2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat by Question 113. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Table of contents

Top of page

Employee engagement

Employee engagement

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 39 15 2 8 0 0 75 10 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 39 11 9 7 0 0 74 15 1440
2024 First Nation 38 43 13 0 6 0 0 81 6 15
2024 Métis 39 26 18 5 11 0 0 66 16 15
2022 Indigenous 54 27 14 2 4 0 0 80 6 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 37 11 8 3 0 0 78 11 1640
2022 First Nation 50 35 8 7 0 0 0 85 7 15
2022 Métis 54 22 18 0 6 0 0 76 6 30
2020 Indigenous 47 34 12 4 2 0 0 82 6 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 37 9 8 3 0 0 80 11 1770
2020 Métis 52 26 19 3 0 0 0 77 3 25
2019 Indigenous 47 41 8 4 0 0 0 88 4 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 44 37 8 7 3 0 0 81 11 1725
2019 First Nation 46 37 9 8 0 0 0 83 8 25

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 40 11 5 11 0 0 73 16 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 37 9 9 7 0 0 74 16 1440
2024 First Nation 31 45 18 0 6 0 0 76 6 15
2024 Métis 38 34 0 11 17 0 0 73 27 15
2022 Indigenous 47 35 8 2 8 0 0 83 10 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 34 9 7 4 0 0 80 11 1640
2022 First Nation 42 45 6 0 7 0 0 87 7 15
2022 Métis 51 28 10 3 9 0 0 79 12 30
2020 Indigenous 52 31 6 4 6 0 0 84 10 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 34 10 8 5 0 0 78 13 1760
2020 Métis 57 32 7 0 3 0 0 89 3 25
2019 Indigenous 53 37 4 7 0 0 0 90 7 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 34 9 8 5 0 0 77 13 1725
2019 First Nation 63 24 4 9 0 0 0 87 9 25

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 54 28 13 2 3 0 0 81 5 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 48 33 11 5 3 0 0 81 8 1440
2024 First Nation 51 31 18 0 0 0 0 82 0 15
2024 Métis 63 16 10 5 6 0 0 79 11 15
2022 Indigenous 64 28 9 0 0 0 0 91 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 33 10 4 1 0 0 85 5 1635
2022 First Nation 55 32 13 0 0 0 0 87 0 15
2022 Métis 68 25 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 30
2020 Indigenous 55 35 8 2 0 0 0 90 2 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 54 32 9 4 1 0 0 86 5 1755
2020 Métis 52 40 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 25
2019 Indigenous 68 22 9 2 0 0 0 89 2 45
2019 Non-Indigenous 53 33 8 3 2 0 0 87 5 1710
2019 First Nation 70 17 9 4 0 0 0 87 4 25

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 35 19 3 8 0 0 71 11 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 38 11 7 4 0 0 77 12 1440
2024 First Nation 39 37 18 0 6 0 0 76 6 15
2024 Métis 37 30 15 5 12 0 0 68 17 15
2022 Indigenous 53 28 13 2 4 0 0 81 6 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 35 11 6 2 0 0 81 8 1640
2022 First Nation 64 22 6 7 0 0 0 87 7 15
2022 Métis 46 33 15 0 6 0 0 79 6 30
2020 Indigenous 49 32 14 2 2 0 0 82 4 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 36 10 5 2 0 0 83 7 1765
2020 Métis 55 26 16 3 0 0 0 81 3 25
2019 Indigenous 47 48 2 2 0 0 0 96 2 45
2019 Non-Indigenous 48 34 8 6 2 0 0 83 9 1725
2019 First Nation 51 45 0 4 0 0 0 96 4 25

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 34 17 8 8 0 0 67 16 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 32 12 10 8 1 0 69 19 1440
2024 First Nation 34 35 26 0 6 0 0 68 6 15
2024 Métis 37 25 10 16 12 0 0 62 28 15
2022 Indigenous 47 27 12 4 10 0 0 74 14 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 31 12 7 6 1 0 75 13 1640
2022 First Nation 43 25 19 0 13 0 0 68 13 15
2022 Métis 51 30 7 6 6 0 0 81 12 30
2020 Indigenous 47 39 4 7 4 0 0 85 11 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 48 32 11 6 3 0 0 80 9 1760
2020 Métis 44 45 0 4 7 0 0 89 11 25
2019 Indigenous 56 31 4 2 7 0 0 87 9 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 48 31 10 6 4 1 0 80 10 1725
2019 First Nation 58 33 0 0 9 0 0 91 9 25

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 35 21 3 8 0 0 68 11 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 34 11 11 8 0 0 70 19 1440
2024 First Nation 27 44 23 0 6 0 0 71 6 15
2024 Métis 43 19 21 5 12 0 0 62 17 15
2022 Indigenous 40 38 7 5 8 2 0 79 13 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 34 11 9 4 0 0 75 14 1640
2022 First Nation 43 38 12 0 7 0 0 81 7 15
2022 Métis 43 37 3 8 9 0 0 80 17 30
2020 Indigenous 49 37 4 8 2 0 0 86 10 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 34 10 6 3 0 0 81 9 1760
2020 Métis 44 46 0 7 3 0 0 90 10 25
2019 Indigenous 48 43 2 4 2 0 0 91 6 45
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 33 10 6 3 0 0 80 10 1715
2019 First Nation 48 42 5 0 5 0 0 91 5 25

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 34 25 3 8 6 0 62 12 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 27 16 11 10 4 1 61 22 1440
2024 First Nation 25 43 26 0 6 0 0 68 6 15
2024 Métis 28 29 21 6 12 4 0 59 18 15
2022 Indigenous 38 20 19 10 8 6 0 62 18 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 25 16 11 7 5 1 63 20 1640
2022 First Nation 29 29 34 0 7 0 0 58 7 15
2022 Métis 47 14 12 13 9 6 0 65 23 30
2020 Indigenous 40 27 13 7 10 4 0 70 17 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 25 18 9 5 3 1 67 15 1765
2020 Métis 44 33 4 12 7 0 0 77 19 25
2019 Indigenous 41 34 15 4 4 2 0 77 8 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 25 17 9 6 2 1 66 16 1730
2019 First Nation 53 34 13 0 0 0 0 87 0 25
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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 52 37 3 6 3 0 0 89 8 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 58 25 8 4 2 1 3 86 6 1440
2024 First Nation 34 60 6 0 0 0 0 94 0 15
2024 Métis 69 13 0 12 6 0 0 82 18 15
2022 Indigenous 72 12 8 0 4 0 4 87 4 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 63 23 7 2 1 1 3 90 3 1640
2022 First Nation 71 15 9 0 0 0 6 91 0 15
2022 Métis 73 8 9 0 6 0 3 85 6 30
2020 Indigenous 66 19 6 7 0 0 3 87 7 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 65 22 7 2 2 1 1 89 4 1765
2020 Métis 66 22 7 0 0 0 5 93 0 25
2019 Indigenous 59 27 6 4 0 0 4 90 4 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 63 21 9 3 2 1 1 86 5 1730
2019 First Nation 55 29 4 8 0 0 4 87 9 25

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 58 22 8 6 6 0 0 80 12 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 55 27 6 7 4 1 0 83 11 1435
2024 First Nation 55 26 18 0 0 0 0 82 0 15
2024 Métis 62 20 0 7 12 0 0 82 18 15
2022 Indigenous 58 21 9 6 6 0 0 79 12 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 25 6 5 3 1 1 86 8 1640
2022 First Nation 55 26 12 0 7 0 0 81 7 15
2022 Métis 61 18 9 6 6 0 0 79 13 30
2020 Indigenous 54 32 6 4 4 0 0 86 8 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 58 27 6 5 3 0 0 85 8 1770
2020 Métis 63 27 4 3 3 0 0 90 7 25
2019 Indigenous 50 25 17 2 2 4 0 78 4 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 53 28 8 6 4 1 1 82 11 1725
2019 First Nation 45 29 21 0 0 5 0 78 0 25

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 61 18 9 9 3 0 0 80 12 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 58 24 7 6 5 0 0 82 10 1440
2024 First Nation 62 19 19 0 0 0 0 81 0 15
2024 Métis 62 20 0 13 6 0 0 82 18 15
2022 Indigenous 56 27 7 6 4 0 0 83 10 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 62 23 7 5 3 0 0 86 8 1640
2022 First Nation 48 39 6 0 7 0 0 87 7 15
2022 Métis 66 17 6 10 2 0 0 82 12 30
2020 Indigenous 61 24 12 0 4 0 0 85 4 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 64 22 5 5 3 0 0 87 8 1775
2020 Métis 59 25 9 0 7 0 0 84 7 25
2019 Indigenous 60 27 11 2 0 0 0 87 2 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 57 25 6 7 4 0 0 83 11 1725
2019 First Nation 61 34 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 25

Senior management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 44 29 16 0 10 0 0 74 10 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 28 12 10 9 6 0 68 20 1440
2024 First Nation 42 27 25 0 6 0 0 69 6 15
2024 Métis 45 29 10 0 16 0 0 74 16 15
2022 Indigenous 42 29 12 14 2 0 0 71 17 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 31 10 6 4 7 0 78 11 1635
2022 First Nation 36 43 6 15 0 0 0 79 15 15
2022 Métis 49 22 13 12 4 0 0 70 16 30
2020 Indigenous 54 34 2 4 4 2 0 90 8 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 30 9 6 3 6 0 80 10 1775
2020 Métis 60 34 0 0 3 4 0 97 3 25
2019 Indigenous 44 37 6 6 2 4 0 85 9 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 33 10 6 5 5 0 77 12 1720
2019 First Nation 37 37 13 4 5 4 0 78 9 25

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 28 8 11 10 0 0 70 22 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 29 14 12 13 2 0 60 26 1440
2024 First Nation 37 27 18 12 6 0 0 64 18 15
2024 Métis 45 27 0 12 16 0 0 72 28 15
2022 Indigenous 43 25 8 15 10 0 0 67 25 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 33 13 11 7 2 0 69 18 1640
2022 First Nation 42 32 6 8 13 0 0 73 21 15
2022 Métis 47 17 9 18 9 0 0 64 27 30
2020 Indigenous 43 42 5 4 6 0 0 85 10 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 35 10 8 4 2 0 78 12 1765
2020 Métis 43 50 0 4 3 0 0 93 7 25
2019 Indigenous 37 44 6 8 2 2 0 83 11 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 36 12 7 6 3 0 75 13 1720
2019 First Nation 28 47 13 4 5 4 0 78 9 25

