2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Canada Border Services Agency by Question 113. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Table of contents

Top of page

Employee engagement

Employee engagement

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 28 14 11 18 0 0 56 30 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 36 14 10 12 0 0 64 22 5975
2024 First Nation 37 24 11 13 15 1 0 61 28 100
2024 Métis 22 29 17 13 20 0 0 50 32 125
2022 Indigenous 23 32 15 12 18 0 0 55 30 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 37 13 9 10 0 0 67 20 6495
2022 First Nation 29 28 18 12 13 0 0 57 25 95
2022 Métis 19 35 15 11 19 0 0 55 31 130
2020 Indigenous 37 28 11 13 11 0 0 65 23 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 37 13 10 7 0 0 70 17 7510
2020 Métis 29 31 13 14 12 0 0 60 27 165
2019 Indigenous 30 32 14 11 12 0 0 63 23 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 39 13 10 8 0 0 69 18 6910
2019 Métis 25 31 19 15 9 1 0 56 24 145

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 26 10 13 31 0 0 46 45 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 31 15 14 17 0 0 54 32 5970
2024 First Nation 25 25 7 11 32 0 0 49 43 100
2024 Métis 17 23 13 14 34 0 0 40 47 125
2022 Indigenous 20 24 14 18 24 0 0 44 42 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 31 14 13 16 0 0 57 29 6490
2022 First Nation 21 32 14 15 18 0 0 53 33 95
2022 Métis 17 22 16 17 27 0 0 39 45 130
2020 Indigenous 25 33 9 11 22 0 0 58 33 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 33 14 13 13 0 0 60 26 7485
2020 Métis 22 30 8 15 25 1 0 52 40 165
2019 Indigenous 22 25 15 14 23 0 0 47 38 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 32 16 15 14 0 0 55 29 6870
2019 Métis 18 26 15 16 24 0 1 43 41 145

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 41 31 12 4 12 0 0 72 16 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 33 12 6 6 0 0 76 12 5975
2024 First Nation 43 27 12 6 11 0 1 70 17 100
2024 Métis 43 32 13 3 9 0 0 75 12 125
2022 Indigenous 39 27 17 10 8 0 0 65 18 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 34 12 5 5 0 0 78 10 6490
2022 First Nation 42 25 14 11 8 0 0 67 20 95
2022 Métis 36 29 17 11 6 0 0 66 17 130
2020 Indigenous 51 28 8 7 5 0 0 80 12 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 33 10 4 3 0 0 82 8 7450
2020 Métis 49 31 6 8 6 1 0 81 14 160
2019 Indigenous 50 29 10 6 6 0 0 79 12 275
2019 Non-Indigenous 47 34 11 5 3 0 0 81 8 6840
2019 Métis 42 36 10 8 3 0 1 79 11 145

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 35 13 14 10 0 0 63 24 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 39 14 7 7 0 0 71 15 5975
2024 First Nation 29 36 11 17 8 0 0 65 24 100
2024 Métis 25 35 14 16 8 1 0 61 25 125
2022 Indigenous 28 33 19 9 10 0 0 61 20 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 38 13 7 6 0 0 73 14 6495
2022 First Nation 38 30 11 13 9 0 0 67 21 95
2022 Métis 24 37 22 8 10 0 0 60 18 130
2020 Indigenous 42 32 11 9 5 0 0 74 15 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 37 12 7 4 0 0 78 11 7505
2020 Métis 36 36 11 12 5 0 0 72 17 160
2019 Indigenous 38 36 11 9 7 0 0 73 16 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 39 12 8 5 0 0 75 12 6905
2019 Métis 31 40 15 9 5 0 0 71 14 145

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 18 21 13 18 31 0 0 38 49 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 27 17 16 19 0 0 48 35 5975
2024 First Nation 20 19 14 14 34 0 0 39 47 100
2024 Métis 17 19 16 19 30 0 0 36 49 125
2022 Indigenous 24 20 18 14 24 0 0 44 38 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 29 16 14 16 0 0 53 30 6500
2022 First Nation 35 20 15 8 22 0 0 55 30 95
2022 Métis 17 18 25 14 25 1 0 36 39 130
2020 Indigenous 27 24 16 12 21 0 0 51 33 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 30 18 13 11 0 0 58 24 7485
2020 Métis 22 23 17 13 24 0 0 45 38 165
2019 Indigenous 23 24 17 16 20 0 0 47 36 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 28 19 14 14 1 0 52 29 6885
2019 Métis 14 28 20 21 18 0 0 42 38 145

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 16 24 11 17 32 0 0 40 49 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 28 16 17 19 0 0 48 36 5975
2024 First Nation 15 23 12 18 32 0 0 38 50 100
2024 Métis 16 22 12 17 32 0 0 39 49 125
2022 Indigenous 21 24 13 16 26 0 0 45 42 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 30 15 16 16 0 0 53 32 6495
2022 First Nation 31 26 5 14 24 0 0 57 38 95
2022 Métis 16 23 19 15 27 1 0 39 42 130
2020 Indigenous 26 24 16 15 18 0 0 51 33 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 33 16 14 11 0 0 59 24 7440
2020 Métis 22 24 17 16 21 1 0 46 37 160
2019 Indigenous 22 22 20 18 17 0 0 44 36 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 30 18 16 14 0 0 52 30 6870
2019 Métis 14 25 25 20 16 0 0 39 36 145

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 11 16 20 30 3 0 33 51 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 23 17 15 18 5 1 47 35 5975
2024 First Nation 21 13 18 12 33 3 0 36 46 100
2024 Métis 21 11 12 28 25 3 0 32 55 125
2022 Indigenous 18 20 15 19 24 4 0 39 45 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 23 16 15 18 4 0 49 34 6495
2022 First Nation 23 18 17 19 22 1 0 41 41 95
2022 Métis 14 23 15 18 25 5 0 39 45 130
2020 Indigenous 25 21 20 14 17 3 1 48 32 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 25 18 14 12 3 0 55 26 7500
2020 Métis 20 24 21 13 17 4 1 46 32 165
2019 Indigenous 24 19 15 16 24 2 0 44 40 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 24 18 16 15 3 0 49 32 6900
2019 Métis 22 20 15 18 21 3 0 44 40 145
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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 26 11 7 16 1 4 64 24 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 26 16 6 7 1 6 68 14 5970
2024 First Nation 49 16 7 10 15 1 1 67 26 100
2024 Métis 27 31 15 4 17 1 6 61 22 125
2022 Indigenous 33 27 15 8 11 2 4 64 20 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 28 15 5 6 1 6 71 13 6490
2022 First Nation 37 31 15 8 7 0 2 70 15 95
2022 Métis 29 24 19 9 12 2 4 57 23 130
2020 Indigenous 39 22 14 8 10 1 5 66 20 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 26 16 6 5 1 4 72 12 7500
2020 Métis 36 23 13 6 14 2 6 64 22 165
2019 Indigenous 31 25 22 7 11 1 3 59 18 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 28 18 7 6 1 4 67 14 6910
2019 Métis 29 27 22 8 10 1 4 59 19 145

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 30 9 9 18 0 0 64 27 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 30 12 9 9 1 1 69 19 5965
2024 First Nation 43 27 8 8 12 0 1 70 21 100
2024 Métis 29 28 11 8 23 0 0 58 31 125
2022 Indigenous 35 24 14 9 17 0 0 60 26 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 30 12 9 9 0 1 70 18 6470
2022 First Nation 45 25 15 5 10 0 1 70 15 95
2022 Métis 29 25 13 12 20 0 1 55 32 130
2020 Indigenous 41 22 14 11 12 1 0 64 23 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 30 11 8 7 1 1 73 15 7500
2020 Métis 36 21 18 11 12 1 1 58 24 165
2019 Indigenous 32 29 13 10 15 1 0 62 26 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 31 13 11 8 0 1 67 19 6860
2019 Métis 29 27 14 13 15 1 0 57 29 145

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 41 24 9 6 18 1 0 66 25 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 27 12 8 10 0 0 70 18 5975
2024 First Nation 51 15 11 8 15 0 0 66 23 100
2024 Métis 34 31 9 7 19 1 0 65 26 125
2022 Indigenous 36 29 12 10 13 0 0 65 23 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 27 12 8 9 0 0 72 16 6495
2022 First Nation 36 41 9 5 9 0 0 76 15 95
2022 Métis 38 22 15 11 14 0 0 60 25 130
2020 Indigenous 48 21 11 7 11 0 2 71 18 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 26 10 7 7 0 1 75 14 7510
2020 Métis 44 19 14 10 10 1 3 65 21 165
2019 Indigenous 40 23 9 13 14 1 0 63 28 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 29 13 9 8 0 0 69 18 6900
2019 Métis 33 26 10 17 14 1 0 59 31 145

Senior management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 18 21 8 12 37 3 0 41 51 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 22 14 14 23 6 0 45 40 5970
2024 First Nation 21 22 9 13 34 1 0 43 48 100
2024 Métis 14 22 9 11 41 3 0 37 54 125
2022 Indigenous 22 19 12 15 27 5 0 43 44 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 24 15 12 18 7 0 51 33 6500
2022 First Nation 29 18 12 14 20 6 1 51 37 95
2022 Métis 17 19 14 16 29 5 0 39 47 130
2020 Indigenous 27 21 15 12 21 4 0 50 35 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 26 16 11 13 7 0 58 25 7515
2020 Métis 25 19 14 11 26 6 0 46 39 165
2019 Indigenous 23 25 14 13 22 4 0 49 36 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 28 17 13 15 5 0 52 29 6900
2019 Métis 14 28 17 14 23 4 0 44 38 145

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 22 9 13 42 0 0 35 56 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 20 14 17 31 2 0 37 48 5975
2024 First Nation 10 25 12 12 41 0 0 35 53 100
2024 Métis 11 20 10 13 45 1 0 31 59 125
2022 Indigenous 15 18 15 12 39 0 0 33 51 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 23 15 16 25 2 0 42 42 6490
2022 First Nation 21 18 16 12 31 0 1 40 43 95
2022 Métis 9 19 16 13 41 1 0 29 54 130
2020 Indigenous 24 22 14 14 24 1 0 46 39 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 28 16 15 17 2 0 51 32 7495
2020 Métis 22 20 15 15 27 1 0 42 43 165
2019 Indigenous 20 22 16 16 25 1 0 43 41 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 26 17 17 20 2 0 45 38 6885
2019 Métis 14 22 19 17 27 1 0 36 45 145

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 19 8 17 44 1 0 30 62 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 17 16 19 33 4 0 30 54 5970
2024 First Nation 9 19 8 17 46 0 0 29 63 100
2024 Métis 10 17 8 17 45 2 0 28 64 125
2022 Indigenous 11 17 12 17 41 2 0 29 59 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 19 16 19 28 4 0 35 48 6495
2022 First Nation 17 16 15 19 32 0 1 33 52 95
2022 Métis 5 18 14 15 43 5 0 24 61 130
2020 Indigenous 18 19 16 18 26 3 0 38 45 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 16 25 18 18 18 4 0 44 38 7485
2020 Métis 15 20 17 18 29 1 0 35 48 160
2019 Indigenous 15 17 17 19 30 2 0 32 50 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 22 19 20 23 4 0 36 45 6880
2019 Métis 7 18 20 19 30 5 0 26 52 145

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 19 9 17 41 3 0 30 60 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 20 15 18 31 2 0 34 51 5975
2024 First Nation 7 19 5 25 43 1 0 27 68 100
2024 Métis 11 17 13 12 42 4 0 29 57 125
2022 Indigenous 11 18 10 23 36 1 0 30 60 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 22 15 18 28 2 0 38 47 6495
2022 First Nation 15 19 11 23 31 0 1 34 55 95
2022 Métis 8 18 9 25 38 2 0 27 64 130
2020 Indigenous 15 25 18 16 25 1 0 41 41 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 28 16 18 18 2 0 46 37 7510
2020 Métis 12 26 17 16 27 1 0 38 44 160
2019 Indigenous 13 17 17 23 28 1 0 30 52 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 24 17 20 24 2 0 37 45 6890
2019 Métis 8 18 20 22 29 3 0 27 53 145
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Workforce

Performance management

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 19 24 10 15 32 0 0 44 47 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 23 29 15 14 18 0 0 52 33 5980
2024 First Nation 23 27 4 14 32 0 0 51 46 100
2024 Métis 15 21 13 15 34 1 0 37 49 125
2022 Indigenous 19 26 19 13 23 0 0 45 36 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 29 14 13 18 0 0 55 31 6500
2022 First Nation 22 25 24 15 13 0 0 47 28 95
2022 Métis 16 30 16 11 27 0 0 46 38 130
2020 Indigenous 24 32 12 12 20 0 0 56 32 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 32 15 14 12 0 0 59 26 7505
2020 Métis 19 30 15 11 24 0 0 49 36 165
2019 Indigenous 17 30 13 18 22 0 0 47 39 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 32 16 16 15 0 0 53 31 6895
2019 Métis 13 31 14 18 23 0 1 44 42 145

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 23 38 11 15 13 0 0 61 28 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 39 13 13 9 0 0 66 22 5975
2024 First Nation 34 32 9 12 14 0 0 66 26 100
2024 Métis 14 43 14 17 13 0 0 57 29 125
2022 Indigenous 23 36 15 16 9 0 0 59 26 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 41 12 12 8 0 0 68 20 6495
2022 First Nation 24 38 12 16 9 0 0 63 25 95
2022 Métis 25 33 17 15 11 0 0 58 25 130
2020 Indigenous 30 34 12 16 8 0 0 64 24 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 39 14 12 6 0 0 68 18 7450
2020 Métis 26 36 16 14 8 0 0 62 23 160
2019 Indigenous 19 36 15 17 12 0 0 56 29 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 39 15 14 8 0 0 64 22 6865
2019 Métis 20 34 14 19 12 0 1 55 31 145

