2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Canada School of Public Service by Question 97. Are you currently a shift worker?

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Table of contents

Top of page

Employee engagement

Employee engagement

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 27 36 15 15 0 0 7 68 16 15
2024 Non-shift worker 37 36 11 9 6 1 0 74 14 395
2022 Shift worker 59 27 11 0 3 0 0 86 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 45 36 10 5 4 0 0 81 9 480
2020 Shift worker 42 44 9 0 4 0 0 87 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 43 34 10 7 5 0 0 78 13 470
2019 Shift worker 29 40 18 11 3 0 0 69 14 30
2019 Non-shift worker 37 34 13 11 5 0 0 71 16 460

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 35 20 28 0 16 0 0 56 16 15
2024 Non-shift worker 41 30 13 9 6 0 0 71 15 395
2022 Shift worker 42 47 8 0 3 0 0 89 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 48 33 11 6 2 0 0 81 8 485
2020 Shift worker 47 25 8 10 10 0 0 72 19 20
2020 Non-shift worker 46 28 11 8 7 0 0 74 15 465
2019 Shift worker 31 46 17 3 3 0 0 78 6 30
2019 Non-shift worker 35 31 14 11 8 0 0 66 20 460

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 50 25 25 0 0 0 0 75 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 47 34 11 5 2 0 1 82 7 395
2022 Shift worker 57 29 11 3 0 0 0 86 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 52 33 11 4 1 0 0 85 4 485
2020 Shift worker 57 35 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 53 30 11 4 2 0 0 83 6 465
2019 Shift worker 40 36 14 7 3 0 0 76 10 30
2019 Non-shift worker 47 33 13 5 2 0 0 80 7 460

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 35 33 10 15 7 0 0 68 22 15
2024 Non-shift worker 42 37 10 6 4 0 0 79 10 395
2022 Shift worker 51 40 6 0 3 0 0 91 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 49 36 7 5 2 0 0 86 7 480
2020 Shift worker 57 30 9 0 4 0 0 87 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 46 33 12 5 4 0 0 79 9 465
2019 Shift worker 37 49 8 6 0 0 0 86 6 30
2019 Non-shift worker 40 37 12 7 4 0 0 77 11 460

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 50 28 6 0 16 0 0 78 16 15
2024 Non-shift worker 37 27 16 9 10 1 0 64 19 395
2022 Shift worker 68 23 3 3 3 0 0 91 6 25
2022 Non-shift worker 49 30 11 6 2 1 0 80 8 485
2020 Shift worker 36 34 17 4 4 0 4 73 8 20
2020 Non-shift worker 36 31 15 9 9 0 0 67 18 465
2019 Shift worker 37 38 7 15 3 0 0 75 18 30
2019 Non-shift worker 28 28 17 13 12 2 0 57 26 460

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 45 28 11 0 16 0 0 73 16 15
2024 Non-shift worker 35 29 16 10 9 1 0 65 19 395
2022 Shift worker 61 31 6 0 3 0 0 91 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 47 33 10 8 2 0 0 81 10 485
2020 Shift worker 35 39 18 4 4 0 0 74 8 20
2020 Non-shift worker 37 32 14 10 7 0 0 69 17 465
2019 Shift worker 44 31 7 15 3 0 0 75 18 30
2019 Non-shift worker 29 30 16 12 12 1 0 60 24 460

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 19 34 25 6 16 0 0 53 22 15
2024 Non-shift worker 32 24 14 13 11 6 1 59 26 395
2022 Shift worker 48 20 16 3 6 4 4 74 9 25
2022 Non-shift worker 40 24 14 11 5 5 1 68 17 485
2020 Shift worker 32 29 25 9 4 0 0 61 13 20
2020 Non-shift worker 34 21 19 12 11 3 0 57 24 470
2019 Shift worker 31 27 16 14 3 10 0 64 18 30
2019 Non-shift worker 26 22 20 14 13 4 1 51 28 460
Top of page

Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 40 25 29 6 0 0 0 65 6 15
2024 Non-shift worker 58 25 9 3 2 1 2 86 4 395
2022 Shift worker 39 36 15 0 3 0 6 81 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 60 25 7 3 1 2 3 89 4 480
2020 Shift worker 39 33 10 4 9 4 0 75 14 20
2020 Non-shift worker 66 22 7 1 2 0 1 89 4 470
2019 Shift worker 55 31 9 0 0 0 4 90 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 57 24 11 4 2 1 1 82 6 460

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 48 38 5 0 9 0 0 86 9 15
2024 Non-shift worker 56 27 8 6 2 1 0 84 8 395
2022 Shift worker 75 20 0 2 3 0 0 95 5 25
2022 Non-shift worker 57 27 8 5 2 1 1 85 7 480
2020 Shift worker 43 39 9 8 0 0 0 83 8 20
2020 Non-shift worker 56 27 8 5 3 1 0 84 8 470
2019 Shift worker 54 34 11 0 0 0 0 89 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 50 26 11 5 5 1 1 78 11 455

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 41 37 6 7 9 0 0 78 16 15
2024 Non-shift worker 55 26 9 6 3 1 0 81 10 395
2022 Shift worker 68 23 3 0 5 0 0 92 5 25
2022 Non-shift worker 59 26 6 5 3 0 0 86 7 485
2020 Shift worker 58 29 0 9 4 0 0 87 13 20
2020 Non-shift worker 61 23 8 4 4 0 0 84 8 470
2019 Shift worker 56 34 9 0 0 0 0 91 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 54 24 10 6 5 0 0 78 12 460

Senior management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 65 7 11 0 16 0 0 73 16 15
2024 Non-shift worker 29 27 19 10 10 4 0 58 21 395
2022 Shift worker 44 47 3 0 0 6 0 97 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 40 33 11 6 4 7 1 78 10 480
2020 Shift worker 45 28 15 4 4 0 4 76 8 20
2020 Non-shift worker 35 33 13 8 6 5 0 71 15 470
2019 Shift worker 47 12 12 11 6 8 3 67 19 30
2019 Non-shift worker 26 29 16 14 12 4 0 57 26 460

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 45 9 36 0 9 0 0 55 9 15
2024 Non-shift worker 26 27 18 13 14 3 0 54 27 395
2022 Shift worker 37 45 0 12 0 6 0 87 13 25
2022 Non-shift worker 33 35 14 9 4 4 1 71 14 480
2020 Shift worker 32 45 9 9 4 0 0 77 13 20
2020 Non-shift worker 34 31 13 12 9 1 0 66 22 470
2019 Shift worker 31 30 9 17 6 4 3 65 25 30
2019 Non-shift worker 23 27 17 15 17 1 0 51 32 460