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 23 11 22 8 3 0 58 31 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 28 16 16 15 4 0 51 32 1440
2024 First Nation 30 22 11 26 6 6 0 55 33 15
2024 Métis 35 27 12 16 11 0 0 62 27 15
2022 Indigenous 28 37 12 12 12 0 0 65 23 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 32 16 14 8 5 0 60 24 1640
2022 First Nation 27 37 15 8 13 0 0 64 21 15
2022 Métis 31 37 9 15 9 0 0 67 24 30
2020 Indigenous 25 50 10 10 6 0 0 75 16 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 34 15 12 6 3 0 66 19 1765
2020 Métis 34 38 11 14 3 0 0 72 17 25
2019 Indigenous 27 45 4 11 6 6 0 77 18 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 26 34 16 13 6 5 0 63 20 1720
2019 First Nation 11 58 4 13 5 8 0 76 19 25

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 22 20 8 17 0 0 56 25 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 31 16 15 16 1 0 53 31 1445
2024 First Nation 30 29 24 0 18 0 0 58 18 15
2024 Métis 36 17 11 16 19 0 0 53 35 15
2022 Indigenous 23 33 26 5 13 0 0 56 18 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 33 12 16 11 2 0 60 28 1640
2022 First Nation 21 33 30 9 7 0 0 54 16 15
2022 Métis 26 33 24 3 15 0 0 59 17 30
2020 Indigenous 23 35 21 14 6 0 0 58 20 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 35 16 12 6 2 0 65 19 1775
2020 Métis 39 27 21 11 3 0 0 65 14 25
2019 Indigenous 23 44 10 9 8 6 0 71 18 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 35 16 14 8 2 0 61 23 1725
2019 First Nation 16 46 12 9 9 8 0 67 19 25
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Workforce

Performance management

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 30 18 5 8 0 0 69 13 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 35 12 10 7 0 0 71 17 1440
2024 First Nation 45 34 15 0 6 0 0 79 6 15
2024 Métis 38 23 18 10 12 0 0 61 22 15
2022 Indigenous 47 28 12 8 5 0 0 75 13 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 33 9 8 5 0 0 77 13 1640
2022 First Nation 50 31 12 7 0 0 0 81 7 15
2022 Métis 44 29 13 6 9 0 0 73 14 30
2020 Indigenous 43 33 14 8 2 0 0 76 10 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 35 10 9 4 0 0 77 13 1770
2020 Métis 44 37 12 7 0 0 0 81 7 25
2019 Indigenous 48 38 12 2 0 0 0 86 2 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 35 11 9 5 1 0 74 15 1725
2019 First Nation 57 30 12 0 0 0 0 88 0 25

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 32 8 15 8 0 0 70 23 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 41 8 11 5 0 0 76 16 1440
2024 First Nation 37 33 11 14 6 0 0 69 19 15
2024 Métis 37 28 5 18 11 0 0 66 29 15
2022 Indigenous 37 41 9 11 2 0 0 78 13 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 41 7 9 4 0 0 80 13 1640
2022 First Nation 41 46 6 0 7 0 0 87 7 15
2022 Métis 36 35 12 17 0 0 0 71 17 30
2020 Indigenous 29 47 11 10 4 0 0 75 14 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 39 9 10 4 0 0 77 13 1755
2020 Métis 38 37 7 14 4 0 0 75 18 25
2019 Indigenous 27 53 14 6 0 0 0 80 6 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 38 9 13 5 0 0 73 18 1720
2019 First Nation 37 46 8 8 0 0 0 84 8 25

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 49 27 10 8 6 0 0 76 14 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 29 9 7 5 0 0 78 13 1440
2024 First Nation 50 33 17 0 0 0 0 83 0 15
2024 Métis 48 24 5 11 12 0 0 72 23 15
2022 Indigenous 49 27 12 5 6 0 0 76 12 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 29 8 7 3 1 0 82 10 1640
2022 First Nation 48 30 15 0 7 0 0 78 7 15
2022 Métis 55 21 12 6 6 0 0 76 12 30
2020 Indigenous 46 31 8 9 4 3 0 79 13 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 51 30 8 6 4 0 0 81 11 1765
2020 Métis 44 29 11 8 3 5 0 77 12 25
2019 Indigenous 46 35 9 8 0 2 0 83 8 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 48 28 10 7 5 1 1 77 13 1725
2019 First Nation 41 46 9 4 0 0 0 87 4 25

Job fit and development

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 38 13 11 13 0 0 63 24 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 36 15 11 6 0 1 68 17 1440
2024 First Nation 18 35 29 0 18 0 0 54 18 15
2024 Métis 34 32 0 23 11 0 0 66 34 15
2022 Indigenous 28 41 20 7 4 0 0 69 11 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 37 13 10 4 0 1 73 14 1640
2022 First Nation 35 36 8 9 13 0 0 71 22 15
2022 Métis 27 44 23 6 0 0 0 71 6 30
2020 Indigenous 36 28 12 17 5 0 2 65 22 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 37 13 11 4 0 1 72 15 1765
2020 Métis 44 14 11 19 9 0 4 60 28 25
2019 Indigenous 36 35 8 13 4 0 4 74 18 45
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 39 12 11 4 0 1 73 15 1720
2019 First Nation 45 35 8 8 0 0 4 83 9 25

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 64 11 9 8 3 6 0 79 12 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 57 22 10 5 4 1 1 81 10 1440
2024 First Nation 62 19 6 0 0 13 0 93 0 15
2024 Métis 67 5 12 11 6 0 0 71 17 15
2022 Indigenous 66 12 10 4 5 2 0 79 10 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 61 21 9 4 3 2 1 84 7 1640
2022 First Nation 64 14 15 7 0 0 0 78 7 15
2022 Métis 67 12 9 3 9 0 0 79 12 30
2020 Indigenous 58 17 14 8 2 0 0 76 10 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 57 21 11 5 3 2 1 81 8 1765
2020 Métis 59 19 15 3 3 0 0 79 7 25

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 32 11 11 8 0 0 70 19 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 35 15 13 9 3 0 61 23 1445
2024 First Nation 29 47 11 7 6 0 0 76 13 15
2024 Métis 45 21 5 18 11 0 0 66 29 15
2022 Indigenous 27 46 14 5 7 2 0 74 12 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 37 14 10 6 4 0 70 16 1640
2022 First Nation 14 45 26 8 7 0 0 59 15 15
2022 Métis 36 47 6 4 7 0 0 83 11 30
2020 Indigenous 36 35 8 12 10 0 0 70 22 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 34 15 9 5 3 0 69 15 1770
2020 Métis 37 35 7 11 10 0 0 72 21 25
2019 Indigenous 32 25 14 15 4 11 0 63 22 45
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 33 15 9 7 3 0 67 17 1720
2019 First Nation 29 25 23 18 0 5 0 57 19 25

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 33 16 2 5 2 2 42 58 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 25 14 7 8 1 5 42 58 1440
2024 First Nation 43 34 12 5 5 0 0 43 57 15
2024 Métis 35 29 21 0 5 5 4 39 61 15
2022 Indigenous 50 31 10 2 4 3 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 25 13 5 6 1 4 1640
2022 First Nation 36 37 17 0 0 10 0 15
2022 Métis 62 25 3 3 6 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 53 21 20 5 0 0 2 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 22 14 7 5 1 3 1770
2020 Métis 49 26 13 9 0 0 3 25
2019 Indigenous 56 23 10 2 0 0 9 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 52 23 12 5 4 1 3 1725
2019 First Nation 62 21 4 0 0 0 14 25

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 62 7 11 2 8 2 8 69 31 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 54 10 7 4 7 2 16 65 35 1440
2024 First Nation 63 7 6 5 6 0 12 72 28 15
2024 Métis 55 7 18 0 11 5 4 61 39 15

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 62 8 5 0 8 10 6 74 26 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 67 9 6 2 4 4 8 76 24 1440
2024 First Nation 69 0 0 0 18 13 0 79 21 15
2024 Métis 50 17 11 0 0 10 12 64 36 15
2022 Indigenous 75 13 3 0 4 3 2 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 73 7 4 2 3 4 6 1640
2022 First Nation 69 18 0 0 6 8 0 15
2022 Métis 85 8 0 0 3 0 4 30
2020 Indigenous 88 2 0 6 0 2 2 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 78 7 4 2 2 3 3 1765
2020 Métis 90 0 0 3 0 4 3 25
2019 Indigenous 72 9 9 2 0 0 9 45
2019 Non-Indigenous 79 7 4 2 3 2 3 1715
2019 First Nation 64 13 9 0 0 0 14 25

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 74 2 2 0 3 2 16 91 9 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 70 6 3 2 2 2 15 84 16 1440
2024 First Nation 77 5 5 0 0 0 13 88 12 15
2024 Métis 68 0 0 0 6 5 22 92 8 15

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 66 11 2 2 3 2 14 78 22 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 10 6 3 4 2 12 73 27 1440
2024 First Nation 71 6 5 5 0 0 13 81 19 15
2024 Métis 56 16 0 0 6 5 17 72 28 15

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 16 40 18 6 16 3 0 58 23 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 31 12 17 16 3 3 52 35 1440
2024 First Nation 6 35 21 14 17 7 0 44 33 15
2024 Métis 28 37 18 0 17 0 0 66 17 15
2022 Indigenous 22 29 20 13 13 4 0 53 27 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 35 11 11 11 4 2 65 24 1640
2022 First Nation 22 30 28 9 6 6 0 55 15 15
2022 Métis 24 28 15 13 18 3 0 53 32 30
2020 Indigenous 29 28 10 10 19 0 5 59 30 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 30 14 14 9 3 2 60 25 1770
2020 Métis 34 26 11 11 19 0 0 59 30 25
2019 Indigenous 35 23 11 15 10 4 2 62 27 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 29 13 14 10 4 3 60 26 1730
2019 First Nation 41 20 9 22 0 5 4 66 24 25