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 27 10 10 18 0 0 62 28 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 31 12 10 11 0 0 66 21 5975
2024 First Nation 44 24 6 12 13 1 0 69 25 100
2024 Métis 30 27 12 10 21 0 0 57 31 125
2022 Indigenous 29 29 18 10 15 0 0 58 25 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 30 12 11 10 0 0 67 21 6490
2022 First Nation 34 29 22 7 8 0 0 63 15 95
2022 Métis 25 31 16 12 16 0 0 56 28 130
2020 Indigenous 39 23 11 12 13 1 0 63 26 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 30 12 9 8 0 1 70 18 7500
2020 Métis 32 23 14 15 14 1 1 56 29 165
2019 Indigenous 31 27 15 12 14 1 0 58 26 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 30 15 11 10 0 0 64 21 6900
2019 Métis 29 26 13 14 16 1 0 56 30 145

Job fit and development

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 15 32 13 15 25 0 0 47 40 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 33 12 20 16 0 0 52 36 5970
2024 First Nation 18 37 8 13 24 0 0 55 37 100
2024 Métis 11 33 13 18 26 0 0 43 44 125
2022 Indigenous 17 35 9 20 19 0 0 52 39 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 36 12 19 13 0 0 57 32 6485
2022 First Nation 24 32 10 16 17 0 0 56 33 95
2022 Métis 12 37 8 22 22 0 0 49 44 130
2020 Indigenous 24 31 15 18 10 0 1 56 29 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 24 37 13 17 8 0 0 62 25 7480
2020 Métis 17 31 17 25 10 0 1 48 34 160
2019 Indigenous 16 36 12 19 16 0 0 52 36 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 37 14 20 11 0 0 55 31 6880
2019 Métis 13 30 12 25 19 0 1 44 44 145

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 23 14 5 19 1 1 62 24 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 24 14 7 10 2 1 68 18 5965
2024 First Nation 47 21 14 2 15 0 1 69 16 100
2024 Métis 36 22 15 6 20 0 0 59 26 125
2022 Indigenous 35 28 10 8 18 1 0 63 26 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 24 13 7 9 2 1 69 17 6485
2022 First Nation 44 23 12 4 14 2 0 69 18 95
2022 Métis 29 32 11 10 19 0 0 61 28 130
2020 Indigenous 45 17 14 7 13 2 1 65 21 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 24 15 7 8 1 2 69 16 7490
2020 Métis 41 17 12 9 15 4 2 62 25 165

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 15 17 12 11 43 2 0 33 55 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 23 18 18 25 2 0 39 44 5975
2024 First Nation 18 17 13 11 38 4 0 36 51 100
2024 Métis 14 15 12 12 45 2 0 30 58 125
2022 Indigenous 14 24 15 15 31 0 0 38 47 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 25 17 16 22 2 0 43 39 6495
2022 First Nation 19 26 13 17 23 1 0 46 41 95
2022 Métis 11 24 16 15 33 0 1 35 48 130
2020 Indigenous 18 22 12 19 24 3 2 42 45 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 28 19 17 17 2 0 46 35 7495
2020 Métis 15 22 12 20 27 3 1 39 49 165
2019 Indigenous 13 22 15 22 28 0 0 34 50 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 24 18 19 22 2 0 40 42 6880
2019 Métis 8 21 17 25 27 0 1 29 53 145

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 24 16 9 13 1 5 35 65 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 23 16 7 10 1 5 39 61 5975
2024 First Nation 38 27 16 6 8 1 4 39 61 100
2024 Métis 32 22 14 11 14 1 5 35 65 125
2022 Indigenous 30 25 17 13 12 0 3 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 23 16 8 9 1 6 6495
2022 First Nation 41 26 14 9 9 1 0 95
2022 Métis 22 25 20 15 13 0 4 130
2020 Indigenous 43 22 13 9 10 1 2 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 23 15 7 5 1 4 7520
2020 Métis 39 23 14 8 9 2 3 165
2019 Indigenous 38 24 19 9 6 0 3 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 24 17 7 6 1 4 6895
2019 Métis 39 25 18 10 6 0 1 145

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 54 7 6 4 9 2 17 67 33 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 50 10 7 4 8 3 18 63 37 5975
2024 First Nation 55 5 6 3 11 2 19 69 31 100
2024 Métis 53 5 5 4 7 4 21 71 29 125

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 53 11 8 6 16 3 5 57 43 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 59 12 7 4 7 5 7 67 33 5970
2024 First Nation 58 10 5 3 19 3 2 61 39 100
2024 Métis 49 13 9 7 13 2 6 54 46 125
2022 Indigenous 53 15 10 4 13 3 2 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 62 11 7 4 6 4 6 6495
2022 First Nation 62 12 4 2 12 6 0 95
2022 Métis 51 11 15 5 11 4 4 130
2020 Indigenous 55 10 12 6 10 3 3 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 67 11 6 4 5 3 4 7485
2020 Métis 54 10 10 7 10 4 5 165
2019 Indigenous 55 15 10 5 10 2 3 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 64 12 7 3 5 4 5 6880
2019 Métis 60 16 11 6 4 1 2 145

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 57 8 8 4 9 3 11 67 33 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 64 8 4 2 4 3 15 78 22 5970
2024 First Nation 65 7 4 0 12 3 9 74 26 100
2024 Métis 53 7 10 5 5 5 15 66 34 125

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 47 11 12 6 15 1 8 52 48 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 54 11 8 5 8 2 12 63 37 5975
2024 First Nation 50 10 14 3 13 2 8 55 45 100
2024 Métis 44 11 12 6 16 1 10 49 51 125

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 23 8 13 39 2 1 38 54 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 28 12 17 24 2 3 45 43 5970
2024 First Nation 15 22 10 15 35 3 0 38 51 100
2024 Métis 13 22 9 11 43 2 1 36 55 125
2022 Indigenous 15 25 9 16 33 1 0 41 50 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 30 12 16 21 2 2 49 39 6495
2022 First Nation 19 30 11 12 27 1 0 49 40 95
2022 Métis 13 20 10 21 33 1 1 34 55 130
2020 Indigenous 15 21 13 14 31 5 2 39 48 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 25 15 17 21 2 2 45 40 7510
2020 Métis 13 22 11 14 33 4 2 38 50 160
2019 Indigenous 15 25 11 14 34 0 1 40 48 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 15 23 16 17 26 2 2 40 44 6910
2019 Métis 10 28 15 12 35 0 0 39 47 145

Empowerment

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 17 29 10 15 30 0 0 46 45 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 32 14 14 18 0 0 54 33 5975
2024 First Nation 22 28 10 11 28 0 0 50 39 100
2024 Métis 13 30 6 17 34 0 0 43 51 125
2022 Indigenous 20 26 11 17 26 0 0 45 44 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 32 13 14 16 0 0 57 29 6490
2022 First Nation 28 26 13 12 20 0 0 54 33 95
2022 Métis 14 25 10 22 28 0 0 40 51 130
2020 Indigenous 28 26 15 16 15 0 0 54 31 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 35 14 12 11 0 0 62 24 7465
2020 Métis 23 25 17 16 19 0 0 48 35 160
2019 Indigenous 21 29 11 16 22 0 0 50 38 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 35 15 15 13 0 0 57 29 6875
2019 Métis 16 31 9 21 22 0 1 47 44 145

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 26 16 11 26 0 0 47 37 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 31 16 12 15 0 0 56 28 5975
2024 First Nation 32 20 16 13 19 0 0 52 32 100
2024 Métis 14 30 16 10 31 0 0 43 41 125
2022 Indigenous 25 23 12 16 23 0 0 48 40 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 31 15 12 14 0 0 59 26 6490
2022 First Nation 32 23 12 13 20 0 0 55 34 95
2022 Métis 19 26 12 19 24 0 0 46 43 130
2020 Indigenous 34 24 14 12 16 0 0 58 28 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 32 16 11 11 0 0 62 22 7495
2020 Métis 30 23 14 13 19 0 0 54 32 165
2019 Indigenous 25 29 11 15 19 0 0 55 34 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 26 30 17 14 13 0 0 56 27 6890
2019 Métis 20 31 11 17 20 0 1 51 37 145

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 25 17 13 22 0 0 47 35 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 32 17 13 12 0 0 58 26 5975
2024 First Nation 23 27 17 9 25 0 0 49 33 100
2024 Métis 21 24 14 18 23 0 0 45 41 125
2022 Indigenous 23 29 16 13 19 0 0 53 31 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 32 17 12 11 0 0 60 23 6485
2022 First Nation 33 22 15 14 16 0 0 55 30 95
2022 Métis 17 34 18 10 21 0 0 51 31 130
2020 Indigenous 31 34 13 12 10 0 0 65 22 280
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 38 16 11 6 0 0 67 17 7415
2020 Métis 26 33 18 12 11 0 0 59 22 160
2019 Indigenous 21 34 15 12 17 1 0 55 29 275
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 37 17 13 8 0 0 61 22 6790
2019 Métis 16 32 16 17 17 2 0 49 35 140

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 24 16 15 30 2 0 38 46 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 29 20 16 17 3 1 45 34 5970
2024 First Nation 18 21 15 16 29 2 0 40 45 100
2024 Métis 8 23 18 17 32 1 0 31 50 125
2022 Indigenous 16 25 17 17 23 2 0 42 41 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 33 19 15 14 3 0 50 31 6495
2022 First Nation 22 21 25 12 18 2 0 44 31 95
2022 Métis 14 27 13 18 25 2 0 42 45 130
2020 Indigenous 16 36 16 14 13 5 0 54 29 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 38 19 14 9 3 0 57 23 7500
2020 Métis 14 35 16 16 15 3 0 51 33 160
2019 Indigenous 16 27 18 21 16 1 0 43 38 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 34 22 16 11 3 0 49 28 6900
2019 Métis 12 28 19 24 16 2 0 41 40 145

Work-life balance and workload

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 23 9 15 29 0 0 48 43 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 28 13 12 18 1 0 57 31 5975
2024 First Nation 32 23 7 17 22 0 0 55 38 100
2024 Métis 20 24 7 16 32 0 1 45 48 125
2022 Indigenous 29 20 12 15 25 0 0 49 39 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 29 11 13 14 0 0 62 27 6490
2022 First Nation 36 19 12 15 19 0 0 54 34 95
2022 Métis 24 20 10 13 33 0 0 44 46 130
2020 Indigenous 36 25 11 13 15 0 0 61 28 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 30 12 11 10 0 0 67 21 7490
2020 Métis 34 26 8 15 17 0 0 60 32 160
2019 Indigenous 27 28 11 14 19 1 0 56 34 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 32 12 12 12 0 0 64 24 6875
2019 Métis 23 30 10 15 21 0 1 54 37 145

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 29 17 9 4 0 4 68 14 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 32 16 6 4 0 2 73 10 5980
2024 First Nation 47 25 14 9 2 0 3 75 11 100
2024 Métis 29 31 20 8 7 0 4 63 16 125
2022 Indigenous 36 32 18 4 6 0 4 71 10 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 31 15 7 5 0 2 72 12 6495
2022 First Nation 41 35 14 3 6 0 1 77 10 95
2022 Métis 33 29 24 4 5 0 6 66 9 130
2020 Indigenous 37 34 15 6 5 0 1 73 12 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 33 15 6 4 0 1 74 11 7455
2020 Métis 33 39 15 7 4 0 1 73 12 165
2019 Indigenous 36 35 18 6 4 0 1 71 10 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 33 17 6 5 0 1 71 11 6860
2019 Métis 34 38 17 5 5 0 1 73 10 145

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 20 8 3 20 2 9 65 27 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 20 9 6 12 2 8 71 19 5975
2024 First Nation 48 21 7 2 15 2 5 74 18 100
2024 Métis 34 18 9 5 21 2 12 60 30 125
2022 Indigenous 41 17 8 5 19 2 8 64 27 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 20 7 4 10 2 8 76 16 6495
2022 First Nation 46 21 6 6 11 3 7 74 20 95
2022 Métis 39 14 10 5 21 1 10 59 29 130

Mobility and retention

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Unsure
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 44 24 31 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 31 30 5980
2024 First Nation 42 26 32 100
2024 Métis 43 27 30 125
2022 Indigenous 48 18 34 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 30 29 6500
2022 First Nation 50 17 33 95
2022 Métis 47 20 33 130
2020 Indigenous 30 31 38 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 38 36 7530
2020 Métis 27 30 42 160
2019 Indigenous 31 32 37 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 35 36 6910
2019 Métis 36 31 33 145

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic To retire
(%)		 To pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)		 End of my term, casual or student employment
(%)		 Other reason
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 32 29 12 10 4 110
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 40 23 7 10 5 2265
2024 First Nation 19 21 32 16 9 2 40
2024 Métis 11 49 31 2 6 1 55
2022 Indigenous 7 38 20 11 15 10 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 41 26 7 7 7 2600
2022 First Nation 4 30 20 14 21 10 45
2022 Métis 9 38 20 12 13 9 60
2020 Indigenous 24 30 28 7 3 8 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 19 36 29 5 5 6 1945
2020 Métis 26 36 29 5 0 5 45
2019 Indigenous 14 30 27 12 10 6 85
2019 Non-Indigenous 17 30 28 6 13 5 1995
2019 Métis 12 29 30 15 10 4 50
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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 31 9 12 13 0 0 66 24 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 36 11 10 8 1 0 71 18 5970
2024 First Nation 47 19 9 13 13 0 0 66 25 100
2024 Métis 26 40 10 11 12 0 0 67 23 125
2022 Indigenous 28 35 15 10 11 0 0 63 22 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 37 11 9 7 0 0 74 16 6480
2022 First Nation 35 31 15 11 8 0 0 67 18 95
2022 Métis 24 36 16 11 12 0 0 61 24 130
2020 Indigenous 39 33 12 9 7 0 0 72 16 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 37 12 8 5 0 0 75 13 7475
2020 Métis 35 34 11 10 9 1 0 69 19 160
2019 Indigenous 32 31 14 10 12 0 0 63 23 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 39 13 9 7 0 0 71 16 6850
2019 Métis 30 29 19 10 11 0 1 59 21 145