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 23 32 29 0 16 0 0 55 16 15
2024 Non-shift worker 24 23 18 19 13 4 0 49 33 395
2022 Shift worker 33 34 21 6 0 6 0 71 6 25
2022 Non-shift worker 28 34 14 11 6 5 1 67 18 480
2020 Shift worker 27 32 32 9 0 0 0 59 9 20
2020 Non-shift worker 27 32 16 11 11 3 0 61 22 470
2019 Shift worker 17 27 21 22 3 8 3 49 28 30
2019 Non-shift worker 18 25 20 19 16 2 0 44 36 455

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 17 56 18 9 0 0 0 73 9 15
2024 Non-shift worker 22 32 18 14 13 2 0 55 27 395
2022 Shift worker 36 38 5 2 9 9 0 82 13 25
2022 Non-shift worker 30 37 12 12 7 2 0 68 19 480
2020 Shift worker 27 43 13 9 8 0 0 69 17 20
2020 Non-shift worker 25 35 13 15 10 1 0 62 25 465
2019 Shift worker 24 29 18 13 9 4 3 58 23 30
2019 Non-shift worker 18 23 20 21 16 2 0 42 38 460
Top of page

Workforce

Performance management

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 38 28 11 7 9 0 7 71 18 15
2024 Non-shift worker 39 36 12 7 6 0 1 75 13 395
2022 Shift worker 48 37 10 2 3 0 0 85 5 25
2022 Non-shift worker 47 35 10 6 2 0 0 82 8 485
2020 Shift worker 50 19 4 10 17 0 0 68 28 20
2020 Non-shift worker 44 32 10 8 5 0 0 76 13 465
2019 Shift worker 46 28 20 3 3 0 0 74 6 30
2019 Non-shift worker 35 37 13 7 8 0 0 72 15 460

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 47 26 20 7 0 0 0 73 7 15
2024 Non-shift worker 39 41 7 9 4 0 0 81 12 395
2022 Shift worker 50 47 0 0 3 0 0 97 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 41 39 7 10 4 0 0 80 14 480
2020 Shift worker 40 34 8 17 0 0 0 74 17 20
2020 Non-shift worker 35 39 11 11 5 0 0 73 16 465
2019 Shift worker 30 37 16 13 3 0 0 68 16 30
2019 Non-shift worker 25 38 14 14 8 1 0 64 22 460

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 41 32 18 0 9 0 0 73 9 15
2024 Non-shift worker 49 30 9 8 4 0 1 80 12 395
2022 Shift worker 38 37 13 3 5 0 4 78 8 25
2022 Non-shift worker 52 29 8 7 3 0 1 81 10 480
2020 Shift worker 36 47 4 4 9 0 0 83 13 20
2020 Non-shift worker 56 25 9 5 4 0 1 82 9 470
2019 Shift worker 51 31 18 0 0 0 0 82 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 43 29 14 6 5 0 1 74 12 460

Job fit and development

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 32 19 28 14 0 7 0 55 15 15
2024 Non-shift worker 40 32 13 10 4 0 1 73 14 395
2022 Shift worker 50 38 6 0 6 0 0 88 6 25
2022 Non-shift worker 46 37 7 7 2 0 1 84 9 480
2020 Shift worker 37 55 4 4 0 0 0 92 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 34 40 12 10 3 0 1 75 13 470
2019 Shift worker 31 33 17 16 3 0 0 64 19 30
2019 Non-shift worker 29 40 15 10 5 1 0 70 15 460

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 38 41 14 0 7 0 0 79 7 15
2024 Non-shift worker 55 24 9 5 5 0 1 81 10 395
2022 Shift worker 68 23 4 2 3 0 0 90 5 25
2022 Non-shift worker 57 24 9 3 3 2 1 85 6 480
2020 Shift worker 50 24 9 4 13 0 0 73 17 20
2020 Non-shift worker 57 22 10 4 5 1 1 81 9 465

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 21 47 11 14 7 0 0 68 21 15
2024 Non-shift worker 26 30 16 12 13 3 0 58 25 395
2022 Shift worker 36 48 3 9 0 4 0 88 9 25
2022 Non-shift worker 37 32 14 9 3 4 1 73 13 485
2020 Shift worker 31 33 19 0 17 0 0 64 17 20
2020 Non-shift worker 28 33 16 10 9 3 0 63 20 465
2019 Shift worker 28 31 16 19 3 3 0 61 23 30
2019 Non-shift worker 21 30 19 14 11 3 1 54 26 460

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 32 24 22 7 14 0 0 32 68 15
2024 Non-shift worker 41 24 13 7 7 2 7 45 55 395
2022 Shift worker 76 15 3 6 0 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 52 24 11 6 2 0 5 485
2020 Shift worker 57 16 8 4 5 0 9 20
2020 Non-shift worker 51 23 13 6 4 0 1 470
2019 Shift worker 57 16 24 0 0 0 4 30
2019 Non-shift worker 58 19 11 3 5 1 3 460

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 48 0 7 15 13 7 10 58 42 15
2024 Non-shift worker 55 8 6 4 7 2 18 69 31 395

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 54 7 0 0 9 7 22 77 23 15
2024 Non-shift worker 62 9 6 3 3 4 12 75 25 395
2022 Shift worker 81 13 0 3 3 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 78 7 4 1 2 3 4 485
2020 Shift worker 69 0 0 23 0 0 8 20
2020 Non-shift worker 73 9 5 4 3 3 3 470
2019 Shift worker 73 3 14 3 3 0 4 30
2019 Non-shift worker 74 8 6 2 4 4 3 460

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 50 0 15 5 0 7 22 72 28 15
2024 Non-shift worker 68 7 4 0 2 3 16 84 16 395

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 44 12 0 5 9 7 22 63 37 15
2024 Non-shift worker 59 8 6 3 5 3 15 73 27 395

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 15 20 11 33 14 7 0 37 51 15
2024 Non-shift worker 19 25 12 17 18 5 4 49 38 395
2022 Shift worker 42 14 10 14 6 6 8 65 23 25
2022 Non-shift worker 27 30 11 12 12 4 4 62 26 485
2020 Shift worker 32 28 9 12 13 5 0 63 27 20
2020 Non-shift worker 23 26 15 15 15 4 3 52 33 470
2019 Shift worker 21 25 19 23 11 0 0 46 35 30
2019 Non-shift worker 16 22 19 16 20 4 3 41 39 460

Empowerment

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 21 46 23 0 9 0 0 68 9 15
2024 Non-shift worker 36 38 10 9 7 0 0 74 16 395
2022 Shift worker 44 41 10 2 3 0 0 84 5 25
2022 Non-shift worker 43 39 7 7 4 0 0 82 11 485
2020 Shift worker 41 32 9 9 8 0 0 73 17 20
2020 Non-shift worker 41 34 10 8 6 0 0 76 14 465
2019 Shift worker 27 56 3 11 3 0 0 83 14 30
2019 Non-shift worker 34 36 14 9 7 0 0 70 15 460