Empowerment

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 34 14 11 11 0 0 65 22 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 36 11 10 7 0 0 72 17 1440
2024 First Nation 26 38 23 7 6 0 0 64 13 15
2024 Métis 40 27 0 16 17 0 0 67 33 15
2022 Indigenous 45 31 9 11 5 0 0 75 16 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 36 8 7 4 0 0 80 11 1635
2022 First Nation 68 10 16 6 0 0 0 78 6 15
2022 Métis 36 35 6 14 9 0 0 72 23 30
2020 Indigenous 46 25 15 6 8 0 0 72 14 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 37 8 8 3 0 0 80 11 1765
2020 Métis 48 19 19 7 7 0 0 67 14 25
2019 Indigenous 50 21 16 9 2 0 2 72 11 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 36 10 8 4 0 0 78 12 1715
2019 First Nation 53 13 16 13 0 0 4 69 14 25

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 37 36 8 6 13 0 0 73 19 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 41 34 11 8 6 0 0 75 14 1445
2024 First Nation 41 30 11 7 11 0 0 71 18 15
2024 Métis 39 34 5 6 17 0 0 73 22 15
2022 Indigenous 56 30 5 6 3 0 0 86 9 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 33 9 6 4 0 0 82 10 1640
2022 First Nation 65 23 6 0 6 0 0 88 6 15
2022 Métis 57 27 4 9 2 0 0 84 12 30
2020 Indigenous 43 36 15 4 2 0 0 79 6 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 32 10 6 4 0 0 79 10 1770
2020 Métis 48 45 3 3 0 0 0 93 3 25
2019 Indigenous 56 29 10 5 0 0 0 85 5 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 31 13 6 4 0 0 77 10 1720
2019 First Nation 62 17 16 5 0 0 0 79 5 25

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 37 24 17 8 14 0 0 61 22 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 36 11 10 5 0 0 75 14 1440
2024 First Nation 34 24 30 0 12 0 0 58 12 15
2024 Métis 45 21 0 18 17 0 0 66 34 15
2022 Indigenous 51 31 11 3 4 0 0 82 7 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 34 9 7 3 0 0 81 10 1640
2022 First Nation 68 10 0 9 13 0 0 78 22 15
2022 Métis 46 37 17 0 0 0 0 83 0 30
2020 Indigenous 34 35 19 10 2 0 0 69 12 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 38 9 9 3 0 0 79 12 1765
2020 Métis 39 26 20 11 4 0 0 65 15 25
2019 Indigenous 51 39 6 4 0 0 0 90 4 45
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 38 9 8 3 0 1 79 11 1700
2019 First Nation 58 39 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 25
2019 Métis 50 31 9 10 0 0 0 81 10 20

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 34 20 5 11 0 0 64 16 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 26 40 16 8 5 3 0 69 14 1440
2024 First Nation 18 38 21 5 17 0 0 56 22 15
2024 Métis 39 28 21 6 6 0 0 67 12 15
2022 Indigenous 23 43 18 1 6 7 2 72 8 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 42 11 8 4 3 0 76 12 1640
2022 First Nation 20 40 27 0 7 0 6 64 8 15
2022 Métis 27 42 14 2 6 8 0 75 9 30
2020 Indigenous 28 43 15 9 4 2 0 72 13 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 43 12 6 2 3 0 78 9 1770
2020 Métis 30 46 11 5 7 0 0 77 12 25
2019 Indigenous 31 35 23 5 4 2 0 67 9 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 42 15 7 3 2 0 75 10 1725
2019 First Nation 24 32 30 5 5 4 0 59 10 25

Work-life balance and workload

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 36 9 2 10 0 0 78 13 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 32 9 11 9 0 0 71 20 1445
2024 First Nation 47 29 13 0 11 0 0 76 11 15
2024 Métis 43 34 7 5 11 0 0 77 16 15
2022 Indigenous 46 34 16 5 0 0 0 80 5 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 30 9 8 5 0 0 79 12 1640
2022 First Nation 44 37 19 0 0 0 0 81 0 15
2022 Métis 45 32 15 7 0 0 0 77 7 30
2020 Indigenous 54 25 4 13 4 0 0 79 17 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 30 8 10 6 0 0 76 16 1765
2020 Métis 52 30 3 11 4 0 0 82 15 25
2019 Indigenous 58 36 4 2 0 0 0 94 2 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 29 7 8 4 0 0 80 12 1720
2019 First Nation 65 31 0 4 0 0 0 96 4 25

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 37 12 9 5 0 0 73 15 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 34 15 9 7 0 0 70 15 1445
2024 First Nation 33 27 14 20 6 0 0 60 26 15
2024 Métis 44 38 12 0 6 0 0 83 6 15
2022 Indigenous 37 42 12 5 4 0 0 78 9 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 34 18 10 5 0 0 66 16 1640
2022 First Nation 33 42 12 0 12 0 0 76 12 15
2022 Métis 39 42 10 9 0 0 0 81 9 30
2020 Indigenous 35 23 31 5 6 0 0 58 11 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 30 20 12 9 0 0 58 22 1760
2020 Métis 28 24 32 10 7 0 0 51 16 25
2019 Indigenous 46 37 15 2 0 0 0 83 2 45
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 31 21 10 6 0 0 63 16 1720
2019 First Nation 42 45 13 0 0 0 0 87 0 25

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 70 16 8 6 0 0 0 85 6 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 69 18 5 2 3 1 1 90 5 1440
2024 First Nation 59 20 12 9 0 0 0 79 9 15
2024 Métis 82 7 6 5 0 0 0 89 5 15
2022 Indigenous 82 14 2 0 0 2 0 98 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 74 18 3 2 1 1 1 94 3 1640
2022 First Nation 87 7 6 0 0 0 0 94 0 15
2022 Métis 78 19 0 0 0 3 0 100 0 30

Mobility and retention

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Unsure
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 45 25 30 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 22 33 1445
2024 First Nation 21 49 31 15
2024 Métis 62 6 33 15
2022 Indigenous 42 18 40 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 23 33 1640
2022 First Nation 34 6 60 15
2022 Métis 47 26 27 30
2020 Indigenous 33 29 38 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 28 34 1775
2020 Métis 38 34 28 25
2019 Indigenous 42 17 42 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 23 34 1730
2019 First Nation 41 17 42 25

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic To retire
(%)		 To pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)		 End of my term, casual or student employment
(%)		 Other reason
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 24 31 12 7 12 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 25 47 4 6 9 645
2024 Métis 9 26 28 18 0 19 10
2022 Indigenous 5 27 56 6 0 7 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 26 46 4 7 10 720
2022 Métis 0 30 59 0 0 11 10
2020 Indigenous 0 12 69 0 13 6 15
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 27 50 3 5 8 685
2019 Indigenous 5 30 41 0 13 10 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 24 52 3 7 7 740
2019 First Nation 0 30 32 0 18 20 10
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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 46 30 16 5 3 0 0 76 8 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 36 6 7 2 0 0 85 9 1440
2024 First Nation 47 25 27 0 0 0 0 73 0 15
2024 Métis 44 33 7 11 5 0 0 77 16 15
2022 Indigenous 58 29 7 2 4 0 0 88 6 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 35 5 4 2 0 0 88 6 1640
2022 First Nation 60 26 14 0 0 0 0 86 0 15
2022 Métis 59 28 3 3 6 0 0 88 9 30
2020 Indigenous 46 44 4 4 2 0 0 90 6 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 54 34 5 5 2 0 0 88 7 1765
2020 Métis 58 39 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 25
2019 Indigenous 47 38 13 0 2 0 0 85 2 45
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 34 7 6 2 0 0 85 8 1715
2019 First Nation 48 34 18 0 0 0 0 82 0 25

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 26 26 22 15 8 3 0 54 24 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 41 16 15 8 1 0 61 23 1440
2024 First Nation 21 31 31 5 6 6 0 55 12 15
2024 Métis 28 19 16 27 11 0 0 47 38 15
2022 Indigenous 19 44 28 5 4 0 0 63 9 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 42 14 11 4 2 0 70 16 1640
2022 First Nation 8 61 32 0 0 0 0 68 0 15
2022 Métis 26 34 28 6 7 0 0 60 12 30
2020 Indigenous 31 51 10 6 2 0 0 81 8 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 43 12 8 3 1 0 77 11 1770
2020 Métis 31 49 12 3 4 0 0 81 7 25
2019 Indigenous 32 45 15 6 2 0 0 77 8 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 44 15 7 2 1 0 76 9 1725
2019 First Nation 25 58 18 0 0 0 0 82 0 25

Organizational performance

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 27 37 17 3 3 0 20 42 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 27 33 17 7 0 2 24 42 1435
2024 First Nation 11 35 27 20 0 7 0 21 50 15
2024 Métis 17 17 44 17 6 0 0 22 34 15
2022 Indigenous 14 28 38 12 4 0 2 17 44 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 25 37 19 8 0 2 27 35 1635
2022 First Nation 13 50 37 0 0 0 0 0 63 15
2022 Métis 16 17 36 20 7 0 3 28 34 30
2020 Indigenous 8 42 32 4 14 0 0 17 51 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 24 36 21 7 1 1 28 35 1765
2020 Métis 10 36 34 4 16 0 0 20 46 25
2019 Indigenous 11 21 44 10 12 2 0 23 33 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 24 35 20 8 1 1 29 36 1720
2019 First Nation 9 39 33 8 8 4 0 16 49 25

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 26 33 20 3 0 4 24 42 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 23 32 16 8 0 3 25 42 1440
2024 First Nation 6 24 40 22 0 0 8 24 32 15
2024 Métis 24 18 31 22 6 0 0 27 42 15
2022 Indigenous 7 29 36 13 11 0 5 24 38 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 22 32 19 10 1 2 30 37 1635
2022 First Nation 0 28 41 22 0 0 9 24 31 15
2022 Métis 8 26 37 9 17 0 3 27 35 30
2020 Indigenous 8 26 27 18 19 2 0 38 35 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 22 29 23 10 1 1 33 36 1760
2020 Métis 7 30 21 12 27 4 0 40 38 25
2019 Indigenous 10 15 31 23 19 2 0 42 26 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 15 20 30 21 11 1 2 33 36 1725
2019 First Nation 13 17 46 12 9 4 0 22 30 25

