2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Canada School of Public Service by Question 113. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Table of contents

Top of page

Employee engagement

Employee engagement

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 43 28 5 10 13 0 0 72 23 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 37 12 9 4 1 0 74 14 380
2022 Indigenous 30 44 16 5 5 0 0 74 11 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 35 10 5 4 0 0 82 9 480
2022 First Nation 30 39 9 11 10 0 0 70 21 10
2020 Indigenous 57 19 8 4 7 0 5 80 12 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 36 9 7 5 0 0 78 12 460
2019 Indigenous 36 32 7 12 12 0 0 68 25 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 34 13 11 5 0 0 71 16 475

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 32 5 10 15 0 0 70 25 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 29 14 8 5 0 0 72 14 380
2022 Indigenous 45 34 16 5 0 0 0 79 5 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 33 10 6 2 0 0 82 8 480
2022 First Nation 39 30 20 10 0 0 0 70 10 10
2020 Indigenous 38 42 8 0 7 0 5 85 7 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 28 10 9 7 0 0 74 16 460
2020 First Nation 53 30 0 0 7 0 10 92 8 15
2019 Indigenous 46 31 6 8 10 0 0 77 17 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 32 15 11 8 0 0 67 18 470

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 61 20 14 5 0 0 0 81 5 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 47 34 12 5 2 0 1 82 6 380
2022 Indigenous 44 34 16 5 0 0 0 78 5 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 31 11 4 1 0 0 85 4 480
2022 First Nation 59 20 10 11 0 0 0 79 11 10
2020 Indigenous 80 13 4 4 0 0 0 92 4 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 51 32 11 4 2 0 0 83 6 460
2020 First Nation 83 17 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2019 Indigenous 44 31 17 7 0 0 0 75 7 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 47 32 13 5 2 0 0 80 7 470

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 51 26 10 4 9 0 0 77 13 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 37 10 6 4 1 0 80 10 380
2022 Indigenous 44 30 16 5 5 0 0 74 11 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 36 7 5 2 0 0 86 7 480
2022 First Nation 58 21 0 11 10 0 0 79 21 10
2020 Indigenous 58 27 8 0 7 0 0 85 7 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 33 12 5 4 0 0 79 9 460
2020 First Nation 68 17 0 0 15 0 0 85 15 15
2019 Indigenous 40 35 7 5 12 0 0 75 17 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 38 12 7 3 0 0 78 10 475

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 25 22 4 9 0 0 65 13 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 28 16 9 9 1 0 66 18 380
2022 Indigenous 39 45 6 11 0 0 0 84 11 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 28 11 6 2 1 0 81 8 480
2022 First Nation 49 30 0 21 0 0 0 79 21 10
2020 Indigenous 63 23 4 0 10 0 0 86 10 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 31 16 9 8 0 0 67 18 460
2020 First Nation 76 10 0 0 15 0 0 85 15 15
2019 Indigenous 38 37 7 5 13 0 0 75 17 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 28 17 14 11 2 0 58 25 475

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 37 5 11 13 0 0 70 25 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 30 16 9 7 1 0 67 17 380
2022 Indigenous 34 55 0 11 0 0 0 89 11 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 31 10 7 2 0 0 81 9 480
2022 First Nation 40 39 0 21 0 0 0 79 21 10
2020 Indigenous 61 24 8 0 7 0 0 85 7 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 33 14 10 7 0 0 69 17 460
2020 First Nation 76 10 7 0 7 0 0 85 7 15
2019 Indigenous 35 34 12 10 8 0 0 70 18 15
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 30 16 13 11 1 0 61 24 470

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 30 11 10 13 0 0 65 23 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 24 14 13 10 6 1 60 25 380
2022 Indigenous 40 19 21 16 5 0 0 59 21 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 23 13 11 5 5 1 69 16 480
2022 First Nation 41 8 19 32 0 0 0 49 32 10
2020 Indigenous 55 19 12 4 3 8 0 80 7 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 22 19 12 11 3 0 56 24 460
2020 First Nation 60 15 17 0 0 7 0 81 0 15
2019 Indigenous 49 19 19 0 8 0 5 72 8 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 22 20 15 13 5 0 50 29 475
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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 65 35 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 57 25 10 3 2 1 2 85 5 380
2022 Indigenous 60 26 9 0 5 0 0 85 5 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 24 7 3 1 2 3 88 4 480
2022 First Nation 60 10 19 0 10 0 0 71 10 10
2020 Indigenous 65 24 4 3 4 0 0 89 7 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 63 23 7 2 2 0 1 89 4 460
2020 First Nation 76 17 0 0 7 0 0 93 7 15
2019 Indigenous 66 29 0 5 0 0 0 95 5 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 55 24 12 4 2 1 2 82 5 470

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 63 31 0 5 0 0 0 95 5 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 57 27 8 5 2 1 0 84 8 380
2022 Indigenous 39 45 6 10 0 0 0 84 10 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 25 7 4 2 1 1 86 7 475
2022 First Nation 38 51 0 10 0 0 0 90 10 10
2020 Indigenous 63 15 11 0 11 0 0 78 11 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 28 8 5 3 1 0 84 8 460
2020 First Nation 76 17 0 0 7 0 0 93 7 15
2019 Indigenous 67 20 0 0 5 0 7 95 5 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 27 12 6 4 1 1 78 10 470

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 72 23 5 0 0 0 0 95 0 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 54 27 9 6 4 1 0 81 10 380
2022 Indigenous 61 39 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 26 6 5 3 0 0 87 8 480
2022 First Nation 71 29 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Indigenous 75 11 0 4 7 0 4 89 11 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 60 24 8 4 4 0 0 84 8 460
2020 First Nation 93 0 0 0 7 0 0 93 7 15
2019 Indigenous 75 7 0 8 10 0 0 83 17 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 52 26 10 6 5 0 0 79 11 475

Senior management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 51 5 14 9 0 0 72 23 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 26 20 9 9 4 0 60 20 380
2022 Indigenous 25 44 16 5 0 10 0 77 6 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 34 10 5 3 7 1 80 9 480
2022 First Nation 21 47 11 11 0 10 0 76 12 10
2020 Indigenous 43 27 15 4 7 4 0 73 11 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 33 13 8 6 4 0 72 15 460
2020 First Nation 38 25 15 7 7 7 0 68 16 15
2019 Indigenous 26 29 21 24 0 0 0 55 24 15
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 28 15 14 11 4 0 58 26 470

