2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Canadian Food Inspection Agency by Question 113. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Employee engagement
- Employee engagement
Leadership
- Immediate supervisor
- Senior management
Workforce
Workplace
Workplace well-being
Compensation
- Pay or other compensation issues
- Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

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Employee engagement

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	37	33	10	13	7	70	20	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	31	39	14	9	6	70	16	3385
2024	First Nation	46	22	10	13	9	68	22	35
2024	Métis	28	43	12	15	2	71	17	35
2022	Indigenous	40	31	10	4	16	70	20	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	41	12	6	4	78	10	3240
2022	First Nation	48	30	9	3	11	78	14	30
2022	Métis	33	34	8	5	20	67	26	40
2020	Indigenous	30	44	13	10	3	74	12	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	40	12	7	3	78	10	3995
2020	Métis	29	47	11	10	3	75	14	60
2019	Indigenous	37	38	13	6	7	75	13	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	42	13	8	5	75	13	4285
2019	Métis	35	40	13	7	5	75	12	80

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	29	26	12	21	12	55	33	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	30	35	14	11	9	66	20	3380
2024	First Nation	32	13	13	25	17	45	42	35
2024	Métis	28	38	9	17	8	66	25	35
2022	Indigenous	31	32	11	12	14	63	26	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	37	13	10	6	72	15	3235
2022	First Nation	40	24	9	5	21	64	26	30
2022	Métis	23	38	12	20	7	61	28	40
2020	Indigenous	31	32	18	14	5	64	19	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	38	14	9	6	71	15	3990
2020	Métis	27	34	16	14	9	61	23	60
2019	Indigenous	36	28	13	15	8	64	23	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	39	16	11	7	66	18	4265
2019	Métis	37	31	12	11	8	69	19	80

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	55	25	13	5	2	80	8	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	48	35	12	4	2	83	6	3380
2024	First Nation	58	17	14	8	2	75	10	35
2024	Métis	48	34	13	3	2	82	5	35
2022	Indigenous	52	25	12	5	6	78	10	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	35	9	3	1	86	4	3235
2022	First Nation	62	13	12	5	8	75	14	30
2022	Métis	45	34	14	5	2	79	7	40
2020	Indigenous	47	35	13	4	1	82	5	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	33	9	3	1	87	4	3970
2020	Métis	53	31	11	5	0	84	5	60
2019	Indigenous	52	32	10	3	4	83	7	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	36	10	3	2	85	5	4250
2019	Métis	56	31	8	4	2	87	6	80

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	40	31	13	14	2	71	17	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	37	40	12	6	4	78	10	3380
2024	First Nation	43	20	7	25	4	64	29	35
2024	Métis	27	47	21	5	0	74	5	35
2022	Indigenous	45	24	16	5	11	69	16	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	40	10	5	2	83	7	3235
2022	First Nation	56	13	15	5	11	69	16	30
2022	Métis	36	33	12	5	13	70	18	40
2020	Indigenous	38	36	17	9	0	74	9	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	39	10	5	2	84	7	3990
2020	Métis	32	47	10	10	0	79	10	60
2019	Indigenous	39	41	12	4	5	80	9	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	42	11	5	3	81	8	4280
2019	Métis	40	41	10	5	3	81	8	80

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	32	26	12	15	16	0	57	31	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	30	34	16	12	8	0	64	20	3385
2024	First Nation	33	14	11	14	27	0	47	41	35
2024	Métis	25	37	15	18	5	0	62	23	35
2022	Indigenous	35	29	11	11	12	2	65	23	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	35	14	9	5	0	72	14	3240
2022	First Nation	47	20	7	9	11	5	71	21	30
2022	Métis	27	31	14	14	15	0	57	29	40
2020	Indigenous	29	38	20	7	6	0	67	13	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	35	15	8	4	0	73	12	3975
2020	Métis	25	42	17	9	7	0	67	16	60
2019	Indigenous	35	32	17	11	5	0	67	15	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	33	18	10	6	1	66	16	4275
2019	Métis	34	36	17	9	4	0	69	13	80

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	29	30	13	13	16	0	59	28	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	28	36	15	13	9	0	64	21	3385
2024	First Nation	33	14	8	18	27	0	47	45	35
2024	Métis	19	47	20	9	5	0	66	14	35
2022	Indigenous	35	34	14	10	8	0	69	18	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	37	14	10	5	0	71	14	3235
2022	First Nation	44	31	11	5	9	0	75	14	30
2022	Métis	29	31	15	15	9	0	60	25	40
2020	Indigenous	30	37	19	10	3	1	68	13	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	37	14	8	4	0	74	11	3960
2020	Métis	29	37	18	12	4	0	66	16	55
2019	Indigenous	35	34	14	12	5	0	68	17	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	37	17	10	6	0	67	16	4255
2019	Métis	32	37	15	12	4	0	70	16	80

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	31	22	15	11	21	1	0	53	32	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	27	25	19	12	10	6	0	56	24	3385
2024	First Nation	26	18	16	6	35	0	0	43	41	35
2024	Métis	31	25	15	18	9	3	0	57	27	35
2022	Indigenous	28	24	17	13	17	1	0	52	30	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	27	18	12	9	5	0	60	22	3240
2022	First Nation	36	21	14	10	20	0	0	57	29	30
2022	Métis	21	27	21	13	18	0	0	48	31	40
2020	Indigenous	29	21	21	16	9	4	0	52	26	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	28	18	11	7	3	0	62	18	3985
2020	Métis	24	22	21	16	12	5	0	49	30	60
2019	Indigenous	31	22	22	11	11	3	0	54	23	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	25	21	14	9	4	1	54	25	4280
2019	Métis	32	21	24	8	12	2	0	54	21	80

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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	47	24	7	10	5	2	5	76	16	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	47	27	13	4	3	1	4	79	8	3385
2024	First Nation	38	28	9	8	11	0	6	70	20	35
2024	Métis	52	23	6	10	0	4	5	83	11	35
2022	Indigenous	47	24	9	4	10	0	7	76	14	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	29	13	4	2	1	4	80	6	3235
2022	First Nation	48	21	0	3	16	0	12	78	22	30
2022	Métis	42	31	15	2	6	0	4	76	9	40
2020	Indigenous	49	22	22	3	2	0	2	72	5	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	26	13	4	3	1	3	79	8	3995
2020	Métis	55	21	17	2	4	0	2	77	5	60
2019	Indigenous	54	23	11	7	3	1	2	79	10	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	28	14	5	3	1	3	77	8	4280
2019	Métis	58	22	10	4	5	1	0	81	8	80

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	49	18	13	7	10	2	0	69	18	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	50	31	9	6	4	0	1	82	10	3370
2024	First Nation	48	14	15	8	14	0	0	62	22	35
2024	Métis	46	25	12	5	8	4	0	75	13	35
2022	Indigenous	43	27	10	9	11	0	0	70	20	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	33	9	5	3	1	1	82	9	3230
2022	First Nation	32	25	9	16	18	0	0	57	34	30
2022	Métis	50	28	13	2	7	0	0	78	9	40
2020	Indigenous	45	25	14	10	4	2	1	72	14	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	32	9	6	3	0	0	81	10	3995
2020	Métis	47	24	16	9	2	0	2	73	11	55
2019	Indigenous	48	26	11	8	6	1	0	75	14	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	33	11	7	5	1	0	78	12	4270
2019	Métis	48	27	10	8	6	1	0	76	14	80

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	53	20	8	10	9	73	19	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	55	26	8	6	5	81	11	3385
2024	First Nation	47	17	11	10	14	65	24	35
2024	Métis	55	24	5	10	5	79	16	35
2022	Indigenous	49	23	10	8	9	73	17	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	27	9	6	4	81	10	3235
2022	First Nation	49	22	14	3	13	71	16	30
2022	Métis	50	26	10	7	8	75	15	40
2020	Indigenous	53	23	12	7	6	76	12	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	27	9	5	4	82	9	4005
2020	Métis	51	26	7	9	7	77	16	60
2019	Indigenous	53	29	10	5	4	82	8	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	30	10	6	5	79	11	4285
2019	Métis	53	29	10	2	5	83	7	80

Senior management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	36	13	17	13	16	5	52	30	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	27	29	16	9	8	10	64	18	3380
2024	First Nation	34	5	19	20	14	8	43	37	35
2024	Métis	37	21	17	4	17	3	60	22	35
2022	Indigenous	27	23	20	9	13	9	54	24	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	32	15	8	5	9	69	14	3235
2022	First Nation	33	17	16	13	10	10	56	26	30
2022	Métis	21	30	21	7	18	4	53	25	40
2020	Indigenous	31	28	24	9	4	4	62	13	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	31	15	8	4	8	71	13	3995
2020	Métis	27	31	19	12	5	5	61	18	60
2019	Indigenous	35	33	17	5	7	3	70	12	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	33	18	10	6	7	62	18	4280
2019	Métis	33	33	19	4	8	4	69	12	80

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	27	17	17	12	23	3	46	36	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	21	28	19	13	15	3	51	29	3380
2024	First Nation	23	15	16	16	26	4	40	44	35
2024	Métis	30	21	21	4	20	3	53	25	35
2022	Indigenous	20	27	16	14	18	5	50	33	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	32	18	12	8	3	60	21	3235
2022	First Nation	28	24	13	9	18	8	56	29	30
2022	Métis	13	32	15	18	22	0	45	39	40
2020	Indigenous	27	29	21	13	8	2	57	22	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	33	17	10	6	2	65	17	3985
2020	Métis	20	32	18	16	12	2	54	28	60
2019	Indigenous	29	32	17	11	9	2	62	20	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	32	19	15	9	3	55	25	4270
2019	Métis	24	34	23	8	10	1	59	18	75

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	21	18	20	13	25	3	40	39	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	17	24	21	17	16	6	43	35	3380
2024	First Nation	19	13	29	10	26	4	33	37	35
2024	Métis	23	22	10	16	25	3	47	42	35
2022	Indigenous	17	18	22	22	12	9	39	37	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	29	21	15	9	6	52	26	3235
2022	First Nation	31	8	17	21	9	14	45	35	30
2022	Métis	7	25	23	25	16	4	33	43	40
2020	Indigenous	19	24	29	16	10	2	44	26	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	33	19	14	7	5	58	22	3990
2020	Métis	17	22	21	21	16	2	40	38	55
2019	Indigenous	26	30	19	14	10	2	56	24	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	28	21	17	10	6	48	30	4260
2019	Métis	23	28	21	15	10	3	53	26	75