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 16 27 17 17 23 0 0 43 40 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 33 20 16 14 1 0 50 31 5975
2024 First Nation 17 27 16 16 24 0 0 44 40 100
2024 Métis 15 29 16 17 23 0 0 44 40 125
2022 Indigenous 15 34 16 19 15 0 0 49 34 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 36 18 15 12 1 0 54 27 6490
2022 First Nation 17 42 15 14 11 1 0 60 25 95
2022 Métis 15 26 16 25 17 0 0 42 42 130
2020 Indigenous 23 38 12 15 10 1 0 62 26 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 21 40 19 12 7 1 0 62 20 7500
2020 Métis 19 39 13 17 10 1 0 59 27 165
2019 Indigenous 21 34 18 15 9 2 0 57 24 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 37 20 15 9 1 0 56 24 6890
2019 Métis 17 35 22 17 8 2 0 52 25 145

Organizational performance

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 31 25 13 5 1 2 18 57 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 27 31 14 7 1 2 22 46 5965
2024 First Nation 26 21 32 12 6 2 0 19 49 100
2024 Métis 24 36 21 10 6 1 2 17 61 125
2022 Indigenous 21 31 26 13 7 0 2 20 53 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 26 32 16 8 1 2 25 43 6490
2022 First Nation 21 26 24 17 10 0 3 27 48 95
2022 Métis 23 29 28 11 6 0 2 18 53 130
2020 Indigenous 16 28 30 15 8 1 1 24 46 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 26 33 17 7 1 1 25 41 7515
2020 Métis 17 30 30 16 5 1 1 21 48 165
2019 Indigenous 22 26 26 18 7 0 0 25 49 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 15 28 31 16 8 1 1 24 44 6900
2019 Métis 22 30 26 18 5 0 0 22 52 145

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 27 26 24 14 5 1 4 20 55 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 23 26 24 13 8 1 5 22 52 5955
2024 First Nation 24 28 27 12 6 1 1 18 54 100
2024 Métis 27 26 24 12 4 1 6 17 57 125
2022 Indigenous 25 32 25 9 7 1 2 16 58 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 25 26 14 8 2 4 23 49 6490
2022 First Nation 21 35 23 14 6 1 1 20 57 95
2022 Métis 24 27 29 7 10 1 3 17 53 130
2020 Indigenous 22 26 23 13 13 1 2 27 50 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 20 24 29 16 8 1 2 25 45 7475
2020 Métis 22 26 24 14 9 2 2 25 50 160
2019 Indigenous 23 21 30 16 7 2 2 24 45 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 26 24 14 8 2 2 23 52 6890
2019 Métis 20 21 34 16 7 1 2 23 42 145

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 12 32 22 15 2 6 39 26 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 14 28 25 16 1 7 44 26 5955
2024 First Nation 11 9 34 22 21 1 3 44 21 100
2024 Métis 11 13 34 22 13 1 7 38 26 125
2022 Indigenous 10 14 27 27 17 1 3 46 26 250
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 14 28 27 16 1 6 45 24 6475
2022 First Nation 10 10 32 24 20 1 2 46 21 95
2022 Métis 8 16 27 29 17 0 4 48 25 130
2020 Indigenous 11 15 25 25 19 1 3 46 27 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 13 29 30 16 1 3 47 23 7490
2020 Métis 9 15 25 26 19 2 4 48 25 160
2019 Indigenous 8 12 31 31 15 1 2 48 21 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 15 27 27 16 1 3 45 27 6855
2019 Métis 7 12 30 34 13 2 2 49 20 145

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 21 20 15 10 1 2 25 55 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 23 24 15 9 1 3 25 50 5960
2024 First Nation 31 13 21 18 15 1 1 34 44 100
2024 Métis 36 25 23 8 6 1 2 14 62 125
2022 Indigenous 29 23 23 15 9 0 0 24 53 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 23 24 14 12 1 4 27 47 6475
2022 First Nation 28 13 27 21 11 0 0 32 41 95
2022 Métis 27 29 22 12 8 1 0 20 57 130
2020 Indigenous 21 24 26 15 14 0 0 29 45 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 21 28 19 12 1 2 32 40 7500
2020 Métis 24 26 24 15 10 1 0 26 50 165
2019 Indigenous 31 21 23 11 11 1 1 23 53 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 26 24 23 15 10 1 2 25 52 6890
2019 Métis 32 24 22 12 8 1 0 21 57 145

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 18 17 21 17 2 3 40 42 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 18 23 20 14 3 5 37 37 5960
2024 First Nation 22 13 21 18 21 1 4 41 37 100
2024 Métis 21 24 16 19 16 1 3 37 46 125
2022 Indigenous 25 16 25 17 12 1 5 31 43 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 21 24 16 13 3 5 31 42 6485
2022 First Nation 23 9 27 20 14 2 5 36 35 95
2022 Métis 29 16 24 18 11 0 2 30 46 130
2020 Indigenous 15 17 29 16 19 3 2 36 33 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 16 27 26 15 3 2 43 29 7465
2020 Métis 16 18 29 15 18 3 1 34 35 160
2019 Indigenous 22 21 27 18 10 2 1 28 44 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 21 26 19 12 3 2 32 41 6865
2019 Métis 22 21 28 18 9 2 0 28 44 145

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 20 25 16 6 1 2 22 52 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 23 27 12 8 2 3 22 50 5965
2024 First Nation 27 24 28 14 6 1 2 20 52 100
2024 Métis 32 20 21 18 5 1 3 24 54 125
2022 Indigenous 26 29 27 6 7 1 3 14 58 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 25 27 13 9 2 3 23 48 6490
2022 First Nation 26 20 32 8 10 1 2 19 48 95
2022 Métis 25 33 26 6 6 1 3 13 60 130
2020 Indigenous 22 21 25 16 11 2 1 29 45 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 19 23 29 17 9 2 2 26 43 7480
2020 Métis 21 23 25 18 9 3 2 28 46 165
2019 Indigenous 28 25 24 12 8 1 1 21 54 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 25 27 14 9 2 2 23 49 6880
2019 Métis 28 26 25 12 7 1 1 19 55 145

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 24 33 13 7 0 2 20 47 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 21 31 17 9 1 2 27 41 5975
2024 First Nation 18 27 31 16 7 0 1 24 45 100
2024 Métis 24 23 34 10 7 0 2 17 48 125
2022 Indigenous 18 21 30 19 10 0 1 29 40 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 19 31 20 12 1 2 33 36 6495
2022 First Nation 19 19 34 18 11 0 0 29 38 95
2022 Métis 16 22 28 22 9 1 1 32 40 130
2020 Indigenous 20 21 26 21 11 0 0 33 41 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 21 34 21 9 0 1 30 35 7510
2020 Métis 20 24 28 20 8 0 0 28 44 160
2019 Indigenous 31 23 30 11 4 0 1 16 54 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 26 30 13 7 1 1 21 49 6905
2019 Métis 30 23 30 13 4 0 0 17 52 145

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 6 17 14 25 37 0 0 23 62 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 19 17 25 30 1 0 27 56 5975
2024 First Nation 4 20 12 28 36 0 0 24 64 100
2024 Métis 6 15 14 27 38 0 0 20 65 125
2022 Indigenous 5 19 18 25 32 1 0 25 57 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 22 18 24 24 2 0 32 49 6490
2022 First Nation 9 22 20 25 24 1 0 31 49 95
2022 Métis 3 17 17 24 37 1 1 20 62 130
2020 Indigenous 13 23 20 22 20 2 0 37 43 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 28 20 23 14 2 0 42 38 7455
2020 Métis 9 24 18 26 21 2 0 34 48 165
2019 Indigenous 8 25 16 25 24 2 1 33 50 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 23 20 25 21 2 0 32 48 6865
2019 Métis 5 21 21 23 26 3 0 27 51 145

Diversity and inclusion

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 29 23 10 13 25 1 0 52 38 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 29 10 11 12 1 0 67 23 5970
2024 First Nation 39 20 8 8 23 0 1 60 32 100
2024 Métis 24 25 12 13 25 1 0 49 39 125
2022 Indigenous 31 25 11 11 21 0 0 57 32 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 28 10 10 11 1 0 69 21 6490
2022 First Nation 39 23 7 8 23 0 0 62 31 95
2022 Métis 28 26 13 11 22 0 1 54 33 130
2020 Indigenous 35 22 9 15 18 0 0 58 33 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 28 10 12 10 1 0 68 22 7480
2020 Métis 30 22 10 15 21 1 0 53 37 160
2019 Indigenous 30 22 8 19 20 1 0 53 39 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 29 11 13 11 0 0 64 24 6885
2019 Métis 25 23 11 19 20 1 0 49 40 145

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 29 31 10 16 12 1 0 61 29 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 34 9 10 7 0 0 74 17 5965
2024 First Nation 39 27 7 14 12 0 0 66 27 100
2024 Métis 26 32 14 18 9 1 0 58 28 125
2022 Indigenous 36 30 14 9 11 0 0 66 20 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 33 9 9 6 0 0 77 14 6490
2022 First Nation 39 23 13 10 13 0 1 62 24 95
2022 Métis 35 27 15 8 13 0 1 63 21 130
2020 Indigenous 38 30 9 14 7 1 0 69 21 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 33 9 8 5 0 0 78 13 7475
2020 Métis 36 29 11 13 9 1 0 66 23 160
2019 Indigenous 31 31 13 14 11 1 0 62 25 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 36 11 10 6 0 0 73 17 6885
2019 Métis 25 38 12 16 8 1 0 64 23 145

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 32 17 8 13 1 0 62 21 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 37 14 7 6 1 0 73 13 5970
2024 First Nation 39 22 19 8 12 0 0 61 20 100
2024 Métis 26 37 16 9 11 1 0 63 20 125
2022 Indigenous 28 32 15 8 15 2 0 61 24 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 35 13 6 6 1 0 75 12 6490
2022 First Nation 32 27 16 8 16 1 0 59 24 95
2022 Métis 26 32 16 6 18 3 0 59 25 130
2020 Indigenous 32 36 14 9 7 1 1 70 16 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 37 14 6 4 1 0 75 11 7445
2020 Métis 27 36 15 10 9 3 1 66 19 160
2019 Indigenous 26 33 14 13 12 1 0 60 25 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 38 16 7 5 1 0 72 12 6895
2019 Métis 22 38 17 15 7 1 0 61 22 145

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 16 24 18 13 28 0 0 40 42 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 31 17 13 15 3 0 53 29 5970
2024 First Nation 18 21 16 17 28 0 0 39 45 100
2024 Métis 13 26 18 11 32 0 0 39 43 125
2022 Indigenous 21 26 18 16 19 2 0 47 35 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 33 17 12 13 2 0 58 25 6495
2022 First Nation 26 27 17 12 17 1 0 53 30 95
2022 Métis 19 24 20 15 19 3 0 45 35 130
2020 Indigenous 25 27 14 18 14 1 0 53 33 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 36 17 11 7 2 0 64 19 7460
2020 Métis 20 29 16 17 16 2 0 50 34 160
2019 Indigenous 25 28 16 15 14 1 0 54 30 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 36 18 12 9 2 0 61 20 6860
2019 Métis 23 31 16 15 11 2 1 56 27 140

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 27 10 9 16 5 1 62 27 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 26 32 18 8 7 8 1 64 16 5970
2024 First Nation 29 30 11 11 18 1 0 60 29 100
2024 Métis 30 26 13 8 14 7 3 62 24 125
2022 Indigenous 31 32 15 11 8 3 0 65 19 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 35 16 7 6 7 1 68 14 6485
2022 First Nation 33 32 17 10 7 1 0 66 17 95
2022 Métis 27 33 15 11 8 5 0 63 20 130
2020 Indigenous 28 27 18 11 9 6 1 59 21 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 34 18 7 5 4 1 68 13 7490
2020 Métis 26 27 20 12 9 4 2 57 22 160
2019 Indigenous 28 31 20 9 12 0 0 59 20 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 34 19 7 6 4 1 66 14 6880
2019 Métis 24 35 23 7 10 1 1 60 17 145

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 29 7 13 29 0 0 50 43 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 29 35 12 12 12 0 0 64 24 5975
2024 First Nation 26 25 8 10 30 0 0 52 40 100
2024 Métis 18 28 7 15 31 0 0 46 46 125
2022 Indigenous 28 29 8 13 22 0 0 57 35 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 36 11 11 10 0 0 69 20 6500
2022 First Nation 34 30 9 8 19 1 0 64 27 95
2022 Métis 27 28 8 15 22 0 0 56 37 130
2020 Indigenous 34 27 13 13 12 0 0 62 25 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 33 12 8 7 0 0 73 15 7485
2020 Métis 31 27 16 15 12 0 0 57 27 165
2019 Indigenous 30 28 14 13 15 0 0 58 28 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 36 14 10 8 0 0 68 18 6895
2019 Métis 27 31 15 16 12 0 0 57 28 145