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 16 51 5 15 13 0 0 67 28 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 26 19 13 12 3 0 55 26 380
2022 Indigenous 29 35 26 5 5 0 0 64 11 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 35 13 9 4 4 1 73 14 480
2022 First Nation 29 28 21 10 11 0 0 58 21 10
2020 Indigenous 43 35 8 0 10 4 0 81 11 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 32 13 12 9 1 0 66 21 460
2020 First Nation 38 32 8 0 15 7 0 76 16 15
2019 Indigenous 26 39 17 0 18 0 0 65 18 15
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 27 17 16 15 2 0 51 31 470

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 29 10 16 18 5 0 53 36 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 24 19 18 11 4 0 50 30 380
2022 Indigenous 19 39 17 10 11 5 0 61 21 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 34 14 10 6 6 1 68 17 480
2022 First Nation 28 30 11 10 21 0 0 58 31 10
2020 Indigenous 43 22 17 0 10 7 0 71 11 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 33 17 11 10 2 0 61 22 460
2020 First Nation 38 15 18 0 15 15 0 62 17 15
2019 Indigenous 11 52 19 10 8 0 0 63 18 15
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 25 20 20 15 3 0 44 36 465

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 17 38 5 25 9 5 0 59 36 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 33 19 13 11 2 0 56 25 380
2022 Indigenous 10 48 17 11 15 0 0 58 25 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 36 11 12 7 2 0 69 19 480
2022 First Nation 9 48 11 21 10 0 0 58 31 10
2020 Indigenous 32 38 17 0 10 4 0 72 11 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 36 13 15 10 1 0 62 25 460
2020 First Nation 38 23 18 0 15 7 0 65 16 15
2019 Indigenous 24 28 24 11 13 0 0 52 24 15
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 23 20 21 15 2 0 42 37 470
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Workforce

Performance management

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 53 5 0 4 0 0 91 4 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 35 12 7 6 0 1 76 13 380
2022 Indigenous 69 15 6 10 0 0 0 85 10 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 36 10 5 2 0 0 83 8 480
2022 First Nation 71 10 0 20 0 0 0 80 20 10
2020 Indigenous 47 35 4 8 7 0 0 82 14 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 32 10 8 6 0 0 76 14 460
2020 First Nation 68 25 0 0 7 0 0 93 7 15
2019 Indigenous 54 17 19 0 10 0 0 71 10 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 38 13 7 7 0 0 72 14 470

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 44 41 5 4 5 0 0 85 9 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 41 7 8 3 0 0 81 12 380
2022 Indigenous 29 45 16 5 5 0 0 74 10 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 39 6 9 4 0 0 81 13 480
2022 First Nation 20 48 21 11 0 0 0 68 11 10
2020 Indigenous 44 45 0 7 4 0 0 89 11 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 38 11 12 5 0 0 72 17 460
2020 First Nation 68 25 0 0 7 0 0 93 7 15
2019 Indigenous 23 49 12 7 10 0 0 71 17 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 38 14 15 7 1 0 63 22 470

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 58 42 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 29 9 7 4 0 1 79 12 380
2022 Indigenous 55 35 11 0 0 0 0 89 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 28 9 7 3 0 1 81 10 480
2022 First Nation 60 30 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 10
2020 Indigenous 65 20 4 4 7 0 0 85 11 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 26 9 5 4 0 1 82 9 460
2020 First Nation 76 17 0 0 7 0 0 93 7 15
2019 Indigenous 26 51 11 0 5 0 7 83 5 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 44 28 15 6 5 0 1 74 11 475

Job fit and development

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 59 22 9 5 4 0 0 81 10 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 33 13 10 3 0 1 73 14 380
2022 Indigenous 43 37 10 10 0 0 0 80 10 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 37 6 6 2 0 1 85 8 475
2022 First Nation 37 32 20 11 0 0 0 69 11 10
2020 Indigenous 31 42 11 11 0 0 5 77 12 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 41 12 10 3 0 0 76 12 460
2020 First Nation 45 23 7 15 0 0 10 75 17 15
2019 Indigenous 36 45 15 0 5 0 0 80 5 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 40 15 11 4 1 0 69 16 475

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 69 21 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 55 25 9 5 4 0 2 82 9 380
2022 Indigenous 44 45 11 0 0 0 0 89 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 59 23 9 3 3 2 1 85 6 480
2022 First Nation 50 40 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 10
2020 Indigenous 55 16 8 0 14 0 8 76 15 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 57 22 10 4 5 1 1 81 9 460
2020 First Nation 53 25 0 0 7 0 15 91 9 15

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 35 10 14 15 0 0 60 29 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 31 16 12 11 3 0 60 23 380
2022 Indigenous 19 35 21 24 0 0 0 54 24 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 33 13 8 3 4 1 75 12 480
2022 First Nation 28 19 32 21 0 0 0 47 21 10
2020 Indigenous 24 41 16 8 7 4 0 68 15 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 33 16 10 10 3 0 63 20 460
2020 First Nation 30 40 8 7 7 7 0 76 16 15
2019 Indigenous 30 30 6 15 8 12 0 68 25 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 30 20 14 11 3 1 54 26 475

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 43 11 0 18 0 0 28 72 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 23 13 7 6 2 7 46 54 380
2022 Indigenous 41 19 31 0 5 0 4 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 23 10 6 2 0 4 480
2022 First Nation 42 19 21 0 10 0 8 10
2020 Indigenous 57 24 11 4 4 0 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 23 13 6 5 0 2 460
2020 First Nation 55 31 7 0 7 0 0 15
2019 Indigenous 63 15 7 0 15 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 58 20 12 3 4 1 3 475

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 56 0 0 0 10 0 34 85 15 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 56 8 6 4 7 3 16 69 31 380

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 80 0 10 0 11 0 0 80 20 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 62 10 6 3 2 5 13 76 24 380
2022 Indigenous 64 15 15 5 0 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 80 7 3 1 2 3 4 480
2022 First Nation 49 10 30 11 0 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 77 11 3 0 4 5 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 73 9 5 5 2 3 4 460
2020 First Nation 76 7 0 0 7 10 0 15
2019 Indigenous 78 0 8 5 10 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 73 8 6 2 3 4 4 470

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 79 5 0 0 0 4 11 94 6 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 67 7 4 0 1 3 17 84 16 380

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 60 9 10 5 7 4 5 66 34 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 59 8 6 3 5 3 16 73 27 380

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 23 14 12 29 0 0 45 41 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 25 12 17 16 5 4 50 37 380
2022 Indigenous 5 21 36 19 20 0 0 26 39 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 28 11 12 11 4 4 63 25 480
2022 First Nation 9 10 41 19 21 0 0 19 40 10
2020 Indigenous 30 19 20 7 19 0 4 52 27 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 27 14 15 15 4 2 53 32 460
2020 First Nation 37 23 18 0 15 0 7 65 16 15
2019 Indigenous 28 16 26 6 17 7 0 47 25 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 23 19 17 19 4 3 41 39 470

