2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Global Affairs Canada by Question 113. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Employee engagement
- Employee engagement
Leadership
- Immediate supervisor
- Senior management
Workforce
Workplace
Workplace well-being
Compensation
- Pay or other compensation issues
- Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

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Employee engagement

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	50	34	10	5	2	84	6	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	32	43	12	8	5	75	13	3140
2024	First Nation	65	22	8	5	0	87	5	15
2024	Métis	35	44	14	3	3	79	7	25
2022	Indigenous	36	45	8	3	9	81	12	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	42	9	7	4	80	10	4125
2022	First Nation	46	44	0	2	7	90	10	35
2022	Métis	29	44	13	4	10	73	14	50
2020	Indigenous	35	43	9	7	5	78	13	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	41	11	8	3	78	11	4440
2020	First Nation	33	39	12	6	10	72	16	40
2020	Métis	38	45	7	9	2	82	11	55
2019	Indigenous	36	45	7	6	5	81	11	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	39	10	7	4	79	11	3750
2019	First Nation	28	61	6	0	4	90	4	30
2019	Métis	42	34	8	9	6	76	15	45

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	36	25	31	7	2	61	9	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	29	39	14	10	7	68	18	3140
2024	First Nation	47	10	28	10	5	57	15	15
2024	Métis	28	38	31	3	0	66	3	25
2022	Indigenous	35	35	10	14	7	70	21	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	39	12	9	6	73	15	4125
2022	First Nation	34	34	14	18	0	68	18	35
2022	Métis	34	34	8	12	12	68	24	50
2020	Indigenous	37	27	13	13	11	63	24	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	38	13	10	5	71	15	4430
2020	First Nation	32	17	19	15	18	49	33	40
2020	Métis	41	33	9	12	5	74	17	55
2019	Indigenous	33	32	15	9	12	65	21	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	39	13	10	6	70	17	3735
2019	First Nation	32	38	13	6	11	70	17	30
2019	Métis	34	28	15	9	14	62	23	45

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	60	28	10	2	0	88	2	45
2024	Non-Indigenous	44	39	10	4	2	83	6	3135
2024	First Nation	70	21	9	0	0	91	0	15
2024	Métis	43	41	16	0	0	84	0	25
2022	Indigenous	57	26	11	0	6	83	6	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	36	9	3	2	86	5	4120
2022	First Nation	61	30	9	0	0	91	0	35
2022	Métis	50	26	13	0	11	77	11	50
2020	Indigenous	53	32	7	5	2	85	8	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	36	9	3	1	86	5	4405
2020	First Nation	55	22	12	6	5	77	11	40
2020	Métis	53	38	4	5	0	91	5	55
2019	Indigenous	54	35	5	3	2	90	5	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	34	9	3	2	87	4	3720
2019	First Nation	41	52	8	0	0	92	0	30
2019	Métis	64	23	4	5	4	87	9	45

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	53	33	11	2	2	0	0	86	3	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	36	41	13	6	4	0	0	77	10	3145
2024	First Nation	67	19	10	5	0	0	0	85	5	15
2024	Métis	39	46	15	0	0	0	0	85	0	25
2022	Indigenous	46	40	3	6	4	0	0	86	10	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	40	10	6	3	0	0	81	8	4125
2022	First Nation	48	45	3	3	0	0	0	94	3	35
2022	Métis	41	39	4	8	7	0	0	81	16	50
2020	Indigenous	45	30	12	5	6	1	0	76	12	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	39	11	6	2	0	0	82	8	4440
2020	First Nation	45	22	17	5	10	0	0	67	16	40
2020	Métis	45	35	9	6	4	2	0	82	9	50
2019	Indigenous	40	47	6	3	4	0	1	88	7	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	39	10	5	2	0	0	83	7	3750
2019	First Nation	38	56	2	0	4	0	0	94	4	30
2019	Métis	45	38	7	5	4	0	2	84	9	45

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	22	23	19	21	15	0	45	36	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	19	34	20	16	11	0	53	27	3145
2024	First Nation	17	16	13	36	18	0	32	54	15
2024	Métis	27	32	23	11	7	0	59	18	25
2022	Indigenous	26	34	20	11	8	0	61	20	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	31	19	14	9	1	58	24	4130
2022	First Nation	25	33	18	16	7	0	58	24	35
2022	Métis	28	36	20	7	9	0	64	16	50
2020	Indigenous	32	33	17	11	7	0	65	18	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	33	19	12	6	0	63	18	4410
2020	First Nation	31	33	19	7	10	0	63	17	40
2020	Métis	34	33	15	13	5	0	67	18	55
2019	Indigenous	21	41	20	9	7	1	63	17	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	34	18	12	6	1	64	18	3745
2019	First Nation	12	45	33	3	3	3	59	7	30
2019	Métis	29	38	11	14	8	0	67	23	45

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	30	20	19	17	14	50	31	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	20	36	19	16	10	56	26	3145
2024	First Nation	25	15	8	35	18	39	53	15
2024	Métis	31	28	27	11	3	59	14	25
2022	Indigenous	28	32	22	11	7	60	18	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	35	17	15	8	60	23	4125
2022	First Nation	30	31	19	12	8	61	21	35
2022	Métis	28	32	24	9	7	60	16	50
2020	Indigenous	37	30	14	11	7	67	19	90
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	36	17	12	6	65	18	4405
2020	First Nation	38	31	15	5	11	69	15	40
2020	Métis	37	30	14	14	5	67	20	55
2019	Indigenous	22	39	24	10	5	60	15	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	36	18	12	6	64	17	3725
2019	First Nation	15	43	35	3	3	58	7	30
2019	Métis	28	35	17	14	6	63	20	45

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	33	22	15	13	10	6	2	59	25	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	32	30	15	11	7	4	1	66	19	3145
2024	First Nation	22	31	16	9	10	12	0	60	22	15
2024	Métis	47	15	16	15	7	0	0	62	23	25
2022	Indigenous	32	33	15	13	3	4	1	67	17	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	28	15	10	8	4	1	66	19	4130
2022	First Nation	28	36	12	18	0	4	3	68	19	35
2022	Métis	35	31	15	11	6	2	0	67	17	50
2020	Indigenous	46	20	17	6	9	1	1	68	15	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	29	15	9	5	2	1	69	15	4425
2020	First Nation	43	17	17	5	13	2	2	63	19	40
2020	Métis	49	23	15	7	6	0	0	72	13	55
2019	Indigenous	32	29	21	8	9	1	0	62	18	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	30	15	9	5	2	1	70	15	3755
2019	First Nation	31	36	15	11	4	3	0	69	15	30
2019	Métis	36	24	22	7	12	0	0	60	19	45

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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	58	30	7	0	4	2	0	89	4	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	52	30	9	3	2	1	3	85	6	3140
2024	First Nation	68	28	5	0	0	0	0	95	0	15
2024	Métis	53	36	11	0	0	0	0	89	0	25
2022	Indigenous	45	32	13	3	6	0	1	78	9	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	31	10	3	2	1	3	84	5	4120
2022	First Nation	57	30	9	4	0	0	0	87	4	35
2022	Métis	40	34	12	3	10	0	2	75	13	50
2020	Indigenous	60	17	13	4	2	0	4	80	7	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	29	9	3	2	1	2	85	5	4435
2020	First Nation	52	15	20	5	5	0	2	68	11	40
2020	Métis	66	18	7	4	0	0	5	88	4	55
2019	Indigenous	41	24	21	8	3	0	3	67	11	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	28	11	4	2	1	2	82	6	3740
2019	First Nation	46	19	24	3	0	0	7	71	3	30
2019	Métis	40	27	19	9	5	0	0	66	14	45

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	43	30	14	1	9	0	2	75	11	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	45	33	9	8	5	0	0	78	13	3130
2024	First Nation	45	37	4	4	10	0	0	81	14	15
2024	Métis	44	23	22	0	11	0	0	66	11	25
2022	Indigenous	47	23	11	8	8	1	2	72	17	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	33	9	7	4	1	1	80	11	4125
2022	First Nation	57	23	9	11	0	0	0	80	11	35
2022	Métis	43	22	11	5	13	2	4	69	19	50
2020	Indigenous	51	27	12	3	5	0	1	79	9	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	31	10	7	4	0	0	79	11	4440
2020	First Nation	45	27	13	2	11	0	2	74	14	40
2020	Métis	57	25	12	4	2	0	0	82	6	55
2019	Indigenous	35	33	18	6	9	0	0	67	14	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	32	10	9	5	1	1	76	14	3735
2019	First Nation	31	45	11	6	7	0	0	76	13	30
2019	Métis	36	27	21	6	10	0	0	63	16	45

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	62	17	12	4	5	0	0	79	8	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	46	31	10	7	6	0	0	77	13	3140
2024	First Nation	73	9	10	0	9	0	0	81	9	15
2024	Métis	51	26	19	4	0	0	0	77	4	25
2022	Indigenous	55	18	9	14	2	0	1	74	17	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	29	9	7	5	0	0	78	12	4130
2022	First Nation	65	18	9	8	0	0	0	84	8	35
2022	Métis	53	16	10	15	4	0	2	71	19	50
2020	Indigenous	58	15	9	10	5	0	3	75	15	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	28	9	7	4	0	0	80	11	4440
2020	First Nation	52	15	10	13	8	0	2	69	21	40
2020	Métis	63	15	9	6	3	0	3	81	10	55
2019	Indigenous	40	28	15	8	9	1	0	68	16	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	29	10	8	6	0	0	76	14	3750
2019	First Nation	31	40	9	11	10	0	0	70	20	30
2019	Métis	47	18	18	6	9	2	0	66	15	45

Senior management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	15	32	16	8	11	18	58	23	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	22	33	18	11	8	8	60	21	3145
2024	First Nation	25	26	20	4	12	12	58	19	15
2024	Métis	14	44	11	8	7	15	68	18	25
2022	Indigenous	29	31	18	12	8	2	62	20	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	33	15	11	6	6	65	19	4120
2022	First Nation	28	32	20	17	3	0	60	20	35
2022	Métis	29	33	18	7	9	3	65	17	50
2020	Indigenous	35	25	16	7	7	9	66	16	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	34	14	8	4	7	72	13	4445
2020	First Nation	31	27	15	10	12	5	61	23	40
2020	Métis	39	22	18	5	4	12	70	10	55
2019	Indigenous	16	39	25	6	5	9	61	12	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	33	17	10	5	6	66	16	3745
2019	First Nation	16	33	21	9	3	18	59	16	30
2019	Métis	18	40	30	5	4	3	60	9	45

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	15	34	19	13	17	3	50	30	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	17	33	19	16	12	3	51	29	3145
2024	First Nation	21	16	8	14	33	8	39	52	15
2024	Métis	17	45	24	11	3	0	62	14	25
2022	Indigenous	26	34	14	15	10	1	60	26	85
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	32	18	15	10	2	57	25	4125
2022	First Nation	25	35	23	8	9	0	60	17	35
2022	Métis	27	33	9	22	8	2	61	30	50
2020	Indigenous	34	26	16	16	7	1	61	23	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	35	16	12	6	2	65	18	4420
2020	First Nation	40	23	10	15	10	3	64	26	40
2020	Métis	30	29	21	15	5	0	59	20	55
2019	Indigenous	18	44	19	11	6	1	63	18	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	34	18	13	7	2	60	21	3730
2019	First Nation	12	56	15	9	3	3	71	13	30
2019	Métis	23	33	24	13	7	0	56	20	45

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	17	17	17	17	17	15	41	40	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	11	28	23	18	15	5	41	35	3145
2024	First Nation	21	13	15	17	22	12	39	44	15
2024	Métis	22	20	20	23	7	8	45	33	25
2022	Indigenous	19	24	25	15	11	6	46	28	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	29	21	18	11	4	48	30	4125
2022	First Nation	23	30	29	10	9	0	52	19	35
2022	Métis	17	20	24	19	9	10	42	32	50
2020	Indigenous	25	28	15	20	9	3	55	30	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	33	19	16	8	3	54	26	4425
2020	First Nation	27	28	23	8	12	3	56	20	40
2020	Métis	24	30	10	28	5	3	55	35	55
2019	Indigenous	13	34	27	14	8	4	49	23	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	30	21	19	9	4	50	29	3735
2019	First Nation	9	30	28	19	6	7	43	27	30
2019	Métis	16	33	26	12	10	3	51	22	45