Anti-racism

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 26 11 8 16 2 2 64 25 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 27 12 7 10 6 5 68 18 5980
2024 First Nation 37 28 8 9 14 2 1 68 24 100
2024 Métis 36 23 13 7 16 2 2 61 25 125
2022 Indigenous 39 23 9 12 15 2 1 64 27 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 27 10 7 8 5 4 72 17 6495
2022 First Nation 44 22 5 13 14 1 1 67 27 95
2022 Métis 32 26 13 12 13 3 1 60 26 130

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 25 12 9 16 2 2 60 27 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 26 13 7 9 6 5 67 18 5975
2024 First Nation 40 23 11 9 14 1 2 65 24 100
2024 Métis 30 28 13 8 15 4 2 62 25 125
2022 Indigenous 36 22 11 12 15 2 2 61 28 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 26 11 7 8 6 4 71 17 6500
2022 First Nation 38 23 8 9 18 3 1 63 28 95
2022 Métis 31 23 14 14 13 4 1 57 28 130

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 20 21 6 13 10 2 54 22 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 23 22 21 9 6 17 2 55 18 5975
2024 First Nation 25 31 18 4 14 7 1 60 20 100
2024 Métis 27 16 23 7 12 13 3 51 22 125
2022 Indigenous 28 21 24 9 9 8 1 53 20 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 27 22 8 4 12 2 60 14 6490
2022 First Nation 30 17 26 6 11 8 1 52 19 95
2022 Métis 25 22 23 11 9 8 1 52 22 130
2020 Indigenous 28 29 19 8 8 7 1 61 18 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 34 19 7 5 5 1 68 12 7505
2020 Métis 29 31 19 10 9 2 1 61 19 160

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 18 10 10 18 3 1 60 30 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 30 11 8 10 6 3 68 20 5965
2024 First Nation 38 21 12 6 18 3 1 62 25 100
2024 Métis 38 17 11 14 13 5 2 59 29 125
2022 Indigenous 35 28 10 7 17 2 1 65 25 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 30 11 7 8 5 3 71 17 6485
2022 First Nation 40 26 10 8 15 1 0 67 23 95
2022 Métis 30 35 9 6 16 4 1 68 22 130
2020 Indigenous 34 27 12 12 12 2 2 63 25 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 31 13 7 7 4 2 72 14 7490
2020 Métis 31 28 13 14 12 1 2 60 26 160

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 11 23 5 22 28 2 28 39 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 10 24 6 11 35 7 28 30 5970
2024 First Nation 9 11 20 10 20 27 3 30 42 100
2024 Métis 8 13 25 2 23 27 2 29 35 125
2022 Indigenous 11 14 25 7 19 22 2 32 35 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 14 24 5 8 35 5 36 23 6490
2022 First Nation 15 17 22 10 15 18 2 39 32 95
2022 Métis 9 11 25 3 24 26 2 27 38 130

Question 72. Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination: I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 0 2 6 86 6 0 0 98 20
2022 Indigenous 0 8 3 12 65 11 0 9 87 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 4 13 22 47 10 3 6 79 220
2022 First Nation 0 6 6 5 72 10 0 7 86 10
2020 Indigenous 3 0 0 27 65 0 5 3 97 20
2020 Non-Indigenous 2 6 16 16 46 11 2 10 72 205

Ethical workplace

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 20 24 11 28 2 1 35 40 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 27 18 12 15 5 3 51 29 5965
2024 First Nation 22 19 24 9 24 1 0 41 34 100
2024 Métis 10 21 24 12 30 2 1 32 43 125
2022 Indigenous 17 25 16 14 23 2 3 44 39 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 27 18 12 14 6 4 52 28 6495
2022 First Nation 24 25 13 11 23 2 2 51 35 95
2022 Métis 13 26 18 14 24 3 3 41 40 130
2020 Indigenous 21 25 14 14 18 4 3 50 35 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 28 18 12 11 4 3 55 25 7500
2020 Métis 17 22 15 17 20 7 2 43 40 165
2019 Indigenous 18 22 20 18 18 3 2 42 37 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 28 17 14 13 3 2 53 29 6885
2019 Métis 14 20 27 19 17 3 1 35 36 145

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 26 13 17 19 0 0 52 36 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 33 17 12 12 3 1 57 25 5975
2024 First Nation 29 26 9 17 19 0 1 55 36 100
2024 Métis 24 26 15 16 18 1 0 50 35 125
2022 Indigenous 21 28 13 16 21 1 1 49 37 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 34 15 13 12 3 1 58 26 6490
2022 First Nation 26 29 14 14 16 2 0 55 30 95
2022 Métis 18 25 15 16 25 1 1 44 41 130
2020 Indigenous 26 35 14 13 10 1 1 62 24 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 36 15 11 8 2 1 65 19 7500
2020 Métis 23 39 12 13 11 1 0 64 24 165
2019 Indigenous 25 28 15 15 15 1 1 54 30 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 36 16 12 9 2 1 62 22 6880
2019 Métis 21 30 17 16 15 1 1 52 31 145

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 24 15 13 28 0 0 44 41 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 30 20 13 16 2 0 50 29 5970
2024 First Nation 23 23 14 11 29 0 0 46 40 100
2024 Métis 19 21 17 16 27 0 0 40 43 125
2022 Indigenous 17 24 20 16 22 0 0 41 38 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 32 20 13 14 2 0 53 27 6490
2022 First Nation 21 22 21 16 19 0 1 43 35 95
2022 Métis 14 24 21 15 25 1 0 39 40 130
2020 Indigenous 23 29 15 17 14 1 0 54 31 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 24 35 20 11 8 1 0 60 20 7485
2020 Métis 21 28 15 18 17 1 0 50 35 160
2019 Indigenous 21 30 20 15 14 1 0 51 29 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 35 21 12 10 1 0 56 23 6875
2019 Métis 17 30 25 13 13 2 0 48 26 145

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 17 16 10 41 2 3 31 53 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 22 16 15 24 7 1 40 42 5970
2024 First Nation 16 16 12 10 37 1 7 35 52 100
2024 Métis 10 19 16 10 42 2 0 30 54 125
2022 Indigenous 14 15 16 16 31 6 1 32 51 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 23 16 14 20 8 2 45 38 6485
2022 First Nation 17 21 19 10 28 6 0 40 40 95
2022 Métis 13 13 17 20 30 6 1 28 53 130
2020 Indigenous 13 20 14 15 30 5 2 36 48 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 23 17 16 18 7 2 45 37 7495
2020 Métis 10 19 14 17 32 6 2 31 53 160
2019 Indigenous 13 21 12 21 27 4 2 36 51 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 23 17 16 21 6 2 41 40 6890
2019 Métis 7 22 14 23 28 5 1 31 54 145

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 34 7 20 18 0 0 55 38 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 41 6 17 13 0 0 63 31 5965
2024 First Nation 25 30 6 22 17 0 0 55 38 100
2024 Métis 19 35 4 21 22 0 0 54 42 125
2022 Indigenous 22 38 6 16 18 0 0 60 35 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 41 6 17 11 0 0 66 28 6495
2022 First Nation 28 36 8 14 14 0 0 64 28 95
2022 Métis 17 41 3 17 21 0 0 58 39 130
2020 Indigenous 27 43 5 19 6 0 0 70 25 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 46 6 14 5 0 0 75 19 7525
2020 Métis 21 46 5 21 6 0 0 68 28 165

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 20 10 16 25 0 0 50 41 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 30 9 17 18 0 1 56 35 5960
2024 First Nation 34 25 7 10 24 0 1 59 34 100
2024 Métis 30 15 9 20 27 0 0 45 46 125
2022 Indigenous 29 30 7 15 18 0 0 59 33 250
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 33 9 15 12 0 1 64 27 6490
2022 First Nation 38 26 5 15 17 0 0 63 32 95
2022 Métis 25 31 6 15 22 0 1 56 38 125
2020 Indigenous 35 33 7 14 10 1 0 68 25 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 38 9 13 6 0 0 73 19 7500
2020 Métis 31 34 5 18 10 1 0 66 29 165
2019 Indigenous 28 32 8 15 16 0 0 61 31 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 34 9 16 10 0 0 66 26 6890
2019 Métis 21 33 11 19 14 0 1 55 34 145

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 28 12 17 18 1 1 53 35 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 35 11 14 11 0 0 64 25 5965
2024 First Nation 30 26 13 15 15 1 1 57 30 100
2024 Métis 21 29 8 20 21 1 1 51 42 125
2022 Indigenous 30 34 10 12 14 0 0 64 26 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 35 11 12 9 0 1 69 21 6475
2022 First Nation 40 32 8 4 15 0 1 73 19 95
2022 Métis 22 34 11 17 15 1 0 57 32 130
2020 Indigenous 32 31 14 12 10 0 0 64 22 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 35 10 11 6 0 0 73 16 7460
2020 Métis 26 34 16 12 11 0 1 61 23 165
2019 Indigenous 30 32 11 12 14 0 0 63 26 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 36 11 13 7 0 0 69 20 6855
2019 Métis 26 37 9 13 15 0 1 63 28 145

Use of official languages

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 60 16 6 5 7 0 6 81 12 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 67 16 5 4 3 0 4 87 7 5975
2024 First Nation 65 12 5 5 6 0 7 83 11 100
2024 Métis 59 14 6 5 7 1 9 80 13 125

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 55 19 8 6 6 0 6 78 13 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 18 6 6 4 0 3 84 10 5970
2024 First Nation 62 12 9 6 6 0 6 78 13 100
2024 Métis 55 17 9 5 7 0 7 78 12 125

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 68 12 7 3 5 0 6 85 8 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 78 11 4 1 2 0 4 93 4 5975
2024 First Nation 74 12 6 0 3 0 5 90 4 100
2024 Métis 67 9 8 3 5 0 9 83 8 125
2022 Indigenous 75 12 4 2 2 1 4 91 4 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 78 11 4 1 2 0 3 92 4 6500
2022 First Nation 83 10 3 0 1 2 1 96 1 95
2022 Métis 72 12 5 3 1 1 5 90 5 130
2019 Indigenous 73 9 8 1 5 0 4 86 6 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 75 12 5 2 2 0 3 91 4 6870
2019 Métis 69 12 10 1 6 0 2 82 8 145

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 15 11 8 11 17 5 60 25 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 20 12 7 7 15 6 67 17 5980
2024 First Nation 36 18 12 6 9 17 2 67 17 100
2024 Métis 26 11 10 10 14 20 8 52 34 125
2022 Indigenous 37 15 9 8 9 15 7 66 22 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 21 12 6 7 15 5 69 16 6500
2022 First Nation 52 15 3 7 5 12 6 81 15 95
2022 Métis 26 17 13 7 12 18 7 57 26 130
2020 Indigenous 31 22 12 8 9 14 4 66 20 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 20 12 6 7 14 4 70 16 7510
2020 Métis 25 26 12 7 13 13 5 61 25 160
2019 Indigenous 40 15 8 7 8 16 4 70 20 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 20 12 7 7 14 3 69 17 6910
2019 Métis 31 20 13 10 8 15 3 62 22 145

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 69 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 82 5970
2024 First Nation 28 72 100
2024 Métis 34 66 125
2022 Indigenous 30 70 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 6500
2022 First Nation 23 77 95
2022 Métis 30 70 130
2020 Indigenous 26 74 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 16 84 7520
2020 Métis 27 73 165
2019 Indigenous 28 72 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 19 81 6900
2019 Métis 26 74 145

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 43 57 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 51 1010
2024 First Nation 35 65 30
2024 Métis 49 51 40
2022 Indigenous 47 53 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 47 1085
2022 First Nation 62 38 25
2022 Métis 53 47 35
2020 Indigenous 58 42 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 53 47 1120
2020 Métis 59 41 40
2019 Indigenous 56 44 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 57 43 1250
2019 Métis 44 56 35

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 72 28 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 67 33 1010
2024 First Nation 87 13 30
2024 Métis 65 35 40
2022 Indigenous 69 31 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 63 37 1085
2022 First Nation 75 25 25
2022 Métis 63 37 35
2020 Indigenous 59 41 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 66 34 1120
2020 Métis 58 42 40
2019 Indigenous 70 30 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 64 36 1250
2019 Métis 72 28 35

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 7 93 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1010
2022 Indigenous 12 88 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1085
2022 First Nation 17 83 25
2022 Métis 15 85 35
2020 Indigenous 11 89 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1120
2019 Indigenous 10 90 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1250

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 87 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1010
2022 Indigenous 14 86 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1085
2022 First Nation 30 70 25
2022 Métis 18 82 35
2020 Indigenous 9 91 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1120
2019 Indigenous 10 90 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1250

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 92 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1010
2022 Indigenous 10 90 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1085
2022 First Nation 13 87 25
2022 Métis 14 86 35

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 69 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 79 1010
2024 First Nation 24 76 30
2024 Métis 28 72 40
2022 Indigenous 30 70 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 1085
2022 First Nation 42 58 25
2022 Métis 30 70 35
2020 Indigenous 21 79 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 16 84 1120
2020 Métis 24 76 40
2019 Indigenous 18 82 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 17 83 1250
2019 Métis 17 83 35

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1010
2024 First Nation 0 100 30
2024 Métis 0 100 40
2022 Indigenous 5 95 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1085
2022 First Nation 7 93 25
2022 Métis 7 93 35
2019 Métis 0 100 35

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 45 55 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 58 1010
2024 First Nation 59 41 30
2024 Métis 35 65 40
2022 Indigenous 48 52 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 58 1090
2022 First Nation 77 23 25
2022 Métis 41 59 35
2020 Indigenous 44 56 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 59 1120
2020 Métis 48 52 40
2019 Indigenous 40 60 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 59 1240
2019 Métis 34 66 35