Empowerment

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 41 4 14 7 0 0 75 21 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 38 11 8 6 0 0 74 15 375
2022 Indigenous 30 64 0 5 0 0 0 95 5 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 38 7 7 4 0 0 82 11 480
2022 First Nation 30 59 0 11 0 0 0 89 11 10
2020 Indigenous 47 30 0 10 4 4 5 84 16 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 34 11 8 6 0 0 75 15 460
2020 First Nation 53 15 0 7 7 7 10 82 18 15
2019 Indigenous 46 22 19 13 0 0 0 68 13 15
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 39 13 8 6 0 0 72 15 470

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 36 0 5 8 0 0 87 13 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 36 8 7 5 0 1 79 12 380
2022 Indigenous 44 41 11 5 0 0 0 84 5 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 30 8 5 2 0 0 85 8 480
2022 First Nation 48 20 21 10 0 0 0 69 10 10
2020 Indigenous 52 36 0 4 9 0 0 88 12 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 33 8 4 5 0 0 82 10 460
2020 First Nation 68 25 0 0 7 0 0 93 7 15
2019 Indigenous 55 28 5 0 13 0 0 83 13 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 34 14 7 4 0 0 75 11 470

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 37 48 0 9 0 0 6 90 10 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 44 35 9 8 4 0 0 79 12 375
2022 Indigenous 44 51 5 0 0 0 0 95 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 33 8 6 2 0 1 84 8 475
2022 First Nation 49 40 11 0 0 0 0 89 0 10
2020 Indigenous 52 37 4 0 7 0 0 89 7 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 35 12 8 5 0 0 75 13 460
2020 First Nation 60 32 0 0 7 0 0 93 7 15
2019 Indigenous 54 36 0 5 5 0 0 90 10 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 38 14 9 5 1 0 72 14 465

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 35 10 12 0 4 0 77 12 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 38 15 7 4 4 0 72 12 380
2022 Indigenous 10 60 14 11 5 0 0 70 15 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 39 12 6 1 2 1 80 8 480
2022 First Nation 9 50 20 21 0 0 0 59 21 10
2020 Indigenous 34 43 8 4 12 0 0 77 15 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 38 16 8 3 4 0 72 11 460
2020 First Nation 45 40 8 0 7 0 0 85 7 15
2019 Indigenous 41 23 11 8 5 13 0 73 14 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 40 22 6 6 2 0 66 12 475

Work-life balance and workload

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 20 10 22 15 0 0 54 37 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 44 27 9 11 9 0 0 71 20 380
2022 Indigenous 63 32 0 0 5 0 0 95 5 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 59 26 6 4 4 0 0 86 8 480
2020 Indigenous 58 20 3 7 3 4 5 85 11 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 31 9 7 3 0 0 81 10 460
2020 First Nation 53 16 0 15 0 7 10 82 18 15
2019 Indigenous 55 28 12 0 5 0 0 83 5 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 32 8 5 4 0 0 83 9 470

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 60 29 11 0 0 0 0 89 0 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 51 33 10 4 1 0 0 85 5 380
2022 Indigenous 30 59 5 0 6 0 0 89 6 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 36 11 5 2 0 0 82 7 480
2022 First Nation 42 58 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Indigenous 55 23 12 3 4 4 0 81 7 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 35 21 7 4 0 0 68 11 460
2020 First Nation 55 30 0 0 7 7 0 92 8 15
2019 Indigenous 49 31 10 0 5 5 0 84 5 15
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 31 16 6 5 0 0 73 11 470

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 58 25 5 0 12 0 0 83 12 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 57 26 8 3 3 1 1 85 6 380
2022 Indigenous 74 26 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 69 20 5 2 2 1 1 91 3 480
2022 First Nation 90 10 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10

Mobility and retention

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Unsure
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 41 19 40 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 26 36 380
2022 Indigenous 47 24 29 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 27 30 480
2022 First Nation 51 30 18 10
2020 Indigenous 38 31 32 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 28 34 460
2020 First Nation 23 45 32 15
2019 Indigenous 51 29 20 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 22 36 475

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic To retire
(%)		 To pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)		 End of my term, casual or student employment
(%)		 Other reason
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 19 48 4 1 10 145
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 22 42 5 9 12 200
2020 Indigenous 30 21 49 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 19 59 4 3 6 175
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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 54 27 10 9 0 0 0 81 9 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 51 32 8 7 2 0 0 83 9 380
2022 Indigenous 54 30 6 5 5 0 0 84 10 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 57 32 7 3 1 0 0 89 4 480
2022 First Nation 59 30 0 11 0 0 0 89 11 10
2020 Indigenous 60 33 4 3 0 0 0 93 3 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 33 10 4 3 1 0 83 7 460
2020 First Nation 76 24 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2019 Indigenous 49 34 5 7 5 0 0 83 12 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 37 13 6 4 0 0 76 10 470

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 45 29 4 0 16 5 0 78 17 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 37 17 9 6 2 0 67 16 380
2022 Indigenous 25 44 21 5 5 0 0 69 10 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 42 13 7 4 1 0 76 11 480
2022 First Nation 18 50 21 11 0 0 0 68 11 10
2020 Indigenous 42 40 11 4 4 0 0 82 7 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 43 14 11 5 0 0 69 17 460
2020 First Nation 53 32 0 7 7 0 0 85 15 15
2019 Indigenous 18 47 30 0 5 0 0 65 5 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 19 38 18 15 9 0 0 58 24 470

Organizational performance

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 7 24 39 26 5 0 0 31 31 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 25 36 15 11 1 3 28 35 375
2022 Indigenous 5 30 29 25 5 0 5 32 37 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 22 33 22 13 1 2 36 30 475
2022 First Nation 10 19 31 20 11 0 10 34 32 10
2020 Indigenous 7 19 39 16 11 4 4 30 28 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 29 35 16 6 1 0 23 41 460
2020 First Nation 7 7 23 32 15 7 7 56 17 15
2019 Indigenous 19 21 24 12 24 0 0 36 40 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 17 31 32 11 7 1 1 19 48 475

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 11 31 22 0 0 0 22 47 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 24 27 18 10 0 3 29 44 375
2022 Indigenous 16 35 35 9 5 0 0 14 50 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 20 32 20 10 1 3 31 35 475
2022 First Nation 31 8 41 9 10 0 0 20 40 10
2020 Indigenous 16 20 19 16 16 4 9 37 41 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 23 29 21 9 2 2 32 39 460
2019 Indigenous 34 22 17 16 6 5 0 22 59 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 23 24 14 8 2 1 23 52 470