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 15 31 29 8 3 0 39 29 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 19 34 23 9 0 2 32 33 1440
2024 First Nation 11 14 34 35 7 0 0 42 25 15
2024 Métis 17 11 27 27 11 7 0 41 30 15
2022 Indigenous 6 33 32 15 11 0 2 27 40 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 19 35 22 13 0 1 36 28 1635
2022 First Nation 12 34 33 12 9 0 0 21 46 15
2022 Métis 3 31 30 19 13 0 3 34 35 30
2020 Indigenous 9 22 36 16 15 0 0 32 32 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 22 33 21 10 1 1 32 35 1760
2020 Métis 7 25 34 14 20 0 0 34 32 25
2019 Indigenous 6 12 28 35 16 2 0 53 19 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 21 33 21 11 1 1 32 34 1725
2019 First Nation 4 17 30 34 11 4 0 47 22 25

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 19 25 24 21 11 0 0 33 44 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 22 27 16 11 1 4 29 43 1440
2024 First Nation 19 20 23 30 7 0 0 37 39 15
2024 Métis 21 25 21 16 17 0 0 32 47 15
2022 Indigenous 14 32 27 13 6 0 8 21 50 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 22 24 19 14 1 3 34 40 1635
2022 First Nation 18 27 32 23 0 0 0 23 45 15
2022 Métis 13 28 26 9 10 0 13 22 48 30
2020 Indigenous 19 18 32 6 15 6 4 24 40 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 21 27 20 11 2 1 32 40 1765
2020 Métis 21 24 17 3 20 7 7 27 53 25
2019 Indigenous 9 18 13 32 27 2 0 60 27 45
2019 Non-Indigenous 15 22 26 20 13 2 3 34 38 1725
2019 First Nation 9 27 22 21 18 4 0 40 37 25

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 22 24 13 23 0 9 40 34 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 16 26 25 16 2 6 45 27 1440
2024 First Nation 12 26 28 18 16 0 0 34 38 15
2024 Métis 6 22 17 10 33 0 12 49 32 15
2022 Indigenous 15 30 14 19 15 0 7 36 49 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 19 28 21 14 3 4 38 32 1640
2022 First Nation 24 25 20 13 9 0 9 25 53 15
2022 Métis 12 29 9 23 19 0 6 46 44 30
2020 Indigenous 16 10 25 21 24 5 0 47 27 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 15 26 30 16 3 2 49 24 1760
2020 Métis 17 8 18 26 26 4 0 54 27 25
2019 Indigenous 15 10 19 29 23 4 0 54 26 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 16 28 23 16 3 2 41 30 1720
2019 First Nation 17 16 17 30 16 4 0 47 35 25

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 21 33 17 11 7 3 31 32 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 20 32 19 10 1 3 30 36 1440
2024 First Nation 11 22 40 13 0 14 0 15 38 15
2024 Métis 6 18 30 16 23 0 7 42 25 15
2022 Indigenous 1 28 37 9 20 0 5 30 31 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 22 32 19 10 2 2 31 36 1640
2022 First Nation 0 27 45 20 0 0 9 22 29 15
2022 Métis 2 26 32 3 33 0 3 37 29 30
2020 Indigenous 8 27 23 20 20 0 2 41 35 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 19 33 23 11 2 1 35 30 1760
2020 Métis 7 26 26 18 20 0 3 39 34 25
2019 Indigenous 11 19 27 27 15 2 0 42 30 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 20 34 19 11 1 1 31 34 1720
2019 First Nation 4 34 20 33 9 0 0 42 38 25

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 9 48 29 14 0 0 43 9 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 15 34 27 16 0 3 44 21 1440
2024 First Nation 0 6 46 35 13 0 0 48 6 15
2024 Métis 0 12 44 27 16 0 0 43 12 15
2022 Indigenous 0 6 42 21 26 0 4 49 7 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 11 34 28 20 0 2 50 16 1640
2022 First Nation 0 14 49 30 7 0 0 37 14 15
2022 Métis 0 3 39 16 35 0 7 55 3 30
2020 Indigenous 6 12 39 28 15 0 0 43 18 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 16 38 28 13 0 0 41 21 1770
2020 Métis 8 19 38 19 16 0 0 35 27 25
2019 Indigenous 21 27 27 12 10 2 0 23 49 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 28 33 16 9 0 1 25 41 1725
2019 First Nation 18 17 38 16 11 0 0 28 34 25

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 21 17 16 16 0 0 52 31 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 31 18 20 17 2 0 44 38 1440
2024 First Nation 29 17 24 13 18 0 0 45 31 15
2024 Métis 29 22 12 20 16 0 0 52 36 15
2022 Indigenous 13 35 26 18 8 0 0 48 26 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 31 17 20 11 4 0 50 33 1640
2022 First Nation 6 46 35 6 7 0 0 52 13 15
2022 Métis 17 31 23 20 9 0 0 48 29 30
2020 Indigenous 22 49 19 6 4 0 0 72 9 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 24 40 17 12 4 3 0 66 16 1760
2020 Métis 23 56 10 3 7 0 0 79 10 25
2019 Indigenous 17 47 18 9 4 5 0 67 14 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 37 19 14 4 5 1 60 19 1720
2019 First Nation 8 58 21 9 0 5 0 69 10 25

Diversity and inclusion

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 59 21 8 3 8 0 0 81 11 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 54 27 7 7 5 1 0 81 12 1440
2024 First Nation 61 22 11 0 6 0 0 83 6 15
2024 Métis 66 10 5 7 12 0 0 76 18 15
2022 Indigenous 61 16 16 5 2 0 0 76 7 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 64 24 4 5 2 1 0 89 8 1640
2022 First Nation 42 38 14 0 7 0 0 79 7 15
2022 Métis 73 6 16 5 0 0 0 79 5 30
2020 Indigenous 56 24 6 8 4 0 2 82 12 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 56 25 7 7 4 1 0 82 11 1760
2020 Métis 55 24 3 10 3 0 4 82 14 25
2019 Indigenous 41 44 11 4 0 0 0 85 4 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 28 7 7 4 1 0 82 11 1725
2019 First Nation 40 47 9 4 0 0 0 87 4 25

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 63 20 12 3 3 0 0 83 5 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 58 29 4 6 3 0 0 86 9 1440
2024 First Nation 67 7 20 0 6 0 0 74 6 15
2024 Métis 66 22 6 6 0 0 0 88 6 15
2022 Indigenous 73 21 0 6 0 0 0 94 6 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 70 23 3 3 1 0 0 93 5 1640
2022 First Nation 64 29 0 7 0 0 0 93 7 15
2022 Métis 81 16 0 3 0 0 0 97 3 30
2020 Indigenous 67 29 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 66 25 4 4 1 0 0 91 5 1750
2020 Métis 64 32 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 25
2019 Indigenous 49 41 4 4 0 2 0 92 4 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 61 26 5 5 2 0 0 87 7 1730
2019 First Nation 49 34 8 4 0 4 0 87 4 25

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 47 37 5 3 5 2 0 86 8 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 52 33 7 5 2 1 0 85 8 1440
2024 First Nation 40 38 11 0 6 5 0 82 6 15
2024 Métis 60 28 0 6 6 0 0 88 12 15
2022 Indigenous 53 37 4 6 0 0 0 90 6 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 61 29 5 2 2 1 0 91 4 1640
2022 First Nation 64 23 6 7 0 0 0 87 7 15
2022 Métis 52 39 3 6 0 0 0 91 6 30
2020 Indigenous 65 24 7 2 2 0 0 89 4 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 57 30 8 3 2 0 0 87 5 1760
2020 Métis 63 25 12 0 0 0 0 88 0 25
2019 Indigenous 50 41 5 4 0 0 0 91 4 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 33 7 4 2 1 0 87 6 1720
2019 First Nation 45 41 9 4 0 0 0 87 4 25

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 29 5 0 24 0 0 71 24 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 38 13 9 6 2 0 72 15 1440
2024 First Nation 31 39 0 0 29 0 0 71 29 15
2024 Métis 50 17 11 0 22 0 0 67 22 15
2022 Indigenous 36 32 15 8 6 2 0 70 14 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 37 8 8 5 2 0 79 13 1640
2022 First Nation 30 38 14 13 0 6 0 72 14 15
2022 Métis 40 32 15 4 9 0 0 72 13 30
2020 Indigenous 38 44 6 6 6 0 0 82 12 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 37 9 6 2 2 0 82 9 1765
2020 Métis 50 40 4 0 7 0 0 89 7 25
2019 Indigenous 33 44 15 6 2 0 0 77 9 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 44 36 10 6 3 2 0 81 9 1715
2019 First Nation 28 46 13 8 5 0 0 74 13 25

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 23 36 9 16 10 5 0 63 28 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 37 13 7 5 7 0 74 13 1445
2024 First Nation 6 39 13 19 11 12 0 52 34 15
2024 Métis 36 31 6 16 11 0 0 67 27 15
2022 Indigenous 45 35 6 4 3 8 0 87 7 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 35 10 6 3 6 0 80 9 1640
2022 First Nation 27 42 12 0 8 12 0 78 9 15
2022 Métis 55 32 0 6 0 7 0 94 6 25
2020 Indigenous 46 31 10 8 2 2 2 80 10 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 32 12 4 2 4 0 81 7 1765
2020 Métis 55 31 7 3 0 0 4 89 4 25
2019 Indigenous 39 36 19 2 0 4 0 78 2 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 50 30 10 3 2 3 0 84 6 1720
2019 First Nation 40 38 18 0 0 5 0 82 0 25

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 29 5 8 8 0 0 79 16 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 44 36 8 6 6 1 0 80 12 1445
2024 First Nation 49 27 11 7 6 0 0 76 13 15
2024 Métis 50 28 0 11 11 0 0 78 22 15
2022 Indigenous 56 31 9 4 0 0 0 87 4 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 32 6 5 2 1 0 87 8 1640
2022 First Nation 43 31 19 7 0 0 0 73 7 15
2022 Métis 68 25 5 2 0 0 0 93 2 30
2020 Indigenous 61 29 6 2 2 0 0 90 4 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 61 28 6 3 2 0 0 89 5 1765
2020 Métis 63 30 3 0 3 0 0 93 3 25
2019 Indigenous 64 27 4 0 4 0 0 92 4 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 57 30 6 4 2 0 0 88 6 1725
2019 First Nation 66 29 0 0 5 0 0 95 5 25