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	14	28	13	15	27	3	43	43	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	17	30	18	17	15	3	48	33	3385
2024	First Nation	15	24	17	16	29	0	39	44	35
2024	Métis	13	33	11	15	22	6	49	39	35
2022	Indigenous	18	27	14	22	15	5	47	39	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	34	18	15	9	3	56	25	3235
2022	First Nation	25	25	11	12	20	8	54	34	30
2022	Métis	11	34	13	30	13	0	44	43	40
2020	Indigenous	14	23	33	18	9	2	38	28	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	36	17	13	7	2	61	21	3995
2020	Métis	10	22	27	21	16	3	34	38	60
2019	Indigenous	22	26	19	17	14	2	50	31	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	29	20	19	12	3	47	32	4275
2019	Métis	18	23	19	21	15	3	43	37	80

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Workforce

Performance management

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	30	23	8	23	16	53	40	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	28	33	17	12	10	61	22	3380
2024	First Nation	31	17	3	32	17	48	49	35
2024	Métis	28	30	14	14	15	58	29	35
2022	Indigenous	31	29	7	21	11	60	32	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	34	17	10	7	65	18	3240
2022	First Nation	36	27	5	23	8	64	31	30
2022	Métis	26	27	10	24	13	53	36	40
2020	Indigenous	27	39	12	15	7	66	21	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	37	16	11	6	67	17	4005
2020	Métis	23	36	16	16	9	60	25	60
2019	Indigenous	34	31	12	14	8	65	22	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	38	16	14	7	63	21	4275
2019	Métis	37	28	13	16	6	65	22	80

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	29	38	8	17	7	67	25	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	34	43	9	9	4	77	14	3380
2024	First Nation	31	39	2	22	5	70	27	35
2024	Métis	27	36	16	14	7	62	22	35
2022	Indigenous	33	33	9	19	6	67	25	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	44	9	8	3	80	11	3235
2022	First Nation	36	34	6	19	5	71	24	30
2022	Métis	27	36	9	20	8	63	28	40
2020	Indigenous	26	45	10	16	4	70	19	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	43	12	8	3	77	11	3975
2020	Métis	17	49	11	17	5	67	23	60
2019	Indigenous	28	38	13	15	7	66	21	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	44	13	11	4	72	15	4255
2019	Métis	25	41	12	14	8	66	22	80

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	46	23	5	11	14	2	70	25	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	45	31	10	7	6	0	77	13	3385
2024	First Nation	41	22	8	10	20	0	63	30	35
2024	Métis	47	28	2	10	9	4	78	20	35
2022	Indigenous	37	29	10	10	14	0	66	24	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	32	11	7	5	0	78	12	3235
2022	First Nation	33	29	6	16	16	0	62	32	30
2022	Métis	38	31	12	7	12	0	69	19	40
2020	Indigenous	43	32	14	7	5	0	74	12	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	32	11	7	4	0	78	11	3990
2020	Métis	43	38	7	5	7	0	81	12	60
2019	Indigenous	51	26	9	8	7	0	76	15	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	32	13	8	5	1	74	13	4280
2019	Métis	49	30	7	6	9	0	78	15	80

Job fit and development

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	25	35	12	19	10	60	28	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	26	38	13	15	9	64	23	3380
2024	First Nation	30	30	9	17	14	60	31	35
2024	Métis	19	42	12	20	6	61	27	35
2022	Indigenous	28	34	5	16	17	62	33	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	39	13	13	7	68	19	3230
2022	First Nation	32	38	8	13	9	70	22	30
2022	Métis	23	31	3	16	28	54	43	40
2020	Indigenous	34	34	14	11	7	68	18	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	40	12	13	4	71	17	3980
2020	Métis	32	40	9	9	10	72	19	60
2019	Indigenous	23	39	20	11	7	61	19	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	38	14	16	8	62	24	4275
2019	Métis	20	42	19	9	10	62	19	80

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	55	19	9	6	10	1	0	75	16	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	51	26	12	5	5	1	1	78	10	3380
2024	First Nation	52	15	5	12	16	0	0	67	28	35
2024	Métis	54	24	14	0	5	3	0	80	6	35
2022	Indigenous	43	17	24	3	12	1	0	61	15	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	26	12	5	4	2	1	78	9	3235
2022	First Nation	38	13	25	5	16	3	0	53	21	30
2022	Métis	44	22	24	2	8	0	0	66	10	40
2020	Indigenous	47	26	11	9	5	1	2	75	14	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	26	13	5	4	1	1	78	9	3990
2020	Métis	52	27	7	9	3	2	0	80	13	60

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	15	22	20	18	25	0	0	37	43	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	18	30	20	16	13	2	0	50	29	3385
2024	First Nation	16	17	17	15	36	0	0	32	51	35
2024	Métis	11	27	22	22	17	0	0	38	40	35
2022	Indigenous	20	27	20	14	16	3	0	49	31	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	34	18	14	10	2	0	58	24	3240
2022	First Nation	25	24	12	16	17	5	0	52	35	30
2022	Métis	13	29	27	15	15	2	0	43	30	40
2020	Indigenous	23	28	23	13	11	0	1	51	25	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	33	20	15	8	2	0	56	23	3985
2020	Métis	26	29	15	17	12	0	0	55	30	60
2019	Indigenous	25	28	15	20	12	0	0	53	32	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	30	20	18	13	2	0	48	31	4280
2019	Métis	21	32	13	19	15	0	0	53	34	80

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	32	23	25	2	14	3	2	33	67	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	42	25	15	5	6	1	5	45	55	3385
2024	First Nation	27	16	30	2	18	5	2	30	70	35
2024	Métis	33	31	23	2	9	0	2	34	66	35
2022	Indigenous	39	37	12	2	7	1	1			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	25	13	6	5	1	5			3240
2022	First Nation	34	43	13	3	5	0	3			30
2022	Métis	41	34	14	3	9	0	0			40
2020	Indigenous	44	27	15	4	6	3	1			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	25	14	6	3	1	3			3995
2020	Métis	38	28	17	8	5	2	2			60
2019	Indigenous	49	27	15	5	1	1	1			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	26	14	5	3	1	4			4280
2019	Métis	49	27	16	2	2	2	0			80

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	44	18	8	6	9	3	13	53	47	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	52	12	8	5	6	3	15	63	37	3385
2024	First Nation	37	24	5	7	10	3	14	44	56	35
2024	Métis	54	14	11	2	9	0	10	59	41	35

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	63	7	10	3	6	5	6	71	29	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	66	10	6	3	4	4	7	74	26	3380
2024	First Nation	52	11	14	6	8	5	4	57	43	35
2024	Métis	73	3	6	0	6	2	10	83	17	35
2022	Indigenous	74	6	8	5	4	1	1			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	69	10	5	2	4	5	6			3235
2022	First Nation	65	8	15	3	6	0	3			30
2022	Métis	80	6	3	6	3	3	0			40
2020	Indigenous	67	17	7	2	2	5	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	73	10	5	3	3	3	3			3975
2020	Métis	70	17	5	2	2	3	0			60
2019	Indigenous	69	11	7	1	5	3	4			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	71	10	6	3	3	4	4			4260
2019	Métis	69	15	6	1	4	1	4			80

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	70	8	8	1	1	4	8	80	20	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	68	8	4	3	2	3	13	81	19	3380
2024	First Nation	67	10	12	0	0	3	9	76	24	35
2024	Métis	73	7	5	2	2	2	7	81	19	35

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	55	10	9	5	10	4	7	61	39	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	60	12	6	3	5	3	11	69	31	3385
2024	First Nation	50	7	13	6	13	2	10	57	43	35
2024	Métis	57	16	7	6	7	2	5	62	38	35

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	14	23	13	22	26	1	0	37	49	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	15	28	14	18	20	2	3	45	40	3385
2024	First Nation	6	17	18	26	33	0	0	23	59	35
2024	Métis	14	29	10	21	23	2	0	45	45	35
2022	Indigenous	13	36	18	15	15	4	0	50	30	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	33	12	15	14	3	1	57	30	3235
2022	First Nation	15	31	20	13	18	3	0	47	32	30
2022	Métis	8	39	15	19	14	5	0	49	35	40
2020	Indigenous	20	18	23	20	20	0	0	38	40	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	29	16	16	15	2	2	51	32	3990
2020	Métis	21	17	22	19	21	0	0	37	40	60
2019	Indigenous	21	28	17	15	19	1	0	49	34	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	27	16	17	18	2	2	46	36	4285
2019	Métis	20	31	16	15	16	1	0	51	32	80

Empowerment

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	28	32	11	14	15	0	60	29	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	27	39	13	12	8	0	67	20	3380
2024	First Nation	31	29	11	7	23	0	59	30	35
2024	Métis	26	35	12	22	5	0	61	27	35
2022	Indigenous	35	32	14	13	6	0	67	19	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	39	13	10	5	0	71	15	3235
2022	First Nation	42	16	12	21	8	0	59	30	30
2022	Métis	30	47	12	6	5	0	77	11	40
2020	Indigenous	31	35	19	11	4	0	66	15	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	39	14	10	5	0	72	15	3970
2020	Métis	27	36	17	12	7	0	63	19	60
2019	Indigenous	34	40	11	8	6	1	75	14	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	41	15	11	6	0	68	17	4260
2019	Métis	35	37	13	7	6	1	73	14	80

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	40	23	15	10	12	63	22	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	32	35	17	9	6	68	16	3380
2024	First Nation	47	9	20	8	16	56	24	35
2024	Métis	33	39	11	10	6	72	17	35
2022	Indigenous	38	34	13	9	6	72	15	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	36	15	9	4	73	12	3235
2022	First Nation	43	27	5	17	8	69	25	30
2022	Métis	31	43	16	4	5	75	9	40
2020	Indigenous	40	28	18	10	4	68	14	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	35	16	8	4	72	12	4000
2020	Métis	39	29	14	10	7	68	18	60
2019	Indigenous	40	34	10	8	8	74	16	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	36	17	9	6	68	15	4270
2019	Métis	41	32	5	11	10	73	22	75

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	40	33	6	13	8	0	73	21	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	32	36	16	10	6	0	68	16	3380
2024	First Nation	47	20	3	20	10	0	67	30	35
2024	Métis	34	50	6	6	5	0	84	11	35
2022	Indigenous	36	32	16	6	9	0	69	15	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	39	13	8	4	0	75	12	3235
2022	First Nation	43	27	8	9	14	0	69	22	30
2022	Métis	31	38	22	3	7	0	68	9	40
2020	Indigenous	27	40	23	7	3	1	67	10	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	42	13	8	4	0	76	11	3965
2020	Métis	24	40	20	9	5	2	65	15	55
2019	Indigenous	35	36	13	12	3	1	72	15	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	42	15	10	4	0	71	14	4210
2019	Métis	37	37	12	9	3	1	75	13	80