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 18 4 24 35 18 0 0 53 22 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 14 27 32 17 0 4 52 20 375
2022 Indigenous 5 10 25 51 5 0 5 58 16 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 9 28 34 20 1 2 56 15 475
2022 First Nation 10 0 19 61 0 0 10 67 11 10
2020 Indigenous 8 20 31 8 24 4 5 35 31 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 20 33 26 11 1 1 37 29 460
2020 First Nation 15 8 23 8 30 7 10 45 27 15
2019 Indigenous 10 29 12 24 26 0 0 49 39 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 17 31 24 14 0 1 39 30 475

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 7 44 20 10 0 0 29 27 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 18 30 16 16 1 5 34 35 375
2022 Indigenous 5 30 31 29 0 0 5 31 37 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 17 23 24 19 2 7 47 28 475
2022 First Nation 10 19 41 20 0 0 10 22 32 10
2020 Indigenous 10 22 27 4 19 4 14 28 40 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 16 24 27 18 12 2 2 31 41 460
2020 First Nation 7 15 30 8 23 0 17 36 27 15
2019 Indigenous 37 17 10 18 18 0 0 36 54 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 22 24 19 12 1 2 32 43 475

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 6 22 28 26 14 4 0 41 29 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 19 27 21 17 3 5 42 29 380
2022 Indigenous 16 21 25 38 0 0 0 38 37 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 16 27 24 16 5 4 44 26 475
2022 First Nation 10 43 20 27 0 0 0 27 53 10
2020 Indigenous 14 16 27 23 8 7 5 35 34 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 16 29 24 11 4 2 38 32 460
2020 First Nation 15 25 15 31 0 15 0 36 47 15
2019 Indigenous 29 15 6 23 18 9 0 45 48 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 23 21 16 13 4 2 30 48 470

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 37 10 30 18 5 0 0 22 47 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 21 29 18 12 3 4 32 37 380
2022 Indigenous 16 20 34 30 0 0 0 30 36 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 19 33 20 12 2 3 33 32 475
2022 First Nation 21 21 28 30 0 0 0 30 42 10
2020 Indigenous 26 13 27 15 15 4 0 32 40 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 15 23 31 19 10 1 1 29 39 460
2020 First Nation 22 8 40 15 15 0 0 30 30 15
2019 Indigenous 32 14 18 13 18 6 0 33 48 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 23 27 15 11 3 1 27 45 475

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 12 21 28 39 0 0 67 12 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 5 27 34 26 1 6 64 7 380
2022 Indigenous 0 10 33 30 26 0 0 56 10 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 9 26 33 24 1 3 60 13 480
2022 First Nation 0 10 48 11 31 0 0 42 10 10
2020 Indigenous 11 15 46 4 19 4 0 24 28 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 15 35 31 12 0 1 44 21 460
2020 First Nation 22 8 47 0 23 0 0 23 30 15
2019 Indigenous 19 5 43 15 18 0 0 33 24 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 21 24 28 17 0 0 45 30 475

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 15 28 19 21 11 5 0 46 34 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 29 22 17 11 3 0 49 28 380
2022 Indigenous 0 43 31 16 10 0 0 43 26 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 32 21 12 7 3 0 58 20 480
2022 First Nation 0 39 50 11 0 0 0 39 11 10
2020 Indigenous 27 36 23 4 7 4 0 65 11 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 33 21 15 10 2 0 52 26 460
2020 First Nation 23 38 18 7 7 7 0 65 16 15
2019 Indigenous 11 35 29 16 8 0 0 46 24 15
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 23 21 24 19 2 0 34 45 470

Diversity and inclusion

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 52 35 0 4 9 0 0 87 13 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 55 31 5 4 5 0 0 86 9 375
2022 Indigenous 45 33 5 11 5 0 0 79 16 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 63 26 4 4 2 1 0 91 5 480
2022 First Nation 40 28 10 11 10 0 0 69 21 10
2020 Indigenous 65 11 9 11 4 0 0 77 14 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 56 26 7 7 4 1 0 83 11 460
2020 First Nation 76 0 10 7 7 0 0 76 15 15
2019 Indigenous 61 22 0 5 13 0 0 83 17 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 52 29 8 7 4 0 0 81 11 475

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 65 30 5 0 0 0 0 95 0 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 61 30 4 4 1 0 0 91 5 380
2022 Indigenous 49 24 21 5 0 0 0 73 5 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 68 26 3 2 0 0 0 95 3 480
2022 First Nation 39 18 32 10 0 0 0 58 10 10
2020 Indigenous 57 21 7 11 4 0 0 78 15 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 62 28 5 2 2 0 0 90 5 460
2020 First Nation 76 17 0 0 7 0 0 93 7 15
2019 Indigenous 55 20 20 0 5 0 0 75 5 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 55 32 7 5 2 0 0 87 6 475

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 51 40 5 0 0 4 0 95 0 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 53 34 7 4 1 1 0 87 5 380
2022 Indigenous 40 39 11 5 5 0 0 79 10 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 62 28 7 3 0 0 0 90 3 475
2022 First Nation 21 48 11 11 10 0 0 68 21 10
2020 Indigenous 55 29 4 4 4 0 5 88 8 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 54 34 6 4 2 0 0 88 6 460
2020 First Nation 68 15 0 0 7 0 10 92 8 15
2019 Indigenous 50 28 23 0 0 0 0 77 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 35 10 3 2 0 0 85 6 470

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 48 47 5 0 0 0 0 95 0 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 34 13 6 5 4 0 75 11 380
2022 Indigenous 29 40 27 5 0 0 0 69 5 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 33 8 3 2 2 0 87 5 480
2022 First Nation 38 20 42 0 0 0 0 58 0 10
2020 Indigenous 49 28 12 8 4 0 0 77 12 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 36 11 6 4 1 0 79 10 455
2020 First Nation 53 32 8 0 7 0 0 85 7 15
2019 Indigenous 40 34 6 0 13 7 0 80 14 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 36 13 8 5 2 0 74 13 475

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 55 31 9 5 0 0 0 86 5 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 36 10 4 4 7 0 80 8 380
2022 Indigenous 31 49 10 5 0 5 0 85 5 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 33 8 3 1 6 1 87 4 475
2022 First Nation 30 49 11 0 0 10 0 88 0 10
2020 Indigenous 49 27 9 0 7 9 0 83 7 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 32 15 3 3 5 0 78 6 460
2020 First Nation 45 31 0 0 7 17 0 91 9 15
2019 Indigenous 43 32 13 0 13 0 0 74 13 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 31 19 4 4 4 0 72 8 475

