2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Public Service Commission of Canada by Question 97. Are you currently a shift worker?

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Table of contents

Top of page

Employee engagement

Employee engagement

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 53 32 15 0 0 0 0 85 0 20
2024 Non-shift worker 29 40 13 9 9 0 0 69 18 505
2022 Shift worker 36 40 20 4 0 0 0 76 4 25
2022 Non-shift worker 38 42 11 6 3 0 0 80 9 565
2020 Non-shift worker 39 35 12 9 5 0 0 74 14 565
2019 Non-shift worker 38 41 10 8 3 0 0 79 11 660

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 41 39 5 14 0 0 0 80 14 20
2024 Non-shift worker 32 33 13 12 9 1 0 66 20 505
2022 Shift worker 31 47 19 0 4 0 0 78 4 25
2022 Non-shift worker 43 35 11 7 5 0 0 78 11 565
2020 Non-shift worker 39 35 11 10 5 0 0 74 15 565
2019 Non-shift worker 38 37 12 9 3 0 0 76 12 660

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 68 21 5 5 0 0 0 89 5 20
2024 Non-shift worker 44 35 13 4 3 0 0 80 7 505
2022 Shift worker 52 45 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 49 38 7 3 2 0 0 88 5 565
2020 Non-shift worker 51 33 10 5 2 0 0 84 7 555
2019 Non-shift worker 50 34 9 5 1 0 0 85 6 660

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 48 41 11 0 0 0 0 89 0 20
2024 Non-shift worker 36 38 14 8 4 0 0 74 12 505
2022 Shift worker 45 40 8 0 6 0 0 85 6 25
2022 Non-shift worker 43 39 11 5 2 0 0 82 7 565
2020 Non-shift worker 44 36 10 7 3 0 0 80 10 565
2019 Non-shift worker 43 39 10 6 2 0 0 82 8 665

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 53 22 10 10 0 5 0 79 10 20
2024 Non-shift worker 31 28 17 12 10 1 0 61 22 505
2022 Shift worker 42 36 16 7 0 0 0 78 7 25
2022 Non-shift worker 47 31 11 6 4 1 0 79 10 570
2020 Non-shift worker 45 31 14 7 2 0 0 77 9 560
2019 Non-shift worker 51 30 10 5 2 1 0 82 7 660

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 45 40 0 15 0 0 0 85 15 20
2024 Non-shift worker 29 29 18 14 10 0 0 58 24 505
2022 Shift worker 42 33 14 11 0 0 0 75 11 25
2022 Non-shift worker 44 33 12 6 4 0 0 78 10 570
2020 Non-shift worker 45 33 12 8 2 0 0 78 10 555
2019 Non-shift worker 47 33 11 6 3 0 0 80 8 660

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 52 15 13 0 14 5 0 71 15 20
2024 Non-shift worker 29 20 19 11 15 6 0 53 27 505
2022 Shift worker 34 39 3 19 0 5 0 77 20 25
2022 Non-shift worker 40 24 12 12 7 4 1 67 20 570
2020 Non-shift worker 38 27 14 12 6 2 0 67 18 565
2019 Non-shift worker 40 22 14 12 8 4 1 65 21 660
Top of page

Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 41 18 21 0 10 0 9 66 11 20
2024 Non-shift worker 48 27 10 3 3 1 8 82 6 505
2022 Shift worker 31 38 19 0 3 0 8 76 4 25
2022 Non-shift worker 51 26 10 3 3 1 6 83 7 565
2020 Non-shift worker 60 25 8 5 1 0 1 86 6 565
2019 Non-shift worker 55 24 11 5 2 1 3 82 7 660

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 52 33 5 0 10 0 0 85 10 20
2024 Non-shift worker 52 28 8 7 3 0 1 82 10 505
2022 Shift worker 49 26 13 3 4 0 5 79 7 25
2022 Non-shift worker 54 33 6 4 3 0 0 88 6 570
2020 Non-shift worker 53 32 7 6 2 0 0 85 8 565
2019 Non-shift worker 52 31 8 5 2 1 1 84 7 655

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 58 22 10 0 10 0 0 80 10 20
2024 Non-shift worker 55 26 7 6 6 0 0 82 11 505
2022 Shift worker 42 45 10 3 0 0 0 87 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 61 26 6 4 3 0 0 87 7 570
2020 Non-shift worker 60 25 6 5 4 0 0 85 9 565
2019 Non-shift worker 56 28 7 5 3 0 0 85 8 665

Senior management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 20 46 19 11 0 5 0 69 12 20
2024 Non-shift worker 23 30 14 14 10 9 0 59 26 505
2022 Shift worker 40 36 7 3 4 11 0 84 8 25
2022 Non-shift worker 39 33 8 6 5 10 0 80 12 565
2020 Non-shift worker 44 28 12 7 2 7 0 78 10 565
2019 Non-shift worker 38 35 12 5 3 7 0 78 9 655

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 22 36 19 9 10 5 0 61 19 20
2024 Non-shift worker 18 28 16 18 19 2 0 47 37 505
2022 Shift worker 25 50 4 11 4 6 0 80 16 25
2022 Non-shift worker 30 35 14 10 7 4 0 68 18 570
2020 Non-shift worker 37 34 15 9 4 1 0 72 13 560
2019 Non-shift worker 34 37 15 7 4 2 0 73 11 655

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 22 36 14 10 18 0 0 58 29 20
2024 Non-shift worker 11 24 18 20 22 5 0 37 44 505
2022 Shift worker 22 27 25 6 8 11 0 56 16 25
2022 Non-shift worker 22 32 17 15 8 7 0 57 24 565
2020 Non-shift worker 26 34 14 17 5 6 0 63 23 565
2019 Non-shift worker 24 37 16 11 5 7 0 66 17 655

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 22 50 22 0 5 0 0 73 5 20
2024 Non-shift worker 13 28 18 22 17 2 0 43 39 505
2022 Shift worker 26 25 36 3 4 6 0 54 7 25
2022 Non-shift worker 23 38 14 14 8 3 0 62 23 570
2020 Non-shift worker 27 37 13 17 4 2 0 65 22 560
2019 Non-shift worker 22 37 18 12 7 4 0 62 20 655
Top of page

Workforce

Performance management

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 44 18 9 14 16 0 0 62 30 20
2024 Non-shift worker 29 36 15 10 11 0 0 64 21 505
2022 Shift worker 38 43 12 7 0 0 0 81 7 25
2022 Non-shift worker 40 33 13 10 4 0 0 73 14 565
2020 Non-shift worker 38 38 12 9 4 0 0 76 12 565
2019 Non-shift worker 37 37 12 10 3 0 1 74 14 665

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 48 41 5 5 0 0 0 89 5 20
2024 Non-shift worker 37 40 8 11 4 0 0 76 15 505
2022 Shift worker 26 45 26 0 3 0 0 71 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 41 42 6 8 3 0 0 83 11 565
2020 Non-shift worker 40 38 9 9 4 0 0 78 13 560
2019 Non-shift worker 39 39 11 8 4 0 0 78 11 665

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 52 23 15 0 10 0 0 75 10 20
2024 Non-shift worker 46 33 9 7 5 0 1 79 12 505
2022 Shift worker 36 43 14 7 0 0 0 79 7 25
2022 Non-shift worker 49 33 6 8 3 1 1 83 11 570
2020 Non-shift worker 49 34 9 6 2 0 0 84 8 565
2019 Non-shift worker 45 33 9 7 4 0 1 80 11 655

Job fit and development

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 45 32 13 10 0 0 0 77 10 20
2024 Non-shift worker 33 41 11 11 3 0 2 75 14 505
2022 Shift worker 29 42 15 11 4 0 0 71 15 25
2022 Non-shift worker 41 38 11 8 2 0 1 79 10 565
2020 Non-shift worker 36 39 11 9 4 0 1 76 13 560
2019 Non-shift worker 39 36 12 8 3 0 1 76 12 655

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 42 34 15 5 5 0 0 75 10 20
2024 Non-shift worker 53 24 10 4 5 2 2 80 10 500
2022 Shift worker 33 43 11 13 0 0 0 76 13 25
2022 Non-shift worker 56 25 9 4 3 2 2 84 7 570
2020 Non-shift worker 51 25 12 6 3 1 1 78 10 560

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 26 17 38 13 5 0 0 44 18 20
2024 Non-shift worker 18 32 20 15 12 2 0 52 27 505
2022 Shift worker 29 43 19 3 7 0 0 72 10 25
2022 Non-shift worker 30 41 13 9 5 2 0 72 14 565
2020 Non-shift worker 29 33 15 15 6 2 0 63 21 565
2019 Non-shift worker 25 37 15 14 7 3 0 64 21 655

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 40 29 5 10 4 0 10 45 55 20
2024 Non-shift worker 41 21 15 8 9 1 6 44 56 505
2022 Shift worker 35 39 12 0 2 5 7 25
2022 Non-shift worker 48 22 12 5 6 1 5 570
2020 Non-shift worker 54 19 12 6 4 1 4 565
2019 Non-shift worker 53 22 12 5 3 0 5 660

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 59 21 10 0 0 0 10 66 34 20
2024 Non-shift worker 63 7 3 2 4 1 19 79 21 505

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 60 9 11 4 10 0 5 64 36 20
2024 Non-shift worker 68 9 6 2 3 5 8 78 22 505
2022 Shift worker 57 21 0 7 0 8 7 25
2022 Non-shift worker 70 10 4 2 4 3 7 570
2020 Non-shift worker 76 8 5 2 3 2 3 560
2019 Non-shift worker 78 7 4 2 2 3 4 655

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 67 8 0 5 0 0 21 84 16 20
2024 Non-shift worker 66 8 5 2 4 2 14 79 21 505

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 49 8 12 0 5 5 21 66 34 20
2024 Non-shift worker 59 8 9 4 6 2 12 70 30 505

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 11 30 4 27 28 0 0 41 55 20
2024 Non-shift worker 14 26 12 20 21 4 3 43 44 505
2022 Shift worker 13 47 17 13 10 0 0 60 24 25
2022 Non-shift worker 25 31 11 14 12 4 4 60 28 570
2020 Non-shift worker 21 27 14 18 15 2 3 50 36 565
2019 Non-shift worker 20 24 15 19 16 3 3 47 37 660

Empowerment

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 40 37 0 4 19 0 0 77 23 20
2024 Non-shift worker 25 36 17 13 9 0 0 61 22 505
2022 Shift worker 38 36 12 11 4 0 0 74 14 25
2022 Non-shift worker 37 38 10 10 5 0 0 75 15 565
2020 Non-shift worker 37 38 13 10 3 0 0 75 12 560
2019 Non-shift worker 36 39 12 9 3 0 0 75 12 660

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 46 22 17 10 5 0 0 68 15 20
2024 Non-shift worker 32 33 16 11 7 0 1 66 18 505
2022 Shift worker 37 41 13 9 0 0 0 78 9 25
2022 Non-shift worker 38 41 8 7 5 0 0 79 12 565
2020 Non-shift worker 41 33 12 9 5 0 0 75 14 560
2019 Non-shift worker 40 36 12 8 3 0 0 77 11 660

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 35 36 10 5 5 0 9 78 12 20
2024 Non-shift worker 34 37 16 7 5 0 0 71 13 505
2022 Shift worker 30 32 32 3 4 0 0 61 7 25
2022 Non-shift worker 41 37 12 8 3 0 0 78 10 565
2020 Non-shift worker 39 38 11 9 3 0 0 77 12 560
2019 Non-shift worker 38 43 11 6 2 0 0 81 8 660

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 31 35 18 11 5 0 0 66 15 20
2024 Non-shift worker 21 37 19 11 7 4 1 61 19 505
2022 Shift worker 23 42 28 4 0 3 0 66 4 25
2022 Non-shift worker 28 44 12 9 4 3 0 75 13 565
2020 Non-shift worker 26 44 16 10 2 2 0 72 12 565
2019 Non-shift worker 24 44 17 8 1 4 0 72 10 660

Work-life balance and workload

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 45 14 4 20 18 0 0 58 38 20
2024 Non-shift worker 31 32 14 9 13 0 1 64 22 505
2022 Shift worker 41 44 8 7 0 0 0 85 7 25
2022 Non-shift worker 47 33 8 7 5 0 0 80 12 565
2020 Non-shift worker 51 27 9 7 5 0 1 79 12 560
2019 Non-shift worker 56 27 8 5 3 0 0 84 8 660

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 53 42 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 20
2024 Non-shift worker 44 28 10 8 8 0 1 74 16 505
2022 Shift worker 40 23 21 2 4 6 3 70 6 25
2022 Non-shift worker 42 31 13 7 6 0 0 74 13 570
2020 Non-shift worker 43 29 12 9 7 0 0 73 15 560
2019 Non-shift worker 48 30 13 4 4 0 0 79 8 660

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 50 32 5 4 10 0 0 81 14 20
2024 Non-shift worker 62 22 6 3 3 2 2 88 7 505
2022 Shift worker 65 14 8 4 3 3 3 84 7 25
2022 Non-shift worker 68 21 3 2 2 2 1 92 4 570

Mobility and retention

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Unsure
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 24 38 39 20
2024 Non-shift worker 43 28 29 505
2022 Shift worker 50 18 32 25
2022 Non-shift worker 43 28 29 565
2020 Non-shift worker 38 32 30 565
2019 Non-shift worker 41 26 33 660

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.

Survey year Demographic To retire
(%)
To pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)
To pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)
To pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)
End of my term, casual or student employment
(%)
Other reason
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 11 22 48 4 3 12 215
2022 Shift worker 0 31 13 0 32 24 15
2022 Non-shift worker 10 34 38 4 6 8 240
2020 Non-shift worker 13 25 54 2 2 5 220
2019 Non-shift worker 9 20 48 2 11 9 265
Top of page

Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 53 37 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 20
2024 Non-shift worker 45 39 8 4 3 0 0 84 8 505
2022 Shift worker 36 50 10 4 0 0 0 86 4 25
2022 Non-shift worker 51 39 6 4 2 0 0 89 5 565
2020 Non-shift worker 54 34 7 4 2 0 0 88 5 565
2019 Non-shift worker 47 40 7 3 2 1 0 88 5 660

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 31 41 18 10 0 0 0 72 10 20
2024 Non-shift worker 21 44 16 11 6 1 0 66 18 505
2022 Shift worker 32 44 10 6 8 0 0 76 14 25
2022 Non-shift worker 26 47 12 10 3 1 0 74 14 565
2020 Non-shift worker 33 47 11 7 1 1 0 80 9 565
2019 Non-shift worker 32 47 10 8 1 1 0 80 9 660

Organizational performance

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 13 20 45 13 0 0 9 14 36 20
2024 Non-shift worker 17 22 29 18 10 0 4 29 41 500
2022 Shift worker 0 28 39 24 9 0 0 33 28 25
2022 Non-shift worker 8 18 39 20 13 1 1 34 26 565
2020 Non-shift worker 11 23 33 24 8 0 1 32 34 560
2019 Non-shift worker 7 17 38 23 12 1 2 36 25 660

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 17 5 30 18 5 11 13 30 30 20
2024 Non-shift worker 26 22 26 14 6 2 5 21 51 505
2022 Shift worker 13 23 34 15 9 0 6 25 38 25
2022 Non-shift worker 15 23 32 16 10 1 3 26 40 565
2020 Non-shift worker 15 24 31 16 10 2 1 27 41 565
2019 Non-shift worker 12 24 30 18 12 2 2 32 37 660

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 4 5 38 45 0 0 9 49 10 20
2024 Non-shift worker 16 17 26 23 14 1 3 39 34 505
2022 Shift worker 0 7 29 37 24 0 3 63 7 25
2022 Non-shift worker 8 11 34 28 16 1 2 45 20 570
2020 Non-shift worker 8 18 28 31 14 1 1 46 26 560
2019 Non-shift worker 5 11 31 31 20 1 1 52 17 655

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 22 16 14 35 5 0 9 44 41 20
2024 Non-shift worker 24 23 23 13 12 1 4 26 50 505
2022 Shift worker 0 13 28 23 19 6 10 51 15 25
2022 Non-shift worker 15 18 27 20 18 1 1 38 34 565
2020 Non-shift worker 15 21 26 23 14 1 1 38 36 560
2019 Non-shift worker 8 13 27 26 21 3 2 49 22 655

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 9 20 41 12 9 0 9 23 31 20
2024 Non-shift worker 16 19 23 19 16 2 6 37 38 505
2022 Shift worker 2 37 16 13 13 15 3 33 48 25
2022 Non-shift worker 15 20 27 17 14 3 4 33 38 570
2020 Non-shift worker 7 16 27 27 19 3 1 48 24 560
2019 Non-shift worker 9 22 25 22 15 5 3 40 33 655

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 14 4 27 25 21 9 0 50 20 20
2024 Non-shift worker 17 24 27 17 9 2 4 27 44 505
2022 Shift worker 3 21 24 23 16 6 6 45 28 25
2022 Non-shift worker 13 17 35 18 12 2 3 31 32 570
2020 Non-shift worker 13 19 32 22 11 2 1 34 33 560
2019 Non-shift worker 10 18 31 24 12 3 2 38 29 660

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 4 14 24 9 35 14 0 52 21 20
2024 Non-shift worker 9 16 31 29 12 1 2 42 25 505
2022 Shift worker 10 13 20 37 10 4 7 52 26 25
2022 Non-shift worker 6 12 35 26 18 0 3 46 18 570
2020 Non-shift worker 12 27 33 20 7 0 0 27 39 560
2019 Non-shift worker 15 28 30 17 8 1 1 25 44 660

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 26 26 24 10 14 0 0 52 24 20
2024 Non-shift worker 9 26 20 24 19 2 0 36 44 505
2022 Shift worker 25 45 9 14 0 6 0 75 15 25
2022 Non-shift worker 14 36 18 17 10 5 0 52 28 570
2020 Non-shift worker 19 43 19 13 5 1 0 63 18 565
2019 Non-shift worker 19 41 19 13 4 5 0 63 18 655

Diversity and inclusion

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 57 33 0 10 0 0 0 90 10 20
2024 Non-shift worker 52 31 6 4 5 1 0 84 10 505
2022 Shift worker 56 22 5 11 0 6 0 83 12 25
2022 Non-shift worker 63 24 5 3 4 0 0 88 7 565
2020 Non-shift worker 57 27 6 6 4 1 0 85 10 565
2019 Non-shift worker 56 28 7 5 2 1 0 85 8 660

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 62 24 5 0 9 0 0 86 9 20
2024 Non-shift worker 56 29 7 4 3 0 0 86 7 505
2022 Shift worker 71 22 0 3 4 0 0 93 7 25
2022 Non-shift worker 67 24 3 3 2 0 0 91 5 565
2020 Non-shift worker 60 31 5 4 1 0 0 91 4 565
2019 Non-shift worker 55 35 4 5 1 0 0 90 6 655

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 61 34 0 5 0 0 0 95 5 20
2024 Non-shift worker 49 34 8 5 3 1 0 84 8 505
2022 Shift worker 42 40 8 3 0 6 0 88 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 57 29 7 4 2 0 0 87 6 565
2020 Non-shift worker 51 36 6 5 1 1 0 88 6 560
2019 Non-shift worker 50 37 9 3 1 1 0 87 4 660

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 57 19 19 0 5 0 0 76 5 20
2024 Non-shift worker 31 38 14 8 7 2 0 70 16 505
2022 Shift worker 39 35 16 0 4 6 0 79 4 25
2022 Non-shift worker 45 35 8 5 4 3 0 82 9 570
2020 Non-shift worker 44 36 9 7 3 1 0 81 10 560
2019 Non-shift worker 47 36 10 4 2 1 0 84 6 655

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 30 26 20 0 5 19 0 70 6 20
2024 Non-shift worker 33 40 11 7 3 5 0 78 10 505
2022 Shift worker 39 41 20 0 0 0 0 80 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 44 35 10 5 2 4 0 83 7 565
2020 Non-shift worker 50 35 8 4 1 1 0 87 5 565
2019 Non-shift worker 56 32 7 2 0 2 0 91 2 660

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 61 29 0 10 0 0 0 90 10 20
2024 Non-shift worker 38 38 8 10 5 0 0 76 15 505
2022 Shift worker 49 46 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 56 32 4 4 2 0 0 89 7 570
2020 Non-shift worker 59 31 8 2 1 0 0 89 3 565
2019 Non-shift worker 63 28 5 2 1 0 0 91 4 660

Anti-racism

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 18 47 5 15 14 0 0 65 30 20
2024 Non-shift worker 40 27 8 7 5 7 6 77 14 505
2022 Shift worker 35 25 19 0 3 14 5 73 4 25
2022 Non-shift worker 43 25 8 6 4 8 7 79 11 570

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 22 43 10 15 10 0 0 65 25 20
2024 Non-shift worker 40 25 10 7 4 8 6 76 13 505
2022 Shift worker 34 25 16 0 0 18 6 79 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 43 25 8 7 3 8 6 79 12 565

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 38 14 14 5 5 25 0 69 13 20
2024 Non-shift worker 27 24 21 6 2 18 2 64 10 505
2022 Shift worker 37 30 16 11 0 7 0 71 12 25
2022 Non-shift worker 34 28 17 4 3 12 1 72 8 565
2020 Non-shift worker 46 36 10 4 2 2 0 84 6 565

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 31 38 5 11 5 11 0 77 17 20
2024 Non-shift worker 38 30 7 8 6 7 5 77 15 505
2022 Shift worker 44 32 10 4 3 7 0 81 8 25
2022 Non-shift worker 43 30 7 4 6 6 4 81 11 565
2020 Non-shift worker 49 29 8 7 3 1 2 81 11 565

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 38 14 19 0 5 25 0 69 6 20
2024 Non-shift worker 8 18 20 4 5 41 4 48 16 505
2022 Shift worker 3 24 30 0 3 30 9 45 5 25
2022 Non-shift worker 14 18 19 3 3 38 5 58 10 565

Question 72. Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination: I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 8 27 21 34 0 9 9 60 10
2020 Non-shift worker 5 0 39 5 32 12 6 6 46 15

Ethical workplace

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 34 56 0 0 5 0 5 94 6 20
2024 Non-shift worker 27 26 14 10 8 6 8 62 21 505
2022 Shift worker 18 34 12 7 4 10 16 70 15 25
2022 Non-shift worker 27 28 16 5 5 11 9 68 12 565
2020 Non-shift worker 29 35 14 7 3 6 5 73 12 565
2019 Non-shift worker 33 32 14 6 5 6 4 72 12 660

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 40 37 13 5 5 0 0 77 10 20
2024 Non-shift worker 39 40 11 4 5 1 0 80 9 505
2022 Shift worker 31 27 24 8 4 6 0 62 13 25
2022 Non-shift worker 40 34 10 8 4 3 1 77 13 570
2020 Non-shift worker 48 35 8 4 3 1 1 85 7 565
2019 Non-shift worker 40 35 9 8 4 3 1 78 12 660

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 39 45 5 11 0 0 0 84 11 20
2024 Non-shift worker 35 43 12 4 5 1 0 79 9 505
2022 Shift worker 34 39 24 3 0 0 0 73 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 38 35 16 5 3 2 0 75 8 570
2020 Non-shift worker 46 37 11 4 1 1 0 84 5 560
2019 Non-shift worker 38 40 15 3 2 1 0 79 6 660

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 39 18 19 11 5 0 9 63 17 20
2024 Non-shift worker 18 25 17 11 13 12 4 51 29 505
2022 Shift worker 20 41 14 4 7 9 5 71 13 25
2022 Non-shift worker 23 25 15 9 9 14 5 59 23 570
2020 Non-shift worker 28 23 18 12 6 9 4 58 21 565
2019 Non-shift worker 21 24 20 12 8 12 4 53 23 660

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 38 62 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2024 Non-shift worker 31 46 6 11 6 0 0 78 17 505
2022 Shift worker 41 50 0 10 0 0 0 90 10 25
2022 Non-shift worker 38 47 3 8 4 0 0 85 12 565
2020 Non-shift worker 30 46 6 14 4 0 0 76 18 560

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 58 23 4 11 4 0 0 81 15 20
2024 Non-shift worker 35 32 11 11 10 0 1 68 21 500
2022 Shift worker 39 40 11 5 0 0 5 83 5 25
2022 Non-shift worker 47 35 7 7 3 0 0 83 10 565
2020 Non-shift worker 32 41 10 12 4 0 1 73 17 565
2019 Non-shift worker 51 33 5 7 4 0 0 84 11 660

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 41 26 14 19 0 0 0 67 19 20
2024 Non-shift worker 40 38 11 6 5 0 0 77 12 505
2022 Shift worker 50 39 0 8 0 3 0 92 8 25
2022 Non-shift worker 53 35 5 4 2 0 1 89 7 565
2020 Non-shift worker 43 36 10 6 4 0 0 80 10 560
2019 Non-shift worker 56 33 6 3 1 0 0 89 4 660

Use of official languages

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 76 9 0 5 5 5 0 89 11 20
2024 Non-shift worker 69 21 4 4 2 0 1 90 6 505

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 45 17 9 5 24 0 0 62 29 20
2024 Non-shift worker 58 26 7 6 2 0 1 84 9 505

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 82 14 5 0 0 0 0 95 0 20
2024 Non-shift worker 84 11 2 1 1 0 1 96 2 505
2022 Shift worker 94 6 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 87 9 1 1 2 0 0 96 3 570
2019 Non-shift worker 87 9 1 1 0 0 0 97 2 655

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 24 36 40 0 0 0 0 60 0 20
2024 Non-shift worker 57 27 12 2 1 1 1 85 3 505
2022 Shift worker 62 38 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 66 24 7 1 1 1 0 91 2 570
2020 Non-shift worker 68 21 7 3 0 1 0 90 3 565
2019 Non-shift worker 66 24 6 2 0 2 0 92 2 660

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 505
2022 Non-shift worker 7 93 570
2020 Non-shift worker 10 90 565
2019 Non-shift worker 9 91 660

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 45 55 55
2022 Non-shift worker 30 70 45
2020 Non-shift worker 40 60 50
2019 Non-shift worker 45 55 60

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 63 37 55
2022 Non-shift worker 74 26 45
2020 Non-shift worker 65 35 50
2019 Non-shift worker 65 35 60

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 12 88 55
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 45
2020 Non-shift worker 11 89 50

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 55
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 45
2020 Non-shift worker 0 100 50
2019 Non-shift worker 0 100 60

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 7 93 45
2020 Non-shift worker 0 100 50

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 45

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 5 95 45

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 31 69 55
2022 Non-shift worker 54 46 45
2020 Non-shift worker 21 79 50
2019 Non-shift worker 32 68 60

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 38 62 55
2022 Non-shift worker 63 37 45
2020 Non-shift worker 38 62 50
2019 Non-shift worker 43 57 60

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 47 53 55
2022 Non-shift worker 57 43 45
2020 Non-shift worker 50 50 50
2019 Non-shift worker 46 54 60

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 34 66 55
2022 Non-shift worker 43 57 45
2020 Non-shift worker 44 56 50
2019 Non-shift worker 40 60 60

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 31 69 55
2022 Non-shift worker 28 72 45
2020 Non-shift worker 27 73 50
2019 Non-shift worker 27 73 60

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 61 39 55
2022 Non-shift worker 62 38 45
2020 Non-shift worker 62 38 50
2019 Non-shift worker 52 48 60

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 36 64 55
2022 Non-shift worker 43 57 45
2020 Non-shift worker 32 68 50
2019 Non-shift worker 28 72 60

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 5 95 45
2019 Non-shift worker 0 100 60

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 2 98 45
2020 Non-shift worker 0 100 50

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 13 87 55
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 45
2020 Non-shift worker 15 85 50
2019 Non-shift worker 11 89 60

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 58 42 55
2022 Non-shift worker 64 36 45
2020 Non-shift worker 40 60 50
2019 Non-shift worker 41 59 60

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 18 82 55
2022 Non-shift worker 30 70 45
2020 Non-shift worker 11 89 50
2019 Non-shift worker 17 83 60

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 18 82 55
2022 Non-shift worker 13 87 45
2020 Non-shift worker 11 89 50
2019 Non-shift worker 21 79 60

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 68 32 55
2022 Non-shift worker 50 50 45
2020 Non-shift worker 69 31 50
2019 Non-shift worker 40 60 60

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 27 73 55
2022 Non-shift worker 32 68 45
2020 Non-shift worker 32 68 50
2019 Non-shift worker 28 72 60

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 15 85 55
2022 Non-shift worker 10 90 45
2020 Non-shift worker 11 89 50
2019 Non-shift worker 16 84 60

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 13 87 55
2022 Non-shift worker 13 87 45
2019 Non-shift worker 11 89 60

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 12 88 55
2022 Non-shift worker 11 89 45
2020 Non-shift worker 10 90 50

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 7 93 45

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 10 90 45
2020 Non-shift worker 13 87 50
2019 Non-shift worker 23 77 60

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 12 88 55
2022 Non-shift worker 16 84 45
2020 Non-shift worker 13 87 50
2019 Non-shift worker 19 81 60

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 22 78 55
2022 Non-shift worker 23 77 45
2020 Non-shift worker 17 83 50
2019 Non-shift worker 22 78 60

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 40

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 9 91 55
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 40

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 11 89 40

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 7 93 40

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 55
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 40

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 55
2022 Non-shift worker 19 81 40

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 27 73 40

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 17 83 55
2022 Non-shift worker 18 82 40

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 13 87 55
2022 Non-shift worker 15 85 40

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 29 71 55
2022 Non-shift worker 29 71 40

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 6 94 40

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 48 52 55
2022 Non-shift worker 42 58 40

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 2 98 40

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 54 46 55
2022 Non-shift worker 27 73 40

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 13 87 55
2022 Non-shift worker 23 77 40

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 32 20 10 0 5 29 4 78 8 20
2024 Non-shift worker 11 10 11 7 6 41 13 47 29 505
2022 Shift worker 19 21 7 4 8 28 14 68 20 25
2022 Non-shift worker 13 12 9 3 3 43 17 64 15 565
2020 Non-shift worker 21 15 14 4 3 34 9 63 13 560
2019 Non-shift worker 18 14 15 6 4 34 9 55 18 660

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 44 18 18 11 0 9 0 68 12 20
2024 Non-shift worker 23 32 13 5 6 18 2 69 14 505
2022 Shift worker 28 42 12 7 4 8 0 75 12 25
2022 Non-shift worker 33 35 11 4 2 15 1 80 7 570
2020 Non-shift worker 42 32 13 4 2 7 0 80 6 560
2019 Non-shift worker 39 33 12 5 2 8 1 80 7 660

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 7 93 505
2022 Non-shift worker 7 93 570
2020 Non-shift worker 8 92 565
2019 Non-shift worker 8 92 660

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 26 74 40
2022 Non-shift worker 20 80 40
2020 Non-shift worker 35 65 40
2019 Non-shift worker 26 74 50

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 66 34 40
2022 Non-shift worker 84 16 40
2020 Non-shift worker 82 18 40
2019 Non-shift worker 77 23 50

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 40

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2020 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2019 Non-shift worker 0 100 50

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 15 85 40

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2022 Non-shift worker 11 89 40

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 24 76 40
2022 Non-shift worker 7 93 40
2019 Non-shift worker 8 92 50

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 27 73 40
2022 Non-shift worker 19 81 40
2020 Non-shift worker 31 69 40
2019 Non-shift worker 19 81 50

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 19 81 40
2022 Non-shift worker 16 84 40
2020 Non-shift worker 13 87 40
2019 Non-shift worker 19 81 50

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 21 79 40
2022 Non-shift worker 12 88 40
2020 Non-shift worker 17 83 40
2019 Non-shift worker 11 89 50

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 40

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 23 77 40
2022 Non-shift worker 19 81 40
2020 Non-shift worker 15 85 40
2019 Non-shift worker 20 80 50

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 24 76 40
2022 Non-shift worker 23 77 40
2020 Non-shift worker 18 82 40
2019 Non-shift worker 17 83 50

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2020 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2019 Non-shift worker 0 100 50

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 5 95 40
2020 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2019 Non-shift worker 0 100 50

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 2 98 40

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 21 79 40
2022 Non-shift worker 24 76 40
2020 Non-shift worker 13 87 40
2019 Non-shift worker 11 89 50

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 40
2020 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2019 Non-shift worker 0 100 50

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 35 65 40
2022 Non-shift worker 23 77 40
2020 Non-shift worker 16 84 40
2019 Non-shift worker 23 77 50

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2019 Non-shift worker 0 100 50

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 52 48 40
2022 Non-shift worker 41 59 40
2020 Non-shift worker 32 68 40
2019 Non-shift worker 23 77 50

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 14 86 40
2020 Non-shift worker 13 87 40
2019 Non-shift worker 12 88 50

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 15 85 40

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 19 81 40
2019 Non-shift worker 12 88 50

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 10 90 40
2019 Non-shift worker 0 100 50

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 7 93 40

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 40
2020 Non-shift worker 18 82 40

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 40
2022 Non-shift worker 17 83 40
2019 Non-shift worker 9 91 50

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 41 59 40
2022 Non-shift worker 41 59 40
2020 Non-shift worker 47 53 40
2019 Non-shift worker 47 53 50

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 40

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 12 88 40

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 40

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 0 100 40
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 40

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 40

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 16 84 40

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 16 84 40

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 18 82 40

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 15 85 40
2022 Non-shift worker 13 87 40

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 22 78 40
2022 Non-shift worker 24 76 40

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 16 84 40
2022 Non-shift worker 5 95 40

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 41 59 40
2022 Non-shift worker 34 66 40

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 40

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 53 47 40
2022 Non-shift worker 49 51 40

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 24 76 40
2022 Non-shift worker 20 80 40

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 44 9 15 0 0 27 5 78 0 20
2024 Non-shift worker 12 11 14 3 4 46 10 52 17 505
2022 Shift worker 19 20 15 0 7 29 9 63 12 25
2022 Non-shift worker 19 10 11 4 2 44 11 64 13 565
2020 Non-shift worker 21 15 14 3 3 36 8 66 10 560
2019 Non-shift worker 20 13 14 3 2 38 9 63 10 665

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 44 18 24 0 0 10 5 72 0 20
2024 Non-shift worker 26 32 13 4 4 19 2 73 10 505
2022 Shift worker 38 31 16 3 7 4 0 72 11 25
2022 Non-shift worker 37 34 10 3 2 13 1 82 7 565
2020 Non-shift worker 43 32 12 3 2 8 1 82 5 565
2019 Non-shift worker 42 31 13 2 2 9 1 81 5 665

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 38 62 20
2024 Non-shift worker 28 72 505
2022 Shift worker 20 80 25
2022 Non-shift worker 23 77 565
2020 Non-shift worker 20 80 560
2019 Non-shift worker 19 81 660

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 68 32 145
2022 Non-shift worker 60 40 130
2020 Non-shift worker 59 41 115

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 79 21 145
2022 Non-shift worker 73 27 130
2020 Non-shift worker 85 15 115
2019 Non-shift worker 90 10 130

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 34 49 7 6 4 1 0 83 10 115
2022 Non-shift worker 51 32 5 7 2 1 1 85 9 100
2020 Non-shift worker 52 30 15 4 0 0 0 82 4 100
2019 Non-shift worker 51 34 3 7 6 0 0 85 12 115

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 59 20 10 0 5 0 5 84 6 20
2024 Non-shift worker 48 29 6 9 4 2 2 81 13 505
2022 Shift worker 48 32 13 7 0 0 0 80 7 25
2022 Non-shift worker 57 27 4 5 2 2 3 89 7 565
2020 Non-shift worker 56 29 6 5 2 1 1 87 7 565
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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 66 14 0 10 10 0 0 80 20 20
2024 Non-shift worker 52 30 6 5 4 1 1 85 10 505
2022 Shift worker 55 42 0 0 0 3 0 100 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 58 28 5 4 3 1 1 87 7 570
2020 Non-shift worker 56 25 7 6 4 1 1 82 10 565

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 8 5 17 13 32 16 8 60 18 20
2024 Non-shift worker 3 4 8 7 39 7 31 75 11 505
2022 Shift worker 0 7 11 4 47 4 27 74 10 25
2022 Non-shift worker 3 4 8 6 43 5 31 75 12 565

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 26 36 9 10 5 14 0 72 18 20
2024 Non-shift worker 19 42 17 11 7 3 1 63 19 505
2022 Shift worker 24 42 23 3 4 3 0 68 8 25
2022 Non-shift worker 30 40 12 8 6 4 0 73 14 570
2020 Non-shift worker 49 38 7 3 1 0 0 88 4 565
2019 Non-shift worker 41 44 8 4 1 2 0 87 5 665

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?

Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)
Very good
(%)
Good
(%)
Fair
(%)
Poor
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 4 19 55 17 5 20
2024 Non-shift worker 10 20 39 23 8 505
2022 Shift worker 11 33 33 23 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 9 29 38 19 5 570

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 57 19 9 5 10 0 0 76 15 20
2024 Non-shift worker 53 28 9 3 5 2 1 83 7 505
2022 Shift worker 57 32 7 4 0 0 0 89 4 25
2022 Non-shift worker 59 24 8 3 3 2 1 86 6 570
2020 Non-shift worker 54 29 9 5 2 1 1 84 7 565

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 62 9 0 20 10 0 0 70 30 20
2024 Non-shift worker 46 29 7 9 6 1 1 77 15 505
2022 Shift worker 44 32 9 9 0 3 3 81 10 25
2022 Non-shift worker 49 27 8 8 6 2 1 78 15 565
2020 Non-shift worker 46 30 7 9 6 1 1 77 16 565

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 26 31 12 20 5 5 0 60 26 20
2024 Non-shift worker 21 35 14 18 12 1 0 56 29 505
2022 Shift worker 33 49 10 4 4 0 0 82 8 25
2022 Non-shift worker 33 40 10 9 6 1 0 74 15 570
2020 Non-shift worker 40 34 14 9 3 1 0 74 12 565
2019 Non-shift worker 33 42 13 7 3 2 0 77 10 660

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 16 53 10 14 6 1 0 70 20 150
2022 Non-shift worker 16 54 12 13 4 1 0 71 17 170
2020 Non-shift worker 23 48 14 9 3 0 3 73 12 165
2019 Non-shift worker 22 49 14 9 1 2 2 75 11 175

Work-related stress

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 54 31 9 0 5 0 0 54 46 20
2024 Non-shift worker 35 26 15 7 12 0 4 37 63 500
2022 Shift worker 19 34 24 10 10 0 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 31 27 19 8 12 1 2 560
2020 Non-shift worker 30 30 20 10 8 1 1 560
2019 Non-shift worker 23 26 24 11 15 0 1 660

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 26 37 24 13 0 0 0 26 74 20
2024 Non-shift worker 20 27 21 13 17 0 2 21 79 505
2022 Shift worker 32 24 30 6 9 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 19 27 24 15 14 0 1 565
2020 Non-shift worker 22 30 21 15 11 0 0 565
2019 Non-shift worker 29 28 23 12 7 0 0 660

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 29 38 28 5 0 0 0 29 71 20
2024 Non-shift worker 25 25 20 11 17 0 2 25 75 500
2022 Shift worker 27 39 27 5 3 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 27 30 22 12 8 0 1 565
2020 Non-shift worker 28 29 21 13 9 0 0 560
2019 Non-shift worker 35 32 19 8 5 0 0 655

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 21 18 27 14 21 0 0 21 79 20
2024 Non-shift worker 19 19 23 15 21 1 3 20 80 505
2022 Shift worker 17 34 24 5 17 0 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 23 19 22 17 17 1 1 565
2020 Non-shift worker 27 25 20 15 12 1 1 560
2019 Non-shift worker 32 27 19 13 7 1 1 655

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 66 9 5 5 0 4 10 77 23 20
2024 Non-shift worker 49 14 9 6 8 0 13 57 43 505
2022 Shift worker 53 22 17 3 2 0 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 51 20 10 7 7 0 4 565
2020 Non-shift worker 46 22 13 7 7 1 5 560
2019 Non-shift worker 59 20 8 5 3 0 5 655

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 35 5 22 13 20 0 5 37 63 20
2024 Non-shift worker 24 22 21 12 19 0 1 25 75 505
2022 Shift worker 34 18 23 14 12 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 35 27 18 10 10 0 0 565
2020 Non-shift worker 34 25 17 13 10 0 0 565
2019 Non-shift worker 43 24 17 9 6 1 1 660

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 35 28 9 14 14 0 0 35 65 20
2024 Non-shift worker 24 26 20 14 12 1 2 25 75 505
2022 Shift worker 30 19 34 9 4 0 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 37 29 17 7 8 1 1 560
2020 Non-shift worker 33 31 19 10 4 1 1 565
2019 Non-shift worker 31 37 21 7 3 0 1 660

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 46 19 18 11 0 0 5 49 51 20
2024 Non-shift worker 22 26 22 12 16 0 3 22 78 505
2022 Shift worker 13 42 28 17 0 0 0 25
2022 Non-shift worker 31 31 18 10 8 0 2 565
2020 Non-shift worker 26 29 20 15 8 0 1 565
2019 Non-shift worker 31 35 22 7 4 0 1 660

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 46 18 19 0 11 0 5 48 52 20
2024 Non-shift worker 29 27 16 13 13 0 2 29 71 505
2022 Shift worker 12 21 33 24 7 0 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 38 28 17 8 7 0 1 565
2020 Non-shift worker 32 29 17 15 6 0 1 560
2019 Non-shift worker 31 31 21 11 5 1 1 660

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 61 17 0 5 17 0 0 61 39 20
2024 Non-shift worker 43 20 13 10 12 1 2 44 56 505
2022 Shift worker 38 17 31 8 4 0 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 49 24 13 6 7 0 1 565
2020 Non-shift worker 47 28 13 7 4 0 0 560
2019 Non-shift worker 47 26 14 8 4 1 1 660

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 69 26 0 0 0 0 5 73 27 20
2024 Non-shift worker 50 26 9 5 5 1 4 53 47 505
2022 Shift worker 46 23 11 10 6 0 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 58 23 11 4 2 1 1 565
2020 Non-shift worker 32 26 24 11 6 1 0 560

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 61 19 20 0 0 0 0 61 39 20
2024 Non-shift worker 33 30 19 8 7 0 2 34 66 505
2022 Shift worker 35 19 39 2 2 0 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 39 28 16 10 6 0 1 565
2020 Non-shift worker 33 30 19 12 5 0 1 560
2019 Non-shift worker 39 33 16 7 5 1 1 655

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 52 9 9 10 16 0 5 55 45 20
2024 Non-shift worker 36 19 17 9 16 0 4 37 63 505
2022 Shift worker 36 29 13 2 13 0 7 25
2022 Non-shift worker 54 19 13 4 7 1 2 565
2020 Non-shift worker 46 26 14 7 4 1 2 560
2019 Non-shift worker 58 20 11 4 4 1 1 660

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 75 19 0 6 0 0 0 75 25 20
2024 Non-shift worker 49 29 10 5 4 0 2 51 49 505
2022 Shift worker 29 28 30 5 6 0 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 52 26 15 3 3 0 1 565
2020 Non-shift worker 24 33 24 10 9 0 1 560

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 76 14 0 0 0 0 10 84 16 20
2024 Non-shift worker 68 13 4 2 3 0 9 75 25 500

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 72 13 0 5 0 0 10 80 20 20
2024 Non-shift worker 57 16 6 5 7 1 8 63 37 505

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 83 6 6 0 6 0 0 83 17 20
2024 Non-shift worker 70 11 4 3 5 1 6 75 25 500
2022 Shift worker 65 12 14 0 0 3 6 25
2022 Non-shift worker 77 5 5 3 4 1 6 565
2020 Non-shift worker 77 9 4 3 2 1 4 560
2019 Non-shift worker 76 9 4 4 3 1 3 660

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 90 5 0 0 0 0 5 94 6 20
2024 Non-shift worker 60 21 7 3 4 0 5 63 37 505
2022 Shift worker 64 18 10 6 0 0 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 72 14 5 2 2 0 4 565
2020 Non-shift worker 67 19 9 3 1 0 2 560
2019 Non-shift worker 63 21 8 3 3 0 2 660

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 80 10 0 5 5 0 0 80 20 20
2024 Non-shift worker 60 15 8 5 8 0 4 62 38 500
2022 Shift worker 61 19 12 6 0 0 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 72 11 5 4 5 0 3 565
2020 Non-shift worker 68 15 6 5 4 0 2 560
2019 Non-shift worker 64 18 7 4 3 0 2 660

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 67 0 5 0 0 0 28 94 6 20
2024 Non-shift worker 55 9 7 3 2 0 25 74 26 500
2022 Shift worker 61 6 7 6 0 0 19 25
2022 Non-shift worker 63 9 5 1 1 0 20 565
2020 Non-shift worker 61 11 6 2 0 0 20 565
2019 Non-shift worker 58 11 4 2 1 0 24 655

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 90 5 0 0 0 0 5 94 6 20
2024 Non-shift worker 69 15 6 1 1 0 7 75 25 500
2022 Shift worker 65 10 9 3 4 0 8 25
2022 Non-shift worker 74 12 4 1 2 0 7 565
2020 Non-shift worker 75 15 4 1 1 0 4 565
2019 Non-shift worker 72 15 6 2 0 0 5 655

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 64 24 0 4 4 0 5 67 33 20
2024 Non-shift worker 62 18 8 2 6 1 4 65 35 505
2022 Shift worker 58 9 14 13 3 0 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 77 11 2 2 2 1 5 565
2020 Non-shift worker 72 14 7 3 1 1 2 560
2019 Non-shift worker 79 9 4 1 2 1 4 660

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 73 12 0 5 5 0 5 76 24 20
2024 Non-shift worker 45 26 12 7 6 0 4 47 53 500
2022 Shift worker 35 36 13 13 0 0 3 25
2022 Non-shift worker 50 24 14 6 3 0 2 565
2020 Non-shift worker 44 28 16 5 5 1 1 565
2019 Non-shift worker 52 25 15 4 2 0 1 660

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)
Low
(%)
Moderate
(%)
High
(%)
Very High
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 9 45 22 24 0 0 0 54 24 20
2024 Non-shift worker 10 30 32 17 12 0 0 39 29 505
2022 Shift worker 12 37 31 20 0 0 0 49 20 25
2022 Non-shift worker 9 34 36 14 7 1 0 43 21 570
2020 Non-shift worker 15 31 35 14 5 0 0 46 19 565
2019 Non-shift worker 21 35 32 10 2 0 0 56 12 665

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 12 28 29 14 16 0 0 30 41 20
2024 Non-shift worker 16 27 33 15 9 0 0 24 43 505
2022 Shift worker 0 9 59 19 14 0 0 32 9 25
2022 Non-shift worker 9 18 37 25 11 0 0 37 26 565
2020 Non-shift worker 11 18 34 24 12 0 0 37 29 560
2019 Non-shift worker 6 16 39 22 16 0 0 38 22 660
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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 24 76 20
2024 Non-shift worker 27 63 505
2022 Shift worker 16 71 25
2022 Non-shift worker 33 51 570
2020 Non-shift worker 33 50 565

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 35 65 140
2022 Non-shift worker 31 69 185
2020 Non-shift worker 36 64 195

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 42 19 0 5 5 5 23 59 41 20
2024 Non-shift worker 36 17 10 8 10 1 19 45 55 505
2022 Shift worker 41 16 16 9 0 0 18 25
2022 Non-shift worker 35 17 13 7 9 2 17 570
2020 Non-shift worker 35 19 17 12 7 1 9 560
2019 Non-shift worker 33 16 16 12 14 1 8 655

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 14 20 16 9 33 2 5 37 45 140
2022 Non-shift worker 9 22 19 17 27 2 5 33 46 185
2020 Non-shift worker 17 22 16 20 18 0 7 42 41 195

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 5 13 13 12 49 1 7 20 66 140
2022 Non-shift worker 4 14 12 23 40 3 3 20 67 185
2020 Non-shift worker 9 20 13 22 32 0 4 30 56 190
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