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	15	39	17	16	13	0	0	54	29	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	17	36	21	12	8	5	0	56	22	3385
2024	First Nation	14	37	16	8	25	0	0	51	32	35
2024	Métis	14	38	20	26	2	0	0	51	29	35
2022	Indigenous	17	46	15	8	11	3	0	66	19	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	38	21	11	4	5	0	63	16	3235
2022	First Nation	20	45	10	9	15	0	0	66	24	30
2022	Métis	14	45	18	9	9	6	0	62	19	40
2020	Indigenous	21	34	27	8	5	5	0	58	14	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	42	19	9	4	4	0	67	13	3990
2020	Métis	20	40	23	9	5	3	0	62	15	60
2019	Indigenous	22	41	17	9	9	2	0	64	18	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	40	21	11	4	4	1	61	17	4280
2019	Métis	23	38	19	8	11	1	0	61	20	80

Work-life balance and workload

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	34	29	9	13	15	63	29	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	36	33	11	11	9	69	20	3380
2024	First Nation	40	20	6	17	18	60	35	35
2024	Métis	25	40	13	12	11	65	23	35
2022	Indigenous	43	25	14	12	6	68	18	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	34	10	8	5	76	13	3235
2022	First Nation	49	26	14	3	9	75	11	30
2022	Métis	36	24	13	22	5	60	26	40
2020	Indigenous	49	28	10	11	4	76	14	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	34	11	8	4	77	12	3985
2020	Métis	43	31	5	14	7	74	21	60
2019	Indigenous	51	23	12	6	8	74	14	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	34	11	9	6	74	15	4275
2019	Métis	51	27	10	5	7	78	12	80

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	40	31	15	6	6	0	1	72	12	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	37	35	17	7	4	0	0	72	11	3385
2024	First Nation	49	29	10	10	3	0	0	78	12	35
2024	Métis	32	38	14	2	11	0	2	72	14	35
2022	Indigenous	32	35	14	9	8	0	1	68	18	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	34	16	6	4	0	0	74	10	3240
2022	First Nation	27	52	13	5	2	0	0	79	8	30
2022	Métis	38	18	15	15	14	0	0	56	29	40
2020	Indigenous	34	33	22	5	6	0	0	67	11	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	34	17	7	4	0	0	71	11	3975
2020	Métis	31	38	16	8	7	0	0	69	15	60
2019	Indigenous	50	25	16	3	5	1	0	76	8	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	35	17	7	4	0	0	71	11	4255
2019	Métis	53	20	19	3	6	0	0	72	9	75

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	58	16	7	1	10	3	5	80	13	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	59	22	6	3	5	2	4	85	8	3385
2024	First Nation	56	18	12	0	8	0	6	79	9	35
2024	Métis	58	15	3	0	14	6	4	81	15	35
2022	Indigenous	55	19	12	7	5	0	2	76	12	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	58	22	6	4	4	2	4	86	8	3240
2022	First Nation	54	25	11	0	10	0	0	79	10	30
2022	Métis	52	17	11	13	2	0	4	72	16	40

Mobility and retention

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	35	31	34	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	30	39	31	3385
2024	First Nation	48	19	33	35
2024	Métis	25	40	35	35
2022	Indigenous	30	26	44	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	34	32	3240
2022	First Nation	33	37	31	30
2022	Métis	28	21	51	40
2020	Indigenous	30	36	35	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	43	35	4000
2020	Métis	35	32	33	60
2019	Indigenous	29	31	40	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	38	38	4290
2019	Métis	30	25	44	80

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	To retire (%)	To pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	To pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	To pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	End of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Other reason (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	6	30	21	15	16	12	25
2024	Non-Indigenous	18	37	24	8	7	6	995
2024	First Nation	4	24	25	17	17	12	15
2022	Indigenous	12	33	45	6	5	0	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	46	24	4	7	5	1070
2022	First Nation	0	45	45	0	11	0	10
2022	Métis	17	17	53	13	0	0	10
2020	Indigenous	17	35	38	3	3	3	30
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	41	27	4	5	3	855
2019	Indigenous	12	34	35	3	16	0	35
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	32	29	4	15	5	1005
2019	Métis	12	35	31	4	19	0	25

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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	39	33	6	12	9	73	21	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	43	40	9	5	3	83	8	3380
2024	First Nation	37	37	6	9	12	74	20	35
2024	Métis	40	31	4	18	8	71	25	35
2022	Indigenous	47	28	13	9	3	75	12	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	38	8	3	2	87	5	3235
2022	First Nation	56	24	9	9	3	80	11	30
2022	Métis	41	31	15	8	4	72	13	40
2020	Indigenous	40	39	13	6	2	79	8	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	40	9	4	2	86	5	3990
2020	Métis	41	38	9	9	3	79	12	60
2019	Indigenous	38	37	14	7	4	75	11	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	42	11	5	3	81	8	4260
2019	Métis	39	38	15	4	5	77	8	80

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	15	44	12	13	16	1	59	29	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	21	41	19	11	6	1	64	17	3380
2024	First Nation	14	39	10	17	19	0	53	37	35
2024	Métis	15	47	15	10	10	3	64	21	35
2022	Indigenous	28	32	23	6	7	5	63	14	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	44	16	8	3	2	72	12	3240
2022	First Nation	30	30	20	4	6	11	67	11	30
2022	Métis	26	33	26	5	10	0	59	15	40
2020	Indigenous	22	44	21	10	1	1	67	11	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	43	18	6	2	1	74	8	3990
2020	Métis	24	45	19	11	2	0	68	12	60
2019	Indigenous	29	38	26	6	1	0	67	7	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	45	18	8	3	1	71	11	4275
2019	Métis	28	37	28	4	2	0	66	6	80

Organizational performance

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	14	27	32	15	12	0	0	27	41	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	10	25	38	17	7	1	2	25	37	3380
2024	First Nation	15	29	28	12	15	0	0	28	44	35
2024	Métis	10	28	36	17	8	0	0	25	39	35
2022	Indigenous	15	20	29	18	11	1	6	31	38	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	23	37	20	9	1	3	29	32	3235
2022	First Nation	12	19	22	22	11	0	13	38	37	30
2022	Métis	18	19	34	18	9	0	0	28	38	40
2020	Indigenous	7	30	35	19	8	1	0	27	38	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	24	37	21	9	1	1	30	33	3995
2020	Métis	10	35	32	17	4	2	0	21	46	60
2019	Indigenous	11	27	30	24	8	1	0	32	38	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	26	37	18	8	1	1	26	36	4280
2019	Métis	13	25	34	20	7	1	0	28	38	80

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	18	20	25	13	21	0	2	34	40	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	15	25	31	18	7	1	3	26	41	3375
2024	First Nation	10	22	23	13	32	0	0	45	32	35
2024	Métis	23	22	27	14	9	0	5	24	47	35
2022	Indigenous	18	23	23	19	8	6	2	29	45	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	24	33	18	7	2	5	28	37	3225
2022	First Nation	32	18	9	21	11	8	0	35	55	30
2022	Métis	7	29	34	20	5	3	2	26	38	40
2020	Indigenous	18	28	31	13	9	1	0	22	47	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	22	32	19	10	2	2	30	36	3980
2020	Métis	20	33	28	14	4	2	0	18	54	60
2019	Indigenous	13	29	23	17	12	4	1	31	45	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	26	32	16	8	2	2	25	42	4270
2019	Métis	13	33	25	18	9	1	0	27	47	80

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	8	17	22	24	28	1	0	53	24	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	6	12	32	31	16	1	3	49	19	3375
2024	First Nation	3	16	20	21	41	0	0	61	19	35
2024	Métis	11	19	22	30	16	3	0	47	31	35
2022	Indigenous	5	11	36	22	23	0	4	46	16	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	12	32	31	16	1	4	50	17	3225
2022	First Nation	7	3	39	22	29	0	0	51	10	30
2022	Métis	2	19	35	23	19	0	2	43	21	40
2020	Indigenous	7	10	34	36	13	0	0	49	17	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	12	32	33	15	1	1	49	18	3975
2020	Métis	7	14	38	31	11	0	0	42	21	60
2019	Indigenous	5	11	24	41	16	3	1	59	17	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	14	33	30	15	1	1	46	20	4260
2019	Métis	3	9	28	44	14	1	0	58	13	80

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	27	23	21	18	12	0	0	30	50	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	20	24	26	17	10	1	3	27	46	3375
2024	First Nation	17	26	16	28	11	0	0	40	44	35
2024	Métis	39	21	20	9	11	0	0	20	60	35
2022	Indigenous	22	27	25	10	13	1	2	24	51	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	22	28	19	13	1	4	33	38	3230
2022	First Nation	5	43	21	15	16	0	0	32	48	30
2022	Métis	34	19	25	7	9	2	2	18	56	40
2020	Indigenous	21	23	25	14	15	2	1	30	45	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	21	30	22	13	0	2	35	34	3985
2020	Métis	26	24	23	14	9	4	2	24	53	60
2019	Indigenous	14	23	30	20	11	1	2	31	38	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	23	28	18	11	1	1	30	41	4275
2019	Métis	12	24	29	27	5	1	1	33	38	80

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	13	15	20	28	19	3	3	49	30	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	9	15	26	24	17	3	5	45	26	3380
2024	First Nation	13	24	12	19	25	6	2	48	40	35
2024	Métis	13	7	25	39	12	0	5	53	21	35
2022	Indigenous	17	21	19	19	17	2	4	38	41	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	21	26	19	13	3	6	34	37	3235
2022	First Nation	17	11	27	15	27	0	2	44	29	30
2022	Métis	17	28	12	23	11	4	4	37	49	40
2020	Indigenous	9	24	26	21	16	2	2	39	34	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	15	27	28	18	2	2	47	24	3980
2020	Métis	12	25	26	21	11	2	4	33	39	55
2019	Indigenous	10	21	28	15	16	4	6	34	34	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	19	27	24	14	3	2	40	32	4265
2019	Métis	9	22	33	18	11	5	4	31	33	80

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	34	16	20	7	18	3	1	27	52	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	15	23	31	16	9	3	3	27	40	3375
2024	First Nation	33	15	9	13	23	6	2	38	52	35
2024	Métis	36	17	31	3	13	0	0	16	53	35
2022	Indigenous	15	20	36	9	17	2	1	27	36	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	22	32	18	9	2	4	30	36	3235
2022	First Nation	15	18	35	7	22	3	0	30	34	30
2022	Métis	14	22	39	9	13	2	0	23	37	40
2020	Indigenous	10	24	39	21	8	0	0	28	33	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	20	34	19	12	2	2	33	32	3975
2020	Métis	14	25	40	18	4	0	0	21	39	55
2019	Indigenous	13	24	35	17	9	2	1	27	38	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	23	34	17	10	3	1	28	37	4260
2019	Métis	12	24	37	22	4	1	0	26	36	80