Anti-racism

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 35 8 13 6 3 0 72 19 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 41 25 9 8 5 6 6 75 14 1445
2024 First Nation 29 29 18 17 6 0 0 58 23 15
2024 Métis 44 33 0 11 6 6 0 82 18 15
2022 Indigenous 58 27 4 8 0 0 3 88 8 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 25 7 5 3 5 4 83 9 1640
2022 First Nation 56 19 12 13 0 0 0 75 13 15
2022 Métis 64 28 0 3 0 0 5 97 3 30

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 38 3 18 8 0 0 71 26 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 26 10 7 5 6 6 74 15 1440
2024 First Nation 29 21 6 33 11 0 0 50 45 15
2024 Métis 34 54 0 6 6 0 0 88 12 15
2022 Indigenous 54 31 2 6 4 0 3 88 10 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 25 8 6 4 5 5 81 10 1640
2022 First Nation 40 41 6 6 8 0 0 80 13 15
2022 Métis 67 22 0 6 0 0 5 93 7 30

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 43 17 3 5 7 0 72 9 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 23 23 7 3 17 1 59 13 1440
2024 First Nation 12 44 21 7 6 10 0 62 15 15
2024 Métis 40 33 16 0 5 6 0 78 6 15
2022 Indigenous 35 21 20 4 3 16 2 68 8 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 28 22 5 1 13 1 67 7 1640
2022 First Nation 27 16 38 0 8 6 6 49 9 15
2022 Métis 39 25 9 7 0 20 0 80 8 30
2020 Indigenous 47 24 14 6 4 5 0 75 10 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 32 14 5 2 5 0 79 7 1770
2020 Métis 59 27 7 4 4 0 0 86 7 25

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 45 8 5 8 3 0 78 14 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 31 9 6 7 6 4 75 15 1440
2024 First Nation 26 38 7 12 11 6 0 68 25 15
2024 Métis 39 45 11 0 5 0 0 84 5 15
2022 Indigenous 54 32 4 0 4 4 2 91 5 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 32 7 5 3 5 3 83 10 1635
2022 First Nation 49 26 0 0 13 6 6 85 15 15
2022 Métis 59 35 6 0 0 0 0 94 0 30
2020 Indigenous 55 31 9 4 2 0 0 86 6 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 51 26 8 5 3 4 2 82 9 1765
2020 Métis 65 28 4 3 0 0 0 93 3 25

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 15 19 16 2 17 31 0 49 28 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 17 21 6 5 35 5 46 19 1440
2024 First Nation 9 24 30 0 24 13 0 38 28 15
2024 Métis 22 11 5 5 13 44 0 59 32 15
2022 Indigenous 6 17 20 2 7 41 8 44 17 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 18 19 5 3 38 5 53 14 1640
2022 First Nation 6 7 9 0 13 59 6 36 38 15
2022 Métis 7 20 25 3 4 31 9 46 11 30

Question 72. Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination: I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 5 16 18 35 19 3 12 68 35

Ethical workplace

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 15 23 5 5 7 13 58 13 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 29 14 8 7 6 7 66 18 1440
2024 First Nation 34 15 33 0 6 7 6 56 7 15
2024 Métis 34 17 10 11 6 0 22 65 22 15
2022 Indigenous 32 18 22 10 2 5 12 59 14 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 28 11 6 3 8 8 75 11 1640
2022 First Nation 28 21 27 7 0 0 17 59 9 15
2022 Métis 36 15 19 12 0 8 10 62 15 30
2020 Indigenous 26 17 24 6 8 6 12 53 17 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 30 14 6 4 7 6 71 12 1765
2020 Métis 37 12 13 7 10 7 14 62 22 25
2019 Indigenous 33 34 11 8 0 6 8 78 10 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 28 12 7 5 6 4 73 14 1725
2019 First Nation 28 38 9 9 0 8 8 79 10 25

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 46 34 15 3 2 0 0 80 5 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 37 10 9 6 3 1 75 15 1440
2024 First Nation 56 33 11 0 0 0 0 89 0 15
2024 Métis 34 41 14 6 5 0 0 75 11 15
2022 Indigenous 27 33 19 15 4 0 3 61 20 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 36 11 9 3 4 2 74 14 1635
2022 First Nation 31 33 19 7 0 0 10 71 8 15
2022 Métis 27 29 20 18 6 0 0 56 24 30
2020 Indigenous 37 42 11 4 2 2 2 83 6 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 34 10 7 3 2 2 79 10 1770
2020 Métis 45 38 7 7 3 0 0 82 11 25
2019 Indigenous 51 35 6 6 2 0 0 86 8 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 33 10 7 3 3 1 80 10 1725
2019 First Nation 42 41 8 9 0 0 0 83 9 25

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 51 29 10 3 8 0 0 79 10 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 36 15 7 6 2 0 71 13 1440
2024 First Nation 42 35 17 0 6 0 0 78 6 15
2024 Métis 58 20 6 6 10 0 0 78 16 15
2022 Indigenous 28 31 35 5 0 2 0 59 5 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 38 16 6 4 4 0 74 10 1635
2022 First Nation 23 37 40 0 0 0 0 60 0 15
2022 Métis 33 26 35 3 0 3 0 61 3 30
2020 Indigenous 36 47 10 4 2 0 0 84 6 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 36 14 5 2 2 0 79 7 1760
2020 Métis 45 41 10 0 3 0 0 86 3 25
2019 Indigenous 39 36 21 4 0 0 0 75 4 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 36 14 5 3 2 0 78 8 1720
2019 First Nation 28 50 18 5 0 0 0 78 5 25

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 31 24 6 10 5 3 56 18 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 21 19 14 14 11 3 45 32 1440
2024 First Nation 13 45 18 13 5 0 6 62 19 15
2024 Métis 30 16 27 0 17 10 0 51 19 15
2022 Indigenous 21 14 20 18 8 17 2 43 33 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 21 18 11 10 15 4 52 26 1640
2022 First Nation 28 18 22 15 6 12 0 52 23 15
2022 Métis 19 9 21 16 10 21 3 38 35 30
2020 Indigenous 28 30 10 8 9 4 10 68 21 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 22 17 11 8 14 4 58 22 1765
2020 Métis 30 35 3 4 14 3 10 76 20 25
2019 Indigenous 25 27 17 2 13 10 6 62 18 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 21 19 12 11 12 4 51 27 1730
2019 First Nation 20 37 21 4 9 0 9 63 15 25

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 58 26 6 10 0 0 0 84 10 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 45 4 11 4 0 0 81 15 1440
2024 First Nation 61 21 7 11 0 0 0 81 11 15
2024 Métis 63 21 5 11 0 0 0 84 11 15
2022 Indigenous 47 42 2 8 0 0 0 90 8 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 43 2 6 3 0 0 88 9 1640
2022 First Nation 50 41 0 9 0 0 0 91 9 15
2022 Métis 50 41 4 6 0 0 0 91 6 30
2020 Indigenous 42 48 2 8 0 0 0 90 8 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 45 5 12 2 0 0 81 14 1775
2020 Métis 40 49 3 8 0 0 0 89 8 25

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 28 28 11 2 0 9 55 14 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 29 30 9 17 14 0 1 59 31 1440
2024 First Nation 13 31 24 18 6 0 7 48 26 15
2024 Métis 33 29 22 5 0 0 11 70 6 15
2022 Indigenous 48 35 3 12 4 0 0 82 15 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 34 8 9 5 0 1 78 14 1640
2022 First Nation 54 33 8 0 6 0 0 87 6 15
2022 Métis 46 33 0 19 3 0 0 78 22 30
2020 Indigenous 35 34 16 8 4 0 4 72 12 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 38 11 14 4 0 1 70 18 1765
2020 Métis 29 41 8 10 4 0 7 75 16 25
2019 Indigenous 66 19 6 2 7 0 0 85 9 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 32 6 11 7 0 0 77 18 1725
2019 First Nation 70 17 5 4 5 0 0 87 9 25

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 25 10 2 5 0 8 82 8 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 35 10 9 5 0 0 76 14 1440
2024 First Nation 40 36 13 0 5 0 6 81 5 15
2024 Métis 66 12 0 5 6 0 11 88 12 15
2022 Indigenous 36 39 10 11 4 0 0 75 15 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 32 9 7 3 1 1 81 10 1635
2022 First Nation 42 38 0 7 13 0 0 79 21 15
2022 Métis 36 35 16 14 0 0 0 71 14 30
2020 Indigenous 41 35 17 4 0 0 2 78 4 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 35 9 9 3 0 1 78 12 1760
2020 Métis 45 29 19 7 0 0 0 74 7 25
2019 Indigenous 52 34 8 2 2 2 0 88 4 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 32 6 5 2 1 0 87 6 1710
2019 First Nation 54 30 12 0 0 4 0 88 0 25

Use of official languages

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 73 18 3 2 5 0 0 90 7 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 68 19 5 5 2 0 0 88 7 1440
2024 First Nation 75 15 0 0 10 0 0 90 10 15
2024 Métis 73 16 6 5 0 0 0 89 5 15

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 67 18 3 6 7 0 0 85 13 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 62 22 7 6 4 0 0 84 10 1440
2024 First Nation 68 15 0 7 10 0 0 83 17 15
2024 Métis 67 17 6 5 5 0 0 84 10 15

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 78 12 5 5 0 0 0 90 5 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 83 10 4 2 1 1 0 93 3 1440
2024 First Nation 75 14 6 5 0 0 0 88 5 15
2024 Métis 84 6 5 5 0 0 0 90 5 15
2022 Indigenous 85 6 5 3 2 0 0 91 5 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 86 9 2 1 1 0 0 95 3 1640
2022 First Nation 79 0 15 0 6 0 0 79 6 15
2022 Métis 86 9 0 4 0 0 0 96 4 30
2019 Indigenous 85 10 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 86 8 2 2 1 0 1 95 3 1720
2019 First Nation 83 12 5 0 0 0 0 95 0 25

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 39 22 5 0 0 2 72 5 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 30 18 4 2 3 0 75 7 1440
2024 First Nation 33 43 19 5 0 0 0 76 5 15
2024 Métis 35 34 21 5 0 0 5 72 5 15
2022 Indigenous 43 34 19 2 2 0 0 77 4 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 29 16 6 2 2 0 75 8 1640
2022 First Nation 51 27 22 0 0 0 0 78 0 15
2022 Métis 39 38 19 0 3 0 0 78 3 30
2020 Indigenous 57 26 10 6 0 0 0 84 6 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 27 16 6 2 2 0 76 8 1770
2020 Métis 65 21 7 7 0 0 0 86 7 25
2019 Indigenous 58 23 8 2 2 6 0 86 5 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 48 27 16 5 2 3 0 77 6 1730
2019 First Nation 62 21 4 5 5 4 0 86 10 25