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 60 24 5 11 0 0 0 85 11 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 33 9 5 3 1 0 83 8 380
2022 Indigenous 39 45 5 11 0 0 0 84 11 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 61 31 4 3 1 0 0 92 4 480
2022 First Nation 39 29 11 21 0 0 0 68 21 10
2020 Indigenous 77 11 0 0 7 0 5 93 7 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 31 10 5 3 0 0 83 7 460
2020 First Nation 76 7 0 0 7 0 10 92 8 15
2019 Indigenous 60 15 15 0 10 0 0 75 10 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 33 11 4 5 0 0 80 9 470

Anti-racism

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 44 43 0 5 5 4 0 90 10 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 24 9 7 8 5 5 74 16 380
2022 Indigenous 44 25 5 26 0 0 0 70 26 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 24 8 3 3 6 5 84 7 480
2022 First Nation 59 9 0 32 0 0 0 68 32 10

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 45 42 0 9 4 0 0 87 13 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 41 24 10 7 6 9 5 74 15 380
2022 Indigenous 39 40 0 21 0 0 0 79 21 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 25 7 4 3 7 4 85 7 480
2022 First Nation 49 20 0 32 0 0 0 68 32 10

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 44 17 0 0 18 0 80 0 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 23 17 6 3 18 1 67 12 380
2022 Indigenous 30 39 21 5 0 5 0 72 5 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 26 13 1 2 14 1 81 3 480
2022 First Nation 39 29 21 10 0 0 0 68 10 10
2020 Indigenous 56 23 0 3 4 14 0 92 8 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 29 15 5 3 5 0 76 8 460
2020 First Nation 60 23 0 0 7 10 0 92 8 15

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 45 0 0 5 0 0 95 5 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 30 9 7 7 4 3 75 15 380
2022 Indigenous 45 25 15 5 0 10 0 78 6 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 31 6 3 2 5 3 88 6 480
2022 First Nation 39 20 11 11 0 20 0 73 13 10
2020 Indigenous 54 27 13 0 7 0 0 81 7 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 28 8 6 3 3 1 83 9 460
2020 First Nation 45 31 17 0 7 0 0 75 7 15

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 45 5 4 0 14 10 88 5 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 17 16 4 4 37 4 58 14 380
2022 Indigenous 15 46 35 0 0 5 0 64 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 18 16 2 2 36 5 66 7 480
2022 First Nation 19 39 42 0 0 0 0 58 0 10

Ethical workplace

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 40 5 20 9 9 5 61 33 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 26 32 17 6 8 4 8 66 16 380
2022 Indigenous 29 40 16 10 5 0 0 69 15 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 31 11 6 3 7 6 77 10 475
2022 First Nation 40 39 21 0 0 0 0 79 0 10
2020 Indigenous 38 24 8 11 7 7 5 72 20 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 31 14 8 5 5 2 72 14 460
2020 First Nation 46 15 0 7 7 15 10 81 19 15
2019 Indigenous 39 28 10 0 17 6 0 71 18 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 30 18 8 5 3 2 68 13 475

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 39 4 15 7 5 0 73 23 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 31 11 10 6 3 2 72 17 380
2022 Indigenous 45 45 0 5 0 5 0 94 6 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 33 8 7 3 2 0 81 10 480
2022 First Nation 48 31 0 11 0 10 0 88 12 10
2020 Indigenous 62 17 8 4 4 0 5 84 8 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 35 9 5 5 2 0 81 10 460
2020 First Nation 60 23 0 0 7 0 10 92 8 15
2019 Indigenous 54 21 12 0 5 7 0 82 5 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 33 14 9 5 3 1 71 14 470

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 35 9 11 4 0 0 75 15 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 33 16 4 5 2 0 75 9 380
2022 Indigenous 30 35 16 15 0 5 0 68 16 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 37 13 4 2 2 1 81 6 480
2022 First Nation 39 20 11 21 0 10 0 65 23 10
2020 Indigenous 51 34 0 4 7 0 5 89 11 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 34 16 5 3 2 0 75 9 460
2020 First Nation 53 30 0 0 7 0 10 92 8 15
2019 Indigenous 39 32 25 0 5 0 0 70 5 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 32 22 11 6 2 0 60 17 475

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 15 7 5 46 5 0 38 54 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 22 17 13 11 13 2 52 28 380
2022 Indigenous 5 33 22 20 5 14 0 45 30 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 26 16 6 7 13 3 65 16 480
2022 First Nation 0 27 22 21 10 20 0 34 39 10
2020 Indigenous 27 23 15 4 15 8 9 60 23 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 26 15 14 10 11 2 56 27 460
2020 First Nation 23 31 8 0 15 7 17 71 19 15
2019 Indigenous 45 7 29 0 10 9 0 57 11 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 19 23 12 12 13 3 44 30 475

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 67 12 10 5 7 0 0 79 11 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 46 40 3 9 2 0 0 86 11 380
2022 Indigenous 51 45 5 0 0 0 0 95 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 39 3 8 2 0 0 87 10 475
2022 First Nation 52 48 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Indigenous 34 42 8 13 4 0 0 76 16 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 43 6 10 2 0 0 82 12 460
2020 First Nation 45 40 0 7 7 0 0 85 15 15

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 42 4 14 16 0 0 66 30 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 27 9 19 16 0 0 56 35 380
2022 Indigenous 79 10 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 56 28 5 4 4 1 2 87 8 480
2022 First Nation 69 10 21 0 0 0 0 79 0 10
2020 Indigenous 43 38 8 4 4 0 4 84 8 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 37 10 11 3 0 0 76 14 460
2020 First Nation 38 40 8 0 7 0 7 84 8 15
2019 Indigenous 40 28 10 8 15 0 0 68 22 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 32 8 12 2 0 0 78 14 475

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 41 29 15 0 15 0 0 70 15 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 47 34 9 7 3 0 0 81 10 380
2022 Indigenous 52 37 11 0 0 0 0 89 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 31 4 3 1 0 0 91 4 475
2020 Indigenous 45 35 4 8 4 0 5 84 12 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 37 11 7 2 0 0 79 9 460
2020 First Nation 60 8 0 15 7 0 10 75 25 15
2019 Indigenous 55 10 23 0 13 0 0 65 13 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 47 34 11 5 2 0 0 82 7 470

Use of official languages

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 76 5 15 5 0 0 0 81 5 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 70 19 4 6 1 0 0 88 7 380

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 61 25 9 5 0 0 0 86 5 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 61 23 5 9 3 0 0 84 11 380

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 96 4 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 85 10 3 2 0 0 0 96 2 380
2022 Indigenous 80 20 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 87 10 1 1 0 0 0 98 1 480
2022 First Nation 91 9 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2019 Indigenous 83 5 0 5 0 0 7 95 5 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 80 13 3 2 1 0 1 94 3 470