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 47 53 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 58 1010
2024 First Nation 57 43 30
2024 Métis 39 61 40
2022 Indigenous 48 52 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 65 1090
2022 First Nation 57 43 25
2022 Métis 41 59 35
2020 Indigenous 33 67 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 63 1120
2020 Métis 28 72 40
2019 Indigenous 40 60 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 63 1240
2019 Métis 41 59 35

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 58 42 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 51 1010
2024 First Nation 75 25 30
2024 Métis 44 56 40
2022 Indigenous 67 33 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 47 1090
2022 First Nation 77 23 25
2022 Métis 67 33 35
2020 Indigenous 60 40 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 51 49 1120
2020 Métis 63 37 40
2019 Indigenous 67 33 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 52 48 1240
2019 Métis 60 40 35

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 61 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 57 1010
2024 First Nation 26 74 30
2024 Métis 39 61 40
2022 Indigenous 42 58 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 58 1090
2022 First Nation 57 43 25
2022 Métis 47 53 35
2020 Indigenous 49 51 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 57 1120
2020 Métis 55 45 40
2019 Indigenous 45 55 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 57 1240
2019 Métis 48 52 35

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 61 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 66 1010
2024 First Nation 45 55 30
2024 Métis 31 69 40
2022 Indigenous 53 47 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 68 1090
2022 First Nation 65 35 25
2022 Métis 54 46 35
2020 Indigenous 37 63 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 68 1120
2020 Métis 41 59 40
2019 Indigenous 42 58 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 66 1240
2019 Métis 30 70 35

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 53 47 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 52 48 1010
2024 First Nation 59 41 30
2024 Métis 44 56 40
2022 Indigenous 54 46 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 56 44 1090
2022 First Nation 82 18 25
2022 Métis 52 48 35
2020 Indigenous 69 31 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 45 1120
2020 Métis 67 33 40
2019 Indigenous 54 46 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 46 1240
2019 Métis 51 49 35

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 50 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 41 59 1010
2024 First Nation 52 48 30
2024 Métis 37 63 40
2022 Indigenous 38 62 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 61 1090
2022 First Nation 58 42 25
2022 Métis 43 57 35
2020 Indigenous 46 54 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 59 1120
2020 Métis 40 60 40
2019 Indigenous 46 54 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 59 1240
2019 Métis 52 48 35

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 98 1010
2024 Métis 0 100 40
2022 Indigenous 3 97 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 1090
2022 First Nation 11 89 25
2022 Métis 4 96 35

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 88 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1010
2022 Indigenous 19 81 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1090
2022 First Nation 39 61 25
2022 Métis 23 77 35
2020 Indigenous 17 83 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1120
2020 Métis 23 77 40
2019 Indigenous 16 84 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1240

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 78 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1010
2024 First Nation 28 72 30
2022 Indigenous 17 83 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1090
2022 First Nation 39 61 25
2022 Métis 13 87 35
2020 Indigenous 16 84 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1120
2019 Indigenous 15 85 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1240

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 75 25 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 62 38 1010
2024 First Nation 80 20 30
2024 Métis 69 31 40
2022 Indigenous 71 29 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 42 1090
2022 First Nation 69 31 25
2022 Métis 71 29 35
2020 Indigenous 58 42 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 56 44 1120
2020 Métis 65 35 40
2019 Indigenous 68 32 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 58 42 1240
2019 Métis 67 33 35

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 68 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 72 1010
2024 First Nation 37 63 30
2024 Métis 25 75 40
2022 Indigenous 40 60 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 73 1090
2022 First Nation 60 40 25
2022 Métis 35 65 35
2020 Indigenous 32 68 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 71 1120
2020 Métis 28 72 40
2019 Indigenous 23 77 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 70 1240
2019 Métis 16 84 35

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 27 73 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 84 1010
2024 First Nation 31 69 30
2024 Métis 24 76 40
2022 Indigenous 18 82 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 80 1090
2022 First Nation 27 73 25
2022 Métis 19 81 35
2020 Indigenous 21 79 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 83 1120
2020 Métis 21 79 40
2019 Indigenous 13 87 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 17 83 1240

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 55 45 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 46 54 1010
2024 First Nation 59 41 30
2024 Métis 46 54 40
2022 Indigenous 46 54 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 56 1090
2022 First Nation 47 53 25
2022 Métis 49 51 35
2020 Indigenous 52 48 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 53 1120
2020 Métis 46 54 40
2019 Indigenous 51 49 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 51 1230
2019 Métis 45 55 35

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 75 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 23 77 1010
2024 First Nation 22 78 30
2024 Métis 16 84 40
2022 Indigenous 22 78 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 79 1090
2022 First Nation 28 72 25
2022 Métis 28 72 35
2020 Indigenous 34 66 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 74 1120
2020 Métis 38 62 40
2019 Indigenous 26 74 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 71 1230
2019 Métis 19 81 35

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 15 85 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1010
2022 Indigenous 8 92 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1090
2022 First Nation 3 97 25
2022 Métis 12 88 35
2019 Indigenous 12 88 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1230

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 48 52 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 26 74 1010
2024 First Nation 52 48 30
2024 Métis 37 63 40
2022 Indigenous 22 78 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 79 1090
2022 First Nation 18 82 25
2022 Métis 18 82 35
2020 Indigenous 28 72 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 21 79 1120
2020 Métis 27 73 40
2019 Indigenous 33 67 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 76 1230
2019 Métis 34 66 35

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 7 93 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1010
2024 Métis 0 100 40
2022 Indigenous 1 99 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1090
2022 First Nation 0 100 25
2022 Métis 3 97 35
2020 Indigenous 12 88 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1120
2020 Métis 17 83 40
2019 Indigenous 17 83 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1230

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 67 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 1010
2024 First Nation 46 54 30
2024 Métis 22 78 40
2022 Indigenous 12 88 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1090
2022 First Nation 16 84 25
2022 Métis 8 92 35
2020 Indigenous 15 85 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1120
2019 Indigenous 15 85 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1230
2019 Métis 14 86 35

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1010
2022 Indigenous 14 86 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1090
2022 First Nation 15 85 25
2022 Métis 21 79 35
2020 Indigenous 7 93 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1120
2019 Indigenous 12 88 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 15 85 1230

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 16 84 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1010
2024 First Nation 22 78 30
2024 Métis 14 86 40
2022 Indigenous 27 73 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1090
2022 First Nation 40 60 25
2022 Métis 19 81 35
2020 Indigenous 10 90 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1120
2020 Métis 11 89 40
2019 Indigenous 15 85 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1230
2019 Métis 14 86 35

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 26 74 80
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 72 1010
2024 First Nation 18 82 30
2024 Métis 30 70 40
2022 Indigenous 27 73 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 67 1090
2022 First Nation 33 67 25
2022 Métis 35 65 35
2020 Indigenous 29 71 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 71 1120
2020 Métis 32 68 40
2019 Indigenous 21 79 75
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 72 1230
2019 Métis 34 66 35

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 875
2022 Indigenous 0 100 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 975
2022 First Nation 0 100 20
2022 Métis 0 100 35
2019 Indigenous 11 89 60
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1100

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 87 60
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 84 875
2024 Métis 13 87 35
2022 Indigenous 8 92 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 975
2022 First Nation 7 93 20
2022 Métis 12 88 35
2020 Indigenous 10 90 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 16 84 1000
2019 Indigenous 15 85 60
2019 Non-Indigenous 17 83 1100

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 875
2024 First Nation 0 100 20
2022 Indigenous 0 100 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 975
2022 First Nation 0 100 20
2022 Métis 0 100 35
2020 Indigenous 8 92 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1000

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 875
2024 First Nation 0 100 20
2022 Indigenous 1 99 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 975
2022 First Nation 0 100 20
2022 Métis 2 98 35
2019 Métis 0 100 30

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 7 93 60
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 875
2022 Indigenous 3 97 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 975
2022 First Nation 11 89 20
2022 Métis 0 100 35
2020 Indigenous 12 88 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1000
2019 Indigenous 9 91 60
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1100

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 875
2024 First Nation 0 100 20
2022 Indigenous 6 94 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 975
2022 First Nation 9 91 20
2022 Métis 7 93 35
2019 Indigenous 11 89 60
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1100

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 7 93 60
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 875
2022 Indigenous 9 91 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 975
2022 First Nation 3 97 20
2022 Métis 13 87 35
2020 Indigenous 9 91 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1000

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 15 85 60
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 875
2024 Métis 16 84 35
2022 Indigenous 13 87 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 85 975
2022 First Nation 21 79 20
2022 Métis 14 86 35
2020 Indigenous 9 91 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1000
2019 Indigenous 9 91 60
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1100

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 88 60
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 875
2022 Indigenous 14 86 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 975
2022 First Nation 23 77 20
2022 Métis 16 84 35
2020 Indigenous 13 87 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1000

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 37 63 60
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 63 875
2024 First Nation 38 62 20
2024 Métis 38 62 35
2022 Indigenous 50 50 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 63 975
2022 First Nation 43 57 20
2022 Métis 53 47 35
2020 Indigenous 45 55 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 63 1000
2019 Indigenous 35 65 60
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 63 1100
2019 Métis 26 74 30

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 10 90 60
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 875
2022 Indigenous 10 90 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 975
2022 First Nation 20 80 20
2022 Métis 10 90 35
2020 Indigenous 14 86 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1000
2019 Indigenous 9 91 60
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1100

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 63 37 60
2024 Non-Indigenous 52 48 875
2024 First Nation 66 34 20
2024 Métis 53 47 35
2022 Indigenous 63 37 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 52 975
2022 First Nation 60 40 20
2022 Métis 68 32 35
2020 Indigenous 63 37 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 45 1000
2019 Indigenous 55 45 60
2019 Non-Indigenous 53 47 1100
2019 Métis 53 47 30

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 98 875
2024 First Nation 0 100 20
2024 Métis 0 100 35
2022 Indigenous 8 92 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 975
2022 First Nation 20 80 20
2022 Métis 10 90 35

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 76 24 60
2024 Non-Indigenous 62 38 875
2024 First Nation 71 29 20
2024 Métis 75 25 35
2022 Indigenous 76 24 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 65 35 975
2022 First Nation 81 19 20
2022 Métis 80 20 35
2020 Indigenous 52 48 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 65 35 1000
2019 Indigenous 57 43 60
2019 Non-Indigenous 63 37 1100
2019 Métis 54 46 30

Question 62o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 875
2024 Métis 0 100 35

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 9 91 60
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 875
2022 Indigenous 20 80 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 975
2022 First Nation 16 84 20
2022 Métis 21 79 35
2020 Indigenous 16 84 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1000
2019 Indigenous 13 87 60
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1100
2019 Métis 23 77 30

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 9 11 9 11 33 21 6 27 60 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 12 15 10 17 27 8 34 43 5970
2024 First Nation 11 12 8 15 35 16 3 29 62 100
2024 Métis 7 12 10 11 31 22 7 26 60 125
2022 Indigenous 10 13 14 11 26 18 7 31 50 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 13 15 10 17 28 7 35 41 6490
2022 First Nation 16 11 18 10 22 14 9 35 41 95
2022 Métis 7 14 11 15 23 25 6 30 54 130
2020 Indigenous 11 13 19 15 21 15 7 30 46 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 17 19 11 13 20 6 43 32 7510
2020 Métis 9 14 22 12 24 14 5 28 45 165
2019 Indigenous 14 10 19 17 24 10 5 29 49 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 16 21 11 16 18 6 37 36 6900
2019 Métis 11 11 22 19 21 12 4 26 48 145

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 23 12 17 26 8 0 40 47 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 24 18 12 15 12 2 47 32 5975
2024 First Nation 14 22 12 20 26 6 0 38 49 100
2024 Métis 13 23 11 17 26 10 0 40 48 125
2022 Indigenous 17 26 12 15 24 6 1 46 42 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 27 17 11 14 11 2 52 29 6490
2022 First Nation 23 24 11 15 21 5 2 50 38 95
2022 Métis 13 28 13 16 22 8 0 45 41 130
2020 Indigenous 19 21 18 16 17 8 1 43 37 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 27 20 11 10 7 1 55 23 7505
2020 Métis 18 21 20 16 20 5 0 41 38 165
2019 Indigenous 19 24 19 14 18 4 1 45 34 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 27 20 11 12 7 1 53 25 6895
2019 Métis 17 27 23 13 15 4 0 46 29 145

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 72 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 5970
2024 First Nation 29 71 100
2024 Métis 28 72 125
2022 Indigenous 28 72 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 6490
2022 First Nation 25 75 95
2022 Métis 28 72 130
2020 Indigenous 20 80 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 7510
2020 Métis 18 82 160
2019 Indigenous 25 75 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 6895
2019 Métis 22 78 145

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 67 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 68 805
2024 First Nation 28 72 30
2024 Métis 34 66 35
2022 Indigenous 28 72 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 67 800
2022 First Nation 27 73 25
2022 Métis 34 66 35
2020 Indigenous 35 65 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 62 760
2020 Métis 39 61 30
2019 Indigenous 46 54 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 62 755
2019 Métis 26 74 30

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 84 16 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 81 19 805
2024 First Nation 85 15 30
2024 Métis 86 14 35
2022 Indigenous 86 14 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 77 23 800
2022 First Nation 85 15 25
2022 Métis 86 14 35
2020 Indigenous 81 19 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 80 20 760
2020 Métis 82 18 30
2019 Indigenous 82 18 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 77 23 755

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 97 805
2024 Métis 0 100 35
2022 Indigenous 4 96 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 800
2022 First Nation 8 92 25
2022 Métis 7 93 35
2019 Indigenous 8 92 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 3 97 755

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 9 91 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 97 805
2022 Indigenous 9 91 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 800
2022 First Nation 15 85 25
2022 Métis 12 88 35
2019 Indigenous 8 92 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 3 97 755

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 7 93 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 805
2024 Métis 0 100 35
2022 Indigenous 9 91 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 800
2022 First Nation 18 82 25
2022 Métis 11 89 35
2019 Indigenous 13 87 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 5 95 755

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 79 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 805
2024 Métis 23 77 35
2022 Indigenous 22 78 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 800
2022 First Nation 27 73 25
2022 Métis 22 78 35
2020 Indigenous 10 90 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 15 85 760
2019 Indigenous 12 88 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 15 85 755

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 805
2024 First Nation 0 100 30
2022 Indigenous 9 91 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 800
2022 First Nation 12 88 25
2022 Métis 15 85 35
2020 Métis 0 100 30
2019 Métis 0 100 30

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 67 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 66 795
2024 First Nation 35 65 25
2024 Métis 18 82 30
2022 Indigenous 34 66 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 71 800
2022 First Nation 48 52 25
2022 Métis 27 73 35
2020 Indigenous 34 66 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 73 760
2019 Indigenous 23 77 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 77 740

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 75 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 80 795
2024 First Nation 36 64 25
2022 Indigenous 17 83 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 800
2022 First Nation 38 62 25
2022 Métis 19 81 35
2020 Indigenous 12 88 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 82 760
2019 Indigenous 15 85 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 19 81 740

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 79 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 79 795
2024 Métis 17 83 30
2022 Indigenous 9 91 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 80 800
2022 First Nation 6 94 25
2022 Métis 19 81 35
2020 Indigenous 9 91 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 83 760
2019 Indigenous 14 86 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 84 740

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 89 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 795
2024 First Nation 0 100 25
2022 Indigenous 6 94 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 800
2022 First Nation 10 90 25
2022 Métis 10 90 35
2019 Métis 0 100 30

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 68 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 75 795
2024 First Nation 20 80 25
2024 Métis 30 70 30
2022 Indigenous 26 74 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 78 800
2022 First Nation 36 64 25
2022 Métis 28 72 35
2020 Indigenous 18 82 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 74 760
2020 Métis 21 79 30
2019 Indigenous 22 78 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 26 74 740
2019 Métis 20 80 30

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 60 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 63 795
2024 First Nation 26 74 25
2024 Métis 41 59 30
2022 Indigenous 31 69 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 65 800
2022 First Nation 18 82 25
2022 Métis 39 61 35
2020 Indigenous 25 75 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 67 760
2020 Métis 32 68 30
2019 Indigenous 37 63 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 65 740
2019 Métis 37 63 30

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 89 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 795
2022 Indigenous 5 95 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 800
2022 First Nation 11 89 25
2022 Métis 11 89 35
2020 Indigenous 11 89 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 5 95 760

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 795
2024 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Indigenous 7 93 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 800
2022 First Nation 14 86 25
2022 Métis 8 92 35
2020 Métis 0 100 30

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 89 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 795
2022 Indigenous 11 89 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 800
2022 First Nation 15 85 25
2022 Métis 5 95 35
2020 Indigenous 13 87 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 760
2019 Indigenous 18 82 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 88 740
2019 Métis 21 79 30

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 23 77 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 76 795
2024 Métis 22 78 30
2022 Indigenous 37 63 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 76 800
2022 First Nation 35 65 25
2022 Métis 29 71 35
2020 Indigenous 24 76 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 73 760
2020 Métis 18 82 30
2019 Indigenous 27 73 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 75 740
2019 Métis 38 62 30

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 98 795
2024 First Nation 0 100 25
2022 Indigenous 5 95 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 800
2022 First Nation 6 94 25
2022 Métis 7 93 35
2019 Indigenous 0 100 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 2 98 740
2019 Métis 0 100 30

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 62 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 73 795
2024 First Nation 38 62 25
2024 Métis 37 63 30
2022 Indigenous 16 84 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 78 800
2022 First Nation 23 77 25
2022 Métis 17 83 35
2020 Indigenous 25 75 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 82 760
2020 Métis 18 82 30
2019 Indigenous 25 75 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 78 740
2019 Métis 20 80 30

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 First Nation 0 100 25
2024 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Indigenous 0 100 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 800
2022 First Nation 0 100 25
2022 Métis 0 100 35
2019 Métis 0 100 30

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 37 63 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 72 805
2024 First Nation 39 61 30
2024 Métis 26 74 35
2022 Indigenous 33 67 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 72 800
2022 First Nation 23 77 25
2022 Métis 34 66 35
2020 Indigenous 29 71 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 73 760
2020 Métis 25 75 30
2019 Indigenous 34 66 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 70 735
2019 Métis 29 71 30

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 18 82 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 805
2024 First Nation 18 82 30
2022 Indigenous 18 82 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 800
2022 First Nation 11 89 25
2022 Métis 24 76 35
2020 Indigenous 12 88 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 760
2019 Indigenous 19 81 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 84 735

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 92 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 805
2022 Indigenous 3 97 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 800
2022 First Nation 0 100 25
2022 Métis 6 94 35
2019 Indigenous 10 90 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 3 97 735

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 72 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 80 805
2024 First Nation 32 68 30
2024 Métis 18 82 35
2022 Indigenous 25 75 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 80 800
2022 First Nation 27 73 25
2022 Métis 24 76 35
2020 Indigenous 21 79 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 83 760
2020 Métis 18 82 30
2019 Indigenous 23 77 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 80 735
2019 Métis 32 68 30

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 805
2024 Métis 0 100 35
2022 Indigenous 1 99 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 800
2022 First Nation 0 100 25
2022 Métis 3 97 35
2020 Indigenous 9 91 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 3 97 760
2019 Indigenous 8 92 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 5 95 735

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 78 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 805
2024 First Nation 30 70 30
2022 Indigenous 8 92 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 800
2022 First Nation 6 94 25
2022 Métis 8 92 35
2020 Indigenous 14 86 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 760
2019 Indigenous 11 89 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 735

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 805
2022 Indigenous 8 92 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 800
2022 First Nation 5 95 25
2022 Métis 13 87 35
2020 Métis 0 100 30

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 17 83 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 805
2024 Métis 19 81 35
2022 Indigenous 14 86 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 800
2022 First Nation 14 86 25
2022 Métis 6 94 35
2020 Indigenous 11 89 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 760
2019 Métis 0 100 30

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 58 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 53 47 805
2024 First Nation 37 63 30
2024 Métis 50 50 35
2022 Indigenous 50 50 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 50 800
2022 First Nation 61 39 25
2022 Métis 52 48 35
2020 Indigenous 51 49 60
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 51 760
2020 Métis 57 43 30
2019 Indigenous 50 50 65
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 54 735
2019 Métis 49 51 30

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 720
2024 First Nation 0 100 20
2022 Indigenous 1 99 60
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 715
2022 First Nation 3 97 20
2022 Métis 0 100 30

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 89 55
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 720
2022 Indigenous 12 88 60
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 715
2022 First Nation 17 83 20
2022 Métis 19 81 30
2019 Indigenous 17 83 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 600

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 55
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 720
2024 First Nation 0 100 20
2024 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Indigenous 1 99 60
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 715
2022 First Nation 3 97 20
2022 Métis 0 100 30
2020 Indigenous 0 100 50
2020 Non-Indigenous 4 96 685

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 55
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 98 720
2024 First Nation 0 100 20
2024 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Indigenous 0 100 60
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 715
2022 First Nation 0 100 20
2022 Métis 0 100 30
2020 Indigenous 0 100 50
2020 Non-Indigenous 2 98 685

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 55
2024 Non-Indigenous 1 99 720
2024 First Nation 0 100 20
2024 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Indigenous 3 97 60
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 715
2022 First Nation 2 98 20
2022 Métis 4 96 30
2020 Indigenous 0 100 50
2020 Non-Indigenous 1 99 685

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 98 720
2022 Indigenous 3 97 60
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 715
2022 First Nation 4 96 20
2022 Métis 0 100 30

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 720
2024 First Nation 0 100 20
2022 Indigenous 5 95 60
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 715
2022 First Nation 0 100 20
2022 Métis 5 95 30
2019 Indigenous 9 91 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 94 600

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 92 55
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 720
2022 Indigenous 13 87 60
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 715
2022 First Nation 16 84 20
2022 Métis 18 82 30

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 720
2022 Indigenous 15 85 60
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 715
2022 First Nation 13 87 20
2022 Métis 18 82 30
2020 Indigenous 10 90 50
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 685

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 62 55
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 68 720
2024 First Nation 33 67 20
2024 Métis 35 65 30
2022 Indigenous 49 51 60
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 67 715
2022 First Nation 48 52 20
2022 Métis 45 55 30
2020 Indigenous 33 67 50
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 67 685
2019 Indigenous 35 65 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 69 600

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 17 83 55
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 720
2024 First Nation 25 75 20
2022 Indigenous 8 92 60
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 715
2022 First Nation 7 93 20
2022 Métis 5 95 30
2020 Indigenous 17 83 50
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 685

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 60 40 55
2024 Non-Indigenous 48 52 720
2024 First Nation 54 46 20
2024 Métis 56 44 30
2022 Indigenous 63 37 60
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 55 715
2022 First Nation 61 39 20
2022 Métis 62 38 30
2020 Indigenous 67 33 50
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 50 685
2019 Indigenous 58 42 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 47 53 600

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 98 720
2024 First Nation 0 100 20
2024 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Indigenous 4 96 60
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 715
2022 First Nation 7 93 20
2022 Métis 5 95 30
2020 Indigenous 0 100 50
2020 Non-Indigenous 2 98 685

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 73 27 55
2024 Non-Indigenous 68 32 720
2024 First Nation 75 25 20
2024 Métis 77 23 30
2022 Indigenous 70 30 60
2022 Non-Indigenous 67 33 715
2022 First Nation 59 41 20
2022 Métis 78 22 30
2020 Indigenous 57 43 50
2020 Non-Indigenous 68 32 685
2019 Indigenous 67 33 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 66 34 600

Question 69o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 97 720

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 89 55
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 720
2022 Indigenous 16 84 60
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 715
2022 First Nation 13 87 20
2022 Métis 18 82 30
2020 Indigenous 11 89 50
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 87 685
2019 Indigenous 11 89 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 90 600

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 13 13 9 31 20 3 33 51 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 13 20 9 12 29 6 37 32 5975
2024 First Nation 16 15 12 6 31 18 1 39 47 100
2024 Métis 8 12 14 10 32 21 4 26 55 125
2022 Indigenous 13 11 19 11 23 19 3 31 44 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 14 21 8 11 29 5 40 29 6495
2022 First Nation 22 10 16 9 18 21 3 42 36 95
2022 Métis 9 10 21 12 24 20 4 25 47 130
2020 Indigenous 11 16 21 8 17 20 7 38 34 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 16 18 23 7 8 23 5 47 21 7505
2020 Métis 11 15 22 8 18 20 6 35 35 165
2019 Indigenous 16 14 25 10 17 14 3 36 33 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 17 24 6 10 22 6 44 22 6885
2019 Métis 11 16 29 10 13 17 3 34 29 145

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 22 11 10 28 8 1 46 41 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 24 20 10 13 14 2 50 26 5975
2024 First Nation 25 23 11 7 31 3 0 49 39 100
2024 Métis 16 21 13 12 26 11 1 42 43 125
2022 Indigenous 19 24 15 12 20 8 1 48 35 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 27 20 9 11 12 2 54 23 6495
2022 First Nation 23 24 14 12 16 10 0 53 31 95
2022 Métis 18 26 15 9 20 9 2 49 33 130
2020 Indigenous 18 27 20 10 14 8 2 51 27 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 28 21 8 8 9 1 59 17 7500
2020 Métis 17 28 19 11 16 7 2 50 30 165
2019 Indigenous 24 24 21 10 16 4 1 50 27 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 27 22 7 9 10 1 58 17 6880
2019 Métis 23 27 22 10 11 6 0 54 23 145

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 29 71 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 80 5975
2024 First Nation 25 75 100
2024 Métis 36 64 125
2022 Indigenous 27 73 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 6495
2022 First Nation 22 78 95
2022 Métis 25 75 130
2020 Indigenous 23 77 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 16 84 7490
2020 Métis 21 79 165
2019 Indigenous 26 74 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 80 6905
2019 Métis 22 78 145

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 65 35 75
2024 Non-Indigenous 59 41 1195
2024 First Nation 70 30 25
2024 Métis 66 34 45
2022 Indigenous 49 51 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 46 1105
2022 First Nation 48 52 20
2022 Métis 64 36 30
2020 Indigenous 67 33 65
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 51 1160
2020 Métis 74 26 35

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 63 37 75
2024 Non-Indigenous 66 34 1195
2024 First Nation 70 30 25
2024 Métis 67 33 45
2022 Indigenous 64 36 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 73 27 1105
2022 First Nation 65 35 20
2022 Métis 52 48 30
2020 Indigenous 72 28 65
2020 Non-Indigenous 78 22 1165
2020 Métis 77 23 30
2019 Indigenous 76 24 70
2019 Non-Indigenous 80 20 1340
2019 Métis 70 30 30

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 37 19 12 12 16 4 0 58 29 45
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 35 9 9 10 0 0 72 19 785
2024 First Nation 29 21 6 26 12 6 0 54 40 15
2024 Métis 37 22 15 4 19 2 0 61 23 30
2022 Indigenous 23 23 14 14 23 1 0 47 38 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 32 8 12 9 1 1 71 21 800
2022 First Nation 25 37 13 7 18 0 0 62 25 15
2022 Métis 25 18 3 4 50 0 0 43 54 15
2020 Indigenous 33 33 11 18 5 0 0 66 23 50
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 33 8 8 5 1 0 78 14 915
2020 Métis 28 46 4 17 4 0 0 74 22 25
2019 Indigenous 47 21 6 15 12 0 0 68 27 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 35 7 10 8 0 0 75 18 1070
2019 Métis 50 33 0 12 5 0 0 83 17 20