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	13	25	18	23	11	10	42	38	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	12	31	21	18	15	2	44	34	3145
2024	First Nation	17	9	13	38	15	8	28	58	15
2024	Métis	15	32	22	21	3	8	50	26	25
2022	Indigenous	22	31	21	18	8	1	53	26	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	32	19	19	12	2	50	31	4125
2022	First Nation	26	35	21	13	6	0	61	19	35
2022	Métis	20	28	22	22	6	2	49	28	50
2020	Indigenous	27	26	15	21	10	1	53	32	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	35	18	17	8	2	56	25	4435
2020	First Nation	29	27	17	10	15	2	57	25	40
2020	Métis	26	25	14	30	5	0	51	35	55
2019	Indigenous	21	26	16	19	13	6	50	34	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	32	21	19	12	2	47	32	3740
2019	First Nation	9	23	21	29	3	15	38	38	30
2019	Métis	25	31	13	15	16	0	56	31	45

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Workforce

Performance management

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	30	36	12	15	5	2	67	21	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	27	37	15	12	8	0	65	20	3145
2024	First Nation	41	40	0	19	0	0	81	19	15
2024	Métis	28	39	12	11	7	4	69	18	25
2022	Indigenous	30	37	14	8	11	0	67	19	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	37	15	11	7	0	68	18	4125
2022	First Nation	35	36	16	3	10	0	71	13	35
2022	Métis	28	39	9	12	12	0	66	24	50
2020	Indigenous	33	33	11	12	11	0	66	23	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	39	13	11	6	0	70	17	4435
2020	First Nation	19	28	19	18	15	0	48	33	40
2020	Métis	44	37	5	8	7	0	81	15	55
2019	Indigenous	27	37	10	17	9	0	64	26	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	39	13	12	7	0	67	19	3745
2019	First Nation	19	48	9	17	7	0	67	24	30
2019	Métis	34	25	12	18	12	0	59	30	45

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	39	52	3	3	3	0	90	6	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	28	45	11	10	5	0	73	15	3145
2024	First Nation	38	57	0	0	4	0	96	4	15
2024	Métis	38	48	3	7	3	0	86	10	25
2022	Indigenous	35	41	7	6	10	1	77	16	85
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	46	9	10	4	0	77	14	4120
2022	First Nation	40	40	9	5	6	0	80	11	35
2022	Métis	31	43	4	7	13	2	76	20	50
2020	Indigenous	29	44	12	10	5	0	73	15	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	44	12	11	4	0	73	15	4410
2020	First Nation	29	43	10	11	7	0	72	18	40
2020	Métis	29	44	14	9	4	0	73	13	55
2019	Indigenous	21	45	14	17	2	0	66	20	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	43	12	12	5	0	71	16	3725
2019	First Nation	24	38	20	18	0	0	62	18	30
2019	Métis	21	49	11	16	2	0	70	18	45

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	35	34	13	2	13	2	2	71	15	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	39	35	11	9	6	0	0	74	15	3140
2024	First Nation	46	35	4	0	14	0	0	81	14	15
2024	Métis	28	38	21	4	4	0	4	69	8	25
2022	Indigenous	45	29	9	8	7	1	1	76	15	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	34	12	9	5	0	0	73	14	4125
2022	First Nation	60	20	14	6	0	0	0	80	6	35
2022	Métis	37	36	6	6	12	2	2	75	18	50
2020	Indigenous	50	22	16	6	5	0	1	73	11	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	32	11	9	5	0	1	75	14	4430
2020	First Nation	42	17	22	5	11	0	2	61	16	40
2020	Métis	57	26	10	8	0	0	0	83	8	55
2019	Indigenous	35	26	11	19	10	0	0	60	28	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	32	12	10	6	1	1	72	16	3755
2019	First Nation	35	25	10	23	7	0	0	59	31	30
2019	Métis	38	21	13	15	12	0	0	59	27	45

Job fit and development

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	29	36	12	14	9	0	66	23	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	21	43	15	14	6	0	64	21	3140
2024	First Nation	36	26	12	15	11	0	62	26	15
2024	Métis	27	42	16	15	0	0	69	15	25
2022	Indigenous	25	38	15	12	9	1	63	22	85
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	41	13	14	6	0	68	20	4115
2022	First Nation	21	41	11	14	12	0	62	26	35
2022	Métis	28	37	17	12	5	1	65	18	50
2020	Indigenous	29	34	14	13	10	0	63	23	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	40	13	14	4	1	68	18	4425
2020	First Nation	23	34	17	12	13	0	57	25	40
2020	Métis	34	33	11	14	8	0	67	22	55
2019	Indigenous	19	39	14	20	8	0	58	28	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	41	14	14	5	0	68	19	3740
2019	First Nation	19	41	17	17	7	0	59	24	30
2019	Métis	22	34	13	22	9	0	56	31	45

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	44	25	12	1	10	5	2	74	13	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	47	28	11	6	6	2	1	76	12	3140
2024	First Nation	59	22	0	4	14	0	0	81	19	15
2024	Métis	37	30	22	0	7	0	4	69	8	25
2022	Indigenous	49	21	9	9	8	2	2	74	17	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	27	11	6	5	2	1	77	11	4125
2022	First Nation	54	22	5	13	0	3	3	81	13	35
2022	Métis	49	20	9	7	14	0	2	70	21	50
2020	Indigenous	52	20	15	3	7	1	2	75	10	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	25	12	6	5	2	1	76	12	4420
2020	First Nation	47	15	17	7	11	0	2	63	19	40
2020	Métis	57	23	13	0	4	2	2	83	4	55

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	18	26	14	19	21	3	45	41	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	11	27	19	21	20	2	38	42	3145
2024	First Nation	18	15	11	28	20	8	36	52	15
2024	Métis	16	31	18	12	22	0	47	34	25
2022	Indigenous	20	25	11	25	16	3	46	43	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	27	17	20	20	2	43	40	4130
2022	First Nation	15	29	12	29	13	3	45	43	35
2022	Métis	23	23	10	23	17	3	47	42	50
2020	Indigenous	24	23	13	17	22	2	48	39	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	25	18	20	19	2	41	40	4430
2020	First Nation	20	18	13	17	30	2	39	48	40
2020	Métis	27	27	13	17	15	1	55	32	55
2019	Indigenous	16	23	12	17	28	4	41	47	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	26	17	21	20	2	41	42	3740
2019	First Nation	6	25	20	16	23	11	34	44	30
2019	Métis	22	22	5	18	33	0	44	51	45

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	45	21	11	9	12	0	2	46	54	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	33	26	17	9	8	1	5	35	65	3145
2024	First Nation	28	29	11	17	15	0	0	28	72	15
2024	Métis	48	23	11	3	11	0	4	50	50	25
2022	Indigenous	37	18	19	7	9	1	9			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	25	17	8	6	1	6			4130
2022	First Nation	30	17	30	6	5	2	9			35
2022	Métis	43	18	12	8	10	0	9			50
2020	Indigenous	47	24	8	7	8	0	6			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	25	17	8	6	1	3			4440
2020	First Nation	56	15	5	5	10	0	10			40
2020	Métis	41	31	11	7	7	0	3			55
2019	Indigenous	37	25	19	5	7	1	6			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	25	15	6	4	1	4			3750
2019	First Nation	33	30	18	6	6	0	8			30
2019	Métis	41	22	20	4	8	0	6			45

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	59	9	2	2	6	0	23	76	24	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	50	11	9	6	7	1	16	61	39	3140
2024	First Nation	57	10	0	0	11	0	22	73	27	15
2024	Métis	69	8	4	4	4	0	11	77	23	25

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	41	18	11	3	6	13	8	53	47	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	60	12	7	3	4	6	8	69	31	3145
2024	First Nation	41	16	15	5	7	12	5	49	51	15
2024	Métis	51	22	11	0	4	12	0	58	42	25
2022	Indigenous	50	15	10	8	4	5	8			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	64	12	6	3	3	5	7			4130
2022	First Nation	58	12	6	7	6	5	7			35
2022	Métis	48	17	12	5	4	5	9			50
2020	Indigenous	62	10	11	2	4	4	6			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	66	12	7	4	3	4	4			4430
2020	First Nation	58	9	8	2	8	5	10			40
2020	Métis	66	9	14	2	2	4	3			55
2019	Indigenous	61	16	8	2	5	2	6			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	70	10	6	2	3	4	5			3730
2019	First Nation	53	15	6	3	7	4	11			30
2019	Métis	64	18	10	2	2	0	3			45

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	64	9	6	0	2	3	17	80	20	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	66	7	3	1	2	2	19	84	16	3140
2024	First Nation	53	4	10	0	5	8	20	73	27	15
2024	Métis	73	8	4	0	0	0	15	86	14	25

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	50	16	7	3	3	6	15	64	36	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	59	11	7	3	3	2	16	72	28	3140
2024	First Nation	41	8	19	0	5	8	20	56	44	15
2024	Métis	70	8	0	3	3	4	11	83	17	25

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	20	21	13	20	22	5	0	43	44	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	29	13	19	23	2	2	44	43	3140
2024	First Nation	12	15	16	42	8	8	0	29	54	15
2024	Métis	22	33	11	11	18	4	0	58	30	25
2022	Indigenous	23	28	12	18	18	0	1	52	36	85
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	28	12	19	21	2	2	46	42	4130
2022	First Nation	25	29	9	21	16	0	0	54	37	35
2022	Métis	23	27	15	16	18	0	2	51	34	50
2020	Indigenous	24	15	12	24	22	0	2	40	47	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	23	15	20	24	2	2	39	46	4435
2020	First Nation	17	18	12	22	28	0	2	36	51	40
2020	Métis	30	13	13	26	16	0	2	44	44	55
2019	Indigenous	18	19	6	24	27	4	1	40	54	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	25	14	19	25	2	1	40	45	3755
2019	First Nation	8	28	6	25	29	3	0	37	57	30
2019	Métis	25	12	6	22	28	5	2	40	53	45

Empowerment

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	26	41	20	11	2	67	13	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	27	41	13	12	7	69	18	3140
2024	First Nation	25	38	12	20	6	63	25	15
2024	Métis	23	38	30	8	0	62	8	25
2022	Indigenous	28	50	9	5	8	78	13	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	42	11	10	5	74	15	4120
2022	First Nation	42	42	16	0	0	84	0	35
2022	Métis	19	56	5	7	14	74	20	50
2020	Indigenous	36	40	7	10	7	76	17	90
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	41	12	9	4	76	13	4415
2020	First Nation	35	27	13	18	8	62	25	40
2020	Métis	37	48	4	4	6	86	11	50
2019	Indigenous	24	36	26	10	4	60	14	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	40	13	11	5	71	16	3725
2019	First Nation	18	40	29	9	4	58	13	30
2019	Métis	28	36	20	11	5	64	16	45

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	43	30	17	7	3	0	73	10	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	32	39	15	9	5	0	71	14	3140
2024	First Nation	55	19	11	10	5	0	74	15	15
2024	Métis	38	35	20	8	0	0	73	8	25
2022	Indigenous	41	33	13	3	11	0	73	14	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	37	14	8	5	0	73	13	4125
2022	First Nation	43	38	10	3	7	0	81	10	35
2022	Métis	40	29	13	4	14	0	69	18	50
2020	Indigenous	42	30	12	10	7	0	71	17	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	37	14	8	4	0	74	13	4425
2020	First Nation	39	23	12	15	10	0	62	25	40
2020	Métis	44	33	11	6	5	0	77	11	55
2019	Indigenous	25	37	20	11	6	1	63	17	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	36	15	9	5	0	71	14	3740
2019	First Nation	25	30	23	16	3	3	56	20	30
2019	Métis	27	39	17	9	8	0	66	17	45

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	37	38	11	8	4	0	2	77	12	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	29	41	15	10	5	0	1	70	15	3140
2024	First Nation	45	32	13	10	0	0	0	77	10	15
2024	Métis	37	43	7	4	4	0	5	84	9	25
2022	Indigenous	36	33	19	3	9	0	0	69	12	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	39	14	9	4	0	1	73	13	4125
2022	First Nation	46	25	23	6	0	0	0	71	6	35
2022	Métis	31	36	15	2	16	0	0	67	17	50
2020	Indigenous	40	30	12	9	7	0	1	71	16	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	43	13	9	4	0	0	74	13	4400
2020	First Nation	33	32	17	6	12	0	0	65	18	40
2020	Métis	46	30	9	12	4	0	0	76	15	50
2019	Indigenous	21	44	15	13	7	0	0	65	20	75
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	41	14	10	4	1	0	72	14	3705
2019	First Nation	15	55	23	3	4	0	0	70	7	30
2019	Métis	25	35	11	18	10	0	0	61	28	45

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	23	32	27	10	2	7	59	13	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	14	40	22	13	6	4	57	20	3140
2024	First Nation	27	30	26	9	0	8	61	10	15
2024	Métis	23	31	23	15	0	8	59	16	25
2022	Indigenous	26	27	30	9	7	1	54	16	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	41	20	13	5	3	60	19	4130
2022	First Nation	23	24	36	8	6	3	49	14	35
2022	Métis	28	30	26	8	8	0	58	16	50
2020	Indigenous	19	48	15	11	7	0	67	18	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	44	20	10	3	3	64	14	4430
2020	First Nation	14	42	17	15	12	0	55	28	40
2020	Métis	23	52	14	8	4	0	75	11	55
2019	Indigenous	13	39	25	9	5	9	57	16	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	43	21	12	3	4	62	16	3745
2019	First Nation	11	33	24	10	7	15	52	20	30
2019	Métis	16	44	23	7	4	6	64	12	45

Work-life balance and workload

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	46	32	5	11	5	0	78	17	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	28	35	13	14	10	0	63	24	3140
2024	First Nation	46	31	4	14	6	0	77	19	15
2024	Métis	43	39	4	11	3	0	82	14	25
2022	Indigenous	36	29	14	12	9	0	64	21	85
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	36	11	12	8	0	69	20	4125
2022	First Nation	35	33	16	2	13	0	68	16	35
2022	Métis	37	26	12	17	7	0	64	24	50
2020	Indigenous	38	29	15	13	6	0	67	19	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	34	12	12	7	0	69	19	4435
2020	First Nation	33	30	12	15	10	0	63	25	40
2020	Métis	42	28	17	9	4	0	70	13	55
2019	Indigenous	31	41	11	8	7	1	73	15	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	33	12	12	6	0	70	18	3750
2019	First Nation	31	50	9	3	3	3	84	7	30
2019	Métis	35	34	11	10	10	0	68	20	45

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	23	31	23	8	15	54	23	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	26	33	18	12	10	60	22	3145
2024	First Nation	25	27	19	13	16	52	29	15
2024	Métis	15	43	31	8	3	58	11	25
2022	Indigenous	25	43	13	13	6	68	19	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	31	19	12	12	58	24	4130
2022	First Nation	27	45	16	9	3	72	12	35
2022	Métis	25	43	12	13	8	67	21	50
2020	Indigenous	27	37	15	6	14	64	20	90
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	30	20	14	11	55	25	4395
2020	First Nation	22	38	15	8	18	60	25	40
2020	Métis	30	38	16	5	10	68	15	50
2019	Indigenous	19	36	26	14	6	54	20	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	31	19	12	10	59	22	3735
2019	First Nation	14	43	32	11	0	57	11	30
2019	Métis	21	28	24	16	11	49	27	45

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	56	25	10	0	2	4	3	87	2	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	51	30	7	4	4	2	2	84	8	3140
2024	First Nation	59	31	5	0	5	0	0	91	5	15
2024	Métis	54	23	11	0	0	8	4	87	0	25
2022	Indigenous	56	19	9	11	1	1	2	78	13	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	27	7	4	3	2	2	86	7	4130
2022	First Nation	62	16	3	12	4	0	3	80	17	35
2022	Métis	56	19	11	11	0	2	2	77	12	50

Mobility and retention

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	58	25	17	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	46	30	24	3145
2024	First Nation	59	41	0	15
2024	Métis	51	15	34	25
2022	Indigenous	49	24	27	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	28	26	4125
2022	First Nation	51	38	11	35
2022	Métis	44	17	40	50
2020	Indigenous	34	25	41	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	33	30	4445
2020	First Nation	30	24	46	40
2020	Métis	38	26	36	55
2019	Indigenous	40	28	32	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	32	27	3755
2019	First Nation	47	34	18	30
2019	Métis	36	24	40	45

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	To retire (%)	To pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	To pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	To pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	End of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Other reason (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	10	45	22	14	7	2	25
2024	Non-Indigenous	11	57	16	7	4	5	1420
2024	First Nation	0	34	24	16	19	7	10
2024	Métis	7	65	8	20	0	0	10
2022	Indigenous	9	38	26	11	10	7	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	50	18	7	8	8	1875
2022	First Nation	11	45	28	11	6	0	20
2022	Métis	4	32	29	8	15	13	20
2020	Indigenous	8	62	15	3	3	9	35
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	55	19	4	6	5	1690
2020	First Nation	15	42	25	0	9	8	10
2020	Métis	4	73	9	5	0	9	20
2019	Indigenous	11	50	16	12	0	11	30
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	54	16	5	10	5	1555
2019	First Nation	7	60	7	21	0	5	15
2019	Métis	15	37	25	6	0	18	15

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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	46	43	6	3	2	89	5	45
2024	Non-Indigenous	40	43	8	6	3	83	9	3135
2024	First Nation	63	28	0	9	0	91	9	15
2024	Métis	32	52	12	0	3	84	3	25
2022	Indigenous	48	37	8	2	5	85	7	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	40	7	5	2	86	7	4120
2022	First Nation	48	42	6	0	3	90	3	35
2022	Métis	46	35	10	3	7	80	10	50
2020	Indigenous	50	32	9	5	4	82	9	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	40	8	4	2	85	6	4420
2020	First Nation	53	22	7	8	10	75	18	40
2020	Métis	48	38	10	4	0	86	4	55
2019	Indigenous	38	43	14	1	3	81	5	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	41	8	5	2	85	7	3730
2019	First Nation	34	51	14	0	0	86	0	30
2019	Métis	42	41	13	0	4	83	4	45

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	26	52	11	12	0	0	77	12	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	19	46	17	13	5	1	65	18	3140
2024	First Nation	35	43	12	10	0	0	78	10	15
2024	Métis	22	55	15	8	0	0	77	8	25
2022	Indigenous	28	35	18	10	7	1	64	18	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	44	18	13	5	1	63	18	4125
2022	First Nation	29	37	26	0	6	3	67	6	35
2022	Métis	27	37	14	14	8	0	64	22	50
2020	Indigenous	30	31	20	11	7	0	61	18	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	46	17	11	3	1	69	14	4435
2020	First Nation	41	19	27	5	8	0	60	13	40
2020	Métis	23	40	16	15	5	0	64	21	55
2019	Indigenous	17	46	20	9	4	5	66	13	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	47	17	12	3	1	67	16	3750
2019	First Nation	12	48	31	6	0	3	62	6	30
2019	Métis	22	42	14	12	4	6	68	17	45

Organizational performance

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	9	16	39	24	4	0	8	30	27	45
2024	Non-Indigenous	10	29	38	16	5	0	2	22	40	3135
2024	First Nation	6	5	52	25	0	0	12	28	13	15
2024	Métis	11	22	33	26	0	0	9	28	36	25
2022	Indigenous	8	21	45	18	6	0	2	24	30	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	25	37	18	8	1	2	26	36	4115
2022	First Nation	3	25	36	21	8	0	6	31	31	35
2022	Métis	11	19	49	17	5	0	0	21	30	50
2020	Indigenous	14	17	38	21	7	3	0	29	32	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	24	39	21	7	1	1	28	31	4440
2020	First Nation	17	15	37	20	5	6	0	27	34	40
2020	Métis	11	19	40	21	9	0	0	30	30	50
2019	Indigenous	9	29	38	14	8	1	0	22	39	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	25	39	20	7	1	1	27	34	3745
2019	First Nation	3	35	41	14	3	3	0	19	39	30
2019	Métis	14	24	35	15	12	0	0	27	38	45

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	22	29	20	8	7	6	8	17	59	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	18	30	31	12	5	1	3	18	50	3135
2024	First Nation	11	33	24	8	4	8	12	15	55	15
2024	Métis	27	20	25	11	3	7	8	17	54	25
2022	Indigenous	18	28	30	13	5	3	3	19	49	85
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	28	31	16	6	1	2	23	45	4115
2022	First Nation	17	32	26	11	2	3	9	15	56	35
2022	Métis	20	22	32	15	7	3	0	23	44	50
2020	Indigenous	20	23	30	16	10	1	0	26	43	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	25	32	18	7	1	1	25	42	4430
2020	First Nation	23	14	29	24	7	2	0	33	38	40
2020	Métis	18	27	32	11	11	0	0	22	46	55
2019	Indigenous	21	21	32	21	1	3	1	23	44	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	27	30	15	6	1	2	22	47	3730
2019	First Nation	10	30	35	14	0	8	3	16	45	30
2019	Métis	30	10	31	27	2	0	0	29	40	45

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	16	10	40	18	11	0	4	30	28	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	26	33	19	7	0	2	26	40	3135
2024	First Nation	15	19	31	23	0	0	12	26	39	15
2024	Métis	11	8	58	7	15	0	0	22	19	25
2022	Indigenous	11	24	32	19	13	0	1	33	35	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	25	32	19	10	0	2	29	39	4115
2022	First Nation	4	29	37	22	5	0	4	28	33	35
2022	Métis	16	19	29	17	19	0	0	36	35	50
2020	Indigenous	13	34	25	18	8	1	0	27	48	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	24	34	20	8	1	1	28	37	4420
2020	First Nation	20	37	20	15	6	2	0	22	58	40
2020	Métis	9	31	29	21	10	0	0	32	40	55
2019	Indigenous	11	25	37	20	6	0	1	26	36	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	25	34	19	8	1	1	27	38	3730
2019	First Nation	9	42	27	16	3	0	3	20	53	30
2019	Métis	13	11	43	24	9	0	0	33	24	45

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	18	21	38	3	11	0	8	16	43	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	23	27	28	12	6	1	3	19	52	3140
2024	First Nation	29	16	44	0	0	0	12	0	50	15
2024	Métis	11	28	30	7	16	0	8	26	42	25
2022	Indigenous	21	17	28	18	8	6	2	28	42	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	25	26	15	10	1	3	26	46	4110
2022	First Nation	13	24	31	20	3	3	6	25	41	35
2022	Métis	26	14	25	17	10	9	0	30	43	50
2020	Indigenous	21	23	31	12	12	1	0	24	45	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	24	29	19	9	1	2	29	41	4430
2020	First Nation	25	22	30	12	9	2	0	21	48	40
2020	Métis	19	24	31	12	14	0	0	26	43	55
2019	Indigenous	19	26	29	11	11	3	1	23	47	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	24	28	17	10	1	2	27	43	3745
2019	First Nation	19	37	26	7	0	8	3	8	63	30
2019	Métis	18	22	29	13	19	0	0	32	39	45

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	10	21	26	27	1	0	15	33	37	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	11	22	29	22	9	2	5	34	35	3135
2024	First Nation	0	33	28	21	0	0	19	25	40	15
2024	Métis	11	21	24	36	3	0	4	41	34	25
2022	Indigenous	12	21	30	22	9	2	3	33	36	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	23	28	19	10	2	4	30	40	4115
2022	First Nation	8	17	40	24	2	0	9	29	27	35
2022	Métis	16	26	23	19	12	4	0	32	44	50
2020	Indigenous	12	19	24	29	13	3	1	43	32	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	18	29	25	13	3	3	40	29	4420
2020	First Nation	12	20	17	34	11	2	3	48	34	40
2020	Métis	11	19	29	24	14	3	0	39	32	55
2019	Indigenous	24	22	27	11	9	3	5	21	49	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	23	29	20	8	2	2	29	41	3735
2019	First Nation	20	26	26	15	3	3	6	20	52	30
2019	Métis	24	16	30	9	13	2	5	24	43	45

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	17	27	28	13	3	3	8	19	50	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	18	29	32	13	5	1	2	18	49	3140
2024	First Nation	19	28	27	7	0	8	12	8	58	15
2024	Métis	11	27	35	20	7	0	0	27	38	25
2022	Indigenous	19	22	38	11	6	1	4	18	43	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	26	33	13	7	1	3	20	46	4115
2022	First Nation	20	26	39	3	2	3	7	6	51	35
2022	Métis	20	18	37	16	6	0	2	23	39	50
2020	Indigenous	24	20	36	7	10	3	0	18	45	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	24	32	17	7	1	1	25	42	4430
2020	First Nation	24	12	38	7	16	2	0	24	37	40
2020	Métis	22	27	35	8	6	3	0	14	50	50
2019	Indigenous	14	29	30	18	4	4	1	22	46	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	28	30	14	6	1	1	20	49	3735
2019	First Nation	16	29	22	18	3	8	3	24	51	30
2019	Métis	13	28	33	19	4	2	0	24	43	45

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	7	13	37	28	10	0	4	40	21	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	8	20	39	24	7	0	2	32	29	3135
2024	First Nation	0	13	32	40	4	0	12	49	14	15
2024	Métis	7	16	56	19	3	0	0	22	22	25
2022	Indigenous	5	22	41	23	8	0	1	31	28	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	21	38	20	9	0	2	31	31	4120
2022	First Nation	3	14	49	27	3	0	4	31	18	35
2022	Métis	7	29	34	20	10	0	0	30	36	50
2020	Indigenous	4	17	36	27	14	1	0	42	21	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	20	40	23	9	0	1	32	28	4440
2020	First Nation	5	17	34	28	14	2	0	43	22	40
2020	Métis	1	18	39	27	15	0	0	42	19	55
2019	Indigenous	12	24	42	16	2	3	1	19	37	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	21	35	22	9	1	1	31	33	3745
2019	First Nation	3	42	34	10	3	3	3	14	49	30
2019	Métis	19	13	44	19	2	2	0	22	33	45

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	13	26	18	25	18	0	39	43	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	7	27	22	25	18	1	34	44	3140
2024	First Nation	18	13	12	26	31	0	31	57	15
2024	Métis	14	33	23	27	3	0	47	30	25
2022	Indigenous	11	31	21	13	19	6	44	34	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	27	21	24	15	2	38	40	4125
2022	First Nation	7	37	22	16	16	3	45	32	35
2022	Métis	11	29	19	13	20	8	43	36	50
2020	Indigenous	19	27	16	25	10	2	47	37	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	33	22	21	9	2	48	30	4415
2020	First Nation	23	25	12	27	12	0	48	39	40
2020	Métis	17	28	17	25	9	4	47	35	55
2019	Indigenous	7	20	37	22	10	3	28	34	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	29	22	25	12	2	40	37	3730
2019	First Nation	0	15	47	31	3	3	15	36	30
2019	Métis	12	24	27	18	16	3	37	35	45

Diversity and inclusion

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	47	33	14	7	0	0	80	7	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	46	33	8	7	5	1	80	12	3140
2024	First Nation	66	20	0	14	0	0	86	14	15
2024	Métis	39	39	19	3	0	0	78	3	25
2022	Indigenous	49	24	18	7	2	0	73	9	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	29	8	8	4	1	81	12	4125
2022	First Nation	45	34	13	5	3	0	78	9	35
2022	Métis	53	19	18	8	2	0	72	10	50
2020	Indigenous	58	23	10	5	4	0	81	9	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	30	8	8	4	1	81	12	4425
2020	First Nation	46	27	12	6	10	0	72	16	40
2020	Métis	66	21	9	4	0	0	87	4	55
2019	Indigenous	36	35	7	13	9	0	71	22	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	31	8	9	6	1	77	15	3735
2019	First Nation	38	25	9	16	11	0	63	27	30
2019	Métis	35	43	4	9	8	0	78	18	45

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	58	23	12	5	2	81	7	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	52	34	5	6	3	86	8	3140
2024	First Nation	77	14	4	5	0	91	5	15
2024	Métis	47	30	16	4	3	77	7	25
2022	Indigenous	54	39	1	6	0	93	6	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	30	6	5	2	87	7	4125
2022	First Nation	54	41	0	5	0	95	5	35
2022	Métis	56	35	2	7	0	91	7	50
2020	Indigenous	62	24	10	1	2	86	3	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	56	31	5	5	2	88	7	4405
2020	First Nation	51	29	15	0	5	80	5	40
2020	Métis	70	21	7	2	0	91	2	55
2019	Indigenous	49	31	7	9	4	80	13	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	34	6	7	2	85	9	3730
2019	First Nation	49	22	9	17	3	71	20	30
2019	Métis	47	37	7	5	4	85	9	45

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	48	30	10	5	0	7	84	5	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	45	38	9	4	3	1	84	7	3140
2024	First Nation	63	15	6	9	0	8	85	9	15
2024	Métis	43	36	16	4	0	0	80	4	25
2022	Indigenous	39	45	8	1	6	0	85	7	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	35	9	4	2	1	85	6	4125
2022	First Nation	45	46	7	2	0	0	91	2	35
2022	Métis	35	45	10	0	11	0	79	11	50
2020	Indigenous	52	24	13	8	3	0	76	11	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	35	9	5	2	1	84	7	4400
2020	First Nation	39	26	12	16	8	0	65	23	40
2020	Métis	61	24	14	2	0	0	84	2	55
2019	Indigenous	32	46	10	8	4	0	78	12	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	37	9	5	2	1	84	7	3745
2019	First Nation	21	60	9	7	3	0	81	10	30
2019	Métis	42	34	9	9	5	0	76	14	45

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	20	41	8	22	6	3	63	29	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	19	39	18	14	8	2	59	23	3140
2024	First Nation	18	28	8	30	7	8	51	41	15
2024	Métis	29	40	12	16	3	0	69	19	25
2022	Indigenous	31	34	17	11	5	1	66	17	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	39	17	12	7	2	63	19	4125
2022	First Nation	33	21	24	14	5	3	55	20	35
2022	Métis	31	44	11	9	6	0	75	14	50
2020	Indigenous	33	35	12	10	7	2	70	18	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	40	15	12	4	1	69	16	4420
2020	First Nation	27	39	10	12	12	0	66	24	40
2020	Métis	38	31	15	9	4	3	72	13	55
2019	Indigenous	21	42	15	19	2	0	63	21	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	41	15	10	4	2	70	14	3730
2019	First Nation	13	37	24	23	3	0	50	26	30
2019	Métis	26	48	9	16	2	0	73	18	45

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	29	31	19	9	4	7	2	65	14	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	24	41	15	9	5	6	1	70	14	3140
2024	First Nation	21	25	20	20	7	8	0	49	29	15
2024	Métis	26	43	20	0	0	8	3	78	0	25
2022	Indigenous	34	28	13	15	3	6	0	66	19	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	41	14	9	4	6	1	71	14	4125
2022	First Nation	29	30	14	18	0	9	0	65	20	35
2022	Métis	37	29	12	15	3	4	0	69	19	50
2020	Indigenous	36	35	11	13	5	0	0	71	18	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	38	15	8	4	4	0	71	13	4425
2020	First Nation	25	41	15	10	10	0	0	66	20	40
2020	Métis	45	31	8	14	2	0	0	76	16	55
2019	Indigenous	33	42	10	8	5	1	0	76	13	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	41	13	6	3	3	0	78	9	3740
2019	First Nation	23	43	20	10	3	0	0	66	14	30
2019	Métis	39	41	5	6	7	2	0	82	14	45

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	34	33	16	15	2	67	17	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	27	42	13	11	7	70	18	3145
2024	First Nation	40	27	15	18	0	67	18	15
2024	Métis	34	36	15	11	3	70	15	25
2022	Indigenous	38	37	14	8	3	75	11	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	39	12	10	5	74	15	4130
2022	First Nation	35	39	19	8	0	73	8	35
2022	Métis	41	35	10	9	5	76	14	50
2020	Indigenous	45	29	12	8	6	74	14	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	37	11	9	4	77	12	4415
2020	First Nation	36	35	12	7	10	70	17	40
2020	Métis	52	24	11	9	4	76	12	55
2019	Indigenous	30	44	16	7	2	75	9	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	38	12	8	4	76	11	3745
2019	First Nation	18	57	17	4	3	75	7	30
2019	Métis	39	35	17	7	2	74	9	45

Anti-racism

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	39	24	13	5	8	7	4	70	15	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	34	29	12	7	6	7	6	72	15	3145
2024	First Nation	47	43	0	6	5	0	0	90	10	15
2024	Métis	42	14	28	7	0	8	0	61	8	25
2022	Indigenous	33	35	6	10	10	4	2	73	21	85
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	29	10	7	4	6	5	76	13	4125
2022	First Nation	41	35	6	13	3	2	0	77	16	35
2022	Métis	29	38	3	7	13	6	4	74	22	50

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	38	16	13	4	16	10	4	62	23	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	33	28	12	8	6	8	6	71	16	3145
2024	First Nation	45	15	4	0	28	8	0	65	31	15
2024	Métis	38	22	24	8	0	8	0	65	9	25
2022	Indigenous	37	27	6	13	11	5	2	69	25	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	29	11	6	4	7	5	75	12	4125
2022	First Nation	44	27	4	14	6	6	0	75	21	35
2022	Métis	34	30	5	10	13	4	4	69	26	50

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	17	29	35	2	3	10	3	53	7	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	21	28	29	6	3	12	1	56	11	3145
2024	First Nation	17	21	48	7	0	8	0	41	8	15
2024	Métis	11	39	26	0	0	16	7	66	0	25
2022	Indigenous	31	21	35	6	1	6	0	56	8	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	30	28	6	2	9	1	60	9	4125
2022	First Nation	30	15	42	6	0	7	0	48	7	35
2022	Métis	33	25	30	5	2	6	0	61	7	50
2020	Indigenous	39	34	12	8	5	3	0	74	13	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	38	16	6	4	5	1	72	11	4435
2020	First Nation	32	43	7	5	12	0	0	75	17	40
2020	Métis	44	25	16	10	0	5	0	73	10	55

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	39	25	11	6	15	5	0	67	22	45
2024	Non-Indigenous	31	34	10	9	7	6	4	72	17	3140
2024	First Nation	26	25	19	11	12	8	0	55	24	15
2024	Métis	52	31	8	4	0	4	0	87	5	25
2022	Indigenous	33	35	13	9	6	3	1	71	16	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	35	10	8	5	6	4	75	14	4120
2022	First Nation	34	35	14	9	3	5	0	73	12	35
2022	Métis	31	38	10	7	9	2	2	72	17	50
2020	Indigenous	44	28	5	7	11	4	1	76	19	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	34	10	8	4	4	3	76	13	4415
2020	First Nation	40	28	10	5	12	2	2	72	18	40
2020	Métis	48	27	2	8	11	5	0	78	20	50

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	15	27	20	5	8	26	0	56	17	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	9	21	21	5	4	35	5	50	16	3140
2024	First Nation	12	24	36	0	7	22	0	45	9	15
2024	Métis	22	31	8	4	7	28	0	73	15	25
2022	Indigenous	12	24	17	7	8	27	5	53	22	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	23	21	5	4	33	4	53	13	4125
2022	First Nation	22	28	14	10	3	20	3	65	17	35
2022	Métis	6	21	18	3	12	33	6	44	26	50

Question 72. Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination: I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	0	3	16	20	44	17	0	3	77	125
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	3	20	17	44	13	0	8	69	100

Ethical workplace

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	24	29	18	8	5	14	2	63	16	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	21	32	17	9	8	7	6	61	20	3140
2024	First Nation	47	13	20	15	5	0	0	60	20	15
2024	Métis	11	42	16	7	4	17	4	67	13	25
2022	Indigenous	18	33	19	9	5	15	2	61	16	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	31	16	9	6	7	6	65	17	4125
2022	First Nation	27	42	14	8	3	3	3	73	12	35
2022	Métis	12	26	21	10	6	23	2	51	21	50
2020	Indigenous	31	31	15	10	4	3	6	68	15	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	32	16	9	5	6	5	67	16	4435
2020	First Nation	24	36	12	5	10	8	5	69	17	40
2020	Métis	35	28	17	13	0	0	6	67	14	55
2019	Indigenous	26	25	21	14	6	5	2	56	22	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	31	15	10	7	5	4	64	19	3740
2019	First Nation	21	36	13	6	7	11	6	69	16	30
2019	Métis	30	17	23	21	6	2	0	48	28	45

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	34	30	15	6	9	7	0	69	16	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	26	41	13	10	6	3	1	70	17	3140
2024	First Nation	31	33	16	5	7	8	0	70	13	15
2024	Métis	38	40	12	3	7	0	0	77	11	25
2022	Indigenous	27	35	15	12	8	3	0	64	21	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	39	14	11	6	3	1	68	18	4125
2022	First Nation	22	29	21	13	12	2	0	52	26	35
2022	Métis	30	38	11	11	6	4	0	71	17	50
2020	Indigenous	33	27	11	20	7	2	0	61	28	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	39	12	9	4	3	1	73	14	4435
2020	First Nation	38	28	7	17	10	0	0	65	27	40
2020	Métis	28	28	14	22	5	3	0	57	29	55
2019	Indigenous	22	37	18	13	6	3	0	61	20	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	39	13	9	4	2	1	73	14	3745
2019	First Nation	22	41	16	13	3	3	0	66	17	30
2019	Métis	25	33	20	10	9	3	0	59	20	45

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	27	37	20	7	4	4	67	12	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	22	41	20	10	6	2	64	16	3140
2024	First Nation	30	42	17	5	7	0	71	12	15
2024	Métis	21	36	31	12	0	0	57	12	25
2022	Indigenous	24	32	21	16	6	0	56	22	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	38	21	11	6	2	62	17	4120
2022	First Nation	17	39	22	13	8	0	56	21	35
2022	Métis	29	26	23	17	6	0	55	22	50
2020	Indigenous	36	33	19	6	6	0	69	12	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	40	20	7	4	2	69	11	4420
2020	First Nation	38	30	20	2	10	0	68	12	40
2020	Métis	35	34	19	9	4	0	68	13	50
2019	Indigenous	21	40	22	10	5	2	62	15	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	40	20	8	4	2	67	12	3725
2019	First Nation	19	36	39	3	3	0	55	6	30
2019	Métis	20	44	13	15	4	3	66	20	45

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	16	26	13	10	21	14	0	49	36	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	20	18	17	18	11	2	38	40	3145
2024	First Nation	18	21	16	12	15	17	0	47	33	15
2024	Métis	21	35	15	13	7	9	0	62	22	25
2022	Indigenous	18	14	19	14	16	16	2	40	37	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	21	18	15	16	12	4	41	37	4125
2022	First Nation	12	19	22	8	22	16	0	38	35	35
2022	Métis	23	12	16	15	14	16	4	44	36	50
2020	Indigenous	18	27	15	18	14	8	1	49	34	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	21	19	16	13	11	3	43	34	4425
2020	First Nation	15	28	12	20	15	7	3	48	39	40
2020	Métis	20	26	18	16	13	7	0	50	31	55
2019	Indigenous	8	25	17	18	18	10	4	38	42	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	22	19	16	15	10	3	41	36	3745
2019	First Nation	3	26	20	22	13	14	3	35	41	30
2019	Métis	12	27	14	13	22	8	5	44	40	45

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	34	49	5	9	2	83	12	45
2024	Non-Indigenous	26	51	5	14	5	77	19	3140
2024	First Nation	43	36	14	7	0	79	7	15
2024	Métis	21	69	0	11	0	89	11	25
2022	Indigenous	34	49	5	10	2	83	12	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	48	4	12	4	80	16	4125
2022	First Nation	41	41	9	9	0	82	9	35
2022	Métis	27	56	3	11	3	83	14	50
2020	Indigenous	33	47	6	10	4	80	14	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	48	5	14	3	78	17	4440
2020	First Nation	28	48	2	17	5	76	22	40
2020	Métis	38	47	7	5	4	85	8	55

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	23	36	7	9	24	0	60	33	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	27	34	9	15	13	1	62	29	3140
2024	First Nation	38	18	4	7	33	0	56	40	15
2024	Métis	15	49	11	7	18	0	63	25	25
2022	Indigenous	30	51	8	7	4	0	81	11	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	37	7	11	8	1	74	19	4115
2022	First Nation	30	47	11	5	6	0	77	11	35
2022	Métis	30	54	5	8	3	0	84	11	50
2020	Indigenous	42	30	12	12	4	0	72	16	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	39	11	16	4	0	69	20	4430
2020	First Nation	36	27	13	14	10	0	63	24	40
2020	Métis	47	33	10	10	0	0	80	10	55
2019	Indigenous	33	37	9	18	4	0	70	22	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	35	7	12	8	0	72	21	3745
2019	First Nation	23	36	13	24	3	0	60	28	30
2019	Métis	38	36	6	15	4	0	74	20	45

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	38	35	9	7	11	73	18	45
2024	Non-Indigenous	32	41	10	11	5	73	16	3130
2024	First Nation	48	12	11	10	18	60	29	15
2024	Métis	37	52	4	3	4	89	7	25
2022	Indigenous	31	51	7	8	3	82	11	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	39	11	8	4	78	12	4115
2022	First Nation	33	49	10	6	3	82	8	35
2022	Métis	30	55	6	6	3	85	9	50
2020	Indigenous	47	28	11	12	3	74	15	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	39	11	10	3	76	13	4405
2020	First Nation	41	29	10	17	2	70	20	40
2020	Métis	50	27	12	8	4	77	11	55
2019	Indigenous	41	29	11	17	2	70	19	75
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	38	11	8	3	77	12	3735
2019	First Nation	29	39	17	15	0	69	15	30
2019	Métis	48	25	5	18	4	73	22	45

Use of official languages

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	63	21	14	2	0	84	2	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	60	24	5	7	3	85	10	3140
2024	First Nation	80	5	15	0	0	85	0	15
2024	Métis	47	42	7	4	0	89	4	25

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	52	21	13	8	2	4	76	11	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	52	25	8	10	5	0	77	15	3140
2024	First Nation	70	4	7	19	0	0	74	19	15
2024	Métis	40	31	15	3	4	8	76	8	25

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	81	9	4	5	0	2	91	5	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	78	13	3	2	2	1	92	4	3145
2024	First Nation	80	9	7	5	0	0	89	5	15
2024	Métis	81	8	3	7	0	0	90	7	25
2022	Indigenous	71	13	8	3	4	1	85	7	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	78	13	3	3	2	1	92	5	4130
2022	First Nation	80	17	3	0	0	0	97	0	35
2022	Métis	68	12	10	5	3	2	81	9	50
2019	Indigenous	68	22	6	1	3	0	90	4	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	78	13	4	2	2	1	92	4	3730
2019	First Nation	70	20	6	0	4	0	90	4	30
2019	Métis	64	26	6	2	2	0	90	4	45

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	31	32	26	4	5	2	64	9	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	38	31	19	6	2	3	71	9	3145
2024	First Nation	36	22	36	0	6	0	58	6	15
2024	Métis	17	43	24	8	3	4	63	12	25
2022	Indigenous	41	19	22	13	3	2	60	17	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	31	18	6	2	3	73	9	4130
2022	First Nation	46	22	19	11	0	2	69	11	35
2022	Métis	38	17	26	15	1	2	56	17	50
2020	Indigenous	43	26	15	7	5	4	72	12	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	29	19	7	3	2	71	10	4440
2020	First Nation	50	24	12	2	8	5	77	10	40
2020	Métis	38	29	18	10	2	4	69	12	55
2019	Indigenous	34	34	20	8	3	2	69	11	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	29	18	5	2	4	73	7	3755
2019	First Nation	35	39	16	10	0	0	74	10	30
2019	Métis	31	31	22	7	5	3	65	12	45

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	31	69	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	87	3145
2024	First Nation	43	57	15
2024	Métis	19	81	25
2022	Indigenous	20	80	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	4125
2022	First Nation	23	77	35
2022	Métis	17	83	50
2020	Indigenous	17	83	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	4435
2020	First Nation	20	80	40
2020	Métis	15	85	55
2019	Indigenous	21	79	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	3750
2019	First Nation	32	68	30
2019	Métis	16	84	45

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	36	64	390
2022	Indigenous	46	54	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	60	480
2020	Indigenous	30	70	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	61	490
2019	Indigenous	54	46	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	62	490

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	61	39	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	70	30	390
2022	Indigenous	56	44	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	62	38	480
2020	Indigenous	63	37	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	67	33	490
2019	Indigenous	66	34	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	69	31	490

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	8	92	390
2022	Indigenous	11	89	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	480

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	100	15
2022	Indigenous	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	100	480
2020	Indigenous	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	100	490
2019	Indigenous	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	100	490

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	5	95	390
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	480

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	5	95	390
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	480
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	490
2019	Indigenous	0	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	490

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	5	95	390
2022	Indigenous	5	95	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	480
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	490
2019	Indigenous	0	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	490

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	46	54	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	41	59	385
2022	Indigenous	26	74	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	63	480
2020	Indigenous	45	55	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	58	490
2019	Indigenous	41	59	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	59	485

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	78	22	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	46	54	385
2022	Indigenous	35	65	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	63	480
2020	Indigenous	37	63	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	56	490
2019	Indigenous	35	65	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	60	485

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	53	47	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	52	48	385
2022	Indigenous	59	41	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	55	480
2019	Indigenous	73	27	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	53	485

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	53	47	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	44	56	385
2022	Indigenous	30	70	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	55	480
2020	Indigenous	37	63	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	54	490
2019	Indigenous	48	52	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	56	485

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	42	58	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	36	64	385
2022	Indigenous	39	61	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	63	480
2020	Indigenous	30	70	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	61	490
2019	Indigenous	34	66	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	69	485

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	51	49	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	52	48	385
2022	Indigenous	47	53	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	48	480
2020	Indigenous	54	46	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	51	490
2019	Indigenous	48	52	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	47	485

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	30	70	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	39	61	385
2022	Indigenous	48	52	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	68	480
2020	Indigenous	43	57	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	65	490
2019	Indigenous	34	66	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	70	485

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	480

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	7	93	385
2022	Indigenous	6	94	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	480

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	14	86	385
2022	Indigenous	6	94	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	480
2019	Indigenous	0	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	485

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	66	34	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	52	48	385
2022	Indigenous	61	39	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	51	480
2020	Indigenous	39	61	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	48	490
2019	Indigenous	45	55	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	53	485

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	22	78	385
2022	Indigenous	17	83	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	480
2020	Indigenous	43	57	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	76	490

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	22	78	385
2022	Indigenous	16	84	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	480

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	42	58	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	57	43	390
2022	Indigenous	65	35	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	50	480
2020	Indigenous	69	31	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	48	490
2019	Indigenous	52	48	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	50	485

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	26	74	390
2022	Indigenous	31	69	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	74	480
2019	Indigenous	33	67	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	73	485

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	100	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	18	82	390
2022	Indigenous	22	78	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	480

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	87	390
2022	Indigenous	13	87	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	480
2019	Indigenous	0	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	86	485

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	87	390
2022	Indigenous	5	95	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	480

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	7	93	390
2022	Indigenous	7	93	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	480
2019	Indigenous	0	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	485

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	11	89	390
2022	Indigenous	5	95	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	480
2020	Indigenous	32	68	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	490

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	11	89	390
2022	Indigenous	13	87	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	480

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	23	77	390
2022	Indigenous	6	94	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	71	480

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	6	94	360
2022	Indigenous	7	93	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	450

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	19	81	360
2022	Indigenous	19	81	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	77	450

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	100	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	8	92	360
2022	Indigenous	7	93	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	450

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	100	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	6	94	360
2022	Indigenous	15	85	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	450

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	7	93	360
2022	Indigenous	19	81	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	450

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	10	90	360
2022	Indigenous	17	83	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	450
2019	Indigenous	0	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	460

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	14	86	360
2022	Indigenous	17	83	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	450

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	100	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	11	89	360
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	450

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	87	360
2022	Indigenous	18	82	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	450

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	39	61	360
2022	Indigenous	18	82	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	64	450
2019	Indigenous	27	73	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	61	460

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	14	86	360
2022	Indigenous	26	74	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	450
2019	Indigenous	0	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	460

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	54	46	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	50	50	360
2022	Indigenous	29	71	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	47	450
2019	Indigenous	54	46	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	47	460

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	100	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	2	98	360
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	450
2019	Indigenous	0	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	3	97	460

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	77	23	15
2024	Non-Indigenous	62	38	360
2022	Indigenous	46	54	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	59	41	450
2019	Indigenous	52	48	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	44	460

Question 62o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	6	94	360

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	87	360
2022	Indigenous	14	86	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	450