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 66 25 5 4 0 0 0 91 4 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 32 18 5 1 2 0 77 5 380
2022 Indigenous 35 40 14 5 5 0 0 76 10 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 33 11 2 1 1 0 86 3 480
2022 First Nation 49 30 0 10 11 0 0 79 21 10
2020 Indigenous 66 26 4 0 0 4 0 96 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 48 26 15 7 2 0 0 75 10 460
2020 First Nation 62 23 7 0 0 7 0 92 0 15
2019 Indigenous 46 32 16 0 0 7 0 83 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 24 19 10 4 2 0 66 14 475

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 380
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 480

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 72 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 65 45

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 72 28 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 42 45

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 45

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 45

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 45

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 45

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 45

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 81 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 63 45

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 48 52 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 63 45

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 58 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 54 45

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 29 71 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 59 45

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 76 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 72 45

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 51 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 59 41 45

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 73 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 63 45

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 45

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 45

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 45

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 53 47 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 60 45

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 45

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 76 45

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 61 39 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 52 45

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 72 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 72 45

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 23 77 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 45

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 79 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 45

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 45

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 45

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 45

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 79 45

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 76 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 69 45

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 40

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 40

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 40

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 40

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 40

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 85 40

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 40

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 40

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 81 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 40

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 73 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 72 40

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 40

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 51 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 69 40

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 40

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 64 36 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 62 40

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 83 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 75 40

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 11 10 7 5 38 14 55 24 380
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 13 9 2 2 41 13 72 8 480
2020 Indigenous 23 18 21 0 7 31 0 60 10 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 20 16 14 4 4 34 7 62 13 460
2020 First Nation 23 15 23 0 7 32 0 55 11 15
2019 Indigenous 27 14 11 0 17 24 7 59 25 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 13 20 8 6 29 9 44 23 470

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 28 16 6 2 16 1 71 11 380
2022 Indigenous 30 49 5 5 0 11 0 88 6 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 30 9 2 2 15 1 85 4 480
2020 Indigenous 42 35 4 0 7 12 0 88 8 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 28 15 5 2 14 1 74 9 460
2020 First Nation 45 30 0 0 7 17 0 91 9 15
2019 Indigenous 31 26 16 0 13 14 0 67 15 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 26 27 22 6 6 11 1 61 14 475

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 380
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 480
2020 Métis 0 100 10

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 73 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 20

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 76 24 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 68 32 20

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 20

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 20

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 20

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 20

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 83 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 20

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 50 50 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 68 20

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 64 20

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 67 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 20

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 20

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 78 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 20

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 73 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 62 20

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 20

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 20

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 20

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 20

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 20

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 75 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 20

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 20

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 67 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 72 20

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 20

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 20

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 20

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 20

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 20

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 20

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 73 20

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 57 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 49 20

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 20

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 80 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 20

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 20

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 20

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 20

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 20

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 20

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 80 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 85 20

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 78 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 70 20

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 75 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 63 20

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 20

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 48 52 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 49 20

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 20

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 64 36 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 45 20

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 75 20

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 12 14 4 3 40 10 57 14 380
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 15 9 1 1 42 10 75 6 475
2020 Indigenous 24 14 26 0 4 31 0 56 5 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 14 15 4 2 37 6 63 10 460
2020 First Nation 23 7 31 0 7 32 0 44 11 15
2019 Indigenous 26 9 23 0 10 24 7 52 14 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 14 21 3 3 34 10 52 11 475

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 30 13 6 3 17 2 74 10 380
2022 Indigenous 36 41 12 6 0 6 0 82 6 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 32 9 2 1 14 2 86 4 475
2020 Indigenous 51 30 7 0 4 9 0 88 4 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 27 16 4 3 13 1 73 9 460
2020 First Nation 45 30 0 0 7 17 0 91 9 15
2019 Indigenous 36 21 11 5 13 14 0 67 20 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 27 22 4 4 15 2 65 9 475

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 17 83 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 81 380
2022 Indigenous 10 90 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 480
2022 First Nation 21 79 10
2020 Indigenous 20 80 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 15 85 460
2020 First Nation 15 85 15
2019 Indigenous 14 86 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 17 83 475

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 52 48 70
2022 Non-Indigenous 75 25 50

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 77 23 70
2022 Non-Indigenous 83 17 50

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 29 9 16 8 0 0 67 25 55
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 37 7 2 2 0 0 89 4 40

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 63 27 0 5 5 0 0 90 10 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 48 29 8 5 4 3 2 81 10 380
2022 Indigenous 64 36 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 56 31 5 1 1 3 3 92 3 480
2022 First Nation 79 21 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Indigenous 56 32 0 0 7 5 0 93 7 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 57 28 6 3 2 2 2 89 6 460
2020 First Nation 60 23 0 0 7 10 0 92 8 15
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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 78 10 5 7 0 0 0 89 7 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 56 27 5 3 6 2 1 85 10 380
2022 Indigenous 59 41 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 63 25 4 3 4 1 0 89 7 480
2022 First Nation 59 41 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Indigenous 50 29 4 4 8 5 0 84 12 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 56 31 6 4 3 1 0 87 7 460
2020 First Nation 60 15 0 0 15 10 0 84 16 15

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 14 5 0 35 9 36 64 26 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 6 9 7 37 7 29 70 15 375
2022 Indigenous 5 11 10 0 42 0 32 62 24 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 2 7 7 46 5 29 81 8 480
2022 First Nation 11 21 10 0 29 0 29 40 45 10

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 39 13 12 0 5 0 73 13 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 38 16 8 6 4 0 69 14 380
2022 Indigenous 40 50 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 40 13 5 3 5 0 77 8 480
2022 First Nation 59 41 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Indigenous 46 39 7 0 4 5 0 89 4 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 41 11 5 3 3 0 81 8 460
2020 First Nation 37 45 0 0 7 10 0 92 8 15
2019 Indigenous 26 45 17 7 5 0 0 71 12 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 37 23 9 4 3 0 63 13 475

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)		 Very good
(%)		 Good
(%)		 Fair
(%)		 Poor
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 36 39 15 11 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 31 34 18 6 380
2022 Indigenous 5 51 5 35 5 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 32 39 14 4 480
2022 First Nation 9 51 0 30 10 10

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 73 27 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 58 23 7 4 3 4 1 86 7 380
2022 Indigenous 60 35 5 0 0 0 0 95 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 63 23 7 4 2 2 0 88 5 480
2022 First Nation 60 29 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 10
2020 Indigenous 71 16 4 0 4 5 0 92 4 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 26 11 3 3 2 0 83 6 455
2020 First Nation 68 15 0 0 7 10 0 92 8 15

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 73 15 0 11 0 0 0 89 11 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 50 24 6 8 8 2 1 77 16 380
2022 Indigenous 53 47 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 25 5 6 6 2 0 82 12 475
2022 First Nation 48 52 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Indigenous 42 31 8 4 15 0 0 73 19 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 30 9 7 7 1 0 77 14 460
2020 First Nation 45 30 0 0 24 0 0 76 24 15

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 40 15 0 20 0 0 65 20 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 38 13 14 7 0 0 67 20 380
2022 Indigenous 25 43 22 5 5 0 0 68 10 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 42 8 6 3 2 0 83 9 480
2022 First Nation 20 48 21 0 10 0 0 69 10 10
2020 Indigenous 42 28 23 0 7 0 0 70 7 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 36 13 9 6 0 0 71 16 460
2020 First Nation 45 23 25 0 7 0 0 68 7 15
2019 Indigenous 27 33 9 18 13 0 0 60 30 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 34 22 13 9 2 0 56 22 470

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 46 11 9 5 2 0 75 15 110
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 44 14 9 1 1 1 75 10 150
2020 Indigenous 20 60 10 0 10 0 0 80 10 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 55 6 4 2 0 2 89 6 145

Work-related stress

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 43 27 10 5 8 0 6 46 54 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 22 14 6 7 2 3 48 52 380
2022 Indigenous 41 10 15 6 29 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 22 18 7 10 0 3 475
2022 First Nation 51 9 19 0 21 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 40 24 15 5 12 0 4 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 27 16 11 7 0 0 460
2020 First Nation 52 8 7 10 23 0 0 15
2019 Indigenous 17 39 20 5 19 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 25 22 13 12 0 0 475

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 19 49 22 0 11 0 0 19 81 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 32 28 9 5 1 0 25 75 380
2022 Indigenous 15 35 25 15 5 0 5 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 30 24 15 7 0 1 480
2022 First Nation 31 20 8 21 10 0 10 10
2020 Indigenous 26 28 28 11 7 0 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 15 24 29 19 12 0 0 460
2020 First Nation 30 23 25 7 15 0 0 15
2019 Indigenous 33 23 26 14 5 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 27 25 13 11 0 1 475

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 47 0 16 7 0 0 30 70 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 33 17 9 6 1 2 34 66 375
2022 Indigenous 31 30 24 10 0 0 5 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 34 21 7 6 0 2 475
2022 First Nation 42 30 8 10 0 0 10 10
2020 Indigenous 36 28 22 4 7 4 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 28 23 17 9 0 0 460
2020 First Nation 47 15 15 8 7 7 0 15
2019 Indigenous 40 21 24 4 10 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 28 23 12 10 0 1 465

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 19 20 27 7 28 0 0 19 81 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 24 26 11 13 1 2 24 76 380
2022 Indigenous 15 20 19 31 10 5 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 28 20 11 13 1 2 480
2022 First Nation 11 21 38 9 10 10 0 10
2020 Indigenous 19 43 4 14 14 5 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 22 23 22 15 1 1 455
2020 First Nation 30 25 7 15 22 0 0 15
2019 Indigenous 27 19 30 14 10 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 19 22 24 19 15 0 1 470

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 71 25 4 0 0 0 0 71 29 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 55 24 8 2 2 0 8 60 40 380
2022 Indigenous 45 25 11 0 0 0 19 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 24 10 4 4 0 7 480
2022 First Nation 72 18 0 0 0 0 10 10
2020 Indigenous 39 23 22 0 7 4 5 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 31 17 7 6 1 3 460
2020 First Nation 40 23 23 0 7 7 0 15
2019 Indigenous 60 25 5 0 0 5 5 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 48 23 12 8 5 0 4 470

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 34 11 4 17 0 0 33 67 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 24 17 11 15 1 1 32 68 380
2022 Indigenous 30 35 21 0 15 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 27 17 9 6 0 1 480
2022 First Nation 42 38 0 0 20 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 19 25 42 0 10 4 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 26 22 11 8 0 0 460
2020 First Nation 23 17 38 0 15 7 0 15
2019 Indigenous 49 15 19 12 5 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 26 18 7 7 0 1 470

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 27 16 10 11 0 0 36 64 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 28 21 10 5 2 2 33 67 380
2022 Indigenous 19 41 25 15 0 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 27 17 6 6 1 2 475
2022 First Nation 18 21 30 31 0 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 39 26 27 4 4 0 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 33 21 9 5 1 1 460
2020 First Nation 47 23 23 0 7 0 0 15
2019 Indigenous 52 30 0 12 5 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 29 21 12 9 0 1 475

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 36 21 0 22 0 0 21 79 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 30 21 7 9 1 1 31 69 375
2022 Indigenous 21 29 25 11 10 5 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 30 20 8 8 0 2 475
2022 First Nation 31 28 11 10 10 10 0 10
2020 Indigenous 23 28 28 7 10 4 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 20 35 20 14 10 0 1 460
2020 First Nation 30 32 8 8 15 7 0 15
2019 Indigenous 37 21 36 0 5 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 28 25 17 11 0 0 470

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 32 16 5 16 0 0 32 68 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 30 16 7 10 1 1 36 64 380
2022 Indigenous 24 26 25 5 19 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 28 16 9 6 0 1 480
2022 First Nation 20 19 41 10 10 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 23 45 26 0 7 0 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 30 18 13 8 0 0 460
2020 First Nation 37 48 7 0 7 0 0 15
2019 Indigenous 22 52 16 0 10 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 26 23 17 11 0 1 470

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 53 27 7 9 4 0 0 53 47 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 52 22 12 8 5 1 1 53 47 375
2022 Indigenous 60 15 15 5 5 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 21 11 4 2 0 1 480
2022 First Nation 70 10 0 9 10 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 43 16 18 11 7 0 5 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 28 10 7 8 0 0 460
2020 First Nation 62 23 0 7 7 0 0 15
2019 Indigenous 60 22 0 0 17 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 25 15 9 9 0 1 475

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 58 26 5 0 11 0 0 58 42 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 51 28 8 6 5 1 1 52 48 375
2022 Indigenous 38 22 14 26 0 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 24 13 4 3 0 1 475
2022 First Nation 59 0 9 31 0 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 19 32 23 11 15 0 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 29 23 11 6 0 0 460
2020 First Nation 15 38 25 0 23 0 0 15

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 37 39 13 4 7 0 0 37 63 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 31 13 6 5 1 1 44 56 375
2022 Indigenous 29 26 17 15 14 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 29 14 7 4 0 2 475
2022 First Nation 19 41 11 29 0 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 34 27 23 5 11 0 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 35 21 10 6 0 0 460
2020 First Nation 30 15 40 0 15 0 0 15
2019 Indigenous 50 32 14 0 5 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 30 20 10 6 0 1 470

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 29 10 23 7 26 5 0 31 69 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 19 16 10 18 0 3 36 64 380
2022 Indigenous 70 20 0 0 5 0 5 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 67 14 8 2 4 0 5 475
2022 First Nation 90 0 0 0 0 0 10 10
2020 Indigenous 58 23 8 4 4 0 4 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 27 14 5 3 1 1 460
2020 First Nation 55 15 15 0 7 0 7 15
2019 Indigenous 56 21 0 12 10 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 57 21 12 5 3 0 2 475

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 76 17 0 0 7 0 0 76 24 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 56 24 11 4 3 0 2 57 43 380
2022 Indigenous 61 24 6 9 0 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 62 26 7 2 1 0 2 480
2022 First Nation 73 27 0 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 41 38 8 5 8 0 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 34 17 7 5 0 0 460
2020 First Nation 45 23 7 10 15 0 0 15

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 68 12 0 0 0 0 19 85 15 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 70 12 4 1 1 2 10 79 21 380

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 48 19 0 10 5 0 19 59 41 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 62 11 6 4 6 1 10 70 30 380

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 52 12 16 5 9 0 6 55 45 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 72 9 4 3 3 3 6 79 21 380
2022 Indigenous 64 15 0 5 0 6 9 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 79 8 4 1 2 1 5 480
2022 First Nation 68 21 0 11 0 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 83 4 3 4 7 0 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 77 11 2 3 4 0 3 460
2020 First Nation 85 0 0 8 7 0 0 15
2019 Indigenous 81 9 0 0 10 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 68 13 7 4 4 1 3 475

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 65 0 0 0 0 0 35 65 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 64 16 9 4 3 1 3 67 33 380
2022 Indigenous 60 10 19 6 5 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 73 16 5 2 1 0 4 480
2022 First Nation 69 20 11 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 78 8 4 7 4 0 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 70 20 5 2 1 0 2 455
2020 First Nation 85 0 7 0 7 0 0 15
2019 Indigenous 72 18 5 0 5 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 56 27 12 2 2 0 1 470

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 49 28 5 5 14 0 0 49 51 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 61 15 8 6 4 2 4 65 35 375
2022 Indigenous 60 15 15 0 5 0 6 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 66 16 8 3 3 1 4 475
2022 First Nation 59 31 10 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 70 8 7 8 7 0 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 67 13 8 6 5 0 1 460
2020 First Nation 78 0 7 8 7 0 0 15
2019 Indigenous 85 5 0 0 10 0 0 15
2019 Non-Indigenous 56 19 12 6 5 0 1 470

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 66 11 6 0 0 0 17 79 21 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 60 8 3 3 1 1 23 79 21 375
2022 Indigenous 70 0 10 6 5 0 9 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 67 10 5 1 1 0 16 480
2022 First Nation 91 0 9 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 72 4 4 7 4 0 10 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 63 12 4 1 1 0 17 460
2020 First Nation 76 0 0 7 7 0 10 15
2019 Indigenous 65 16 4 0 0 0 15 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 59 11 7 2 1 0 20 470

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 72 7 10 0 4 0 7 77 23 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 74 13 3 0 0 1 8 82 18 375
2022 Indigenous 80 0 9 5 0 0 6 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 81 11 3 1 1 0 5 480
2022 First Nation 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 85 8 0 0 8 0 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 74 16 4 1 1 0 3 460
2020 First Nation 77 8 0 0 15 0 0 15
2019 Indigenous 71 19 0 0 10 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 77 11 5 1 0 0 6 470

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 66 29 5 0 0 0 0 66 34 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 64 16 6 4 5 1 4 67 33 380
2022 Indigenous 60 15 5 0 14 0 6 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 76 10 4 1 5 0 4 480
2022 First Nation 70 21 9 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 76 12 8 0 5 0 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 69 17 6 3 2 0 2 460
2020 First Nation 68 8 15 0 10 0 0 15
2019 Indigenous 49 12 20 15 5 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 69 10 7 5 4 1 3 470

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 44 10 5 7 0 0 34 66 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 26 13 5 2 1 3 51 49 380
2022 Indigenous 55 16 4 0 19 0 6 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 57 19 16 4 2 0 2 480
2022 First Nation 71 10 8 0 10 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 49 28 11 4 7 0 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 25 15 6 5 0 2 460
2020 First Nation 48 23 7 8 15 0 0 15
2019 Indigenous 51 15 9 20 5 0 0 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 26 13 3 3 0 2 470

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)		 Low
(%)		 Moderate
(%)		 High
(%)		 Very High
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 26 49 0 11 0 0 40 11 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 33 39 13 5 1 0 42 19 380
2022 Indigenous 14 11 66 10 0 0 0 25 10 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 38 36 10 3 0 0 50 14 480
2022 First Nation 20 11 50 19 0 0 0 31 19 10
2020 Indigenous 19 51 16 7 7 0 0 70 14 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 32 36 15 4 0 0 46 18 460
2020 First Nation 23 48 8 15 7 0 0 70 22 15
2019 Indigenous 33 28 29 0 10 0 0 61 10 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 15 31 37 13 3 0 0 46 17 475

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 15 20 49 0 5 0 12 6 39 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 18 41 19 11 1 0 30 28 380
2022 Indigenous 6 29 31 20 14 0 0 34 35 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 15 40 27 12 0 0 40 20 475
2022 First Nation 0 49 11 20 20 0 0 40 49 10
2020 Indigenous 10 12 47 19 11 0 0 30 22 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 21 37 22 9 0 0 31 32 460
2020 First Nation 15 15 40 15 15 0 0 30 30 15
2019 Indigenous 17 9 31 24 19 0 0 43 26 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 18 37 23 13 0 0 36 27 470
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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 72 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 69 380
2022 Indigenous 34 56 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 59 480
2022 First Nation 9 71 10
2020 Indigenous 36 53 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 50 460
2020 First Nation 40 52 15

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 41 59 70
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 58 125

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 52 31 5 0 11 0 0 52 48 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 16 9 3 6 4 19 55 45 380
2022 Indigenous 46 10 0 16 9 0 19 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 16 10 7 5 3 18 480
2022 First Nation 51 19 0 0 10 0 19 10
2020 Indigenous 56 23 5 8 8 0 0 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 18 15 7 5 2 9 460
2020 First Nation 52 40 0 0 8 0 0 15
2019 Indigenous 15 24 10 24 21 0 6 15
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 21 15 10 10 2 6 465

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 33 15 17 16 0 7 49 36 70
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 29 13 10 21 2 9 51 35 125

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 15 20 17 40 3 2 19 60 70
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 17 13 18 35 2 5 29 58 125
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