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 26 40 19 15 0 0 0 66 15 15
2024 Non-shift worker 43 36 8 7 6 0 0 79 13 395
2022 Shift worker 55 28 6 9 3 0 0 83 11 25
2022 Non-shift worker 53 32 8 5 2 0 0 84 7 480
2020 Shift worker 45 37 9 4 4 0 0 83 8 20
2020 Non-shift worker 49 33 8 4 6 0 0 82 10 465
2019 Shift worker 44 38 14 0 3 0 0 82 3 30
2019 Non-shift worker 41 33 14 8 4 0 0 74 12 460

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 38 41 5 9 7 0 0 79 16 15
2024 Non-shift worker 43 35 9 8 4 0 0 78 12 395
2022 Shift worker 45 41 11 0 3 0 0 86 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 49 34 8 7 2 0 1 84 8 480
2020 Shift worker 52 32 4 8 4 0 0 84 12 20
2020 Non-shift worker 39 36 12 7 5 0 0 75 12 465
2019 Shift worker 30 41 15 5 6 4 0 73 11 30
2019 Non-shift worker 34 37 13 9 5 0 0 72 14 450

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 25 26 26 9 7 7 0 55 17 15
2024 Non-shift worker 31 38 14 8 5 4 0 72 13 395
2022 Shift worker 38 35 19 3 0 6 0 77 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 37 40 12 6 2 2 1 79 8 485
2020 Shift worker 23 49 10 8 4 5 0 76 13 20
2020 Non-shift worker 32 38 16 7 4 4 0 72 12 470
2019 Shift worker 24 55 13 3 3 3 0 81 6 30
2019 Non-shift worker 24 38 22 6 6 3 0 65 13 460

Work-life balance and workload

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 45 14 6 12 9 0 14 68 25 15
2024 Non-shift worker 43 26 9 11 10 0 0 69 21 395
2022 Shift worker 57 29 11 3 0 0 0 86 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 59 27 6 4 4 0 0 86 8 480
2020 Shift worker 36 37 18 8 0 0 0 73 8 20
2020 Non-shift worker 50 30 8 7 4 0 0 81 11 465
2019 Shift worker 54 30 10 3 3 0 0 84 6 30
2019 Non-shift worker 50 32 8 6 4 0 0 82 10 460

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 70 14 9 7 0 0 0 84 7 15
2024 Non-shift worker 50 34 11 4 1 0 0 84 5 395
2022 Shift worker 55 45 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 45 37 11 5 3 0 0 82 7 480
2020 Shift worker 48 40 4 4 4 0 0 88 8 20
2020 Non-shift worker 32 35 21 7 4 0 0 67 11 465
2019 Shift worker 59 35 3 0 3 0 0 94 3 30
2019 Non-shift worker 41 30 16 7 5 0 0 71 12 455

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 43 36 5 0 16 0 0 79 16 15
2024 Non-shift worker 57 26 8 3 3 1 1 85 7 395
2022 Shift worker 70 18 9 3 0 0 0 88 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 68 21 5 1 2 1 1 92 3 480

Mobility and retention

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Unsure
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 38 6 56 15
2024 Non-shift worker 39 25 36 395
2022 Shift worker 54 15 31 25
2022 Non-shift worker 43 27 30 485
2020 Shift worker 21 41 37 20
2020 Non-shift worker 39 27 34 470
2019 Shift worker 53 13 34 30
2019 Non-shift worker 41 23 36 465

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.

Survey year Demographic To retire
(%)
To pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)
To pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)
To pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)
End of my term, casual or student employment
(%)
Other reason
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 17 19 48 5 1 10 155
2022 Shift worker 12 12 32 11 19 14 15
2022 Non-shift worker 10 23 42 4 8 12 205
2019 Shift worker 0 20 30 0 50 0 15
2019 Non-shift worker 8 14 61 2 8 7 195
Top of page

Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 57 26 0 16 0 0 0 84 16 15
2024 Non-shift worker 51 31 8 8 2 0 0 82 10 395
2022 Shift worker 55 30 12 0 3 0 0 85 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 56 32 7 3 1 0 0 89 4 480
2020 Shift worker 51 33 8 8 0 0 0 84 8 20
2020 Non-shift worker 50 33 10 4 3 1 0 84 6 465
2019 Shift worker 27 51 10 8 3 0 0 79 11 30
2019 Non-shift worker 41 35 13 6 5 1 0 76 11 460

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 32 43 21 5 0 0 0 74 5 15
2024 Non-shift worker 29 36 16 9 8 3 0 66 17 395
2022 Shift worker 43 41 14 2 0 0 0 84 2 25
2022 Non-shift worker 32 43 13 7 4 1 0 75 11 480
2020 Shift worker 26 57 5 8 4 0 0 83 12 20
2020 Non-shift worker 26 42 14 12 5 0 0 69 17 470
2019 Shift worker 24 54 7 8 6 0 0 79 14 30
2019 Non-shift worker 19 38 19 15 9 0 0 57 24 460

Organizational performance

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 28 8 22 23 19 0 0 42 36 15
2024 Non-shift worker 8 26 36 15 10 1 3 27 36 395
2022 Shift worker 12 18 40 18 6 0 7 25 32 25
2022 Non-shift worker 7 23 32 23 13 1 2 36 30 480
2020 Shift worker 4 55 15 10 11 4 0 22 62 20
2020 Non-shift worker 12 26 37 17 6 1 1 24 39 470
2019 Shift worker 18 31 16 20 14 0 0 34 49 30
2019 Non-shift worker 18 30 33 11 7 1 1 18 48 465

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 30 19 26 25 0 0 0 25 49 15
2024 Non-shift worker 20 23 27 17 10 0 3 28 44 395
2022 Shift worker 25 7 22 27 9 3 7 40 35 25
2022 Non-shift worker 13 22 34 19 9 1 2 30 36 480
2020 Shift worker 14 28 25 18 6 9 0 26 46 20
2020 Non-shift worker 14 23 28 21 10 2 2 32 38 465
2019 Shift worker 24 12 27 19 7 11 0 29 40 30
2019 Non-shift worker 28 23 23 14 8 2 1 23 53 460

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 8 0 41 19 33 0 0 51 8 10
2024 Non-shift worker 7 13 26 32 17 0 4 51 22 395
2022 Shift worker 5 9 32 12 38 4 0 52 15 25
2022 Non-shift worker 5 10 28 35 18 1 3 55 15 480
2020 Shift worker 0 31 29 18 19 4 0 38 32 20
2020 Non-shift worker 9 20 33 25 11 1 1 37 30 465
2019 Shift worker 9 10 29 30 22 0 0 52 19 30
2019 Non-shift worker 13 18 30 24 14 0 1 38 31 460

