2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada by Question 99. What is your current employee status?

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Table of contents

Top of page

Employee engagement

Employee engagement

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 31 39 13 10 7 0 0 69 17 4570
2024 Term 42 33 12 6 5 0 0 76 12 1515
2024 Casual 55 17 20 5 3 0 0 72 8 30
2024 Student 27 36 23 7 7 0 0 63 14 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 40 38 10 7 4 0 0 79 11 3800
2022 Term 52 31 10 5 2 0 0 83 7 1215
2022 Casual 61 28 6 1 4 0 0 89 5 180
2022 Student 51 37 10 2 0 0 0 87 2 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 40 38 12 7 3 0 0 78 10 4265
2020 Term 42 35 14 6 3 0 0 77 10 940
2020 Casual 70 22 4 2 2 0 0 92 4 280
2020 Student 39 51 5 5 0 0 0 90 5 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 38 40 10 6 5 0 0 79 11 3775
2019 Term 42 36 12 6 4 0 0 78 10 1035
2019 Casual 61 22 8 7 2 0 0 83 9 385
2019 Student 46 33 8 10 3 0 0 79 13 175

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 35 14 11 10 0 0 65 21 4570
2024 Term 36 31 14 10 8 1 0 68 18 1510
2024 Casual 32 38 15 5 7 2 0 71 13 30
2024 Student 40 46 14 0 0 0 0 86 0 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 38 35 11 9 7 0 0 73 15 3805
2022 Term 45 32 13 5 4 1 0 78 9 1220
2022 Casual 49 33 10 5 2 1 0 83 7 180
2022 Student 55 25 12 4 4 0 0 80 8 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 36 36 13 9 6 0 0 72 15 4250
2020 Term 42 32 15 8 4 0 0 74 11 940
2020 Casual 58 28 7 4 2 1 0 87 6 280
2020 Student 52 34 4 6 3 0 1 87 9 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 35 35 14 10 6 0 0 70 16 3755
2019 Term 34 34 16 8 7 0 0 68 15 1035
2019 Casual 52 25 14 6 3 0 0 77 9 380
2019 Student 47 36 6 8 2 1 0 84 10 170

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 45 34 11 5 4 0 0 79 9 4565
2024 Term 61 23 10 3 2 0 0 84 6 1505
2024 Casual 69 11 14 3 0 0 3 82 3 30
2024 Student 47 22 26 4 0 0 0 69 4 35
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 55 32 8 3 2 0 0 87 5 3800
2022 Term 63 26 8 3 1 0 0 89 4 1215
2022 Casual 66 24 8 0 1 0 0 90 2 180
2022 Student 54 37 8 0 2 0 0 90 2 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 55 32 9 3 2 0 0 86 5 4230
2020 Term 57 25 13 2 2 0 0 83 5 925
2020 Casual 76 18 5 1 1 0 0 94 2 280
2020 Student 49 40 5 5 0 0 0 90 5 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 55 31 9 3 2 0 0 86 5 3730
2019 Term 57 30 8 2 2 0 0 88 4 1030
2019 Casual 68 21 7 2 1 0 0 89 4 380
2019 Student 57 30 10 2 1 0 0 87 3 170

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 37 38 13 7 5 0 0 75 12 4570
2024 Term 55 26 11 4 3 0 0 81 8 1515
2024 Casual 63 14 13 5 5 0 0 78 10 30
2024 Student 44 38 8 10 0 0 0 82 10 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 45 37 10 5 3 0 0 82 8 3805
2022 Term 57 29 9 3 2 0 0 86 5 1220
2022 Casual 63 27 7 2 1 0 1 90 3 180
2022 Student 62 34 3 0 0 0 0 97 0 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 46 36 10 5 2 0 0 83 7 4260
2020 Term 50 33 10 4 2 0 0 84 6 940
2020 Casual 81 13 4 1 1 0 0 94 2 280
2020 Student 58 38 1 3 0 0 0 96 3 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 45 36 10 5 3 0 0 82 8 3775
2019 Term 51 33 10 4 2 0 0 84 6 1040
2019 Casual 70 19 7 2 1 0 0 89 3 385
2019 Student 51 33 8 6 2 1 0 84 8 170

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 33 16 11 9 1 0 64 19 4570
2024 Term 48 27 12 7 5 1 0 76 12 1515
2024 Casual 43 28 13 8 3 6 0 75 11 30
2024 Student 53 32 5 7 0 4 0 88 7 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 42 32 13 8 5 1 0 74 12 3800
2022 Term 58 25 8 5 2 0 0 84 7 1215
2022 Casual 63 27 5 2 3 1 0 91 4 180
2022 Student 71 25 1 3 0 0 0 96 3 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 31 12 5 3 0 0 79 9 4245
2020 Term 54 28 13 3 2 0 0 82 5 935
2020 Casual 82 12 4 1 1 0 0 95 2 280
2020 Student 74 17 8 1 0 0 0 91 1 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 45 31 14 5 4 1 0 77 10 3765
2019 Term 47 30 11 6 5 0 0 78 11 1035
2019 Casual 70 19 6 4 1 1 0 89 5 380
2019 Student 71 16 6 5 2 0 0 87 8 170

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 35 15 12 9 0 0 64 21 4570
2024 Term 44 30 11 7 6 1 0 75 14 1515
2024 Casual 51 23 13 8 3 2 0 76 11 30
2024 Student 57 34 9 0 0 0 0 91 0 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 39 34 13 9 5 0 0 74 13 3800
2022 Term 55 29 8 4 3 0 0 84 8 1215
2022 Casual 64 24 7 1 3 1 0 88 5 180
2022 Student 64 30 0 3 2 0 0 94 6 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 45 33 12 6 3 0 0 78 9 4245
2020 Term 51 31 11 5 2 0 0 82 7 930
2020 Casual 81 13 4 2 0 0 0 94 2 280
2020 Student 70 21 8 1 0 0 0 91 1 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 43 34 12 6 4 0 0 77 10 3750
2019 Term 46 31 12 7 4 0 0 77 11 1030
2019 Casual 68 20 7 4 1 0 0 88 5 380
2019 Student 68 22 3 5 2 0 0 90 7 175

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 31 28 16 11 9 4 0 61 21 4575
2024 Term 41 21 16 10 9 3 0 64 19 1515
2024 Casual 45 27 6 12 8 2 0 73 21 30
2024 Student 29 25 25 19 0 2 0 55 19 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 38 26 15 9 6 4 0 68 16 3800
2022 Term 41 22 18 8 6 5 1 66 15 1215
2022 Casual 51 19 14 5 4 5 2 75 10 180
2022 Student 42 23 14 12 4 5 0 69 17 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 43 26 15 8 5 2 0 71 14 4265
2020 Term 40 23 19 7 6 4 0 67 13 935
2020 Casual 59 21 11 4 2 2 1 82 7 285
2020 Student 48 22 18 5 3 4 0 73 8 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 42 25 16 9 6 2 0 68 16 3770
2019 Term 34 23 18 11 10 3 0 60 21 1040
2019 Casual 50 19 16 6 4 3 2 72 10 380
2019 Student 46 16 14 11 3 7 3 68 16 175
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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 45 27 12 5 4 1 6 77 10 4570
2024 Term 37 21 17 5 6 2 12 68 13 1510
2024 Casual 46 10 8 10 5 9 13 71 19 30
2024 Student 29 18 20 0 6 0 29 65 8 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 51 24 13 4 2 1 5 80 7 3800
2022 Term 36 26 15 4 4 3 13 73 9 1215
2022 Casual 35 20 14 4 5 7 15 71 11 180
2022 Student 36 17 24 4 4 0 16 63 9 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 50 25 13 4 3 1 4 79 7 4255
2020 Term 39 23 17 6 3 3 9 70 10 940
2020 Casual 44 17 15 5 0 3 16 74 7 285
2020 Student 36 25 19 7 3 3 8 69 10 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 51 25 13 4 3 1 3 79 7 3770
2019 Term 40 22 19 5 5 1 8 68 11 1040
2019 Casual 44 17 18 2 5 3 11 71 8 380
2019 Student 43 25 14 5 2 3 8 76 8 175

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 48 31 9 7 5 0 1 80 11 4560
2024 Term 59 25 7 4 3 1 1 85 7 1515
2024 Casual 51 30 3 2 8 0 6 86 11 30
2024 Student 61 29 3 2 2 0 3 93 4 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 51 31 8 6 4 1 1 83 9 3795
2022 Term 55 26 10 3 3 1 2 83 6 1215
2022 Casual 57 26 6 4 3 1 4 86 8 180
2022 Student 60 29 3 2 4 2 0 91 7 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 50 29 10 6 4 1 1 80 10 4265
2020 Term 54 26 10 5 3 1 1 82 8 940
2020 Casual 74 14 5 3 3 1 1 89 6 280
2020 Student 48 34 10 4 3 0 1 83 7 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 48 31 10 7 3 1 0 80 10 3760
2019 Term 54 26 10 5 3 1 1 81 8 1035
2019 Casual 64 23 6 3 3 1 1 88 6 380
2019 Student 58 23 9 4 3 2 1 83 7 170

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 52 27 9 6 6 0 0 80 11 4565
2024 Term 64 20 7 4 4 0 0 85 8 1515
2024 Casual 73 14 5 8 0 0 0 87 8 30
2024 Student 69 24 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 57 25 9 5 4 0 0 83 9 3800
2022 Term 63 23 6 4 3 0 0 86 7 1215
2022 Casual 67 19 8 2 3 0 2 88 4 180
2022 Student 71 17 8 5 0 0 0 87 5 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 56 26 9 5 4 0 0 82 9 4270
2020 Term 58 24 9 4 3 1 1 84 7 940
2020 Casual 75 17 3 2 2 1 1 93 4 285
2020 Student 61 28 4 5 1 0 0 89 7 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 54 27 9 6 3 0 0 81 9 3775
2019 Term 56 26 9 4 3 0 0 83 8 1040
2019 Casual 67 22 6 3 2 0 0 89 6 385
2019 Student 65 20 7 5 3 0 0 86 8 175

Senior management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 27 28 16 11 10 8 0 60 22 4575
2024 Term 43 23 15 4 4 10 2 74 9 1515
2024 Casual 40 24 11 7 3 13 2 75 12 30
2024 Student 55 19 0 0 0 24 3 100 0 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 33 29 14 8 6 9 0 69 15 3800
2022 Term 49 25 10 2 2 11 1 84 5 1215
2022 Casual 58 15 6 1 2 17 1 90 4 180
2022 Student 58 20 5 0 0 15 1 94 0 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 37 31 13 7 4 8 0 74 12 4270
2020 Term 45 24 12 3 3 12 1 79 7 940
2020 Casual 67 14 7 3 0 7 1 89 3 285
2020 Student 60 26 5 1 0 8 0 93 1 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 34 16 9 5 6 0 68 15 3765
2019 Term 40 28 13 5 5 8 1 75 10 1040
2019 Casual 54 24 8 1 1 11 1 89 1 385
2019 Student 63 15 6 2 0 13 1 90 3 175

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 22 26 18 15 16 3 0 49 32 4570
2024 Term 37 23 17 8 8 5 1 64 17 1510
2024 Casual 35 13 18 21 5 6 2 52 28 30
2024 Student 39 25 10 5 0 21 0 82 6 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 27 31 16 13 10 3 0 60 24 3800
2022 Term 45 29 11 5 4 5 1 79 9 1215
2022 Casual 53 23 8 2 4 10 1 84 6 180
2022 Student 52 30 4 3 0 9 1 92 4 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 35 33 15 8 6 3 0 70 15 4255
2020 Term 44 28 13 6 4 4 0 76 10 930
2020 Casual 66 18 7 2 0 5 1 90 3 280
2020 Student 58 27 9 4 0 1 0 87 4 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 35 17 11 6 2 0 64 18 3760
2019 Term 39 30 14 8 6 4 0 72 14 1040
2019 Casual 54 24 12 3 1 6 0 84 4 380
2019 Student 61 18 10 3 2 5 1 83 6 170

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 24 20 18 18 5 0 41 38 4570
2024 Term 31 22 19 10 9 9 1 59 20 1510
2024 Casual 30 12 23 16 8 9 2 47 27 30
2024 Student 29 20 20 10 0 20 0 62 13 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 27 18 16 12 6 0 51 30 3800
2022 Term 37 28 14 8 4 8 1 71 13 1215
2022 Casual 46 22 12 3 4 12 1 78 8 180
2022 Student 44 27 8 6 0 11 3 83 8 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 25 34 19 12 6 4 0 62 18 4255
2020 Term 36 27 17 8 4 7 0 69 13 935
2020 Casual 57 22 9 1 0 9 1 88 2 285
2020 Student 42 26 12 3 3 16 0 80 6 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 33 21 14 8 5 0 55 23 3760
2019 Term 30 28 20 9 6 7 1 63 15 1035
2019 Casual 47 23 14 3 1 10 1 80 5 380
2019 Student 45 24 9 4 1 17 1 83 6 175

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 26 18 19 19 2 0 43 39 4570
2024 Term 32 25 15 12 10 5 1 61 23 1515
2024 Casual 30 16 13 24 8 6 2 50 36 30
2024 Student 26 42 16 7 0 8 0 74 8 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 21 32 15 17 13 3 0 54 31 3800
2022 Term 38 29 13 10 5 4 1 70 17 1215
2022 Casual 49 27 9 4 4 7 1 82 9 180
2022 Student 48 28 10 5 0 8 1 84 5 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 24 36 16 15 7 2 0 61 22 4260
2020 Term 36 30 15 10 6 3 0 68 16 940
2020 Casual 56 25 8 4 1 6 0 86 6 285
2020 Student 44 36 10 3 1 5 0 85 4 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 18 33 18 18 10 2 0 52 29 3765
2019 Term 30 32 16 10 7 4 0 65 18 1040
2019 Casual 47 27 11 7 2 6 1 79 10 385
2019 Student 42 27 13 8 2 8 1 75 11 175
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Workforce

Performance management

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 35 15 11 11 0 0 63 22 4575
2024 Term 36 32 15 9 8 0 0 68 17 1515
2024 Casual 42 25 16 10 7 0 0 67 17 30
2024 Student 36 32 21 9 3 0 0 68 11 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 35 35 13 9 8 0 0 70 17 3805
2022 Term 44 30 15 6 4 1 0 75 10 1220
2022 Casual 53 25 13 3 3 1 1 80 7 180
2022 Student 59 26 9 0 6 0 0 85 6 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 33 36 13 11 7 0 0 70 17 4265
2020 Term 40 34 14 7 5 0 0 74 12 940
2020 Casual 54 33 7 5 1 0 0 87 6 285
2020 Student 58 27 8 4 0 1 1 88 4 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 38 14 11 6 0 0 68 18 3760
2019 Term 31 34 16 10 7 1 0 66 18 1035
2019 Casual 48 29 13 5 4 1 1 77 9 385
2019 Student 47 34 9 8 2 1 0 81 10 170

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 34 42 9 10 5 0 0 76 16 4570
2024 Term 55 33 5 5 2 0 0 88 7 1510
2024 Casual 48 39 2 5 6 0 0 87 11 30
2024 Student 51 35 5 8 0 0 0 86 8 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 39 42 8 9 3 0 0 80 12 3800
2022 Term 53 34 6 5 2 0 0 87 7 1215
2022 Casual 58 30 7 3 1 0 0 88 4 180
2022 Student 48 47 3 1 0 0 0 95 1 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 37 42 10 9 3 0 0 78 12 4240
2020 Term 49 34 9 7 2 0 0 83 8 940
2020 Casual 68 24 4 2 1 0 0 93 3 285
2020 Student 43 41 7 9 0 0 0 84 9 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 36 42 10 8 4 0 0 78 12 3745
2019 Term 45 39 8 6 2 0 0 84 8 1035
2019 Casual 62 26 6 4 2 0 0 88 5 380
2019 Student 43 37 9 7 4 0 0 80 11 170

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 44 31 10 8 5 0 0 76 14 4570
2024 Term 57 27 6 5 4 1 0 85 9 1515
2024 Casual 51 24 12 8 0 2 2 79 8 30
2024 Student 46 37 8 2 5 3 0 85 7 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 31 10 7 4 0 1 79 11 3800
2022 Term 53 28 8 5 4 0 1 82 10 1220
2022 Casual 53 26 9 6 5 1 1 80 11 180
2022 Student 53 22 16 5 2 0 1 76 7 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 31 11 7 4 0 0 78 11 4260
2020 Term 55 26 8 6 4 1 1 82 10 940
2020 Casual 64 18 8 6 1 1 1 84 8 280
2020 Student 40 36 10 8 1 0 4 80 9 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 45 31 12 8 4 0 0 77 12 3770
2019 Term 48 29 11 6 5 0 1 78 11 1040
2019 Casual 53 27 11 3 4 1 0 81 7 380
2019 Student 46 28 13 9 3 1 0 74 12 175

Job fit and development

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 27 39 13 13 8 0 0 66 21 4565
2024 Term 39 36 8 11 5 0 0 76 16 1510
2024 Casual 38 43 13 2 3 0 0 81 5 30
2024 Student 67 15 10 5 3 0 0 82 8 35
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 32 39 11 12 5 0 0 71 18 3800
2022 Term 40 38 8 10 3 0 0 79 13 1215
2022 Casual 51 35 8 3 3 0 0 86 6 180
2022 Student 57 31 7 5 0 0 0 88 5 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 34 40 11 11 4 0 0 74 14 4230
2020 Term 40 40 10 8 2 0 0 80 11 940
2020 Casual 60 29 5 4 1 0 0 90 5 280
2020 Student 47 42 3 8 1 0 0 88 9 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 29 41 12 12 6 0 0 70 18 3750
2019 Term 33 41 8 13 5 0 0 74 18 1035
2019 Casual 54 32 6 5 2 0 0 87 7 380
2019 Student 45 28 7 15 4 1 0 74 19 170

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 51 25 12 5 5 2 1 77 11 4565
2024 Term 58 22 10 4 4 2 0 81 9 1510
2024 Casual 49 18 14 5 3 0 11 76 8 30
2024 Student 65 15 10 0 5 6 0 84 5 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 54 24 10 4 4 2 1 81 9 3795
2022 Term 59 21 11 3 2 3 1 83 6 1215
2022 Casual 57 16 9 4 3 6 4 82 8 180
2022 Student 61 23 10 0 2 2 1 87 2 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 51 25 12 5 5 1 1 78 10 4250
2020 Term 53 23 12 6 4 2 1 78 9 935
2020 Casual 63 13 12 2 1 4 3 83 4 280
2020 Student 55 30 5 1 3 4 3 90 4 75

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 18 33 20 15 12 2 0 52 28 4570
2024 Term 30 27 16 11 12 2 0 59 24 1515
2024 Casual 36 23 16 0 20 6 0 62 21 30
2024 Student 49 18 20 5 0 9 0 73 5 35
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 25 36 16 12 8 2 0 63 21 3800
2022 Term 41 30 14 7 4 3 0 73 12 1215
2022 Casual 46 24 13 3 3 10 1 78 7 180
2022 Student 53 34 4 0 4 4 0 92 4 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 25 35 18 13 7 2 0 61 20 4255
2020 Term 35 30 16 10 5 4 0 67 16 935
2020 Casual 52 19 13 4 4 7 1 77 8 280
2020 Student 51 30 6 1 3 8 1 89 4 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 23 36 18 13 9 1 0 60 22 3760
2019 Term 30 33 16 9 9 2 0 65 19 1035
2019 Casual 41 24 14 7 4 7 2 72 12 380
2019 Student 51 27 9 2 4 6 1 84 7 175

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 39 23 16 8 9 1 5 41 59 4570
2024 Term 52 20 12 4 4 2 6 57 43 1510
2024 Casual 53 18 6 5 5 2 11 61 39 30
2024 Student 45 18 17 2 5 0 13 52 48 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 46 23 14 6 5 2 4 3800
2022 Term 53 21 10 2 3 2 8 1215
2022 Casual 50 17 8 2 2 4 17 180
2022 Student 57 16 12 3 1 1 10 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 24 14 7 5 1 3 4270
2020 Term 51 22 14 5 3 1 4 935
2020 Casual 70 15 5 2 0 1 6 285
2020 Student 56 25 9 3 0 1 6 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 25 15 6 4 1 3 3765
2019 Term 51 23 13 4 3 2 4 1040
2019 Casual 63 17 6 2 1 1 10 385
2019 Student 67 14 6 2 3 0 7 175

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 11 8 5 8 2 18 59 41 4570
2024 Term 50 11 9 5 7 4 14 61 39 1510
2024 Casual 42 3 2 5 7 0 40 70 30 30
2024 Student 57 11 0 2 4 0 27 77 23 40

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 63 11 7 3 4 6 8 73 27 4570
2024 Term 66 9 4 2 3 8 8 79 21 1510
2024 Casual 61 6 15 2 3 0 13 70 30 30
2024 Student 82 4 0 0 2 0 12 93 7 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 69 10 5 2 3 5 5 3795
2022 Term 72 7 3 2 1 7 8 1220
2022 Casual 70 5 1 1 1 7 14 180
2022 Student 85 5 0 0 2 0 8 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 72 10 5 3 3 4 4 4255
2020 Term 73 9 5 2 2 5 4 925
2020 Casual 86 3 3 1 0 2 5 280
2020 Student 91 4 1 0 0 0 4 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 74 9 5 2 3 4 3 3750
2019 Term 70 10 8 2 3 5 3 1035
2019 Casual 78 6 3 1 1 2 9 380
2019 Student 86 3 2 1 1 1 7 175

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 65 8 4 3 3 3 15 79 21 4565
2024 Term 67 7 4 2 2 5 13 82 18 1515
2024 Casual 56 21 5 5 0 0 13 65 35 30
2024 Student 71 9 4 0 0 0 16 84 16 40

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 53 13 8 5 7 3 12 62 38 4565
2024 Term 59 11 7 3 3 5 12 71 29 1510
2024 Casual 49 26 5 5 3 0 13 56 44 30
2024 Student 63 11 3 0 2 0 21 80 20 40

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 19 33 13 15 17 2 1 53 33 4565
2024 Term 23 26 13 16 19 3 1 51 36 1510
2024 Casual 25 23 11 8 20 5 9 55 32 30
2024 Student 17 15 14 29 14 3 7 37 47 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 34 11 12 11 2 1 64 24 3795
2022 Term 37 34 10 8 6 4 1 74 15 1220
2022 Casual 36 30 9 6 6 6 7 76 14 180
2022 Student 33 38 8 7 4 7 4 79 12 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 25 32 15 14 11 2 1 59 26 4270
2020 Term 32 29 14 12 7 4 1 64 20 940
2020 Casual 43 21 13 5 6 5 6 72 13 280
2020 Student 34 27 14 3 4 6 12 75 8 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 23 33 16 13 12 2 1 58 26 3775
2019 Term 30 30 14 11 13 2 0 62 24 1040
2019 Casual 37 19 13 10 8 7 6 65 20 385
2019 Student 43 26 10 3 4 5 9 80 9 170

Empowerment

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 27 38 13 12 10 0 0 65 22 4570
2024 Term 34 28 16 11 9 1 1 64 21 1510
2024 Casual 33 35 14 8 5 0 5 72 14 30
2024 Student 37 34 5 12 7 3 3 75 20 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 34 38 11 10 7 0 0 72 17 3795
2022 Term 38 33 14 8 6 1 1 72 14 1215
2022 Casual 40 29 18 6 4 1 3 71 11 180
2022 Student 41 22 20 9 4 2 2 66 14 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 35 39 13 8 5 0 0 74 13 4235
2020 Term 34 32 18 11 5 0 0 66 16 935
2020 Casual 41 33 15 6 2 1 3 77 8 285
2020 Student 36 34 18 8 1 0 3 72 9 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 35 38 13 9 6 0 0 72 15 3750
2019 Term 30 36 17 10 6 0 0 67 16 1030
2019 Casual 38 29 18 9 5 0 2 68 14 385
2019 Student 37 32 17 7 4 1 2 71 11 170

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 32 36 15 8 8 0 0 69 16 4565
2024 Term 40 28 16 8 6 1 1 69 15 1510
2024 Casual 50 21 10 9 8 2 0 72 18 30
2024 Student 50 22 17 5 0 0 7 77 5 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 42 34 13 7 5 0 0 76 12 3800
2022 Term 42 33 14 5 5 0 1 76 10 1215
2022 Casual 47 26 16 5 4 1 1 75 9 180
2022 Student 39 36 16 8 0 0 0 75 8 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 40 35 14 7 4 0 0 75 12 4250
2020 Term 38 31 16 9 5 0 0 69 15 935
2020 Casual 47 24 17 6 2 1 3 74 8 280
2020 Student 45 29 17 4 1 1 3 77 5 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 39 34 14 8 5 0 0 74 13 3760
2019 Term 34 32 17 9 6 1 0 67 16 1035
2019 Casual 43 26 17 8 4 0 1 71 12 385
2019 Student 44 33 13 7 3 0 0 77 10 170

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 31 37 15 10 7 0 1 68 17 4570
2024 Term 46 32 12 5 4 1 0 78 9 1515
2024 Casual 48 26 15 8 0 0 3 76 8 30
2024 Student 55 37 6 0 0 0 3 94 0 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 39 35 12 8 5 0 1 75 13 3800
2022 Term 48 34 11 4 2 0 0 83 6 1215
2022 Casual 55 32 8 2 2 0 0 87 4 180
2022 Student 53 34 11 0 0 2 0 88 0 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 35 40 13 7 4 0 0 76 11 4235
2020 Term 44 35 13 5 3 0 0 79 8 935
2020 Casual 59 31 6 2 0 0 1 91 2 280
2020 Student 45 42 8 1 0 3 1 91 1 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 34 41 12 9 4 0 0 75 13 3725
2019 Term 40 38 13 5 4 0 0 79 8 1030
2019 Casual 55 31 9 2 1 1 0 87 4 380
2019 Student 50 34 9 5 1 1 1 85 6 170

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 18 37 20 12 8 4 1 58 21 4565
2024 Term 23 32 20 11 6 7 2 60 19 1515
2024 Casual 19 36 18 15 3 6 5 61 19 30
2024 Student 22 43 13 11 0 7 3 73 12 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 25 39 17 9 5 5 0 68 15 3800
2022 Term 31 35 17 7 3 6 1 71 11 1215
2022 Casual 35 31 12 7 2 9 4 76 11 180
2022 Student 32 42 13 5 2 6 0 78 8 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 24 43 17 8 3 4 1 70 12 4250
2020 Term 27 38 18 6 3 7 1 70 10 935
2020 Casual 39 34 14 4 0 5 4 81 4 280
2020 Student 31 43 9 5 0 10 1 84 6 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 21 43 19 8 4 3 0 67 13 3765
2019 Term 23 39 21 7 5 4 1 65 13 1035
2019 Casual 33 32 16 6 4 8 2 72 10 380
2019 Student 36 34 13 9 1 5 1 75 11 170

Work-life balance and workload

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 33 32 11 11 12 0 0 65 24 4570
2024 Term 46 29 12 7 6 1 0 75 13 1515
2024 Casual 55 30 7 0 7 0 0 85 7 30
2024 Student 54 29 7 6 4 0 0 83 11 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 43 30 10 8 7 0 0 73 16 3800
2022 Term 54 28 9 4 3 0 1 83 8 1215
2022 Casual 66 23 5 5 2 1 0 89 6 180
2022 Student 78 13 5 3 0 0 0 92 3 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 42 32 11 10 5 0 0 74 15 4255
2020 Term 46 28 14 8 4 0 0 74 12 935
2020 Casual 64 22 9 3 1 1 0 87 4 280
2020 Student 62 20 12 7 0 0 0 82 7 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 44 31 10 9 6 0 0 75 15 3770
2019 Term 42 32 11 8 5 1 0 76 13 1035
2019 Casual 60 19 13 3 2 1 1 81 5 385
2019 Student 62 22 7 4 3 1 1 86 7 175

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 39 32 17 7 4 0 1 71 12 4575
2024 Term 62 26 8 2 1 0 1 89 3 1515
2024 Casual 56 29 13 2 0 0 0 85 2 30
2024 Student 81 13 3 0 0 0 3 97 0 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 38 30 16 9 6 0 1 68 15 3805
2022 Term 52 31 11 3 2 0 1 84 5 1220
2022 Casual 58 30 6 3 0 1 2 91 3 180
2022 Student 66 26 6 0 0 0 2 94 0 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 33 32 19 9 7 0 0 65 16 4250
2020 Term 52 31 10 5 1 0 1 84 6 935
2020 Casual 67 23 6 1 1 1 0 92 2 280
2020 Student 58 35 6 0 0 0 0 94 0 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 36 32 19 8 4 0 1 68 13 3745
2019 Term 55 29 11 3 1 0 1 85 4 1030
2019 Casual 73 20 6 1 0 0 0 93 1 380
2019 Student 73 20 5 2 1 0 1 93 2 170

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 59 23 7 3 4 2 2 85 8 4570
2024 Term 60 19 7 3 5 2 4 84 9 1510
2024 Casual 60 5 3 0 12 11 9 81 15 30
2024 Student 66 20 3 3 0 8 0 94 3 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 62 21 7 2 3 2 2 87 5 3800
2022 Term 60 19 8 2 2 5 4 86 5 1215
2022 Casual 71 13 6 3 2 3 2 88 5 180
2022 Student 70 15 8 4 0 2 2 88 4 60

Mobility and retention

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Unsure
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 37 31 32 4570
2024 Term 44 32 24 1515
2024 Casual 43 25 33 30
2024 Student 66 9 24 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 38 31 30 3805
2022 Term 49 27 25 1215
2022 Casual 43 28 29 180
2022 Student 60 16 24 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 27 38 35 4270
2020 Term 28 30 41 940
2020 Casual 15 52 33 280
2020 Student 29 21 51 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 34 36 3780
2019 Term 32 29 38 1040
2019 Casual 29 40 31 385
2019 Student 46 17 38 175

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic To retire
(%)		 To pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)		 End of my term, casual or student employment
(%)		 Other reason
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 49 25 6 0 8 1700
2024 Term 1 48 19 4 24 5 670
2024 Casual 0 0 0 0 93 7 15
2024 Student 0 0 4 2 94 0 25
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 55 22 6 0 8 1455
2022 Term 0 62 16 4 11 7 585
2022 Casual 2 22 11 2 59 3 80
2022 Student 0 12 8 3 75 3 35
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 53 28 3 0 6 1170
2020 Term 1 49 30 5 9 6 265
2020 Casual 0 9 10 9 69 3 40
2020 Student 0 5 0 9 86 0 20
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 50 28 5 0 7 1155
2019 Term 2 45 33 6 7 6 335
2019 Casual 2 5 10 7 75 2 115
2019 Student 0 5 3 3 89 1 80
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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 43 39 8 6 4 0 0 82 9 4565
2024 Term 58 30 5 3 3 0 0 89 6 1510
2024 Casual 66 18 2 11 3 0 0 84 14 30
2024 Student 53 40 3 5 0 0 0 93 5 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 52 35 6 4 2 0 0 88 6 3800
2022 Term 63 29 4 2 2 0 0 92 4 1215
2022 Casual 63 28 5 3 1 0 0 91 4 180
2022 Student 62 31 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 51 37 7 3 1 0 0 88 5 4240
2020 Term 57 30 7 3 2 0 0 87 5 930
2020 Casual 69 21 6 2 1 0 0 91 3 280
2020 Student 53 36 3 6 1 0 0 90 8 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 48 38 8 4 2 0 0 86 6 3745
2019 Term 53 34 7 4 2 0 0 87 6 1030
2019 Casual 66 23 5 4 1 0 0 90 5 385
2019 Student 54 33 7 4 1 0 0 88 5 170

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 18 40 17 14 9 1 0 59 24 4565
2024 Term 35 36 13 9 5 2 0 72 14 1515
2024 Casual 34 30 14 16 3 3 0 66 19 30
2024 Student 39 45 7 8 0 0 0 85 8 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 27 44 14 9 4 1 0 72 14 3800
2022 Term 42 39 10 5 2 1 0 83 7 1215
2022 Casual 47 38 7 3 1 4 0 88 5 180
2022 Student 58 33 3 2 0 3 0 94 2 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 45 14 7 2 1 0 76 9 4260
2020 Term 42 39 11 5 1 1 0 82 6 940
2020 Casual 60 28 8 2 0 1 0 89 2 285
2020 Student 51 34 5 6 0 4 0 88 7 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 46 15 8 2 1 0 74 10 3765
2019 Term 35 43 13 5 2 1 0 79 7 1035
2019 Casual 51 32 11 3 1 2 0 84 5 385
2019 Student 51 35 8 3 1 2 0 88 4 175

Organizational performance

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 29 30 12 6 0 3 18 50 4565
2024 Term 10 21 31 17 14 2 6 34 33 1510
2024 Casual 18 18 12 24 14 4 10 44 42 30
2024 Student 15 15 26 21 14 3 6 39 33 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 15 27 34 14 7 1 2 22 43 3795
2022 Term 7 19 31 22 14 1 6 38 28 1215
2022 Casual 5 11 31 22 20 3 8 47 18 180
2022 Student 6 10 27 21 29 0 7 54 17 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 26 35 18 7 0 1 25 40 4265
2020 Term 6 20 28 24 16 2 3 43 28 935
2020 Casual 1 8 27 28 32 1 2 62 10 280
2020 Student 1 12 32 29 23 1 1 53 14 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 26 36 18 7 1 1 25 39 3765
2019 Term 9 20 30 22 15 1 4 39 30 1035
2019 Casual 3 15 23 29 26 2 3 58 19 380
2019 Student 8 14 26 26 23 2 3 51 23 170

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 17 24 30 15 7 1 6 24 44 4555
2024 Term 6 13 21 22 19 4 15 51 23 1505
2024 Casual 13 10 35 6 17 4 15 29 28 30
2024 Student 12 10 20 17 27 4 11 51 25 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 22 31 18 9 2 5 30 37 3785
2022 Term 6 11 23 25 18 5 13 52 20 1210
2022 Casual 5 11 18 18 26 6 16 57 20 180
2022 Student 6 6 16 14 37 5 15 64 16 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 20 34 21 10 2 2 33 32 4245
2020 Term 5 12 25 24 21 6 7 51 20 935
2020 Casual 1 3 14 31 40 6 5 80 4 280
2020 Student 3 8 22 41 18 5 3 64 11 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 22 32 20 10 2 3 31 35 3755
2019 Term 8 14 26 22 17 6 7 45 25 1025
2019 Casual 4 9 17 19 38 7 6 66 15 380
2019 Student 6 12 22 22 28 3 8 56 20 170

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 15 19 31 21 10 1 4 33 35 4555
2024 Term 6 8 18 26 27 3 12 63 16 1500
2024 Casual 8 15 27 8 25 2 15 40 27 30
2024 Student 0 5 13 30 36 3 14 78 6 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 19 31 20 12 1 4 34 33 3790
2022 Term 4 6 20 28 27 3 12 65 12 1210
2022 Casual 4 3 16 26 33 7 11 72 8 175
2022 Student 1 3 6 26 59 0 5 89 5 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 18 31 25 12 1 2 38 30 4240
2020 Term 4 8 21 26 32 2 6 64 14 930
2020 Casual 1 3 12 25 53 2 4 84 4 280
2020 Student 0 3 11 35 44 4 4 86 3 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 18 35 23 13 1 2 36 28 3745
2019 Term 5 8 21 32 24 2 8 62 15 1030
2019 Casual 2 4 11 28 49 2 5 82 6 375
2019 Student 2 5 9 27 51 1 5 83 7 170

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 18 22 26 18 11 1 5 30 42 4550
2024 Term 7 11 18 22 26 3 12 57 22 1505
2024 Casual 8 20 16 16 21 2 16 46 34 30
2024 Student 2 0 23 19 30 3 22 66 3 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 20 27 19 14 1 5 35 36 3785
2022 Term 5 9 19 25 29 3 11 62 15 1210
2022 Casual 1 5 16 24 31 8 16 71 8 180
2022 Student 3 4 10 14 59 1 9 81 8 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 21 29 22 12 1 2 35 35 4245
2020 Term 6 10 21 25 30 2 6 59 18 935
2020 Casual 0 4 14 25 49 4 4 81 4 280
2020 Student 0 8 9 20 57 3 4 82 8 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 21 28 21 12 1 2 34 37 3750
2019 Term 7 14 21 24 26 2 7 54 23 1030
2019 Casual 2 4 11 25 49 4 5 80 7 380
2019 Student 4 6 12 18 48 2 9 75 11 170

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 15 27 24 14 3 7 43 27 4555
2024 Term 6 10 17 20 22 12 14 56 21 1505
2024 Casual 10 13 19 11 12 17 17 35 35 30
2024 Student 8 0 22 5 42 12 11 61 10 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 19 26 19 14 4 5 36 35 3790
2022 Term 7 13 18 18 22 12 11 52 25 1215
2022 Casual 3 9 13 16 26 15 17 63 17 175
2022 Student 6 6 18 13 33 9 15 60 16 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 15 28 28 16 3 3 46 24 4240
2020 Term 8 12 17 22 26 10 6 57 23 935
2020 Casual 4 4 13 24 38 12 5 74 10 280
2020 Student 3 4 13 22 41 16 1 76 8 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 20 28 23 13 2 2 37 34 3750
2019 Term 12 16 23 20 18 5 6 43 31 1035
2019 Casual 8 12 16 15 32 10 6 56 24 375
2019 Student 5 10 8 17 41 14 6 72 18 170

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 15 21 32 17 9 2 5 27 39 4560
2024 Term 7 12 23 20 22 6 10 50 22 1505
2024 Casual 15 16 16 19 14 7 13 41 38 30
2024 Student 4 4 16 27 32 4 13 72 9 35
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 21 32 17 11 3 4 31 35 3785
2022 Term 7 11 23 20 23 6 10 51 22 1210
2022 Casual 3 9 19 14 31 7 17 59 17 180
2022 Student 7 4 16 22 38 2 11 69 13 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 19 33 22 11 2 2 35 30 4235
2020 Term 6 14 23 25 24 4 5 53 22 935
2020 Casual 1 4 15 27 42 5 6 78 5 280
2020 Student 4 4 21 31 28 8 4 67 9 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 20 35 20 11 2 2 32 31 3745
2019 Term 6 12 28 23 21 4 6 49 20 1035
2019 Casual 4 8 17 21 39 6 5 67 14 380
2019 Student 5 8 18 20 36 7 6 64 15 170

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 19 33 21 12 1 3 34 31 4560
2024 Term 10 19 30 16 16 2 6 35 32 1510
2024 Casual 10 33 12 13 21 6 5 39 48 30
2024 Student 7 21 30 19 11 3 8 35 31 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 13 34 26 17 1 3 45 20 3795
2022 Term 5 14 29 22 21 2 8 48 20 1215
2022 Casual 2 9 26 21 28 4 10 58 12 180
2022 Student 3 6 34 23 29 0 5 55 10 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 23 37 20 10 0 1 30 32 4255
2020 Term 7 19 32 22 18 2 1 40 26 940
2020 Casual 3 10 26 28 30 1 3 60 13 280
2020 Student 4 13 37 28 18 0 0 46 17 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 18 35 24 12 1 1 37 28 3755
2019 Term 8 16 31 24 16 1 4 42 25 1035
2019 Casual 5 11 27 22 30 3 3 55 16 380
2019 Student 5 8 28 22 34 1 3 58 13 170

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 25 18 24 23 1 0 34 47 4570
2024 Term 24 30 18 15 11 2 0 55 27 1510
2024 Casual 30 17 16 20 13 3 0 49 34 30
2024 Student 35 36 8 6 5 10 0 79 12 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 15 34 17 19 12 2 0 50 32 3800
2022 Term 28 36 16 10 6 3 1 67 17 1215
2022 Casual 43 28 10 4 5 8 0 78 11 180
2022 Student 38 38 4 8 4 7 0 82 13 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 41 18 14 5 2 0 62 19 4245
2020 Term 32 37 16 8 4 3 0 71 12 935
2020 Casual 57 28 8 4 0 4 0 88 4 280
2020 Student 47 30 9 4 1 8 0 84 6 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 37 21 17 7 2 0 54 24 3755
2019 Term 25 38 17 11 6 3 0 65 17 1030
2019 Casual 44 30 12 6 3 5 0 78 9 380
2019 Student 41 28 16 6 2 7 0 75 9 175

Diversity and inclusion

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 50 29 8 7 6 1 0 80 12 4560
2024 Term 60 24 6 4 4 1 0 86 8 1510
2024 Casual 66 11 5 12 3 0 3 80 16 30
2024 Student 78 17 0 5 0 0 0 95 5 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 56 26 7 6 4 2 0 84 9 3795
2022 Term 60 24 7 5 2 2 1 86 6 1215
2022 Casual 68 19 5 3 3 2 0 89 6 180
2022 Student 63 24 5 4 2 0 1 89 6 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 51 28 9 7 4 1 0 81 11 4245
2020 Term 55 25 10 5 4 1 0 81 9 935
2020 Casual 72 17 4 3 1 2 0 91 5 285
2020 Student 68 22 0 5 0 5 0 95 5 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 49 29 9 8 5 1 0 79 13 3760
2019 Term 52 26 9 6 5 1 0 79 12 1035
2019 Casual 64 22 7 4 3 1 0 86 7 380
2019 Student 71 15 5 6 2 1 1 87 8 175

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 55 31 6 5 3 0 0 87 8 4560
2024 Term 67 22 4 4 1 1 0 91 5 1510
2024 Casual 69 23 0 5 3 0 0 92 8 30
2024 Student 77 21 2 0 0 0 0 98 0 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 61 29 4 4 2 0 0 90 6 3790
2022 Term 68 23 4 3 2 0 0 92 4 1215
2022 Casual 73 22 1 2 2 0 0 95 3 180
2022 Student 68 30 0 1 0 0 1 99 1 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 58 30 6 4 2 0 0 89 5 4235
2020 Term 64 24 6 3 2 0 0 89 5 935
2020 Casual 77 17 3 2 1 0 0 94 3 280
2020 Student 77 15 3 3 1 1 0 93 4 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 52 33 6 6 3 0 0 85 9 3760
2019 Term 56 30 6 4 3 0 0 87 7 1035
2019 Casual 67 26 3 3 1 0 0 94 4 380
2019 Student 76 18 2 3 1 0 0 94 4 170

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 46 34 10 5 3 1 0 82 8 4565
2024 Term 52 29 10 3 2 3 1 84 5 1510
2024 Casual 49 15 16 9 0 5 6 72 10 30
2024 Student 78 15 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 52 32 9 3 2 2 0 86 5 3795
2022 Term 54 27 11 2 2 4 1 85 3 1215
2022 Casual 63 17 9 1 2 6 3 87 3 180
2022 Student 57 29 8 2 0 0 4 89 2 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 49 33 11 4 2 1 0 83 5 4225
2020 Term 49 30 13 3 2 3 1 82 4 930
2020 Casual 63 21 7 2 1 4 3 89 3 280
2020 Student 55 36 3 3 0 1 3 95 3 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 35 11 4 3 1 0 83 6 3765
2019 Term 44 34 12 4 2 2 1 81 6 1040
2019 Casual 58 25 11 3 1 2 1 85 3 385
2019 Student 60 24 9 3 1 1 2 87 4 175

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 38 15 8 8 3 0 68 17 4565
2024 Term 45 31 11 5 4 3 0 79 10 1510
2024 Casual 46 31 2 6 7 2 5 83 14 30
2024 Student 40 42 7 6 0 3 3 87 6 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 35 37 13 7 5 3 0 74 13 3800
2022 Term 50 32 8 4 2 4 0 85 6 1215
2022 Casual 60 26 5 2 2 3 1 90 5 180
2022 Student 61 29 6 1 2 1 0 91 4 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 38 38 13 6 3 2 0 78 9 4245
2020 Term 49 34 9 4 2 2 0 84 6 935
2020 Casual 72 18 4 3 0 2 1 93 3 280
2020 Student 61 33 4 0 0 1 1 96 0 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 40 38 12 5 3 1 0 79 9 3750
2019 Term 45 36 10 5 3 1 0 82 8 1030
2019 Casual 59 27 8 2 1 2 1 89 3 375
2019 Student 65 25 6 2 1 0 0 90 3 170

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 34 38 12 5 4 5 1 77 10 4570
2024 Term 48 31 11 2 2 4 1 84 5 1510
2024 Casual 59 18 8 0 5 6 5 86 5 30
2024 Student 48 36 6 3 2 5 0 89 5 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 39 37 10 5 3 5 1 80 9 3800
2022 Term 49 31 10 3 2 5 1 85 5 1215
2022 Casual 59 23 7 2 2 6 1 88 4 180
2022 Student 50 37 6 0 2 5 0 92 2 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 42 36 12 4 3 3 0 81 7 4255
2020 Term 50 30 11 3 1 4 1 84 4 935
2020 Casual 71 16 5 2 0 5 1 92 3 280
2020 Student 55 27 5 1 0 12 0 93 1 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 34 11 3 2 2 0 83 5 3755
2019 Term 51 29 11 4 2 2 1 82 6 1030
2019 Casual 62 22 8 1 1 5 1 89 2 380
2019 Student 69 17 8 1 1 3 1 90 2 175

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 39 38 10 8 6 0 0 77 13 4575
2024 Term 58 28 7 4 2 1 0 86 7 1515
2024 Casual 53 29 12 0 3 2 0 85 3 30
2024 Student 71 26 3 0 0 0 0 97 0 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 36 7 5 3 0 0 84 8 3800
2022 Term 65 27 4 2 1 0 0 93 3 1215
2022 Casual 69 24 4 1 2 1 0 94 2 180
2022 Student 71 25 0 2 2 0 0 96 4 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 54 32 8 4 2 0 0 86 5 4255
2020 Term 65 24 6 2 1 0 0 90 4 935
2020 Casual 83 12 3 2 0 0 0 95 2 280
2020 Student 78 17 3 1 0 1 0 96 1 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 51 34 9 4 2 0 0 85 7 3770
2019 Term 58 30 7 3 2 0 0 88 5 1040
2019 Casual 74 19 5 1 0 1 0 94 2 380
2019 Student 78 16 4 2 0 0 0 94 2 170

Anti-racism

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 36 27 12 7 7 6 5 70 16 4565
2024 Term 39 23 13 5 5 8 5 72 13 1515
2024 Casual 49 30 3 10 3 2 2 83 14 30
2024 Student 53 26 3 7 3 3 6 87 10 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 42 26 10 7 5 6 4 76 13 3800
2022 Term 40 25 11 4 4 11 5 77 10 1215
2022 Casual 36 18 11 4 5 17 9 73 12 180
2022 Student 41 36 5 2 3 8 5 88 7 60

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 34 27 12 8 7 7 5 69 17 4570
2024 Term 38 22 15 6 5 8 6 70 13 1510
2024 Casual 52 23 3 10 3 7 2 82 14 30
2024 Student 43 31 9 3 3 5 6 84 6 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 39 26 12 7 5 6 5 74 13 3800
2022 Term 39 25 11 6 4 10 6 75 12 1215
2022 Casual 36 17 12 2 8 15 9 71 14 180
2022 Student 38 32 7 7 3 8 5 81 12 60

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 30 22 5 3 9 2 66 9 4565
2024 Term 42 23 15 4 2 12 2 75 7 1515
2024 Casual 51 23 7 6 0 6 8 85 7 30
2024 Student 39 27 12 9 0 10 3 75 11 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 36 32 19 4 2 6 1 73 6 3800
2022 Term 42 23 16 4 2 11 2 75 7 1220
2022 Casual 48 23 9 1 2 15 2 86 3 180
2022 Student 38 27 23 2 2 7 1 72 4 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 46 34 12 3 2 2 0 82 5 4260
2020 Term 49 32 9 3 3 3 0 84 6 940
2020 Casual 68 17 6 1 1 7 1 92 2 280
2020 Student 51 30 9 0 0 8 1 90 0 75

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 35 32 10 7 7 6 4 74 16 4570
2024 Term 44 27 10 6 4 5 3 77 11 1515
2024 Casual 57 15 3 17 3 2 2 76 21 30
2024 Student 58 27 7 6 0 0 2 87 6 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 41 30 10 6 5 5 3 76 12 3795
2022 Term 45 28 10 4 3 6 3 81 9 1215
2022 Casual 45 23 8 4 3 9 9 82 9 180
2022 Student 41 39 7 3 2 6 3 88 5 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 43 31 11 6 4 4 2 78 11 4250
2020 Term 46 27 10 6 5 5 1 78 11 935
2020 Casual 64 21 6 3 1 3 2 89 5 285
2020 Student 45 27 12 4 1 5 5 81 6 75

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 22 24 6 6 25 5 48 17 4570
2024 Term 20 17 20 3 2 31 8 59 8 1510
2024 Casual 29 18 9 3 6 27 8 71 14 30
2024 Student 8 11 7 3 3 60 8 60 18 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 25 22 5 4 25 3 57 12 3790
2022 Term 19 18 18 2 2 34 6 63 7 1215
2022 Casual 24 12 11 3 0 38 12 71 6 180
2022 Student 15 17 16 0 4 38 9 62 7 60

Question 72. Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination: I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 3 9 18 15 40 13 2 14 65 165
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 1 6 22 19 36 16 0 9 65 110
2022 Term 7 0 17 14 39 11 12 9 69 20
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 2 7 24 17 39 12 0 9 64 125

Ethical workplace

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 25 30 18 8 7 7 5 63 17 4560
2024 Term 34 27 16 5 4 8 7 71 11 1510
2024 Casual 35 26 13 10 3 2 10 70 14 30
2024 Student 45 18 7 5 0 5 19 84 6 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 30 15 6 5 8 6 70 12 3795
2022 Term 34 26 15 4 3 12 7 74 8 1215
2022 Casual 43 18 12 4 2 11 9 77 7 180
2022 Student 31 34 9 3 0 11 12 84 4 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 29 30 18 7 4 6 5 67 13 4255
2020 Term 34 25 20 5 3 7 6 68 9 935
2020 Casual 52 18 14 2 2 8 3 80 5 280
2020 Student 36 18 12 3 1 18 12 78 6 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 31 30 16 9 6 5 2 67 16 3760
2019 Term 34 28 15 7 6 7 4 70 14 1035
2019 Casual 49 22 11 4 3 6 5 80 7 380
2019 Student 46 18 10 4 4 8 11 78 10 170

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 37 14 9 7 3 1 68 17 4565
2024 Term 39 31 11 7 6 4 2 75 14 1515
2024 Casual 40 28 14 10 3 0 5 72 14 30
2024 Student 39 21 12 13 8 6 3 64 23 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 33 37 13 8 4 3 1 73 13 3795
2022 Term 39 33 12 6 4 3 2 77 11 1215
2022 Casual 49 25 11 4 5 6 1 79 10 180
2022 Student 40 38 8 12 0 1 1 80 12 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 37 38 12 7 3 2 1 77 11 4255
2020 Term 40 30 12 8 4 4 1 74 14 940
2020 Casual 59 23 6 4 2 3 4 87 6 280
2020 Student 41 25 17 5 3 5 4 72 9 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 36 38 12 8 4 2 1 76 12 3770
2019 Term 37 33 13 8 5 2 0 72 14 1035
2019 Casual 49 26 10 5 3 3 3 81 9 385
2019 Student 45 20 12 10 5 5 3 71 16 175

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 38 18 8 7 2 0 67 14 4565
2024 Term 43 34 14 3 3 2 0 79 7 1510
2024 Casual 40 35 16 2 3 3 0 78 5 30
2024 Student 42 36 16 4 0 3 0 80 4 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 33 38 17 6 4 2 0 72 11 3790
2022 Term 46 35 12 3 2 2 1 83 5 1210
2022 Casual 59 27 8 2 2 2 0 88 3 180
2022 Student 50 36 8 4 0 3 0 88 4 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 37 38 15 5 3 1 0 77 8 4250
2020 Term 48 32 14 4 2 2 0 80 6 935
2020 Casual 71 19 7 1 1 1 0 91 3 280
2020 Student 56 31 6 0 1 5 0 92 1 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 33 38 19 6 3 1 0 71 10 3750
2019 Term 41 34 15 5 4 2 0 76 9 1035
2019 Casual 56 25 11 3 1 3 1 85 3 380
2019 Student 53 28 13 3 2 2 0 82 5 175

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 17 23 18 14 15 11 2 47 33 4565
2024 Term 30 25 16 7 9 10 2 63 19 1510
2024 Casual 29 22 11 13 7 7 12 63 24 30
2024 Student 38 25 15 3 4 8 7 75 8 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 21 24 17 12 11 12 3 52 28 3800
2022 Term 33 26 16 6 5 12 2 68 13 1215
2022 Casual 42 21 12 2 4 16 3 78 7 180
2022 Student 41 23 9 5 2 12 9 80 9 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 21 23 19 13 10 10 2 51 27 4245
2020 Term 32 23 17 8 6 12 2 64 16 930
2020 Casual 55 19 13 2 2 8 2 81 5 285
2020 Student 42 27 10 1 3 10 6 83 5 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 23 21 15 10 9 2 48 29 3760
2019 Term 26 23 20 10 9 9 3 56 22 1035
2019 Casual 43 19 14 5 3 12 3 73 10 385
2019 Student 42 18 9 7 4 13 8 75 13 170

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 34 44 5 11 6 0 0 78 17 4570
2024 Term 53 36 3 6 1 0 0 89 7 1515
2024 Casual 56 39 2 0 3 0 0 95 3 30
2024 Student 62 31 0 3 4 0 0 93 7 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 45 41 3 8 3 0 0 86 11 3800
2022 Term 59 33 3 4 1 0 0 93 5 1220
2022 Casual 66 30 0 3 0 0 0 96 4 180
2022 Student 66 29 0 5 0 0 0 95 5 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 34 46 5 12 3 0 0 80 15 4265
2020 Term 47 37 4 10 2 0 0 84 12 940
2020 Casual 61 28 2 8 1 0 0 89 9 285
2020 Student 60 31 5 4 0 0 0 91 4 75

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 27 30 9 16 17 0 1 57 33 4565
2024 Term 46 27 9 10 6 0 1 75 16 1510
2024 Casual 60 15 3 17 3 0 2 77 20 30
2024 Student 44 37 3 7 9 0 0 81 16 35
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 49 31 7 7 4 1 1 81 12 3800
2022 Term 61 28 4 4 2 0 1 90 5 1210
2022 Casual 65 22 4 3 3 1 3 91 6 180
2022 Student 65 27 6 0 0 0 2 94 0 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 37 37 10 11 4 0 1 75 15 4260
2020 Term 44 33 10 9 4 0 1 78 12 940
2020 Casual 65 23 5 5 2 0 1 88 7 280
2020 Student 47 42 5 3 0 0 4 92 3 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 43 35 7 10 5 0 0 78 15 3765
2019 Term 48 35 7 7 3 0 0 83 10 1040
2019 Casual 66 24 4 4 2 0 0 90 6 380
2019 Student 70 20 4 5 2 0 0 90 6 175

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 35 37 12 9 6 0 0 73 16 4565
2024 Term 48 33 9 6 3 0 0 81 9 1510
2024 Casual 62 17 5 13 3 0 0 79 16 30
2024 Student 69 13 7 0 10 0 0 82 10 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 48 33 9 6 3 0 1 82 9 3795
2022 Term 57 31 6 4 2 0 0 88 5 1215
2022 Casual 67 22 6 2 0 1 1 92 2 180
2022 Student 82 15 0 1 0 0 2 99 1 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 43 37 9 7 3 0 1 80 10 4220
2020 Term 48 34 8 7 2 0 0 82 9 930
2020 Casual 73 18 5 3 1 0 0 92 4 280
2020 Student 69 23 3 3 0 1 1 95 3 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 45 35 10 7 3 0 0 81 9 3735
2019 Term 47 36 9 6 2 0 0 83 8 1025
2019 Casual 66 24 5 3 2 0 0 90 5 380
2019 Student 68 22 6 2 1 0 1 91 3 175

Use of official languages

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 67 18 5 6 3 0 1 86 9 4570
2024 Term 78 11 4 3 1 0 2 91 5 1510
2024 Casual 75 7 5 3 2 0 7 88 6 30
2024 Student 83 14 0 3 0 0 0 97 3 35

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 63 18 6 7 5 0 1 82 12 4565
2024 Term 73 14 4 3 2 0 3 91 5 1510
2024 Casual 78 12 0 0 2 0 7 97 3 30
2024 Student 78 18 0 3 2 0 0 95 5 40

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 81 11 3 2 2 0 2 94 4 4570
2024 Term 85 8 2 0 1 1 3 96 2 1515
2024 Casual 86 0 0 2 2 0 10 95 5 30
2024 Student 87 11 0 2 0 0 0 98 2 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 82 9 3 2 2 0 2 94 3 3805
2022 Term 83 9 2 1 1 1 3 95 2 1215
2022 Casual 80 8 1 2 3 2 4 94 5 180
2022 Student 90 7 0 0 2 0 1 98 2 60
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 81 11 4 2 2 0 1 93 4 3755
2019 Term 82 9 4 2 2 0 2 93 3 1035
2019 Casual 84 9 3 1 1 0 2 95 2 380
2019 Student 82 8 3 1 2 1 3 93 3 170

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 42 27 16 5 3 6 1 75 8 4575
2024 Term 54 19 9 3 2 9 3 83 6 1515
2024 Casual 60 9 6 2 5 13 5 84 9 30
2024 Student 39 33 10 9 0 10 0 79 10 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 42 27 15 5 3 8 2 76 8 3800
2022 Term 45 19 11 5 3 14 3 78 9 1215
2022 Casual 48 15 8 4 2 19 4 82 8 180
2022 Student 51 21 7 0 0 20 1 91 0 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 44 26 15 5 3 6 1 75 8 4265
2020 Term 56 18 11 3 2 9 2 82 5 940
2020 Casual 42 14 7 3 3 24 6 81 9 285
2020 Student 44 17 14 5 1 16 3 75 8 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 42 24 16 6 3 7 1 73 10 3775
2019 Term 57 18 8 4 4 8 1 84 8 1035
2019 Casual 48 11 9 4 2 21 6 81 8 385
2019 Student 58 16 8 3 2 12 1 85 6 170

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 4570
2024 Term 7 93 1515
2024 Student 0 100 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 90 3800
2022 Term 6 94 1215
2022 Casual 4 96 180
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 91 4265
2020 Term 8 92 940
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 3770
2019 Term 11 89 1040
2019 Casual 4 96 385
2019 Student 3 97 175

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 41 59 495
2024 Term 42 58 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 38 62 360
2022 Term 65 35 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 43 57 400
2020 Term 57 43 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 50 50 435
2019 Term 59 41 110
2019 Casual 62 38 15

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 66 34 495
2024 Term 59 41 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 66 34 360
2022 Term 50 50 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 65 35 400
2020 Term 47 53 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 64 36 435
2019 Term 55 45 110
2019 Casual 31 69 15

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 495
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 360
2022 Term 4 96 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 91 400
2020 Term 0 100 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 435
2019 Term 4 96 110

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 0 100 495
2024 Term 0 100 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 0 100 360
2022 Term 0 100 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 0 100 400
2020 Term 0 100 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 0 100 435
2019 Term 0 100 110
2019 Casual 0 100 15

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 495
2024 Term 7 93 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 360
2022 Term 4 96 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 400
2020 Term 9 91 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 3 97 435

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 495
2024 Term 9 91 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 360
2022 Term 7 93 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 400
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 435
2019 Term 6 94 110
2019 Casual 0 100 15

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 495
2024 Term 11 89 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 360
2022 Term 2 98 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 400
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 3 97 435
2019 Casual 0 100 15

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 34 66 495
2024 Term 27 73 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 26 74 360
2022 Term 37 63 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 40 60 400
2020 Term 29 71 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 32 68 425
2019 Term 30 70 105

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 44 56 495
2024 Term 40 60 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 39 61 360
2022 Term 31 69 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 37 63 400
2020 Term 34 66 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 38 62 425
2019 Term 39 61 105
2019 Casual 41 59 15

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 48 52 495
2024 Term 37 63 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 44 56 360
2022 Term 42 58 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 53 400
2020 Term 39 61 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 53 425
2019 Term 37 63 105

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 40 60 495
2024 Term 45 55 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 41 59 360
2022 Term 41 59 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 46 54 400
2020 Term 42 58 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 43 57 425
2019 Term 44 56 105
2019 Casual 45 55 15

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 33 67 495
2024 Term 25 75 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 70 360
2022 Term 25 75 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 29 71 400
2020 Term 24 76 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 70 425
2019 Term 23 77 105

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 52 48 495
2024 Term 56 44 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 51 49 360
2022 Term 51 49 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 52 48 400
2020 Term 52 48 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 53 47 425
2019 Term 50 50 105
2019 Casual 51 49 15

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 33 67 495
2024 Term 32 68 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 31 69 360
2022 Term 20 80 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 32 68 400
2020 Term 24 76 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 34 66 425
2019 Term 24 76 105

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 1 99 495
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 1 99 360
2022 Term 1 99 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 1 99 400
2020 Term 0 100 80
2019 Casual 0 100 15

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 495
2024 Term 11 89 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 360
2022 Term 4 96 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 400
2020 Term 7 93 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 91 425
2019 Term 15 85 105

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 91 495
2024 Term 8 92 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 360
2022 Term 9 91 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 91 400
2020 Term 12 88 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 425
2019 Term 9 91 105
2019 Casual 0 100 15

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 53 47 495
2024 Term 50 50 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 53 47 360
2022 Term 45 55 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 48 52 400
2020 Term 50 50 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 49 51 425
2019 Term 46 54 105
2019 Casual 41 59 15

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 17 83 495
2024 Term 18 82 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 15 85 360
2022 Term 29 71 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 23 77 400
2020 Term 18 82 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 22 78 425
2019 Term 15 85 105

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 84 495
2024 Term 26 74 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 18 82 360
2022 Term 15 85 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 15 85 400
2020 Term 14 86 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 84 425
2019 Term 15 85 105

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 53 47 495
2024 Term 39 61 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 52 48 360
2022 Term 45 55 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 51 49 400
2020 Term 51 49 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 55 45 425
2019 Term 46 54 105
2019 Casual 43 57 15

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 25 75 495
2024 Term 21 79 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 21 79 360
2022 Term 14 86 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 72 400
2020 Term 23 77 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 29 71 425
2019 Term 21 79 105

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 495
2024 Term 6 94 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 91 360
2022 Term 2 98 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 400
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 425
2019 Casual 0 100 15

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 15 85 495
2024 Term 14 86 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 84 360
2022 Term 8 92 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 15 85 400
2020 Term 16 84 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 17 83 425
2019 Term 19 81 105
2019 Casual 0 100 15

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 495
2024 Term 15 85 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 90 360
2022 Term 3 97 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 86 400
2020 Term 13 87 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 425
2019 Term 9 91 105

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 495
2024 Term 10 90 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 360
2022 Term 3 97 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 400
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 425
2019 Term 6 94 105
2019 Casual 0 100 15

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 91 495
2024 Term 12 88 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 360
2022 Term 9 91 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 87 400
2020 Term 18 82 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 425
2019 Term 13 87 105

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 90 495
2024 Term 5 95 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 360
2022 Term 6 94 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 400
2020 Term 8 92 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 90 425
2019 Term 8 92 105

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 29 71 495
2024 Term 47 53 100
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 29 71 360
2022 Term 36 64 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 72 400
2020 Term 21 79 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 72 425
2019 Term 28 72 105
2019 Casual 50 50 15

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 465
2024 Term 7 93 90
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 90 335
2022 Term 11 89 75
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 380
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 90 405
2019 Term 16 84 100

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 84 465
2024 Term 22 78 90
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 19 81 335
2022 Term 20 80 75
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 24 76 380
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 18 82 405
2019 Term 29 71 100
2019 Casual 38 62 15

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 465
2024 Term 14 86 90
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 91 335
2022 Term 17 83 75
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 380
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 405
2019 Term 20 80 100

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 465
2024 Term 7 93 90
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 335
2022 Term 2 98 75
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 380
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 405
2019 Term 13 87 100

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 465
2024 Term 11 89 90
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 335
2022 Term 14 86 75
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 380
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 405
2019 Term 13 87 100

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 465
2024 Term 8 92 90
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 87 335
2022 Term 9 91 75
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 90 380
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 405
2019 Term 11 89 100

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 87 465
2024 Term 6 94 90
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 84 335
2022 Term 2 98 75
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 380
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 87 405

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 84 465
2024 Term 16 84 90
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 87 335
2022 Term 24 76 75
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 86 380
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 405
2019 Term 18 82 100

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 15 85 465
2024 Term 14 86 90
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 15 85 335
2022 Term 18 82 75
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 18 82 380
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 15 85 405
2019 Term 19 81 100

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 33 67 465
2024 Term 27 73 90
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 72 335
2022 Term 17 83 75
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 70 380
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 32 68 405
2019 Term 29 71 100

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 90 465
2024 Term 7 93 90
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 335
2022 Term 5 95 75
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 380
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 405
2019 Term 10 90 100

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 43 57 465
2024 Term 50 50 90
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 43 57 335
2022 Term 42 58 75
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 46 54 380
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 53 405
2019 Term 43 57 100
2019 Casual 45 55 15

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 2 98 465
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 2 98 335
2022 Term 3 97 75
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 1 99 380
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 2 98 405
2019 Casual 0 100 15

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 58 42 465
2024 Term 52 48 90
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 53 335
2022 Term 42 58 75
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 52 48 380
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 53 47 405
2019 Term 42 58 100
2019 Casual 41 59 15

Question 62o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 465

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 465
2024 Term 14 86 90
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 86 335
2022 Term 11 89 75
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 87 380
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 405
2019 Term 7 93 100

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 13 14 6 7 38 12 47 24 4565
2024 Term 23 12 10 3 3 33 16 70 11 1515
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 15 14 5 5 37 10 55 18 3795
2022 Term 21 14 10 2 2 36 14 71 9 1215
2022 Casual 24 6 7 3 1 40 19 74 9 180
2022 Student 26 4 6 1 2 39 22 76 7 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 19 16 17 6 4 30 7 56 16 4260
2020 Term 28 14 14 3 2 30 9 69 8 940
2020 Casual 49 7 9 2 0 23 11 83 4 280
2020 Student 29 6 6 1 0 39 18 82 3 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 17 16 21 7 6 27 7 50 19 3775
2019 Term 23 14 17 5 3 25 12 61 13 1040
2019 Casual 35 11 13 2 2 24 13 73 6 385
2019 Student 25 9 9 1 2 38 16 74 8 175

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 23 28 17 7 6 17 2 64 15 4565
2024 Term 41 24 10 3 2 16 3 81 6 1510
2024 Casual 42 21 8 2 0 22 5 86 3 30
2024 Student 35 28 10 0 3 21 4 84 4 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 29 31 15 5 4 15 2 71 11 3795
2022 Term 43 24 11 2 2 15 3 81 5 1210
2022 Casual 48 16 6 3 1 21 5 86 6 180
2022 Student 39 26 16 1 2 15 2 78 3 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 34 29 17 5 3 11 1 71 10 4265
2020 Term 44 23 13 3 2 14 1 79 6 940
2020 Casual 66 15 8 1 0 9 1 90 1 280
2020 Student 51 14 10 1 0 22 1 85 2 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 32 28 18 6 4 11 1 68 12 3770
2019 Term 40 24 14 4 3 13 2 75 8 1040
2019 Casual 55 17 10 2 1 12 3 85 3 380
2019 Student 42 21 8 2 2 22 3 85 5 175

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 90 4565
2024 Term 7 93 1510
2024 Student 0 100 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 91 3795
2022 Term 4 96 1215
2022 Casual 3 97 180
2022 Student 0 100 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 4260
2020 Term 6 94 935
2020 Casual 2 98 280
2020 Student 0 100 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 3765
2019 Term 8 92 1040
2019 Casual 3 97 380
2019 Student 6 94 170

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 29 71 460
2024 Term 32 68 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 31 69 340
2022 Term 25 75 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 37 63 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 35 65 285
2019 Term 31 69 80

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 79 21 460
2024 Term 69 31 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 78 22 340
2022 Term 66 34 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 78 22 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 79 21 285
2019 Term 73 27 80

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 460
2024 Term 0 100 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 3 97 340
2022 Term 5 95 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 3 97 285
2019 Term 10 90 80
2019 Casual 0 100 10
2019 Student 0 100 10

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Term 0 100 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 0 100 340
2022 Term 0 100 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 0 100 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 0 100 285

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 460
2024 Term 5 95 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 340
2022 Term 13 87 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 285
2019 Term 9 91 80

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 460
2024 Term 9 91 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 340
2022 Term 7 93 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 285
2019 Term 9 91 80

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 86 460
2024 Term 18 82 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 87 340
2022 Term 16 84 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 285
2019 Term 9 91 80

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 39 61 450
2024 Term 38 62 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 33 67 340
2022 Term 36 64 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 38 62 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 25 75 285
2019 Term 51 49 80

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 72 450
2024 Term 34 66 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 80 340
2022 Term 30 70 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 24 76 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 21 79 285
2019 Term 45 55 80

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 21 79 450
2024 Term 18 82 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 80 340
2022 Term 18 82 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 80 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 84 285
2019 Term 31 69 80

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 450
2024 Term 11 89 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 90 340
2022 Term 10 90 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 285
2019 Term 11 89 80

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 27 73 450
2024 Term 22 78 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 21 79 340
2022 Term 25 75 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 27 73 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 29 71 285
2019 Term 23 77 80

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 72 450
2024 Term 25 75 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 21 79 340
2022 Term 23 77 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 21 79 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 22 78 285
2019 Term 23 77 80

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 450
2024 Term 9 91 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 3 97 340
2022 Term 6 94 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 3 97 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 285
2019 Term 9 91 80

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 450
2024 Term 5 95 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 340
2022 Term 6 94 55
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 2 98 285
2019 Term 0 100 80

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 450
2024 Term 8 92 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 340
2022 Term 9 91 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 285

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 19 81 450
2024 Term 12 88 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 17 83 340
2022 Term 16 84 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 80 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 80 285
2019 Term 8 92 80

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 1 99 450
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 2 98 340
2022 Term 5 95 55
2020 Term 0 100 55
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 0 100 285
2019 Student 0 100 10

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 25 75 450
2024 Term 28 72 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 19 81 340
2022 Term 16 84 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 80 285
2019 Term 6 94 80

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Term 0 100 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 0 100 340
2022 Term 0 100 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 0 100 340
2019 Term 0 100 80

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 70 460
2024 Term 20 80 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 33 67 340
2022 Term 20 80 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 26 74 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 70 280
2019 Term 26 74 80

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 460
2024 Term 11 89 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 340
2022 Term 11 89 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 86 280
2019 Term 6 94 80
2019 Casual 0 100 10
2019 Student 0 100 10

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 460
2024 Term 4 96 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 340
2022 Term 3 97 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 3 97 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 280

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 84 460
2024 Term 10 90 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 84 340
2022 Term 12 88 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 86 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 84 280
2019 Term 9 91 80
2019 Casual 0 100 10
2019 Student 0 100 10

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 460
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 340
2022 Term 0 100 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 280

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 460
2024 Term 7 93 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 340
2022 Term 3 97 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 280

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 460
2024 Term 10 90 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 3 97 340
2022 Term 10 90 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 91 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 90 280
2019 Term 8 92 80

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 460
2024 Term 11 89 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 90 340
2022 Term 7 93 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 91 280

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 52 48 460
2024 Term 61 39 115
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 50 50 340
2022 Term 59 41 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 51 49 340
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 46 54 280
2019 Term 59 41 80

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 435
2024 Term 7 93 110
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 320
2022 Term 7 93 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 3 97 325
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 245

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 87 435
2024 Term 16 84 110
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 86 320
2022 Term 21 79 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 17 83 325
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 86 245

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 2 98 435
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 320
2022 Term 2 98 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 3 97 325
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 245

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 1 99 435
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 3 97 320
2022 Term 0 100 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 2 98 325
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 245

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 435
2024 Term 4 96 110
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 320
2022 Term 5 95 55
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 3 97 245

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 435
2024 Term 10 90 110
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 320
2022 Term 7 93 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 95 325
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 245

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 435
2024 Term 7 93 110
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 91 320
2022 Term 7 93 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 91 325
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 245

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 86 435
2024 Term 15 85 110
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 320
2022 Term 21 79 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 84 325
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 245

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 435
2024 Term 10 90 110
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 320
2022 Term 17 83 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 325
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 88 245

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 70 435
2024 Term 23 77 110
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 25 75 320
2022 Term 29 71 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 26 74 325
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 27 73 245

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 93 435
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 320
2022 Term 8 92 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 94 325
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 89 245

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 53 435
2024 Term 39 61 110
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 46 54 320
2022 Term 53 47 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 45 55 325
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 48 52 245

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 1 99 435
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 1 99 320
2022 Term 1 99 55
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 3 97 245

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 65 35 435
2024 Term 62 38 110
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 62 38 320
2022 Term 59 41 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 62 38 325
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 59 41 245

Question 69o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 96 435
2024 Term 5 95 110

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 84 435
2024 Term 14 86 110
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 86 320
2022 Term 1 99 55
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 87 325
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 92 245

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 14 19 5 5 37 7 48 18 4570
2024 Term 27 15 15 3 3 28 10 68 9 1510
2024 Casual 18 0 5 16 7 33 21 40 50 30
2024 Student 14 12 3 0 3 49 19 83 9 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 15 16 17 5 4 36 7 56 15 3800
2022 Term 26 16 12 2 2 33 10 73 7 1215
2022 Casual 32 10 8 2 1 34 13 79 6 180
2022 Student 29 10 11 2 0 40 9 76 3 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 17 18 4 4 32 6 59 12 4255
2020 Term 29 16 13 2 2 32 6 72 7 935
2020 Casual 49 9 11 1 0 22 8 83 2 285
2020 Student 30 13 8 0 0 34 16 85 0 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 15 21 4 3 30 7 55 11 3765
2019 Term 26 15 17 3 3 26 10 64 9 1035
2019 Casual 38 9 13 1 1 27 12 76 3 385
2019 Student 28 10 8 1 2 36 14 79 6 175

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 24 31 18 6 5 15 2 66 13 4565
2024 Term 41 27 12 3 2 13 2 80 6 1515
2024 Casual 42 21 2 8 3 14 11 83 14 30
2024 Student 35 31 10 0 3 16 6 83 4 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 31 32 14 5 4 12 2 73 10 3800
2022 Term 44 25 12 2 2 12 3 82 5 1215
2022 Casual 49 19 8 2 2 16 4 85 5 180
2022 Student 50 23 13 2 0 11 2 83 2 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 35 31 17 4 3 9 1 73 8 4265
2020 Term 44 25 12 3 2 13 2 81 5 940
2020 Casual 66 15 8 1 0 9 1 89 1 280
2020 Student 52 21 8 0 0 18 1 90 0 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 36 26 19 4 3 12 1 71 8 3765
2019 Term 41 23 14 4 3 14 2 76 7 1040
2019 Casual 55 17 11 1 1 12 3 85 2 385
2019 Student 47 18 9 1 2 21 2 85 4 170

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 21 79 4570
2024 Term 15 85 1510
2024 Casual 24 76 30
2024 Student 3 97 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 87 3800
2022 Term 9 91 1215
2022 Casual 7 93 180
2022 Student 9 91 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 87 4250
2020 Term 12 88 925
2020 Casual 5 95 280
2020 Student 1 99 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 17 83 3765
2019 Term 15 85 1040
2019 Casual 7 93 385
2019 Student 6 94 175

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 59 41 980
2024 Term 49 51 255
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 53 47 490
2022 Term 49 51 110
2022 Casual 53 47 10
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 53 550
2020 Term 35 65 115

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 69 31 980
2024 Term 72 28 255
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 68 32 490
2022 Term 74 26 110
2022 Casual 62 38 10
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 77 23 550
2020 Term 72 28 115
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 80 20 635
2019 Term 81 19 155
2019 Casual 76 24 25

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 38 34 10 10 6 1 1 74 16 690
2024 Term 47 33 6 8 3 2 1 82 12 185
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 38 39 9 10 3 1 0 78 13 335
2022 Term 54 32 5 5 4 0 0 86 9 80
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 46 35 8 7 2 1 0 83 9 425
2020 Term 45 33 11 5 2 2 1 81 7 80
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 35 6 7 4 0 0 83 11 505
2019 Term 54 29 8 9 0 0 0 83 9 125
2019 Casual 64 31 5 0 0 0 0 95 0 20

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 41 32 9 7 5 3 3 78 13 4570
2024 Term 47 29 8 5 4 3 4 81 10 1510
2024 Casual 46 14 5 16 12 5 2 64 31 30
2024 Student 38 46 8 3 0 0 6 89 3 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 46 32 8 5 3 3 3 83 9 3800
2022 Term 48 30 8 4 2 5 4 85 7 1215
2022 Casual 42 27 10 4 2 8 8 82 7 180
2022 Student 47 34 5 5 2 0 7 87 7 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 49 30 9 4 2 2 3 84 6 4260
2020 Term 47 31 9 4 3 3 4 83 7 935
2020 Casual 57 26 7 3 1 3 3 89 4 280
2020 Student 49 35 6 4 0 1 4 89 4 75
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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 51 29 7 6 6 1 1 82 12 4570
2024 Term 55 26 6 5 5 2 1 83 10 1510
2024 Casual 56 26 10 0 5 2 0 84 5 30
2024 Student 48 28 12 7 2 3 0 78 10 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 53 30 6 6 4 1 1 84 10 3800
2022 Term 55 26 7 5 3 2 1 83 9 1215
2022 Casual 58 20 12 2 4 3 1 81 7 180
2022 Student 63 22 9 5 0 2 0 86 5 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 49 30 8 7 4 1 1 80 11 4250
2020 Term 50 27 10 8 4 1 0 78 12 935
2020 Casual 65 23 4 4 3 2 0 90 7 280
2020 Student 48 36 6 5 4 0 0 84 9 75

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 9 15 8 32 6 24 58 20 4560
2024 Term 6 6 13 7 34 7 25 61 19 1515
2024 Casual 6 6 3 13 41 3 28 78 17 30
2024 Student 3 0 4 10 39 3 42 88 5 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 8 14 8 35 6 24 62 18 3790
2022 Term 4 6 11 6 36 8 28 66 17 1215
2022 Casual 7 5 9 4 34 7 34 66 19 180
2022 Student 3 1 6 3 54 6 26 85 7 60

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 21 38 17 11 10 3 0 61 22 4570
2024 Term 32 33 16 10 6 3 1 67 17 1515
2024 Casual 36 36 10 5 8 6 0 76 14 30
2024 Student 17 47 17 13 2 5 0 67 15 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 26 40 15 10 6 3 0 68 17 3795
2022 Term 35 33 14 7 4 5 1 73 12 1215
2022 Casual 39 28 12 6 5 10 0 74 12 180
2022 Student 22 40 26 7 2 3 0 64 9 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 38 42 12 5 2 1 0 80 8 4265
2020 Term 39 37 13 6 2 2 0 78 9 940
2020 Casual 53 25 14 3 0 5 0 82 3 285
2020 Student 35 35 18 8 0 4 0 73 8 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 27 41 17 9 4 2 0 69 13 3755
2019 Term 26 35 17 11 6 5 0 64 18 1035
2019 Casual 33 29 18 5 4 10 1 69 10 380
2019 Student 23 33 22 10 5 5 2 60 16 170

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)		 Very good
(%)		 Good
(%)		 Fair
(%)		 Poor
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 23 35 24 10 4570
2024 Term 14 27 32 20 8 1515
2024 Casual 18 31 25 19 7 30
2024 Student 7 17 39 27 11 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 26 36 21 7 3800
2022 Term 16 29 32 17 6 1220
2022 Casual 19 30 24 21 6 180
2022 Student 5 25 36 30 5 60

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 50 28 10 4 4 2 1 81 8 4575
2024 Term 55 24 10 3 2 4 2 84 5 1515
2024 Casual 45 21 20 3 0 6 5 75 3 30
2024 Student 46 42 4 0 0 6 3 96 0 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 52 27 11 3 2 3 1 83 6 3800
2022 Term 55 23 9 3 2 6 2 85 5 1220
2022 Casual 62 13 13 1 2 7 2 83 3 180
2022 Student 53 21 14 0 0 12 0 84 0 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 46 29 13 5 3 3 1 78 8 4245
2020 Term 49 23 15 4 3 5 1 77 7 935
2020 Casual 59 21 10 1 0 5 4 87 2 280
2020 Student 52 23 9 3 1 8 4 85 4 75

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 44 26 8 10 9 1 1 72 20 4570
2024 Term 48 23 10 8 8 3 1 74 16 1510
2024 Casual 41 27 12 3 10 5 2 73 14 30
2024 Student 32 22 19 17 5 5 0 57 23 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 46 26 9 10 7 2 0 73 18 3800
2022 Term 49 24 8 8 8 2 1 75 16 1220
2022 Casual 54 18 14 4 7 2 2 75 11 180
2022 Student 47 22 10 16 3 2 0 70 19 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 37 30 12 12 8 1 1 68 20 4260
2020 Term 40 24 14 12 7 1 1 66 20 935
2020 Casual 55 22 9 5 5 2 1 80 11 280
2020 Student 37 25 14 13 8 1 1 64 22 75

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 36 16 14 12 2 0 57 27 4570
2024 Term 31 36 15 10 7 2 1 68 17 1510
2024 Casual 36 32 13 8 3 7 3 74 12 30
2024 Student 41 45 10 5 0 0 0 85 5 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 27 39 14 12 6 2 1 67 19 3800
2022 Term 38 36 12 6 4 4 1 77 10 1215
2022 Casual 47 31 8 5 2 4 3 84 7 180
2022 Student 38 43 12 7 0 0 0 81 7 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 33 33 17 9 5 1 0 68 15 4260
2020 Term 36 31 18 9 3 3 0 70 12 940
2020 Casual 59 24 9 4 1 2 1 86 5 285
2020 Student 53 30 6 6 1 3 0 85 8 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 24 37 18 12 7 2 0 62 20 3765
2019 Term 27 31 19 13 7 3 0 60 21 1040
2019 Casual 42 31 16 5 2 4 0 76 7 385
2019 Student 28 43 12 6 5 5 1 76 11 170

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 49 13 17 6 1 0 63 23 1195
2024 Term 14 41 20 19 6 0 0 55 25 30
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 15 47 14 16 6 1 0 64 22 1050
2022 Term 28 34 21 8 7 2 0 64 15 40
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 18 49 13 16 3 1 0 67 19 1150
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 18 45 15 15 4 2 1 65 19 1020

Work-related stress

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 28 18 10 13 0 3 29 71 4545
2024 Term 30 25 19 10 12 2 2 31 69 1505
2024 Casual 18 37 13 6 19 2 5 19 81 30
2024 Student 34 18 12 11 21 2 1 35 65 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 26 19 10 14 0 2 3780
2022 Term 26 23 20 13 15 1 2 1210
2022 Casual 34 22 24 7 7 2 4 175
2022 Student 26 21 20 11 21 0 2 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 28 21 12 10 0 1 4255
2020 Term 33 28 21 10 7 1 1 935
2020 Casual 46 28 13 8 4 1 0 280
2020 Student 42 28 21 3 4 0 3 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 18 26 23 15 18 0 1 3775
2019 Term 22 29 20 14 14 1 1 1040
2019 Casual 32 28 20 9 10 0 0 385
2019 Student 27 26 20 12 12 0 3 175

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 17 25 26 15 15 0 1 17 83 4545
2024 Term 33 27 20 9 9 1 2 33 67 1505
2024 Casual 41 12 20 22 0 2 2 43 57 30
2024 Student 49 27 18 0 6 0 1 49 51 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 23 26 17 17 0 1 3785
2022 Term 27 29 25 10 7 1 2 1210
2022 Casual 38 31 15 7 4 2 4 180
2022 Student 24 51 18 0 6 0 2 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 17 25 26 18 14 0 0 4265
2020 Term 29 28 26 11 6 0 1 935
2020 Casual 56 28 11 4 1 1 0 280
2020 Student 43 34 12 8 1 0 3 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 18 26 27 17 11 0 1 3770
2019 Term 29 30 24 10 5 1 1 1040
2019 Casual 57 27 12 3 1 0 0 385
2019 Student 49 27 14 7 2 0 1 170

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 21 25 22 14 15 1 2 22 78 4550
2024 Term 43 23 14 7 6 1 6 46 54 1500
2024 Casual 39 6 19 21 5 2 7 44 56 30
2024 Student 62 20 13 2 0 0 3 64 36 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 21 26 22 15 13 1 2 3770
2022 Term 40 26 13 7 5 2 6 1205
2022 Casual 48 23 11 6 3 3 6 175
2022 Student 62 19 10 2 2 0 5 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 23 27 23 14 11 0 1 4250
2020 Term 42 25 17 6 5 0 4 935
2020 Casual 67 21 7 3 0 1 1 285
2020 Student 62 22 10 0 3 1 1 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 24 30 24 13 8 1 1 3750
2019 Term 40 28 17 7 3 1 5 1035
2019 Casual 69 17 7 3 1 0 2 385
2019 Student 66 19 7 4 1 1 2 175

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 23 24 21 13 14 2 2 24 76 4560
2024 Term 43 21 14 7 7 4 5 47 53 1505
2024 Casual 48 11 12 10 10 2 5 52 48 30
2024 Student 56 17 16 8 0 0 3 58 42 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 22 23 17 16 1 2 3780
2022 Term 35 24 14 11 7 3 5 1210
2022 Casual 50 21 8 6 3 5 5 175
2022 Student 55 12 13 10 3 5 2 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 23 25 22 15 12 2 1 4250
2020 Term 35 25 18 9 9 2 2 940
2020 Casual 66 19 8 3 1 2 1 280
2020 Student 46 32 13 4 1 0 4 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 21 25 24 16 12 1 1 3755
2019 Term 30 25 21 13 8 1 2 1040
2019 Casual 62 18 9 4 3 1 2 385
2019 Student 58 21 10 5 5 1 1 170

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 22 11 5 5 0 9 52 48 4550
2024 Term 65 14 6 2 1 2 11 75 25 1510
2024 Casual 60 3 2 9 3 13 10 78 22 30
2024 Student 88 4 0 0 0 0 8 96 4 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 43 24 13 7 7 1 6 3790
2022 Term 62 16 7 2 2 1 9 1205
2022 Casual 67 10 5 3 1 2 12 180
2022 Student 79 8 2 1 2 1 7 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 43 23 15 8 6 0 4 4240
2020 Term 61 21 8 3 2 0 4 935
2020 Casual 81 8 4 0 0 2 4 280
2020 Student 71 18 3 0 1 0 7 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 24 14 6 4 0 4 3750
2019 Term 62 20 8 2 2 1 5 1035
2019 Casual 75 9 6 1 0 1 8 385
2019 Student 79 8 3 1 2 0 7 170

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 24 25 20 13 17 0 1 25 75 4560
2024 Term 45 22 15 7 8 1 2 46 54 1510
2024 Casual 50 6 14 17 11 2 0 51 49 30
2024 Student 31 30 20 10 9 0 0 31 69 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 26 19 11 12 0 1 3790
2022 Term 44 25 15 7 6 1 2 1210
2022 Casual 44 26 15 5 4 2 4 180
2022 Student 27 41 19 3 7 0 3 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 26 26 21 13 12 0 1 4260
2020 Term 36 27 18 10 8 0 0 935
2020 Casual 62 21 13 2 1 1 0 285
2020 Student 42 22 27 4 5 0 0 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 28 21 11 9 0 1 3765
2019 Term 36 31 17 8 7 0 1 1040
2019 Casual 58 21 10 6 3 0 2 385
2019 Student 57 21 10 6 5 0 1 175

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 24 29 21 11 11 1 3 25 75 4555
2024 Term 42 23 14 7 7 3 4 46 54 1505
2024 Casual 30 17 10 22 13 2 5 32 68 30
2024 Student 53 25 6 6 3 0 8 58 42 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 31 29 20 9 7 1 2 3790
2022 Term 46 25 13 5 5 2 4 1210
2022 Casual 53 21 9 1 3 5 8 180
2022 Student 55 21 7 6 3 2 6 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 32 34 21 8 4 1 2 4235
2020 Term 41 27 18 7 4 1 3 935
2020 Casual 73 16 7 2 0 0 1 280
2020 Student 58 30 6 3 0 0 3 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 29 36 21 8 5 1 1 3760
2019 Term 37 32 17 6 4 1 2 1035
2019 Casual 56 22 12 2 2 1 4 385
2019 Student 54 28 9 3 2 2 2 170

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 26 22 15 19 1 2 16 84 4560
2024 Term 34 27 18 8 8 2 3 36 64 1510
2024 Casual 42 7 2 22 22 2 2 44 56 30
2024 Student 43 21 14 13 3 0 6 46 54 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 20 27 24 14 13 1 1 3790
2022 Term 38 27 16 9 5 2 4 1215
2022 Casual 46 28 13 3 3 3 5 180
2022 Student 48 29 11 6 2 0 4 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 22 31 24 13 9 0 1 4235
2020 Term 37 30 18 8 4 1 3 930
2020 Casual 66 22 7 2 1 0 1 280
2020 Student 56 27 10 3 3 0 1 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 22 32 25 13 7 0 1 3760
2019 Term 35 33 17 8 4 1 2 1035
2019 Casual 60 21 11 4 2 1 2 380
2019 Student 51 29 11 3 3 1 1 170

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 25 27 19 13 13 1 2 26 74 4565
2024 Term 44 26 14 6 7 2 3 46 54 1510
2024 Casual 31 27 2 26 11 2 0 32 68 30
2024 Student 45 30 18 4 0 0 3 46 54 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 31 29 19 10 9 0 2 3795
2022 Term 46 25 13 7 5 1 3 1215
2022 Casual 51 22 15 5 3 2 2 180
2022 Student 51 28 11 3 2 0 5 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 31 30 21 10 6 0 1 4240
2020 Term 42 27 17 8 4 1 2 935
2020 Casual 68 21 6 4 1 0 0 280
2020 Student 44 23 18 12 3 0 0 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 32 20 10 6 0 1 3755
2019 Term 41 30 17 5 4 1 1 1035
2019 Casual 65 16 10 5 2 1 2 380
2019 Student 41 31 15 6 6 1 1 170

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 38 26 15 8 10 1 2 39 61 4545
2024 Term 43 24 13 7 8 2 3 45 55 1500
2024 Casual 48 5 2 29 8 2 5 52 48 30
2024 Student 56 22 6 8 3 0 5 59 41 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 43 26 13 8 7 1 2 3790
2022 Term 50 22 12 6 5 2 3 1210
2022 Casual 59 19 9 5 2 3 2 180
2022 Student 76 7 5 0 7 1 5 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 42 27 16 8 6 1 1 4240
2020 Term 47 25 16 7 5 0 1 930
2020 Casual 75 15 6 2 0 1 0 280
2020 Student 71 13 10 3 0 0 3 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 42 27 15 8 7 1 1 3750
2019 Term 39 26 16 9 7 1 2 1030
2019 Casual 64 18 8 6 2 1 2 380
2019 Student 64 19 6 4 4 1 1 170

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 50 24 12 6 6 1 2 51 49 4565
2024 Term 55 20 11 5 4 1 3 58 42 1510
2024 Casual 44 19 19 11 4 2 0 46 54 30
2024 Student 48 24 12 11 0 0 5 50 50 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 52 26 11 5 4 0 2 3790
2022 Term 58 22 9 4 3 1 3 1205
2022 Casual 60 20 10 5 2 2 2 180
2022 Student 57 20 20 0 0 0 2 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 27 31 23 12 7 0 1 4250
2020 Term 30 30 22 11 7 0 1 935
2020 Casual 56 25 12 5 2 0 0 280
2020 Student 25 30 26 14 4 0 0 75

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 28 29 19 11 11 1 2 28 72 4560
2024 Term 40 26 15 8 7 2 2 42 58 1505
2024 Casual 43 19 16 14 5 2 0 44 56 30
2024 Student 52 21 14 4 4 0 5 55 45 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 29 30 21 11 8 0 1 3790
2022 Term 35 31 18 7 7 1 2 1205
2022 Casual 40 25 17 7 7 2 3 180
2022 Student 44 36 15 2 1 0 2 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 24 29 24 14 9 0 0 4240
2020 Term 30 29 19 13 7 1 1 935
2020 Casual 59 26 10 4 1 0 0 280
2020 Student 36 37 16 9 3 0 0 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 31 21 10 7 0 1 3750
2019 Term 39 31 17 7 4 1 1 1030
2019 Casual 59 26 10 2 2 1 1 380
2019 Student 54 30 8 4 2 1 1 170

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 33 18 15 11 19 1 3 34 66 4545
2024 Term 49 18 12 7 9 1 5 52 48 1505
2024 Casual 58 5 4 20 6 2 5 63 37 30
2024 Student 61 16 7 3 11 0 1 62 38 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 59 19 9 4 5 1 4 3785
2022 Term 64 15 7 4 4 1 5 1205
2022 Casual 66 9 9 3 3 3 6 180
2022 Student 64 17 8 4 0 4 4 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 44 28 16 5 4 0 1 4245
2020 Term 51 24 14 5 4 0 2 930
2020 Casual 70 19 7 2 2 0 1 280
2020 Student 48 27 17 1 3 0 4 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 52 25 12 5 4 0 1 3740
2019 Term 57 23 9 4 3 0 3 1030
2019 Casual 75 14 5 3 1 0 2 380
2019 Student 72 15 5 5 2 1 1 170

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 36 30 16 7 8 0 2 36 64 4555
2024 Term 47 27 13 6 5 1 2 48 52 1505
2024 Casual 46 20 17 0 6 2 9 52 48 30
2024 Student 55 22 14 0 7 0 1 56 44 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 47 32 12 4 3 0 1 3790
2022 Term 53 26 11 5 2 1 3 1210
2022 Casual 58 25 8 3 2 1 3 180
2022 Student 58 31 6 0 3 0 2 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 25 33 23 12 7 0 1 4245
2020 Term 34 32 20 9 4 0 1 935
2020 Casual 53 28 12 4 2 0 0 280
2020 Student 41 25 22 9 3 0 0 75

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 63 12 5 2 4 2 12 72 28 4550
2024 Term 67 12 5 2 2 2 10 75 25 1510
2024 Casual 72 3 15 3 0 2 5 77 23 30
2024 Student 78 7 4 0 0 0 11 88 12 35

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 53 14 8 5 9 2 9 59 41 4555
2024 Term 61 13 7 4 4 2 9 69 31 1505
2024 Casual 63 8 14 3 8 3 3 66 34 30
2024 Student 72 11 3 0 4 0 11 80 20 40

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 67 11 6 3 4 2 7 74 26 4555
2024 Term 74 8 4 2 3 3 6 81 19 1505
2024 Casual 64 26 0 3 0 2 5 69 31 30
2024 Student 88 0 0 0 4 0 8 96 4 35
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 73 10 5 3 3 2 5 3795
2022 Term 77 7 3 2 2 2 6 1215
2022 Casual 78 6 3 3 2 3 5 180
2022 Student 86 5 1 0 2 0 5 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 75 10 5 2 3 1 4 4255
2020 Term 79 8 4 2 1 1 4 935
2020 Casual 89 6 1 1 1 1 2 285
2020 Student 91 5 1 0 0 1 1 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 72 11 6 3 4 1 3 3760
2019 Term 69 11 6 3 5 2 5 1035
2019 Casual 87 6 2 1 2 0 1 380
2019 Student 88 3 3 2 1 0 3 175

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 63 20 7 3 3 1 5 66 34 4560
2024 Term 74 13 4 1 2 1 5 79 21 1510
2024 Casual 82 10 0 0 3 3 2 87 13 30
2024 Student 78 3 4 4 3 0 8 86 14 35
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 69 18 6 2 1 0 4 3790
2022 Term 74 13 4 2 1 1 5 1210
2022 Casual 78 9 4 2 1 3 4 180
2022 Student 90 3 1 0 2 0 3 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 70 18 6 2 1 0 2 4240
2020 Term 76 13 5 2 1 1 3 935
2020 Casual 89 8 2 0 0 0 1 280
2020 Student 84 8 4 1 0 0 3 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 57 27 9 3 2 0 2 3745
2019 Term 63 19 8 3 2 1 3 1035
2019 Casual 78 15 4 1 1 0 1 375
2019 Student 79 9 6 2 2 0 2 175

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 58 17 8 5 7 1 4 61 39 4555
2024 Term 71 10 5 3 4 1 5 76 24 1505
2024 Casual 74 8 5 6 3 3 2 78 22 30
2024 Student 81 6 0 4 0 0 10 90 10 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 65 16 7 4 4 1 3 3790
2022 Term 73 11 4 2 3 1 5 1210
2022 Casual 79 5 4 4 3 2 3 180
2022 Student 80 9 2 2 2 0 5 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 65 17 8 4 4 0 2 4240
2020 Term 73 11 7 3 3 0 2 930
2020 Casual 89 6 2 2 1 0 1 285
2020 Student 88 3 4 1 0 1 3 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 60 20 9 5 5 0 1 3750
2019 Term 64 15 8 4 4 1 3 1030
2019 Casual 81 11 3 2 2 1 1 380
2019 Student 83 10 2 0 2 0 2 175

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 57 11 5 2 2 1 23 75 25 4550
2024 Term 71 4 2 1 1 1 20 91 9 1505
2024 Casual 75 5 0 0 0 2 17 93 7 30
2024 Student 77 3 0 0 0 0 20 96 4 35
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 61 12 5 1 1 0 20 3785
2022 Term 71 5 2 1 1 1 21 1210
2022 Casual 74 4 1 2 1 2 16 180
2022 Student 78 2 0 0 2 0 18 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 59 12 5 2 1 0 21 4250
2020 Term 69 4 3 1 0 1 22 935
2020 Casual 80 2 1 0 0 1 16 280
2020 Student 83 1 0 0 0 1 14 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 57 14 6 2 1 0 20 3730
2019 Term 66 6 2 1 1 1 23 1030
2019 Casual 75 3 1 0 0 1 19 380
2019 Student 81 2 0 0 0 0 17 170

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 68 15 5 2 2 1 8 74 26 4545
2024 Term 76 9 3 1 2 1 8 84 16 1500
2024 Casual 87 6 0 0 3 2 2 91 9 30
2024 Student 85 7 0 0 0 0 9 93 7 35
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 72 13 5 2 1 0 7 3780
2022 Term 76 10 3 1 1 1 8 1210
2022 Casual 80 6 4 1 1 3 6 180
2022 Student 82 8 3 0 2 0 5 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 73 15 5 2 1 0 4 4260
2020 Term 75 11 6 2 1 1 5 940
2020 Casual 89 6 1 0 0 0 3 280
2020 Student 90 4 3 0 0 1 3 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 70 17 6 2 1 0 5 3745
2019 Term 74 10 5 1 1 1 8 1030
2019 Casual 85 7 2 0 1 0 4 380
2019 Student 88 3 1 1 0 0 7 175

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 48 20 11 7 9 1 5 50 50 4570
2024 Term 13 10 12 13 49 2 1 13 87 1510
2024 Casual 16 24 0 9 49 2 0 16 84 30
2024 Student 48 9 20 4 17 0 1 49 51 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 74 12 5 2 2 1 5 3795
2022 Term 34 22 16 10 14 1 2 1215
2022 Casual 32 10 25 9 18 1 4 180
2022 Student 52 15 15 5 6 4 2 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 73 15 6 2 2 1 2 4260
2020 Term 28 22 20 13 16 0 1 935
2020 Casual 35 18 17 10 18 0 1 280
2020 Student 56 15 20 4 3 1 1 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 78 11 4 2 2 0 3 3760
2019 Term 27 19 18 14 19 0 2 1035
2019 Casual 35 11 16 13 23 0 2 385
2019 Student 60 14 8 6 9 0 2 175

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 45 26 13 5 5 1 4 47 53 4565
2024 Term 56 22 11 3 3 2 3 59 41 1510
2024 Casual 64 20 6 7 0 2 0 65 35 30
2024 Student 41 44 9 0 0 0 5 44 56 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 49 25 14 5 3 1 3 3795
2022 Term 54 22 11 4 3 1 4 1215
2022 Casual 58 17 11 5 3 2 6 180
2022 Student 47 33 14 3 1 0 2 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 43 30 16 6 3 0 1 4265
2020 Term 44 27 16 7 4 0 1 935
2020 Casual 72 17 7 3 1 0 1 285
2020 Student 44 25 19 9 1 0 1 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 51 27 13 5 2 0 2 3750
2019 Term 52 26 11 4 3 1 3 1035
2019 Casual 71 14 7 3 1 1 2 380
2019 Student 58 22 12 3 5 0 1 170

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)		 Low
(%)		 Moderate
(%)		 High
(%)		 Very High
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 8 25 40 17 10 0 0 33 27 4570
2024 Term 13 27 37 14 7 1 1 41 22 1515
2024 Casual 17 23 32 13 12 2 0 42 26 30
2024 Student 13 63 19 5 0 0 0 76 5 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 28 40 15 7 0 0 38 22 3805
2022 Term 19 36 33 8 4 0 1 55 12 1220
2022 Casual 25 34 33 4 3 1 1 60 6 180
2022 Student 20 48 27 3 0 0 1 69 3 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 13 31 36 14 6 0 0 43 20 4270
2020 Term 18 36 31 12 4 0 0 54 16 940
2020 Casual 42 35 17 5 0 0 0 78 5 280
2020 Student 22 45 26 5 0 0 1 68 5 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 14 32 37 13 4 0 0 46 17 3775
2019 Term 20 34 32 10 3 0 0 55 13 1035
2019 Casual 40 38 16 4 0 0 1 79 4 385
2019 Student 38 36 20 4 2 0 0 73 6 175

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 16 24 38 15 6 0 0 21 40 4565
2024 Term 11 16 35 21 15 1 1 36 28 1510
2024 Casual 13 32 14 19 20 2 0 40 46 30
2024 Student 3 15 29 28 23 0 3 52 18 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 11 20 41 19 9 0 0 28 31 3795
2022 Term 7 12 36 26 16 0 1 43 20 1220
2022 Casual 3 11 32 28 24 0 2 54 14 180
2022 Student 0 10 41 24 25 0 0 49 10 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 12 20 39 20 8 0 0 28 33 4260
2020 Term 11 17 35 26 11 0 0 37 28 940
2020 Casual 4 4 23 35 33 1 0 68 9 280
2020 Student 1 12 30 32 22 1 1 56 13 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 10 19 40 22 9 0 0 31 29 3730
2019 Term 9 15 38 24 13 1 0 38 24 1030
2019 Casual 4 6 24 29 35 0 1 65 10 375
2019 Student 8 14 27 31 21 0 0 51 21 175
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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 55 4575
2024 Term 20 59 1510
2024 Casual 32 46 30
2024 Student 44 34 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 54 3800
2022 Term 29 47 1215
2022 Casual 25 47 180
2022 Student 49 26 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 35 45 4275
2020 Term 27 44 940
2020 Casual 28 46 280
2020 Student 30 39 75

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 39 61 1375
2024 Term 62 38 285
2024 Student 49 51 15
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 33 67 1150
2022 Term 62 38 355
2022 Casual 60 40 45
2022 Student 65 35 30
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 30 70 1495
2020 Term 40 60 255
2020 Casual 40 60 80
2020 Student 52 48 25

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 37 17 12 7 9 3 14 44 56 4570
2024 Term 48 12 6 2 1 10 22 69 31 1510
2024 Casual 25 14 0 13 3 8 37 46 54 30
2024 Student 41 9 4 7 3 6 29 64 36 40
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 38 19 13 7 8 2 13 3800
2022 Term 43 11 8 2 3 9 24 1215
2022 Casual 41 9 6 2 3 7 32 180
2022 Student 43 6 12 4 0 8 27 60
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 37 22 16 9 8 1 7 4260
2020 Term 46 16 11 4 3 4 16 935
2020 Casual 54 15 7 1 1 3 19 285
2020 Student 53 13 4 0 3 6 21 75
2019 Indeterminate (permanent) 34 21 17 11 12 1 5 3740
2019 Term 45 17 14 6 6 2 10 1030
2019 Casual 51 19 8 3 4 2 12 380
2019 Student 49 18 8 3 3 1 17 170

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 6 17 15 19 36 3 5 24 59 1375
2024 Term 14 24 19 15 18 6 6 42 37 285
2024 Student 16 28 0 29 28 0 0 43 57 15
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 7 16 14 19 38 2 5 24 61 1150
2022 Term 13 28 14 16 23 3 3 44 41 355
2022 Casual 19 21 17 12 18 2 10 46 34 45
2022 Student 18 20 8 30 21 4 0 39 52 30
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 9 18 17 21 29 1 5 28 53 1490
2020 Term 15 22 19 16 24 2 3 39 41 255
2020 Casual 21 20 23 19 8 0 10 46 29 80
2020 Student 30 30 13 4 17 0 4 64 23 25

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 16 13 20 43 1 2 21 65 1375
2024 Term 14 29 16 17 19 4 0 45 38 285
2024 Student 24 19 6 0 35 6 10 51 41 15
2022 Indeterminate (permanent) 4 13 10 20 47 2 4 18 71 1150
2022 Term 13 23 15 16 23 3 7 40 43 355
2022 Casual 11 31 16 14 17 2 9 47 35 45
2022 Student 13 26 8 16 29 2 7 42 49 30
2020 Indeterminate (permanent) 5 13 15 24 41 1 2 18 66 1495
2020 Term 14 22 18 17 27 0 1 37 44 255
2020 Casual 17 21 20 16 20 1 5 40 39 80
2020 Student 9 30 26 13 17 0 4 41 32 25
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