table of contents

Top of page

Employee engagement

Employee engagement

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 38 42 20 0 0 0 0 80 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 47 33 11 5 4 0 0 80 9 1065
2022 Shift worker 43 36 16 5 0 0 0 79 5 20
2022 Non-shift worker 49 34 8 5 3 0 0 84 9 1010
2020 Shift worker 46 29 21 0 4 0 0 75 4 35
2020 Non-shift worker 48 35 9 6 2 0 0 83 8 900
2019 Shift worker 56 31 10 4 0 0 0 86 4 25
2019 Non-shift worker 52 32 9 4 3 0 0 84 7 840

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 33 33 14 5 15 0 0 66 20 15
2024 Non-shift worker 46 30 10 7 7 0 0 76 15 1065
2022 Shift worker 40 32 13 16 0 0 0 71 16 20
2022 Non-shift worker 46 33 9 6 6 0 0 79 12 1010
2020 Shift worker 53 28 9 3 7 0 0 81 10 35
2020 Non-shift worker 47 31 11 7 4 0 0 78 11 900
2019 Shift worker 54 29 4 7 4 4 0 86 11 25
2019 Non-shift worker 47 30 9 9 4 0 0 78 13 845

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 59 15 13 13 0 0 0 74 13 15
2024 Non-shift worker 58 27 10 3 2 0 0 85 5 1060
2022 Shift worker 60 13 17 10 0 0 0 73 10 20
2022 Non-shift worker 61 27 8 2 2 0 0 88 4 1010
2020 Shift worker 57 27 9 3 4 0 0 84 7 35
2020 Non-shift worker 62 27 8 2 1 0 0 89 3 900
2019 Shift worker 71 22 3 4 0 0 0 93 4 25
2019 Non-shift worker 64 25 8 1 2 0 0 89 3 840

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 52 22 26 0 0 0 0 74 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 50 31 9 6 3 1 0 82 8 1065
2022 Shift worker 53 29 9 9 0 0 0 82 9 20
2022 Non-shift worker 52 32 9 4 3 0 0 84 7 1015
2020 Shift worker 45 35 15 0 4 0 0 80 4 35
2020 Non-shift worker 53 32 9 4 2 0 0 86 6 900
2019 Shift worker 73 17 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 55 29 9 4 2 0 0 85 6 845

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 65 15 0 8 12 0 0 80 20 15
2024 Non-shift worker 52 24 11 7 6 0 0 76 13 1065
2022 Shift worker 37 18 17 14 14 0 0 55 28 20
2022 Non-shift worker 52 24 11 7 7 0 0 76 13 1010
2020 Shift worker 63 27 0 3 7 0 0 90 10 35
2020 Non-shift worker 55 25 11 6 4 0 0 79 10 900
2019 Shift worker 65 32 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 56 27 8 5 4 0 0 83 9 845

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 60 20 8 0 12 0 0 80 12 15
2024 Non-shift worker 50 27 10 8 6 0 0 77 13 1065
2022 Shift worker 23 43 20 5 9 0 0 66 14 20
2022 Non-shift worker 49 28 10 7 6 0 0 77 13 1010
2020 Shift worker 68 22 3 0 7 0 0 90 7 30
2020 Non-shift worker 53 27 9 6 4 0 0 80 10 895
2019 Shift worker 60 33 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 54 29 7 6 4 0 0 83 10 840

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 30 24 28 7 12 0 0 54 19 15
2024 Non-shift worker 47 18 13 8 9 4 1 69 18 1065
2022 Shift worker 34 19 5 16 12 13 0 61 33 20
2022 Non-shift worker 45 24 12 8 7 4 1 72 16 1015
2020 Shift worker 48 18 18 6 7 3 0 68 13 35
2020 Non-shift worker 47 23 14 9 5 2 1 72 14 900
2019 Shift worker 58 17 11 11 0 3 0 78 11 25
2019 Non-shift worker 47 22 12 10 6 2 1 71 16 845
Top of page

Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 41 26 22 7 5 0 0 67 12 15
2024 Non-shift worker 55 25 9 3 2 1 5 85 5 1065
2022 Shift worker 21 28 8 3 0 8 32 81 5 20
2022 Non-shift worker 58 22 9 4 2 1 5 85 6 1010
2020 Shift worker 41 33 9 3 8 0 7 79 11 35
2020 Non-shift worker 59 22 8 3 2 1 5 86 5 900
2019 Shift worker 50 25 11 7 0 0 8 82 7 25
2019 Non-shift worker 58 21 10 3 2 1 5 84 5 845

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 50 31 0 7 0 7 5 92 8 15
2024 Non-shift worker 53 26 7 6 5 0 2 82 11 1065
2022 Shift worker 52 28 8 7 0 5 0 84 7 20
2022 Non-shift worker 58 26 6 5 4 0 1 85 9 1010
2020 Shift worker 51 30 6 8 4 0 0 82 13 35
2020 Non-shift worker 55 25 9 6 3 1 2 82 10 900
2019 Shift worker 54 14 15 14 3 0 0 68 17 25
2019 Non-shift worker 55 26 8 6 3 1 2 83 9 840

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 73 20 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 59 22 6 6 5 0 2 83 11 1065
2022 Shift worker 45 32 12 5 6 0 0 78 11 20
2022 Non-shift worker 63 21 7 4 4 0 1 84 8 1010
2020 Shift worker 66 11 13 9 0 0 0 77 9 35
2020 Non-shift worker 66 17 8 5 3 0 2 84 8 900
2019 Shift worker 62 20 3 14 0 0 0 83 14 25
2019 Non-shift worker 60 22 7 5 4 0 2 84 9 845

Senior management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 43 30 0 5 15 7 0 79 21 15
2024 Non-shift worker 48 26 8 7 7 4 0 77 14 1065
2022 Shift worker 27 28 8 29 4 4 0 57 34 20
2022 Non-shift worker 49 25 9 8 6 3 0 77 14 1010
2020 Shift worker 70 20 0 4 3 0 3 93 7 35
2020 Non-shift worker 52 25 9 6 5 2 0 79 12 900
2019 Shift worker 63 30 4 0 4 0 0 93 4 25
2019 Non-shift worker 46 30 9 6 5 3 0 79 12 840

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 44 29 0 8 12 7 0 79 21 15
2024 Non-shift worker 43 29 11 8 8 2 0 73 16 1065
2022 Shift worker 27 22 6 31 11 4 0 51 43 20
2022 Non-shift worker 47 25 11 8 8 1 0 73 16 1015
2020 Shift worker 70 23 0 0 7 0 0 93 7 35
2020 Non-shift worker 50 25 10 8 6 1 0 76 14 900
2019 Shift worker 59 27 7 0 4 4 0 89 4 25
2019 Non-shift worker 46 31 9 7 6 1 0 77 13 840

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 38 36 8 0 12 7 0 79 13 15
2024 Non-shift worker 34 29 15 10 9 3 0 65 19 1065
2022 Shift worker 23 9 13 25 26 4 0 33 53 20
2022 Non-shift worker 38 28 12 12 7 2 0 68 20 1015
2020 Shift worker 63 27 3 0 7 0 0 90 7 35
2020 Non-shift worker 40 30 10 11 7 2 0 71 18 900
2019 Shift worker 51 35 10 0 0 3 0 89 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 36 31 11 11 6 4 0 70 18 840

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 38 36 8 0 12 7 0 79 13 15
2024 Non-shift worker 33 31 12 13 10 1 0 65 23 1065
2022 Shift worker 28 23 6 35 4 4 0 53 41 20
2022 Non-shift worker 37 31 11 12 8 1 0 68 20 1010
2020 Shift worker 43 44 3 3 7 0 0 87 10 35
2020 Non-shift worker 37 30 12 12 8 1 0 68 20 895
2019 Shift worker 52 38 3 3 4 0 0 90 7 25
2019 Non-shift worker 33 34 12 12 6 2 0 69 19 840
Top of page

Workforce

Performance management

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 33 48 7 12 0 0 0 81 12 15
2024 Non-shift worker 43 32 10 8 6 0 1 76 14 1065
2022 Shift worker 37 45 11 3 5 0 0 82 7 20
2022 Non-shift worker 47 30 10 8 5 0 0 77 13 1015
2020 Shift worker 53 27 9 6 4 0 0 81 10 35
2020 Non-shift worker 44 35 10 7 5 0 0 79 11 900
2019 Shift worker 44 42 11 4 0 0 0 86 4 25
2019 Non-shift worker 43 33 10 9 4 0 1 77 13 845

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 38 36 22 5 0 0 0 74 5 15
2024 Non-shift worker 38 39 9 9 5 0 0 78 13 1065
2022 Shift worker 41 44 11 4 0 0 0 85 4 20
2022 Non-shift worker 43 38 9 6 4 0 0 81 10 1010
2020 Shift worker 40 42 9 6 4 0 0 82 10 35
2020 Non-shift worker 43 38 10 6 3 0 0 81 9 895
2019 Shift worker 40 33 24 3 0 0 0 73 3 25
2019 Non-shift worker 42 39 8 8 3 0 0 81 11 840

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 76 10 7 0 0 7 0 92 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 51 26 9 5 6 1 2 79 11 1065
2022 Shift worker 34 47 7 3 3 5 0 86 7 20
2022 Non-shift worker 52 27 8 7 5 0 1 80 11 1010
2020 Shift worker 52 18 17 9 4 0 0 69 13 35
2020 Non-shift worker 51 27 10 6 4 0 2 80 10 900
2019 Shift worker 42 36 15 3 4 0 0 78 7 25
2019 Non-shift worker 52 27 8 6 5 0 2 81 11 840

Job fit and development

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 45 20 23 12 0 0 0 65 12 15
2024 Non-shift worker 36 37 10 11 5 1 1 74 16 1065
2022 Shift worker 42 29 14 15 0 0 0 71 15 20
2022 Non-shift worker 41 36 9 9 4 0 1 77 13 1010
2020 Shift worker 48 30 9 6 7 0 0 79 13 35
2020 Non-shift worker 43 34 11 8 3 0 1 78 12 895
2019 Shift worker 45 36 12 0 7 0 0 81 7 25
2019 Non-shift worker 45 33 9 8 3 0 1 80 11 845

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 76 0 5 0 12 7 0 82 13 15
2024 Non-shift worker 58 19 9 4 5 2 3 81 9 1065
2022 Shift worker 55 18 16 6 0 0 5 77 6 20
2022 Non-shift worker 60 20 9 4 4 2 2 83 8 1010
2020 Shift worker 54 15 21 3 4 3 0 71 7 35
2020 Non-shift worker 57 21 10 3 4 2 3 82 8 895

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 54 13 14 7 12 0 0 68 19 15
2024 Non-shift worker 35 28 13 11 8 2 1 66 20 1065
2022 Shift worker 32 27 36 5 0 0 0 59 5 20
2022 Non-shift worker 40 31 11 8 7 2 0 73 16 1010
2020 Shift worker 57 30 6 0 7 0 0 87 7 30
2020 Non-shift worker 40 30 13 8 5 3 0 73 14 895
2019 Shift worker 43 36 4 10 7 0 0 79 17 25
2019 Non-shift worker 39 30 13 8 6 3 1 72 14 845

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 30 47 7 7 5 0 5 31 69 15
2024 Non-shift worker 46 23 13 5 5 1 7 50 50 1065
2022 Shift worker 26 35 10 0 19 0 10 20
2022 Non-shift worker 50 23 11 5 4 1 6 1010
2020 Shift worker 62 19 6 7 0 7 0 35
2020 Non-shift worker 56 21 11 5 3 1 3 900
2019 Shift worker 55 17 7 8 0 0 14 25
2019 Non-shift worker 62 18 9 4 3 1 3 845

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 64 26 0 0 5 0 5 67 33 15
2024 Non-shift worker 62 8 6 3 3 2 17 76 24 1065

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 63 0 24 0 8 0 5 67 33 15
2024 Non-shift worker 72 7 5 2 3 3 8 81 19 1065
2022 Shift worker 81 7 5 5 0 0 3 20
2022 Non-shift worker 76 8 3 2 2 3 5 1015
2020 Shift worker 85 3 0 6 0 6 0 35
2020 Non-shift worker 82 6 3 2 2 3 3 900
2019 Shift worker 63 17 0 0 0 4 17 25
2019 Non-shift worker 79 8 3 1 2 3 4 845

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 60 13 15 0 0 0 13 69 31 15
2024 Non-shift worker 76 5 3 1 1 2 12 88 12 1065

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 57 18 12 0 0 0 13 66 34 15
2024 Non-shift worker 70 8 4 2 2 2 11 81 19 1065

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 25 42 0 14 20 0 0 66 34 15
2024 Non-shift worker 18 25 12 15 21 2 7 48 39 1065
2022 Shift worker 23 6 18 13 13 3 24 40 35 20
2022 Non-shift worker 23 26 11 13 18 3 6 54 34 1015
2020 Shift worker 33 21 15 6 16 6 3 59 24 35
2020 Non-shift worker 23 21 15 14 16 3 7 49 34 900
2019 Shift worker 28 21 14 4 14 7 12 61 21 25
2019 Non-shift worker 22 25 15 15 16 2 6 51 33 845

Empowerment

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 33 39 15 5 8 0 0 72 13 15
2024 Non-shift worker 44 33 9 8 6 0 0 77 14 1065
2022 Shift worker 24 51 6 5 14 0 0 75 19 20
2022 Non-shift worker 45 34 7 8 5 0 0 80 13 1015
2020 Shift worker 50 30 6 0 14 0 0 81 14 35
2020 Non-shift worker 48 32 9 7 4 0 0 80 10 895
2019 Shift worker 41 22 20 11 7 0 0 63 18 25
2019 Non-shift worker 49 31 9 7 4 0 0 80 11 845

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 68 0 13 8 5 7 0 73 14 15
2024 Non-shift worker 47 31 9 7 6 0 0 78 13 1065
2022 Shift worker 39 30 13 11 7 0 0 68 18 20
2022 Non-shift worker 48 30 12 6 4 0 0 78 10 1010
2020 Shift worker 62 21 0 7 10 0 0 83 17 35
2020 Non-shift worker 49 29 10 7 4 0 0 79 11 900
2019 Shift worker 40 30 23 7 0 0 0 70 7 25
2019 Non-shift worker 52 28 10 7 4 0 0 80 10 845

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 48 24 16 5 7 0 0 72 12 15
2024 Non-shift worker 47 31 10 7 5 0 0 78 12 1065
2022 Shift worker 29 34 24 4 3 0 7 67 7 20
2022 Non-shift worker 48 31 10 7 4 0 0 79 11 1010
2020 Shift worker 42 42 9 3 4 0 0 84 7 35
2020 Non-shift worker 46 34 10 6 3 0 0 80 9 895
2019 Shift worker 47 36 17 0 0 0 0 83 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 50 33 8 6 2 0 0 83 9 840

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 31 34 23 0 12 0 0 65 12 15
2024 Non-shift worker 35 40 11 7 5 2 0 76 12 1065
2022 Shift worker 25 21 37 0 4 13 0 53 4 20
2022 Non-shift worker 38 37 11 7 4 2 0 77 12 1015
2020 Shift worker 56 25 12 4 3 0 0 81 7 35
2020 Non-shift worker 39 40 11 5 3 1 0 80 8 895
2019 Shift worker 35 27 22 8 0 4 4 68 8 25
2019 Non-shift worker 38 38 12 7 2 2 0 78 9 845

Work-life balance and workload

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 58 25 10 0 7 0 0 83 7 15
2024 Non-shift worker 54 25 8 6 6 0 1 80 12 1065
2022 Shift worker 62 22 6 7 4 0 0 83 11 20
2022 Non-shift worker 59 23 8 5 5 0 0 82 11 1010
2020 Shift worker 64 15 14 3 4 0 0 79 7 35
2020 Non-shift worker 56 26 8 6 3 0 0 83 10 900
2019 Shift worker 63 10 23 3 0 0 0 74 3 25
2019 Non-shift worker 63 23 5 6 3 0 0 87 8 840

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 29 30 22 15 5 0 0 59 19 15
2024 Non-shift worker 39 30 18 8 4 0 2 70 12 1065
2022 Shift worker 31 26 12 31 0 0 0 57 31 20
2022 Non-shift worker 41 31 16 7 4 0 0 73 11 1015
2020 Shift worker 64 21 16 0 0 0 0 84 0 35
2020 Non-shift worker 38 31 18 9 4 0 0 69 13 895
2019 Shift worker 55 30 4 11 0 0 0 85 11 25
2019 Non-shift worker 41 32 17 7 3 0 0 73 10 845

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 73 20 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 70 18 6 2 1 1 2 91 3 1065
2022 Shift worker 55 8 19 0 3 0 14 74 4 20
2022 Non-shift worker 69 18 5 2 2 2 2 91 4 1010

Mobility and retention

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Unsure
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 40 33 27 15
2024 Non-shift worker 30 39 31 1065
2022 Shift worker 37 29 34 20
2022 Non-shift worker 37 34 29 1015
2020 Shift worker 26 37 36 35
2020 Non-shift worker 25 39 35 900
2019 Shift worker 18 55 26 25
2019 Non-shift worker 26 39 35 845

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.

Survey year Demographic To retire
(%)
To pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)
To pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)
To pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)
End of my term, casual or student employment
(%)
Other reason
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 13 12 49 8 11 7 325
2022 Non-shift worker 14 19 43 9 8 8 375
Top of page

Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 44 42 15 0 0 0 0 85 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 57 32 5 4 2 0 0 89 6 1065
2022 Shift worker 46 45 6 0 0 0 3 93 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 61 29 5 3 2 0 0 90 5 1010
2020 Shift worker 57 31 6 3 4 0 0 87 7 35
2020 Non-shift worker 62 28 4 3 2 0 0 91 5 895
2019 Shift worker 55 39 3 4 0 0 0 93 4 25
2019 Non-shift worker 63 27 5 3 1 0 0 91 4 840

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 38 44 0 7 12 0 0 81 19 15
2024 Non-shift worker 39 37 10 9 4 1 0 77 13 1065
2022 Shift worker 27 37 25 3 4 4 0 67 7 20
2022 Non-shift worker 43 36 9 8 4 0 0 79 12 1010
2020 Shift worker 54 33 6 7 0 0 0 86 7 35
2020 Non-shift worker 42 38 9 7 3 1 0 81 11 900
2019 Shift worker 39 48 13 0 0 0 0 87 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 40 40 8 7 3 1 0 81 11 840

Organizational performance

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 13 0 38 23 15 7 5 43 14 15
2024 Non-shift worker 8 20 36 19 12 1 3 32 30 1065
2022 Shift worker 4 53 20 4 12 4 3 17 62 20
2022 Non-shift worker 9 20 32 19 18 1 2 38 29 1015
2020 Shift worker 16 3 23 33 18 0 7 55 20 35
2020 Non-shift worker 8 19 33 24 13 1 1 38 28 900
2019 Shift worker 3 13 27 41 10 0 5 54 17 25
2019 Non-shift worker 6 17 34 25 18 1 1 43 23 840

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 21 0 53 16 5 0 5 23 22 15
2024 Non-shift worker 10 16 26 22 21 1 4 45 27 1065
2022 Shift worker 31 15 14 17 18 0 5 37 49 20
2022 Non-shift worker 9 14 26 25 22 1 3 49 24 1010
2020 Shift worker 16 4 17 33 20 3 7 59 22 35
2020 Non-shift worker 7 10 26 29 25 1 2 56 18 900
2019 Shift worker 3 10 30 34 15 0 9 53 14 25
2019 Non-shift worker 8 10 25 27 28 1 1 56 19 840

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 13 5 21 27 23 7 5 56 20 15
2024 Non-shift worker 5 10 29 30 23 1 3 55 15 1065
2022 Shift worker 28 4 25 21 22 0 0 43 32 20
2022 Non-shift worker 5 11 25 30 26 1 2 57 17 1010
2020 Shift worker 10 3 3 42 39 0 3 84 13 35
2020 Non-shift worker 3 8 27 36 24 1 1 61 12 900
2019 Shift worker 0 0 15 52 25 0 9 84 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 4 6 24 33 32 0 1 65 10 840

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 15 17 13 18 11 7 20 39 43 15
2024 Non-shift worker 13 18 25 21 18 1 4 41 32 1065
2022 Shift worker 21 35 20 8 15 0 0 23 56 20
2022 Non-shift worker 13 18 25 19 20 1 4 41 33 1010
2020 Shift worker 16 3 6 45 28 0 3 75 19 35
2020 Non-shift worker 8 16 26 25 22 2 1 48 25 900
2019 Shift worker 0 11 28 26 32 0 4 60 11 25
2019 Non-shift worker 8 15 25 24 25 1 2 51 23 840

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 12 5 18 15 15 7 28 46 26 15
2024 Non-shift worker 9 11 24 26 21 3 6 52 22 1065
2022 Shift worker 16 54 13 11 6 0 0 17 70 20
2022 Non-shift worker 11 16 23 21 20 3 5 45 29 1010
2020 Shift worker 13 8 9 18 42 6 3 67 24 35
2020 Non-shift worker 6 11 22 29 28 3 2 59 18 895
2019 Shift worker 7 9 24 25 22 4 9 54 18 25
2019 Non-shift worker 5 15 26 25 23 3 2 51 21 835

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 7 5 33 30 5 0 20 44 16 15
2024 Non-shift worker 10 14 29 23 19 2 3 44 25 1065
2022 Shift worker 36 11 16 15 21 0 0 36 47 20
2022 Non-shift worker 9 13 29 24 20 2 3 46 23 1010
2020 Shift worker 7 9 21 20 37 0 7 61 17 35
2020 Non-shift worker 6 8 28 31 24 2 1 56 15 895
2019 Shift worker 7 7 26 22 26 4 9 55 15 25
2019 Non-shift worker 7 10 27 28 25 2 2 55 18 845

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 7 5 23 11 27 7 20 52 17 15
2024 Non-shift worker 5 9 27 28 26 0 4 56 15 1065
2022 Shift worker 17 17 13 25 23 5 0 50 36 20
2022 Non-shift worker 5 7 27 31 27 1 2 59 13 1010
2020 Shift worker 6 7 30 20 30 3 3 54 14 35
2020 Non-shift worker 4 10 28 32 26 1 0 58 14 900
2019 Shift worker 4 8 7 51 25 0 5 81 12 25
2019 Non-shift worker 5 13 27 28 26 0 1 54 19 840

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 33 34 7 7 20 0 0 67 27 15
2024 Non-shift worker 25 34 15 14 10 2 0 60 24 1065
2022 Shift worker 22 29 11 29 0 9 0 56 32 20
2022 Non-shift worker 28 34 12 14 9 3 1 64 24 1010
2020 Shift worker 44 40 9 3 4 0 0 84 7 30
2020 Non-shift worker 32 37 12 11 6 2 0 71 17 895
2019 Shift worker 36 43 15 3 4 0 0 79 7 25
2019 Non-shift worker 27 38 12 14 6 3 0 66 21 840

Diversity and inclusion

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 47 19 15 5 15 0 0 66 20 15
2024 Non-shift worker 57 24 6 6 5 1 0 82 11 1065
2022 Shift worker 45 33 5 11 7 0 0 78 18 20
2022 Non-shift worker 60 23 6 4 5 1 0 84 10 1010
2020 Shift worker 62 22 7 9 0 0 0 84 9 35
2020 Non-shift worker 59 23 7 7 4 1 0 82 11 900
2019 Shift worker 57 24 7 8 0 4 0 84 8 25
2019 Non-shift worker 57 23 7 8 4 0 0 81 12 845

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 61 24 7 0 8 0 0 85 8 15
2024 Non-shift worker 61 26 5 5 3 0 0 87 8 1065
2022 Shift worker 41 49 11 0 0 0 0 89 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 66 22 5 5 2 0 0 88 7 1010
2020 Shift worker 71 19 7 3 0 0 0 90 3 35
2020 Non-shift worker 63 25 4 6 2 0 0 89 8 895
2019 Shift worker 53 28 11 7 0 0 0 81 7 25
2019 Non-shift worker 61 25 6 6 2 0 0 86 8 845

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 68 18 7 0 0 7 0 92 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 57 29 6 4 3 1 0 87 6 1065
2022 Shift worker 25 60 3 7 4 0 0 86 11 20
2022 Non-shift worker 58 28 8 3 3 1 0 86 6 1010
2020 Shift worker 59 25 8 3 4 0 0 84 7 35
2020 Non-shift worker 55 31 7 4 2 1 0 87 6 895
2019 Shift worker 57 33 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 55 30 7 5 2 1 0 86 7 845

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 50 28 8 0 7 7 0 84 8 15
2024 Non-shift worker 47 32 8 5 4 2 0 82 10 1065
2022 Shift worker 26 61 9 4 0 0 0 87 4 20
2022 Non-shift worker 47 33 9 6 4 1 0 81 10 1015
2020 Shift worker 72 12 10 0 3 3 0 86 3 30
2020 Non-shift worker 50 32 8 6 3 1 0 83 9 895
2019 Shift worker 49 36 7 3 0 4 0 89 3 25
2019 Non-shift worker 52 30 9 5 3 1 0 83 8 845

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 44 38 10 0 7 0 0 83 7 15
2024 Non-shift worker 44 31 11 6 3 5 0 79 9 1065
2022 Shift worker 20 53 12 3 4 7 0 79 8 20
2022 Non-shift worker 41 35 11 4 3 6 0 80 8 1015
2020 Shift worker 61 18 13 6 0 3 0 81 6 35
2020 Non-shift worker 48 29 12 4 2 4 1 81 7 900
2019 Shift worker 59 26 7 0 4 5 0 89 4 25
2019 Non-shift worker 54 27 11 3 2 3 0 84 5 840

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 72 13 0 0 15 0 0 85 15 15
2024 Non-shift worker 62 25 5 4 3 0 0 87 8 1065
2022 Shift worker 36 56 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 63 25 5 4 3 0 0 88 7 1015
2020 Shift worker 76 17 3 4 0 0 0 93 4 35
2020 Non-shift worker 67 21 6 3 2 0 0 89 5 900
2019 Shift worker 58 35 4 0 0 4 0 96 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 65 24 5 3 3 0 0 90 5 845

Anti-racism

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 44 24 0 7 13 12 0 78 22 15
2024 Non-shift worker 47 23 10 4 5 6 5 77 11 1065
2022 Shift worker 38 44 7 3 3 0 5 86 6 20
2022 Non-shift worker 51 24 7 4 5 5 5 82 10 1010

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 36 32 0 7 13 12 0 78 22 15
2024 Non-shift worker 45 22 11 6 5 7 5 75 12 1065
2022 Shift worker 49 30 11 0 6 0 5 82 6 20
2022 Non-shift worker 49 24 8 4 5 5 5 81 10 1010

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 28 27 35 0 0 5 5 61 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 30 19 18 7 5 19 2 62 16 1065
2022 Shift worker 34 6 23 9 0 28 0 55 13 20
2022 Non-shift worker 31 20 20 8 5 15 2 61 16 1010
2020 Shift worker 58 11 13 12 0 6 0 74 12 35
2020 Non-shift worker 36 27 18 6 4 8 1 69 11 900

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 60 21 7 0 13 0 0 80 13 15
2024 Non-shift worker 47 26 8 5 6 6 3 80 12 1065
2022 Shift worker 37 36 3 17 0 3 5 79 18 20
2022 Non-shift worker 49 28 6 4 5 5 2 84 10 1010
2020 Shift worker 61 18 0 12 4 0 6 83 17 35
2020 Non-shift worker 52 27 7 4 4 3 2 84 8 900

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 0 24 20 0 0 36 20 55 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 12 13 21 3 6 38 7 45 17 1065
2022 Shift worker 15 3 36 0 7 27 12 29 12 20
2022 Non-shift worker 12 18 20 4 4 38 5 52 13 1010

Question 72. Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination: I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 6 0 18 15 54 8 0 6 74 15

Ethical workplace

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 10 27 27 5 15 7 10 44 24 15
2024 Non-shift worker 32 28 13 8 6 7 6 69 16 1065
2022 Shift worker 24 46 9 8 0 9 5 80 9 20
2022 Non-shift worker 36 24 13 5 7 9 7 71 14 1010
2020 Shift worker 45 19 11 0 4 14 6 80 5 35
2020 Non-shift worker 36 28 14 6 6 5 5 71 14 900
2019 Shift worker 36 19 23 4 0 3 15 67 5 25
2019 Non-shift worker 37 26 14 8 6 6 3 69 15 845

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 48 26 0 0 20 7 0 79 21 15
2024 Non-shift worker 41 32 10 9 5 2 1 75 14 1065
2022 Shift worker 30 48 15 3 3 0 0 78 6 20
2022 Non-shift worker 42 30 11 8 5 3 1 75 13 1010
2020 Shift worker 55 26 3 3 10 0 3 84 13 35
2020 Non-shift worker 46 30 10 8 4 2 0 78 12 900
2019 Shift worker 37 42 3 14 0 3 0 82 14 25
2019 Non-shift worker 48 28 9 7 5 3 1 78 13 840

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 23 44 15 5 7 7 0 72 13 15
2024 Non-shift worker 44 29 14 6 5 2 0 74 11 1065
2022 Shift worker 30 24 46 0 0 0 0 54 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 43 30 14 7 4 2 0 75 11 1010
2020 Shift worker 61 20 9 0 7 3 0 84 7 35
2020 Non-shift worker 46 31 14 5 3 1 0 77 9 895
2019 Shift worker 36 38 17 4 0 5 0 78 4 25
2019 Non-shift worker 43 32 13 6 4 1 0 76 11 840

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 30 34 10 0 20 7 0 68 21 15
2024 Non-shift worker 30 20 15 9 11 11 4 59 23 1060
2022 Shift worker 32 34 18 6 0 10 0 73 7 20
2022 Non-shift worker 29 23 14 8 9 12 4 63 20 1010
2020 Shift worker 54 15 6 3 10 9 3 79 15 35
2020 Non-shift worker 34 21 16 8 9 9 3 63 19 895
2019 Shift worker 32 28 19 0 0 17 4 76 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 30 21 15 9 10 11 4 60 22 840

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 61 39 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 47 37 5 8 3 0 0 84 11 1065
2022 Shift worker 51 37 0 8 4 0 0 88 12 20
2022 Non-shift worker 52 33 4 8 4 0 0 85 11 1010
2020 Shift worker 46 44 4 6 0 0 0 90 6 35
2020 Non-shift worker 49 38 3 8 2 0 0 88 10 900

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 60 22 10 8 0 0 0 82 8 15
2024 Non-shift worker 53 26 6 9 5 0 2 81 14 1065
2022 Shift worker 38 48 4 10 0 0 0 86 10 20
2022 Non-shift worker 59 26 6 6 3 0 1 86 8 1010
2020 Shift worker 55 21 10 14 0 0 0 76 14 35
2020 Non-shift worker 46 37 7 7 2 0 1 84 9 900
2019 Shift worker 84 12 0 4 0 0 0 96 4 25
2019 Non-shift worker 63 24 3 7 3 0 0 87 10 840

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 36 57 0 0 7 0 0 93 7 15
2024 Non-shift worker 53 30 7 7 2 0 2 84 10 1060
2022 Shift worker 41 52 3 4 0 0 0 93 4 20
2022 Non-shift worker 59 26 6 5 3 0 0 85 8 1010
2020 Shift worker 57 18 9 13 3 0 0 75 16 30
2020 Non-shift worker 53 33 6 5 2 0 0 86 7 890
2019 Shift worker 64 24 8 4 0 0 0 88 4 25
2019 Non-shift worker 64 25 5 5 1 0 0 89 6 840

Use of official languages

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 72 10 0 18 0 0 0 82 18 15
2024 Non-shift worker 73 12 6 4 3 0 1 87 7 1065

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 50 32 0 18 0 0 0 82 18 15
2024 Non-shift worker 67 17 7 5 2 0 1 86 7 1065

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 93 7 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 83 7 3 1 2 0 4 93 3 1065
2022 Shift worker 70 14 5 0 6 0 4 88 7 20
2022 Non-shift worker 85 6 3 2 1 0 3 94 3 1015
2019 Shift worker 83 8 4 5 0 0 0 91 5 25
2019 Non-shift worker 84 6 3 2 2 0 4 93 4 840

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 82 10 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 47 23 16 6 3 3 3 74 10 1065
2022 Shift worker 54 23 9 5 0 10 0 85 5 20
2022 Non-shift worker 47 24 15 5 4 3 4 75 9 1010
2020 Shift worker 69 18 7 3 0 3 0 90 3 35
2020 Non-shift worker 54 22 10 3 4 3 4 81 9 900
2019 Shift worker 73 19 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 57 20 9 4 4 3 4 82 8 845

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 1065
2022 Shift worker 0 100 20
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 1010

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 40 60 115
2022 Non-shift worker 32 68 95

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 66 34 115
2022 Non-shift worker 66 34 95

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 115
2022 Non-shift worker 12 88 95

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 2 98 95

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 5 95 115
2022 Non-shift worker 3 97 95

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 95

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 3 97 95

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 36 64 115
2022 Non-shift worker 45 55 95

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 40 60 115
2022 Non-shift worker 44 56 95

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 47 53 115
2022 Non-shift worker 49 51 95

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 36 64 115
2022 Non-shift worker 44 56 95

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 30 70 115
2022 Non-shift worker 31 69 95

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 57 43 115
2022 Non-shift worker 43 57 95

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 32 68 115
2022 Non-shift worker 30 70 95

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 115
2022 Non-shift worker 1 99 95

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 115
2022 Non-shift worker 3 97 95

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 9 91 115
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 95

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 49 51 115
2022 Non-shift worker 50 50 95

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 13 87 115
2022 Non-shift worker 16 84 95

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 16 84 115
2022 Non-shift worker 24 76 95

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 61 39 115
2022 Non-shift worker 45 55 95

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 27 73 115
2022 Non-shift worker 32 68 95

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 16 84 115
2022 Non-shift worker 17 83 95

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 115
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 95

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 14 86 115
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 95

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 10 90 115
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 95

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 9 91 115
2022 Non-shift worker 10 90 95

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 115
2022 Non-shift worker 7 93 95

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 14 86 115
2022 Non-shift worker 30 70 95

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 100
2022 Non-shift worker 5 95 85

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 18 82 100
2022 Non-shift worker 15 85 85

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 8 92 100
2022 Non-shift worker 7 93 85

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 6 94 100
2022 Non-shift worker 6 94 85

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 15 85 100
2022 Non-shift worker 12 88 85

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 20 80 100
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 85

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 6 94 100
2022 Non-shift worker 5 95 85

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 10 90 100
2022 Non-shift worker 16 84 85

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 13 87 100
2022 Non-shift worker 15 85 85

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 29 71 100
2022 Non-shift worker 35 65 85

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 9 91 100
2022 Non-shift worker 6 94 85

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 44 56 100
2022 Non-shift worker 40 60 85

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 100
2022 Non-shift worker 1 99 85

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 48 52 100
2022 Non-shift worker 63 37 85

Question 62o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 6 94 100

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 10 90 100
2022 Non-shift worker 17 83 85

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 20 10 11 4 5 36 13 60 19 1065
2022 Non-shift worker 20 12 11 4 4 35 14 61 16 1010
2020 Shift worker 40 3 9 0 4 31 13 77 8 35
2020 Non-shift worker 28 15 13 4 5 28 8 66 14 900
2019 Shift worker 33 17 7 0 0 21 23 88 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 25 13 16 5 5 27 10 61 15 845

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 41 39 15 0 0 5 0 84 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 39 23 13 5 4 15 2 74 11 1065
2022 Shift worker 34 25 22 0 3 17 0 70 4 20
2022 Non-shift worker 37 28 13 4 4 12 2 76 9 1010
2020 Shift worker 61 12 18 0 0 6 3 80 0 35
2020 Non-shift worker 44 25 14 4 4 8 0 76 9 900
2019 Shift worker 51 31 4 0 0 14 0 96 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 45 25 13 5 4 8 1 77 9 845

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 6 94 1065
2022 Shift worker 0 100 20
2022 Non-shift worker 5 95 1010
2019 Shift worker 0 100 25
2019 Non-shift worker 6 94 840

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 30 70 60
2022 Non-shift worker 33 67 55
2019 Non-shift worker 44 56 50

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 87 13 60
2022 Non-shift worker 81 19 55
2019 Non-shift worker 80 20 50

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 6 94 55

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 55

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 10 90 60
2022 Non-shift worker 7 93 55
2019 Non-shift worker 10 90 50

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 7 93 55

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 55
2019 Non-shift worker 0 100 50

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 43 57 60
2022 Non-shift worker 29 71 55
2019 Non-shift worker 37 63 50

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 24 76 60
2022 Non-shift worker 24 76 55
2019 Non-shift worker 28 72 50

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 22 78 60
2022 Non-shift worker 11 89 55
2019 Non-shift worker 23 77 50

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 11 89 55

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 24 76 60
2022 Non-shift worker 24 76 55
2019 Non-shift worker 28 72 50

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 27 73 60
2022 Non-shift worker 15 85 55
2019 Non-shift worker 26 74 50

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 2 98 55
2019 Non-shift worker 0 100 50

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 3 97 55

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 60
2022 Non-shift worker 10 90 55

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 19 81 60
2022 Non-shift worker 16 84 55
2019 Non-shift worker 10 90 50

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 60
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 55
2019 Non-shift worker 0 100 50

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 33 67 60
2022 Non-shift worker 22 78 55
2019 Non-shift worker 9 91 50

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 60
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 55
2019 Non-shift worker 0 100 50

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 33 67 60
2022 Non-shift worker 28 72 55
2019 Non-shift worker 41 59 50

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 16 84 60
2022 Non-shift worker 10 90 55
2019 Non-shift worker 13 87 50

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 9 91 60
2022 Non-shift worker 13 87 55
2019 Non-shift worker 13 87 50

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 11 89 55
2019 Non-shift worker 10 90 50

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 16 84 60
2022 Non-shift worker 6 94 55

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 60
2022 Non-shift worker 10 90 55

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 55

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 10 90 60
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 55

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 42 58 60
2022 Non-shift worker 52 48 55
2019 Non-shift worker 47 53 50

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 2 98 50

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 10 90 55
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 50

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 50

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 55
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 50

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 50

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 5 95 50

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 13 87 50

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 15 85 55
2022 Non-shift worker 23 77 50

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 18 82 50

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 32 68 55
2022 Non-shift worker 40 60 50

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 14 86 55
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 50

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 51 49 55
2022 Non-shift worker 45 55 50

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 55
2022 Non-shift worker 3 97 50

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 62 38 55
2022 Non-shift worker 70 30 50

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 13 87 55
2022 Non-shift worker 21 79 50

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 24 11 11 3 3 37 11 66 13 1065
2022 Shift worker 17 14 21 5 0 21 22 55 8 20
2022 Non-shift worker 22 11 13 3 3 38 10 64 11 1010
2020 Shift worker 38 7 6 4 0 36 10 81 8 30
2020 Non-shift worker 29 12 15 2 3 32 7 66 8 900
2019 Shift worker 29 20 7 0 0 21 23 88 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 26 10 16 3 3 31 10 62 11 845

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 43 23 11 5 3 14 2 77 9 1065
2022 Shift worker 33 20 19 8 0 15 5 66 10 20
2022 Non-shift worker 39 27 13 3 4 13 1 77 8 1010
2020 Shift worker 56 13 12 4 0 12 4 81 5 30
2020 Non-shift worker 42 25 16 3 4 9 1 75 8 895
2019 Shift worker 43 39 4 0 0 14 0 96 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 46 22 14 3 3 11 1 77 7 845

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 18 82 15
2024 Non-shift worker 17 83 1065
2022 Shift worker 0 100 20
2022 Non-shift worker 11 89 1010
2020 Shift worker 3 97 30
2020 Non-shift worker 11 89 900
2019 Shift worker 7 93 25
2019 Non-shift worker 15 85 845

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 60 40 180
2022 Non-shift worker 56 44 115

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 80 20 180
2022 Non-shift worker 71 29 115

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 58 23 10 7 2 1 0 82 8 150
2022 Non-shift worker 50 27 4 12 5 2 0 79 17 85

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 65 17 8 0 5 0 5 86 5 15
2024 Non-shift worker 56 27 7 4 2 3 2 87 6 1065
2022 Shift worker 23 48 12 0 0 7 10 86 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 54 28 6 5 2 2 3 87 7 1010
2020 Shift worker 59 29 3 6 0 0 4 91 6 30
2020 Non-shift worker 59 25 7 3 2 2 3 88 5 900
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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 75 13 5 7 0 0 0 88 7 15
2024 Non-shift worker 63 21 5 4 4 1 2 86 9 1065
2022 Shift worker 36 38 26 0 0 0 0 74 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 64 20 6 3 5 1 1 86 8 1015
2020 Shift worker 61 20 6 6 7 0 0 81 13 35
2020 Non-shift worker 60 24 7 5 3 1 1 85 8 895

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 0 8 7 0 29 13 43 66 18 15
2024 Non-shift worker 4 4 9 6 47 5 26 76 11 1060
2022 Shift worker 8 3 18 0 32 10 29 52 18 20
2022 Non-shift worker 4 4 10 5 47 5 24 74 12 1005

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 49 18 26 0 7 0 0 67 7 15
2024 Non-shift worker 35 37 13 7 5 3 1 75 12 1065
2022 Shift worker 29 26 35 6 0 3 0 57 7 20
2022 Non-shift worker 38 36 13 6 4 3 1 77 10 1010
2020 Shift worker 57 24 6 6 4 3 0 83 10 35
2020 Non-shift worker 53 31 9 4 2 1 0 84 6 900
2019 Shift worker 49 20 12 7 0 4 8 78 8 25
2019 Non-shift worker 45 34 12 5 2 2 0 81 7 845

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?

Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)
Very good
(%)
Good
(%)
Fair
(%)
Poor
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 15 5 39 15 26 15
2024 Non-shift worker 12 29 36 17 7 1065
2022 Shift worker 14 23 26 37 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 13 30 36 16 6 1010

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 67 15 5 0 7 7 0 87 8 15
2024 Non-shift worker 61 20 9 3 3 2 2 85 7 1065
2022 Shift worker 32 47 18 3 0 0 0 79 3 20
2022 Non-shift worker 62 22 8 2 3 2 1 87 5 1010
2020 Shift worker 60 27 6 0 7 0 0 87 7 35
2020 Non-shift worker 57 23 10 4 3 2 2 83 7 900

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 61 27 5 0 7 0 0 88 7 15
2024 Non-shift worker 52 22 7 8 8 1 2 76 17 1065
2022 Shift worker 36 48 8 8 0 0 0 84 8 20
2022 Non-shift worker 55 23 7 6 7 1 1 79 14 1010
2020 Shift worker 58 17 12 3 10 0 0 75 13 35
2020 Non-shift worker 45 26 10 11 6 1 1 72 18 900

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 38 43 5 0 15 0 0 80 15 15
2024 Non-shift worker 34 36 11 10 7 2 1 71 17 1065
2022 Shift worker 24 32 35 5 4 0 0 56 9 20
2022 Non-shift worker 37 35 11 9 7 1 0 73 16 1015
2020 Shift worker 61 24 6 3 7 0 0 85 10 35
2020 Non-shift worker 46 29 12 7 5 1 0 76 12 900
2019 Shift worker 51 27 12 7 4 0 0 78 11 25
2019 Non-shift worker 40 34 13 7 5 1 0 75 12 845

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 31 41 12 9 4 1 3 74 14 370
2022 Non-shift worker 35 45 7 9 3 1 0 81 12 325

Work-related stress

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 39 26 23 5 8 0 0 39 61 10
2024 Non-shift worker 44 26 13 6 9 1 3 45 55 1060
2022 Shift worker 38 10 37 5 10 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 44 25 14 7 7 0 2 1005
2020 Shift worker 57 15 14 11 3 0 0 35
2020 Non-shift worker 41 29 15 7 6 0 1 900
2019 Shift worker 18 17 17 13 32 0 3 25
2019 Non-shift worker 35 27 15 11 11 0 0 845

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 24 19 10 21 20 7 0 25 75 15
2024 Non-shift worker 19 29 25 15 12 1 0 19 81 1065
2022 Shift worker 14 40 20 17 9 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 21 27 25 13 14 0 0 1005
2020 Shift worker 28 39 19 6 9 0 0 35
2020 Non-shift worker 20 27 28 14 11 0 0 900
2019 Shift worker 24 50 19 7 0 0 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 27 30 24 10 8 0 0 840

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 18 51 11 0 13 7 0 20 80 10
2024 Non-shift worker 33 32 17 9 6 1 1 34 66 1060
2022 Shift worker 35 12 24 24 5 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 34 29 18 9 8 0 1 1000
2020 Shift worker 51 32 14 0 3 0 0 35
2020 Non-shift worker 36 30 19 9 5 0 0 900
2019 Shift worker 49 32 11 8 0 0 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 45 27 16 6 4 1 1 835

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 20 32 15 7 20 7 0 21 79 15
2024 Non-shift worker 23 23 23 14 15 1 2 23 77 1060
2022 Shift worker 16 14 28 9 33 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 21 21 22 16 18 1 1 1005
2020 Shift worker 46 17 15 16 3 0 3 35
2020 Non-shift worker 26 27 20 14 11 1 0 895
2019 Shift worker 42 16 27 8 4 4 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 29 26 20 14 9 1 1 840

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 75 5 8 0 7 5 0 78 22 15
2024 Non-shift worker 50 25 10 5 4 1 5 53 47 1060
2022 Shift worker 65 28 0 3 5 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 49 23 13 5 5 0 5 1005
2020 Shift worker 70 17 7 3 0 0 3 35
2020 Non-shift worker 47 24 15 6 5 0 2 900
2019 Shift worker 86 7 0 0 0 0 7 25
2019 Non-shift worker 58 23 10 4 2 0 3 840

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 23 36 15 0 20 0 7 25 75 15
2024 Non-shift worker 34 28 17 9 10 0 2 35 65 1060
2022 Shift worker 36 36 22 3 3 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 38 24 20 9 8 0 1 1005
2020 Shift worker 40 27 18 13 3 0 0 35
2020 Non-shift worker 33 28 19 11 8 0 0 900
2019 Shift worker 47 14 29 3 4 0 4 25
2019 Non-shift worker 46 24 17 7 5 0 0 845

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 37 35 7 0 13 7 0 40 60 10
2024 Non-shift worker 40 28 15 8 6 1 1 41 59 1060
2022 Shift worker 46 18 11 23 3 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 43 27 15 8 5 1 1 1005
2020 Shift worker 63 19 7 3 8 0 0 30
2020 Non-shift worker 44 30 14 8 3 1 1 900
2019 Shift worker 61 19 7 10 4 0 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 43 32 14 6 4 0 1 845

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 74 7 6 0 13 0 0 74 26 10
2024 Non-shift worker 28 31 20 11 8 1 1 28 72 1060
2022 Shift worker 45 8 21 8 18 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 32 30 21 9 7 0 1 1005
2020 Shift worker 55 28 9 3 5 0 0 30
2020 Non-shift worker 34 32 19 9 5 0 1 895
2019 Shift worker 60 26 7 7 0 0 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 37 33 17 9 4 0 0 840

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 37 14 29 5 8 7 0 40 60 10
2024 Non-shift worker 38 26 15 9 9 1 2 39 61 1060
2022 Shift worker 43 9 22 23 3 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 40 28 16 7 8 0 1 1010
2020 Shift worker 50 24 9 9 7 0 0 30
2020 Non-shift worker 43 27 17 8 5 0 1 895
2019 Shift worker 55 16 23 3 4 0 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 44 29 13 9 5 1 1 840

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 45 20 22 5 8 0 0 45 55 15
2024 Non-shift worker 54 20 11 6 6 1 2 55 45 1060
2022 Shift worker 58 18 14 3 7 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 55 21 11 6 5 0 1 1005
2020 Shift worker 63 21 9 0 7 0 0 35
2020 Non-shift worker 56 23 9 7 5 0 1 895
2019 Shift worker 66 13 11 3 3 4 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 56 23 10 6 4 0 1 845

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 58 13 0 21 8 0 0 58 42 10
2024 Non-shift worker 53 26 9 4 4 1 2 55 45 1060
2022 Shift worker 50 16 19 8 7 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 48 27 13 6 5 0 1 1010
2020 Shift worker 41 28 12 12 7 0 0 35
2020 Non-shift worker 34 30 21 9 5 0 0 900

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 43 17 6 17 8 8 0 47 53 10
2024 Non-shift worker 40 31 15 7 5 1 2 41 59 1065
2022 Shift worker 36 43 10 7 3 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 41 31 13 9 4 1 1 1005
2020 Shift worker 63 18 11 0 4 3 0 35
2020 Non-shift worker 38 33 19 6 3 0 0 900
2019 Shift worker 58 22 11 10 0 0 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 50 28 14 4 3 0 0 840

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 80 0 0 5 8 0 7 86 14 10
2024 Non-shift worker 58 18 10 5 6 1 3 60 40 1060
2022 Shift worker 62 22 6 0 10 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 64 18 9 3 2 1 3 1000
2020 Shift worker 53 34 13 0 0 0 0 35
2020 Non-shift worker 57 24 13 4 2 0 1 895
2019 Shift worker 89 7 4 0 0 0 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 68 17 9 3 3 0 1 840

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 60 16 0 0 16 0 7 65 35 10
2024 Non-shift worker 57 26 10 3 3 0 1 58 42 1060
2022 Shift worker 60 22 14 0 4 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 57 27 9 4 3 0 1 1005
2020 Shift worker 50 28 16 3 0 0 3 30
2020 Non-shift worker 43 36 13 4 3 0 0 900

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 63 6 0 0 16 0 15 74 26 10
2024 Non-shift worker 79 7 2 1 2 2 7 87 13 1065

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 49 28 16 0 0 7 0 53 47 10
2024 Non-shift worker 74 10 5 2 2 2 6 79 21 1065

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 70 15 0 8 0 0 7 76 24 15
2024 Non-shift worker 77 7 4 3 3 2 4 82 18 1065
2022 Shift worker 84 9 3 3 0 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 80 8 4 2 2 1 3 1005
2020 Shift worker 84 4 3 6 0 0 3 35
2020 Non-shift worker 80 8 4 2 2 1 3 900
2019 Shift worker 88 7 5 0 0 0 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 78 8 5 3 3 1 2 845

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 69 16 0 0 0 8 7 81 19 10
2024 Non-shift worker 65 20 6 3 3 1 3 67 33 1065
2022 Shift worker 66 27 7 0 0 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 67 21 6 2 1 0 2 1005
2020 Shift worker 87 7 0 3 0 0 3 30
2020 Non-shift worker 70 18 6 2 2 0 1 895
2019 Shift worker 65 12 11 9 3 0 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 60 25 9 3 2 0 1 840

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 65 19 0 0 0 15 0 77 23 10
2024 Non-shift worker 65 15 7 4 6 1 3 68 32 1065
2022 Shift worker 56 33 3 0 7 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 69 15 6 3 4 0 2 1005
2020 Shift worker 71 16 3 7 0 0 3 35
2020 Non-shift worker 69 13 7 5 4 0 2 900
2019 Shift worker 76 8 7 5 3 0 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 66 16 7 5 5 0 1 840

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 62 0 7 0 0 0 31 90 10 10
2024 Non-shift worker 63 10 4 1 2 1 19 79 21 1060
2022 Shift worker 74 13 6 0 0 0 7 20
2022 Non-shift worker 64 11 4 1 1 0 18 1005
2020 Shift worker 81 4 6 0 0 0 9 35
2020 Non-shift worker 64 11 5 2 0 0 18 900
2019 Shift worker 64 14 0 0 0 0 22 25
2019 Non-shift worker 57 12 5 2 1 0 22 845

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 78 0 0 0 8 0 14 91 9 15
2024 Non-shift worker 71 15 6 1 1 1 5 75 25 1055
2022 Shift worker 77 16 7 0 0 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 70 17 5 2 1 0 4 1000
2020 Shift worker 84 6 4 0 0 0 6 35
2020 Non-shift worker 69 19 7 2 1 0 2 900
2019 Shift worker 85 5 3 4 0 0 4 25
2019 Non-shift worker 72 17 5 1 1 0 4 840

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 73 0 0 0 20 0 7 79 21 15
2024 Non-shift worker 69 12 6 3 5 1 4 73 27 1065
2022 Shift worker 43 9 9 10 26 0 4 20
2022 Non-shift worker 77 9 5 2 3 0 3 1005
2020 Shift worker 62 23 3 7 6 0 0 30
2020 Non-shift worker 74 14 6 2 3 0 1 900
2019 Shift worker 46 14 12 13 16 0 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 77 12 4 3 3 1 2 845

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 52 33 0 0 0 0 15 61 39 10
2024 Non-shift worker 54 24 11 5 2 1 3 56 44 1065
2022 Shift worker 27 21 31 13 7 0 0 20
2022 Non-shift worker 54 24 13 4 2 0 2 1010
2020 Shift worker 53 23 21 0 0 0 3 35
2020 Non-shift worker 53 26 13 5 2 0 0 900
2019 Shift worker 59 22 10 9 0 0 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 59 23 11 4 2 0 1 845

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)
Low
(%)
Moderate
(%)
High
(%)
Very High
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 23 18 39 8 12 0 0 41 20 15
2024 Non-shift worker 10 34 37 13 7 0 0 44 20 1065
2022 Shift worker 22 24 32 19 4 0 0 46 23 20
2022 Non-shift worker 12 32 37 12 6 0 0 45 18 1015
2020 Shift worker 22 48 28 3 0 0 0 69 3 35
2020 Non-shift worker 15 37 30 14 4 0 0 52 18 900
2019 Shift worker 34 33 33 0 0 0 0 67 0 25
2019 Non-shift worker 22 37 28 9 4 0 0 59 13 845

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 7 13 50 15 15 0 0 30 20 15
2024 Non-shift worker 9 20 38 19 12 0 0 31 30 1065
2022 Shift worker 8 14 41 21 16 0 0 37 23 20
2022 Non-shift worker 8 17 41 21 13 0 0 34 25 1010
2020 Shift worker 6 7 24 46 16 0 0 62 13 30
2020 Non-shift worker 9 16 39 24 11 0 0 35 25 895
2019 Shift worker 12 17 19 32 20 0 0 51 30 25
2019 Non-shift worker 6 15 34 27 17 0 0 44 22 840
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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 13 37 15
2024 Non-shift worker 19 62 1065
2022 Shift worker 23 45 20
2022 Non-shift worker 21 61 1015
2020 Shift worker 16 55 35
2020 Non-shift worker 26 52 905

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 51 49 205
2022 Non-shift worker 44 56 220

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 46 5 0 0 0 21 28 89 11 15
2024 Non-shift worker 45 13 8 4 5 4 22 61 39 1065
2022 Shift worker 41 10 8 0 0 11 30 20
2022 Non-shift worker 45 14 9 5 4 3 20 1010
2020 Shift worker 45 12 9 6 4 0 24 35
2020 Non-shift worker 49 17 10 6 5 1 12 900
2019 Shift worker 42 14 17 5 8 0 15 25
2019 Non-shift worker 47 17 13 8 8 1 7 830

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 28 23 13 14 16 1 4 54 32 205
2022 Non-shift worker 30 27 11 12 15 2 3 60 29 220

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 10 17 11 19 29 1 13 31 56 205
2022 Non-shift worker 4 19 13 20 29 3 12 27 58 220
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