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 25 8 12 19 5 2 58 34 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 32 10 11 9 3 2 68 21 5970
2024 First Nation 34 26 8 11 16 3 1 63 29 100
2024 Métis 28 26 9 15 17 4 1 57 34 125
2022 Indigenous 29 30 10 11 13 5 1 63 26 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 33 10 9 8 3 3 72 18 6495
2022 First Nation 36 30 3 11 11 8 1 72 24 95
2022 Métis 24 32 15 12 13 2 2 58 26 130
2020 Indigenous 32 29 11 12 13 3 0 64 25 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 30 11 10 6 2 2 72 16 7515
2020 Métis 27 31 13 13 13 2 0 59 27 160
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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 41 25 8 10 16 0 0 66 25 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 29 8 8 11 1 0 72 19 5975
2024 First Nation 49 25 7 8 11 0 0 74 20 100
2024 Métis 37 25 9 12 17 0 0 62 29 125
2022 Indigenous 38 30 6 8 17 2 0 69 25 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 30 8 8 10 1 0 74 18 6500
2022 First Nation 43 26 6 10 12 2 0 71 23 95
2022 Métis 36 34 5 6 17 2 0 72 23 130
2020 Indigenous 37 26 8 12 17 0 0 63 29 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 30 10 10 9 1 0 71 19 7480
2020 Métis 35 23 7 13 22 0 0 59 35 160

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 9 15 16 7 32 7 14 49 31 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 9 16 8 33 7 23 59 19 5955
2024 First Nation 8 21 13 4 44 4 6 54 32 100
2024 Métis 9 12 20 7 28 6 18 46 27 125
2022 Indigenous 12 12 13 5 44 5 9 57 28 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 8 16 8 35 6 22 60 18 6490
2022 First Nation 16 13 10 6 43 3 8 56 33 95
2022 Métis 9 10 12 5 47 8 8 62 23 130

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 29 15 10 28 4 0 45 40 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 35 18 13 14 3 0 54 28 5975
2024 First Nation 17 28 19 8 27 1 0 46 35 100
2024 Métis 11 31 14 12 28 3 1 44 41 125
2022 Indigenous 21 30 13 14 18 3 0 53 33 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 37 17 12 11 3 0 59 24 6495
2022 First Nation 19 37 16 8 18 2 0 57 27 95
2022 Métis 21 30 13 17 17 3 0 52 35 130
2020 Indigenous 26 36 16 10 9 2 0 64 20 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 41 13 9 5 1 0 72 14 7515
2020 Métis 24 36 16 13 9 3 0 61 23 160
2019 Indigenous 24 39 17 10 10 0 0 63 20 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 41 16 10 6 1 0 67 17 6880
2019 Métis 22 38 18 13 10 0 0 60 22 145

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)		 Very good
(%)		 Good
(%)		 Fair
(%)		 Poor
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 19 30 27 13 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 26 35 20 8 5975
2024 First Nation 10 18 27 35 10 100
2024 Métis 8 20 35 26 11 125
2022 Indigenous 9 18 37 24 12 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 26 36 21 7 6495
2022 First Nation 8 20 37 21 14 95
2022 Métis 10 17 38 25 10 130

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 28 10 8 15 2 1 66 23 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 28 13 6 8 3 1 71 15 5975
2024 First Nation 48 21 13 4 12 3 0 71 16 100
2024 Métis 30 32 9 11 15 3 0 64 26 125
2022 Indigenous 39 26 11 8 10 5 0 69 20 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 27 13 6 7 4 1 73 13 6505
2022 First Nation 48 23 8 4 8 9 0 78 13 95
2022 Métis 34 28 14 9 12 3 0 64 22 130
2020 Indigenous 40 20 14 8 12 4 1 64 22 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 28 14 7 7 4 1 70 15 7480
2020 Métis 37 21 12 10 13 5 2 62 25 160

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 23 7 12 24 1 1 56 36 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 25 9 12 17 2 0 61 30 5975
2024 First Nation 41 22 6 13 19 0 0 62 31 100
2024 Métis 30 23 7 10 28 1 0 54 38 125
2022 Indigenous 33 21 8 14 24 1 0 54 38 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 26 9 12 15 2 0 64 27 6500
2022 First Nation 42 17 8 17 16 0 0 58 34 95
2022 Métis 29 24 9 13 23 2 0 54 37 130
2020 Indigenous 29 22 9 15 25 1 1 51 40 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 27 12 14 15 1 0 59 29 7495
2020 Métis 26 23 7 14 29 1 1 50 43 165

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 10 23 14 13 38 1 0 33 52 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 29 15 18 21 2 0 45 39 5970
2024 First Nation 11 27 17 11 34 1 0 38 45 100
2024 Métis 6 22 12 16 43 2 0 28 60 125
2022 Indigenous 15 25 13 22 24 0 0 40 47 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 31 15 17 16 2 0 51 33 6495
2022 First Nation 18 27 15 19 21 0 0 45 40 95
2022 Métis 13 25 13 20 29 0 0 38 49 130
2020 Indigenous 22 26 13 17 21 1 0 49 39 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 30 17 14 13 2 0 56 27 7515
2020 Métis 19 26 10 20 24 0 0 46 44 165
2019 Indigenous 14 24 19 19 25 0 0 37 44 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 30 18 18 16 1 0 47 35 6900
2019 Métis 10 23 18 22 27 0 0 33 49 145

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 41 18 9 7 0 0 66 17 45
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 44 14 17 11 1 0 57 28 1230
2024 First Nation 40 31 18 6 5 0 0 71 10 20
2024 Métis 15 46 21 9 9 0 0 61 18 20
2022 Indigenous 21 39 14 16 9 1 0 61 25 55
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 46 14 16 8 1 0 61 25 1420
2022 First Nation 18 50 6 19 7 0 0 68 26 25
2022 Métis 24 25 23 16 9 2 0 50 26 25
2020 Indigenous 30 44 6 14 5 0 0 74 19 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 19 49 15 12 4 1 0 69 16 1560
2020 First Nation 29 45 6 11 9 0 0 74 21 20
2020 Métis 28 47 7 14 4 0 0 75 18 30
2019 Indigenous 28 38 14 15 5 0 0 66 21 45
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 46 13 15 6 0 1 66 21 1305
2019 First Nation 39 33 6 15 6 0 0 73 21 20
2019 Métis 9 47 19 19 6 0 0 56 25 20

Work-related stress

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 25 15 12 13 0 2 33 67 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 29 16 7 10 1 2 35 65 5945
2024 First Nation 36 26 10 7 16 1 4 38 62 100
2024 Métis 33 24 20 12 11 0 0 33 67 125
2022 Indigenous 27 30 21 6 14 0 1 250
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 28 17 9 13 0 2 6460
2022 First Nation 26 28 23 5 18 0 0 95
2022 Métis 27 32 20 7 12 1 1 130
2020 Indigenous 27 26 22 14 10 0 0 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 28 21 11 10 0 1 7500
2020 Métis 24 26 23 16 11 1 0 165
2019 Indigenous 26 22 18 15 18 0 1 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 26 19 12 17 0 1 6905
2019 Métis 24 20 16 17 23 0 0 145

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 19 23 27 13 17 0 1 19 81 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 27 24 14 13 0 1 22 78 5950
2024 First Nation 22 25 24 9 19 0 1 22 78 100
2024 Métis 17 25 28 15 15 0 1 17 83 125
2022 Indigenous 19 28 24 13 15 0 1 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 28 23 14 14 0 1 6465
2022 First Nation 15 37 21 10 17 0 0 95
2022 Métis 19 24 25 15 15 0 2 130
2020 Indigenous 23 24 27 15 11 0 0 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 28 25 14 10 0 1 7515
2020 Métis 22 25 25 18 10 0 0 165
2019 Indigenous 24 24 25 17 9 0 1 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 28 24 14 12 0 1 6895
2019 Métis 23 20 29 20 8 0 1 145

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 27 20 8 10 0 5 30 70 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 27 19 10 9 1 4 31 69 5945
2024 First Nation 27 34 20 5 10 0 4 28 72 100
2024 Métis 33 26 17 10 9 0 5 35 65 125
2022 Indigenous 33 27 21 7 10 0 3 245
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 28 19 10 9 1 4 6470
2022 First Nation 33 25 21 4 13 0 3 95
2022 Métis 34 25 20 9 8 0 3 125
2020 Indigenous 32 28 18 10 9 0 2 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 30 19 10 7 0 2 7490
2020 Métis 33 27 19 11 8 0 2 160
2019 Indigenous 36 30 18 8 5 0 2 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 29 20 11 7 0 2 6850
2019 Métis 34 35 18 9 4 0 1 145

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 19 12 16 21 31 0 0 19 81 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 19 20 16 25 1 1 18 82 5965
2024 First Nation 23 14 18 17 29 0 0 23 77 100
2024 Métis 16 13 15 22 35 0 1 16 84 125
2022 Indigenous 15 18 19 18 29 0 0 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 18 21 17 26 1 1 6480
2022 First Nation 18 21 15 15 31 0 0 95
2022 Métis 15 13 23 17 32 0 0 130
2020 Indigenous 19 23 20 18 19 1 0 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 24 24 20 16 14 0 1 7485
2020 Métis 17 21 21 22 18 1 0 165
2019 Indigenous 14 15 22 19 29 0 2 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 17 20 20 18 25 0 1 6880
2019 Métis 13 15 21 18 31 0 0 145

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 46 21 12 7 10 1 3 48 52 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 22 12 6 6 1 8 49 51 5960
2024 First Nation 44 21 17 6 9 1 2 45 55 95
2024 Métis 49 18 10 7 11 0 5 52 48 125
2022 Indigenous 43 22 12 7 13 0 3 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 24 14 7 7 1 5 6480
2022 First Nation 46 18 11 5 18 0 3 95
2022 Métis 44 19 14 9 11 0 3 130
2020 Indigenous 47 21 13 8 6 1 3 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 24 12 6 5 0 3 7480
2020 Métis 47 21 14 9 5 1 3 160
2019 Indigenous 43 21 13 12 8 0 4 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 24 14 7 6 0 4 6870
2019 Métis 37 22 15 17 6 0 3 145

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 21 19 16 22 1 1 21 79 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 24 19 13 18 0 1 25 75 5955
2024 First Nation 20 26 18 17 15 2 1 21 79 95
2024 Métis 21 20 16 16 25 1 1 21 79 125
2022 Indigenous 20 24 19 15 21 0 1 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 25 20 12 16 0 1 6485
2022 First Nation 26 25 18 17 15 0 0 95
2022 Métis 16 24 19 15 25 0 2 130
2020 Indigenous 20 24 24 13 18 0 1 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 26 22 13 13 0 1 7505
2020 Métis 21 23 24 12 19 0 1 160
2019 Indigenous 23 21 28 14 14 0 1 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 26 26 21 11 15 0 1 6890
2019 Métis 22 19 26 18 14 0 0 145

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 25 18 13 20 1 1 23 77 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 23 27 20 12 15 1 2 24 76 5945
2024 First Nation 24 26 17 13 16 2 2 25 75 100
2024 Métis 19 28 13 15 25 1 0 19 81 125
2022 Indigenous 19 24 20 14 22 0 1 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 28 20 12 12 1 1 6475
2022 First Nation 25 30 18 9 19 0 0 95
2022 Métis 17 21 18 17 26 0 1 130
2020 Indigenous 27 26 20 14 11 0 1 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 30 21 11 8 1 1 7475
2020 Métis 21 29 21 13 14 0 2 160
2019 Indigenous 24 24 25 13 12 0 2 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 32 23 12 10 1 1 6875
2019 Métis 20 27 27 14 11 0 2 145

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 15 20 25 15 24 0 0 15 85 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 24 20 15 18 1 2 21 79 5965
2024 First Nation 17 23 24 11 25 0 0 17 83 100
2024 Métis 13 22 23 17 24 0 0 13 87 125
2022 Indigenous 14 29 21 17 19 0 1 250
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 26 21 14 15 1 1 6480
2022 First Nation 19 33 18 12 17 0 1 95
2022 Métis 12 26 20 20 22 0 1 125
2020 Indigenous 21 24 25 11 18 1 0 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 28 23 15 11 0 1 7480
2020 Métis 16 24 29 9 21 1 0 160
2019 Indigenous 17 25 23 21 12 0 2 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 28 23 16 12 1 1 6880
2019 Métis 11 30 22 22 14 0 1 145

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 22 18 13 19 1 0 26 74 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 26 26 18 13 16 1 1 26 74 5960
2024 First Nation 31 20 17 10 20 1 1 32 68 100
2024 Métis 22 22 18 18 19 1 0 22 78 125
2022 Indigenous 18 24 27 13 17 0 0 250
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 27 18 13 14 1 1 6490
2022 First Nation 21 21 32 10 14 0 1 95
2022 Métis 16 31 19 13 20 0 1 125
2020 Indigenous 24 28 22 12 13 0 0 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 28 21 13 10 0 1 7480
2020 Métis 20 24 31 11 13 0 0 165
2019 Indigenous 22 24 23 17 13 0 1 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 28 21 14 11 0 1 6870
2019 Métis 17 26 26 20 11 0 1 145

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 26 20 18 10 25 0 1 26 74 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 25 16 10 16 1 1 33 67 5950
2024 First Nation 26 21 20 7 24 0 2 26 74 100
2024 Métis 22 21 17 11 28 0 0 22 78 125
2022 Indigenous 25 23 20 10 22 0 0 250
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 23 16 10 16 1 1 6475
2022 First Nation 30 29 16 9 17 0 0 95
2022 Métis 21 20 23 9 24 0 1 125
2020 Indigenous 33 20 18 9 18 0 1 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 25 16 10 12 0 1 7475
2020 Métis 28 19 22 9 21 0 2 165
2019 Indigenous 32 19 17 14 16 0 1 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 26 17 12 12 0 1 6860
2019 Métis 30 18 19 18 14 0 0 145

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 43 24 15 6 11 1 1 43 57 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 25 13 6 8 1 2 47 53 5955
2024 First Nation 42 27 16 5 9 1 1 43 57 100
2024 Métis 44 24 14 6 11 1 1 45 55 125
2022 Indigenous 38 25 15 9 11 0 1 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 26 14 6 6 1 1 6480
2022 First Nation 39 22 19 8 12 0 0 95
2022 Métis 37 22 14 11 15 0 1 130
2020 Indigenous 30 28 24 7 9 0 2 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 30 21 10 7 0 1 7480
2020 Métis 30 29 21 7 11 0 3 165

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 20 21 14 17 0 0 28 72 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 27 19 12 12 1 1 28 72 5955
2024 First Nation 32 22 18 13 15 0 1 32 68 100
2024 Métis 22 19 27 16 17 0 0 22 78 125
2022 Indigenous 30 22 19 15 13 1 0 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 28 21 12 10 1 1 6480
2022 First Nation 31 23 21 10 13 2 0 95
2022 Métis 29 23 17 18 13 0 1 130
2020 Indigenous 22 25 20 12 20 0 1 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 29 22 13 12 0 1 7480
2020 Métis 16 25 21 14 23 0 1 165
2019 Indigenous 26 26 23 16 8 0 0 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 29 21 13 10 0 1 6845
2019 Métis 19 27 26 20 8 0 0 145

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 19 14 11 18 1 2 37 63 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 22 15 10 15 1 3 36 64 5950
2024 First Nation 37 20 15 10 15 1 3 39 61 100
2024 Métis 34 23 12 12 18 1 2 35 65 125
2022 Indigenous 39 23 15 10 12 0 1 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 23 15 7 10 1 2 6475
2022 First Nation 53 15 15 3 14 0 0 95
2022 Métis 33 24 17 13 13 0 0 130
2020 Indigenous 45 23 16 9 7 0 1 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 27 15 7 6 0 1 7450
2020 Métis 43 23 19 9 5 0 1 160
2019 Indigenous 39 24 15 9 11 0 1 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 25 15 8 7 0 1 6845
2019 Métis 33 28 17 9 10 0 1 145

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 32 15 11 13 0 0 30 70 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 30 16 7 9 0 1 36 64 5950
2024 First Nation 31 31 12 13 12 0 1 31 69 100
2024 Métis 30 30 16 10 14 0 0 30 70 125
2022 Indigenous 44 24 16 7 9 1 0 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 30 15 8 7 0 1 6480
2022 First Nation 54 16 16 6 10 0 0 95
2022 Métis 37 29 17 8 8 1 0 130
2020 Indigenous 33 28 21 9 8 0 1 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 32 19 8 6 0 1 7465
2020 Métis 31 32 21 8 6 0 1 160

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 61 16 8 3 6 2 5 65 35 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 64 13 5 2 4 2 10 73 27 5950
2024 First Nation 65 18 3 2 7 2 3 69 31 100
2024 Métis 63 15 10 3 3 0 6 67 33 125

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 48 16 10 8 14 1 3 50 50 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 54 15 8 4 9 1 8 60 40 5950
2024 First Nation 52 18 10 7 13 0 1 52 48 100
2024 Métis 50 14 9 8 13 1 4 53 47 125

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 46 16 9 7 17 2 2 48 52 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 59 14 8 4 7 2 5 64 36 5955
2024 First Nation 54 13 12 5 14 2 1 55 45 100
2024 Métis 43 19 8 7 20 1 2 45 55 125
2022 Indigenous 52 16 10 5 14 1 2 250
2022 Non-Indigenous 62 14 7 5 7 2 4 6490
2022 First Nation 59 13 11 3 14 0 0 95
2022 Métis 49 18 11 4 13 1 4 130
2020 Indigenous 53 17 8 7 11 1 3 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 68 13 7 4 5 1 2 7460
2020 Métis 53 18 9 7 11 1 2 160
2019 Indigenous 48 17 12 9 12 0 2 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 60 16 9 5 7 1 2 6880
2019 Métis 49 16 13 12 8 0 2 145

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 44 31 9 6 9 0 2 45 55 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 55 24 10 4 4 1 3 56 44 5960
2024 First Nation 46 31 9 6 5 1 2 47 53 100
2024 Métis 43 32 9 7 7 0 1 43 57 125
2022 Indigenous 55 17 13 6 6 0 2 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 57 24 9 4 4 0 2 6480
2022 First Nation 63 12 13 4 8 0 0 95
2022 Métis 51 16 15 8 8 1 2 130
2020 Indigenous 53 24 9 4 7 0 2 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 59 23 9 4 3 0 2 7450
2020 Métis 47 28 10 6 7 0 2 160
2019 Indigenous 40 30 16 7 6 0 1 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 48 29 12 5 4 0 1 6870
2019 Métis 41 31 14 8 4 0 2 145

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 17 14 3 24 1 0 41 59 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 51 19 10 6 10 1 2 53 47 5950
2024 First Nation 47 14 11 3 22 1 1 48 52 100
2024 Métis 35 17 18 5 24 1 0 35 65 125
2022 Indigenous 47 17 9 10 17 0 1 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 19 10 6 9 0 2 6480
2022 First Nation 55 19 10 3 14 0 0 95
2022 Métis 45 17 9 9 18 1 2 130
2020 Indigenous 48 17 10 10 14 0 2 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 57 18 9 7 7 0 1 7475
2020 Métis 45 18 11 12 13 0 2 160
2019 Indigenous 43 22 11 10 13 0 1 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 21 12 7 8 0 1 6840
2019 Métis 37 22 14 13 13 0 1 145

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 55 9 4 1 2 1 27 76 24 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 56 10 4 2 2 1 26 77 23 5955
2024 First Nation 61 10 2 2 1 0 24 80 20 100
2024 Métis 53 5 7 0 1 2 32 81 19 125
2022 Indigenous 58 6 5 3 3 0 24 250
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 10 4 2 2 0 24 6475
2022 First Nation 64 4 3 2 5 0 21 95
2022 Métis 51 6 6 6 4 1 26 130
2020 Indigenous 54 11 5 2 2 1 26 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 58 11 5 2 1 0 23 7485
2020 Métis 51 12 4 2 2 1 28 160
2019 Indigenous 56 9 5 2 3 0 26 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 55 10 6 2 2 0 25 6815
2019 Métis 51 11 3 3 2 0 31 145

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 55 21 7 5 7 0 4 58 42 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 58 20 8 3 4 1 6 62 38 5945
2024 First Nation 63 23 5 2 4 0 3 65 35 100
2024 Métis 50 22 11 7 4 1 5 53 47 125
2022 Indigenous 57 22 11 3 4 0 4 250
2022 Non-Indigenous 59 19 9 4 3 1 5 6470
2022 First Nation 66 18 9 2 4 0 2 95
2022 Métis 54 22 8 4 6 0 6 130
2020 Indigenous 63 20 9 4 3 0 2 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 60 21 9 4 2 0 3 7515
2020 Métis 59 21 8 5 3 0 3 160
2019 Indigenous 58 22 12 3 1 0 4 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 58 21 9 4 3 0 4 6850
2019 Métis 47 25 17 3 1 0 6 145

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 61 16 5 4 9 1 3 64 36 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 62 17 6 3 7 1 5 65 35 5965
2024 First Nation 62 14 5 3 11 0 4 65 35 100
2024 Métis 66 12 7 6 5 2 2 69 31 125
2022 Indigenous 69 14 5 2 6 0 3 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 71 13 5 2 4 1 5 6495
2022 First Nation 73 8 7 0 9 0 1 95
2022 Métis 69 16 4 2 6 0 2 130
2020 Indigenous 71 13 6 4 5 0 2 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 70 17 6 2 3 0 2 7510
2020 Métis 68 15 4 6 6 0 2 165
2019 Indigenous 67 11 9 4 5 0 4 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 71 14 6 3 3 0 3 6885
2019 Métis 61 12 10 7 4 0 6 145

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 45 31 11 6 6 0 1 45 55 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 48 27 13 4 5 1 4 50 50 5960
2024 First Nation 49 27 9 6 5 0 3 50 50 100
2024 Métis 41 34 13 6 6 0 0 41 59 125
2022 Indigenous 48 30 9 6 5 0 2 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 27 13 5 3 0 3 6495
2022 First Nation 54 31 7 2 6 0 1 95
2022 Métis 41 32 11 8 4 1 3 130
2020 Indigenous 42 29 16 6 5 0 2 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 30 15 5 3 0 1 7515
2020 Métis 38 31 16 7 6 0 1 165
2019 Indigenous 49 29 11 6 2 0 2 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 27 13 4 3 0 2 6855
2019 Métis 44 30 16 8 1 0 2 145

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)		 Low
(%)		 Moderate
(%)		 High
(%)		 Very High
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 21 33 22 17 0 0 28 39 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 28 38 16 9 0 0 37 25 5980
2024 First Nation 6 25 30 22 17 0 0 31 39 100
2024 Métis 6 17 39 23 14 0 0 23 38 125
2022 Indigenous 8 28 34 15 14 0 0 36 29 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 29 37 16 8 0 0 39 24 6500
2022 First Nation 13 28 32 9 18 0 0 41 27 95
2022 Métis 6 29 31 18 15 0 0 36 33 130
2020 Indigenous 12 31 27 16 12 1 0 44 29 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 32 34 15 6 0 0 45 21 7510
2020 Métis 10 31 28 20 10 1 0 42 30 165
2019 Indigenous 15 23 33 22 7 0 0 38 29 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 31 34 14 6 0 0 46 20 6900
2019 Métis 13 22 35 23 7 0 0 35 30 145

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 27 30 12 7 0 0 19 51 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 24 37 16 8 0 0 24 40 5960
2024 First Nation 22 26 37 13 3 0 0 15 48 100
2024 Métis 26 31 27 8 9 0 0 16 56 125
2022 Indigenous 20 21 37 15 7 0 0 22 42 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 22 38 17 10 0 0 27 34 6480
2022 First Nation 18 15 44 18 5 0 0 23 34 95
2022 Métis 24 24 30 12 8 0 1 21 49 130
2020 Indigenous 20 22 29 20 8 0 0 29 42 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 20 38 21 8 0 0 29 33 7465
2020 Métis 21 23 29 18 8 0 0 26 45 160
2019 Indigenous 16 30 30 14 10 1 0 24 47 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 20 38 20 9 0 0 30 32 6855
2019 Métis 17 36 28 12 6 1 0 18 54 145
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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 48 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 57 5980
2024 First Nation 20 53 100
2024 Métis 27 47 125
2022 Indigenous 30 41 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 56 6500
2022 First Nation 38 39 95
2022 Métis 28 38 130
2020 Indigenous 34 36 290
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 44 7530
2020 Métis 37 37 165

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 53 47 60
2024 Non-Indigenous 58 42 1070
2024 First Nation 59 41 20
2024 Métis 52 48 30
2022 Indigenous 46 54 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 49 1405
2022 First Nation 45 55 35
2022 Métis 46 54 35
2020 Indigenous 47 53 105
2020 Non-Indigenous 54 46 2245
2020 Métis 55 45 60

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 14 13 6 8 7 16 45 55 260
2024 Non-Indigenous 41 14 8 4 5 7 20 56 44 5970
2024 First Nation 42 12 6 9 8 7 16 55 45 100
2024 Métis 36 12 17 4 9 4 17 46 54 125
2022 Indigenous 44 14 12 5 7 5 12 255
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 15 10 5 5 5 18 6495
2022 First Nation 45 15 11 6 8 4 11 95
2022 Métis 42 15 9 5 9 6 14 130
2020 Indigenous 36 19 12 10 9 5 8 285
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 18 13 8 6 2 10 7505
2020 Métis 35 23 11 11 9 3 8 160
2019 Indigenous 44 19 10 5 16 1 6 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 15 12 8 10 1 8 6810
2019 Métis 39 18 9 7 21 1 5 145

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 7 13 19 20 39 2 0 20 61 60
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 20 13 17 36 2 4 29 57 1075
2024 First Nation 5 10 7 28 50 0 0 15 78 20
2024 Métis 2 15 28 22 31 3 0 18 54 30
2022 Indigenous 11 17 15 22 32 0 3 29 56 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 18 13 20 35 2 4 28 58 1405
2022 First Nation 10 18 13 28 31 0 0 28 59 35
2022 Métis 12 12 18 21 31 0 7 25 55 35
2020 Indigenous 3 17 11 28 38 1 3 20 68 105
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 21 16 21 28 1 3 32 51 2245
2020 Métis 3 10 13 29 41 2 3 13 73 60

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 1 16 17 23 37 2 3 18 64 60
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 16 12 18 35 3 8 26 60 1070
2024 First Nation 0 7 16 15 57 0 4 8 76 20
2024 Métis 0 16 20 29 27 4 4 17 61 30
2022 Indigenous 12 14 15 13 43 1 1 26 58 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 18 14 17 37 2 8 26 59 1405
2022 First Nation 8 14 12 14 53 0 0 22 66 35
2022 Métis 17 11 17 10 39 3 2 30 52 35
2020 Indigenous 5 11 9 21 44 2 8 17 73 105
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 18 16 20 30 1 7 28 55 2240
2020 Métis 5 8 12 21 46 2 6 15 73 60
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