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 16 15 0 38 24 0 7 66 34 15
2024 Non-shift worker 15 18 31 15 15 1 5 32 35 395
2022 Shift worker 9 11 8 24 27 0 20 64 26 25
2022 Non-shift worker 9 18 24 25 17 2 5 45 28 475
2020 Shift worker 20 18 21 13 16 4 8 33 43 20
2020 Non-shift worker 15 24 27 17 12 2 2 31 41 470
2019 Shift worker 12 23 27 21 10 3 4 34 37 30
2019 Non-shift worker 21 21 23 19 12 1 2 32 44 460

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 7 23 27 12 24 0 7 39 32 15
2024 Non-shift worker 9 19 26 21 17 3 4 41 30 395
2022 Shift worker 5 20 25 21 18 10 0 44 28 25
2022 Non-shift worker 9 16 27 24 15 4 4 43 27 480
2020 Shift worker 17 11 25 33 5 4 4 42 30 20
2020 Non-shift worker 14 17 29 24 11 4 2 37 33 465
2019 Shift worker 16 14 12 24 21 6 8 52 35 30
2019 Non-shift worker 24 23 20 15 13 4 1 30 49 460

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 23 0 30 21 10 15 0 37 27 15
2024 Non-shift worker 15 21 29 17 11 2 4 31 38 395
2022 Shift worker 11 11 28 28 8 7 7 43 25 25
2022 Non-shift worker 12 20 33 20 11 2 2 33 33 480
2020 Shift worker 22 13 23 20 15 4 4 37 38 20
2020 Non-shift worker 15 23 31 19 10 1 1 29 39 470
2019 Shift worker 19 11 27 18 17 9 0 38 32 30
2019 Non-shift worker 22 23 27 15 10 2 1 27 46 460

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 0 0 37 18 45 0 0 63 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 2 5 27 34 25 1 5 63 8 395
2022 Shift worker 0 6 24 23 30 10 7 64 7 25
2022 Non-shift worker 4 9 27 34 23 1 3 59 13 480
2020 Shift worker 8 12 13 48 15 4 0 65 21 20
2020 Non-shift worker 6 15 37 30 12 0 1 42 21 470
2019 Shift worker 13 25 12 34 14 3 0 49 39 30
2019 Non-shift worker 9 19 26 27 17 0 0 45 29 460

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 32 35 11 13 9 0 0 67 22 15
2024 Non-shift worker 17 28 22 17 12 4 0 47 30 395
2022 Shift worker 37 35 23 2 3 0 0 72 5 25
2022 Non-shift worker 22 32 21 13 8 3 0 56 22 480
2020 Shift worker 21 42 24 4 8 0 0 64 12 20
2020 Non-shift worker 18 33 21 15 10 3 0 52 26 465
2019 Shift worker 13 33 33 8 9 4 0 48 17 30
2019 Non-shift worker 10 22 20 25 20 2 0 33 46 455

Diversity and inclusion

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 39 46 15 0 0 0 0 85 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 54 31 4 5 6 0 0 85 11 395
2022 Shift worker 66 25 6 0 3 0 0 91 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 61 28 4 4 2 1 0 90 6 480
2020 Shift worker 55 24 8 13 0 0 0 79 13 20
2020 Non-shift worker 57 25 7 7 4 1 0 83 11 470
2019 Shift worker 57 34 3 6 0 0 0 91 6 30
2019 Non-shift worker 52 28 7 6 5 0 0 81 12 460

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 64 36 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 59 30 4 5 1 0 0 90 6 395
2022 Shift worker 63 37 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 67 27 3 2 0 0 0 94 3 480
2020 Shift worker 51 37 12 0 0 0 0 88 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 62 27 5 3 3 0 0 90 5 465
2019 Shift worker 62 28 7 3 0 0 0 90 3 30
2019 Non-shift worker 55 32 7 4 2 0 0 86 6 460

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 46 20 18 9 7 0 0 66 16 15
2024 Non-shift worker 52 35 6 4 2 1 0 88 6 395
2022 Shift worker 68 22 6 0 0 3 0 93 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 60 30 7 3 1 0 0 90 3 480
2020 Shift worker 40 41 15 4 0 0 0 81 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 55 33 5 4 2 0 0 88 6 470
2019 Shift worker 44 40 10 6 0 0 0 84 6 30
2019 Non-shift worker 50 34 10 3 3 0 0 85 5 460

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 47 19 25 9 0 0 0 66 9 15
2024 Non-shift worker 37 35 12 6 6 4 0 75 12 395
2022 Shift worker 51 37 6 3 0 3 0 91 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 51 34 8 3 2 2 0 86 5 485
2020 Shift worker 40 37 4 9 4 5 0 82 14 20
2020 Non-shift worker 42 36 11 6 4 1 0 79 10 460
2019 Shift worker 47 32 12 3 3 3 0 81 6 30
2019 Non-shift worker 35 36 13 9 5 2 0 73 14 460

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 59 19 13 0 9 0 0 78 9 15
2024 Non-shift worker 37 37 11 5 4 7 0 79 9 395
2022 Shift worker 51 36 7 0 0 6 0 93 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 47 33 9 3 1 6 1 86 4 480
2020 Shift worker 40 37 13 4 0 5 0 82 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 42 32 15 3 3 5 0 78 7 465
2019 Shift worker 46 38 9 0 6 0 0 85 6 30
2019 Non-shift worker 37 31 19 4 4 4 0 71 9 460

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 64 14 15 7 0 0 0 78 7 15
2024 Non-shift worker 48 33 9 6 4 1 0 82 9 395
2022 Shift worker 75 16 6 0 3 0 0 91 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 58 32 5 4 1 0 0 91 5 485
2020 Shift worker 47 40 0 13 0 0 0 87 13 20
2020 Non-shift worker 53 30 9 4 3 0 0 83 7 465
2019 Shift worker 54 28 15 0 3 0 0 82 3 30
2019 Non-shift worker 46 33 10 5 5 0 0 80 10 460

Anti-racism

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 16 22 22 6 17 0 17 46 27 15
2024 Non-shift worker 43 25 8 7 8 5 5 76 16 395
2022 Shift worker 43 38 0 3 0 9 6 96 4 25
2022 Non-shift worker 50 23 8 4 3 7 4 83 8 485

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 16 22 15 7 8 15 17 56 22 15
2024 Non-shift worker 41 25 9 7 6 8 4 75 15 395
2022 Shift worker 45 39 0 0 0 9 6 100 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 50 24 7 4 3 7 4 83 9 485