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	13	14	9	18	15	31	2	39	48	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	6	15	13	10	11	35	9	38	39	3140
2022	Indigenous	17	14	9	10	11	32	5	50	35	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	12	14	10	12	34	9	36	39	4125
2022	Métis	20	10	9	9	13	34	5	50	36	50
2020	Indigenous	19	12	14	10	10	27	8	48	30	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	16	17	9	7	32	6	45	27	4435
2020	First Nation	21	5	13	12	8	26	15	44	34	40
2020	Métis	18	17	15	9	11	26	4	50	28	55
2019	Indigenous	11	13	19	9	11	33	3	38	32	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	16	20	10	8	28	7	42	28	3755
2019	First Nation	6	7	15	15	10	43	3	24	47	30
2019	Métis	16	16	21	6	11	27	2	45	25	45

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	11	34	17	16	9	12	0	52	29	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	14	31	17	12	9	15	1	55	25	3145
2022	Indigenous	19	30	14	14	6	15	1	59	25	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	28	16	12	11	15	1	54	27	4125
2022	First Nation	13	31	15	21	8	9	3	50	33	35
2022	Métis	23	30	12	11	6	18	0	65	21	50
2020	Indigenous	28	21	21	9	9	9	2	56	21	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	29	19	11	6	13	1	59	19	4425
2020	First Nation	26	28	14	10	12	7	2	59	25	40
2020	Métis	30	17	26	9	7	9	2	53	18	55
2019	Indigenous	21	23	19	11	6	17	2	55	21	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	31	19	10	6	12	1	60	18	3755
2019	First Nation	14	21	17	12	7	25	3	50	26	30
2019	Métis	25	27	17	11	4	14	2	62	18	45

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	13	87	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	12	88	3135
2022	Indigenous	16	84	85
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	4125
2022	First Nation	18	82	35
2022	Métis	14	86	50
2020	Indigenous	10	90	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	4430
2019	Indigenous	16	84	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	3745
2019	First Nation	21	79	30
2019	Métis	14	86	45

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	33	67	370
2022	Indigenous	7	93	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	71	395
2019	Indigenous	49	51	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	63	340

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	79	21	370
2022	Indigenous	80	20	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	75	25	395

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	4	96	370
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	395

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	100	395
2019	Indigenous	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	100	340

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	6	94	370
2022	Indigenous	7	93	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	395
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	340

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	9	91	370
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	395
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	340

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	14	86	370
2022	Indigenous	13	87	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	395

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	34	66	365
2022	Indigenous	22	78	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	74	395

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	31	69	365
2022	Indigenous	33	67	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	395

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	18	82	365
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	395

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	87	365
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	395

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	27	73	365
2022	Indigenous	13	87	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	71	395

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	33	67	365
2022	Indigenous	25	75	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	72	395
2019	Indigenous	39	61	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	60	335

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	5	95	365
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	395
2019	Indigenous	0	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	3	97	335

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	4	96	365
2022	Indigenous	6	94	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	395

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	10	90	365
2022	Indigenous	12	88	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	395

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	27	73	365
2022	Indigenous	17	83	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	395

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	395

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	16	84	365
2022	Indigenous	16	84	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	395

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	100	365
2022	Indigenous	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	100	395
2019	Indigenous	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	100	335

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	30	70	370
2022	Indigenous	34	66	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	70	395

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	87	370
2022	Indigenous	14	86	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	395

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	10	90	370
2022	Indigenous	6	94	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	395

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	10	90	370
2022	Indigenous	13	87	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	395
2019	Indigenous	0	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	335

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	6	94	370
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	395

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	5	95	370
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	395
2019	Indigenous	0	100	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	335

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	6	94	370
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	395

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	10	90	370
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	395

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	55	45	370
2022	Indigenous	32	68	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	47	395

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	3	97	355
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	380
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	300

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	87	355
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	380

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	91	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	380
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	2	98	300

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	1	99	355
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	380
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	3	97	300

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	2	98	355
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	380

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	4	96	355
2022	Indigenous	13	87	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	380

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	10	90	355
2022	Indigenous	12	88	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	380
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	300

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	12	88	355
2022	Indigenous	6	94	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	380

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	87	355
2022	Indigenous	13	87	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	380

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	34	66	355
2022	Indigenous	11	89	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	71	380

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	12	88	355
2022	Indigenous	20	80	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	380
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	300

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	49	51	355
2022	Indigenous	20	80	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	55	380

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	380

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	73	27	355
2022	Indigenous	66	34	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	62	38	380

Question 69o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	3	97	355

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Non-Indigenous	11	89	355
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	380

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	14	8	16	21	7	30	3	33	43	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	7	15	18	8	7	38	6	40	27	3145
2022	Indigenous	12	16	14	14	5	35	4	46	32	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	14	18	8	7	38	6	42	26	4120
2022	Métis	12	19	10	10	4	42	3	56	25	50
2020	Indigenous	20	14	16	5	9	29	6	53	23	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	16	19	7	5	34	5	48	21	4425
2020	First Nation	19	7	15	2	15	33	10	44	30	40
2020	Métis	22	20	17	7	5	25	4	58	18	55
2019	Indigenous	13	11	28	5	7	32	4	38	19	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	17	21	6	4	33	6	48	18	3750
2019	First Nation	3	7	30	3	3	49	3	23	14	30
2019	Métis	18	15	24	6	9	23	5	46	21	45

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	14	32	19	16	6	13	0	53	25	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	16	32	19	10	7	15	1	57	20	3145
2022	Indigenous	23	31	17	14	4	10	1	60	20	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	31	18	9	6	15	2	60	18	4125
2022	First Nation	18	24	19	28	2	7	3	46	33	35
2022	Métis	26	36	15	5	6	12	0	71	12	50
2020	Indigenous	29	27	21	3	8	10	2	64	13	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	31	19	9	5	13	1	62	15	4435
2020	First Nation	28	30	15	2	12	10	2	66	17	40
2020	Métis	30	25	26	3	5	9	2	62	10	55
2019	Indigenous	18	26	23	5	5	22	1	58	13	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	31	19	6	4	15	1	65	12	3745
2019	First Nation	6	30	23	6	3	31	0	52	14	30
2019	Métis	25	25	22	5	4	18	2	62	11	45

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	20	80	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	14	86	3145
2024	First Nation	37	63	15
2024	Métis	15	85	25
2022	Indigenous	19	81	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	4125
2022	First Nation	33	67	35
2022	Métis	10	90	50
2020	Indigenous	19	81	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	4415
2020	First Nation	12	88	40
2020	Métis	24	76	50
2019	Indigenous	23	77	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	85	3755
2019	First Nation	32	68	30
2019	Métis	17	83	45

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	42	58	10
2024	Non-Indigenous	51	49	430
2022	Indigenous	47	53	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	48	475
2022	First Nation	56	44	10
2020	Indigenous	29	71	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	61	540

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	89	11	10
2024	Non-Indigenous	75	25	430
2022	Indigenous	64	36	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	27	475
2022	First Nation	81	19	10
2020	Indigenous	77	23	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	79	21	540
2019	Indigenous	63	37	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	75	25	565

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	31	37	15	0	16	0	0	68	16	10
2024	Non-Indigenous	36	39	6	13	5	0	0	75	18	315
2022	Indigenous	39	35	11	9	6	0	0	74	15	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	36	9	9	5	1	1	77	14	355
2022	First Nation	38	43	0	11	8	0	0	81	19	10
2020	Indigenous	71	14	7	7	0	0	0	86	7	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	38	9	5	4	1	1	82	9	425
2019	Indigenous	38	33	8	21	0	0	0	71	21	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	32	6	12	3	0	1	80	15	420

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	40	32	5	8	5	2	7	80	14	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	35	36	9	8	4	3	4	77	13	3140
2024	First Nation	37	40	4	4	9	0	5	82	14	15
2024	Métis	42	39	8	4	3	0	4	84	8	25
2022	Indigenous	51	21	7	13	0	2	6	79	14	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	37	8	7	3	5	4	80	10	4125
2022	First Nation	60	20	4	5	0	3	8	90	6	35
2022	Métis	48	21	9	17	0	0	5	73	17	50
2020	Indigenous	52	26	4	7	5	4	1	83	13	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	35	9	5	2	3	5	83	8	4430
2020	First Nation	46	24	5	10	5	7	2	78	17	40
2020	Métis	57	27	3	5	5	2	0	86	11	55

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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	50	24	6	9	6	0	5	79	15	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	47	32	7	7	6	1	0	80	13	3145
2024	First Nation	53	19	7	10	12	0	0	72	21	15
2024	Métis	51	30	7	8	3	0	0	81	11	25
2022	Indigenous	50	29	4	9	7	0	1	80	16	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	33	7	6	5	1	1	81	11	4125
2022	First Nation	55	35	3	4	3	0	0	90	7	35
2022	Métis	49	23	5	11	10	0	2	74	21	50
2020	Indigenous	53	22	5	8	12	1	0	75	19	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	33	9	8	4	1	1	78	13	4415
2020	First Nation	45	17	5	12	18	3	0	64	31	40
2020	Métis	59	26	4	4	7	0	0	85	11	55

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	7	17	8	12	19	12	24	49	38	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	4	8	14	9	29	7	28	60	19	3135
2024	First Nation	7	24	13	17	13	5	21	40	41	15
2024	Métis	0	9	8	14	30	15	24	73	14	25
2022	Indigenous	3	15	14	8	35	8	16	57	24	85
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	7	14	9	33	6	28	63	16	4120
2022	First Nation	5	16	20	14	28	6	10	50	26	35
2022	Métis	2	14	9	5	43	10	17	66	22	50

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	17	35	29	7	7	6	54	15	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	11	37	21	17	11	4	50	29	3140
2024	First Nation	12	47	24	10	7	0	59	17	15
2024	Métis	12	38	24	7	7	12	57	16	25
2022	Indigenous	10	45	23	13	4	5	58	18	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	38	19	14	9	4	55	25	4120
2022	First Nation	12	33	26	17	6	6	48	25	35
2022	Métis	9	54	21	9	4	4	66	13	50
2020	Indigenous	35	32	13	13	4	3	69	18	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	45	13	8	3	1	76	11	4430
2020	First Nation	28	35	19	10	8	0	63	17	40
2020	Métis	40	31	8	14	2	5	75	17	55
2019	Indigenous	18	42	20	14	4	3	62	18	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	42	18	12	5	3	63	18	3745
2019	First Nation	6	60	18	9	3	3	68	13	30
2019	Métis	26	30	20	16	4	4	58	21	45

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	9	36	25	26	5	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	9	25	36	22	9	3145
2024	First Nation	10	28	25	37	0	15
2024	Métis	12	40	30	11	7	25
2022	Indigenous	17	30	29	17	8	85
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	26	38	20	7	4130
2022	First Nation	19	18	31	26	6	35
2022	Métis	16	34	28	12	10	50

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	37	34	10	7	2	4	7	80	9	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	44	31	12	5	5	3	0	78	10	3145
2024	First Nation	48	36	7	4	5	0	0	84	9	15
2024	Métis	38	27	16	7	0	8	4	74	8	25
2022	Indigenous	51	21	12	9	2	4	1	76	11	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	31	11	6	4	3	1	79	10	4125
2022	First Nation	57	22	6	13	3	0	0	79	16	35
2022	Métis	50	20	15	5	2	6	2	77	7	50
2020	Indigenous	47	27	9	8	6	2	1	76	15	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	32	14	5	4	3	1	76	9	4410
2020	First Nation	38	22	15	11	10	2	2	63	22	40
2020	Métis	54	29	4	7	4	2	0	85	11	50

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	46	25	3	14	6	0	5	75	21	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	36	29	11	12	11	1	0	66	23	3145
2024	First Nation	50	28	0	10	12	0	0	79	21	15
2024	Métis	48	22	7	20	3	0	0	70	23	25
2022	Indigenous	43	28	6	12	11	0	1	71	22	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	29	9	12	11	1	1	67	23	4125
2022	First Nation	50	26	6	9	9	0	0	76	18	35
2022	Métis	41	29	6	10	12	0	2	71	23	50
2020	Indigenous	45	19	9	10	14	2	0	66	25	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	30	13	15	9	1	1	63	24	4425
2020	First Nation	35	10	15	12	25	2	0	46	38	40
2020	Métis	53	25	4	9	7	2	0	80	16	55

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	22	33	12	20	14	0	0	55	34	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	14	37	15	20	12	1	0	52	33	3145
2024	First Nation	26	30	14	14	16	0	0	56	29	15
2024	Métis	19	48	4	15	14	0	0	66	29	25
2022	Indigenous	24	32	20	16	7	1	0	57	23	85
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	37	16	16	11	1	1	56	27	4125
2022	First Nation	28	29	20	12	8	3	0	59	20	35
2022	Métis	22	35	19	17	7	0	0	57	25	50
2020	Indigenous	25	36	10	19	9	1	0	62	28	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	34	18	13	8	1	0	60	22	4435
2020	First Nation	19	32	15	22	12	0	0	51	34	40
2020	Métis	31	38	5	17	7	2	0	70	24	55
2019	Indigenous	14	29	17	20	12	8	0	47	35	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	32	21	18	11	2	0	50	29	3750
2019	First Nation	6	38	15	30	7	4	0	45	39	30
2019	Métis	21	26	14	11	17	12	0	52	32	45

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	20	45	12	17	6	0	0	65	22	25
2024	Non-Indigenous	10	47	16	19	7	1	0	58	26	1420
2024	First Nation	9	37	9	45	0	0	0	47	45	10
2024	Métis	37	43	21	0	0	0	0	79	0	10
2022	Indigenous	21	53	3	11	9	3	0	77	20	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	47	16	19	7	1	0	58	26	1725
2022	First Nation	29	42	8	21	0	0	0	71	21	10
2022	Métis	20	60	0	6	8	6	0	85	15	15
2020	Indigenous	30	49	9	12	0	0	0	79	12	35
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	47	14	19	4	1	1	62	24	1685
2020	First Nation	37	42	14	7	0	0	0	79	7	15
2020	Métis	27	51	5	17	0	0	0	78	17	20
2019	Indigenous	20	51	19	0	0	7	4	78	0	25
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	44	16	16	6	3	2	60	24	1450

Work-related stress

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	31	32	10	9	9	3	6	34	66	45
2024	Non-Indigenous	32	30	18	8	9	0	3	33	67	3130
2024	First Nation	33	38	12	5	4	8	0	36	64	15
2024	Métis	35	28	9	17	7	0	4	37	63	25
2022	Indigenous	34	23	21	5	15	0	3			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	31	19	9	9	0	3			4105
2022	First Nation	34	31	19	5	6	0	4			35
2022	Métis	35	17	21	3	21	0	2			50
2020	Indigenous	35	21	25	12	7	0	0			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	30	21	12	8	0	1			4425
2020	First Nation	36	7	27	18	13	0	0			40
2020	Métis	34	31	24	8	4	0	0			55
2019	Indigenous	15	21	20	14	27	0	2			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	26	24	13	15	0	1			3745
2019	First Nation	10	29	23	11	22	0	6			30
2019	Métis	17	18	18	18	29	0	0			45

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	7	36	22	16	19	0	7	93	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	12	22	29	18	18	1	12	88	3135
2024	First Nation	6	40	7	34	13	0	6	94	15
2024	Métis	10	31	31	8	19	0	10	90	25
2022	Indigenous	10	30	22	23	14	1			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	23	27	19	20	1			4110
2022	First Nation	8	30	21	26	11	4			35
2022	Métis	10	33	23	18	17	0			50
2020	Indigenous	17	18	20	27	18	0			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	23	28	20	16	0			4430
2020	First Nation	12	12	24	27	25	0			40
2020	Métis	20	22	17	26	14	0			55
2019	Indigenous	5	21	37	23	13	1			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	25	28	18	14	0			3745
2019	First Nation	0	28	36	24	8	3			30
2019	Métis	9	16	36	21	18	0			45

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	9	38	29	12	12	0	9	91	45
2024	Non-Indigenous	14	25	28	17	14	1	14	86	3130
2024	First Nation	8	34	26	23	9	0	8	92	15
2024	Métis	7	39	39	8	7	0	7	93	25
2022	Indigenous	13	36	21	14	15	1			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	25	26	17	15	1			4115
2022	First Nation	12	38	28	12	6	4			35
2022	Métis	12	36	16	14	22	0			50
2020	Indigenous	14	28	23	21	14	0			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	27	25	18	12	1			4430
2020	First Nation	14	22	20	22	22	0			40
2020	Métis	15	31	25	22	7	0			50
2019	Indigenous	8	30	35	18	8	1			75
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	29	26	16	10	1			3730
2019	First Nation	0	31	45	13	7	4			30
2019	Métis	14	28	32	19	7	0			45

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	11	21	22	15	22	4	4	12	88	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	13	22	24	19	20	0	2	13	87	3140
2024	First Nation	12	17	33	18	21	0	0	12	88	15
2024	Métis	9	33	19	12	19	8	0	9	91	25
2022	Indigenous	14	24	24	19	17	0	1			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	20	24	19	22	1	1			4115
2022	First Nation	12	22	28	19	15	0	4			35
2022	Métis	16	25	19	21	19	0	0			50
2020	Indigenous	19	23	18	19	20	0	1			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	24	24	18	14	1	1			4415
2020	First Nation	19	21	19	15	23	0	3			40
2020	Métis	19	24	18	20	18	0	0			55
2019	Indigenous	12	19	30	24	14	0	1			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	23	24	19	16	0	1			3730
2019	First Nation	7	29	30	21	9	0	3			30
2019	Métis	16	13	28	24	18	0	0			45

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	31	19	26	10	10	4	32	68	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	29	27	18	10	10	5	31	69	3140
2024	First Nation	43	9	30	13	4	0	43	57	15
2024	Métis	20	34	28	12	7	0	20	80	25
2022	Indigenous	34	30	15	8	9	4			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	25	19	12	12	4			4110
2022	First Nation	35	24	20	4	8	9			35
2022	Métis	35	33	12	9	10	2			50
2020	Indigenous	36	20	18	13	11	2			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	27	20	13	10	2			4425
2020	First Nation	38	15	21	13	10	3			40
2020	Métis	36	24	15	11	12	2			55
2019	Indigenous	31	24	26	12	6	1			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	28	18	11	8	3			3735
2019	First Nation	31	20	37	6	2	3			30
2019	Métis	29	27	19	16	8	0			45

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	18	25	28	11	14	4	18	82	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	17	26	24	16	16	1	17	83	3140
2024	First Nation	19	15	38	14	14	0	19	81	15
2024	Métis	4	43	27	10	15	0	4	96	25
2022	Indigenous	22	23	19	14	17	5			85
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	25	23	15	16	1			4115
2022	First Nation	23	25	17	6	23	7			35
2022	Métis	21	22	20	17	15	4			50
2020	Indigenous	19	23	29	13	14	1			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	25	24	18	14	0			4430
2020	First Nation	24	17	25	15	19	0			40
2020	Métis	16	27	33	11	11	2			55
2019	Indigenous	20	21	37	11	10	1			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	28	22	14	12	1			3745
2019	First Nation	14	21	40	13	9	3			30
2019	Métis	23	23	31	11	12	0			45

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	26	29	27	5	6	3	4	28	72	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	20	32	23	13	9	1	2	20	80	3140
2024	First Nation	22	18	34	14	4	8	0	24	76	15
2024	Métis	36	29	24	0	11	0	0	36	64	25
2022	Indigenous	27	33	24	9	5	0	3			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	32	23	11	7	0	1			4110
2022	First Nation	27	24	23	16	3	0	7			35
2022	Métis	25	39	24	5	7	0	0			50
2020	Indigenous	30	28	21	11	7	0	3			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	36	22	11	4	1	1			4420
2020	First Nation	34	26	20	8	10	0	3			40
2020	Métis	28	30	21	13	5	0	3			55
2019	Indigenous	16	43	24	12	4	0	0			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	35	23	11	5	0	1			3730
2019	First Nation	9	55	18	14	3	0	0			30
2019	Métis	23	34	30	8	6	0	0			45

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	20	28	23	12	9	4	4	22	78	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	15	30	27	15	12	1	1	16	84	3140
2024	First Nation	33	20	33	10	4	0	0	33	67	15
2024	Métis	12	40	25	4	11	8	0	13	87	25
2022	Indigenous	18	39	26	9	6	1	1			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	31	24	15	10	0	1			4115
2022	First Nation	20	40	18	13	6	0	4			35
2022	Métis	13	39	33	7	6	2	0			50
2020	Indigenous	25	38	20	10	7	0	0			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	34	25	13	6	0	1			4420
2020	First Nation	23	37	17	10	12	0	0			40
2020	Métis	24	39	22	11	3	0	0			55
2019	Indigenous	12	41	27	11	6	1	1			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	33	26	12	7	0	1			3725
2019	First Nation	10	42	32	7	7	0	4			30
2019	Métis	13	41	21	15	7	2	0			45

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	33	30	26	9	3	0	33	67	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	22	32	21	13	10	1	22	78	3140
2024	First Nation	33	28	29	10	0	0	33	67	15
2024	Métis	27	30	28	11	3	0	27	73	25
2022	Indigenous	23	36	19	8	11	3			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	32	20	13	8	1			4120
2022	First Nation	33	25	20	5	10	7			35
2022	Métis	14	46	19	8	12	0			50
2020	Indigenous	27	33	25	7	7	0			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	33	22	12	6	1			4415
2020	First Nation	28	30	27	5	10	0			40
2020	Métis	25	37	24	9	5	0			55
2019	Indigenous	20	33	22	14	8	3			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	31	24	13	8	1			3725
2019	First Nation	16	44	12	13	11	4			30
2019	Métis	23	27	27	13	6	3			45

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	37	31	16	13	4	0	0	37	63	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	36	28	15	10	9	0	1	36	64	3130
2024	First Nation	45	23	16	10	6	0	0	45	55	15
2024	Métis	37	29	18	12	4	0	0	37	63	25
2022	Indigenous	32	33	14	12	6	0	3			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	27	17	9	7	0	1			4120
2022	First Nation	38	22	8	16	9	0	7			35
2022	Métis	28	40	16	11	5	0	0			50
2020	Indigenous	35	29	16	12	8	0	0			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	28	17	9	7	0	1			4415
2020	First Nation	34	22	20	13	10	0	0			40
2020	Métis	36	33	12	11	7	0	0			50
2019	Indigenous	31	31	13	11	13	0	0			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	28	18	11	8	1	1			3720
2019	First Nation	35	30	13	10	13	0	0			30
2019	Métis	32	28	13	14	14	0	0			45

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	50	35	12	3	0	0	50	50	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	48	27	13	5	4	1	49	51	3140
2024	First Nation	68	9	14	9	0	0	68	32	15
2024	Métis	28	56	16	0	0	0	28	72	25
2022	Indigenous	52	20	11	10	2	3			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	28	13	5	3	2			4115
2022	First Nation	56	18	11	5	3	7			35
2022	Métis	50	21	13	15	2	0			50
2020	Indigenous	29	29	20	16	6	0			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	30	26	15	7	1			4415
2020	First Nation	22	27	24	17	10	0			40
2020	Métis	33	32	17	15	4	0			55

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	28	28	21	15	7	0	0	28	72	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	27	29	22	11	9	0	1	27	73	3140
2024	First Nation	35	28	25	9	4	0	0	35	65	15
2024	Métis	31	31	24	7	7	0	0	31	69	25
2022	Indigenous	35	30	14	10	10	0	1			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	30	22	11	8	0	1			4110
2022	First Nation	40	26	10	8	12	0	4			35
2022	Métis	31	31	17	11	10	0	0			50
2020	Indigenous	23	36	18	11	12	0	0			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	28	26	15	8	0	1			4410
2020	First Nation	19	42	10	12	17	0	0			40
2020	Métis	25	32	24	11	9	0	0			55
2019	Indigenous	23	24	23	19	10	0	0			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	30	23	12	7	1	1			3720
2019	First Nation	24	20	27	22	6	0	0			30
2019	Métis	24	24	23	18	11	0	0			45

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	32	21	19	7	18	4	33	67	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	33	23	17	11	13	3	34	66	3130
2024	First Nation	28	19	13	10	31	0	28	72	15
2024	Métis	43	24	19	4	10	0	43	57	25
2022	Indigenous	35	29	20	5	8	4			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	25	15	8	7	3			4110
2022	First Nation	36	31	13	2	11	7			35
2022	Métis	35	27	24	5	7	2			50
2020	Indigenous	48	26	15	2	6	3			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	30	19	7	3	1			4405
2020	First Nation	39	27	17	2	12	3			40
2020	Métis	56	24	14	2	2	3			55
2019	Indigenous	29	37	16	7	9	2			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	25	15	8	5	1			3720
2019	First Nation	23	38	17	14	3	5			30
2019	Métis	32	35	17	2	13	0			45