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 86 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1440
2022 Indigenous 9 91 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1640
2022 First Nation 0 100 15
2020 Indigenous 14 86 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1775
2019 Indigenous 10 90 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1725

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 60 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 59 155

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 37 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 63 37 155

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 155

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 155

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 155

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 97 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 155

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 155

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 64 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 62 155

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 63 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 61 155

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 50 50 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 51 155

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 46 54 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 55 155

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 64 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 66 155

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 57 43 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 54 155

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 68 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 65 155

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 155

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 155

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 155

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 51 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 49 155

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 82 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 79 155

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 155

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 56 44 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 59 41 155

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 73 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 71 155

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 85 155

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 155

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 155

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 97 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 155

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 155

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 83 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 155

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 76 165
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 75 155

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 160
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 145

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 83 160
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 145

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 160
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 145

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 160
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 145

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 160
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 145

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 160
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 145

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 160
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 78 145

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 160
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 145

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 160
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 145

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 67 160
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 71 145

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 81 160
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 145

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 55 160
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 51 145

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 145

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 53 47 160
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 45 145

Question 62o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 160

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 160
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 145

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 18 6 19 5 0 36 15 49 11 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 11 12 5 6 43 13 49 24 1440
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 11 11 4 3 45 12 59 17 1640
2020 Indigenous 21 12 11 6 4 37 10 61 19 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 19 14 14 4 3 37 8 60 14 1770
2020 Métis 30 15 8 0 7 27 14 75 11 25
2019 Indigenous 17 9 6 11 6 39 13 52 35 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 19 13 18 6 5 30 9 53 18 1730
2019 First Nation 20 9 4 9 5 41 12 63 28 25

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 22 12 8 0 23 2 72 11 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 29 13 8 4 18 2 68 15 1440
2024 Métis 40 12 11 6 0 27 5 75 9 15
2022 Indigenous 27 28 19 1 2 20 4 71 4 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 31 12 5 3 17 2 77 9 1640
2022 Métis 29 25 22 2 0 21 0 69 3 30
2020 Indigenous 40 28 11 6 6 9 0 75 13 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 28 15 5 3 11 1 74 8 1770
2020 Métis 46 32 5 3 10 4 0 80 14 25
2019 Indigenous 27 34 10 10 2 14 2 72 15 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 28 15 5 3 9 1 74 9 1725
2019 First Nation 20 42 13 4 5 13 4 74 10 25

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 17 83 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1440
2022 Indigenous 16 84 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1640
2020 First Nation 0 100 20

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 75 125
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 69 120

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 77 23 125
2022 Non-Indigenous 83 17 120

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 120

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 125
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 120

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 125
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 120

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 125
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 120

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 125
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 120

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 66 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 71 120

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 23 77 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 120

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 120

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 120

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 76 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 80 120

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 26 74 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 76 120

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 120

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 120

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 120

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 80 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 120

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 120

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 62 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 64 120

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 120

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 23 77 125
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 61 120

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 125
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 120

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 95 125
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 120

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 125
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 120

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 125
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 120

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 120

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 125
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 120

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 125
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 120

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 56 44 125
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 49 120

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 115

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 115

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 115

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 115

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 115

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 115

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 115

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 115

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 115

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 70 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 70 115

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 115

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 47 53 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 53 115

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 115

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 69 31 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 63 37 115

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 120
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 115

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 23 3 17 0 6 45 5 53 12 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 12 13 5 3 45 10 54 18 1440
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 11 13 4 2 47 7 59 14 1640
2020 Indigenous 21 8 10 2 4 43 11 63 14 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 20 14 14 3 2 40 6 63 11 1770
2020 Métis 30 12 8 0 3 34 14 79 6 25
2019 Indigenous 19 8 12 9 2 31 19 54 21 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 12 18 4 3 34 9 58 11 1730
2019 First Nation 20 4 4 9 4 38 22 59 31 25

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 21 14 3 6 15 2 72 11 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 28 15 7 4 18 2 68 13 1440
2024 First Nation 35 15 14 7 13 17 0 60 24 15
2024 Métis 47 16 17 0 0 15 5 79 0 15
2022 Indigenous 26 31 15 0 4 19 4 75 6 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 29 13 5 2 17 2 75 9 1635
2022 First Nation 36 22 10 0 8 18 6 77 10 15
2022 Métis 20 39 17 0 0 21 3 78 0 30
2020 Indigenous 43 30 4 4 4 13 2 85 10 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 28 15 4 2 13 1 76 7 1770
2020 Métis 49 32 0 0 3 16 0 96 4 25
2019 Indigenous 29 32 12 5 2 16 4 76 8 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 28 14 3 2 11 1 78 6 1730
2019 First Nation 29 34 4 5 4 16 8 83 12 25

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 27 73 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 78 1440
2024 First Nation 24 76 15
2024 Métis 33 67 15
2022 Indigenous 26 74 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1640
2022 First Nation 12 88 15
2022 Métis 33 67 30
2020 Indigenous 16 84 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1775
2020 Métis 25 75 25
2019 Indigenous 12 88 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1730
2019 First Nation 17 83 25

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 50 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 66 34 325
2022 Indigenous 57 43 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 72 28 225

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 69 31 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 80 20 325
2022 Indigenous 74 26 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 76 24 225

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 30 8 8 7 2 0 76 15 265
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 34 7 10 6 2 1 77 16 170

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 38 17 4 3 3 0 76 7 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 29 8 5 5 2 2 82 10 1440
2024 First Nation 26 42 24 8 0 0 0 68 8 15
2024 Métis 51 26 12 0 6 5 0 81 6 15
2022 Indigenous 62 17 12 7 2 0 0 79 9 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 27 5 5 2 3 3 87 8 1640
2022 First Nation 49 23 15 8 6 0 0 72 13 15
2022 Métis 71 13 9 7 0 0 0 84 7 25
2020 Indigenous 61 28 2 2 5 0 2 91 7 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 56 27 6 4 2 2 3 87 7 1775
2020 Métis 65 23 0 4 8 0 0 88 12 25
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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 56 28 3 3 8 0 3 86 11 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 58 24 5 6 5 1 0 83 11 1440
2024 First Nation 37 46 6 0 5 0 6 88 6 15
2024 Métis 74 16 0 0 11 0 0 89 11 15
2022 Indigenous 63 21 14 0 2 0 0 84 2 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 63 24 5 5 3 1 0 88 8 1640
2022 First Nation 64 16 14 0 6 0 0 80 6 15
2022 Métis 61 23 15 0 0 0 0 85 0 30
2020 Indigenous 67 20 8 0 6 0 0 86 6 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 57 26 7 5 3 1 0 84 9 1760
2020 Métis 73 20 4 0 3 0 0 93 3 25

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 9 0 10 15 41 5 19 75 12 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 6 13 7 35 6 28 64 16 1440
2024 First Nation 12 0 15 16 36 0 20 65 15 15
2024 Métis 7 0 6 17 46 12 13 84 9 15
2022 Indigenous 4 4 12 8 36 2 34 69 13 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 5 10 7 41 6 27 72 13 1635
2022 First Nation 0 14 9 7 29 6 35 62 23 15
2022 Métis 3 0 11 10 39 0 36 78 5 30

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 17 49 9 9 11 5 0 69 21 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 39 18 13 7 5 0 60 21 1440
2024 First Nation 7 42 20 9 18 5 0 52 28 15
2024 Métis 29 49 0 11 6 5 0 83 17 15
2022 Indigenous 34 38 15 10 2 2 0 73 12 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 42 12 8 4 3 0 75 13 1635
2022 First Nation 22 33 26 8 6 6 0 58 14 15
2022 Métis 37 44 11 9 0 0 0 80 9 30
2020 Indigenous 41 33 21 4 0 0 0 74 4 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 40 10 5 2 2 0 83 6 1770
2020 Métis 52 29 19 0 0 0 0 81 0 25
2019 Indigenous 27 35 19 9 2 8 0 68 12 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 39 14 7 2 3 0 77 9 1725
2019 First Nation 20 41 22 13 0 4 0 64 14 25

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)		 Very good
(%)		 Good
(%)		 Fair
(%)		 Poor
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 22 31 21 14 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 25 35 22 9 1440
2024 First Nation 21 0 32 34 13 15
2024 Métis 6 39 27 11 17 15
2022 Indigenous 6 30 36 21 6 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 27 37 19 7 1640
2022 First Nation 6 13 38 35 8 15
2022 Métis 7 38 33 16 6 30

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 59 24 12 0 5 0 0 83 5 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 56 26 8 4 4 2 0 84 8 1440
2024 First Nation 52 29 19 0 0 0 0 81 0 15
2024 Métis 67 22 0 0 11 0 0 89 11 15
2022 Indigenous 65 30 3 0 0 2 0 96 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 61 25 7 3 2 2 0 88 5 1640
2022 First Nation 71 23 6 0 0 0 0 94 0 15
2022 Métis 64 33 2 0 0 0 0 98 0 30
2020 Indigenous 60 21 13 2 4 0 0 81 6 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 26 10 4 2 2 0 83 7 1760
2020 Métis 66 17 13 0 3 0 0 84 3 25

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 25 5 6 11 3 0 77 17 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 23 8 10 8 2 0 74 18 1440
2024 First Nation 37 37 6 0 13 7 0 79 14 15
2024 Métis 62 16 5 6 11 0 0 78 17 15
2022 Indigenous 49 27 16 2 6 0 0 76 8 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 24 7 8 6 1 0 80 14 1640
2022 First Nation 40 24 15 7 14 0 0 64 21 15
2022 Métis 55 24 18 0 2 0 0 80 2 30
2020 Indigenous 56 15 6 18 6 0 0 71 24 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 27 10 11 6 1 0 74 17 1770
2020 Métis 63 19 4 11 3 0 0 82 15 25

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 34 12 11 13 0 0 64 24 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 23 40 14 12 10 1 0 64 22 1440
2024 First Nation 32 30 14 12 13 0 0 62 24 15
2024 Métis 32 35 6 12 16 0 0 67 28 15
2022 Indigenous 31 41 16 8 2 0 2 74 10 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 39 11 9 6 1 0 74 15 1640
2022 First Nation 27 37 16 13 7 0 0 64 21 15
2022 Métis 33 44 17 2 0 0 3 80 3 30
2020 Indigenous 36 41 11 10 2 0 0 77 12 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 33 15 9 5 1 0 71 14 1775
2020 Métis 49 29 12 7 3 0 0 78 10 25
2019 Indigenous 28 38 21 9 4 0 0 66 13 45
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 37 14 10 6 2 0 69 17 1730
2019 First Nation 12 53 22 8 5 0 0 65 13 25

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 50 9 18 4 1 0 69 22 505
2022 Indigenous 23 67 0 10 0 0 0 90 10 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 52 12 10 4 1 0 74 14 565
2020 Indigenous 0 83 9 0 8 0 0 83 8 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 47 10 10 2 1 1 77 12 565
2019 Indigenous 19 42 29 0 0 0 11 68 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 44 12 10 3 2 1 74 14 500

Work-related stress

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 23 23 22 21 10 0 0 23 77 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 27 14 8 10 0 3 38 62 1435
2024 First Nation 26 33 6 29 5 0 0 26 74 15
2024 Métis 23 11 39 17 10 0 0 23 77 15
2022 Indigenous 33 22 11 13 16 0 4 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 27 19 8 9 0 3 1630
2022 First Nation 27 31 9 15 12 0 6 15
2022 Métis 37 20 13 8 20 0 3 30
2020 Indigenous 36 32 15 8 10 0 0 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 30 17 7 7 0 1 1755
2020 Métis 22 39 19 11 10 0 0 25
2019 Indigenous 28 40 11 4 15 0 2 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 30 20 11 11 0 1 1730
2019 First Nation 32 38 5 4 22 0 0 25

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 14 29 26 5 0 0 25 75 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 28 25 14 14 0 1 18 82 1435
2024 First Nation 19 8 46 21 6 0 0 19 81 15
2024 Métis 34 15 18 28 6 0 0 34 66 15
2022 Indigenous 20 17 39 13 9 0 2 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 25 28 18 13 0 0 1630
2022 First Nation 9 15 44 7 20 0 6 15
2022 Métis 27 17 35 18 4 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 21 22 26 19 12 0 0 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 15 23 28 18 14 0 1 1770
2020 Métis 27 16 23 17 17 0 0 25
2019 Indigenous 22 42 25 6 4 0 0 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 17 28 28 16 10 0 1 1730
2019 First Nation 16 46 22 12 4 0 0 25

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 26 32 29 2 11 0 0 26 74 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 30 22 14 12 0 1 21 79 1435
2024 First Nation 37 16 30 5 12 0 0 37 63 15
2024 Métis 19 44 26 0 11 0 0 19 81 15
2022 Indigenous 21 21 29 20 7 0 2 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 28 24 14 12 0 1 1630
2022 First Nation 21 10 22 28 14 0 6 15
2022 Métis 24 30 29 14 4 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 26 27 27 12 7 0 0 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 20 26 25 16 12 0 1 1765
2020 Métis 34 13 33 10 10 0 0 25
2019 Indigenous 30 39 19 10 2 0 0 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 30 23 16 10 0 1 1725
2019 First Nation 23 43 18 16 0 0 0 25

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 42 20 13 14 0 0 11 89 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 25 24 14 16 0 1 20 80 1440
2024 First Nation 6 39 26 19 11 0 0 6 94 15
2024 Métis 17 38 18 10 18 0 0 17 83 15
2022 Indigenous 19 17 24 18 21 0 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 23 23 18 18 0 1 1635
2022 First Nation 15 15 23 21 27 0 0 15
2022 Métis 24 17 24 18 17 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 21 25 23 21 10 0 0 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 25 23 18 15 0 1 1760
2020 Métis 27 24 12 21 15 0 0 25
2019 Indigenous 25 30 28 13 4 0 0 45
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 25 23 16 13 0 1 1720
2019 First Nation 19 20 31 25 5 0 0 25

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 35 14 2 9 0 0 39 61 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 25 14 9 7 0 6 42 58 1440
2024 First Nation 26 41 14 5 14 0 0 26 74 15
2024 Métis 56 21 17 0 6 0 0 56 44 15
2022 Indigenous 40 30 17 4 9 0 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 27 17 7 8 0 4 1635
2022 First Nation 31 37 12 6 14 0 0 15
2022 Métis 49 23 18 3 7 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 36 23 28 8 6 0 0 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 24 21 12 10 0 2 1765
2020 Métis 28 25 30 10 7 0 0 25
2019 Indigenous 55 23 15 2 2 0 2 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 29 16 9 5 0 2 1715
2019 First Nation 65 13 18 4 0 0 0 25

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 43 15 3 18 0 0 22 78 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 26 19 14 16 0 1 24 76 1440
2024 First Nation 19 36 22 7 16 0 0 19 81 15
2024 Métis 27 41 10 0 21 0 0 27 73 15
2022 Indigenous 26 27 23 15 10 0 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 25 24 11 12 0 1 1635
2022 First Nation 15 31 25 29 0 0 0 15
2022 Métis 34 18 24 8 16 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 19 36 27 13 6 0 0 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 26 23 15 13 0 0 1765
2020 Métis 24 30 29 10 7 0 0 25
2019 Indigenous 38 44 10 6 2 0 0 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 30 21 10 9 0 0 1725
2019 First Nation 37 54 9 0 0 0 0 25

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 27 38 14 10 11 0 0 27 73 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 29 20 13 8 0 1 29 71 1440
2024 First Nation 20 44 18 7 11 0 0 20 80 15
2024 Métis 29 37 7 15 12 0 0 29 71 15
2022 Indigenous 41 34 12 6 8 0 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 32 18 9 6 1 1 1635
2022 First Nation 48 27 18 0 7 0 0 15
2022 Métis 41 34 10 6 9 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 26 29 26 18 0 0 0 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 32 19 7 3 0 1 1760
2020 Métis 24 34 24 18 0 0 0 25
2019 Indigenous 35 33 19 11 2 0 0 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 35 19 9 5 0 1 1725
2019 First Nation 36 33 22 9 0 0 0 25

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 23 28 23 19 8 0 0 23 77 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 29 22 14 13 0 1 20 80 1440
2024 First Nation 26 24 19 19 11 0 0 26 74 15
2024 Métis 23 29 29 15 6 0 0 23 77 15
2022 Indigenous 23 22 37 8 10 0 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 32 22 13 9 0 1 1640
2022 First Nation 8 20 45 13 13 0 0 15
2022 Métis 33 22 30 5 10 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 22 26 35 13 4 0 0 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 31 24 12 7 0 1 1765
2020 Métis 20 36 33 3 7 0 0 25
2019 Indigenous 41 32 12 13 2 0 0 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 34 23 12 7 0 1 1725
2019 First Nation 32 34 17 13 4 0 0 25

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 26 16 16 11 0 0 32 68 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 28 17 11 12 1 1 30 70 1440
2024 First Nation 25 45 17 7 6 0 0 25 75 15
2024 Métis 35 11 17 20 17 0 0 35 65 15
2022 Indigenous 31 36 19 2 12 0 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 30 19 11 9 0 1 1640
2022 First Nation 23 34 36 0 7 0 0 15
2022 Métis 37 34 9 4 16 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 19 36 11 26 8 0 0 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 32 20 10 6 0 0 1770
2020 Métis 32 19 12 26 11 0 0 25
2019 Indigenous 27 32 21 19 2 0 0 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 29 22 11 9 0 0 1725
2019 First Nation 28 25 29 17 0 0 0 25

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 23 10 9 8 0 0 50 50 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 47 26 12 7 7 0 1 47 53 1435
2024 First Nation 68 15 11 0 6 0 0 68 32 15
2024 Métis 33 33 10 12 12 0 0 33 67 15
2022 Indigenous 47 34 4 6 8 2 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 24 11 5 7 0 1 1635
2022 First Nation 64 23 0 0 7 6 0 15
2022 Métis 42 37 6 6 9 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 42 28 15 9 4 0 2 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 51 25 13 6 5 0 0 1750
2020 Métis 42 28 20 3 4 0 4 25
2019 Indigenous 58 25 13 2 2 0 0 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 25 13 6 6 0 1 1725
2019 First Nation 57 21 17 0 5 0 0 25

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 61 7 13 0 16 0 2 62 38 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 54 24 10 5 5 0 1 55 45 1440
2024 First Nation 68 8 13 0 11 0 0 68 32 15
2024 Métis 54 0 16 0 25 0 5 57 43 15
2022 Indigenous 61 20 10 7 2 0 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 26 11 5 3 0 2 1635
2022 First Nation 59 29 0 6 7 0 0 15
2022 Métis 64 17 13 6 0 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 24 34 27 5 11 0 0 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 31 24 12 6 0 0 1765
2020 Métis 20 50 22 0 8 0 0 25

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 37 29 21 3 10 0 0 37 63 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 30 18 7 7 1 1 37 63 1435
2024 First Nation 21 26 40 0 12 0 0 21 79 15
2024 Métis 56 23 5 6 10 0 0 56 44 15
2022 Indigenous 39 33 14 10 4 0 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 30 20 8 5 0 1 1630
2022 First Nation 36 28 29 7 0 0 0 15
2022 Métis 44 32 8 9 7 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 38 19 28 9 4 0 2 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 34 20 9 5 0 1 1765
2020 Métis 36 18 31 8 4 0 4 25
2019 Indigenous 35 51 8 2 4 0 0 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 33 19 7 3 0 0 1730
2019 First Nation 36 48 12 0 4 0 0 25

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 31 19 0 11 2 8 31 69 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 20 16 12 17 0 3 35 65 1435
2024 First Nation 21 28 31 0 12 0 7 23 77 15
2024 Métis 37 25 10 0 11 5 11 45 55 15
2022 Indigenous 57 9 18 10 6 0 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 23 15 7 8 1 2 1630
2022 First Nation 58 0 22 7 13 0 0 15
2022 Métis 56 14 17 10 3 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 61 13 18 4 4 0 0 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 28 16 7 3 0 1 1745
2020 Métis 65 11 12 4 7 0 0 25
2019 Indigenous 67 25 6 2 0 0 0 45
2019 Non-Indigenous 55 21 12 6 5 0 1 1725
2019 First Nation 73 19 8 0 0 0 0 25

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 35 17 9 0 0 0 40 60 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 30 15 6 5 0 1 43 57 1435
2024 First Nation 47 29 18 6 0 0 0 47 53 15
2024 Métis 38 31 18 13 0 0 0 38 62 15
2022 Indigenous 48 27 23 2 0 0 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 33 12 4 3 0 1 1635
2022 First Nation 50 19 32 0 0 0 0 15
2022 Métis 49 30 18 3 0 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 38 35 15 4 8 0 0 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 37 20 8 4 0 0 1745
2020 Métis 30 40 16 4 10 0 0 25

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 75 2 5 0 3 0 15 88 12 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 70 10 3 2 3 1 12 79 21 1440
2024 First Nation 71 5 11 0 0 0 12 81 19 15
2024 Métis 75 0 0 0 6 0 19 93 7 15

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 69 8 7 0 6 0 10 76 24 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 61 12 7 4 5 1 10 68 32 1440
2024 First Nation 71 5 11 0 7 0 6 75 25 15
2024 Métis 63 12 5 0 6 0 15 74 26 15

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 66 3 11 6 2 2 10 75 25 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 73 9 4 3 4 2 6 79 21 1435
2024 First Nation 70 0 12 7 5 0 6 75 25 15
2024 Métis 58 6 11 6 0 5 15 72 28 15
2022 Indigenous 75 7 7 3 6 0 2 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 77 8 4 1 3 1 5 1635
2022 First Nation 71 9 8 6 0 0 6 15
2022 Métis 84 3 8 2 3 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 75 10 0 2 4 2 7 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 79 8 4 2 2 1 3 1740
2020 Métis 86 7 0 0 3 0 4 25
2019 Indigenous 66 21 4 4 2 2 0 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 75 9 5 4 5 1 2 1725
2019 First Nation 57 30 4 4 0 5 0 25

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 67 10 12 3 3 0 5 71 29 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 64 20 7 3 3 1 3 67 33 1440
2024 First Nation 62 14 24 0 0 0 0 62 38 15
2024 Métis 69 8 0 7 6 0 11 77 23 15
2022 Indigenous 80 11 6 0 0 0 4 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 70 18 6 2 1 0 3 1635
2022 First Nation 79 15 0 0 0 0 6 15
2022 Métis 84 7 7 0 0 0 3 30
2020 Indigenous 74 14 4 2 2 0 5 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 71 18 6 3 1 0 1 1740
2020 Métis 78 12 7 0 3 0 0 25
2019 Indigenous 61 26 9 0 2 0 2 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 63 23 8 2 2 0 1 1720
2019 First Nation 60 27 13 0 0 0 0 25

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 66 13 9 3 5 0 5 69 31 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 16 8 4 5 1 2 65 35 1435
2024 First Nation 83 5 6 0 6 0 0 83 17 15
2024 Métis 51 16 12 6 6 0 9 56 44 15
2022 Indigenous 70 16 7 2 3 0 2 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 67 16 8 3 4 0 3 1635
2022 First Nation 72 7 15 0 0 0 6 15
2022 Métis 72 19 3 0 5 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 68 11 6 4 6 0 5 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 69 16 7 4 3 0 1 1750
2020 Métis 81 4 4 7 4 0 0 25
2019 Indigenous 66 13 11 4 4 0 2 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 61 18 8 6 6 0 1 1715
2019 First Nation 70 8 13 4 5 0 0 25

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 65 3 3 2 0 0 27 89 11 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 60 10 5 2 1 1 21 77 23 1435
2024 First Nation 62 6 6 0 0 0 26 83 17 15
2024 Métis 63 0 0 5 0 0 32 93 7 15
2022 Indigenous 77 0 4 0 2 0 17 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 61 11 4 1 1 0 21 1635
2022 First Nation 80 0 6 0 0 0 14 15
2022 Métis 77 0 3 0 0 0 20 30
2020 Indigenous 75 6 2 2 2 0 13 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 63 11 3 2 1 0 20 1750
2020 Métis 83 7 3 0 3 0 3 25
2019 Indigenous 57 9 4 2 2 0 26 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 61 10 4 2 1 0 22 1720
2019 First Nation 57 5 0 4 0 0 34 25

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 68 21 6 3 0 0 2 69 31 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 69 16 5 1 2 1 6 74 26 1430
2024 First Nation 65 21 7 7 0 0 0 65 35 15
2024 Métis 65 23 7 0 0 0 4 69 31 15
2022 Indigenous 86 8 2 0 0 0 4 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 72 15 5 1 1 0 5 1635
2022 First Nation 88 6 0 0 0 0 6 15
2022 Métis 83 10 4 0 0 0 3 30
2020 Indigenous 79 6 7 4 0 0 5 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 74 15 6 1 1 0 3 1770
2020 Métis 86 7 0 7 0 0 0 25
2019 Indigenous 81 8 4 2 0 0 5 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 71 17 5 1 1 0 4 1715
2019 First Nation 83 12 0 0 0 0 5 25

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 73 5 10 7 0 2 2 77 23 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 16 8 3 6 0 3 66 34 1440
2024 First Nation 57 6 22 16 0 0 0 57 43 15
2024 Métis 86 5 0 0 0 5 4 94 6 15
2022 Indigenous 72 13 10 3 0 0 2 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 74 11 5 3 2 0 4 1640
2022 First Nation 72 10 9 9 0 0 0 15
2022 Métis 73 13 11 0 0 0 3 30
2020 Indigenous 69 13 9 3 7 0 0 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 71 13 8 3 3 0 2 1765
2020 Métis 69 7 15 0 9 0 0 25
2019 Indigenous 77 8 6 2 4 0 2 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 77 10 4 2 3 0 2 1725
2019 First Nation 87 4 9 0 0 0 0 25

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 45 19 22 6 3 0 5 47 53 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 47 25 15 4 5 1 3 49 51 1435
2024 First Nation 60 7 27 0 0 0 6 64 36 15
2024 Métis 30 26 21 12 6 0 4 32 68 15
2022 Indigenous 46 34 13 7 0 0 0 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 26 14 4 4 0 3 1640
2022 First Nation 31 37 22 10 0 0 0 15
2022 Métis 55 29 10 6 0 0 0 30
2020 Indigenous 48 38 9 4 2 0 0 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 28 15 5 2 0 1 1765
2020 Métis 53 33 7 4 4 0 0 25
2019 Indigenous 62 21 11 4 0 0 2 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 56 27 10 3 2 0 1 1715
2019 First Nation 66 21 13 0 0 0 0 25

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)		 Low
(%)		 Moderate
(%)		 High
(%)		 Very High
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 15 51 11 14 0 0 24 25 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 27 40 15 9 0 0 35 24 1445
2024 First Nation 13 22 35 24 6 0 0 35 30 15
2024 Métis 6 11 60 0 23 0 0 16 23 15
2022 Indigenous 6 28 55 11 0 0 0 34 11 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 31 41 14 6 0 0 39 20 1640
2022 First Nation 0 29 66 6 0 0 0 29 6 15
2022 Métis 9 30 48 12 0 0 0 40 12 30
2020 Indigenous 12 35 37 10 6 0 0 47 15 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 32 36 15 5 0 0 43 20 1770
2020 Métis 11 33 36 13 7 0 0 44 20 25
2019 Indigenous 21 39 33 8 0 0 0 59 8 45
2019 Non-Indigenous 15 32 36 12 4 0 0 47 17 1730
2019 First Nation 16 40 36 8 0 0 0 55 8 25

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 29 28 18 11 0 0 29 43 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 25 39 14 7 0 0 21 40 1440
2024 First Nation 19 34 12 22 13 0 0 35 53 15
2024 Métis 12 28 33 16 11 0 0 27 40 15
2022 Indigenous 2 30 33 29 6 0 0 35 32 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 22 41 20 7 0 1 27 31 1635
2022 First Nation 7 26 45 22 0 0 0 22 33 15
2022 Métis 0 32 24 35 9 0 0 44 32 30
2020 Indigenous 12 11 40 19 18 0 0 37 23 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 24 36 21 7 0 0 28 36 1760
2020 Métis 18 11 33 21 17 0 0 38 29 25
2019 Indigenous 9 20 32 27 13 0 0 39 29 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 20 40 21 10 0 0 31 29 1715
2019 First Nation 14 16 35 28 8 0 0 36 30 25
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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 37 52 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 60 1440
2024 First Nation 30 47 15
2024 Métis 37 63 15
2022 Indigenous 42 49 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 57 1640
2022 First Nation 40 37 15
2022 Métis 43 57 30
2020 Indigenous 30 50 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 53 1775
2020 Métis 36 49 25

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 64 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 60 390
2022 Indigenous 42 58 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 67 465
2022 Métis 38 62 10
2020 Indigenous 41 59 15
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 67 525

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 20 14 11 12 0 7 39 61 35
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 19 14 6 9 2 12 45 55 1440
2024 First Nation 49 7 0 19 11 0 14 57 43 15
2024 Métis 29 29 23 5 15 0 0 29 71 15
2022 Indigenous 30 21 6 10 12 0 20 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 20 12 6 6 2 14 1640
2022 First Nation 27 18 0 6 19 0 31 15
2022 Métis 35 22 10 10 7 0 17 30
2020 Indigenous 30 32 12 8 4 0 15 45
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 22 14 7 7 1 7 1775
2020 Métis 23 38 15 11 3 0 11 25
2019 Indigenous 42 14 15 4 17 0 8 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 20 17 11 11 1 4 1715
2019 First Nation 42 12 9 4 26 0 7 25

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 6 15 23 13 37 6 0 22 53 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 19 15 16 34 3 4 29 55 390
2022 Indigenous 10 26 10 5 33 11 5 43 45 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 23 12 18 28 3 7 36 51 465
2022 Métis 8 30 16 8 30 0 8 41 42 10
2020 Indigenous 7 20 19 21 26 0 6 29 51 15
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 21 19 19 21 2 5 36 44 525

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 14 8 23 55 0 0 14 78 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 12 10 19 47 2 4 19 70 390
2022 Indigenous 7 12 12 5 43 5 16 24 61 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 17 12 21 37 2 5 24 63 465
2022 Métis 12 18 8 8 39 0 16 36 55 10
2020 Indigenous 0 13 21 29 37 0 0 13 66 15
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 14 14 25 34 2 4 22 63 525
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