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 41 14 17 6 0 22 0 71 8 15
2024 Non-shift worker 30 24 17 6 3 18 1 67 12 395
2022 Shift worker 51 27 4 0 3 15 0 92 4 25
2022 Non-shift worker 42 26 15 2 1 14 1 80 3 480
2020 Shift worker 38 40 8 4 0 10 0 86 5 20
2020 Non-shift worker 44 28 15 5 3 5 0 77 8 465

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 45 18 0 9 15 6 7 72 28 15
2024 Non-shift worker 39 32 9 7 7 4 2 76 15 395
2022 Shift worker 48 34 0 0 0 15 3 100 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 49 31 7 3 3 5 3 86 6 485
2020 Shift worker 46 35 5 4 4 5 0 85 9 20
2020 Non-shift worker 52 28 8 6 3 3 1 83 9 465

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 15 15 10 0 0 39 21 75 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 16 18 17 4 4 35 4 57 14 395
2022 Shift worker 28 12 8 0 0 43 10 83 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 20 20 18 2 3 34 4 64 7 480

Ethical workplace

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 26 35 6 7 9 0 16 73 19 15
2024 Non-shift worker 25 32 16 7 8 5 7 64 17 395
2022 Shift worker 18 32 17 3 5 10 14 66 12 25
2022 Non-shift worker 35 32 11 6 3 7 5 77 10 480
2020 Shift worker 32 24 19 13 4 4 4 61 19 20
2020 Non-shift worker 36 31 13 8 5 5 2 72 14 470
2019 Shift worker 31 29 24 6 0 6 4 67 7 30
2019 Non-shift worker 35 30 17 7 5 3 2 69 13 460

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 26 36 7 20 0 0 10 69 22 15
2024 Non-shift worker 37 31 11 10 7 3 1 71 18 395
2022 Shift worker 45 30 18 3 0 3 0 79 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 45 34 8 7 3 2 0 81 11 480
2020 Shift worker 43 29 15 0 8 5 0 76 8 20
2020 Non-shift worker 45 34 9 5 5 2 1 81 10 470
2019 Shift worker 34 36 17 6 3 4 0 73 9 30
2019 Non-shift worker 36 33 14 9 5 3 1 72 14 460

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 53 26 21 0 0 0 0 79 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 39 33 15 4 7 2 0 74 11 395
2022 Shift worker 45 46 6 3 0 0 0 91 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 41 37 13 5 2 2 1 80 7 485
2020 Shift worker 43 34 10 4 8 0 0 77 12 20
2020 Non-shift worker 40 34 16 5 3 2 0 75 9 470
2019 Shift worker 23 51 16 0 6 4 0 77 6 30
2019 Non-shift worker 27 31 23 11 6 2 0 59 17 460

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 23 38 5 15 14 5 0 64 31 15
2024 Non-shift worker 21 21 17 13 14 13 2 49 31 395
2022 Shift worker 44 35 12 0 3 6 0 84 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 26 25 17 7 7 14 3 62 17 485
2020 Shift worker 31 28 10 9 8 13 0 68 20 20
2020 Non-shift worker 22 25 15 14 10 10 3 55 28 465
2019 Shift worker 31 27 20 8 3 7 4 64 13 30
2019 Non-shift worker 18 17 23 12 13 13 3 43 30 460

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 58 35 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 47 38 4 9 3 0 0 85 12 395
2022 Shift worker 72 25 3 0 0 0 0 97 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 46 40 4 8 2 0 0 86 10 480
2020 Shift worker 41 46 9 4 0 0 0 87 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 38 43 6 11 2 0 0 81 13 470

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 16 25 12 20 20 0 7 44 43 15
2024 Non-shift worker 29 27 9 18 16 0 0 57 35 395
2022 Shift worker 59 32 6 0 3 0 0 91 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 56 28 5 4 4 1 2 87 8 480
2020 Shift worker 46 27 13 13 0 0 0 73 13 20
2020 Non-shift worker 39 37 9 11 3 0 1 77 14 465
2019 Shift worker 54 28 8 10 0 0 0 83 10 30
2019 Non-shift worker 44 32 8 12 3 0 0 77 15 460

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 26 27 29 11 0 7 0 57 12 15
2024 Non-shift worker 47 33 9 6 5 0 0 81 11 395
2022 Shift worker 62 29 9 0 0 0 0 91 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 59 32 4 3 1 0 0 91 4 480
2020 Shift worker 32 51 13 0 4 0 0 83 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 43 36 11 7 3 0 0 79 10 465
2019 Shift worker 47 31 12 7 3 0 0 78 10 30
2019 Non-shift worker 47 33 11 5 3 0 0 81 8 460

Use of official languages

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 77 16 0 7 0 0 0 93 7 15
2024 Non-shift worker 68 19 5 6 2 0 0 87 8 395

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 60 17 7 16 0 0 0 77 16 15
2024 Non-shift worker 60 23 6 9 3 0 0 83 11 395

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 91 0 0 9 0 0 0 91 9 15
2024 Non-shift worker 84 10 3 1 0 0 0 95 1 395
2022 Shift worker 83 17 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 87 10 1 1 0 0 0 98 1 485
2019 Shift worker 82 8 4 5 0 0 0 91 5 30
2019 Non-shift worker 81 13 3 1 1 0 1 95 2 455

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 56 30 14 0 0 0 0 86 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 43 31 18 5 1 2 0 76 6 395
2022 Shift worker 65 33 0 0 2 0 0 98 2 25
2022 Non-shift worker 50 33 12 3 1 1 0 84 4 485
2020 Shift worker 56 21 18 0 4 0 0 78 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 49 26 14 7 2 1 0 76 10 470
2019 Shift worker 52 20 14 4 6 0 3 75 10 30
2019 Non-shift worker 40 24 20 10 4 2 0 66 14 460

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 10 90 395
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 480

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 28 72 40
2022 Non-shift worker 40 60 45

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 77 23 40
2022 Non-shift worker 53 47 45

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 18 82 45

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 45

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 6 94 45

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 45

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 3 97 45

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 20 80 40
2022 Non-shift worker 37 63 45

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 53 47 40
2022 Non-shift worker 35 65 45

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 47 53 40
2022 Non-shift worker 42 58 45

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 30 70 40
2022 Non-shift worker 39 61 45

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 28 72 40
2022 Non-shift worker 27 73 45

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 47 53 40
2022 Non-shift worker 59 41 45

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 29 71 40
2022 Non-shift worker 37 63 45

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 45

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 12 88 40
2022 Non-shift worker 5 95 45

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 14 86 40
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 45

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 55 45 40
2022 Non-shift worker 36 64 45

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 13 87 45

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 15 85 40
2022 Non-shift worker 21 79 45

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 59 41 40
2022 Non-shift worker 50 50 45

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 32 68 40
2022 Non-shift worker 29 71 45