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	24	37	24	5	10	0	24	76	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	33	32	19	9	6	1	33	67	3135
2024	First Nation	40	22	28	4	7	0	40	60	15
2024	Métis	15	47	31	0	7	0	15	85	25
2022	Indigenous	35	36	11	10	5	3			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	36	18	8	6	1			4120
2022	First Nation	38	37	5	6	6	7			35
2022	Métis	32	35	16	12	5	0			50
2020	Indigenous	28	34	26	5	6	0			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	34	24	12	6	0			4405
2020	First Nation	21	40	17	8	15	0			40
2020	Métis	34	30	34	2	0	0			50

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	46	20	5	4	4	4	16	58	42	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	63	12	4	2	2	1	16	76	24	3130
2024	First Nation	41	15	9	7	0	8	20	56	44	15
2024	Métis	50	23	3	4	3	0	15	60	40	25

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	47	18	6	8	7	2	13	55	45	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	57	14	7	4	4	1	13	67	33	3135
2024	First Nation	36	9	10	13	12	0	20	45	55	15
2024	Métis	54	24	4	3	7	0	8	59	41	25

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	46	22	12	5	7	2	7	50	50	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	63	13	6	4	5	1	8	70	30	3140
2024	First Nation	47	17	4	9	15	0	9	51	49	15
2024	Métis	43	30	12	0	3	4	8	48	52	25
2022	Indigenous	59	21	6	4	6	2	3			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	67	13	5	3	4	1	6			4125
2022	First Nation	54	25	3	0	9	2	7			35
2022	Métis	64	18	6	7	4	2	0			50
2020	Indigenous	72	15	2	1	7	1	2			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	71	12	6	3	3	1	4			4410
2020	First Nation	69	10	3	3	10	3	3			40
2020	Métis	73	18	2	0	5	0	2			55
2019	Indigenous	64	17	7	5	6	0	1			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	68	12	7	4	5	1	3			3735
2019	First Nation	54	21	11	3	6	0	3			30
2019	Métis	69	16	5	7	4	0	0			45

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	58	26	10	2	0	0	5	61	39	45
2024	Non-Indigenous	57	24	9	4	3	0	4	59	41	3130
2024	First Nation	46	41	5	0	0	0	9	50	50	15
2024	Métis	66	19	11	4	0	0	0	66	34	25
2022	Indigenous	56	33	8	0	1	1	2			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	62	21	8	3	2	0	4			4115
2022	First Nation	62	26	8	0	0	0	4			35
2022	Métis	51	37	8	0	1	2	0			50
2020	Indigenous	71	22	5	0	1	0	1			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	64	22	7	3	2	0	2			4405
2020	First Nation	68	25	2	0	2	0	3			40
2020	Métis	73	20	7	0	0	0	0			55
2019	Indigenous	50	28	14	3	4	0	1			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	26	11	4	2	0	1			3720
2019	First Nation	48	29	9	3	7	0	3			30
2019	Métis	53	26	17	2	2	0	0			45

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	51	17	15	8	2	3	4	55	45	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	55	20	10	5	7	0	3	57	43	3135
2024	First Nation	43	0	28	12	5	8	5	49	51	15
2024	Métis	62	22	8	9	0	0	0	62	38	25
2022	Indigenous	56	17	17	5	2	1	2			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	59	18	8	5	6	0	3			4120
2022	First Nation	64	13	14	5	0	0	4			35
2022	Métis	51	21	17	5	3	2	0			50
2020	Indigenous	65	14	10	4	6	0	1			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	62	17	9	5	4	0	2			4420
2020	First Nation	62	13	10	2	10	0	3			40
2020	Métis	66	16	9	5	4	0	0			55
2019	Indigenous	51	17	15	5	11	0	0			75
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	20	10	7	6	0	1			3700
2019	First Nation	54	19	11	7	10	0	0			30
2019	Métis	48	16	17	5	14	0	0			45

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	57	11	5	0	1	0	26	77	23	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	54	15	5	2	2	0	21	68	32	3135
2024	First Nation	54	14	10	0	4	0	18	66	34	15
2024	Métis	63	12	3	0	0	0	22	80	20	25
2022	Indigenous	59	17	5	1	1	1	17			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	14	6	3	1	0	20			4115
2022	First Nation	67	14	0	0	0	0	20			35
2022	Métis	52	20	7	2	2	2	16			50
2020	Indigenous	65	9	5	1	0	0	20			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	56	15	6	2	1	0	19			4420
2020	First Nation	65	5	2	0	0	0	28			40
2020	Métis	65	13	7	2	0	0	14			55
2019	Indigenous	56	15	6	3	2	0	19			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	16	8	3	2	0	20			3705
2019	First Nation	54	16	8	0	3	0	19			30
2019	Métis	58	15	4	5	2	0	16			45

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	60	15	10	0	0	5	9	70	30	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	65	18	5	1	1	1	8	71	29	3130
2024	First Nation	51	15	11	0	0	8	16	66	34	15
2024	Métis	64	21	11	0	0	4	0	67	33	25
2022	Indigenous	68	20	5	1	2	1	3			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	69	17	5	2	1	0	6			4110
2022	First Nation	74	17	2	0	0	0	6			35
2022	Métis	67	21	5	2	3	2	0			50
2020	Indigenous	68	19	9	1	1	0	2			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	70	17	6	2	1	0	4			4430
2020	First Nation	70	17	8	2	2	0	0			40
2020	Métis	66	21	11	0	0	0	3			55
2019	Indigenous	69	24	5	0	0	0	3			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	68	18	6	2	1	0	5			3720
2019	First Nation	75	19	6	0	0	0	0			30
2019	Métis	67	24	4	0	0	0	5			45

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	55	14	2	5	12	6	7	62	38	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	64	14	6	4	5	1	7	69	31	3140
2024	First Nation	56	4	6	8	18	0	9	61	39	15
2024	Métis	57	27	0	4	0	12	0	64	36	25
2022	Indigenous	67	12	3	2	7	4	5			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	69	12	6	3	5	0	6			4120
2022	First Nation	70	6	0	4	9	3	9			35
2022	Métis	64	17	5	2	7	4	2			50
2020	Indigenous	66	18	9	1	5	0	2			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	70	12	5	4	6	0	3			4430
2020	First Nation	57	17	16	0	5	0	5			40
2020	Métis	71	18	4	2	6	0	0			55
2019	Indigenous	73	14	4	0	5	0	4			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	73	9	4	4	6	0	4			3725
2019	First Nation	65	18	7	0	3	0	7			30
2019	Métis	80	13	0	0	4	0	3			45

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	43	38	9	2	2	0	7	46	54	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	48	26	13	5	3	0	4	50	50	3140
2024	First Nation	48	28	15	0	0	0	9	53	47	15
2024	Métis	41	40	4	3	3	0	8	45	55	25
2022	Indigenous	53	15	23	3	0	2	4			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	25	13	5	3	1	4			4120
2022	First Nation	48	20	17	3	0	5	7			35
2022	Métis	54	13	28	4	0	0	2			50
2020	Indigenous	47	26	20	2	3	0	2			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	29	16	6	3	0	2			4435
2020	First Nation	50	25	17	0	2	0	5			40
2020	Métis	45	26	22	4	4	0	0			55
2019	Indigenous	55	26	11	1	2	0	4			80
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	26	11	3	2	0	2			3725
2019	First Nation	56	22	9	4	3	0	7			30
2019	Métis	56	26	13	0	2	0	3			45

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	2	27	40	21	7	3	30	29	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	6	24	41	20	9	0	29	30	3145
2024	First Nation	0	20	49	23	0	8	22	25	15
2024	Métis	5	27	45	16	7	0	32	23	25
2022	Indigenous	13	23	42	18	4	0	36	22	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	24	41	19	9	0	31	28	4125
2022	First Nation	17	25	42	13	3	0	42	16	35
2022	Métis	9	23	42	21	5	0	33	26	50
2020	Indigenous	6	36	35	18	5	0	42	23	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	27	40	18	6	0	36	24	4430
2020	First Nation	5	37	31	22	5	0	41	27	40
2020	Métis	7	36	38	13	5	0	43	19	50
2019	Indigenous	12	32	38	14	5	0	44	18	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	30	37	16	5	0	41	21	3755
2019	First Nation	14	34	44	8	0	0	48	8	30
2019	Métis	12	29	34	17	8	0	41	25	45

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	13	37	32	12	5	0	18	50	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	14	27	38	16	6	0	22	41	3140
2024	First Nation	11	52	27	10	0	0	10	63	15
2024	Métis	11	26	40	12	12	0	24	37	25
2022	Indigenous	15	19	38	19	9	1	28	34	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	23	40	18	7	0	25	35	4120
2022	First Nation	12	21	41	15	8	4	24	34	35
2022	Métis	17	18	36	21	8	0	29	35	50
2020	Indigenous	13	22	40	20	5	0	25	35	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	24	38	19	6	0	25	37	4415
2020	First Nation	12	26	32	27	2	0	29	39	40
2020	Métis	14	19	45	14	7	0	22	33	55
2019	Indigenous	11	24	39	17	8	0	25	35	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	20	40	22	7	0	29	31	3735
2019	First Nation	6	34	40	9	10	0	20	41	30
2019	Métis	15	20	33	25	7	0	32	35	45

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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	17	64	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	24	57	3145
2024	First Nation	12	63	15
2024	Métis	22	63	25
2022	Indigenous	37	49	90
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	54	4130
2022	First Nation	27	54	35
2022	Métis	46	44	50
2020	Indigenous	36	41	95
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	43	4440
2020	First Nation	38	38	40
2020	Métis	35	43	55

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	19	81	10
2024	Non-Indigenous	35	65	730
2022	Indigenous	49	51	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	62	980
2022	Métis	57	43	20
2020	Indigenous	35	65	35
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	64	1485
2020	First Nation	32	68	15
2020	Métis	37	63	20

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	38	26	11	2	4	7	12	47	53	50
2024	Non-Indigenous	44	15	10	4	4	3	19	57	43	3140
2024	First Nation	46	15	10	7	0	5	18	59	41	15
2024	Métis	43	38	16	0	4	0	0	43	57	25
2022	Indigenous	43	16	16	5	5	0	15			90
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	14	9	5	4	3	20			4125
2022	First Nation	30	18	22	8	5	0	17			35
2022	Métis	48	15	14	3	5	0	14			50
2020	Indigenous	45	14	14	6	8	1	11			95
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	17	13	7	6	2	12			4430
2020	First Nation	39	8	15	15	8	2	12			40
2020	Métis	49	19	14	0	8	0	10			55
2019	Indigenous	34	15	23	11	11	1	4			75
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	16	14	8	9	1	10			3710
2019	First Nation	34	17	27	4	4	3	11			30
2019	Métis	32	16	20	16	16	0	0			45

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	10	9	19	19	34	0	8	21	58	10
2024	Non-Indigenous	4	14	14	22	37	3	8	19	65	730
2022	Indigenous	8	7	15	24	41	3	2	16	68	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	19	14	21	35	2	5	26	60	980
2022	Métis	11	0	13	25	47	4	0	12	75	20
2020	Indigenous	14	13	17	20	30	0	6	29	53	35
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	19	16	22	30	1	4	28	55	1485
2020	First Nation	12	6	26	7	42	0	7	20	52	15
2020	Métis	16	18	10	30	21	0	5	36	54	20

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2024	Indigenous	0	0	10	46	44	0	0	0	90	10
2024	Non-Indigenous	4	16	14	21	39	1	4	21	64	730
2022	Indigenous	9	9	6	28	48	0	0	18	76	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	17	11	21	40	3	3	23	65	980
2022	Métis	13	8	4	32	43	0	0	21	75	20
2020	Indigenous	9	7	18	23	43	0	0	16	67	35
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	15	14	24	38	1	3	22	64	1485
2020	First Nation	6	7	13	26	48	0	0	14	73	15
2020	Métis	10	7	22	21	40	0	0	17	61	20

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Global Affairs Canada by Question 113. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 72. Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination: I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored