2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Environment and Climate Change Canada by Question 113. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Table of contents

Top of page

Employee engagement

Employee engagement

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 37 13 12 10 0 0 65 22 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 41 12 8 5 0 0 75 13 4200
2024 First Nation 34 33 11 16 7 0 0 67 22 55
2024 Métis 24 45 14 8 10 0 0 68 18 60
2022 Indigenous 48 36 7 5 3 1 0 85 9 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 41 11 6 3 0 0 80 9 4205
2022 First Nation 48 29 10 4 6 3 0 79 11 45
2022 Métis 52 37 6 4 2 0 0 89 5 55
2020 Indigenous 45 38 7 6 5 0 0 83 10 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 40 11 6 3 0 0 80 9 4415
2020 Métis 47 37 10 2 5 0 0 83 7 55
2019 Indigenous 39 38 13 5 5 0 0 77 10 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 42 9 6 3 0 0 82 9 4755
2019 First Nation 36 48 9 4 3 0 0 83 7 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 9 20 0 24 0 0 56 24 10
2019 Métis 40 36 15 6 3 0 0 77 9 75

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 27 34 12 11 15 0 0 62 27 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 38 12 9 6 0 0 72 15 4200
2024 First Nation 31 33 19 4 12 0 0 65 16 50
2024 Métis 25 37 8 11 19 0 0 62 30 60
2022 Indigenous 40 36 10 5 9 0 0 76 14 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 39 10 7 5 0 0 78 12 4210
2022 First Nation 41 36 4 7 13 0 0 77 20 45
2022 Métis 40 39 14 3 5 0 0 79 7 55
2020 Indigenous 45 31 9 8 6 0 0 77 14 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 39 10 7 4 0 0 79 11 4410
2020 Métis 46 33 7 12 2 0 0 79 14 55
2019 Indigenous 39 31 11 12 8 0 0 70 20 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 39 12 7 4 0 0 77 11 4750
2019 First Nation 36 34 10 13 8 0 0 69 21 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 28 17 0 32 23 0 0 45 55 10
2019 Métis 44 31 13 8 4 0 0 74 12 75

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 44 31 16 2 7 0 0 74 9 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 46 36 12 4 2 0 0 82 6 4200
2024 First Nation 46 27 21 2 4 0 0 73 6 55
2024 Métis 43 35 11 1 10 0 0 78 11 60
2022 Indigenous 54 33 7 4 1 1 0 88 5 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 36 9 3 2 0 0 86 4 4200
2022 First Nation 52 37 4 5 0 3 0 91 5 45
2022 Métis 59 28 8 4 2 0 0 87 5 55
2020 Indigenous 59 27 8 4 2 0 0 86 5 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 35 9 3 1 0 0 87 4 4390
2020 Métis 62 25 10 2 2 0 0 87 3 55
2019 Indigenous 52 32 12 4 1 0 0 83 5 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 53 34 9 3 2 0 0 87 4 4720
2019 First Nation 48 44 4 2 1 0 0 92 3 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 9 20 24 0 0 0 56 24 10
2019 Métis 55 27 15 3 1 0 0 81 4 75

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 43 8 10 6 0 0 76 16 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 41 12 6 3 0 0 78 9 4200
2024 First Nation 42 33 12 8 6 0 0 74 14 55
2024 Métis 30 51 5 8 6 0 0 81 14 60
2022 Indigenous 50 32 11 3 3 1 0 83 6 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 40 10 4 2 0 0 83 7 4210
2022 First Nation 54 25 5 9 5 3 0 81 14 45
2022 Métis 52 33 13 0 2 0 0 85 2 55
2020 Indigenous 53 30 8 5 4 0 0 83 10 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 38 9 4 2 0 0 85 6 4425
2020 Métis 56 29 7 5 3 0 0 85 8 55
2019 Indigenous 45 35 14 3 1 0 0 81 5 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 39 9 4 2 0 0 85 6 4760
2019 First Nation 39 43 11 7 0 0 0 82 7 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 39 40 9 12 0 0 0 80 12 10
2019 Métis 52 29 17 0 2 0 0 81 2 75

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 29 14 7 12 0 0 67 19 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 35 14 8 5 1 0 72 13 4200
2024 First Nation 41 32 13 5 9 0 0 73 14 55
2024 Métis 38 28 11 9 14 0 0 66 22 60
2022 Indigenous 45 33 9 7 5 1 0 79 12 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 35 11 5 3 0 0 80 9 4210
2022 First Nation 36 38 10 10 6 0 0 73 16 45
2022 Métis 54 31 7 3 3 1 0 86 6 55
2020 Indigenous 52 31 11 1 4 0 0 83 6 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 34 12 5 2 0 0 81 7 4400
2020 Métis 54 34 7 3 2 0 0 88 5 55
2019 Indigenous 43 32 15 6 4 0 0 75 10 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 44 34 13 5 3 0 0 79 8 4750
2019 First Nation 37 38 7 14 4 0 0 75 18 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 39 17 23 0 20 0 0 56 20 10
2019 Métis 47 31 18 1 2 0 0 79 3 75

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 33 11 11 11 0 0 66 23 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 37 13 10 5 0 0 71 16 4195
2024 First Nation 35 38 13 7 7 0 0 73 14 55
2024 Métis 33 31 7 14 16 0 0 63 29 60
2022 Indigenous 40 36 9 10 4 0 0 76 15 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 38 10 7 4 0 0 79 11 4205
2022 First Nation 34 37 12 13 3 0 0 72 16 45
2022 Métis 46 36 6 6 6 0 0 82 12 55
2020 Indigenous 51 32 10 4 3 0 0 83 7 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 36 12 5 2 0 0 81 8 4385
2020 Métis 54 30 11 5 0 0 0 84 5 55
2019 Indigenous 41 30 18 8 3 0 0 70 11 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 37 12 7 3 0 0 79 9 4730
2019 First Nation 32 40 11 16 1 0 0 72 18 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 31 17 32 0 20 0 0 48 20 10
2019 Métis 49 24 21 3 2 0 0 74 5 75

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 27 12 15 9 4 0 63 25 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 29 16 10 6 5 1 67 16 4200
2024 First Nation 33 27 12 16 7 5 0 63 24 55
2024 Métis 35 30 9 9 13 3 0 67 23 60
2022 Indigenous 36 31 12 8 7 4 2 71 16 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 30 15 8 5 4 1 71 13 4210
2022 First Nation 30 26 15 10 12 4 2 61 23 45
2022 Métis 39 37 8 6 4 3 3 81 11 55
2020 Indigenous 48 20 17 7 7 0 1 69 14 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 27 17 7 3 3 1 72 10 4410
2020 Métis 46 23 16 10 5 0 0 69 15 55
2019 Indigenous 34 21 28 9 5 1 1 57 15 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 27 17 8 5 3 1 69 13 4765
2019 First Nation 26 24 24 13 7 3 2 53 22 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 19 20 52 0 9 0 0 39 9 10
2019 Métis 42 20 26 8 3 0 0 62 12 75
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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 24 12 8 4 2 1 76 12 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 50 30 10 4 2 1 3 83 7 4200
2024 First Nation 55 23 8 15 0 0 0 77 15 55
2024 Métis 46 28 13 2 7 3 2 78 9 60
2022 Indigenous 50 26 11 6 5 2 2 78 11 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 29 11 3 2 1 3 83 5 4205
2022 First Nation 52 18 7 10 7 4 2 75 17 45
2022 Métis 54 28 8 4 5 0 1 83 9 55
2020 Indigenous 51 26 12 5 3 1 3 80 8 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 53 28 11 4 2 1 2 84 5 4415
2020 Métis 60 24 7 3 2 2 2 88 5 55
2019 Indigenous 47 28 12 7 2 1 4 78 9 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 52 27 12 4 2 1 2 81 6 4755
2019 First Nation 34 34 16 7 4 0 6 72 11 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 39 37 0 12 11 0 0 77 23 10
2019 Métis 57 21 11 6 0 1 3 82 6 75

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 48 25 11 9 6 0 1 73 16 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 51 30 8 6 4 1 0 82 10 4195
2024 First Nation 51 24 11 8 6 0 0 75 14 50
2024 Métis 50 24 9 9 6 0 2 76 16 60
2022 Indigenous 45 34 9 5 6 2 0 80 11 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 32 8 6 3 0 1 84 8 4195
2022 First Nation 48 40 5 3 3 2 0 89 6 45
2022 Métis 48 28 11 5 8 0 0 76 13 55
2020 Indigenous 52 32 7 3 4 0 0 85 8 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 53 32 8 5 2 0 0 85 7 4420
2020 Métis 60 26 7 3 3 0 0 86 7 55
2019 Indigenous 43 30 11 7 5 1 2 76 13 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 32 9 6 3 0 1 82 9 4740
2019 First Nation 39 30 17 6 5 0 2 70 12 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 28 29 0 20 11 11 0 64 36 10
2019 Métis 49 31 9 5 4 0 2 81 9 75

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 53 21 11 8 7 0 0 74 15 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 55 27 8 6 4 0 0 82 10 4200
2024 First Nation 48 25 13 6 7 0 0 73 14 55
2024 Métis 58 19 7 7 9 0 0 77 16 60
2022 Indigenous 55 23 8 9 4 0 0 79 13 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 56 28 8 5 3 0 0 85 8 4205
2022 First Nation 48 33 7 7 5 0 0 81 12 45
2022 Métis 65 14 9 8 4 0 0 80 11 55
2020 Indigenous 70 17 5 6 2 0 0 87 8 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 60 26 7 4 2 0 0 87 6 4425
2020 Métis 72 17 6 5 0 0 0 89 5 55
2019 Indigenous 53 28 8 9 3 0 0 81 11 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 55 29 8 6 3 0 0 84 8 4765
2019 First Nation 46 36 6 7 6 0 0 81 12 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 40 28 0 32 0 0 0 68 32 10
2019 Métis 61 23 9 7 1 0 0 83 8 75

Senior management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 28 16 11 8 5 1 63 20 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 29 14 8 6 11 0 68 16 4195
2024 First Nation 28 42 16 10 3 2 0 70 13 55
2024 Métis 33 19 15 12 12 8 2 58 26 60
2022 Indigenous 29 33 9 15 6 8 0 68 23 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 30 13 6 4 10 0 74 11 4210
2022 First Nation 22 41 2 19 5 10 0 71 27 45
2022 Métis 34 26 11 12 9 8 0 65 23 55
2020 Indigenous 43 28 12 8 3 5 0 75 12 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 30 11 6 3 9 0 78 9 4425
2020 Métis 50 27 10 7 3 2 0 79 11 55
2019 Indigenous 35 28 21 7 6 3 0 66 13 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 33 14 6 4 8 0 74 11 4755
2019 First Nation 24 36 22 4 9 6 0 63 14 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 60 0 9 12 20 0 0 60 32 10
2019 Métis 41 27 21 8 1 2 0 69 10 75

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 28 17 12 18 2 0 53 30 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 30 16 14 11 4 0 57 27 4195
2024 First Nation 17 45 12 10 12 4 0 64 23 55
2024 Métis 32 18 18 9 24 0 0 49 33 60
2022 Indigenous 25 35 15 12 10 2 0 61 23 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 34 16 10 8 3 0 64 19 4205
2022 First Nation 15 42 11 11 17 4 0 60 29 45
2022 Métis 33 30 16 14 7 0 0 62 22 55
2020 Indigenous 38 31 16 6 8 1 0 70 14 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 35 15 9 5 2 0 71 14 4415
2020 Métis 42 27 20 2 7 2 0 71 9 55
2019 Indigenous 33 29 17 11 7 3 0 64 19 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 35 16 10 6 3 0 66 17 4745
2019 First Nation 18 34 21 12 10 6 0 54 23 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 52 8 9 23 9 0 0 60 32 10
2019 Métis 41 30 16 7 5 2 0 71 13 75

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 22 15 17 21 6 0 44 40 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 25 18 18 15 7 0 46 35 4195
2024 First Nation 19 27 18 15 18 4 0 48 33 55
2024 Métis 23 20 13 12 23 8 0 47 39 60
2022 Indigenous 20 29 13 16 15 6 0 52 33 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 30 19 15 11 6 0 53 27 4205
2022 First Nation 13 30 18 11 22 6 0 46 35 45
2022 Métis 26 30 6 18 12 8 0 60 33 55
2020 Indigenous 24 36 17 12 7 3 0 62 20 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 33 18 15 7 5 0 58 22 4405
2020 Métis 24 37 18 10 7 4 0 64 17 55
2019 Indigenous 23 26 18 17 12 4 0 51 29 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 31 19 15 8 6 0 55 25 4745
2019 First Nation 14 23 20 20 19 4 0 39 40 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 40 19 0 32 9 0 0 60 40 10
2019 Métis 27 30 19 12 7 4 0 60 20 75

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 23 26 17 13 19 2 0 50 33 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 29 17 19 14 4 0 47 35 4195
2024 First Nation 18 31 20 22 9 0 0 48 31 55
2024 Métis 30 23 15 6 22 4 0 54 30 60
2022 Indigenous 21 32 7 21 15 3 0 55 37 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 32 17 16 12 3 0 54 28 4210
2022 First Nation 16 31 9 19 18 6 0 51 40 45
2022 Métis 24 36 3 24 12 1 0 60 37 55
2020 Indigenous 29 35 15 13 7 1 0 65 20 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 37 17 15 7 2 0 61 22 4420
2020 Métis 32 40 13 11 3 2 0 72 14 55
2019 Indigenous 18 29 21 19 10 3 0 49 30 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 32 18 17 10 3 0 53 28 4750
2019 First Nation 10 36 16 21 13 4 0 48 35 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 20 11 40 9 20 0 0 31 29 10
2019 Métis 24 27 22 18 6 3 0 52 25 75
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Workforce

Performance management

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 25 15 14 16 0 0 56 30 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 36 15 10 7 0 0 68 17 4200
2024 First Nation 29 27 14 19 11 0 0 56 30 55
2024 Métis 33 22 17 8 20 0 0 55 28 60
2022 Indigenous 34 36 8 13 10 0 0 70 23 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 36 14 9 6 0 0 72 15 4210
2022 First Nation 45 21 4 11 19 0 0 66 30 45
2022 Métis 28 44 10 12 5 0 0 73 17 55
2020 Indigenous 45 33 9 7 7 0 0 78 13 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 38 12 8 4 0 0 76 12 4420
2020 Métis 45 34 10 5 5 0 0 79 10 55
2019 Indigenous 33 31 12 13 9 1 0 65 23 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 38 13 9 5 0 0 73 14 4755
2019 First Nation 25 39 14 15 7 0 0 64 22 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 28 17 12 24 20 0 0 45 44 10
2019 Métis 41 28 11 11 9 1 0 70 20 75

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 41 4 13 11 0 0 72 25 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 45 8 9 4 0 0 80 12 4200
2024 First Nation 31 43 2 18 7 0 0 74 24 55
2024 Métis 33 39 6 10 13 0 0 72 22 60
2022 Indigenous 33 47 6 12 2 0 0 80 14 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 47 7 8 3 0 0 83 11 4205
2022 First Nation 38 41 5 14 2 0 0 78 17 45
2022 Métis 35 50 6 7 2 0 0 85 9 55
2020 Indigenous 50 31 8 7 4 0 0 81 11 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 43 9 7 2 0 0 81 10 4410
2020 Métis 49 31 12 6 2 0 0 80 7 55
2019 Indigenous 36 36 11 11 6 0 0 72 17 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 44 11 9 3 0 0 78 12 4730
2019 First Nation 32 44 10 8 7 0 0 75 15 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 20 28 20 23 9 0 0 48 32 10
2019 Métis 42 32 11 12 3 0 0 74 15 75

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 31 13 9 7 0 0 71 16 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 32 10 8 4 0 0 78 12 4200
2024 First Nation 41 31 15 8 6 0 0 72 13 55
2024 Métis 42 29 10 10 9 0 0 71 19 60
2022 Indigenous 43 29 11 11 6 0 0 72 18 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 35 10 6 4 0 0 80 10 4210
2022 First Nation 46 28 8 13 5 0 0 74 18 45
2022 Métis 45 23 13 10 9 0 0 68 18 55
2020 Indigenous 51 33 10 3 3 0 0 84 7 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 32 10 6 3 0 0 82 9 4410
2020 Métis 54 31 12 2 2 0 0 85 3 55
2019 Indigenous 45 28 14 7 6 1 0 73 13 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 33 11 7 3 0 1 78 11 4765
2019 First Nation 35 38 11 8 7 0 0 73 16 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 28 40 9 0 23 0 0 68 23 10
2019 Métis 55 19 16 7 2 1 0 74 10 75

Job fit and development

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 34 16 13 9 0 0 62 22 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 42 12 12 4 0 0 72 16 4195
2024 First Nation 19 39 18 15 9 0 0 58 25 55
2024 Métis 38 28 15 10 9 0 0 66 19 60
2022 Indigenous 35 40 11 10 4 0 0 75 14 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 42 10 9 3 0 0 78 12 4200
2022 First Nation 34 38 8 16 5 0 0 72 20 45
2022 Métis 36 39 14 7 5 0 0 75 12 55
2020 Indigenous 46 38 7 7 2 0 0 84 9 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 42 11 7 2 0 1 80 9 4400
2020 Métis 46 39 10 5 0 0 0 85 5 55
2019 Indigenous 36 41 11 9 2 0 0 77 12 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 42 12 10 3 0 0 76 12 4750
2019 First Nation 40 45 5 8 2 0 0 85 10 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 0 49 20 31 0 0 0 49 31 10
2019 Métis 40 37 14 7 2 0 0 77 9 75

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 55 20 10 6 8 0 2 76 14 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 53 26 10 5 4 1 1 81 9 4195
2024 First Nation 57 19 14 4 7 0 0 76 11 55
2024 Métis 57 17 8 4 11 0 4 77 15 60
2022 Indigenous 55 20 14 4 4 1 1 77 8 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 27 10 4 3 1 1 83 7 4200
2022 First Nation 51 27 13 0 3 3 2 83 3 45
2022 Métis 60 14 14 6 5 0 1 76 10 55
2020 Indigenous 56 23 13 2 5 0 0 80 8 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 25 10 4 3 1 1 83 7 4410
2020 Métis 61 22 11 3 3 0 0 82 7 55

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 31 11 13 16 2 1 58 30 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 33 18 14 11 3 0 55 26 4200
2024 First Nation 27 38 12 9 14 0 0 65 23 55
2024 Métis 24 27 10 16 17 3 1 54 35 60
2022 Indigenous 30 32 9 12 13 3 1 65 26 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 37 18 11 7 2 0 63 19 4210
2022 First Nation 23 44 9 4 18 2 0 68 23 45
2022 Métis 35 25 9 15 10 5 3 64 27 55
2020 Indigenous 37 29 17 10 5 1 0 67 15 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 37 18 11 6 2 0 64 17 4410
2020 Métis 44 31 16 3 3 3 0 77 7 55
2019 Indigenous 26 30 19 16 8 2 0 57 24 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 35 18 13 7 3 0 61 20 4755
2019 First Nation 12 34 18 26 7 2 0 47 34 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 20 19 29 11 20 0 0 39 32 10
2019 Métis 36 30 19 8 6 1 0 67 14 75

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 46 19 14 8 6 1 6 49 51 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 41 26 14 6 6 1 5 44 56 4200
2024 First Nation 39 27 8 9 7 0 9 43 57 55
2024 Métis 53 13 18 8 4 0 4 55 45 60
2022 Indigenous 45 20 12 10 7 1 7 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 26 14 5 4 1 5 4205
2022 First Nation 30 28 12 6 13 2 8 45
2022 Métis 54 18 10 10 3 0 6 55
2020 Indigenous 43 26 18 5 4 1 4 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 48 25 15 6 3 1 3 4425
2020 Métis 52 22 14 5 2 0 5 55
2019 Indigenous 46 30 15 5 1 0 4 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 50 26 13 5 3 1 3 4760
2019 First Nation 40 35 14 6 0 0 5 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 20 28 44 0 0 0 9 10
2019 Métis 54 26 11 4 1 0 3 75

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 57 8 12 1 5 1 15 68 32 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 57 13 8 4 5 1 13 66 34 4200
2024 First Nation 52 4 14 2 5 2 21 68 32 55
2024 Métis 60 10 12 2 6 0 11 67 33 60

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 54 21 5 2 7 4 7 60 40 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 72 8 4 2 3 4 7 81 19 4195
2024 First Nation 47 24 8 0 8 4 11 54 46 55
2024 Métis 64 16 4 2 8 4 2 68 32 60
2022 Indigenous 67 12 4 4 5 2 6 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 76 8 3 2 2 4 5 4205
2022 First Nation 59 17 3 2 9 3 6 45
2022 Métis 74 7 3 4 4 2 7 55
2020 Indigenous 77 7 5 2 4 2 3 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 80 7 3 2 2 3 4 4410
2020 Métis 82 10 4 0 2 0 3 55
2019 Indigenous 70 9 8 4 4 2 3 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 78 8 4 1 2 3 4 4740
2019 First Nation 68 9 9 2 4 6 2 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 8 24 0 11 0 9 10
2019 Métis 76 10 3 5 3 0 2 75

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 65 9 5 4 2 1 15 77 23 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 72 6 3 1 2 2 13 85 15 4200
2024 First Nation 58 4 8 7 0 0 23 75 25 55
2024 Métis 71 14 2 3 3 1 6 77 23 60

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 52 18 10 5 3 1 13 59 41 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 11 6 3 4 2 11 72 28 4200
2024 First Nation 48 15 10 8 0 0 20 60 40 55
2024 Métis 60 20 6 3 6 1 5 64 36 60

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 32 12 20 21 1 2 44 43 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 33 12 17 16 2 2 52 35 4200
2024 First Nation 2 36 12 30 15 2 3 40 47 55
2024 Métis 20 27 11 15 24 2 2 49 40 60
2022 Indigenous 27 33 8 13 14 3 1 62 29 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 35 11 14 13 3 3 60 28 4210
2022 First Nation 23 40 6 12 18 0 0 64 30 45
2022 Métis 32 29 10 11 9 6 3 67 22 55
2020 Indigenous 33 30 10 13 13 0 1 63 27 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 30 17 14 11 2 3 56 26 4425
2020 Métis 40 36 4 15 5 0 0 76 20 55
2019 Indigenous 25 24 13 18 17 2 1 50 36 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 30 15 14 13 3 2 56 28 4765
2019 First Nation 15 22 13 21 21 5 2 41 46 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 12 19 23 25 20 0 0 31 46 10
2019 Métis 34 26 12 14 14 1 0 61 28 75

Empowerment

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 40 7 10 16 0 0 68 26 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 29 41 12 11 6 0 0 70 17 4195
2024 First Nation 31 45 10 4 10 0 0 76 14 55
2024 Métis 28 36 3 11 21 0 0 64 32 60
2022 Indigenous 31 42 9 9 9 0 0 73 18 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 41 10 9 4 0 0 77 13 4200
2022 First Nation 28 43 9 9 12 0 0 70 21 45
2022 Métis 37 38 8 8 9 0 0 75 17 55
2020 Indigenous 42 34 9 12 4 0 0 75 16 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 42 11 7 3 0 0 79 10 4400
2020 Métis 43 37 9 9 2 0 0 81 10 55
2019 Indigenous 31 45 11 7 6 0 0 75 13 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 40 12 9 4 0 0 75 13 4735
2019 First Nation 29 46 7 7 12 0 0 75 18 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 20 36 32 0 11 0 0 56 11 10
2019 Métis 33 45 12 8 1 0 0 79 10 75

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 34 14 6 11 0 1 68 18 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 36 13 8 5 0 0 74 13 4195
2024 First Nation 34 37 17 4 6 0 2 72 10 50
2024 Métis 34 34 12 8 13 0 0 67 21 60
2022 Indigenous 42 33 9 10 5 0 0 76 15 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 36 12 7 4 0 0 78 10 4205
2022 First Nation 44 35 6 4 10 0 0 80 14 45
2022 Métis 46 28 10 14 3 0 0 74 16 55
2020 Indigenous 47 32 10 4 5 0 1 80 10 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 37 13 6 3 0 0 78 9 4420
2020 Métis 51 35 5 7 2 0 0 86 9 55
2019 Indigenous 40 32 14 8 6 0 0 72 14 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 36 13 8 4 0 0 75 12 4760
2019 First Nation 38 34 10 8 10 0 0 72 17 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 28 26 23 12 11 0 0 54 23 10
2019 Métis 43 32 16 6 2 0 0 75 9 75

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 33 12 11 12 0 0 65 24 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 39 13 9 5 0 1 72 14 4200
2024 First Nation 33 37 12 12 6 0 0 70 18 55
2024 Métis 35 30 8 9 18 0 0 65 27 60
2022 Indigenous 37 36 14 8 5 0 0 72 14 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 38 12 8 4 0 1 76 12 4205
2022 First Nation 39 34 9 13 5 0 0 73 17 45
2022 Métis 41 33 16 5 5 0 0 74 9 55
2020 Indigenous 47 31 10 5 3 2 2 81 8 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 42 12 7 2 0 1 78 9 4400
2020 Métis 48 35 10 3 2 2 0 84 5 55
2019 Indigenous 37 40 9 9 4 0 0 78 13 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 42 13 8 3 1 1 76 12 4715
2019 First Nation 23 54 11 8 4 0 0 77 12 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 20 36 20 23 0 0 0 56 23 10
2019 Métis 50 32 6 8 5 0 0 82 13 75

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 42 11 13 8 4 0 67 21 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 42 17 11 5 4 0 65 17 4200
2024 First Nation 18 52 12 10 6 2 0 72 16 55
2024 Métis 27 34 12 11 10 7 0 65 22 60
2022 Indigenous 24 37 11 9 9 8 1 68 20 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 44 16 9 4 4 1 70 13 4205
2022 First Nation 24 40 11 5 13 8 0 70 19 45
2022 Métis 24 40 7 11 9 7 3 71 21 55
2020 Indigenous 30 41 14 9 4 2 0 72 14 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 45 17 8 2 4 0 71 11 4420
2020 Métis 33 41 12 13 0 2 0 75 13 55
2019 Indigenous 22 38 20 12 4 4 0 62 17 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 44 19 9 3 4 0 68 13 4760
2019 First Nation 15 41 19 8 10 7 0 60 20 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 20 17 32 23 9 0 0 36 32 10
2019 Métis 26 39 20 12 0 2 0 67 12 75

Work-life balance and workload

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 36 7 12 10 0 0 71 22 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 33 11 9 8 0 0 72 17 4195
2024 First Nation 32 43 2 12 11 0 0 74 24 55
2024 Métis 37 30 13 12 8 0 0 67 20 60
2022 Indigenous 53 22 9 8 8 0 1 75 16 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 34 9 6 5 0 0 80 11 4205
2022 First Nation 53 21 2 5 17 0 2 76 22 45
2022 Métis 53 23 12 9 2 0 0 76 12 55
2020 Indigenous 49 30 10 8 3 0 0 79 11 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 32 10 7 3 0 0 80 10 4410
2020 Métis 50 34 9 5 2 0 0 84 7 55
2019 Indigenous 50 23 9 13 3 0 1 74 16 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 32 9 6 3 0 1 81 9 4755
2019 First Nation 48 25 9 12 6 0 0 73 18 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 39 29 11 9 12 0 0 68 20 10
2019 Métis 53 22 9 14 0 0 2 77 14 75

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 32 17 8 2 0 1 72 11 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 34 15 7 5 0 1 73 12 4205
2024 First Nation 36 33 17 12 1 0 0 69 13 55
2024 Métis 46 28 15 5 3 0 2 76 9 60
2022 Indigenous 37 32 16 8 6 0 0 69 15 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 33 16 8 6 0 1 69 15 4210
2022 First Nation 34 30 20 7 10 0 0 63 17 45
2022 Métis 41 31 16 7 5 0 0 72 12 55
2020 Indigenous 37 32 20 7 3 0 1 69 11 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 35 17 9 5 0 0 68 14 4395
2020 Métis 39 35 17 7 2 0 0 74 9 55
2019 Indigenous 35 40 14 8 3 0 0 75 11 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 35 16 7 5 0 0 72 12 4745
2019 First Nation 28 43 10 13 7 0 0 71 19 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 20 48 32 0 0 0 0 68 0 10
2019 Métis 42 37 14 6 1 0 0 79 7 75

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 62 23 5 4 4 0 1 86 9 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 67 21 4 2 2 1 2 92 4 4200
2024 First Nation 64 18 6 7 2 0 2 84 10 55
2024 Métis 64 25 6 1 5 0 0 88 6 60
2022 Indigenous 71 16 4 3 3 1 2 90 6 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 67 22 4 2 2 1 2 92 4 4210
2022 First Nation 71 18 2 8 0 0 2 90 8 45
2022 Métis 77 14 4 0 1 1 2 95 1 55

Mobility and retention

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Unsure
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 34 27 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 34 28 4200
2024 First Nation 34 43 24 55
2024 Métis 41 32 27 60
2022 Indigenous 38 28 34 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 33 30 4210
2022 First Nation 43 34 23 45
2022 Métis 35 25 40 55
2020 Indigenous 26 34 40 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 41 35 4430
2020 Métis 28 31 41 55
2019 Indigenous 36 34 30 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 39 34 4770
2019 First Nation 30 34 37 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 28 60 11 10
2019 Métis 43 30 27 75

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic To retire
(%)		 To pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)		 End of my term, casual or student employment
(%)		 Other reason
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 17 31 31 6 3 13 50
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 33 19 7 22 7 1535
2024 First Nation 17 19 36 7 8 12 20
2024 Métis 17 46 25 6 0 6 25
2022 Indigenous 20 34 24 5 11 7 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 35 19 5 21 8 1500
2022 First Nation 23 27 29 6 10 5 20
2022 Métis 17 33 23 4 14 9 20
2020 Indigenous 24 30 14 10 12 10 30
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 34 25 5 13 5 1040
2020 Métis 20 37 24 13 6 0 15
2019 Indigenous 16 27 23 4 24 5 50
2019 Non-Indigenous 15 28 24 5 23 5 1305
2019 Métis 11 32 25 3 26 3 30
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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 38 6 7 10 0 0 77 17 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 44 40 7 6 2 0 0 84 8 4195
2024 First Nation 43 35 8 7 6 0 0 79 13 55
2024 Métis 38 38 4 6 13 0 0 76 19 60
2022 Indigenous 47 34 12 4 3 0 0 81 7 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 39 6 4 2 0 0 88 6 4195
2022 First Nation 45 37 9 7 2 0 0 83 8 45
2022 Métis 54 30 9 4 4 0 0 84 7 55
2020 Indigenous 59 26 11 2 3 0 0 85 4 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 38 8 4 2 0 0 87 5 4405
2020 Métis 56 35 5 0 3 0 0 92 3 55
2019 Indigenous 46 36 10 6 2 0 0 82 8 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 40 8 5 2 0 0 85 7 4745
2019 First Nation 39 47 9 6 0 0 0 85 6 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 40 17 32 0 12 0 0 56 12 10
2019 Métis 52 32 9 6 2 0 0 83 8 75

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 39 16 7 11 3 0 65 19 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 43 18 12 5 2 0 64 18 4200
2024 First Nation 27 45 16 8 2 2 0 73 11 55
2024 Métis 22 37 16 4 16 5 0 62 21 60
2022 Indigenous 25 43 11 13 6 1 1 70 19 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 46 15 9 4 1 0 71 14 4205
2022 First Nation 14 61 5 14 5 2 0 76 19 45
2022 Métis 34 32 12 10 8 1 3 68 19 55
2020 Indigenous 31 42 14 8 5 1 0 73 13 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 46 16 8 3 1 0 73 11 4415
2020 Métis 34 46 11 6 2 2 0 81 8 55
2019 Indigenous 22 41 19 13 4 1 0 64 17 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 44 17 10 4 2 0 69 13 4760
2019 First Nation 12 46 25 12 4 1 0 59 15 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 16 12 20 43 9 0 0 28 52 10
2019 Métis 30 42 14 11 4 0 0 72 14 75

Organizational performance

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 15 30 28 18 7 0 2 26 45 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 23 39 18 8 1 2 27 33 4185
2024 First Nation 16 29 31 17 6 0 2 23 46 50
2024 Métis 11 29 26 21 11 0 2 33 40 60
2022 Indigenous 10 25 30 18 14 0 3 33 36 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 21 39 22 8 1 2 31 29 4195
2022 First Nation 13 25 22 18 19 0 4 38 40 45
2022 Métis 8 20 41 18 11 0 3 30 28 55
2020 Indigenous 8 16 43 21 10 0 2 32 25 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 20 39 24 8 1 1 32 28 4415
2020 Métis 5 22 36 23 13 0 2 36 27 55
2019 Indigenous 9 26 32 22 8 1 2 30 37 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 22 38 21 9 1 1 31 30 4760
2019 First Nation 9 22 41 21 3 2 2 25 32 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 9 68 0 23 0 0 0 23 77 10
2019 Métis 9 23 31 22 12 1 1 35 33 75

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 25 28 15 5 2 1 21 51 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 28 30 13 7 1 3 20 49 4190
2024 First Nation 25 28 26 14 5 2 0 20 53 50
2024 Métis 20 23 31 18 6 0 2 24 44 60
2022 Indigenous 20 26 28 14 6 2 5 21 49 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 27 30 15 7 1 3 23 46 4200
2022 First Nation 26 24 28 16 0 2 4 17 53 45
2022 Métis 15 25 34 11 10 2 4 22 43 55
2020 Indigenous 15 21 36 14 10 3 1 25 38 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 16 27 31 16 7 2 1 23 44 4415
2020 Métis 14 26 37 12 10 2 0 22 41 55
2019 Indigenous 23 19 29 16 8 2 3 26 44 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 26 29 15 8 2 2 24 45 4755
2019 First Nation 24 18 33 13 7 2 2 21 44 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 32 17 39 12 0 0 0 12 49 10
2019 Métis 20 20 25 19 10 3 4 31 42 75

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 17 29 25 14 0 2 40 30 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 16 31 29 14 0 2 43 25 4190
2024 First Nation 9 26 23 27 14 0 0 41 35 50
2024 Métis 14 9 34 25 14 0 4 41 23 60
2022 Indigenous 5 15 38 26 13 0 4 41 20 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 17 32 26 14 0 2 42 25 4200
2022 First Nation 3 13 39 25 15 0 4 42 18 45
2022 Métis 3 18 39 24 12 0 4 37 23 55
2020 Indigenous 6 14 35 26 16 1 2 43 21 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 17 33 28 13 1 1 42 25 4400
2020 Métis 9 16 34 21 19 2 0 40 25 55
2019 Indigenous 5 23 30 24 16 1 2 41 28 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 18 31 28 15 1 1 43 25 4730
2019 First Nation 5 15 35 24 14 2 5 41 22 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 0 11 57 20 12 0 0 32 11 10
2019 Métis 4 30 23 24 18 0 1 42 34 75

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 23 21 17 11 2 2 29 48 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 22 27 18 12 1 3 30 42 4185
2024 First Nation 25 19 27 18 9 2 0 27 45 55
2024 Métis 20 27 14 17 14 3 4 34 51 60
2022 Indigenous 20 22 22 15 15 1 6 32 44 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 22 25 19 14 2 4 35 39 4195
2022 First Nation 27 23 14 13 16 2 6 31 54 45
2022 Métis 14 20 30 15 16 0 5 33 35 55
2020 Indigenous 12 19 28 25 12 2 2 38 33 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 21 28 22 13 2 2 36 35 4410
2020 Métis 10 22 33 16 17 2 0 34 33 55
2019 Indigenous 16 21 30 18 11 2 3 30 39 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 21 28 19 13 2 2 34 37 4750
2019 First Nation 15 24 35 11 11 2 2 23 40 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 20 20 28 20 0 11 0 23 45 10
2019 Métis 16 19 27 23 12 0 3 36 36 75

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 16 11 26 22 20 0 4 45 28 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 15 27 24 17 3 5 45 26 4190
2024 First Nation 14 11 39 16 18 0 2 35 26 55
2024 Métis 19 7 16 25 26 0 7 56 28 60
2022 Indigenous 13 21 23 15 18 4 6 37 38 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 17 25 22 16 3 5 42 30 4205
2022 First Nation 13 30 17 14 19 6 2 35 47 45
2022 Métis 12 17 25 16 20 2 10 40 32 55
2020 Indigenous 6 16 20 28 20 6 4 53 25 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 13 25 30 20 3 2 53 20 4385
2020 Métis 7 19 20 25 23 5 2 51 28 55
2019 Indigenous 13 20 19 23 18 2 5 44 35 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 16 26 26 18 3 3 46 26 4735
2019 First Nation 11 21 16 24 18 2 8 46 36 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 32 20 9 20 12 8 0 35 56 10
2019 Métis 12 18 23 23 20 1 3 45 32 75

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 29 22 19 16 10 1 3 28 53 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 24 29 15 10 2 2 26 44 4195
2024 First Nation 28 18 21 22 8 2 2 30 48 55
2024 Métis 28 24 17 14 13 0 4 28 54 60
2022 Indigenous 20 17 31 14 14 1 4 29 39 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 23 30 14 10 2 3 26 42 4200
2022 First Nation 21 10 40 10 17 0 2 28 32 45
2022 Métis 19 21 30 12 11 2 6 24 43 55
2020 Indigenous 13 18 34 18 11 4 2 31 33 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 23 32 18 10 2 1 28 38 4410
2020 Métis 13 21 30 21 10 5 0 33 36 55
2019 Indigenous 23 18 27 18 9 1 4 29 43 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 23 30 17 10 3 2 28 41 4750
2019 First Nation 24 22 27 11 10 2 4 22 49 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 44 9 28 20 0 0 0 20 52 10
2019 Métis 19 15 27 23 10 1 4 35 36 75

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 14 33 29 14 0 2 43 23 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 13 34 30 15 1 2 47 18 4195
2024 First Nation 7 14 39 33 7 0 0 41 21 55
2024 Métis 7 14 33 25 17 0 4 44 22 60
2022 Indigenous 6 9 28 34 20 1 2 55 16 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 11 33 31 18 1 2 50 16 4205
2022 First Nation 5 9 21 38 23 2 2 64 15 45
2022 Métis 8 9 34 31 16 0 3 48 17 55
2020 Indigenous 6 14 44 25 10 1 0 35 21 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 17 38 27 10 1 1 38 24 4420
2020 Métis 8 17 43 19 11 2 0 31 26 55
2019 Indigenous 14 22 34 21 6 1 2 28 37 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 21 36 21 11 1 1 33 31 4750
2019 First Nation 16 28 27 12 11 2 4 25 46 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 16 20 44 20 0 0 0 20 36 10
2019 Métis 13 17 37 28 4 1 1 32 30 75

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 31 17 19 19 2 0 44 39 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 30 20 22 14 4 0 42 38 4200
2024 First Nation 10 35 21 17 16 2 0 45 34 55
2024 Métis 16 30 13 17 22 2 0 47 40 60
2022 Indigenous 14 36 11 15 17 5 1 54 34 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 32 21 19 10 4 0 48 30 4210
2022 First Nation 13 45 12 9 18 4 0 60 28 45
2022 Métis 15 30 10 18 17 7 3 50 39 55
2020 Indigenous 25 38 19 14 4 0 0 63 18 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 38 21 14 5 4 0 58 20 4380
2020 Métis 27 44 15 12 2 0 0 71 14 55
2019 Indigenous 15 32 24 18 7 3 1 49 26 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 33 23 17 7 5 0 50 26 4730
2019 Métis 19 37 19 17 4 3 2 59 22 75

Diversity and inclusion

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 48 23 12 5 11 1 0 72 16 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 52 30 6 6 5 1 0 83 11 4200
2024 First Nation 45 31 11 3 9 0 0 76 13 55
2024 Métis 52 17 10 6 12 2 0 71 19 60
2022 Indigenous 54 25 6 11 3 1 0 81 14 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 56 28 6 5 3 1 0 85 9 4200
2022 First Nation 40 29 7 18 3 3 0 71 22 45
2022 Métis 67 21 6 4 3 0 0 88 6 55
2020 Indigenous 54 25 10 7 4 0 0 79 11 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 29 7 5 3 1 0 84 8 4410
2020 Métis 53 30 9 5 3 0 0 82 9 55
2019 Indigenous 49 26 11 9 3 1 0 76 13 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 52 30 7 7 3 1 0 83 10 4755
2019 First Nation 45 24 10 14 5 2 0 70 20 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 36 24 9 20 12 0 0 60 32 10
2019 Métis 55 29 10 5 1 0 0 84 6 75

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 56 22 8 7 6 1 0 79 13 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 60 28 5 5 2 0 0 88 7 4200
2024 First Nation 61 21 6 8 4 0 0 82 12 55
2024 Métis 55 23 9 6 5 2 0 80 11 60
2022 Indigenous 62 22 9 4 4 0 0 83 8 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 63 28 4 3 2 0 0 91 5 4205
2022 First Nation 52 28 9 6 6 0 0 80 12 45
2022 Métis 70 17 9 3 1 0 0 88 4 55
2020 Indigenous 58 31 6 3 2 0 0 89 5 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 62 29 5 3 2 0 0 91 5 4410
2020 Métis 57 34 5 2 2 0 0 92 3 55
2019 Indigenous 56 29 7 4 3 1 0 85 7 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 59 29 6 4 2 0 0 88 6 4745
2019 First Nation 43 40 6 4 4 2 0 85 8 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 29 0 11 12 0 0 77 23 10
2019 Métis 67 20 9 3 2 0 0 87 4 75

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 46 28 15 3 5 2 0 76 8 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 51 35 8 4 2 1 0 86 6 4200
2024 First Nation 49 30 16 0 6 0 0 79 6 55
2024 Métis 46 28 16 1 5 3 0 77 6 60
2022 Indigenous 50 34 7 3 4 3 0 86 6 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 33 6 3 2 1 0 89 5 4200
2022 First Nation 40 37 7 7 6 3 0 79 13 45
2022 Métis 56 33 4 0 3 4 0 93 3 55
2020 Indigenous 56 30 8 4 1 0 0 86 5 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 53 35 7 3 1 1 0 88 4 4395
2020 Métis 61 29 7 3 0 0 0 90 3 55
2019 Indigenous 47 31 12 7 2 1 0 79 9 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 35 8 4 2 1 0 87 5 4760
2019 Métis 55 30 8 6 1 0 0 85 7 75

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 29 38 14 10 7 2 0 68 18 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 41 14 7 5 3 0 73 12 4200
2024 First Nation 30 45 13 8 4 0 0 75 12 55
2024 Métis 30 33 11 12 11 3 0 66 23 60
2022 Indigenous 34 40 8 8 7 2 1 77 15 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 42 11 6 3 3 0 79 9 4205
2022 First Nation 22 47 16 6 5 3 0 72 12 45
2022 Métis 43 34 3 6 9 2 3 81 16 55
2020 Indigenous 40 38 9 6 5 1 0 79 11 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 41 12 5 2 2 0 81 7 4395
2020 Métis 43 43 5 5 3 0 0 86 9 55
2019 Indigenous 41 32 12 6 7 2 0 75 13 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 41 12 4 2 2 0 82 7 4745
2019 First Nation 34 34 10 8 10 4 0 71 18 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 39 26 12 11 12 0 0 65 23 10
2019 Métis 47 32 14 4 2 0 0 79 7 75

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 34 16 7 4 5 0 71 12 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 29 40 14 6 3 7 1 75 10 4195
2024 First Nation 24 46 14 9 2 5 0 74 11 55
2024 Métis 42 24 18 3 6 6 0 71 10 60
2022 Indigenous 31 43 11 6 5 4 0 77 11 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 41 12 5 2 7 0 78 8 4205
2022 First Nation 26 44 15 10 2 4 0 72 12 45
2022 Métis 35 45 8 1 8 3 0 83 9 55
2020 Indigenous 44 34 11 3 4 4 0 82 7 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 37 13 4 2 5 0 80 6 4410
2020 Métis 55 31 7 0 2 5 0 91 2 55
2019 Indigenous 46 29 11 6 6 2 0 76 13 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 34 13 3 2 4 0 82 5 4750
2019 First Nation 39 29 19 6 4 4 0 70 10 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 39 17 12 0 23 9 0 62 25 10
2019 Métis 52 31 5 7 5 0 0 83 12 75

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 44 31 8 7 11 1 0 75 17 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 38 9 7 4 0 0 81 11 4200
2024 First Nation 38 39 9 8 6 0 0 77 14 55
2024 Métis 48 25 6 4 15 2 0 74 19 60
2022 Indigenous 45 35 7 6 7 0 0 80 13 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 36 6 4 2 0 0 87 7 4210
2022 First Nation 42 37 10 6 5 0 0 79 11 45
2022 Métis 51 31 4 4 10 0 0 82 14 55
2020 Indigenous 57 29 8 5 1 0 0 86 6 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 57 32 7 3 1 0 0 89 4 4405
2020 Métis 62 26 7 5 0 0 0 88 5 55
2019 Indigenous 52 27 12 6 3 0 0 79 9 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 33 8 3 2 0 0 87 5 4755
2019 First Nation 46 30 16 4 4 0 0 77 7 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 28 29 20 23 0 0 0 56 23 10
2019 Métis 59 25 8 5 2 0 0 85 8 75

Anti-racism

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 31 13 8 4 6 2 72 14 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 29 9 5 3 8 6 79 10 4200
2024 First Nation 34 34 11 12 5 4 0 71 18 55
2024 Métis 41 30 10 5 3 7 3 79 9 60
2022 Indigenous 50 27 3 5 6 9 0 85 12 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 28 8 5 3 6 4 82 9 4205
2022 First Nation 38 33 4 6 7 12 0 80 15 45
2022 Métis 58 26 1 5 1 7 0 92 7 55

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 33 15 10 4 6 1 69 14 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 29 10 6 4 8 6 77 11 4200
2024 First Nation 32 37 13 13 4 2 0 70 17 55
2024 Métis 34 32 15 5 3 9 2 74 10 60
2022 Indigenous 43 31 5 8 5 7 0 80 15 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 29 9 5 3 7 5 80 9 4205
2022 First Nation 32 31 9 15 3 10 0 70 20 45
2022 Métis 52 32 1 5 4 6 0 89 9 55

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 27 25 23 8 2 14 1 61 12 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 23 22 7 3 20 1 60 13 4200
2024 First Nation 20 29 23 14 0 14 0 56 17 55
2024 Métis 33 25 20 4 1 16 2 70 6 60
2022 Indigenous 25 24 28 7 5 10 2 56 13 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 28 22 6 2 15 1 64 10 4205
2022 First Nation 12 20 47 3 5 14 0 38 8 45
2022 Métis 36 28 14 9 3 8 3 72 13 55
2020 Indigenous 39 32 14 5 3 7 0 77 8 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 35 15 5 2 7 1 77 7 4420
2020 Métis 52 27 8 3 0 9 0 88 4 55

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 37 8 7 6 4 3 78 14 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 34 8 6 4 6 4 81 11 4195
2024 First Nation 29 46 5 11 3 5 0 79 15 55
2024 Métis 45 32 7 4 7 1 3 81 12 60
2022 Indigenous 47 29 8 6 4 5 2 81 11 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 36 8 5 3 5 3 83 8 4205
2022 First Nation 34 38 11 10 0 6 0 77 11 45
2022 Métis 59 24 4 4 4 3 3 87 8 55
2020 Indigenous 55 26 8 5 4 0 2 82 9 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 33 9 4 2 4 2 84 7 4400
2020 Métis 63 28 2 3 0 0 3 95 3 55

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 10 16 25 3 8 33 6 42 18 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 13 21 4 3 47 6 41 15 4195
2024 First Nation 10 17 26 3 4 33 8 44 12 55
2024 Métis 10 13 21 4 10 37 5 40 24 60
2022 Indigenous 14 17 17 7 7 35 3 50 22 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 13 21 3 3 47 4 45 13 4205
2022 First Nation 16 20 21 7 4 31 0 53 17 45
2022 Métis 15 15 15 5 8 38 4 51 23 55

Question 72. Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination: I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 5 14 13 40 22 2 13 69 55

Ethical workplace

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 30 15 11 10 5 3 60 23 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 30 15 7 6 8 7 67 15 4200
2024 First Nation 24 40 14 7 8 6 1 68 17 55
2024 Métis 28 24 15 10 13 7 4 58 25 60
2022 Indigenous 36 25 9 7 7 9 7 73 16 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 30 14 6 4 8 7 71 12 4200
2022 First Nation 25 26 12 9 9 11 8 63 22 45
2022 Métis 46 24 5 7 4 8 7 82 12 55
2020 Indigenous 34 32 21 4 5 3 3 69 9 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 33 15 6 3 7 5 72 11 4415
2020 Métis 36 31 21 3 2 6 2 72 6 55
2019 Indigenous 35 21 22 3 9 6 3 62 14 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 30 14 8 4 6 5 71 13 4755
2019 First Nation 22 21 27 4 14 10 3 49 21 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 20 28 20 0 32 0 0 48 32 10
2019 Métis 47 21 18 4 3 5 3 73 7 75

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 40 13 7 9 2 1 69 17 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 43 13 9 5 3 1 73 14 4200
2024 First Nation 28 49 7 8 7 0 2 78 15 55
2024 Métis 28 39 13 7 10 4 0 69 18 60
2022 Indigenous 33 39 6 9 9 3 1 75 18 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 42 13 7 3 3 1 76 11 4205
2022 First Nation 29 42 6 9 12 2 0 73 21 45
2022 Métis 37 39 5 6 6 4 3 82 13 55
2020 Indigenous 51 29 10 3 5 1 1 81 9 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 41 11 6 2 2 1 81 8 4410
2020 Métis 64 20 9 2 3 2 0 86 5 55
2019 Indigenous 39 34 11 6 6 4 0 76 12 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 40 12 7 3 2 1 77 10 4755
2019 First Nation 33 39 12 6 5 5 0 76 11 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 43 8 9 9 32 0 0 51 40 10
2019 Métis 42 34 11 6 3 3 0 79 9 75

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 38 16 8 10 1 0 67 18 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 41 17 6 4 2 0 73 10 4195
2024 First Nation 34 38 15 5 7 0 0 72 13 55
2024 Métis 25 37 16 10 11 2 0 63 21 60
2022 Indigenous 30 42 12 7 5 1 2 75 13 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 40 17 4 3 2 0 76 7 4205
2022 First Nation 23 49 10 8 7 2 0 74 16 45
2022 Métis 35 34 16 6 4 1 4 73 11 55
2020 Indigenous 48 31 15 3 3 1 0 79 5 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 39 14 3 2 2 0 81 5 4395
2020 Métis 59 29 9 2 2 0 0 87 3 55
2019 Indigenous 38 33 17 8 3 1 0 71 11 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 40 17 4 2 2 0 77 7 4745
2019 First Nation 26 34 32 6 2 0 0 60 8 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 51 9 11 9 20 0 0 60 29 10
2019 Métis 43 36 8 10 1 1 0 81 11 75

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 24 13 14 16 11 1 52 34 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 28 16 12 10 11 3 56 26 4200
2024 First Nation 18 26 13 13 12 16 1 54 30 55
2024 Métis 26 23 7 15 20 9 0 55 37 60
2022 Indigenous 24 33 11 10 14 6 2 61 26 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 29 16 10 7 12 3 60 20 4205
2022 First Nation 19 35 13 16 12 5 0 57 29 45
2022 Métis 26 33 10 6 14 7 4 67 22 55
2020 Indigenous 29 31 17 10 8 5 1 64 19 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 29 17 9 7 9 2 62 19 4400
2020 Métis 36 26 12 12 5 8 2 68 19 55
2019 Indigenous 21 24 18 15 14 5 2 49 31 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 27 18 11 8 10 3 57 22 4750
2019 First Nation 12 31 19 16 10 10 2 49 29 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 32 19 9 9 32 0 0 51 40 10
2019 Métis 26 20 20 14 14 3 3 48 31 75

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 43 5 12 6 0 0 78 17 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 47 5 13 5 0 0 77 18 4200
2024 First Nation 32 40 6 16 6 0 0 72 22 55
2024 Métis 41 40 4 11 4 0 0 81 15 60
2022 Indigenous 37 41 6 8 8 0 0 78 16 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 45 4 11 4 0 0 80 15 4205
2022 First Nation 36 37 9 9 9 0 0 73 17 45
2022 Métis 35 43 5 7 9 0 0 79 16 55
2020 Indigenous 43 40 4 10 3 0 0 83 13 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 49 6 10 2 0 0 81 13 4420
2020 Métis 44 43 2 10 2 0 0 87 11 55

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 30 6 18 19 0 1 56 38 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 33 8 15 13 0 0 63 29 4190
2024 First Nation 24 34 9 15 17 0 2 59 32 55
2024 Métis 25 28 4 20 22 0 0 54 42 60
2022 Indigenous 40 28 8 10 10 2 3 71 21 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 36 7 9 6 0 1 77 16 4205
2022 First Nation 45 20 6 9 18 2 2 66 27 45
2022 Métis 36 32 9 13 4 2 4 72 18 55
2020 Indigenous 40 31 13 12 4 0 0 71 16 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 41 11 11 3 0 0 76 14 4420
2020 Métis 51 30 9 5 5 0 0 81 10 55
2019 Indigenous 44 34 5 10 7 0 0 78 17 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 47 33 7 9 4 0 0 80 13 4760
2019 First Nation 46 33 3 8 9 0 0 79 18 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 23 48 0 11 17 0 0 72 28 10
2019 Métis 47 32 6 11 4 0 0 78 15 75

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 33 8 10 10 1 0 72 20 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 37 7 8 5 0 0 80 13 4195
2024 First Nation 36 34 8 10 9 2 0 72 20 50
2024 Métis 41 31 10 7 11 0 0 72 17 60
2022 Indigenous 54 24 9 8 3 0 2 80 11 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 34 6 5 3 0 0 85 8 4200
2022 First Nation 48 25 12 10 3 0 2 75 13 45
2022 Métis 59 23 6 7 3 0 3 84 10 55
2020 Indigenous 49 36 5 7 3 0 0 85 10 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 36 8 6 2 0 0 84 8 4395
2020 Métis 55 31 3 9 2 0 0 86 10 55
2019 Indigenous 56 28 7 6 3 0 0 84 9 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 34 6 4 1 0 0 88 5 4725
2019 First Nation 61 27 4 6 2 0 0 88 8 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 31 17 20 20 11 0 0 48 32 10
2019 Métis 56 32 7 3 3 0 0 87 6 75

Use of official languages

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 64 24 4 4 3 0 1 89 7 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 68 18 4 5 3 0 2 87 9 4200
2024 First Nation 65 22 4 2 7 0 0 87 9 55
2024 Métis 65 26 3 3 1 0 2 93 4 60

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 58 26 5 4 6 0 1 85 10 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 18 5 8 4 0 2 82 12 4195
2024 First Nation 52 35 6 0 8 0 0 86 8 55
2024 Métis 63 21 3 7 3 0 2 86 11 60

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 82 7 4 1 3 0 2 91 4 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 84 9 2 1 1 0 2 95 3 4200
2024 First Nation 81 5 5 0 7 0 2 88 7 55
2024 Métis 84 7 2 2 1 0 4 94 3 60
2022 Indigenous 81 13 0 2 1 1 2 97 3 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 83 9 3 1 1 0 2 95 3 4205
2022 First Nation 81 14 0 2 0 0 3 98 2 45
2022 Métis 87 8 0 3 0 0 2 97 3 55
2019 Indigenous 81 6 6 2 2 0 4 91 4 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 82 10 3 1 1 0 2 95 3 4755
2019 First Nation 72 9 8 0 4 0 7 87 4 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 80 9 11 0 0 0 0 89 0 10
2019 Métis 88 4 3 4 0 0 2 93 4 75

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 29 12 1 4 11 4 81 5 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 28 13 5 2 7 2 78 8 4200
2024 First Nation 43 27 13 0 0 11 6 85 0 55
2024 Métis 38 32 11 2 6 8 2 79 9 60
2022 Indigenous 41 28 14 6 0 8 3 78 7 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 26 15 5 2 8 2 75 8 4210
2022 First Nation 32 29 13 7 0 16 3 75 8 45
2022 Métis 45 28 15 5 0 4 3 79 5 55
2020 Indigenous 46 23 10 5 3 8 5 79 9 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 27 13 5 2 7 2 78 7 4425
2020 Métis 50 27 11 4 0 7 2 83 4 55
2019 Indigenous 44 24 11 4 5 10 3 78 10 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 24 12 5 3 10 2 78 9 4765
2019 First Nation 40 23 9 6 5 12 6 77 13 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 9 11 0 12 20 0 71 15 10
2019 Métis 46 27 11 3 4 7 2 80 7 75

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 19 81 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 4200
2024 First Nation 21 79 55
2024 Métis 17 83 60
2022 Indigenous 15 85 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 4205
2022 First Nation 11 89 45
2022 Métis 15 85 55
2020 Indigenous 10 90 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 94 4425
2020 Métis 9 91 55
2019 Indigenous 15 85 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 91 4760
2019 Métis 16 84 75

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 29 71 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 47 53 380
2022 Indigenous 41 59 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 57 290
2020 Indigenous 50 50 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 57 290
2019 Indigenous 66 34 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 55 435

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 64 36 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 61 39 380
2024 First Nation 66 34 10
2024 Métis 71 29 10
2022 Indigenous 68 32 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 57 43 290
2020 Indigenous 58 42 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 63 37 290
2019 Indigenous 67 33 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 60 40 435

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 380
2024 First Nation 0 100 10
2024 Métis 0 100 10
2022 Indigenous 12 88 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 290
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 290
2019 Indigenous 0 100 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 90 435
2019 Métis 0 100 10

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 380
2024 First Nation 0 100 10
2024 Métis 0 100 10
2022 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 290
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 0 100 290
2019 Métis 0 100 10

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 380
2024 First Nation 0 100 10
2022 Indigenous 14 86 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 290

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 95 380
2022 Indigenous 8 92 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 290

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 380
2022 Indigenous 13 87 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 290
2019 Métis 0 100 10

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 75 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 68 380
2022 Indigenous 13 87 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 66 295
2019 Indigenous 46 54 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 67 430
2019 Métis 54 46 10

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 48 52 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 41 59 380
2024 Métis 68 32 10
2022 Indigenous 62 38 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 56 295
2020 Indigenous 51 49 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 62 290
2019 Indigenous 51 49 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 60 430

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 63 37 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 51 380
2024 First Nation 56 44 10
2024 Métis 68 32 10
2022 Indigenous 63 37 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 52 295
2019 Indigenous 70 30 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 48 52 430

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 54 46 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 58 380
2024 First Nation 45 55 10
2024 Métis 70 30 10
2022 Indigenous 57 43 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 58 295
2019 Indigenous 35 65 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 60 430

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 78 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 70 380
2022 Indigenous 25 75 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 66 295
2020 Indigenous 51 49 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 67 290
2019 Indigenous 36 64 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 67 430
2019 Métis 53 47 10

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 64 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 46 54 380
2022 Indigenous 95 5 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 45 295
2019 Indigenous 51 49 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 49 430
2019 Métis 51 49 10

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 64 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 29 71 380
2024 Métis 54 46 10
2022 Indigenous 24 76 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 69 295
2019 Indigenous 24 76 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 69 430

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 First Nation 0 100 10
2022 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 295
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 2 98 290
2019 Métis 0 100 10

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 380
2024 First Nation 0 100 10
2022 Indigenous 8 92 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 295

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 380
2022 Indigenous 10 90 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 295
2019 Indigenous 0 100 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 92 430
2019 Métis 0 100 10

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 45 55 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 51 380
2024 Métis 76 24 10
2022 Indigenous 51 49 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 51 295
2020 Indigenous 40 60 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 53 290
2019 Indigenous 62 38 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 58 430
2019 Métis 61 39 10

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 83 380
2022 Indigenous 5 95 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 295
2019 Indigenous 31 69 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 78 430

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 380
2022 Indigenous 30 70 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 295
2019 Indigenous 25 75 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 86 430

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 50 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 58 42 380
2024 First Nation 49 51 10
2024 Métis 48 52 10
2022 Indigenous 67 33 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 49 295
2019 Indigenous 47 53 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 56 44 430

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 26 74 380
2022 Indigenous 22 78 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 77 295
2019 Indigenous 53 47 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 71 430

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 380
2022 Indigenous 5 95 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 295
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 290

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 72 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 82 380
2024 First Nation 0 100 10
2024 Métis 63 37 10
2022 Indigenous 38 62 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 295

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 380
2022 Indigenous 19 81 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 295

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 380
2024 First Nation 0 100 10
2022 Indigenous 13 87 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 295
2019 Indigenous 0 100 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 5 95 430
2019 Métis 0 100 10

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 380
2024 Métis 0 100 10
2022 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 295
2019 Indigenous 32 68 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 88 430

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 380
2024 Métis 0 100 10
2022 Indigenous 20 80 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 295

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 79 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 23 77 380
2022 Indigenous 15 85 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 73 295
2019 Indigenous 33 67 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 76 430

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 360
2024 First Nation 0 100 10
2022 Indigenous 15 85 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 275

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 73 360
2022 Indigenous 12 88 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 275
2019 Métis 0 100 10

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 360
2022 Indigenous 7 93 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 275

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 360
2024 First Nation 0 100 10
2022 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 275

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 360
2024 First Nation 0 100 10
2022 Indigenous 6 94 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 275

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 360
2022 Indigenous 12 88 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 275

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 360
2024 First Nation 0 100 10
2022 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 275

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 360
2024 First Nation 0 100 10
2022 Indigenous 32 68 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 275
2019 Métis 0 100 10

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 360
2022 Indigenous 18 82 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 275

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 68 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 70 360
2022 Indigenous 60 40 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 69 275
2019 Indigenous 53 47 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 70 405

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 360
2024 First Nation 0 100 10
2022 Indigenous 7 93 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 275

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 53 47 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 44 56 360
2024 First Nation 58 42 10
2022 Indigenous 45 55 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 52 275
2019 Indigenous 62 38 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 55 405

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 First Nation 0 100 10
2022 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 275
2019 Indigenous 0 100 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 1 99 405
2019 Métis 0 100 10

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 53 47 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 51 49 360
2024 First Nation 61 39 10
2022 Indigenous 65 35 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 59 41 275
2019 Indigenous 65 35 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 55 45 405
2019 Métis 61 39 10

Question 62o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 360

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 26 74 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 360
2022 Indigenous 31 69 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 275

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 10 15 8 10 32 11 42 32 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 13 11 5 4 43 13 53 21 4200
2024 First Nation 11 9 17 12 8 31 12 34 37 55
2024 Métis 16 14 8 3 11 38 11 58 26 60
2022 Indigenous 13 18 12 10 7 27 14 52 28 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 13 11 5 4 43 13 56 20 4205
2022 Métis 21 16 9 17 4 17 16 55 32 55
2020 Indigenous 20 21 16 4 5 27 7 61 15 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 17 14 4 3 36 9 62 12 4420
2020 Métis 23 18 18 3 3 31 3 63 10 55
2019 Indigenous 16 22 18 6 7 26 5 55 18 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 16 16 5 4 32 10 56 16 4760
2019 First Nation 10 28 18 3 7 27 6 57 16 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 12 20 29 20 12 8 0 34 35 10
2019 Métis 21 18 16 6 5 29 5 59 17 75

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 26 33 18 8 5 8 1 65 15 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 35 14 5 3 15 2 73 10 4195
2024 First Nation 21 34 21 12 3 5 3 60 17 55
2024 Métis 31 30 17 3 7 12 0 70 11 60
2022 Indigenous 22 40 17 3 6 10 2 70 11 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 38 12 5 2 12 2 78 8 4205
2022 First Nation 14 42 19 0 10 15 0 66 11 45
2022 Métis 28 40 14 6 3 6 4 74 10 55
2020 Indigenous 40 34 11 5 4 5 1 78 10 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 35 15 4 2 9 1 77 6 4420
2020 Métis 45 35 7 7 2 5 0 84 9 55
2019 Indigenous 35 31 15 8 5 7 0 70 14 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 34 15 4 3 10 1 76 8 4765
2019 First Nation 25 36 15 10 6 8 0 66 18 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 28 20 20 11 12 9 0 52 25 10
2019 Métis 43 28 14 7 2 5 0 75 10 75

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 88 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 4200
2024 First Nation 12 88 55
2024 Métis 11 89 60
2022 Indigenous 11 89 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 4205
2022 First Nation 14 86 45
2022 Métis 8 92 55
2020 Indigenous 11 89 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 5 95 4415
2020 Métis 13 87 55
2019 Indigenous 9 91 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 5 95 4755
2019 Métis 9 91 75

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 37 63 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 69 295
2022 Indigenous 36 64 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 73 235
2020 Indigenous 41 59 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 64 210

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 82 18 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 75 25 295
2022 Indigenous 76 24 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 78 22 235

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 98 295
2022 Indigenous 11 89 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 235
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 3 97 210

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 235
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 0 100 210
2019 Indigenous 0 100 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 0 100 220

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 295
2022 Indigenous 11 89 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 235

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 295
2022 Indigenous 28 72 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 235

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 295
2022 Indigenous 24 76 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 235

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 69 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 78 290
2022 Indigenous 46 54 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 77 235

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 61 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 81 290
2022 Indigenous 33 67 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 235

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 290
2022 Indigenous 20 80 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 235

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 290
2022 Indigenous 11 89 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 235
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 4 96 210

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 41 59 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 75 290
2022 Indigenous 7 93 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 77 235

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 68 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 70 290
2022 Indigenous 17 83 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 72 235
2020 Indigenous 60 40 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 67 210

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 290
2022 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 235
2019 Indigenous 0 100 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 3 97 220

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 290
2022 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 235
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 2 98 210

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 290
2022 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 235
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 93 210

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 78 290
2022 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 235

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 235

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 70 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 29 71 290
2022 Indigenous 6 94 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 78 235

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 235
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 0 100 210

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 69 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 70 295
2022 Indigenous 40 60 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 69 235
2020 Indigenous 57 43 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 64 210

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 295
2022 Indigenous 20 80 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 235
2020 Indigenous 40 60 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 87 210

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 95 295
2022 Indigenous 7 93 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 235
2019 Indigenous 0 100 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 4 96 220

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 295
2022 Indigenous 42 58 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 235

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 295
2022 Indigenous 11 89 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 235

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 295
2022 Indigenous 18 82 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 235
2019 Indigenous 0 100 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 94 220

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 295
2022 Indigenous 0 100 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 235
2019 Indigenous 0 100 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 94 220

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 295
2022 Indigenous 30 70 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 235
2019 Indigenous 0 100 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 88 220

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 44 56 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 52 48 295
2022 Indigenous 34 66 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 59 235
2019 Indigenous 64 36 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 57 220

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 280
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 225

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 76 280
2022 Indigenous 8 92 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 225

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 225

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 98 280
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 225

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 225

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 280
2022 Indigenous 8 92 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 225

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 95 280
2022 Indigenous 17 83 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 225

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 280
2022 Indigenous 21 79 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 225

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 280
2022 Indigenous 30 70 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 225

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 73 280
2022 Indigenous 31 69 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 73 225

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 280
2022 Indigenous 19 81 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 225

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 51 49 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 57 280
2022 Indigenous 24 76 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 57 225
2019 Indigenous 53 47 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 59 190

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 225

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 62 38 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 37 280
2022 Indigenous 56 44 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 66 34 225
2019 Indigenous 60 40 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 57 43 190

Question 69o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 280

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 280
2022 Indigenous 34 66 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 225
2019 Indigenous 0 100 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 90 190

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 15 19 4 8 32 8 48 20 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 13 13 3 3 46 9 55 15 4200
2024 Métis 19 16 12 3 10 35 6 58 22 60
2022 Indigenous 14 17 16 7 4 31 12 54 18 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 14 13 3 2 46 9 60 12 4205
2022 First Nation 16 17 10 6 7 36 8 59 24 45
2022 Métis 16 17 18 6 1 25 17 56 13 55
2020 Indigenous 23 19 18 6 2 27 6 62 11 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 16 15 3 2 38 7 64 9 4410
2020 Métis 27 20 12 7 2 27 5 69 13 55
2019 Indigenous 17 18 20 5 4 31 4 55 14 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 15 17 3 2 37 9 60 9 4755
2019 First Nation 12 23 20 6 5 28 6 54 16 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 8 12 44 0 0 36 0 31 0 10
2019 Métis 23 15 16 5 4 32 4 59 15 75

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 31 19 6 8 13 2 62 17 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 35 15 5 3 16 2 73 9 4200
2024 First Nation 13 36 17 9 5 12 6 61 18 55
2024 Métis 28 26 19 2 10 15 0 64 14 60
2022 Indigenous 25 39 14 3 4 12 2 75 9 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 37 13 3 2 13 1 78 7 4205
2022 First Nation 22 40 13 2 7 16 0 73 11 45
2022 Métis 30 40 13 2 3 8 4 80 6 55
2020 Indigenous 42 26 17 4 3 4 3 73 8 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 35 14 3 2 10 1 78 6 4420
2020 Métis 43 29 13 5 2 4 3 78 8 55
2019 Indigenous 38 26 16 9 1 9 0 71 12 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 32 14 3 2 12 1 78 5 4765
2019 First Nation 35 27 15 12 0 11 0 70 14 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 16 23 44 0 0 17 0 47 0 10
2019 Métis 45 26 12 8 3 5 0 75 12 75

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 87 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 4195
2024 First Nation 12 88 55
2024 Métis 15 85 60
2022 Indigenous 17 83 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 4205
2022 First Nation 20 80 45
2022 Métis 17 83 55
2020 Indigenous 16 84 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 91 4405
2020 Métis 17 83 55
2019 Indigenous 22 78 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 88 4765
2019 First Nation 21 79 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 23 77 10
2019 Métis 21 79 75

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 82 18 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 37 665
2024 Métis 76 24 10
2022 Indigenous 60 40 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 62 38 435
2022 First Nation 48 52 10
2022 Métis 74 26 10
2020 Indigenous 60 40 20
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 53 390
2020 Métis 48 52 10

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 68 32 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 75 25 665
2024 Métis 65 35 10
2022 Indigenous 83 17 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 71 29 430
2022 First Nation 70 30 10
2022 Métis 93 7 10
2020 Indigenous 90 10 20
2020 Non-Indigenous 79 21 395
2020 Métis 91 9 10
2019 Indigenous 86 14 30
2019 Non-Indigenous 87 13 560
2019 Métis 80 20 15

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 46 39 0 8 0 0 7 92 8 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 46 35 7 6 4 1 0 82 11 505
2022 Indigenous 43 35 12 5 5 0 0 78 10 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 40 7 6 3 1 0 84 10 305
2022 Métis 20 43 21 8 9 0 0 62 17 10
2020 Indigenous 67 16 11 6 0 0 0 83 6 20
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 34 8 6 2 1 0 84 8 315
2019 Indigenous 33 41 8 8 6 3 0 77 15 25
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 32 6 6 2 0 0 86 8 485
2019 Métis 40 24 17 7 13 0 0 63 20 15

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 38 7 5 5 3 2 82 11 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 41 36 8 6 3 2 3 82 10 4195
2024 First Nation 35 43 11 8 0 2 2 81 8 55
2024 Métis 43 36 5 2 8 5 1 85 11 60
2022 Indigenous 49 31 9 6 1 0 4 83 8 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 36 8 5 2 3 3 85 7 4205
2022 First Nation 35 41 15 5 0 0 4 79 5 45
2022 Métis 60 26 6 4 3 0 1 88 7 55
2020 Indigenous 47 34 7 1 4 3 3 87 5 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 34 7 4 1 3 3 87 5 4420
2020 Métis 55 27 7 2 2 6 2 89 4 55
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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 48 33 5 4 8 2 0 83 12 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 57 29 5 4 4 1 0 87 8 4200
2024 First Nation 55 27 7 7 5 0 0 81 12 55
2024 Métis 46 39 1 1 9 4 0 88 10 60
2022 Indigenous 60 25 8 3 4 0 0 85 7 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 56 30 6 4 3 1 0 87 7 4210
2022 First Nation 50 34 7 6 3 0 0 84 9 45
2022 Métis 70 16 9 1 4 0 0 86 5 55
2020 Indigenous 61 25 7 3 3 0 0 86 7 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 54 32 7 5 2 1 0 86 7 4395
2020 Métis 66 20 7 5 2 0 0 86 7 55

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 10 14 12 33 5 18 58 24 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 5 11 8 41 6 27 73 11 4185
2024 First Nation 7 17 14 17 21 5 18 50 32 55
2024 Métis 8 5 14 10 41 6 16 65 17 60
2022 Indigenous 7 10 10 8 41 4 20 65 23 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 4 10 8 45 6 24 76 10 4200
2022 First Nation 9 22 10 6 39 5 8 52 36 45
2022 Métis 2 4 9 11 42 4 27 78 9 55

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 43 19 9 7 2 0 65 16 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 43 14 10 5 3 0 70 15 4200
2024 First Nation 16 57 10 12 3 2 0 74 15 55
2024 Métis 25 38 22 6 6 3 0 65 13 60
2022 Indigenous 28 47 11 8 2 4 0 78 11 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 44 15 7 3 3 0 74 11 4210
2022 First Nation 23 52 7 12 3 2 0 77 16 45
2022 Métis 37 40 11 4 2 5 0 82 6 55
2020 Indigenous 47 38 8 6 1 0 0 85 7 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 41 9 3 1 1 0 87 4 4405
2020 Métis 56 34 3 6 0 0 0 90 6 55
2019 Indigenous 37 35 16 7 4 1 0 73 11 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 43 12 5 2 2 0 80 7 4745
2019 Métis 41 34 12 9 3 1 0 76 12 75

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)		 Very good
(%)		 Good
(%)		 Fair
(%)		 Poor
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 6 23 35 25 11 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 25 37 22 8 4200
2024 First Nation 1 23 33 27 15 55
2024 Métis 9 24 36 24 7 60
2022 Indigenous 7 30 33 20 11 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 27 37 21 6 4205
2022 First Nation 4 13 36 27 20 45
2022 Métis 10 42 32 12 4 55

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 53 26 7 5 6 2 0 81 11 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 54 28 9 4 3 2 0 84 7 4200
2024 First Nation 58 21 10 4 5 2 0 81 9 55
2024 Métis 50 32 5 3 7 2 0 84 11 60
2022 Indigenous 57 30 6 3 3 1 0 89 5 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 30 9 3 2 3 0 85 5 4210
2022 First Nation 56 32 4 0 6 3 0 91 6 45
2022 Métis 61 26 6 5 1 0 0 88 6 55
2020 Indigenous 57 25 9 4 4 1 0 82 8 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 54 28 10 3 2 2 0 85 5 4400
2020 Métis 64 27 5 2 0 2 0 93 2 55

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 44 31 4 8 11 2 0 76 20 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 28 9 10 7 1 0 73 18 4200
2024 First Nation 45 30 7 10 7 2 0 76 17 55
2024 Métis 46 32 1 7 11 2 0 80 18 60
2022 Indigenous 50 27 10 8 5 0 0 77 13 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 30 9 9 6 1 0 75 15 4205
2022 First Nation 47 28 6 14 6 0 0 75 19 45
2022 Métis 56 26 12 3 4 0 0 82 6 55
2020 Indigenous 52 25 5 11 7 0 0 77 18 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 32 11 10 5 1 0 74 14 4405
2020 Métis 60 21 5 10 4 0 0 81 14 55

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 38 11 16 14 0 0 59 30 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 23 40 14 13 8 2 0 64 21 4200
2024 First Nation 19 41 11 17 13 0 0 59 30 55
2024 Métis 24 38 10 14 14 0 0 62 28 60
2022 Indigenous 32 38 14 9 5 2 0 72 13 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 43 13 9 5 2 0 72 14 4205
2022 First Nation 23 41 18 8 6 4 0 67 15 45
2022 Métis 41 37 11 6 4 1 0 78 10 55
2020 Indigenous 46 30 12 8 3 1 0 77 11 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 37 14 8 3 1 0 74 11 4420
2020 Métis 51 28 12 7 0 2 0 81 7 55
2019 Indigenous 26 38 19 9 7 1 0 64 17 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 39 16 10 5 2 0 69 15 4765
2019 First Nation 17 42 18 12 8 4 0 61 20 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 20 20 28 20 12 0 0 40 32 10
2019 Métis 34 37 17 6 6 0 0 71 12 75

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 23 42 14 9 9 3 0 67 19 40
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 52 15 14 4 1 0 66 19 1445
2024 First Nation 16 54 15 15 0 0 0 70 15 15
2024 Métis 20 48 9 5 13 5 0 71 19 20
2022 Indigenous 17 47 24 12 0 0 0 64 12 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 52 15 13 4 2 0 68 17 1345
2022 First Nation 15 48 21 16 0 0 0 62 16 15
2022 Métis 16 48 28 8 0 0 0 64 8 25
2020 Indigenous 36 47 9 5 0 0 3 85 6 35
2020 Non-Indigenous 21 50 12 11 2 1 1 73 14 1370
2020 Métis 42 40 5 9 0 0 5 85 10 20
2019 Indigenous 23 34 21 14 6 2 0 58 20 35
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 44 18 13 4 2 2 64 17 1370
2019 Métis 14 38 18 21 4 4 0 54 27 20

Work-related stress

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 18 36 16 10 18 0 3 19 81 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 31 18 9 9 0 2 33 67 4185
2024 First Nation 17 34 16 10 20 0 3 18 82 55
2024 Métis 19 39 16 10 13 0 2 20 80 60
2022 Indigenous 26 28 20 10 14 0 3 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 30 19 9 10 0 2 4190
2022 First Nation 33 26 19 4 17 0 2 45
2022 Métis 24 31 22 11 9 0 3 55
2020 Indigenous 31 26 24 14 5 0 0 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 32 19 10 7 0 1 4405
2020 Métis 38 31 12 14 6 0 0 55
2019 Indigenous 19 21 20 20 18 0 2 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 30 22 13 14 0 1 4765
2019 First Nation 7 26 21 16 24 0 6 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 12 9 23 32 25 0 0 10
2019 Métis 29 20 18 21 13 0 0 75

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 30 26 11 12 0 2 20 80 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 29 27 14 13 0 1 15 85 4185
2024 First Nation 8 36 28 13 12 0 2 8 92 55
2024 Métis 27 27 22 10 12 0 2 27 73 60
2022 Indigenous 19 22 26 18 13 0 1 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 27 27 16 14 0 1 4190
2022 First Nation 24 19 20 20 17 0 0 45
2022 Métis 16 23 33 17 11 0 0 55
2020 Indigenous 25 24 24 16 10 0 0 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 27 27 18 11 0 0 4410
2020 Métis 27 27 23 17 7 0 0 55
2019 Indigenous 16 31 33 9 9 0 2 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 30 28 15 9 0 0 4760
2019 First Nation 11 33 28 13 11 0 4 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 12 40 48 0 0 0 0 10
2019 Métis 20 29 34 8 9 0 0 75

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 29 29 22 12 7 0 2 29 71 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 33 21 12 9 0 1 24 76 4180
2024 First Nation 28 26 25 11 9 0 2 28 72 55
2024 Métis 30 32 18 13 5 0 2 31 69 60
2022 Indigenous 35 23 22 10 9 0 1 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 30 23 12 9 0 1 4185
2022 First Nation 28 25 25 14 8 0 0 45
2022 Métis 40 21 20 8 11 0 0 55
2020 Indigenous 28 27 26 9 9 1 0 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 31 22 13 7 0 1 4410
2020 Métis 33 23 25 10 9 0 0 55
2019 Indigenous 24 37 20 9 6 0 4 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 32 22 11 6 0 1 4745
2019 First Nation 20 37 22 6 6 0 8 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 20 49 23 8 0 0 0 10
2019 Métis 28 36 17 11 8 0 1 70

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 17 31 18 12 20 0 2 17 83 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 23 23 16 17 0 1 19 81 4185
2024 First Nation 9 37 23 12 18 0 2 9 91 50
2024 Métis 27 24 13 11 24 0 2 27 73 60
2022 Indigenous 18 17 24 20 20 1 0 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 22 23 16 19 1 1 4195
2022 First Nation 15 21 19 21 24 0 0 45
2022 Métis 21 15 27 18 19 0 0 55
2020 Indigenous 24 26 22 17 10 0 1 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 21 26 22 16 12 1 1 4400
2020 Métis 25 30 21 13 11 0 0 55
2019 Indigenous 19 26 28 16 9 0 2 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 24 23 16 13 1 1 4740
2019 Métis 24 26 30 11 8 0 0 75

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 53 21 8 6 4 1 7 58 42 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 27 13 6 4 0 6 46 54 4190
2024 First Nation 48 24 10 5 3 2 7 53 47 50
2024 Métis 55 18 7 7 5 0 8 60 40 60
2022 Indigenous 52 15 14 6 7 0 6 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 27 14 8 6 0 5 4195
2022 First Nation 51 22 15 7 6 0 0 45
2022 Métis 54 13 13 6 8 0 6 55
2020 Indigenous 49 26 11 10 2 0 3 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 28 16 9 5 0 3 4400
2020 Métis 50 26 12 8 2 0 2 55
2019 Indigenous 45 30 15 3 1 0 6 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 44 28 13 6 4 0 4 4745
2019 First Nation 40 28 18 2 3 0 10 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 60 20 12 9 0 0 0 10
2019 Métis 47 32 14 2 0 0 4 75

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 22 16 13 15 0 2 33 67 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 23 28 23 12 14 0 1 23 77 4195
2024 First Nation 28 29 13 13 14 0 2 28 72 55
2024 Métis 33 17 20 11 16 0 2 34 66 60
2022 Indigenous 30 26 22 9 13 0 0 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 29 20 12 10 0 1 4195
2022 First Nation 20 23 31 8 18 0 0 45
2022 Métis 38 31 15 8 9 0 0 55
2020 Indigenous 27 23 29 14 7 0 0 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 24 29 23 14 9 0 0 4415
2020 Métis 32 22 33 12 2 0 0 55
2019 Indigenous 31 24 27 7 7 0 3 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 30 21 10 7 0 1 4755
2019 First Nation 27 24 29 8 7 0 4 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 20 20 52 0 9 0 0 10
2019 Métis 35 26 21 8 7 0 2 75

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 26 32 15 11 14 0 1 27 73 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 33 21 10 9 1 1 25 75 4190
2024 First Nation 18 36 15 13 13 0 3 19 81 55
2024 Métis 34 30 13 10 13 0 0 34 66 60
2022 Indigenous 27 34 17 13 8 1 1 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 33 20 9 6 1 2 4190
2022 First Nation 26 30 7 23 14 0 0 45
2022 Métis 28 36 22 7 4 0 2 55
2020 Indigenous 41 28 17 9 3 2 1 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 36 21 8 3 1 1 4410
2020 Métis 44 22 23 9 0 0 2 55
2019 Indigenous 30 34 16 7 10 1 2 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 37 21 9 5 1 1 4760
2019 First Nation 29 28 21 7 12 0 3 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 25 32 20 11 0 11 0 10
2019 Métis 32 40 12 6 10 0 1 75

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 25 12 20 17 0 1 25 75 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 31 23 12 10 1 1 21 79 4185
2024 First Nation 23 26 12 19 16 0 3 24 76 55
2024 Métis 30 23 12 20 15 0 0 30 70 60
2022 Indigenous 27 28 21 13 11 0 0 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 36 21 12 8 1 1 4195
2022 First Nation 29 22 19 18 12 0 0 45
2022 Métis 28 32 22 10 8 0 0 55
2020 Indigenous 31 34 21 9 4 0 1 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 36 23 10 5 0 1 4395
2020 Métis 39 29 19 11 2 0 0 55
2019 Indigenous 28 33 19 11 8 1 1 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 35 23 10 6 1 1 4755
2019 First Nation 24 38 14 15 7 0 2 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 28 39 24 0 9 0 0 10
2019 Métis 31 28 22 8 10 1 0 75

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 26 16 8 17 0 1 32 68 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 33 19 10 9 1 1 27 73 4190
2024 First Nation 23 31 21 6 15 0 3 24 76 55
2024 Métis 41 23 10 7 19 0 0 41 59 60
2022 Indigenous 32 27 22 9 10 0 1 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 33 18 10 7 0 1 4195
2022 First Nation 33 27 11 13 16 0 0 45
2022 Métis 34 25 28 6 7 0 0 55
2020 Indigenous 39 25 19 10 7 0 0 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 36 18 9 4 0 1 4400
2020 Métis 41 19 24 11 5 0 0 55
2019 Indigenous 28 34 15 14 9 0 1 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 33 22 10 5 0 1 4745
2019 First Nation 34 34 8 16 5 0 2 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 8 37 23 12 20 0 0 10
2019 Métis 26 33 19 13 8 0 0 75

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 19 16 7 15 0 1 42 58 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 29 13 7 7 0 1 43 57 4180
2024 First Nation 39 26 17 9 8 0 2 40 60 50
2024 Métis 45 17 11 5 22 0 0 45 55 60
2022 Indigenous 40 29 14 8 9 1 0 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 27 13 5 6 1 1 4195
2022 First Nation 46 18 11 12 13 0 0 45
2022 Métis 34 39 12 6 7 2 0 55
2020 Indigenous 56 21 9 7 7 0 0 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 48 28 12 7 4 0 1 4395
2020 Métis 63 14 9 7 7 0 0 55
2019 Indigenous 33 26 21 10 9 0 1 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 27 14 6 5 0 1 4740
2019 First Nation 28 22 30 12 6 0 2 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 36 20 24 0 20 0 0 10
2019 Métis 36 30 14 9 9 0 1 75

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 47 27 12 4 9 0 1 47 53 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 46 28 14 6 5 0 1 47 53 4190
2024 First Nation 41 30 16 4 7 0 2 42 58 55
2024 Métis 56 21 8 3 11 0 0 56 44 60
2022 Indigenous 46 27 17 3 6 0 0 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 29 13 5 4 0 1 4200
2022 First Nation 48 25 15 0 12 0 0 45
2022 Métis 45 27 20 4 3 0 0 55
2020 Indigenous 39 26 19 9 6 0 0 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 32 22 11 5 0 0 4410
2020 Métis 39 25 20 12 4 0 0 55

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 30 21 7 9 0 1 33 67 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 32 20 10 6 0 1 31 69 4180
2024 First Nation 18 38 22 9 11 0 2 18 82 50
2024 Métis 47 22 19 5 7 0 0 47 53 60
2022 Indigenous 39 21 22 12 6 0 0 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 33 20 10 7 0 1 4195
2022 First Nation 35 17 24 16 8 0 0 45
2022 Métis 40 23 24 7 6 0 0 55
2020 Indigenous 30 33 17 13 6 0 0 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 35 23 11 5 0 0 4410
2020 Métis 38 32 16 10 4 0 0 55
2019 Indigenous 31 30 23 9 6 0 1 130
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 34 19 9 4 0 1 4730
2019 First Nation 29 21 27 14 7 0 2 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 9 20 63 9 0 0 0 10
2019 Métis 36 37 14 7 6 0 1 70

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 17 15 13 19 0 3 34 66 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 23 15 10 14 0 2 36 64 4185
2024 First Nation 37 19 16 13 13 0 2 37 63 50
2024 Métis 34 10 16 10 25 0 4 36 64 60
2022 Indigenous 47 23 13 5 9 1 3 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 25 13 6 5 1 2 4185
2022 First Nation 52 15 14 5 13 0 2 45
2022 Métis 41 30 13 6 4 2 4 55
2020 Indigenous 47 28 17 3 3 0 2 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 31 15 5 2 0 1 4390
2020 Métis 53 21 18 5 0 0 4 55
2019 Indigenous 44 30 13 8 4 0 1 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 25 11 5 3 0 1 4735
2019 First Nation 33 35 9 15 5 0 2 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 20 23 9 0 0 0 10
2019 Métis 51 28 13 3 4 0 1 70

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 32 17 5 7 0 1 38 62 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 32 15 7 5 0 1 41 59 4185
2024 First Nation 31 39 17 5 7 0 2 31 69 55
2024 Métis 45 27 17 3 7 0 1 45 55 60
2022 Indigenous 46 27 16 6 5 0 0 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 33 12 5 3 0 1 4195
2022 First Nation 54 21 15 2 8 0 0 45
2022 Métis 40 34 13 10 4 0 0 55
2020 Indigenous 31 29 26 8 5 0 1 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 38 21 9 5 0 0 4395
2020 Métis 29 27 27 7 8 0 2 55

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 60 14 8 4 2 0 12 69 31 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 70 10 4 2 2 1 11 79 21 4185
2024 First Nation 60 12 7 4 0 0 17 72 28 55
2024 Métis 62 12 9 4 3 0 9 68 32 60

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 52 12 11 6 7 2 10 59 41 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 61 13 6 3 5 1 9 68 32 4190
2024 First Nation 56 10 10 8 2 2 13 65 35 55
2024 Métis 51 13 12 4 11 2 8 56 44 60

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 61 13 10 4 8 0 3 63 37 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 74 10 4 2 3 1 6 80 20 4190
2024 First Nation 59 15 11 2 10 0 3 61 39 55
2024 Métis 66 12 9 5 6 0 3 68 32 60
2022 Indigenous 67 13 5 3 8 0 4 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 79 8 3 2 2 1 5 4200
2022 First Nation 59 15 7 4 9 0 5 45
2022 Métis 73 11 3 2 8 0 3 55
2020 Indigenous 81 9 5 1 2 0 2 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 82 8 3 1 2 1 3 4385
2020 Métis 86 7 4 0 2 0 2 55
2019 Indigenous 66 14 8 2 7 0 3 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 77 10 4 2 3 1 3 4750
2019 First Nation 58 23 2 2 8 0 7 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 49 11 29 0 11 0 0 10
2019 Métis 75 6 9 2 5 0 1 75

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 57 27 5 5 5 0 1 58 42 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 23 7 3 2 0 3 65 35 4190
2024 First Nation 56 25 7 5 6 0 2 57 43 55
2024 Métis 57 31 3 4 5 0 0 57 43 60
2022 Indigenous 66 21 6 3 1 1 2 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 68 20 6 2 2 0 3 4200
2022 First Nation 64 24 4 5 0 0 4 45
2022 Métis 70 20 6 1 1 0 1 55
2020 Indigenous 66 23 6 2 3 0 1 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 69 20 6 2 1 0 2 4380
2020 Métis 65 24 7 0 2 0 2 55
2019 Indigenous 54 25 13 3 3 0 2 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 59 26 8 3 2 0 1 4740
2019 Métis 64 18 13 1 3 0 1 75

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 56 14 13 4 11 0 2 57 43 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 18 8 4 5 0 2 65 35 4185
2024 First Nation 56 14 17 3 7 0 3 58 42 55
2024 Métis 61 12 10 3 14 0 0 61 39 60
2022 Indigenous 66 17 4 3 7 1 2 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 66 17 7 4 4 0 3 4195
2022 First Nation 60 20 4 6 7 0 4 45
2022 Métis 70 15 5 1 7 0 1 55
2020 Indigenous 70 13 6 6 3 0 1 115
2020 Non-Indigenous 67 18 7 4 3 0 1 4395
2020 Métis 70 11 5 12 2 0 0 55
2019 Indigenous 54 23 8 9 4 0 2 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 63 20 8 4 4 0 1 4735
2019 First Nation 44 31 7 7 6 0 4 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 52 40 0 8 0 0 0 10
2019 Métis 61 15 9 10 4 0 1 75

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 67 9 3 1 1 1 18 82 18 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 61 12 5 2 1 0 19 76 24 4185
2024 First Nation 64 2 5 0 0 2 28 91 9 55
2024 Métis 73 13 2 2 1 0 8 80 20 60
2022 Indigenous 66 4 2 3 0 1 24 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 64 11 4 1 1 0 17 4195
2022 First Nation 57 2 2 4 0 0 35 45
2022 Métis 72 6 2 3 0 0 18 55
2020 Indigenous 63 13 2 2 0 0 21 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 63 12 5 2 1 0 17 4405
2020 Métis 72 14 2 2 0 0 10 55
2019 Indigenous 61 13 3 1 1 0 20 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 60 14 5 2 1 0 19 4725
2019 First Nation 52 13 0 1 0 0 33 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 80 8 0 12 0 0 0 10
2019 Métis 65 14 5 0 2 0 14 75

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 69 20 3 0 3 0 5 73 27 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 70 16 5 1 1 0 6 75 25 4175
2024 First Nation 62 24 5 0 2 0 8 67 33 55
2024 Métis 72 20 2 0 5 0 3 74 26 60
2022 Indigenous 71 15 6 2 1 0 4 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 72 16 5 1 1 0 5 4190
2022 First Nation 61 21 9 2 0 0 8 45
2022 Métis 76 14 4 3 0 0 3 55
2020 Indigenous 72 21 4 0 2 0 2 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 72 17 5 2 0 0 3 4415
2020 Métis 74 17 7 0 0 0 2 55
2019 Indigenous 70 17 6 2 1 0 4 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 71 17 5 1 1 0 4 4740
2019 First Nation 73 15 2 2 0 0 8 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 49 28 12 0 11 0 0 10
2019 Métis 72 16 7 2 0 0 2 75

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 48 20 12 5 11 1 4 51 49 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 53 20 10 5 8 1 3 55 45 4195
2024 First Nation 36 25 17 7 9 0 6 38 62 50
2024 Métis 60 18 7 5 10 0 1 60 40 60
2022 Indigenous 70 11 5 7 5 0 3 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 71 14 5 3 3 1 4 4200
2022 First Nation 75 12 2 8 0 0 3 45
2022 Métis 66 12 8 6 6 0 1 55
2020 Indigenous 69 22 3 2 2 1 2 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 70 16 6 3 2 1 2 4410
2020 Métis 70 25 3 0 2 0 0 55
2019 Indigenous 77 11 4 3 5 0 1 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 71 15 5 3 3 1 3 4750
2019 First Nation 73 16 2 4 2 0 2 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 69 9 11 11 0 0 0 10
2019 Métis 80 7 4 1 7 0 1 75

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 36 14 4 4 0 4 40 60 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 46 30 13 5 3 1 2 47 53 4195
2024 First Nation 28 41 16 3 5 0 7 30 70 55
2024 Métis 43 31 15 4 5 0 1 44 56 60
2022 Indigenous 46 26 16 8 4 0 0 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 30 14 5 2 0 2 4200
2022 First Nation 28 21 26 15 10 0 0 45
2022 Métis 60 30 8 1 0 0 0 55
2020 Indigenous 40 31 15 10 3 0 1 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 31 16 6 2 0 1 4420
2020 Métis 47 30 14 7 2 0 0 55
2019 Indigenous 47 27 18 4 1 0 3 135
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 29 13 4 2 0 2 4745
2019 First Nation 40 32 21 2 2 0 4 50
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 29 17 20 35 0 0 0 10
2019 Métis 55 26 16 1 0 0 2 75

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)		 Low
(%)		 Moderate
(%)		 High
(%)		 Very High
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 7 29 40 13 10 2 0 36 23 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 31 39 15 7 0 0 38 22 4200
2024 First Nation 3 39 31 21 6 0 0 42 27 55
2024 Métis 8 25 44 8 12 2 0 34 20 60
2022 Indigenous 6 38 32 17 6 0 0 45 23 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 33 40 13 5 0 0 42 19 4210
2022 First Nation 4 31 35 22 8 0 0 35 31 45
2022 Métis 8 45 29 12 6 0 0 53 18 55
2020 Indigenous 14 37 33 14 3 0 0 51 16 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 34 37 13 4 0 0 46 16 4420
2020 Métis 21 42 24 14 0 0 0 62 14 55
2019 Indigenous 17 35 34 11 4 0 0 52 15 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 36 33 12 3 0 0 52 15 4765
2019 First Nation 13 38 36 12 1 0 0 51 13 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 12 20 45 23 0 0 0 32 23 10
2019 Métis 21 35 29 9 6 0 0 56 15 75

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 15 28 37 16 4 1 0 20 43 125
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 23 39 19 7 0 0 26 34 4195
2024 First Nation 17 30 29 20 3 2 0 23 47 55
2024 Métis 14 23 43 14 5 1 0 19 38 60
2022 Indigenous 12 16 42 22 7 0 0 29 28 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 19 42 22 9 0 0 31 28 4205
2022 First Nation 18 21 38 21 2 0 0 23 39 45
2022 Métis 6 14 45 25 10 0 0 35 20 55
2020 Indigenous 9 25 36 18 13 0 0 31 34 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 20 39 23 8 0 0 32 29 4405
2020 Métis 5 24 28 25 17 0 0 43 29 55
2019 Indigenous 8 17 41 23 10 0 0 33 26 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 17 40 26 11 0 0 36 24 4740
2019 First Nation 6 20 42 27 5 0 0 32 27 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 23 9 48 20 0 0 0 20 32 10
2019 Métis 8 16 40 21 16 0 0 36 24 75
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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 47 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 57 4200
2024 First Nation 39 50 55
2024 Métis 36 48 60
2022 Indigenous 34 56 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 58 4205
2022 First Nation 26 58 45
2022 Métis 35 59 55
2020 Indigenous 34 47 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 50 4430
2020 Métis 39 49 55

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 58 50
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 58 1115
2024 First Nation 54 46 20
2024 Métis 26 74 25
2022 Indigenous 33 67 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 61 1040
2022 First Nation 36 64 10
2022 Métis 36 64 20
2020 Indigenous 46 54 40
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 66 1370
2020 Métis 50 50 20

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 11 18 9 7 5 13 44 56 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 16 10 5 5 3 18 53 47 4195
2024 First Nation 30 14 19 14 2 2 19 38 62 55
2024 Métis 42 10 19 7 9 5 7 48 52 60
2022 Indigenous 44 18 7 4 7 2 18 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 17 10 5 5 3 17 4210
2022 First Nation 48 9 7 3 4 0 28 45
2022 Métis 43 26 8 3 8 2 11 55
2020 Indigenous 39 14 16 9 9 1 13 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 20 12 7 5 1 11 4420
2020 Métis 33 19 12 16 10 2 7 55
2019 Indigenous 35 16 16 15 10 0 8 140
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 19 14 8 8 1 8 4730
2019 First Nation 41 15 16 14 6 0 8 55
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 32 17 11 31 9 0 0 10
2019 Métis 32 17 15 14 12 0 10 75

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 5 14 16 14 45 2 5 20 63 50
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 17 15 21 31 3 5 27 56 1115
2024 First Nation 7 17 9 12 49 0 6 25 65 20
2024 Métis 4 14 17 18 43 3 0 19 64 25
2022 Indigenous 6 21 15 21 34 0 4 28 57 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 19 14 19 34 1 5 29 56 1040
2022 First Nation 0 27 0 38 34 0 0 27 73 10
2022 Métis 7 20 17 13 39 0 4 28 55 20
2020 Indigenous 9 24 14 20 26 2 5 36 49 40
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 19 16 22 27 1 5 30 53 1365
2020 Métis 12 14 14 32 23 0 4 27 58 20

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 5 13 10 26 42 2 3 19 71 50
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 15 14 21 40 2 2 22 64 1115
2024 First Nation 7 15 16 12 50 0 0 21 62 20
2024 Métis 4 14 7 36 35 3 0 19 74 25
2022 Indigenous 8 13 19 9 42 0 9 23 56 40
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 13 13 20 44 2 2 19 67 1040
2022 First Nation 8 21 16 20 25 0 10 33 49 10
2022 Métis 10 0 20 5 53 0 11 12 65 20
2020 Indigenous 3 5 26 28 32 4 2 8 64 40
2020 Non-Indigenous 5 14 14 25 39 1 2 20 65 1370
2020 Métis 0 4 23 37 32 4 0 5 71 20
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