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 28 72 40
2022 Non-shift worker 13 87 45

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 24 76 40
2022 Non-shift worker 6 94 45

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 15 85 40
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 45

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 2 98 45

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 14 86 40
2022 Non-shift worker 7 93 45

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 13 87 40
2022 Non-shift worker 15 85 45

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 24 76 40
2022 Non-shift worker 32 68 45

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 10 90 45

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 19 81 45

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 45

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 11 89 45

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 14 86 35
2022 Non-shift worker 11 89 45

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 19 81 35
2022 Non-shift worker 14 86 45

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 15 85 35
2022 Non-shift worker 22 78 45

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 16 84 35
2022 Non-shift worker 12 88 45

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 20 80 35
2022 Non-shift worker 15 85 45

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 29 71 35
2022 Non-shift worker 27 73 45

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 45

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 51 49 35
2022 Non-shift worker 32 68 45

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 35
2022 Non-shift worker 2 98 45

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 61 39 35
2022 Non-shift worker 41 59 45

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 16 84 35
2022 Non-shift worker 19 81 45

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 15 11 11 7 5 38 13 53 25 395
2022 Shift worker 27 23 9 4 3 22 12 76 10 25
2022 Non-shift worker 17 12 10 2 2 43 13 68 8 485
2020 Shift worker 23 25 16 4 0 19 13 70 6 20
2020 Non-shift worker 20 15 14 4 4 35 7 62 14 470
2019 Shift worker 17 16 20 6 0 20 22 55 11 30
2019 Non-shift worker 15 13 19 8 7 29 8 44 25 460

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 45 26 7 9 0 13 0 81 10 15
2024 Non-shift worker 29 27 15 7 4 16 1 69 12 395
2022 Shift worker 52 29 6 0 3 10 0 90 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 40 30 9 2 2 16 1 84 4 480
2020 Shift worker 45 27 9 4 0 9 5 84 5 20
2020 Non-shift worker 35 28 14 5 3 14 1 74 9 470
2019 Shift worker 33 32 11 0 3 17 4 82 4 30
2019 Non-shift worker 26 27 23 6 6 11 1 60 14 465

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 395
2022 Non-shift worker 5 95 485

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 26 74 40
2022 Non-shift worker 21 79 20

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 77 23 40
2022 Non-shift worker 69 31 20

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 20

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 20

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 13 87 40
2022 Non-shift worker 13 87 20

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 20

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 18 82 40
2022 Non-shift worker 18 82 20

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 48 52 40
2022 Non-shift worker 27 73 20

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 17 83 40
2022 Non-shift worker 34 66 20

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 33 67 40
2022 Non-shift worker 13 87 20

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 20

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 24 76 40
2022 Non-shift worker 18 82 20

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 29 71 40
2022 Non-shift worker 41 59 20

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 15 85 20

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 16 84 20

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 20

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 13 87 40
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 20

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 20

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 23 77 40
2022 Non-shift worker 16 84 20

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 20

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 36 64 40
2022 Non-shift worker 31 69 20

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 17 83 40
2022 Non-shift worker 18 82 20

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 20

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 20

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 20

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 20

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 20

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 26 74 20

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 43 57 40
2022 Non-shift worker 48 52 20

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 20

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 19 81 40
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 20

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 20

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 20

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 20

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 40
2022 Non-shift worker 13 87 20

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 17 83 20

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 22 78 40
2022 Non-shift worker 15 85 20

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 19 81 40
2022 Non-shift worker 29 71 20

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 24 76 40
2022 Non-shift worker 35 65 20

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 13 87 20

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 51 49 40
2022 Non-shift worker 45 55 20

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 20

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 64 36 40
2022 Non-shift worker 65 35 20

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 20 80 20

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 15 11 15 5 3 40 10 54 16 395
2022 Shift worker 31 26 6 0 3 29 6 87 4 25
2022 Non-shift worker 19 14 9 2 1 44 11 73 7 480
2020 Shift worker 33 9 18 4 4 15 17 62 12 20
2020 Non-shift worker 22 14 16 3 2 37 5 63 10 465
2019 Shift worker 17 21 11 4 3 23 21 67 12 30
2019 Non-shift worker 16 13 21 3 4 33 9 51 12 460

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 29 30 13 6 3 18 2 72 11 395
2022 Shift worker 56 32 6 3 3 0 0 88 6 25
2022 Non-shift worker 38 33 9 2 1 15 2 85 4 480
2020 Shift worker 41 31 9 4 4 5 5 81 9 20
2020 Non-shift worker 36 27 16 4 3 13 1 73 8 470
2019 Shift worker 35 31 12 0 6 10 6 78 7 30
2019 Non-shift worker 27 26 22 4 4 15 2 64 10 460

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 15 85 15
2024 Non-shift worker 20 80 395
2022 Shift worker 6 94 25
2022 Non-shift worker 10 90 485
2020 Shift worker 18 82 20
2020 Non-shift worker 15 85 465
2019 Shift worker 10 90 30
2019 Non-shift worker 18 82 460

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 52 48 75
2022 Non-shift worker 71 29 50

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 78 22 75
2022 Non-shift worker 86 14 50

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 40 27 7 16 10 0 0 67 26 60
2022 Non-shift worker 51 41 6 0 2 0 0 92 2 45

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 42 24 6 7 21 0 0 66 28 15
2024 Non-shift worker 48 29 8 5 4 3 2 81 10 395
2022 Shift worker 55 33 3 3 3 0 2 91 6 25
2022 Non-shift worker 55 32 5 1 1 3 3 93 3 480
2020 Shift worker 58 34 4 4 0 0 0 92 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 57 28 5 3 2 2 2 88 6 470
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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 25 54 5 9 7 0 0 79 16 15
2024 Non-shift worker 57 25 6 4 6 2 1 84 10 395
2022 Shift worker 60 23 4 2 6 4 0 88 9 25
2022 Non-shift worker 62 26 3 3 4 1 0 90 7 485
2020 Shift worker 44 43 13 0 0 0 0 87 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 56 30 6 4 3 1 0 87 7 465

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 0 0 9 21 25 7 38 83 0 15
2024 Non-shift worker 3 7 10 7 37 7 29 68 17 395
2022 Shift worker 5 0 3 13 33 16 30 85 9 25
2022 Non-shift worker 3 2 8 6 46 5 29 80 8 480

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 36 30 25 0 9 0 0 66 9 15
2024 Non-shift worker 28 38 16 8 6 4 0 68 15 395
2022 Shift worker 39 38 8 3 3 10 0 85 6 25
2022 Non-shift worker 33 41 14 5 2 5 0 77 8 480
2020 Shift worker 32 56 4 0 4 4 0 92 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 38 40 11 5 3 3 0 80 9 470
2019 Shift worker 27 38 22 7 3 3 0 67 10 30
2019 Non-shift worker 23 37 24 9 4 3 0 62 13 460

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?

Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)
Very good
(%)
Good
(%)
Fair
(%)
Poor
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 0 20 44 29 7 15
2024 Non-shift worker 10 32 35 17 7 395
2022 Shift worker 17 39 45 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 11 33 37 15 4 485

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 44 23 24 9 0 0 0 66 9 15
2024 Non-shift worker 59 23 6 4 3 4 1 87 7 395
2022 Shift worker 65 19 8 2 3 3 0 87 6 25
2022 Non-shift worker 62 24 6 4 1 2 0 88 5 480
2020 Shift worker 46 36 18 0 0 0 0 82 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 57 25 10 3 3 2 0 84 6 460

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 31 42 0 22 5 0 0 73 27 15
2024 Non-shift worker 51 23 6 8 8 2 1 77 17 395
2022 Shift worker 52 23 7 2 16 0 0 74 19 25
2022 Non-shift worker 55 27 5 6 5 2 0 83 11 480
2020 Shift worker 39 32 25 4 0 0 0 71 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 46 30 8 7 8 1 0 77 15 465

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 9 51 24 0 16 0 0 60 16 15
2024 Non-shift worker 28 37 12 14 8 0 0 66 22 395
2022 Shift worker 32 50 10 6 3 0 0 82 8 25
2022 Non-shift worker 39 41 9 6 3 2 0 81 9 485
2020 Shift worker 47 20 16 9 4 0 4 69 14 20
2020 Non-shift worker 34 37 14 9 6 0 0 71 15 470
2019 Shift worker 21 51 20 6 3 0 0 72 9 30
2019 Non-shift worker 21 33 21 13 10 2 0 55 23 460

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 28 46 9 10 5 1 0 75 15 125
2022 Non-shift worker 31 42 16 10 1 1 1 74 11 155

Work-related stress

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 47 5 13 21 13 0 0 47 53 15
2024 Non-shift worker 45 22 15 5 8 2 3 47 53 395
2022 Shift worker 44 8 30 12 0 0 6 25
2022 Non-shift worker 39 23 18 7 11 0 3 480
2020 Shift worker 48 24 0 24 4 0 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 39 27 16 10 7 0 1 470
2019 Shift worker 22 27 21 22 7 0 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 28 26 21 12 12 0 1 460

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 30 22 17 16 14 0 0 30 70 15
2024 Non-shift worker 24 32 29 9 5 1 0 24 76 395
2022 Shift worker 38 15 25 23 0 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 21 31 25 14 8 0 1 480
2020 Shift worker 25 24 20 19 12 0 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 15 24 29 19 12 0 0 470
2019 Shift worker 30 24 26 8 13 0 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 22 27 25 14 12 0 1 460

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 28 36 7 0 29 0 0 28 72 10
2024 Non-shift worker 33 33 17 10 6 1 2 33 67 395
2022 Shift worker 33 26 23 6 10 3 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 29 34 21 8 5 0 3 480
2020 Shift worker 24 23 37 8 8 0 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 23 28 23 17 9 0 0 470
2019 Shift worker 45 16 18 15 6 0 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 26 28 23 11 11 0 1 455

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 31 21 11 14 23 0 0 31 69 15
2024 Non-shift worker 23 24 26 11 14 1 2 23 77 395
2022 Shift worker 42 20 8 17 9 3 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 25 28 20 11 13 1 2 480
2020 Shift worker 25 19 23 16 17 0 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 16 24 21 21 15 1 1 465
2019 Shift worker 27 25 15 20 13 0 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 18 21 24 19 16 0 1 455

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 58 28 7 0 7 0 0 58 42 15
2024 Non-shift worker 56 24 8 2 2 0 8 61 39 395
2022 Shift worker 60 18 10 0 0 3 9 25
2022 Non-shift worker 51 24 10 5 4 0 7 480
2020 Shift worker 48 23 13 4 4 0 8 20
2020 Non-shift worker 35 32 17 7 7 1 3 465
2019 Shift worker 54 26 8 0 3 3 7 30
2019 Non-shift worker 48 22 12 9 5 0 4 460

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 22 39 6 5 28 0 0 22 78 15
2024 Non-shift worker 31 24 17 11 16 1 1 32 68 395
2022 Shift worker 59 17 13 6 3 0 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 38 28 18 9 7 0 1 485
2020 Shift worker 47 19 27 4 0 0 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 30 27 22 11 9 1 0 465
2019 Shift worker 56 4 27 11 3 0 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 39 27 18 8 8 0 1 460

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 27 27 17 6 23 0 0 27 73 15
2024 Non-shift worker 32 27 21 11 6 2 2 33 67 395
2022 Shift worker 58 17 11 3 3 3 6 25
2022 Non-shift worker 38 29 18 7 6 0 2 480
2020 Shift worker 36 25 26 9 0 0 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 30 32 21 9 5 1 1 465
2019 Shift worker 38 24 22 14 3 0 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 28 30 19 12 9 0 2 465

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 30 40 7 9 14 0 0 30 70 15
2024 Non-shift worker 29 29 22 7 10 1 1 30 70 395
2022 Shift worker 49 17 20 9 6 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 31 30 21 8 8 0 2 480
2020 Shift worker 33 27 9 27 4 0 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 19 35 21 14 11 1 1 470
2019 Shift worker 32 26 36 0 6 0 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 17 28 24 18 12 0 0 455

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 32 29 23 0 16 0 0 32 68 15
2024 Non-shift worker 35 30 16 7 10 1 1 35 65 395
2022 Shift worker 55 22 8 6 9 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 37 29 16 10 7 0 1 480
2020 Shift worker 37 27 19 17 0 0 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 29 31 18 13 9 0 0 465
2019 Shift worker 33 28 23 10 6 0 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 21 26 22 18 12 0 1 460

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 51 20 6 0 23 0 0 51 49 15
2024 Non-shift worker 51 22 12 8 6 1 1 52 48 395
2022 Shift worker 81 0 10 3 5 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 58 23 11 5 2 0 1 480
2020 Shift worker 48 24 6 13 10 0 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 46 27 11 7 8 0 1 465
2019 Shift worker 59 10 19 10 3 0 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 41 26 14 8 10 0 1 460

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 43 27 8 15 0 0 7 46 54 15
2024 Non-shift worker 51 27 9 6 6 1 1 52 48 395
2022 Shift worker 77 17 0 0 6 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 52 25 14 5 2 0 1 480
2020 Shift worker 52 19 22 4 4 0 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 28 30 23 11 7 0 0 470

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 54 22 8 16 0 0 0 54 46 15
2024 Non-shift worker 42 31 13 6 5 1 2 44 56 390
2022 Shift worker 57 18 19 0 6 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 42 29 14 8 4 0 2 480
2020 Shift worker 51 32 12 5 0 0 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 27 34 21 10 7 0 0 470
2019 Shift worker 37 30 21 9 3 0 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 33 30 19 10 6 0 1 455

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 27 27 12 14 20 0 0 27 73 15
2024 Non-shift worker 34 18 16 9 19 1 3 36 64 395
2022 Shift worker 78 7 6 0 0 0 10 25
2022 Non-shift worker 66 15 7 2 4 0 5 480
2020 Shift worker 58 8 20 0 5 5 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 49 28 13 5 3 1 1 465
2019 Shift worker 68 17 12 0 3 0 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 55 22 11 6 4 0 2 460

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 54 27 12 7 0 0 0 54 46 15
2024 Non-shift worker 56 23 12 3 3 0 2 58 42 395
2022 Shift worker 90 7 0 3 0 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 59 27 8 3 1 0 2 480
2020 Shift worker 51 27 13 4 5 0 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 35 34 17 7 5 0 0 470

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 58 24 11 0 0 0 7 63 37 15
2024 Non-shift worker 69 11 4 1 2 2 11 79 21 395

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 58 25 0 0 9 0 7 63 37 15
2024 Non-shift worker 60 11 7 4 6 1 11 68 32 395

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 69 15 0 0 9 0 7 74 26 15
2024 Non-shift worker 70 8 5 4 4 2 7 77 23 395
2022 Shift worker 88 0 3 0 9 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 78 9 4 2 2 1 5 485
2020 Shift worker 79 9 0 8 0 0 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 77 11 2 3 4 0 3 465
2019 Shift worker 71 12 14 0 3 0 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 69 12 7 4 5 1 3 460

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 56 22 15 0 0 0 7 60 40 15
2024 Non-shift worker 62 19 9 3 3 1 3 65 35 395
2022 Shift worker 85 6 7 0 3 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 71 16 6 2 1 0 4 485
2020 Shift worker 87 8 5 0 0 0 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 70 20 5 2 1 0 2 465
2019 Shift worker 61 32 4 3 0 0 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 57 25 12 2 2 0 1 460

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 84 0 0 0 9 0 7 90 10 15
2024 Non-shift worker 59 16 8 6 5 1 4 63 37 395
2022 Shift worker 66 6 10 12 6 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 65 17 8 3 3 1 4 480
2020 Shift worker 82 0 10 8 0 0 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 66 13 8 6 5 0 1 470
2019 Shift worker 73 20 4 3 0 0 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 56 18 12 6 6 0 1 455

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 70 15 0 0 0 0 15 83 17 15
2024 Non-shift worker 60 9 4 3 1 1 23 78 22 395
2022 Shift worker 91 3 6 0 0 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 66 10 5 1 1 0 16 480
2020 Shift worker 96 0 0 0 0 0 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 62 12 5 2 2 0 17 470
2019 Shift worker 68 6 4 0 0 0 22 30
2019 Non-shift worker 59 11 7 2 1 0 20 460

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 73 20 0 0 0 0 7 79 21 15
2024 Non-shift worker 74 13 4 0 0 1 8 81 19 395
2022 Shift worker 97 0 0 0 3 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 80 11 3 1 0 0 5 485
2020 Shift worker 91 5 4 0 0 0 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 74 16 4 1 2 0 3 470
2019 Shift worker 87 3 7 0 0 0 3 30
2019 Non-shift worker 77 11 4 1 1 0 6 460

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 44 16 5 6 22 0 7 47 53 15
2024 Non-shift worker 64 17 6 4 4 1 5 68 32 395
2022 Shift worker 81 3 3 0 13 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 74 11 4 1 5 0 4 485
2020 Shift worker 59 37 4 0 0 0 0 20
2020 Non-shift worker 70 16 6 3 3 0 2 470
2019 Shift worker 66 9 8 11 3 3 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 68 11 8 5 4 1 4 460

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 29 44 12 15 0 0 0 29 71 15
2024 Non-shift worker 48 26 13 5 3 1 4 51 49 395
2022 Shift worker 76 5 19 0 0 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 55 20 15 4 3 0 3 480
2020 Shift worker 56 13 17 9 0 0 4 20
2020 Non-shift worker 46 26 15 6 5 0 2 470
2019 Shift worker 48 33 13 4 3 0 0 30
2019 Non-shift worker 54 25 13 3 3 0 2 455

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)
Low
(%)
Moderate
(%)
High
(%)
Very High
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 9 24 32 20 14 0 0 33 35 15
2024 Non-shift worker 9 32 40 12 6 1 0 42 18 395
2022 Shift worker 17 39 38 3 3 0 0 56 6 25
2022 Non-shift worker 11 37 37 11 3 0 0 48 14 485
2020 Shift worker 25 28 32 15 0 0 0 53 15 20
2020 Non-shift worker 13 34 35 15 4 0 0 46 19 470
2019 Shift worker 26 38 23 13 0 0 0 64 13 30
2019 Non-shift worker 15 30 38 13 4 0 1 45 17 465

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 0 29 31 30 10 0 0 40 29 10
2024 Non-shift worker 11 18 42 17 11 1 1 28 30 395
2022 Shift worker 3 3 39 30 26 0 0 55 6 25
2022 Non-shift worker 5 16 39 27 11 0 0 39 21 480
2020 Shift worker 9 13 38 20 20 0 0 40 23 20
2020 Non-shift worker 11 21 37 22 9 0 0 31 32 465
2019 Shift worker 10 18 28 31 14 0 0 44 28 30
2019 Non-shift worker 10 18 36 22 13 0 0 36 28 460
Top of page

Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 39 48 15
2024 Non-shift worker 19 69 395
2022 Shift worker 20 73 25
2022 Non-shift worker 26 59 480
2020 Shift worker 26 60 20
2020 Non-shift worker 30 50 470

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 42 58 75
2022 Non-shift worker 42 58 130

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 35 0 6 7 0 13 39 72 28 15
2024 Non-shift worker 42 17 9 3 7 3 18 54 46 395
2022 Shift worker 31 10 11 19 0 8 21 25
2022 Non-shift worker 40 16 10 7 5 3 19 480
2020 Shift worker 53 13 12 4 0 4 13 20
2020 Non-shift worker 44 18 14 7 6 2 8 470
2019 Shift worker 38 27 14 11 3 0 7 30
2019 Non-shift worker 34 21 15 11 11 2 5 460

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 13 30 17 16 17 1 6 46 35 75
2022 Non-shift worker 16 30 13 8 21 2 9 52 33 130

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 5 14 18 16 42 1 3 20 61 75
2022 Non-shift worker 8 17 14 17 37 2 5 27 58 125
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