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	5	22	20	34	18	0	0	53	28	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	7	16	35	25	13	1	2	40	24	3385
2024	First Nation	6	21	9	34	30	0	0	64	26	35
2024	Métis	2	24	29	39	5	0	0	45	26	35
2022	Indigenous	10	14	23	31	19	1	1	51	25	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	12	37	28	14	1	3	44	18	3235
2022	First Nation	10	11	18	36	25	0	0	61	20	30
2022	Métis	12	17	24	27	17	3	0	45	30	40
2020	Indigenous	10	21	46	14	10	0	0	24	30	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	20	38	23	11	0	1	34	27	3990
2020	Métis	13	21	49	14	4	0	0	18	33	55
2019	Indigenous	19	20	33	15	12	0	1	27	40	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	23	35	20	10	1	1	31	34	4285
2019	Métis	22	21	34	13	8	0	1	22	44	80

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	6	32	16	17	28	0	38	45	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	10	27	21	24	16	2	38	40	3385
2024	First Nation	8	33	11	16	31	0	41	48	35
2024	Métis	2	32	21	21	23	0	35	44	35
2022	Indigenous	15	18	20	29	15	2	35	45	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	32	21	20	10	3	48	31	3235
2022	First Nation	23	21	22	18	11	5	46	31	30
2022	Métis	8	19	19	34	20	0	27	54	40
2020	Indigenous	15	26	25	24	7	1	42	32	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	37	21	16	6	2	56	23	3965
2020	Métis	12	31	23	25	7	2	44	33	55
2019	Indigenous	18	30	17	23	10	1	49	34	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	31	21	23	11	2	44	35	4260
2019	Métis	16	30	18	25	11	1	46	36	80

Diversity and inclusion

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	40	32	5	11	12	1	73	22	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	49	29	8	7	6	1	79	13	3380
2024	First Nation	37	22	7	17	14	2	60	33	35
2024	Métis	41	44	3	5	7	0	86	11	35
2022	Indigenous	39	34	7	5	15	0	73	20	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	30	7	7	5	1	81	12	3235
2022	First Nation	49	25	0	5	21	0	74	26	30
2022	Métis	33	34	15	5	13	0	67	18	40
2020	Indigenous	44	21	15	14	6	1	66	20	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	31	8	8	5	1	79	13	3990
2020	Métis	42	21	7	18	11	2	64	29	60
2019	Indigenous	54	19	10	13	4	1	73	17	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	30	8	9	6	1	76	16	4280
2019	Métis	50	22	12	11	3	1	73	14	80

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	41	33	6	19	1	74	20	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	52	32	6	6	3	84	10	3380
2024	First Nation	33	28	13	27	0	61	27	35
2024	Métis	47	38	0	13	2	84	16	35
2022	Indigenous	46	29	4	11	11	75	21	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	31	5	6	3	87	9	3235
2022	First Nation	57	19	0	8	16	77	23	30
2022	Métis	38	31	8	15	8	69	23	40
2020	Indigenous	49	33	13	4	1	82	5	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	32	7	6	2	84	8	3975
2020	Métis	47	37	11	5	0	84	5	60
2019	Indigenous	55	25	11	7	3	79	10	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	33	8	8	3	81	11	4275
2019	Métis	54	27	14	5	0	81	5	80

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	35	40	10	9	5	1	76	14	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	44	36	11	4	3	1	81	8	3380
2024	First Nation	40	25	10	12	11	2	67	23	35
2024	Métis	26	59	11	3	0	0	86	3	35
2022	Indigenous	42	31	11	5	12	0	73	17	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	35	11	4	2	1	83	7	3235
2022	First Nation	47	25	6	5	18	0	71	23	30
2022	Métis	39	33	16	6	6	0	71	12	40
2020	Indigenous	39	39	17	4	1	0	78	5	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	37	11	5	2	1	82	7	3960
2020	Métis	35	44	16	4	2	0	79	5	60
2019	Indigenous	47	37	8	5	2	1	85	7	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	39	11	5	3	1	80	8	4280
2019	Métis	45	41	10	3	1	0	87	3	80

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	37	26	11	13	13	0	63	27	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	28	39	15	8	7	3	69	15	3385
2024	First Nation	37	22	10	12	19	0	59	31	35
2024	Métis	33	32	13	17	6	0	65	23	35
2022	Indigenous	24	46	12	10	7	2	71	17	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	41	13	7	4	3	75	11	3240
2022	First Nation	30	36	14	6	12	2	67	18	30
2022	Métis	16	54	10	15	3	2	71	19	40
2020	Indigenous	37	33	18	9	3	1	70	12	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	41	14	5	2	2	78	8	3970
2020	Métis	39	31	14	12	4	0	70	16	60
2019	Indigenous	42	34	14	6	3	1	77	9	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	42	13	7	3	1	77	10	4265
2019	Métis	39	34	16	6	4	0	74	10	80

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	36	28	12	8	11	3	1	67	20	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	36	37	12	5	4	6	1	78	9	3385
2024	First Nation	39	24	9	9	16	3	0	65	26	35
2024	Métis	36	32	17	8	8	0	0	67	15	35
2022	Indigenous	38	30	16	7	5	3	0	70	13	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	38	11	5	2	6	1	81	7	3235
2022	First Nation	43	28	10	11	5	2	0	73	17	30
2022	Métis	32	33	22	3	6	5	0	69	9	40
2020	Indigenous	45	25	20	6	2	2	0	71	8	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	38	13	3	3	3	0	81	6	3980
2020	Métis	41	28	23	7	2	0	0	69	9	60
2019	Indigenous	44	30	18	5	3	1	0	75	8	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	38	12	4	2	3	0	81	6	4265
2019	Métis	43	29	21	4	1	1	0	73	5	80

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	44	33	5	9	8	0	77	17	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	39	38	10	7	5	0	78	12	3380
2024	First Nation	39	29	6	14	12	0	68	26	35
2024	Métis	44	40	6	5	5	0	84	10	35
2022	Indigenous	38	39	8	13	3	0	77	16	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	39	8	5	3	0	85	8	3240
2022	First Nation	41	34	5	17	3	0	76	20	30
2022	Métis	32	44	9	12	3	0	76	16	40
2020	Indigenous	49	28	13	5	3	1	78	8	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	34	9	4	2	0	85	7	3985
2020	Métis	49	26	14	7	4	0	76	11	60
2019	Indigenous	46	34	10	4	4	0	81	9	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	37	10	5	4	0	81	9	4275
2019	Métis	48	33	11	4	5	0	81	9	80

Anti-racism

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	45	21	9	11	7	4	2	70	20	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	38	27	11	6	6	7	5	73	14	3380
2024	First Nation	38	23	10	15	6	8	0	66	23	35
2024	Métis	55	18	10	9	6	0	3	75	15	35
2022	Indigenous	34	30	14	8	10	1	2	67	19	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	27	11	6	5	7	5	75	12	3235
2022	First Nation	26	29	18	12	11	0	3	57	24	30
2022	Métis	45	28	10	4	11	2	0	74	15	40

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	41	18	11	13	10	5	2	63	25	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	37	27	12	6	5	7	5	73	14	3385
2024	First Nation	33	19	13	15	12	8	0	56	29	35
2024	Métis	50	17	10	13	6	3	3	70	19	35
2022	Indigenous	32	33	10	7	13	3	2	69	20	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	28	12	6	4	7	5	75	12	3240
2022	First Nation	31	25	10	9	17	4	3	61	28	30
2022	Métis	35	38	10	4	11	2	0	75	15	40

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	27	17	25	8	10	11	1	51	21	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	30	27	19	4	3	15	2	68	9	3385
2024	First Nation	36	4	29	12	14	5	0	43	27	35
2024	Métis	18	31	24	5	8	14	0	57	15	35
2022	Indigenous	26	19	28	11	11	4	0	48	24	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	27	21	5	2	13	1	67	8	3240
2022	First Nation	26	14	40	3	14	3	0	41	18	30
2022	Métis	28	18	22	17	10	4	0	48	29	40
2020	Indigenous	39	20	23	9	4	4	2	62	14	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	35	16	5	2	6	0	75	7	3985
2020	Métis	39	19	30	5	2	2	3	61	7	60

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	42	22	14	14	5	1	2	66	19	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	38	31	9	6	5	6	4	77	13	3375
2024	First Nation	41	13	19	19	6	2	0	56	26	35
2024	Métis	45	31	11	11	0	0	3	78	11	35
2022	Indigenous	30	42	12	7	7	2	0	73	14	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	33	9	6	4	5	3	79	11	3235
2022	First Nation	30	35	15	14	6	0	0	65	20	30
2022	Métis	34	44	10	3	8	2	0	79	11	40
2020	Indigenous	47	21	15	10	4	3	0	71	14	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	32	11	5	3	3	1	80	9	3975
2020	Métis	48	21	14	10	4	3	0	71	15	60

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	7	9	36	7	11	26	5	22	25	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	9	15	24	4	5	36	7	43	15	3380
2024	First Nation	12	10	27	8	8	33	2	34	25	35
2024	Métis	2	5	51	6	12	22	3	9	23	35
2022	Indigenous	10	15	23	11	8	32	1	37	28	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	16	23	3	3	40	5	47	12	3235
2022	First Nation	16	16	28	18	11	12	0	36	32	30
2022	Métis	6	12	17	6	8	47	2	37	29	40

Question 72. Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination: I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	6	33	16	31	13	0	9	53	65

Ethical workplace

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	26	20	13	14	14	12	2	53	33	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	26	31	16	10	8	5	5	63	20	3380
2024	First Nation	26	9	13	23	16	11	2	40	45	35
2024	Métis	25	27	14	5	11	14	3	63	20	35
2022	Indigenous	24	26	16	11	14	5	3	55	27	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	31	16	8	6	6	6	65	16	3235
2022	First Nation	20	29	22	9	18	2	0	50	27	30
2022	Métis	27	23	13	14	13	8	2	55	31	40
2020	Indigenous	24	23	29	9	6	3	7	52	16	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	33	17	10	5	5	3	65	16	3990
2020	Métis	19	26	26	12	9	3	5	48	23	60
2019	Indigenous	28	31	15	11	7	5	2	64	20	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	31	16	11	7	4	3	63	20	4280
2019	Métis	29	31	16	10	8	5	1	63	20	80

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	24	42	7	16	7	4	0	69	24	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	25	38	14	11	7	3	1	66	19	3385
2024	First Nation	30	35	2	18	11	6	0	69	30	35
2024	Métis	15	53	14	13	5	0	0	68	18	35
2022	Indigenous	22	31	19	9	11	5	2	57	22	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	40	13	10	5	3	1	71	15	3240
2022	First Nation	24	24	22	22	3	3	3	51	26	30
2022	Métis	20	37	21	0	18	2	2	60	19	40
2020	Indigenous	31	39	15	9	4	0	2	72	13	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	41	13	7	3	2	1	76	10	3980
2020	Métis	32	38	10	10	5	0	4	73	16	60
2019	Indigenous	35	40	14	4	5	1	1	76	10	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	42	13	8	4	1	1	74	13	4270
2019	Métis	39	38	15	0	5	1	1	80	5	80

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	26	34	20	11	10	0	60	21	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	26	38	20	8	6	2	65	14	3380
2024	First Nation	31	34	10	14	12	0	65	25	35
2024	Métis	19	39	26	9	7	0	58	16	35
2022	Indigenous	26	34	26	3	11	1	60	14	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	39	18	6	3	2	71	10	3235
2022	First Nation	34	28	24	0	14	0	62	14	30
2022	Métis	19	40	23	5	10	2	60	16	40
2020	Indigenous	30	37	25	7	1	0	66	8	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	42	17	5	3	1	75	8	3980
2020	Métis	29	35	27	9	0	0	64	9	55
2019	Indigenous	33	41	13	6	5	2	76	12	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	40	18	6	4	1	71	10	4265
2019	Métis	33	40	17	5	4	1	74	9	75

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	18	23	14	15	22	6	2	44	40	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	18	27	17	13	13	8	2	51	30	3385
2024	First Nation	19	18	15	10	28	10	0	41	42	35
2024	Métis	13	28	15	21	15	3	5	45	39	35
2022	Indigenous	17	25	21	12	20	5	1	44	34	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	29	15	13	11	9	2	56	27	3235
2022	First Nation	23	23	11	12	24	4	3	49	39	30
2022	Métis	13	26	26	14	16	4	0	41	32	40
2020	Indigenous	15	29	16	21	13	5	2	48	36	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	29	18	13	9	6	1	56	25	3985
2020	Métis	12	30	12	19	16	7	3	47	39	55
2019	Indigenous	20	28	19	14	16	2	1	49	31	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	29	18	14	13	6	2	50	29	4265
2019	Métis	21	24	23	13	16	2	1	47	29	80

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	31	47	1	16	4	79	20	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	32	48	5	11	5	80	15	3380
2024	First Nation	34	43	0	16	7	77	23	35
2024	Métis	29	51	3	14	2	80	17	35
2022	Indigenous	38	42	6	12	2	79	15	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	44	4	7	2	87	9	3235
2022	First Nation	37	48	6	6	4	84	10	30
2022	Métis	38	34	8	19	2	71	21	40
2020	Indigenous	36	41	1	17	5	77	22	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	46	4	11	3	82	14	4000
2020	Métis	32	40	2	19	7	72	26	60

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	35	23	6	22	14	1	59	36	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	31	33	9	15	11	0	64	27	3375
2024	First Nation	36	15	3	29	16	2	52	45	35
2024	Métis	37	27	9	18	9	0	64	27	35
2022	Indigenous	42	31	10	13	3	1	74	16	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	38	8	8	4	0	80	13	3230
2022	First Nation	41	35	15	4	5	0	76	9	30
2022	Métis	39	26	8	23	2	2	67	25	40
2020	Indigenous	35	40	13	10	2	1	75	13	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	39	9	10	3	0	79	12	3995
2020	Métis	32	37	11	17	2	2	70	19	60
2019	Indigenous	49	30	7	9	4	0	80	13	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	38	7	10	3	0	80	13	4275
2019	Métis	49	28	10	8	4	0	78	12	80

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	38	32	11	9	10	0	71	19	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	39	37	9	9	5	0	76	15	3380
2024	First Nation	39	26	13	12	10	0	65	22	35
2024	Métis	39	38	10	5	7	0	78	12	35
2022	Indigenous	45	33	7	14	1	0	79	15	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	36	7	6	3	1	85	8	3240
2022	First Nation	52	34	3	9	2	0	86	11	30
2022	Métis	43	28	8	21	0	0	71	21	40
2020	Indigenous	41	39	9	10	0	1	81	10	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	38	8	5	2	0	84	8	3965
2020	Métis	37	39	9	14	0	2	77	14	55
2019	Indigenous	50	32	7	6	5	0	82	11	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	39	8	6	2	0	84	8	4250
2019	Métis	51	31	9	4	5	0	82	9	75

Use of official languages

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	73	11	8	4	5	0	83	9	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	71	15	4	3	3	3	89	6	3380
2024	First Nation	68	11	10	8	3	0	79	11	35
2024	Métis	74	12	7	0	8	0	86	8	35

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	65	16	9	2	6	1	83	8	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	66	17	5	5	3	3	86	8	3380
2024	First Nation	60	22	7	2	7	3	84	9	35
2024	Métis	69	13	10	2	6	0	82	8	35

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	85	9	3	0	1	2	96	1	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	82	10	2	1	1	3	95	3	3385
2024	First Nation	90	7	3	0	0	0	97	0	35
2024	Métis	83	10	0	0	3	4	97	3	35
2022	Indigenous	73	14	5	3	4	0	87	8	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	81	11	2	1	2	3	95	3	3240
2022	First Nation	72	14	3	6	4	0	86	10	30
2022	Métis	78	13	5	2	2	0	91	4	40
2019	Indigenous	82	8	4	2	3	1	91	5	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	80	10	3	2	1	3	94	3	4265
2019	Métis	82	9	4	0	4	1	92	4	75

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	25	17	22	12	5	16	2	52	21	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	35	23	13	6	4	14	6	72	12	3380
2024	First Nation	27	15	25	9	9	17	0	50	21	35
2024	Métis	23	23	22	11	3	15	5	56	16	35
2022	Indigenous	29	21	21	11	0	14	4	61	13	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	24	13	5	3	13	6	74	10	3235
2022	First Nation	26	14	27	9	0	20	4	53	12	30
2022	Métis	27	27	15	15	0	11	5	64	18	40
2020	Indigenous	23	21	10	13	9	16	8	58	29	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	22	11	6	4	14	6	74	12	4000
2020	Métis	24	21	5	12	9	21	9	63	29	60
2019	Indigenous	29	14	13	5	6	30	2	64	17	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	22	12	7	5	17	5	69	15	4280
2019	Métis	27	14	15	5	3	33	4	65	12	80

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	24	76	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	12	88	3385
2024	First Nation	36	64	35
2024	Métis	14	86	35
2022	Indigenous	19	81	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	3235
2022	First Nation	20	80	30
2022	Métis	20	80	40
2020	Indigenous	11	89	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	3995
2020	Métis	12	88	60
2019	Indigenous	13	87	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	4275
2019	Métis	9	91	80

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	50	50	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	44	56	385
2024	First Nation	56	44	10
2022	Indigenous	41	59	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	51	335
2019	Indigenous	46	54	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	50	485

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	67	33	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	49	51	385
2024	First Nation	61	39	10
2022	Indigenous	69	31	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	46	335
2019	Indigenous	71	29	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	44	485

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	7	93	385
2024	First Nation	0	100	10
2022	Indigenous	9	91	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	335
2019	Indigenous	0	100	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	485

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	100	15
2024	First Nation	100	10
2022	Indigenous	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	100	335

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	5	95	385
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	335

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	14	86	385
2022	Indigenous	16	84	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	335

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	100	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	7	93	385
2024	First Nation	0	100	10
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	335

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	54	46	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	40	60	385
2024	First Nation	56	44	10
2022	Indigenous	14	86	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	67	335
2019	Indigenous	56	44	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	61	480

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	45	55	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	36	64	385
2022	Indigenous	44	56	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	62	335
2019	Indigenous	36	64	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	60	480

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	43	57	385
2022	Indigenous	52	48	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	59	335
2019	Indigenous	50	50	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	55	480

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	28	72	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	36	64	385
2022	Indigenous	39	61	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	62	335
2019	Indigenous	49	51	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	63	480

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	34	66	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	29	71	385
2022	Indigenous	61	39	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	68	335
2019	Indigenous	39	61	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	72	480

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	76	24	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	46	54	385
2024	First Nation	79	21	10
2022	Indigenous	41	59	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	54	335

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	44	56	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	30	70	385
2024	First Nation	48	52	10
2022	Indigenous	33	67	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	335
2020	Indigenous	45	55	10
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	67	370
2019	Indigenous	38	62	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	68	480

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	100	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	2	98	385
2024	First Nation	0	100	10
2022	Indigenous	7	93	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	335

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	100	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	7	93	385
2024	First Nation	0	100	10
2022	Indigenous	7	93	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	335
2020	Indigenous	0	100	10
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	370

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	12	88	385
2024	First Nation	0	100	10
2022	Indigenous	8	92	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	335

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	54	46	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	47	53	385
2022	Indigenous	55	45	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	54	335
2019	Indigenous	49	51	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	54	480

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	25	75	385
2022	Indigenous	14	86	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	335
2019	Indigenous	34	66	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	73	480

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	17	83	385
2022	Indigenous	15	85	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	335

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	58	42	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	56	44	385
2024	First Nation	55	45	10
2022	Indigenous	49	51	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	51	335
2019	Indigenous	50	50	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	45	475

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	18	82	385
2022	Indigenous	15	85	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	79	335
2019	Indigenous	29	71	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	74	475

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	9	91	385
2022	Indigenous	25	75	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	335

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	33	67	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	19	81	385
2022	Indigenous	8	92	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	81	335
2020	Indigenous	46	54	10
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	82	370
2019	Indigenous	28	72	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	79	475

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	100	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	9	91	385
2024	First Nation	0	100	10
2022	Indigenous	6	94	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	335

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	9	91	385
2022	Indigenous	8	92	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	335

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	9	91	385
2022	Indigenous	13	87	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	335

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	7	93	385
2022	Indigenous	21	79	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	335

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	33	67	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	28	72	385
2022	Indigenous	31	69	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	71	335
2020	Indigenous	0	100	10
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	73	370
2019	Indigenous	27	73	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	75	475

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	10	90	350
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	310

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	24	76	350
2022	Indigenous	12	88	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	310

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	11	89	350
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	310

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	6	94	350
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	310

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	7	93	350
2022	Indigenous	10	90	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	310

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	100	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	6	94	350
2022	Indigenous	25	75	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	310

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	5	95	350
2022	Indigenous	7	93	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	310

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	100	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	87	350
2022	Indigenous	35	65	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	310

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	87	350
2022	Indigenous	33	67	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	310

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	33	67	350
2022	Indigenous	24	76	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	77	310

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	100	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	7	93	350
2022	Indigenous	16	84	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	310

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	66	34	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	44	56	350
2022	Indigenous	38	62	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	54	310

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Indigenous	7	93	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	310

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	52	48	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	55	45	350
2022	Indigenous	49	51	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	48	310

Question 62o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	100	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	4	96	350

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	15	85	350
2022	Indigenous	30	70	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	310

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	13	13	7	14	15	35	4	42	47	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	15	14	7	7	32	11	49	26	3385
2024	First Nation	16	9	8	12	15	41	0	42	45	35
2022	Indigenous	17	10	13	15	13	25	6	39	41	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	18	15	6	6	32	9	55	20	3240
2022	First Nation	25	6	6	6	16	34	8	53	37	30
2022	Métis	11	15	19	23	10	16	6	33	43	40
2020	Indigenous	24	17	19	10	9	15	7	53	23	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	20	18	7	5	22	6	58	17	3985
2020	Métis	27	17	15	12	9	9	10	55	26	60
2019	Indigenous	21	16	23	11	7	19	3	48	23	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	21	20	9	7	20	7	51	22	4285
2019	Métis	19	20	28	9	6	14	4	47	18	80

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	23	23	14	14	11	12	2	55	30	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	27	34	14	8	5	10	1	69	15	3380
2024	First Nation	24	23	15	19	12	8	0	51	33	35
2024	Métis	23	24	14	11	10	14	3	57	26	35
2022	Indigenous	25	27	18	9	12	8	1	57	23	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	36	14	6	4	9	1	74	11	3240
2022	First Nation	27	19	11	16	11	15	0	55	33	30
2022	Métis	24	30	25	2	14	2	2	56	17	40
2020	Indigenous	35	27	15	12	4	6	1	66	17	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	34	16	6	3	6	0	73	10	3990
2020	Métis	36	19	17	17	2	7	2	60	21	60
2019	Indigenous	34	27	22	9	3	5	0	65	12	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	33	17	7	5	5	1	70	12	4280
2019	Métis	37	27	21	8	3	3	0	66	12	80

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	13	87	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	8	92	3385
2024	First Nation	18	82	35
2022	Indigenous	11	89	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	3235
2020	Indigenous	9	91	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	3995
2020	First Nation	13	87	40
2019	Indigenous	11	89	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	4275
2019	Métis	9	91	80

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	25	75	280
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	70	225
2019	Indigenous	40	60	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	67	300

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	76	24	280
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	27	225

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	2	98	280
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	225
2019	Indigenous	0	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	3	97	300

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	225

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	4	96	280
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	225
2019	Indigenous	34	66	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	300

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	8	92	280
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	225

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	14	86	280
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	225

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	35	65	275
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	70	225
2019	Indigenous	53	47	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	72	295

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	23	77	275
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	225

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	23	77	275
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	225

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	12	88	275
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	225

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	21	79	275
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	225

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	28	72	275
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	225
2019	Indigenous	40	60	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	72	295

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	3	97	275
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	225

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	225

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	9	91	275
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	225

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	19	81	275
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	225

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	225

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	21	79	275
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	225

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	225

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	28	72	280
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	68	225
2019	Indigenous	46	54	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	73	290

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	7	93	280
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	225
2019	Indigenous	0	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	290

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	4	96	280
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	225
2019	Indigenous	0	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	290

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	18	82	280
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	225

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	3	97	280
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	225

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	5	95	280
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	225

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	4	96	280
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	225

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	5	95	280
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	225

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	57	43	280
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	49	225

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	5	95	265
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	205

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	87	265
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	81	205

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	2	98	265
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	205

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	205

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	4	96	265
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	205

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	3	97	265
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	205

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	4	96	265
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	205

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	10	90	265
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	205

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	7	93	265
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	205

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	23	77	265
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	205

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	4	96	265
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	205

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	37	63	265
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	56	205

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	205

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	63	37	265
2022	Non-Indigenous	64	36	205

Question 69o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	4	96	265

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	14	86	265
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	205

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	13	17	16	8	11	31	5	46	29	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	14	16	18	5	5	35	8	52	16	3385
2024	First Nation	13	16	16	12	15	28	0	41	37	35
2022	Indigenous	22	13	17	7	6	29	6	53	20	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	19	17	4	3	34	7	59	13	3235
2022	First Nation	31	5	12	6	8	33	5	58	22	30
2022	Métis	17	21	21	8	6	20	8	52	19	40
2020	Indigenous	29	18	24	6	2	18	3	60	10	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	20	19	4	3	28	6	62	10	3985
2020	Métis	32	17	28	7	0	12	3	59	8	60
2019	Indigenous	26	13	23	5	6	21	6	53	15	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	19	23	4	4	25	7	56	11	4275
2019	Métis	25	15	25	4	7	17	7	53	14	80

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	27	22	22	6	9	11	4	57	17	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	27	33	17	6	4	11	2	68	12	3380
2024	First Nation	28	18	31	7	11	6	0	48	19	35
2024	Métis	27	24	16	5	8	15	5	64	16	35
2022	Indigenous	28	23	19	10	7	12	0	58	20	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	36	16	5	3	10	1	74	9	3240
2022	First Nation	31	16	10	9	11	24	0	61	26	30
2022	Métis	27	25	29	12	6	2	0	52	18	40
2020	Indigenous	38	25	23	6	3	5	1	66	9	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	33	17	4	3	8	1	74	7	3985
2020	Métis	41	21	23	9	2	3	2	65	11	60
2019	Indigenous	40	22	25	4	4	5	0	65	9	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	33	18	4	3	7	1	73	8	4280
2019	Métis	41	21	25	3	5	5	0	65	8	80

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	21	79	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	16	84	3385
2024	First Nation	19	81	35
2024	Métis	26	74	35
2022	Indigenous	22	78	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	3235
2022	First Nation	22	78	30
2022	Métis	20	80	40
2020	Indigenous	21	79	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	3970
2020	Métis	24	76	60
2019	Indigenous	26	74	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	84	4280
2019	Métis	24	76	80

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	61	39	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	54	46	555
2022	Indigenous	50	50	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	47	370
2020	Indigenous	59	41	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	57	520

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	51	49	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	67	33	555
2022	Indigenous	81	19	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	74	26	370
2020	Indigenous	82	18	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	78	22	520
2019	Indigenous	86	14	35
2019	Non-Indigenous	82	18	695
2019	Métis	90	10	20

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	43	33	7	10	7	1	0	76	17	370
2022	Indigenous	48	47	5	0	0	0	0	95	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	35	7	7	2	1	0	83	10	275
2020	Indigenous	38	11	22	23	0	6	0	52	24	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	34	10	3	3	0	0	84	7	405
2019	Indigenous	54	23	13	7	0	0	3	79	7	30
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	31	7	7	4	1	0	81	11	565
2019	Métis	50	22	22	6	0	0	0	72	6	20

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	44	26	11	10	5	2	1	73	16	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	41	33	10	7	4	3	3	78	12	3385
2024	First Nation	48	26	5	7	11	2	0	76	19	35
2024	Métis	40	27	16	14	0	2	0	69	14	35
2022	Indigenous	45	29	8	9	6	2	2	77	15	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	33	9	6	2	4	3	81	9	3235
2022	First Nation	37	37	5	17	4	0	0	74	21	30
2022	Métis	46	24	12	3	8	3	4	76	12	40
2020	Indigenous	46	31	11	6	5	1	1	78	11	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	32	10	5	3	2	3	82	8	3990
2020	Métis	50	36	5	5	4	0	0	86	9	60

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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	56	26	8	8	2	0	0	82	10	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	53	29	7	5	5	1	0	83	10	3385
2024	First Nation	64	16	9	11	0	0	0	80	11	35
2024	Métis	48	38	7	7	0	0	0	86	7	35
2022	Indigenous	54	23	6	3	13	0	1	78	16	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	30	7	5	4	1	0	83	10	3240
2022	First Nation	53	21	2	0	21	0	2	76	22	30
2022	Métis	56	23	7	6	8	0	0	80	13	40
2020	Indigenous	50	25	13	3	7	2	0	77	10	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	30	8	6	4	1	0	81	11	3980
2020	Métis	55	26	9	2	7	2	0	82	9	60

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	5	10	14	7	42	7	14	63	19	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	5	6	12	8	37	6	25	67	16	3375
2024	First Nation	9	19	10	13	40	5	5	58	30	35
2024	Métis	2	2	20	2	48	11	15	67	6	35
2022	Indigenous	7	8	24	4	40	3	15	53	18	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	6	12	8	39	6	24	68	15	3225
2022	First Nation	8	9	23	2	36	0	21	49	22	30
2022	Métis	7	8	24	6	40	7	9	55	17	40

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	25	26	18	13	15	1	1	53	29	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	26	42	16	7	5	2	0	70	13	3385
2024	First Nation	24	16	21	18	21	0	0	40	39	35
2024	Métis	26	38	17	10	5	3	0	67	15	35
2022	Indigenous	22	40	19	9	9	1	0	63	18	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	45	13	7	3	2	0	77	10	3235
2022	First Nation	30	33	20	5	9	3	0	65	14	30
2022	Métis	17	43	18	12	10	0	0	60	22	40
2020	Indigenous	41	35	13	8	1	1	0	77	9	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	42	9	4	1	1	0	86	5	3990
2020	Métis	44	35	10	9	2	0	0	79	11	60
2019	Indigenous	37	34	23	2	2	2	0	73	4	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	41	15	7	3	2	0	75	9	4260
2019	Métis	37	31	27	1	0	4	0	71	1	80

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	7	16	36	23	18	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	10	26	36	20	7	3385
2024	First Nation	5	14	25	23	34	35
2024	Métis	6	20	47	24	3	35
2022	Indigenous	6	17	34	33	11	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	28	38	18	6	3240
2022	First Nation	5	7	27	47	14	30
2022	Métis	4	24	40	22	10	40

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	60	16	1	12	4	6	1	82	17	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	52	27	10	4	3	2	1	82	8	3385
2024	First Nation	60	11	0	19	2	8	0	77	23	35
2024	Métis	57	23	3	4	5	6	2	87	10	35
2022	Indigenous	45	25	15	6	8	0	0	71	14	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	29	10	4	2	3	1	82	7	3240
2022	First Nation	47	24	14	0	14	0	0	71	14	30
2022	Métis	40	31	15	11	3	0	0	71	14	40
2020	Indigenous	51	26	10	4	4	5	0	81	8	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	29	13	4	3	3	1	79	8	3985
2020	Métis	58	23	5	2	7	5	0	85	9	55

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	38	27	8	16	9	1	0	65	26	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	45	26	9	10	8	2	1	73	18	3385
2024	First Nation	37	24	11	15	14	0	0	61	28	35
2024	Métis	37	30	6	21	3	2	0	69	24	35
2022	Indigenous	46	23	8	7	16	0	0	69	23	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	27	10	10	7	2	0	72	18	3240
2022	First Nation	42	19	5	11	24	0	0	61	34	30
2022	Métis	50	29	8	3	10	0	0	78	13	40
2020	Indigenous	40	27	7	15	9	2	0	68	25	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	29	12	10	8	1	0	70	18	3990
2020	Métis	44	30	4	9	12	2	0	75	21	60

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	22	29	4	20	23	0	1	52	44	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	21	38	14	15	10	2	0	61	25	3385
2024	First Nation	25	25	4	14	32	0	0	50	46	35
2024	Métis	16	35	5	29	14	0	0	52	43	35
2022	Indigenous	23	33	18	5	21	0	0	56	26	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	41	14	10	6	1	0	69	16	3235
2022	First Nation	31	27	14	13	15	0	0	58	27	30
2022	Métis	16	37	18	0	29	0	0	53	29	40
2020	Indigenous	37	27	18	9	6	1	1	66	15	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	34	17	9	5	1	0	69	14	3995
2020	Métis	36	29	16	11	7	0	2	66	18	60
2019	Indigenous	33	27	19	13	6	1	0	61	20	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	37	19	13	7	1	0	61	21	4275
2019	Métis	35	27	19	11	6	2	0	63	17	80

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	8	44	10	29	9	0	0	51	38	20
2024	Non-Indigenous	16	53	12	13	5	0	1	70	18	845
2024	First Nation	16	34	0	41	10	0	0	50	50	10
2024	Métis	0	53	20	18	9	0	0	53	27	10
2022	Indigenous	11	49	8	24	8	0	0	60	32	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	50	13	12	3	1	0	71	16	800
2022	Métis	11	51	13	17	8	0	0	63	24	15
2020	Indigenous	25	59	4	0	12	0	0	84	12	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	49	14	10	2	1	0	74	12	900
2020	Métis	29	53	0	0	19	0	0	81	19	10
2019	Indigenous	49	22	6	11	12	0	0	71	23	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	44	15	16	5	2	2	63	21	985
2019	Métis	33	33	0	16	18	0	0	66	34	10

Work-related stress

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	22	35	11	9	23	0	0	22	78	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	29	31	19	9	10	1	2	30	70	3370
2024	First Nation	23	27	12	4	33	0	0	23	77	35
2024	Métis	20	48	9	12	11	0	0	20	80	35
2022	Indigenous	28	25	21	11	13	1	1			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	29	20	11	12	0	2			3225
2022	First Nation	30	32	16	13	7	3	0			30
2022	Métis	21	21	25	12	19	0	2			40
2020	Indigenous	23	29	19	13	15	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	29	24	11	9	0	0			3985
2020	Métis	19	26	24	17	14	0	0			60
2019	Indigenous	21	26	22	10	21	0	0			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	29	23	14	15	0	1			4285
2019	Métis	17	23	25	11	23	0	0			80

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	16	28	22	15	19	0	0	16	84	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	17	30	25	13	13	0	1	17	83	3370
2024	First Nation	12	37	19	17	15	0	0	12	88	35
2024	Métis	18	18	27	12	24	0	0	18	82	35
2022	Indigenous	19	29	26	9	17	0	0			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	28	27	15	11	0	1			3230
2022	First Nation	21	34	28	0	17	0	0			30
2022	Métis	16	22	27	18	18	0	0			40
2020	Indigenous	25	26	19	19	10	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	29	26	15	10	0	0			3990
2020	Métis	26	28	16	18	12	0	0			60
2019	Indigenous	30	34	21	10	5	0	0			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	30	26	14	9	0	0			4280
2019	Métis	30	35	21	8	6	0	0			80

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	31	34	11	13	11	0	0	31	69	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	27	34	20	9	7	1	2	28	72	3365
2024	First Nation	41	30	12	11	7	0	0	41	59	35
2024	Métis	20	41	11	14	13	0	0	20	80	35
2022	Indigenous	34	32	18	2	12	1	0			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	33	20	9	6	1	2			3220
2022	First Nation	39	31	16	6	8	0	0			30
2022	Métis	26	35	23	0	14	2	0			40
2020	Indigenous	36	31	16	10	6	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	33	20	8	5	0	1			3975
2020	Métis	40	24	21	11	5	0	0			60
2019	Indigenous	39	37	15	4	4	0	1			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	34	20	10	5	0	1			4260
2019	Métis	34	43	12	3	6	0	1			80

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	11	23	16	15	36	0	0	11	89	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	17	22	22	16	20	1	1	18	82	3375
2024	First Nation	12	30	12	12	34	0	0	12	88	35
2024	Métis	7	18	23	16	36	0	0	7	93	35
2022	Indigenous	21	25	13	9	31	0	1			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	23	23	17	17	1	1			3225
2022	First Nation	33	17	20	8	23	0	0			30
2022	Métis	7	35	7	9	41	0	2			40
2020	Indigenous	23	25	22	9	20	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	26	23	14	12	0	1			3975
2020	Métis	22	25	23	7	23	0	0			60
2019	Indigenous	30	24	25	8	12	0	0			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	25	23	16	16	0	1			4255
2019	Métis	27	27	25	10	11	0	0			80

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	53	13	18	6	3	0	7	57	43	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	46	25	11	5	4	0	7	50	50	3380
2024	First Nation	53	10	23	8	2	0	4	55	45	35
2024	Métis	50	18	14	5	2	0	11	56	44	35
2022	Indigenous	53	24	8	5	7	0	3			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	24	14	6	5	0	5			3230
2022	First Nation	61	26	6	5	2	0	0			30
2022	Métis	46	24	8	4	12	0	6			40
2020	Indigenous	48	24	15	6	6	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	26	13	6	5	0	3			3955
2020	Métis	49	25	13	5	7	0	0			55
2019	Indigenous	57	22	10	1	4	0	6			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	26	12	6	4	0	4			4265
2019	Métis	53	23	12	1	5	0	6			80

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	23	27	17	9	24	0	0	23	77	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	25	29	20	11	14	0	1	25	75	3380
2024	First Nation	30	25	20	2	24	0	0	30	70	35
2024	Métis	15	33	14	15	23	0	0	15	85	35
2022	Indigenous	28	34	18	7	13	0	0			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	30	22	10	10	0	1			3235
2022	First Nation	31	34	13	9	14	0	0			30
2022	Métis	23	32	26	6	13	0	0			40
2020	Indigenous	27	32	22	10	8	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	29	23	11	9	0	0			3985
2020	Métis	26	35	18	10	10	0	0			60
2019	Indigenous	34	26	20	10	9	0	0			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	31	21	10	8	0	1			4280
2019	Métis	34	28	19	11	9	0	0			80

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	27	31	13	9	18	0	2	28	72	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	26	32	21	9	8	1	2	27	73	3370
2024	First Nation	42	24	6	5	23	0	0	42	58	35
2024	Métis	9	38	20	15	14	0	5	9	91	35
2022	Indigenous	36	23	17	17	7	0	0			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	33	20	8	5	1	2			3225
2022	First Nation	42	21	12	13	12	0	0			30
2022	Métis	28	24	24	22	2	0	0			40
2020	Indigenous	32	29	26	10	1	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	35	20	7	4	1	1			3985
2020	Métis	24	36	26	14	0	0	0			60
2019	Indigenous	33	36	18	8	4	0	0			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	36	22	9	4	1	1			4270
2019	Métis	32	39	20	7	2	0	0			80

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	20	23	24	11	21	0	1	20	80	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	21	32	24	11	10	1	1	22	78	3380
2024	First Nation	27	30	10	11	21	0	0	27	73	35
2024	Métis	12	16	36	13	21	0	3	12	88	35
2022	Indigenous	26	21	21	11	16	0	4			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	33	22	10	7	1	1			3230
2022	First Nation	37	12	22	10	11	0	8			30
2022	Métis	17	28	19	14	20	0	2			40
2020	Indigenous	24	28	26	13	9	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	34	23	10	6	1	1			3985
2020	Métis	17	31	31	14	7	0	0			60
2019	Indigenous	28	35	19	7	10	0	1			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	32	24	13	7	1	0			4275
2019	Métis	27	34	21	7	10	0	1			80

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	33	19	14	8	25	0	0	33	67	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	29	30	19	10	9	1	1	30	70	3380
2024	First Nation	40	19	7	0	34	0	0	40	60	35
2024	Métis	28	20	14	19	19	0	0	28	72	35
2022	Indigenous	29	23	17	17	13	0	1			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	31	20	9	6	1	1			3230
2022	First Nation	34	21	13	20	11	0	0			30
2022	Métis	25	19	21	16	17	0	2			40
2020	Indigenous	27	25	23	18	6	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	33	20	10	5	0	1			3985
2020	Métis	17	32	26	19	5	0	0			60
2019	Indigenous	34	30	12	18	7	0	0			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	32	20	12	7	0	0			4270
2019	Métis	32	30	13	19	7	0	0			80

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	41	18	15	4	21	1	0	41	59	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	40	27	15	7	9	1	1	41	59	3375
2024	First Nation	45	13	8	3	30	2	0	46	54	35
2024	Métis	34	24	20	6	15	0	0	34	66	35
2022	Indigenous	40	22	19	12	7	0	1			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	27	15	7	7	1	1			3225
2022	First Nation	41	28	10	16	5	0	0			30
2022	Métis	31	21	30	10	6	0	2			40
2020	Indigenous	38	23	16	12	11	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	28	15	7	6	1	1			3955
2020	Métis	31	27	16	12	14	0	0			60
2019	Indigenous	43	31	11	9	6	0	0			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	30	15	9	7	1	1			4265
2019	Métis	40	35	14	7	4	0	0			80

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	62	10	14	7	6	1	1	63	37	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	50	26	11	5	5	1	2	51	49	3375
2024	First Nation	57	2	17	14	8	0	2	58	42	35
2024	Métis	65	16	12	0	5	2	0	66	34	35
2022	Indigenous	57	19	14	6	4	1	0			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	27	12	5	4	0	1			3230
2022	First Nation	70	8	8	8	6	0	0			30
2022	Métis	49	26	18	3	2	2	0			40
2020	Indigenous	24	31	20	15	9	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	32	21	9	5	0	1			3985
2020	Métis	26	32	17	16	9	0	0			60

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	29	34	15	10	11	0	1	29	71	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	28	30	21	10	9	1	1	29	71	3375
2024	First Nation	25	41	15	14	5	0	0	25	75	35
2024	Métis	32	31	11	8	16	0	3	33	67	35
2022	Indigenous	31	32	16	5	15	0	0			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	32	20	10	7	0	1			3225
2022	First Nation	45	31	12	6	6	0	0			30
2022	Métis	20	34	18	6	22	0	0			40
2020	Indigenous	23	25	27	15	8	1	1			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	32	22	12	8	0	0			3985
2020	Métis	25	30	31	9	5	0	0			55
2019	Indigenous	40	22	19	10	9	0	0			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	30	21	12	9	1	0			4255
2019	First Nation	36	27	15	13	9	0	0			40
2019	Métis	42	21	22	9	6	0	0			80

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	36	25	17	11	11	0	0	36	64	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	36	24	15	10	12	0	2	37	63	3375
2024	First Nation	38	14	22	18	8	0	0	38	62	35
2024	Métis	38	33	13	5	12	0	0	38	62	35
2022	Indigenous	65	17	6	6	7	0	0			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	26	12	5	5	0	2			3230
2022	First Nation	69	16	3	3	10	0	0			30
2022	Métis	60	18	7	10	5	0	0			40
2020	Indigenous	44	37	12	6	1	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	29	15	5	3	0	1			3970
2020	Métis	41	40	9	10	0	0	0			60
2019	Indigenous	60	25	7	6	1	0	0			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	27	13	5	3	0	1			4260
2019	Métis	61	30	5	5	0	0	0			80

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	46	30	11	8	5	0	0	46	54	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	37	35	15	6	6	0	1	37	63	3375
2024	First Nation	56	22	6	11	5	0	0	56	44	30
2024	Métis	40	34	18	6	2	0	0	40	60	35
2022	Indigenous	54	22	16	4	4	0	0			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	33	13	5	3	0	1			3230
2022	First Nation	54	19	21	6	0	0	0			30
2022	Métis	48	28	13	3	8	0	0			40
2020	Indigenous	28	38	23	6	5	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	37	21	8	4	0	0			3965
2020	Métis	24	38	28	5	5	0	0			60

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	67	19	2	1	4	1	5	72	28	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	67	14	5	2	2	1	9	74	26	3375
2024	First Nation	71	21	4	0	3	0	2	73	27	30
2024	Métis	59	21	2	3	5	2	9	66	34	35

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	59	18	9	3	6	1	4	62	38	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	59	16	7	4	6	1	7	64	36	3375
2024	First Nation	53	27	10	3	8	0	0	53	47	35
2024	Métis	60	12	9	2	5	2	9	68	32	35

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	65	12	7	8	5	2	1	67	33	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	69	13	5	3	4	1	5	73	27	3380
2024	First Nation	62	12	6	8	9	3	0	64	36	35
2024	Métis	63	13	10	9	2	0	3	65	35	35
2022	Indigenous	71	5	16	4	4	0	0			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	72	12	5	3	4	1	4			3225
2022	First Nation	72	3	18	5	3	0	0			30
2022	Métis	68	7	15	3	6	0	0			40
2020	Indigenous	72	12	9	4	2	1	1			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	76	12	5	2	3	1	2			3970
2020	Métis	72	14	5	4	4	0	2			60
2019	Indigenous	71	7	13	4	5	0	1			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	69	14	6	4	4	1	2			4275
2019	Métis	72	9	7	5	5	0	1			80

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	47	24	9	12	6	0	2	48	52	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	57	24	8	4	4	0	3	59	41	3375
2024	First Nation	34	35	6	15	11	0	0	34	66	35
2024	Métis	56	15	10	11	2	0	5	59	41	35
2022	Indigenous	64	19	5	4	9	0	0			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	61	23	8	3	3	0	2			3230
2022	First Nation	69	12	5	8	6	0	0			30
2022	Métis	55	25	6	2	12	0	0			40
2020	Indigenous	66	17	12	3	0	1	1			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	22	9	3	2	0	1			3965
2020	Métis	66	20	7	5	0	0	2			55
2019	Indigenous	48	33	7	8	4	0	0			125
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	28	11	5	3	0	1			4260
2019	Métis	48	36	7	7	1	0	0			75

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	55	18	4	9	11	0	2	57	43	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	60	19	8	4	6	0	2	62	38	3375
2024	First Nation	57	16	5	5	16	0	0	57	43	35
2024	Métis	52	23	2	15	2	0	5	55	45	35
2022	Indigenous	60	19	7	7	8	0	0			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	62	19	8	4	4	0	2			3220
2022	First Nation	60	12	5	11	12	0	0			30
2022	Métis	54	28	7	4	6	0	0			40
2020	Indigenous	66	10	13	7	4	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	65	18	8	4	4	0	1			3975
2020	Métis	67	10	9	9	5	0	0			60
2019	Indigenous	67	15	4	10	5	0	0			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	21	10	5	5	0	1			4255
2019	Métis	65	19	2	8	6	0	0			80

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	58	5	5	2	2	0	28	80	20	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	55	12	5	2	1	1	25	74	26	3370
2024	First Nation	62	5	6	2	2	0	23	81	19	35
2024	Métis	56	6	3	3	2	0	30	79	21	35
2022	Indigenous	57	7	6	4	3	1	21			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	58	12	3	2	1	0	24			3225
2022	First Nation	65	5	5	0	0	2	23			30
2022	Métis	51	8	5	8	6	0	22			40
2020	Indigenous	62	12	4	1	0	1	20			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	11	5	1	1	0	23			3980
2020	Métis	57	15	0	2	0	0	26			60
2019	Indigenous	64	16	1	2	1	1	16			125
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	12	5	2	1	1	24			4250
2019	Métis	60	22	0	2	1	1	13			80

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	58	20	11	2	5	0	4	60	40	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	60	21	8	3	2	1	6	64	36	3375
2024	First Nation	59	22	8	2	6	0	3	61	39	35
2024	Métis	58	21	13	3	0	0	6	61	39	35
2022	Indigenous	63	17	6	2	7	0	5			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	64	20	7	2	2	1	5			3220
2022	First Nation	75	16	2	0	0	0	6			30
2022	Métis	49	21	7	4	14	0	5			40
2020	Indigenous	71	14	11	1	2	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	66	21	7	2	1	0	3			4000
2020	Métis	77	11	7	2	3	0	0			60
2019	Indigenous	67	15	7	5	1	1	4			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	63	21	8	2	1	0	4			4255
2019	Métis	66	15	6	7	1	0	4			80

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	51	15	10	7	16	0	1	52	48	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	54	19	9	4	9	1	3	57	43	3380
2024	First Nation	47	22	14	3	15	0	0	47	53	35
2024	Métis	58	9	6	12	12	0	3	59	41	35
2022	Indigenous	67	17	5	2	5	0	3			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	67	16	6	3	4	1	3			3235
2022	First Nation	56	24	9	6	6	0	0			30
2022	Métis	72	15	3	0	6	0	5			40
2020	Indigenous	63	15	11	5	4	1	1			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	65	18	7	4	4	0	1			3985
2020	Métis	60	19	9	7	3	0	2			60
2019	Indigenous	62	20	7	2	9	0	1			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	62	17	8	4	6	0	2			4280
2019	Métis	63	18	9	2	8	0	0			80

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	42	26	12	8	12	0	1	42	58	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	45	30	13	4	4	0	3	47	53	3380
2024	First Nation	43	22	8	13	14	0	0	43	57	35
2024	Métis	43	29	14	4	7	0	3	45	55	35
2022	Indigenous	46	34	11	1	4	3	0			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	29	14	4	3	0	2			3230
2022	First Nation	54	22	14	0	6	4	0			30
2022	Métis	43	40	9	3	2	3	0			40
2020	Indigenous	39	25	26	7	2	1	0			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	33	15	5	3	0	1			3990
2020	Métis	38	30	26	7	0	0	0			60
2019	Indigenous	50	31	16	2	2	0	1			130
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	30	13	4	2	0	1			4270
2019	Métis	48	35	13	1	1	0	1			80

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	5	23	32	27	13	0	1	28	40	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	9	29	41	13	8	0	0	38	21	3385
2024	First Nation	7	27	18	30	18	0	0	34	48	35
2024	Métis	2	20	45	26	6	0	0	23	32	35
2022	Indigenous	5	34	32	11	19	0	0	39	29	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	33	40	12	5	0	0	43	17	3240
2022	First Nation	10	27	30	10	23	0	0	37	33	30
2022	Métis	2	35	32	12	18	0	0	37	31	40
2020	Indigenous	10	32	35	16	5	2	0	43	21	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	35	35	12	4	0	0	48	17	3995
2020	Métis	3	38	36	16	7	0	0	41	23	60
2019	Indigenous	17	40	30	11	2	0	0	56	14	130
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	34	35	11	4	0	0	50	15	4285
2019	Métis	15	46	28	9	1	0	0	61	10	80

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	25	25	30	12	7	1	19	51	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	11	22	39	18	8	0	26	34	3375
2024	First Nation	30	28	28	7	7	0	14	58	35
2024	Métis	19	26	29	19	7	0	26	45	35
2022	Indigenous	19	26	31	15	9	0	24	46	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	18	41	22	10	0	33	26	3230
2022	First Nation	17	33	24	9	16	0	26	51	30
2022	Métis	25	25	32	16	2	0	18	49	40
2020	Indigenous	8	29	34	22	5	2	28	38	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	19	41	22	9	0	31	28	3985
2020	Métis	9	27	38	24	2	0	26	36	60
2019	Indigenous	12	18	39	18	13	0	32	29	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	18	40	24	9	0	33	27	4255
2019	Métis	10	15	46	16	13	0	29	25	75

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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	26	57	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	21	61	3385
2024	First Nation	23	54	35
2024	Métis	24	66	35
2022	Indigenous	33	54	75
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	58	3240
2022	First Nation	25	58	30
2022	Métis	37	51	40
2020	Indigenous	40	41	105
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	45	4005
2020	Métis	48	36	60

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	31	69	20
2024	Non-Indigenous	49	51	720
2022	Indigenous	25	75	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	57	815
2022	Métis	26	74	15
2020	Indigenous	30	70	45
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	66	1325
2020	Métis	32	68	30

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	42	16	10	4	10	4	13	51	49	75
2024	Non-Indigenous	44	17	10	4	5	4	17	55	45	3380
2024	First Nation	47	8	12	6	11	3	14	56	44	35
2024	Métis	42	21	10	3	10	0	15	49	51	35
2022	Indigenous	31	22	14	12	7	4	9			75
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	18	11	4	5	3	15			3240
2022	First Nation	26	32	16	9	3	3	12			30
2022	Métis	34	15	15	14	10	5	7			40
2020	Indigenous	39	19	12	11	12	3	4			105
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	21	13	7	6	2	9			3995
2020	Métis	39	21	10	9	14	2	5			60
2019	Indigenous	39	10	21	11	11	0	8			125
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	20	15	8	9	1	7			4240
2019	Métis	37	12	19	9	14	0	10			80

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	15	15	12	6	36	5	11	36	49	20
2024	Non-Indigenous	10	20	18	18	27	2	5	32	48	720
2022	Indigenous	0	11	13	22	54	0	0	11	76	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	22	15	18	28	1	5	35	49	815
2022	Métis	0	5	16	15	63	0	0	5	78	15
2020	Indigenous	7	16	14	24	35	2	2	24	61	45
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	18	18	22	28	1	5	28	53	1325
2020	Métis	7	22	7	22	37	4	2	31	62	30

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	16	16	21	36	5	5	18	64	20
2024	Non-Indigenous	7	17	17	22	34	2	3	25	58	715
2022	Indigenous	0	13	3	27	46	0	11	14	82	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	18	14	24	32	2	4	25	60	815
2022	Métis	0	16	0	21	62	0	0	16	84	15
2020	Indigenous	2	7	24	18	44	0	5	10	65	45
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	15	17	21	38	1	2	21	61	1325
2020	Métis	4	11	18	17	44	0	7	16	65	30

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Canadian Food Inspection Agency by Question 113. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 72. Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination: I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored