2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada by Question 113. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Table of contents

Top of page

Employee engagement

Employee engagement

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 23 21 8 5 0 0 66 13 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 39 14 8 6 0 0 72 14 3300
2024 First Nation 51 13 29 7 0 0 0 65 7 25
2024 Métis 37 31 18 11 3 0 0 68 14 35
2022 Indigenous 43 40 8 2 7 0 0 83 9 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 39 13 6 4 0 0 77 10 3770
2022 First Nation 54 35 7 4 0 0 0 89 4 20
2022 Métis 40 41 7 2 9 0 0 81 11 45
2020 Indigenous 39 34 15 7 4 0 0 73 11 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 40 11 7 3 0 0 79 10 3505
2020 First Nation 45 37 11 7 0 0 0 82 7 25
2020 Métis 36 32 18 7 7 0 0 68 14 45
2019 Indigenous 34 40 10 13 2 0 0 74 16 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 37 13 8 4 0 0 75 12 3680
2019 First Nation 39 48 9 4 0 0 0 87 4 20
2019 Métis 31 36 11 18 3 0 0 68 21 60

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 33 15 6 9 0 0 70 15 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 36 13 9 7 0 0 71 15 3305
2024 First Nation 27 36 15 7 15 0 0 63 22 25
2024 Métis 43 31 17 6 2 0 0 74 9 35
2022 Indigenous 45 34 6 7 8 0 0 79 15 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 36 12 7 4 0 0 77 12 3765
2022 First Nation 53 39 4 0 4 0 0 92 4 20
2022 Métis 44 31 6 13 7 0 0 75 19 45
2020 Indigenous 46 24 6 15 7 1 0 72 23 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 36 12 8 5 0 0 75 13 3505
2020 First Nation 49 22 0 18 7 4 0 74 26 25
2020 Métis 45 26 9 14 7 0 0 70 20 45
2019 Indigenous 39 34 10 8 8 0 0 73 17 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 35 13 9 6 0 0 72 15 3670
2019 First Nation 53 30 8 4 5 0 0 83 9 20
2019 Métis 32 37 11 10 10 0 0 68 21 60

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 47 27 19 5 1 0 0 74 6 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 34 13 5 3 0 0 79 7 3305
2024 First Nation 48 27 19 6 0 0 0 75 6 25
2024 Métis 47 23 24 6 0 0 0 70 6 35
2022 Indigenous 55 31 8 5 1 0 0 85 6 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 34 11 4 2 0 0 84 5 3765
2022 First Nation 81 19 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2022 Métis 48 34 12 5 2 0 0 81 7 45
2020 Indigenous 56 25 10 8 0 0 0 82 8 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 34 9 3 2 0 0 85 5 3480
2020 First Nation 66 19 7 7 0 0 0 85 7 25
2020 Métis 50 30 12 9 0 0 0 79 9 45
2019 Indigenous 48 34 11 5 1 1 0 83 6 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 50 34 11 4 2 0 0 83 6 3650
2019 First Nation 48 39 4 4 0 5 0 91 4 20
2019 Métis 46 33 14 5 2 0 0 79 7 60

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 43 31 16 8 2 0 0 74 10 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 40 12 6 4 0 0 78 10 3305
2024 First Nation 48 20 22 10 0 0 0 68 10 25
2024 Métis 40 39 13 8 0 0 0 79 8 35
2022 Indigenous 52 38 1 4 5 0 0 89 10 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 38 10 5 3 0 0 82 8 3765
2022 First Nation 67 29 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 20
2022 Métis 48 39 0 7 5 0 0 88 12 45
2020 Indigenous 47 31 14 6 2 0 1 79 7 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 37 9 5 2 0 0 83 7 3510
2020 First Nation 49 29 11 4 4 0 4 81 8 25
2020 Métis 45 32 16 7 0 0 0 77 7 45
2019 Indigenous 46 37 9 5 3 0 0 83 8 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 38 12 5 3 0 0 81 8 3680
2019 First Nation 52 44 0 4 0 0 0 96 4 20
2019 Métis 44 33 13 5 5 0 0 77 10 55

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 34 13 10 1 1 0 75 11 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 35 14 7 5 0 0 74 12 3305
2024 First Nation 41 27 16 17 0 0 0 68 17 25
2024 Métis 48 32 12 5 0 3 0 82 5 35
2022 Indigenous 58 22 5 5 8 2 0 81 14 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 32 12 6 4 1 0 78 10 3770
2022 First Nation 74 9 6 8 0 4 0 86 8 20
2022 Métis 51 26 6 6 9 2 0 79 15 45
2020 Indigenous 56 17 16 6 6 0 0 72 11 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 30 12 5 3 0 0 80 8 3500
2020 First Nation 66 15 4 7 7 0 0 81 15 25
2020 Métis 49 18 24 5 5 0 0 67 9 45
2019 Indigenous 51 18 16 5 9 1 0 71 13 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 30 15 6 4 1 0 75 10 3670
2019 First Nation 65 22 4 4 5 0 0 87 9 20
2019 Métis 46 16 21 5 11 2 0 63 16 60

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 32 17 11 2 0 0 70 13 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 37 13 8 5 0 0 73 14 3305
2024 First Nation 41 24 22 13 0 0 0 65 13 25
2024 Métis 42 32 16 10 0 0 0 74 10 35
2022 Indigenous 54 22 10 7 6 0 0 76 13 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 34 11 8 4 0 0 77 12 3765
2022 First Nation 66 12 14 8 0 0 0 78 8 20
2022 Métis 50 27 9 5 8 0 0 78 13 45
2020 Indigenous 52 25 10 7 6 0 0 77 13 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 33 11 6 3 0 0 80 8 3485
2020 First Nation 56 25 4 11 4 0 0 81 15 25
2020 Métis 49 25 15 5 7 0 0 74 11 45
2019 Indigenous 51 18 17 6 7 1 0 70 13 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 33 12 7 4 0 0 77 11 3665
2019 First Nation 65 22 4 9 0 0 0 87 9 20
2019 Métis 46 15 22 5 10 2 0 62 16 60

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 44 18 14 15 9 0 0 62 24 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 27 17 10 7 4 0 64 18 3305
2024 First Nation 45 17 17 13 8 0 0 62 20 25
2024 Métis 45 22 11 15 7 0 0 67 22 35
2022 Indigenous 45 19 10 11 7 5 2 69 20 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 25 17 10 7 5 0 64 18 3770
2022 First Nation 55 19 18 8 0 0 0 74 8 20
2022 Métis 41 16 10 14 8 8 4 64 24 45
2020 Indigenous 43 22 19 7 9 0 0 65 16 65
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 25 17 9 5 3 1 67 15 3510
2020 First Nation 47 15 15 7 15 0 0 63 22 25
2020 Métis 40 26 22 7 5 0 0 66 12 40
2019 Indigenous 42 20 14 13 9 2 0 63 22 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 24 19 9 7 3 1 64 17 3675
2019 First Nation 54 25 9 8 5 0 0 78 13 20
2019 Métis 37 17 17 15 11 2 0 55 27 60
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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 54 31 7 3 3 0 2 87 6 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 47 28 11 4 3 1 6 81 7 3300
2024 First Nation 49 34 11 0 3 0 3 86 3 25
2024 Métis 59 29 5 5 0 0 2 90 5 35
2022 Indigenous 44 29 11 7 3 0 5 78 11 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 28 11 3 2 1 5 83 5 3760
2022 First Nation 40 40 11 4 0 0 5 84 4 20
2022 Métis 45 28 10 6 5 0 5 77 12 45
2020 Indigenous 58 17 10 4 4 2 5 80 9 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 51 26 13 3 2 1 4 81 5 3505
2020 First Nation 52 12 11 3 4 4 13 78 9 25
2020 Métis 61 21 9 5 5 0 0 82 9 45
2019 Indigenous 50 26 7 8 2 2 5 81 11 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 25 12 4 3 1 4 80 7 3680
2019 First Nation 51 26 0 5 0 0 19 94 6 20
2019 Métis 47 26 10 10 3 3 0 76 13 60

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 55 22 6 10 7 0 0 77 17 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 52 30 9 4 4 0 1 83 8 3300
2024 First Nation 55 22 4 16 3 0 0 77 19 25
2024 Métis 63 16 8 5 8 0 0 79 13 35
2022 Indigenous 48 35 6 7 4 1 0 83 11 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 30 8 5 3 1 1 85 8 3755
2022 First Nation 51 27 14 4 4 0 0 79 8 20
2022 Métis 48 37 2 6 6 2 0 87 11 45
2020 Indigenous 64 13 11 4 7 0 0 78 11 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 53 29 9 6 3 0 1 83 8 3510
2020 First Nation 63 8 14 4 11 0 0 71 15 25
2020 Métis 65 17 9 5 4 0 0 82 9 45
2019 Indigenous 51 25 13 7 5 0 0 75 11 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 31 9 7 4 1 0 80 11 3670
2019 First Nation 49 42 4 0 5 0 0 91 5 20
2019 Métis 50 19 17 10 5 0 0 68 15 60

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 55 21 8 8 8 0 0 76 17 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 56 27 8 5 4 0 0 83 9 3305
2024 First Nation 58 14 6 12 10 0 0 72 22 25
2024 Métis 58 22 10 5 5 0 0 80 10 35
2022 Indigenous 60 25 4 5 4 0 1 86 10 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 25 8 4 3 0 0 85 7 3760
2022 First Nation 55 31 6 8 0 0 0 86 8 20
2022 Métis 63 23 4 3 6 0 2 87 9 45
2020 Indigenous 65 18 4 9 4 0 0 83 13 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 60 24 8 5 2 0 0 85 7 3515
2020 First Nation 56 25 3 8 7 0 0 82 15 25
2020 Métis 70 14 5 9 2 0 0 84 12 45
2019 Indigenous 59 17 12 7 5 1 0 77 12 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 56 25 9 5 4 0 0 82 9 3680
2019 First Nation 59 32 5 0 5 0 0 91 5 20
2019 Métis 58 11 15 10 5 2 0 70 15 60

Senior management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 22 20 8 8 2 0 63 17 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 29 13 8 7 9 0 68 17 3305
2024 First Nation 38 25 17 6 10 3 0 65 17 25
2024 Métis 46 17 22 8 5 2 0 65 13 35
2022 Indigenous 35 30 15 8 5 7 0 70 14 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 29 12 7 4 8 0 75 12 3765
2022 First Nation 38 29 16 12 0 4 0 70 13 20
2022 Métis 36 29 15 6 7 8 0 70 14 45
2020 Indigenous 55 18 11 8 6 3 0 75 14 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 29 13 6 3 9 0 76 10 3510
2020 First Nation 63 15 4 11 0 7 0 84 12 25
2020 Métis 50 19 17 5 9 0 0 69 15 40
2019 Indigenous 30 34 13 10 5 7 0 69 16 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 32 14 8 5 7 0 71 14 3660
2019 First Nation 37 36 4 9 4 10 0 81 14 20
2019 Métis 29 31 18 11 5 6 0 63 18 60

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 28 16 12 9 1 0 62 21 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 31 16 12 11 4 0 60 23 3305
2024 First Nation 34 20 10 21 15 0 0 54 36 25
2024 Métis 38 31 22 6 2 2 0 70 8 35
2022 Indigenous 35 29 13 8 9 5 0 68 18 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 31 15 10 8 3 0 67 18 3765
2022 First Nation 38 26 36 0 0 0 0 64 0 20
2022 Métis 34 30 6 10 11 8 0 70 23 45
2020 Indigenous 43 30 8 12 4 3 0 75 16 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 33 14 8 4 3 0 72 13 3505
2020 First Nation 46 32 4 15 0 4 0 81 16 25
2020 Métis 41 28 12 10 7 2 0 71 17 45
2019 Indigenous 29 36 14 6 12 3 0 66 19 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 33 16 10 7 3 0 66 18 3660
2019 First Nation 30 47 9 0 9 5 0 81 10 20
2019 Métis 29 29 17 9 14 3 0 59 23 55

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 25 21 15 14 1 0 49 29 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 28 19 15 11 7 0 52 28 3305
2024 First Nation 25 24 18 18 14 0 0 49 33 25
2024 Métis 28 18 26 15 11 2 0 47 27 35
2022 Indigenous 29 32 11 12 11 5 0 63 25 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 29 17 13 10 6 0 58 24 3760
2022 First Nation 24 35 15 16 0 9 0 65 18 20
2022 Métis 29 34 7 12 13 5 0 67 26 45
2020 Indigenous 24 37 15 12 10 3 0 62 22 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 33 18 12 5 5 0 63 18 3500
2020 First Nation 21 47 11 15 4 4 0 70 19 25
2020 Métis 25 31 19 10 14 2 0 57 24 45
2019 Indigenous 23 26 19 18 10 3 0 51 30 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 31 19 13 8 5 0 57 22 3660
2019 First Nation 25 22 17 21 9 5 0 50 32 20
2019 Métis 22 27 21 15 12 3 0 51 28 60

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 23 31 19 11 14 1 0 55 26 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 31 18 16 13 3 0 52 30 3305
2024 First Nation 21 31 13 14 21 0 0 52 35 25
2024 Métis 25 30 23 11 8 3 0 57 20 35
2022 Indigenous 30 29 11 16 9 5 0 62 26 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 32 15 15 11 2 0 59 26 3770
2022 First Nation 49 16 14 21 0 0 0 65 21 20
2022 Métis 22 36 9 15 10 8 0 63 28 45
2020 Indigenous 32 30 14 17 6 1 0 63 23 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 37 16 12 6 3 0 64 19 3510
2020 First Nation 35 29 21 15 0 0 0 64 15 25
2020 Métis 30 30 9 19 9 2 0 62 29 45
2019 Indigenous 22 28 18 19 12 2 0 51 31 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 32 18 16 10 3 0 55 27 3660
2019 First Nation 25 18 18 26 14 0 0 43 40 20
2019 Métis 21 32 18 14 12 3 0 54 27 55
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Workforce

Performance management

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 31 14 11 9 0 0 67 20 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 35 17 9 6 0 0 68 15 3305
2024 First Nation 43 30 12 15 0 0 0 73 15 25
2024 Métis 33 30 16 8 13 0 0 63 21 35
2022 Indigenous 50 27 13 3 8 0 0 76 10 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 34 14 8 5 0 0 74 13 3770
2022 First Nation 70 17 10 0 4 0 0 87 4 20
2022 Métis 46 33 10 5 7 0 0 79 11 45
2020 Indigenous 38 33 10 10 8 1 0 72 18 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 37 13 8 5 0 0 74 13 3510
2020 First Nation 35 33 7 15 7 4 0 70 23 25
2020 Métis 40 33 11 7 9 0 0 73 16 45
2019 Indigenous 41 33 11 8 6 0 1 74 14 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 36 14 10 6 0 0 70 16 3675
2019 First Nation 55 29 7 5 5 0 0 84 9 20
2019 Métis 33 35 14 10 6 0 2 69 17 60

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 49 10 2 7 0 0 80 9 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 42 9 8 4 0 0 80 11 3305
2024 First Nation 30 62 3 6 0 0 0 91 6 25
2024 Métis 33 40 17 0 10 0 0 74 10 35
2022 Indigenous 36 46 8 9 1 0 0 82 10 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 41 9 7 3 0 0 81 10 3765
2022 First Nation 49 48 0 4 0 0 0 96 4 20
2022 Métis 29 49 7 14 2 0 0 78 16 45
2020 Indigenous 47 30 10 11 3 0 0 76 14 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 41 10 8 3 0 0 79 11 3490
2020 First Nation 53 25 11 11 0 0 0 78 11 25
2020 Métis 43 32 9 11 5 0 0 75 16 45
2019 Indigenous 32 34 15 10 8 1 0 67 19 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 39 11 9 4 0 0 75 14 3665
2019 First Nation 36 47 4 3 5 5 0 87 8 20
2019 Métis 28 29 19 13 10 0 0 57 23 60

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 47 24 17 6 6 0 0 71 12 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 47 32 10 7 4 0 0 80 11 3305
2024 First Nation 57 15 20 4 3 0 0 73 7 25
2024 Métis 44 28 16 8 5 0 0 71 12 35
2022 Indigenous 53 30 4 9 5 0 0 83 14 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 32 9 6 3 0 0 82 10 3765
2022 First Nation 57 24 11 8 0 0 0 81 8 20
2022 Métis 51 34 0 7 8 0 0 85 15 45
2020 Indigenous 57 17 14 7 6 0 0 74 13 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 31 10 6 3 0 0 81 9 3510
2020 First Nation 53 18 7 18 4 0 0 71 22 25
2020 Métis 59 16 18 0 7 0 0 75 7 45
2019 Indigenous 56 19 9 6 6 4 0 78 12 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 31 11 7 5 1 1 77 12 3675
2019 First Nation 68 17 3 0 5 8 0 91 5 20
2019 Métis 50 20 12 8 7 3 0 72 15 60

Job fit and development

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 38 14 14 4 0 1 68 18 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 37 12 11 5 0 0 72 16 3295
2024 First Nation 35 40 15 8 0 0 3 77 8 25
2024 Métis 27 39 14 15 5 0 0 66 20 35
2022 Indigenous 41 32 11 12 3 0 1 74 15 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 39 11 9 3 0 1 77 12 3765
2022 First Nation 59 25 9 7 0 0 0 84 7 20
2022 Métis 36 33 12 12 5 0 2 71 17 45
2020 Indigenous 48 35 6 7 4 0 0 83 11 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 38 11 8 3 0 1 77 12 3495
2020 First Nation 47 36 3 11 4 0 0 82 14 25
2020 Métis 50 34 7 4 5 0 0 84 9 45
2019 Indigenous 35 31 13 11 6 1 1 69 18 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 40 11 11 4 0 1 73 16 3660
2019 First Nation 31 47 8 9 0 5 0 82 9 20
2019 Métis 39 25 16 10 9 0 2 64 20 55

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 56 24 6 7 6 1 0 80 13 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 54 24 12 5 4 1 1 79 8 3300
2024 First Nation 57 18 9 8 8 0 0 76 15 25
2024 Métis 57 27 5 5 2 2 0 87 7 35
2022 Indigenous 61 18 10 4 6 1 0 80 10 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 23 9 4 3 2 1 83 7 3755
2022 First Nation 64 18 14 0 4 0 0 82 4 20
2022 Métis 61 18 10 3 6 2 0 80 9 45
2020 Indigenous 62 14 7 10 6 1 0 77 16 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 54 24 11 4 3 2 2 80 8 3505
2020 First Nation 60 22 3 11 4 0 0 82 15 25
2020 Métis 63 9 10 9 7 2 0 74 16 45

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 26 35 15 11 11 1 0 63 22 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 26 34 18 10 9 3 0 62 20 3305
2024 First Nation 28 39 15 7 11 0 0 67 18 25
2024 Métis 31 29 13 16 8 3 0 63 24 35
2022 Indigenous 32 38 14 8 7 2 0 71 15 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 35 15 10 6 3 0 68 16 3765
2022 First Nation 47 35 14 4 0 0 0 82 4 20
2022 Métis 29 40 10 12 7 3 0 71 19 45
2020 Indigenous 35 32 15 10 7 2 0 68 17 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 33 17 10 5 3 0 66 16 3500
2020 First Nation 39 32 14 7 8 0 0 71 15 25
2020 Métis 32 32 15 11 7 2 0 66 19 45
2019 Indigenous 31 25 21 13 7 4 0 58 21 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 33 16 12 8 2 0 63 21 3665
2019 First Nation 44 27 16 5 3 5 0 75 8 20
2019 Métis 24 24 23 16 9 3 0 50 26 60

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 37 22 18 15 5 0 4 38 62 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 24 13 7 6 1 6 46 54 3305
2024 First Nation 31 20 17 14 11 0 7 33 67 25
2024 Métis 39 23 17 16 2 0 3 41 59 35
2022 Indigenous 35 31 16 7 3 2 6 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 23 13 6 5 1 6 3765
2022 First Nation 29 31 25 0 0 6 10 20
2022 Métis 40 27 14 10 5 2 4 45
2020 Indigenous 51 24 11 5 3 0 6 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 23 14 6 3 1 4 3520
2020 First Nation 47 36 10 3 4 0 0 25
2020 Métis 54 16 11 7 2 0 10 45
2019 Indigenous 50 19 12 6 7 1 4 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 53 22 12 5 3 1 4 3680
2019 First Nation 57 8 20 0 12 0 3 20
2019 Métis 45 25 10 8 6 2 5 55

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 71 9 6 1 5 0 8 78 22 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 58 11 8 3 5 2 14 69 31 3305
2024 First Nation 71 10 7 3 0 0 9 78 22 25
2024 Métis 68 9 7 0 6 0 10 75 25 35

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 63 10 6 4 7 1 9 70 30 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 68 10 5 2 3 4 8 78 22 3305
2024 First Nation 58 9 3 7 10 0 13 66 34 25
2024 Métis 68 10 6 2 2 2 8 76 24 35
2022 Indigenous 75 7 4 5 3 2 5 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 73 8 4 2 2 5 6 3765
2022 First Nation 60 14 16 0 0 0 10 20
2022 Métis 82 7 0 6 0 4 2 45
2020 Indigenous 74 6 9 3 3 2 5 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 75 9 5 2 2 4 4 3500
2020 First Nation 77 4 8 7 0 4 0 25
2020 Métis 72 7 9 0 4 0 8 45
2019 Indigenous 67 12 7 3 2 6 3 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 75 8 5 2 3 4 4 3665
2019 First Nation 75 6 12 4 0 3 0 20
2019 Métis 63 15 5 3 3 7 4 60

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 66 6 4 4 5 0 16 78 22 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 71 6 3 1 2 2 14 84 16 3305
2024 First Nation 67 4 6 3 0 0 20 83 17 25
2024 Métis 64 5 2 2 10 0 17 77 23 35

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 54 6 16 4 6 0 15 63 37 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 62 11 6 3 4 2 11 72 28 3305
2024 First Nation 59 6 11 7 0 0 16 70 30 25
2024 Métis 51 4 18 2 8 0 17 61 39 35

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 29 13 12 19 3 0 54 32 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 31 13 15 16 2 2 54 32 3300
2024 First Nation 31 22 10 10 27 0 0 53 37 25
2024 Métis 21 34 18 13 9 5 0 58 23 35
2022 Indigenous 29 32 6 13 13 2 5 65 28 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 33 12 13 13 3 2 61 27 3765
2022 First Nation 35 43 6 13 4 0 0 78 17 20
2022 Métis 25 28 7 13 17 4 6 60 33 45
2020 Indigenous 37 20 12 11 17 0 3 59 29 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 27 16 15 12 3 2 55 28 3515
2020 First Nation 34 23 14 10 15 0 4 59 26 25
2020 Métis 39 18 10 12 18 0 2 59 31 45
2019 Indigenous 27 17 19 18 16 0 2 46 35 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 28 15 14 15 2 2 55 30 3680
2019 First Nation 45 8 9 13 17 0 8 57 33 20
2019 Métis 19 20 24 20 17 0 0 39 37 60

Empowerment

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 28 19 12 5 0 0 64 17 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 38 13 10 7 0 1 69 18 3300
2024 First Nation 37 29 15 16 3 0 0 66 19 25
2024 Métis 39 24 25 8 5 0 0 63 12 35
2022 Indigenous 35 32 17 12 3 0 0 67 16 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 38 12 9 6 0 0 73 15 3765
2022 First Nation 43 29 24 4 0 0 0 72 4 20
2022 Métis 32 38 12 13 6 0 0 70 19 45
2020 Indigenous 40 34 10 10 4 1 0 75 14 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 38 12 9 5 0 0 74 14 3495
2020 First Nation 42 36 4 11 4 4 0 81 15 25
2020 Métis 39 32 14 9 4 0 0 72 14 45
2019 Indigenous 41 24 11 15 9 0 0 65 24 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 37 14 9 7 0 0 71 15 3660
2019 First Nation 59 18 9 9 4 0 0 77 14 20
2019 Métis 32 27 12 18 11 0 0 59 29 55

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 35 16 5 6 0 0 73 11 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 35 15 8 6 0 1 71 14 3300
2024 First Nation 38 38 11 6 7 0 0 76 13 25
2024 Métis 43 31 16 5 5 0 0 74 10 35
2022 Indigenous 49 29 12 7 2 1 0 79 9 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 35 15 7 4 0 0 74 11 3760
2022 First Nation 67 20 6 8 0 0 0 86 8 20
2022 Métis 41 38 13 5 2 2 0 80 6 45
2020 Indigenous 51 27 7 10 4 1 0 79 14 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 35 14 8 4 0 0 73 13 3510
2020 First Nation 49 33 0 15 0 4 0 85 15 25
2020 Métis 52 23 11 7 7 0 0 75 14 45
2019 Indigenous 50 19 14 7 10 0 0 69 17 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 34 14 9 6 0 0 71 15 3675
2019 First Nation 54 29 8 0 9 0 0 83 9 20
2019 Métis 47 16 16 10 11 0 0 63 21 60

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 34 16 7 5 0 0 72 12 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 38 13 8 5 0 0 74 13 3300
2024 First Nation 30 43 10 13 4 0 0 73 17 25
2024 Métis 45 26 22 2 5 0 0 71 7 35
2022 Indigenous 46 33 8 4 8 0 1 80 12 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 37 13 6 3 0 0 78 9 3765
2022 First Nation 63 30 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 20
2022 Métis 44 36 5 5 10 0 0 79 15 45
2020 Indigenous 44 33 11 6 4 1 0 78 10 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 40 11 7 3 0 0 79 10 3490
2020 First Nation 44 41 4 4 4 4 0 88 8 25
2020 Métis 44 28 16 7 4 0 0 73 12 45
2019 Indigenous 49 25 13 8 5 0 0 74 13 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 39 13 8 3 0 1 76 11 3620
2019 First Nation 57 27 12 0 5 0 0 84 5 20
2019 Métis 44 25 14 12 5 0 0 70 17 60

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 31 16 13 7 1 0 64 20 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 38 19 10 5 5 0 63 16 3305
2024 First Nation 24 38 20 15 3 0 0 62 18 25
2024 Métis 41 27 13 13 5 2 0 69 18 35
2022 Indigenous 36 34 11 10 2 3 4 75 13 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 40 15 9 4 4 1 70 14 3765
2022 First Nation 43 27 15 9 0 6 0 75 9 20
2022 Métis 33 37 12 7 2 2 8 77 9 45
2020 Indigenous 33 37 16 9 4 1 0 71 13 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 41 18 9 3 4 0 69 12 3510
2020 First Nation 34 47 4 11 0 4 0 85 12 25
2020 Métis 32 30 24 7 7 0 0 62 14 45
2019 Indigenous 29 28 19 13 6 6 0 60 20 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 39 19 9 5 4 0 66 14 3680
2019 First Nation 42 24 0 22 4 8 0 72 28 20
2019 Métis 20 31 27 10 7 5 0 54 17 60

Work-life balance and workload

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 43 33 5 9 10 0 0 76 19 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 41 30 11 10 9 0 0 71 19 3300
2024 First Nation 48 39 4 5 5 0 0 86 10 25
2024 Métis 43 28 6 13 9 0 0 72 23 35
2022 Indigenous 46 28 4 15 7 0 0 74 22 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 31 9 7 4 0 0 79 11 3765
2022 First Nation 59 31 0 10 0 0 0 90 10 15
2022 Métis 39 28 4 19 9 0 0 67 29 45
2020 Indigenous 55 24 10 7 4 0 0 79 11 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 31 11 7 4 0 0 78 11 3505
2020 First Nation 53 29 7 8 4 0 0 82 11 25
2020 Métis 56 21 11 7 4 0 0 77 11 45
2019 Indigenous 51 25 12 8 4 0 0 76 12 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 32 8 7 4 1 0 81 11 3670
2019 First Nation 56 18 5 13 8 0 0 74 21 20
2019 Métis 47 28 15 7 3 0 0 75 10 60

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 29 22 9 4 0 1 65 13 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 33 15 6 4 0 1 75 10 3305
2024 First Nation 37 24 33 6 0 0 0 61 6 25
2024 Métis 41 31 16 5 5 0 2 74 10 35
2022 Indigenous 39 34 13 8 4 0 1 75 12 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 32 14 7 5 0 1 75 11 3770
2022 First Nation 30 33 23 8 0 0 5 67 9 20
2022 Métis 43 29 12 11 5 0 0 72 15 45
2020 Indigenous 39 33 12 9 8 0 0 71 17 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 34 17 8 6 0 0 69 14 3505
2020 First Nation 29 46 7 11 7 0 0 75 18 25
2020 Métis 45 23 15 7 9 0 0 69 16 40
2019 Indigenous 42 36 10 7 2 1 1 80 9 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 33 16 7 4 0 0 74 10 3665
2019 First Nation 49 35 8 5 4 0 0 84 8 20
2019 Métis 39 38 11 7 2 2 1 80 9 60

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 65 22 4 4 1 0 4 91 5 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 22 5 3 3 2 1 88 6 3305
2024 First Nation 69 20 3 4 0 0 5 94 4 25
2024 Métis 66 22 5 2 0 0 5 92 2 35
2022 Indigenous 65 22 2 4 4 1 1 89 8 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 68 21 4 2 2 2 1 91 5 3765
2022 First Nation 47 39 10 0 4 0 0 86 4 20
2022 Métis 75 14 0 5 3 2 2 92 8 45

Mobility and retention

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Unsure
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 27 31 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 35 30 3305
2024 First Nation 38 32 30 25
2024 Métis 38 27 35 35
2022 Indigenous 39 29 32 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 32 30 3765
2022 First Nation 33 44 23 20
2022 Métis 46 21 34 45
2020 Indigenous 25 34 41 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 39 35 3515
2020 First Nation 26 39 35 25
2020 Métis 25 30 44 45
2019 Indigenous 28 27 45 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 35 35 3690
2019 First Nation 9 35 57 20
2019 Métis 37 22 41 60

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic To retire
(%)		 To pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)		 End of my term, casual or student employment
(%)		 Other reason
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 10 35 40 0 6 9 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 33 27 9 9 9 1120
2024 First Nation 0 39 34 0 18 9 10
2024 Métis 23 33 36 0 0 8 15
2022 Indigenous 24 31 25 5 6 9 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 32 32 6 11 8 1390
2022 Métis 16 35 31 0 9 8 20
2020 Indigenous 6 22 55 0 0 17 20
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 31 38 5 6 6 915
2019 Indigenous 18 25 36 8 4 8 25
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 28 40 5 8 7 1095
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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 47 36 13 2 2 0 0 83 4 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 46 39 7 5 3 0 0 85 8 3300
2024 First Nation 42 38 17 3 0 0 0 80 3 25
2024 Métis 51 34 13 2 0 0 0 85 2 35
2022 Indigenous 56 25 11 6 1 1 0 82 7 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 36 7 4 2 0 0 87 6 3765
2022 First Nation 68 28 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 20
2022 Métis 54 28 9 5 2 2 0 84 7 45
2020 Indigenous 55 32 8 4 0 0 0 87 4 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 36 9 4 2 0 0 86 5 3500
2020 First Nation 53 36 7 4 0 0 0 89 4 25
2020 Métis 56 30 9 5 0 0 0 86 5 45
2019 Indigenous 48 29 12 5 5 1 0 78 10 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 48 36 10 5 2 0 0 84 7 3665
2019 First Nation 63 24 8 5 0 0 0 87 5 20
2019 Métis 41 32 14 5 7 2 0 74 12 60

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 26 49 12 7 5 1 0 76 12 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 26 42 16 10 5 1 0 69 14 3300
2024 First Nation 32 39 10 9 6 3 0 74 15 25
2024 Métis 28 47 15 7 3 0 0 75 9 35
2022 Indigenous 29 37 19 10 3 1 0 67 14 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 44 14 9 4 1 0 73 13 3760
2022 First Nation 39 31 14 17 0 0 0 70 17 20
2022 Métis 26 40 21 9 5 0 0 66 14 45
2020 Indigenous 40 38 10 10 0 1 0 80 10 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 44 14 6 2 1 0 78 8 3510
2020 First Nation 43 50 4 3 0 0 0 93 3 25
2020 Métis 39 30 15 14 0 2 0 71 14 45
2019 Indigenous 27 41 15 13 3 2 0 68 16 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 44 14 7 3 1 0 76 10 3680
2019 First Nation 26 44 0 24 0 6 0 74 26 20
2019 Métis 25 40 22 8 5 0 0 65 13 60

Organizational performance

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 6 34 35 11 15 0 0 25 40 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 22 34 20 11 1 2 32 33 3300
2024 First Nation 0 30 36 12 23 0 0 34 30 25
2024 Métis 7 36 35 10 11 0 0 22 43 35
2022 Indigenous 6 20 40 21 11 2 1 32 27 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 20 34 22 12 1 3 36 29 3760
2022 First Nation 0 13 39 22 21 0 4 46 14 20
2022 Métis 9 19 36 26 7 3 0 35 28 45
2020 Indigenous 10 27 35 11 14 1 2 26 38 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 20 36 23 10 1 1 34 29 3510
2020 First Nation 7 14 47 4 25 4 0 30 21 25
2020 Métis 11 35 27 17 7 0 3 24 48 45
2019 Indigenous 13 19 36 23 9 0 0 33 32 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 23 35 21 10 1 1 31 33 3670
2019 First Nation 4 16 35 20 24 0 0 45 20 20
2019 Métis 17 21 36 24 3 0 0 27 37 60

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 23 36 19 10 0 0 30 35 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 23 28 18 11 1 4 30 40 3295
2024 First Nation 10 16 33 30 11 0 0 41 26 25
2024 Métis 14 26 33 15 12 0 0 28 39 35
2022 Indigenous 12 20 33 25 7 0 2 33 33 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 20 31 19 12 2 4 33 34 3760
2022 First Nation 6 19 27 38 10 0 0 48 25 15
2022 Métis 16 22 31 20 8 0 3 29 39 45
2020 Indigenous 20 18 37 11 10 0 3 22 39 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 19 31 23 12 2 2 37 31 3500
2020 First Nation 15 25 34 8 19 0 0 26 40 25
2020 Métis 23 14 39 13 5 0 6 19 39 45
2019 Indigenous 17 22 27 17 13 0 4 31 41 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 20 32 20 10 2 2 31 36 3670
2019 First Nation 20 4 30 21 18 0 8 42 26 20
2019 Métis 17 30 25 14 12 0 2 27 48 60

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 18 37 23 13 0 1 36 27 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 15 30 27 16 1 3 45 24 3295
2024 First Nation 3 6 42 26 21 0 3 48 9 25
2024 Métis 12 22 33 23 10 0 0 33 34 35
2022 Indigenous 7 8 27 43 15 0 0 58 16 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 15 29 26 19 1 3 47 24 3760
2022 First Nation 4 0 32 38 25 0 0 63 4 20
2022 Métis 9 6 23 47 14 0 0 61 15 45
2020 Indigenous 6 14 31 32 14 1 2 48 21 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 15 31 29 15 1 1 45 23 3495
2020 First Nation 3 4 32 36 21 4 0 59 7 25
2020 Métis 7 21 30 30 9 0 3 40 29 45
2019 Indigenous 9 13 27 32 16 0 3 50 23 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 15 32 29 15 1 1 45 23 3660
2019 First Nation 0 14 36 30 20 0 0 50 14 20
2019 Métis 13 13 24 31 15 0 4 48 27 60

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 25 21 21 9 0 4 31 48 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 20 25 19 16 2 4 36 37 3295
2024 First Nation 19 21 21 25 14 0 0 39 40 25
2024 Métis 20 25 18 23 7 0 7 32 48 35
2022 Indigenous 11 14 31 20 22 0 1 42 26 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 18 24 22 19 2 5 43 31 3755
2022 First Nation 16 0 39 4 37 0 4 43 17 20
2022 Métis 11 23 24 24 18 0 0 43 33 45
2020 Indigenous 18 19 21 20 18 0 3 40 38 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 20 26 23 17 1 2 41 32 3500
2020 First Nation 14 22 17 17 26 0 4 44 38 25
2020 Métis 21 17 24 23 13 0 3 37 38 45
2019 Indigenous 9 27 21 22 19 1 2 41 37 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 19 28 21 15 2 2 38 33 3670
2019 First Nation 8 28 9 22 29 5 0 54 37 20
2019 Métis 10 27 27 19 15 0 2 34 38 55

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 17 18 17 24 17 1 4 44 37 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 13 23 24 21 5 6 50 24 3295
2024 First Nation 14 22 11 25 25 0 3 51 37 25
2024 Métis 18 12 26 22 15 0 7 40 32 35
2022 Indigenous 9 18 28 19 19 6 1 41 29 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 16 23 22 20 4 6 46 28 3765
2022 First Nation 0 30 34 14 16 5 0 31 32 20
2022 Métis 13 16 22 19 20 8 2 43 32 45
2020 Indigenous 6 23 19 26 21 3 2 50 30 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 13 23 28 23 4 3 54 22 3485
2020 First Nation 3 15 14 31 33 4 0 66 20 25
2020 Métis 7 28 23 23 13 2 3 38 37 45
2019 Indigenous 11 14 22 28 23 1 2 52 26 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 17 26 24 18 3 2 45 28 3665
2019 First Nation 0 15 9 31 34 5 6 73 17 20
2019 Métis 15 15 28 23 19 0 0 42 30 60

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 6 22 38 17 16 1 1 34 28 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 19 30 19 13 3 3 35 33 3295
2024 First Nation 0 23 24 26 25 3 0 52 23 25
2024 Métis 9 16 46 15 12 0 2 28 25 35
2022 Indigenous 8 22 40 20 8 2 0 29 30 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 18 31 19 15 3 4 36 30 3760
2022 First Nation 4 7 33 40 15 0 0 56 11 20
2022 Métis 10 27 41 11 7 3 0 19 38 45
2020 Indigenous 13 11 40 25 8 2 2 34 25 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 17 33 24 14 2 2 39 27 3500
2020 First Nation 3 11 37 30 18 0 0 48 15 25
2020 Métis 19 12 41 21 2 3 3 25 32 45
2019 Indigenous 17 17 25 22 17 1 2 40 35 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 20 33 21 11 2 2 34 31 3665
2019 First Nation 8 12 21 33 21 5 0 58 21 20
2019 Métis 21 19 26 15 16 0 2 32 41 60

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 11 39 31 20 0 0 50 11 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 13 32 27 18 1 2 47 21 3300
2024 First Nation 0 18 52 14 16 0 0 30 18 25
2024 Métis 0 4 28 43 25 0 0 68 4 35
2022 Indigenous 0 15 30 40 14 0 1 54 15 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 13 33 27 19 1 2 47 19 3765
2022 First Nation 0 18 32 38 11 0 0 50 18 20
2022 Métis 0 15 28 39 16 0 2 56 16 45
2020 Indigenous 11 20 33 29 6 0 2 36 31 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 17 36 26 13 1 1 39 24 3505
2020 First Nation 17 15 29 29 10 0 0 39 32 25
2020 Métis 7 23 35 29 3 0 3 33 31 45
2019 Indigenous 11 15 26 25 19 1 3 45 27 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 15 32 28 16 1 2 45 22 3675
2019 First Nation 23 9 30 18 20 0 0 39 32 20
2019 Métis 7 16 26 27 19 2 4 49 24 60

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 18 37 14 15 14 1 0 56 30 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 31 20 17 14 3 0 47 32 3305
2024 First Nation 18 37 11 6 28 0 0 55 34 25
2024 Métis 22 36 17 20 2 3 0 59 23 35
2022 Indigenous 18 35 16 18 10 2 0 55 28 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 33 18 16 10 3 0 54 28 3765
2022 First Nation 28 17 24 22 9 0 0 45 31 20
2022 Métis 16 43 12 16 10 3 0 61 27 45
2020 Indigenous 27 35 20 13 4 1 0 62 17 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 40 19 12 4 3 0 65 16 3485
2020 First Nation 29 46 14 3 4 4 0 78 8 25
2020 Métis 25 27 24 18 4 0 0 53 23 45
2019 Indigenous 22 30 14 21 10 2 0 54 32 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 19 35 20 15 7 3 0 56 23 3665
2019 First Nation 25 23 18 24 5 5 0 51 30 20
2019 Métis 20 32 14 21 12 2 0 53 33 55

Diversity and inclusion

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 60 16 9 5 10 0 0 76 15 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 53 28 8 5 4 2 0 83 10 3300
2024 First Nation 66 19 0 10 5 0 0 85 15 25
2024 Métis 64 10 13 3 10 0 0 74 13 35
2022 Indigenous 61 24 1 9 5 0 0 85 14 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 59 25 6 4 3 1 0 86 8 3760
2022 First Nation 78 6 6 7 4 0 0 84 11 20
2022 Métis 56 30 0 13 2 0 0 86 14 45
2020 Indigenous 63 11 9 6 10 1 0 75 16 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 53 28 8 7 3 1 0 82 10 3500
2020 First Nation 60 10 12 7 7 4 0 73 15 25
2020 Métis 65 12 7 5 11 0 0 77 16 45
2019 Indigenous 56 14 13 6 9 2 1 71 15 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 28 8 8 6 1 0 79 13 3675
2019 First Nation 60 12 19 0 9 0 0 72 9 20
2019 Métis 52 15 11 8 10 2 2 70 19 60

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 48 35 4 8 6 0 0 83 13 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 58 30 6 4 3 0 0 88 7 3300
2024 First Nation 52 29 3 7 8 0 0 82 15 25
2024 Métis 53 35 5 3 5 0 0 88 8 35
2022 Indigenous 59 27 9 4 2 0 0 86 5 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 65 25 4 3 2 0 0 91 5 3760
2022 First Nation 54 24 22 0 0 0 0 78 0 20
2022 Métis 67 25 4 2 3 0 0 92 4 45
2020 Indigenous 59 21 7 9 3 1 0 81 12 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 60 29 6 4 2 0 0 89 5 3480
2020 First Nation 56 18 7 11 4 4 0 77 15 25
2020 Métis 61 23 7 7 2 0 0 84 9 45
2019 Indigenous 51 31 9 6 2 0 1 82 9 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 30 6 6 3 0 0 84 9 3675
2019 First Nation 64 22 6 9 0 0 0 86 9 20
2019 Métis 44 35 11 5 3 0 2 80 9 60

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 33 9 1 4 2 0 85 6 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 50 33 10 4 2 1 0 84 6 3305
2024 First Nation 44 40 11 0 5 0 0 84 5 25
2024 Métis 59 23 8 3 2 5 0 86 5 35
2022 Indigenous 50 32 10 7 1 0 0 82 8 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 31 8 3 2 1 0 87 5 3765
2022 First Nation 59 32 6 4 0 0 0 90 4 20
2022 Métis 52 27 10 10 0 0 0 80 10 45
2020 Indigenous 58 22 9 9 3 0 0 80 11 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 34 9 3 2 1 0 85 5 3490
2020 First Nation 56 26 11 7 0 0 0 82 7 25
2020 Métis 59 20 7 9 5 0 0 79 14 40
2019 Indigenous 56 19 12 8 2 1 1 77 11 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 35 10 4 3 1 1 82 7 3675
2019 First Nation 61 19 7 13 0 0 0 80 13 20
2019 Métis 53 20 14 6 3 1 2 75 10 60

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 41 9 3 7 2 3 80 10 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 38 14 8 5 3 0 72 14 3305
2024 First Nation 24 46 18 5 3 4 0 73 9 25
2024 Métis 45 40 3 2 5 0 6 90 7 35
2022 Indigenous 39 36 14 7 4 0 0 75 11 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 37 11 6 4 3 0 78 10 3765
2022 First Nation 34 48 14 4 0 0 0 82 4 20
2022 Métis 38 36 14 7 5 0 0 74 12 45
2020 Indigenous 50 23 14 9 3 1 0 74 12 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 38 13 5 2 2 0 80 8 3500
2020 First Nation 49 29 3 15 0 4 0 81 16 25
2020 Métis 50 19 21 5 4 0 0 70 10 45
2019 Indigenous 43 33 12 10 2 0 0 76 12 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 38 12 6 3 2 0 79 9 3655
2019 First Nation 54 24 13 9 0 0 0 78 9 20
2019 Métis 37 37 12 11 3 0 0 74 14 55

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 29 15 8 2 6 3 72 12 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 36 12 5 4 7 1 78 10 3300
2024 First Nation 33 32 25 4 0 7 0 69 4 25
2024 Métis 41 26 6 11 2 8 6 78 16 35
2022 Indigenous 43 36 14 3 2 2 0 81 5 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 37 11 5 2 7 1 81 7 3760
2022 First Nation 39 34 27 0 0 0 0 73 0 20
2022 Métis 47 39 7 3 3 2 0 87 6 45
2020 Indigenous 46 27 15 4 3 6 0 77 8 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 34 12 4 2 4 0 82 5 3505
2020 First Nation 40 18 20 7 4 11 0 65 12 25
2020 Métis 50 32 12 2 2 2 0 83 5 40
2019 Indigenous 50 27 18 4 0 0 0 78 4 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 32 10 3 2 3 0 84 5 3670
2019 First Nation 54 22 20 5 0 0 0 75 5 20
2019 Métis 47 31 18 4 0 0 0 78 4 60

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 46 32 10 9 3 0 0 78 12 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 46 36 8 5 4 0 0 83 10 3305
2024 First Nation 38 34 11 16 0 0 0 73 16 25
2024 Métis 58 27 10 2 2 0 0 85 5 35
2022 Indigenous 63 22 5 5 5 0 0 85 10 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 33 7 4 3 0 0 86 7 3765
2022 First Nation 81 9 6 4 0 0 0 90 4 20
2022 Métis 59 27 6 3 6 0 0 85 9 45
2020 Indigenous 61 20 12 3 4 0 0 81 7 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 57 31 7 3 2 0 0 88 5 3505
2020 First Nation 70 15 8 4 4 0 0 85 7 25
2020 Métis 55 24 14 2 4 0 0 79 7 45
2019 Indigenous 58 23 9 5 3 1 0 82 9 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 31 8 4 3 0 0 85 7 3675
2019 First Nation 70 21 4 5 0 0 0 91 5 20
2019 Métis 52 24 12 6 5 2 0 77 11 60

Anti-racism

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 29 5 9 7 3 7 78 17 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 26 13 7 5 8 5 72 13 3310
2024 First Nation 39 22 7 12 5 7 9 72 20 25
2024 Métis 48 32 0 8 5 0 7 86 14 35
2022 Indigenous 46 31 7 2 6 6 3 84 8 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 27 9 5 4 7 5 79 10 3765
2022 First Nation 50 38 5 0 7 0 0 88 7 20
2022 Métis 50 29 4 3 3 6 4 88 7 45

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 44 24 9 10 3 3 7 76 14 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 26 13 7 5 8 5 71 14 3305
2024 First Nation 48 18 7 12 0 7 9 78 14 25
2024 Métis 48 27 6 7 5 0 7 81 13 35
2022 Indigenous 49 32 7 3 4 4 3 86 7 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 26 10 5 4 7 5 79 10 3765
2022 First Nation 60 25 15 0 0 0 0 85 0 20
2022 Métis 48 34 4 3 3 3 4 89 7 45

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 28 13 10 2 14 0 71 14 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 29 24 20 5 3 18 1 66 10 3305
2024 First Nation 32 19 17 14 3 16 0 61 19 25
2024 Métis 38 37 7 4 2 11 0 84 8 35
2022 Indigenous 34 26 21 9 2 8 0 66 12 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 26 20 5 2 15 1 68 8 3765
2022 First Nation 29 26 20 14 0 11 0 62 16 20
2022 Métis 43 23 20 6 3 5 0 69 10 45
2020 Indigenous 43 35 14 6 0 3 0 80 6 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 34 14 4 2 6 0 79 6 3510
2020 First Nation 49 33 7 4 0 7 0 88 4 25
2020 Métis 39 36 18 7 0 0 0 75 7 45

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 27 9 8 3 5 7 77 13 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 32 10 6 5 7 4 77 12 3305
2024 First Nation 44 30 10 7 0 4 5 81 8 25
2024 Métis 44 29 5 3 5 5 10 85 9 35
2022 Indigenous 44 38 4 4 3 4 3 88 7 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 30 9 5 4 7 4 80 10 3760
2022 First Nation 43 42 11 4 0 0 0 85 4 20
2022 Métis 46 36 0 2 5 6 5 91 9 45
2020 Indigenous 52 23 13 3 3 7 0 80 6 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 32 11 5 3 5 2 80 9 3500
2020 First Nation 46 26 3 4 4 17 0 87 9 25
2020 Métis 56 21 18 2 2 0 0 77 4 45

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 16 24 9 5 27 8 42 22 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 15 21 4 5 39 6 46 16 3300
2024 First Nation 7 14 25 8 4 31 13 36 20 25
2024 Métis 17 20 16 11 2 30 5 56 20 35
2022 Indigenous 11 24 24 3 1 33 4 55 8 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 16 20 3 3 42 5 51 11 3760
2022 First Nation 21 9 27 9 0 35 0 45 14 20
2022 Métis 8 27 24 2 0 33 7 58 3 45

Question 72. Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination: I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 2 18 5 33 32 3 14 59 55

Ethical workplace

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 20 19 2 12 7 8 62 16 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 29 16 7 5 9 7 66 15 3300
2024 First Nation 31 17 28 0 8 13 3 57 10 25
2024 Métis 38 19 13 4 7 5 14 69 14 35
2022 Indigenous 34 27 10 7 8 6 9 71 18 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 28 15 6 4 9 8 71 11 3760
2022 First Nation 32 20 18 9 7 14 0 60 19 20
2022 Métis 38 31 7 4 8 2 9 78 13 45
2020 Indigenous 38 27 14 3 7 8 3 73 11 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 29 17 7 4 9 5 68 12 3500
2020 First Nation 43 25 11 4 7 10 0 76 13 25
2020 Métis 35 29 16 2 7 7 4 72 10 45
2019 Indigenous 38 15 20 10 8 6 4 58 20 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 30 15 8 7 5 4 69 15 3680
2019 First Nation 38 12 23 4 9 9 6 58 15 20
2019 Métis 35 17 19 12 8 5 3 57 22 60

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 32 9 13 7 0 4 70 20 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 39 14 9 5 3 1 70 15 3305
2024 First Nation 27 25 12 24 9 0 4 54 34 25
2024 Métis 42 41 2 4 5 0 5 87 10 35
2022 Indigenous 31 38 9 8 5 4 5 76 14 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 35 15 10 5 5 1 68 17 3765
2022 First Nation 47 31 14 4 4 0 0 79 8 20
2022 Métis 28 37 9 7 4 7 8 76 12 45
2020 Indigenous 37 32 7 9 7 7 1 75 17 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 37 14 10 3 3 1 72 14 3505
2020 First Nation 30 41 4 8 4 10 4 82 13 25
2020 Métis 41 26 9 9 9 4 0 71 19 45
2019 Indigenous 32 30 9 20 5 4 0 64 26 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 36 14 11 5 3 1 69 16 3675
2019 First Nation 37 34 0 9 12 8 0 77 23 20
2019 Métis 28 28 14 26 2 3 0 58 28 60

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 29 47 12 6 3 1 0 78 10 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 39 18 6 4 2 0 72 10 3300
2024 First Nation 26 49 9 10 3 4 0 78 13 25
2024 Métis 33 45 15 5 2 0 0 78 7 35
2022 Indigenous 32 40 17 6 3 3 0 74 8 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 37 18 6 3 2 0 72 9 3760
2022 First Nation 41 37 17 4 0 0 0 79 4 20
2022 Métis 30 40 20 4 2 5 0 73 6 45
2020 Indigenous 41 33 13 7 4 1 0 75 12 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 38 16 5 2 2 0 77 7 3500
2020 First Nation 33 49 7 8 0 3 0 85 8 25
2020 Métis 46 23 17 7 7 0 0 69 14 45
2019 Indigenous 31 29 25 8 5 1 0 61 13 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 35 19 6 3 2 0 71 10 3675
2019 First Nation 36 25 26 9 0 5 0 63 9 20
2019 Métis 29 31 26 8 7 0 0 59 15 60

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 18 20 10 19 2 6 46 32 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 25 19 11 11 13 2 52 26 3305
2024 First Nation 26 22 18 4 24 4 3 51 30 25
2024 Métis 28 19 18 8 17 2 7 53 28 35
2022 Indigenous 26 27 15 12 9 9 3 60 23 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 23 19 10 10 15 3 53 24 3760
2022 First Nation 40 25 22 8 0 5 0 68 8 20
2022 Métis 22 28 11 14 8 14 3 60 27 45
2020 Indigenous 28 27 14 9 14 8 0 60 25 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 24 20 11 9 13 2 54 23 3500
2020 First Nation 32 29 14 3 11 11 0 68 16 25
2020 Métis 25 25 14 12 16 7 0 54 31 45
2019 Indigenous 24 21 10 22 10 11 2 52 37 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 21 19 12 12 12 3 49 28 3670
2019 First Nation 27 9 13 29 4 11 8 43 41 20
2019 Métis 21 25 9 20 13 11 0 53 37 60

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 53 6 8 1 0 0 85 9 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 42 4 10 6 0 0 80 16 3300
2024 First Nation 31 49 12 5 3 0 0 80 9 25
2024 Métis 36 51 2 11 0 0 0 87 11 35
2022 Indigenous 43 42 6 4 3 0 1 86 7 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 43 4 8 3 0 0 85 11 3765
2022 First Nation 70 20 9 0 0 0 0 91 0 20
2022 Métis 40 44 2 7 6 0 2 85 13 45
2020 Indigenous 42 39 3 12 4 0 0 81 16 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 45 4 10 2 0 0 83 12 3510
2020 First Nation 37 40 3 17 4 0 0 76 20 25
2020 Métis 45 39 2 9 4 0 0 84 14 45

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 24 8 19 9 0 1 63 29 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 27 9 14 13 0 2 64 28 3300
2024 First Nation 29 41 3 24 4 0 0 70 28 25
2024 Métis 40 15 13 18 12 0 2 57 30 35
2022 Indigenous 43 40 4 7 6 0 0 82 13 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 34 9 10 4 0 1 76 15 3765
2022 First Nation 61 28 7 0 4 0 0 89 4 20
2022 Métis 39 40 2 11 9 0 0 79 19 45
2020 Indigenous 46 25 14 11 4 0 0 71 16 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 38 10 13 4 0 1 73 16 3500
2020 First Nation 42 29 7 15 7 0 0 71 22 25
2020 Métis 48 23 18 9 2 0 0 70 12 45
2019 Indigenous 47 28 11 12 2 0 0 75 14 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 47 33 7 9 5 0 0 80 13 3680
2019 First Nation 30 42 12 12 3 0 0 73 16 20
2019 Métis 54 21 12 12 2 0 0 74 14 55

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 49 26 4 15 6 0 0 75 21 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 44 32 10 8 5 0 1 76 13 3300
2024 First Nation 55 23 4 15 3 0 0 79 18 25
2024 Métis 44 30 5 15 7 0 0 73 22 35
2022 Indigenous 53 37 2 7 1 0 0 90 8 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 33 9 6 3 0 1 81 9 3760
2022 First Nation 62 38 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2022 Métis 57 33 3 6 2 0 0 90 7 45
2020 Indigenous 55 29 4 8 3 0 0 85 11 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 35 11 7 2 0 1 80 9 3480
2020 First Nation 57 29 3 11 0 0 0 86 11 25
2020 Métis 54 30 5 7 5 0 0 84 11 45
2019 Indigenous 53 27 11 7 1 1 0 81 8 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 52 33 8 5 2 0 1 86 7 3660
2019 First Nation 43 38 15 0 5 0 0 80 5 20
2019 Métis 58 21 9 10 0 2 0 80 10 55

Use of official languages

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 69 21 3 5 3 0 0 89 8 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 67 19 5 6 3 0 1 87 8 3305
2024 First Nation 74 17 0 9 0 0 0 91 9 25
2024 Métis 69 19 6 3 4 0 0 88 7 35

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 56 22 12 3 6 0 0 78 9 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 61 20 7 7 4 0 1 82 11 3295
2024 First Nation 66 18 3 9 5 0 0 84 13 25
2024 Métis 53 23 19 0 4 0 0 76 4 35

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 87 10 1 1 0 0 0 98 1 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 83 10 3 2 1 0 1 94 3 3305
2024 First Nation 91 9 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 25
2024 Métis 89 8 3 0 0 0 0 97 0 35
2022 Indigenous 85 9 3 0 2 0 2 96 2 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 84 10 3 1 1 0 2 95 2 3765
2022 First Nation 90 4 6 0 0 0 0 94 0 20
2022 Métis 85 7 2 0 3 0 3 95 3 45
2019 Indigenous 83 6 3 3 5 0 0 89 8 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 82 11 3 2 1 0 1 94 3 3675
2019 First Nation 87 0 5 0 8 0 0 87 8 20
2019 Métis 80 9 3 5 3 0 0 89 8 55

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 27 11 5 2 5 0 81 8 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 48 28 13 5 2 4 0 79 7 3305
2024 First Nation 54 16 12 4 3 11 0 79 7 25
2024 Métis 49 33 8 5 2 2 0 85 8 35
2022 Indigenous 53 31 4 6 0 5 0 89 6 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 27 14 5 2 4 1 78 7 3765
2022 First Nation 43 38 8 5 0 5 0 86 5 20
2022 Métis 60 30 2 4 0 4 0 94 5 45
2020 Indigenous 57 17 14 6 3 3 1 77 9 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 25 13 4 2 6 1 80 6 3515
2020 First Nation 60 21 8 0 3 4 4 88 3 25
2020 Métis 55 14 17 9 2 2 0 70 12 40
2019 Indigenous 56 10 17 1 9 6 0 71 11 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 48 25 13 5 2 6 1 78 8 3685
2019 First Nation 63 12 14 0 4 8 0 81 5 20
2019 Métis 54 10 17 2 11 6 0 68 14 60

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 86 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 3305
2022 Indigenous 14 86 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 3765
2022 Métis 13 87 45
2020 Indigenous 16 84 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 3515
2020 First Nation 18 82 25
2020 Métis 14 86 45
2019 Indigenous 22 78 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 87 3680

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 46 54 315
2022 Indigenous 25 75 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 61 305
2020 Indigenous 53 47 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 58 305
2019 Indigenous 48 52 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 51 490

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 80 20 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 61 39 315
2022 Indigenous 56 44 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 59 41 305
2019 Indigenous 75 25 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 61 39 490

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 315
2022 Indigenous 8 92 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 305
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 93 305
2019 Indigenous 0 100 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 92 490

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 315
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 305
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 0 100 305
2019 Indigenous 0 100 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 0 100 490

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 95 315
2022 Indigenous 25 75 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 305

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 315
2022 Indigenous 11 89 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 305

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 97 315
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 305
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 3 97 305
2019 Indigenous 0 100 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 5 95 490

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 65 315
2022 Indigenous 39 61 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 68 305
2020 Indigenous 45 55 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 57 305
2019 Indigenous 52 48 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 65 480

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 50 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 61 315
2022 Indigenous 56 44 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 57 305
2019 Indigenous 47 53 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 59 480

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 70 30 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 58 315
2022 Indigenous 66 34 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 57 305
2020 Indigenous 46 54 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 55 305
2019 Indigenous 57 43 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 47 53 480

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 58 315
2022 Indigenous 49 51 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 55 305
2020 Indigenous 45 55 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 57 305
2019 Indigenous 41 59 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 61 480

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 43 57 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 66 315
2022 Indigenous 40 60 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 67 305
2020 Indigenous 45 55 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 71 305

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 56 44 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 55 45 315
2022 Indigenous 49 51 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 48 305
2020 Indigenous 45 55 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 58 42 305
2019 Indigenous 67 33 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 50 50 480

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 66 315
2022 Indigenous 42 58 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 70 305
2019 Indigenous 45 55 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 69 480

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 315
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 305

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 315
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 305

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 315
2022 Indigenous 12 88 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 305

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 54 46 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 47 53 315
2022 Indigenous 77 23 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 49 305
2020 Indigenous 56 44 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 48 305
2019 Indigenous 53 47 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 47 53 480

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 84 315
2022 Indigenous 41 59 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 305
2019 Indigenous 25 75 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 76 480

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 81 315
2022 Indigenous 11 89 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 305
2019 Indigenous 0 100 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 84 480

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 52 48 315
2022 Indigenous 64 36 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 47 305
2020 Indigenous 54 46 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 54 46 305
2019 Indigenous 43 57 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 57 43 470

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 23 77 315
2022 Indigenous 34 66 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 78 305
2020 Indigenous 44 56 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 77 305
2019 Indigenous 24 76 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 70 470

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 315
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 305

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 315
2022 Indigenous 29 71 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 305

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 315
2022 Indigenous 12 88 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 305

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 315
2022 Indigenous 12 88 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 305
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 3 97 305

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 315
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 305

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 315
2022 Indigenous 17 83 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 305

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 65 35 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 70 315
2022 Indigenous 29 71 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 74 305
2019 Indigenous 37 63 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 75 470

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 300
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 290

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 76 300
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 290

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 300
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 290

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 300
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 290

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 300
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 290

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 300
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 290

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 300
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 290
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 295

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 84 300
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 290

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 300
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 290

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 29 71 300
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 69 290

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 300
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 290

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 51 49 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 57 300
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 51 290
2020 Indigenous 45 55 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 55 295

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 98 300
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 290

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 79 21 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 54 46 300
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 46 290

Question 62o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 300

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 300
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 85 290

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 11 12 9 6 37 13 46 30 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 12 13 4 4 41 12 54 19 3305
2024 Métis 13 17 11 7 5 32 16 57 22 35
2022 Indigenous 17 24 9 6 8 28 8 65 21 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 11 11 4 3 44 12 58 17 3755
2022 Métis 23 21 8 4 7 28 10 71 17 45
2020 Indigenous 24 16 17 8 3 25 7 58 16 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 19 15 16 5 3 35 8 59 13 3505
2020 First Nation 21 14 22 11 4 21 7 50 20 25
2020 Métis 26 17 14 7 2 28 7 64 14 45
2019 Indigenous 22 17 18 9 6 21 7 54 21 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 17 15 18 6 6 29 9 51 20 3675
2019 First Nation 18 12 15 17 0 23 15 49 27 20
2019 Métis 22 19 20 7 8 21 4 54 20 60

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 33 10 10 6 12 1 71 18 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 30 14 5 4 17 2 72 11 3305
2024 First Nation 22 31 12 9 6 16 4 66 19 25
2024 Métis 36 35 5 9 5 10 0 79 15 35
2022 Indigenous 32 32 14 9 2 10 2 71 13 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 31 14 4 3 17 2 75 9 3760
2022 Métis 38 28 10 5 4 13 3 79 10 45
2020 Indigenous 52 19 16 4 1 6 1 77 6 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 30 16 4 3 11 1 75 7 3505
2020 First Nation 56 22 11 7 0 4 0 81 8 25
2020 Métis 50 17 19 2 2 7 2 73 5 40
2019 Indigenous 41 24 14 8 7 6 0 69 16 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 31 15 6 5 10 1 72 12 3675
2019 First Nation 49 14 15 13 0 9 0 70 14 20
2019 Métis 37 27 15 7 10 5 0 67 18 60

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 87 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 3305
2024 Métis 12 88 35
2022 Indigenous 15 85 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 3765
2022 Métis 14 86 45
2020 Indigenous 13 87 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 94 3510
2019 Indigenous 11 89 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 94 3680

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 76 255
2022 Indigenous 16 84 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 72 210

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 100 0 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 78 22 255
2022 Indigenous 91 9 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 75 25 210

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 95 255
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 210

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 255
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 210

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 255
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 210

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 255
2022 Indigenous 7 93 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 210

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 255
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 210

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 67 245
2022 Indigenous 29 71 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 72 210

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 70 245
2022 Indigenous 18 82 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 75 210

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 81 245
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 85 210

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 245
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 210

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 75 245
2022 Indigenous 24 76 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 74 210

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 73 245
2022 Indigenous 33 67 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 80 210

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 245
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 210

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 245
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 210

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 245
2022 Indigenous 10 90 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 210

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 81 245
2022 Indigenous 19 81 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 210

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 210

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 75 245
2022 Indigenous 50 50 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 210

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 245
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 210

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 26 74 255
2022 Indigenous 27 73 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 69 215

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 255
2022 Indigenous 34 66 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 215

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 255
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 215

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 255
2022 Indigenous 36 64 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 215

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 255
2022 Indigenous 11 89 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 215

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 255
2022 Indigenous 11 89 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 215

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 95 255
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 215

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 255
2022 Indigenous 7 93 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 215

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 51 49 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 54 46 255
2022 Indigenous 36 64 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 50 215

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 95 245
2022 Indigenous 14 86 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 200

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 84 245
2022 Indigenous 14 86 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 200

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 97 245
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 200

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 98 245
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 200

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 200

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 95 245
2022 Indigenous 8 92 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 200

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 245
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 200

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 245
2022 Indigenous 30 70 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 85 200

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 245
2022 Indigenous 8 92 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 200

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 72 245
2022 Indigenous 8 92 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 77 200

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 245
2022 Indigenous 9 91 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 200

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 60 245
2022 Indigenous 59 41 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 57 200

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 100 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 200

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 37 245
2022 Indigenous 56 44 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 63 37 200

Question 69o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 245

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 245
2022 Indigenous 12 88 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 200

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 19 10 18 4 3 38 7 53 14 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 12 15 3 3 43 9 55 13 3305
2024 Métis 24 10 21 2 4 27 11 55 11 35
2022 Indigenous 15 16 17 7 2 34 9 54 17 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 13 14 2 2 44 9 61 10 3760
2022 Métis 15 20 16 7 2 32 9 59 15 45
2020 Indigenous 26 14 19 5 3 25 7 60 12 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 19 15 17 2 2 38 7 62 8 3505
2020 First Nation 21 11 29 7 4 21 8 44 15 25
2020 Métis 30 16 12 5 2 28 7 71 10 45
2019 Indigenous 24 15 17 4 5 27 9 61 13 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 19 15 19 3 3 34 9 58 10 3670
2019 First Nation 17 8 19 5 4 28 19 48 17 20
2019 Métis 25 17 17 4 5 27 6 63 12 60

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 35 15 7 2 10 0 73 10 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 30 15 4 4 16 2 71 10 3305
2024 First Nation 28 39 12 8 0 13 0 77 9 25
2024 Métis 38 29 16 7 2 8 0 73 10 35
2022 Indigenous 37 27 17 4 2 10 2 73 7 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 31 13 3 2 16 2 76 7 3765
2022 First Nation 41 20 12 8 0 19 0 75 10 20
2022 Métis 38 27 19 2 2 10 3 74 4 45
2020 Indigenous 50 23 18 3 1 3 1 76 4 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 31 15 3 2 12 1 77 5 3505
2020 First Nation 53 25 14 7 0 0 0 78 7 25
2020 Métis 48 21 21 0 2 5 2 75 2 45
2019 Indigenous 43 29 14 5 2 6 1 77 8 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 30 15 3 2 12 2 76 6 3680
2019 First Nation 54 17 11 5 4 9 0 78 10 20
2019 Métis 38 33 15 5 2 5 2 76 7 55

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 27 73 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 84 3305
2024 First Nation 27 73 25
2024 Métis 25 75 35
2022 Indigenous 19 81 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 3765
2022 First Nation 14 86 20
2022 Métis 21 79 45
2020 Indigenous 15 85 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 3505
2020 First Nation 11 89 25
2020 Métis 18 82 45
2019 Indigenous 23 77 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 87 3675
2019 First Nation 17 83 20
2019 Métis 27 73 55

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 49 51 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 37 550
2024 Métis 59 41 10
2022 Indigenous 80 20 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 42 480
2020 Indigenous 63 37 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 55 350

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 70 30 20
2024 Non-Indigenous 69 31 550
2024 Métis 69 31 10
2022 Indigenous 81 19 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 64 36 480
2020 Indigenous 82 18 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 76 24 350
2019 Indigenous 83 17 20
2019 Non-Indigenous 80 20 495

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 47 19 13 17 5 0 0 65 22 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 35 9 10 9 1 1 72 19 380
2022 Indigenous 26 48 8 18 0 0 0 74 18 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 36 8 10 3 1 1 78 14 310
2019 Indigenous 58 12 6 0 13 5 6 79 14 15
2019 Non-Indigenous 55 29 4 8 3 0 1 84 12 390

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 44 22 5 21 6 0 1 67 27 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 33 9 7 4 3 2 80 11 3305
2024 First Nation 39 27 4 27 3 0 0 66 30 25
2024 Métis 53 16 3 19 7 0 2 71 27 35
2022 Indigenous 53 33 4 5 1 2 2 90 6 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 32 7 5 3 3 2 85 8 3765
2022 First Nation 63 19 10 8 0 0 0 82 8 20
2022 Métis 53 33 3 3 2 4 3 92 5 45
2020 Indigenous 57 25 10 7 2 0 0 82 8 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 32 9 5 2 3 3 84 7 3505
2020 First Nation 53 25 14 3 4 0 0 78 7 25
2020 Métis 59 25 7 9 0 0 0 84 9 45
Top of page

Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 54 21 7 11 5 3 0 78 16 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 55 27 7 5 4 1 1 84 10 3310
2024 First Nation 52 22 10 6 3 7 0 80 9 25
2024 Métis 61 17 6 12 4 0 0 78 16 35
2022 Indigenous 66 18 4 5 4 2 0 86 10 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 56 27 6 5 4 1 1 85 9 3770
2022 First Nation 72 10 5 8 4 0 0 82 12 20
2022 Métis 63 22 5 3 4 4 0 88 7 45
2020 Indigenous 63 22 6 6 4 0 0 85 10 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 51 29 9 6 4 1 0 81 10 3500
2020 First Nation 70 15 3 8 4 0 0 85 11 25
2020 Métis 58 26 7 4 5 0 0 84 9 45

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 2 5 17 5 41 0 29 65 10 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 5 11 8 38 7 26 70 13 3295
2024 First Nation 0 10 24 10 33 0 23 56 13 25
2024 Métis 2 2 11 2 47 0 35 76 7 35
2022 Indigenous 4 5 9 7 53 3 20 77 12 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 4 11 7 42 7 27 73 10 3755
2022 First Nation 7 0 22 5 38 7 21 60 9 20
2022 Métis 2 5 4 9 65 2 14 88 7 45

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 43 15 7 8 4 0 69 16 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 26 39 18 9 5 4 0 68 14 3305
2024 First Nation 21 48 12 12 8 0 0 69 20 25
2024 Métis 28 38 16 2 7 8 0 72 10 35
2022 Indigenous 26 49 16 5 2 2 0 76 8 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 41 13 6 4 3 0 77 10 3765
2022 First Nation 15 59 22 4 0 0 0 74 4 20
2022 Métis 32 38 16 7 4 3 0 72 11 45
2020 Indigenous 60 26 7 7 0 0 0 86 7 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 37 9 3 1 1 0 87 4 3510
2020 First Nation 57 32 3 7 0 0 0 89 7 25
2020 Métis 62 22 9 7 0 0 0 84 7 45
2019 Indigenous 37 33 16 10 3 1 0 70 14 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 38 12 5 2 2 0 81 7 3675
2019 First Nation 46 26 14 5 4 5 0 76 9 20
2019 Métis 32 35 17 13 3 0 0 67 16 60

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)		 Very good
(%)		 Good
(%)		 Fair
(%)		 Poor
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 10 21 32 25 12 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 26 36 21 8 3305
2024 First Nation 15 26 21 23 14 25
2024 Métis 8 20 42 19 11 35
2022 Indigenous 16 28 37 15 4 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 28 36 20 6 3765
2022 First Nation 17 17 29 34 4 20
2022 Métis 17 32 35 12 5 45

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 52 28 4 7 9 0 0 80 16 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 53 26 10 4 3 3 1 82 7 3305
2024 First Nation 54 23 6 11 6 0 0 77 17 25
2024 Métis 58 27 3 0 12 0 0 86 12 35
2022 Indigenous 57 25 7 9 2 0 0 82 11 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 56 27 9 3 2 3 1 86 5 3765
2022 First Nation 57 30 4 4 4 0 0 88 8 20
2022 Métis 58 23 5 11 2 0 0 82 13 45
2020 Indigenous 63 20 6 7 4 0 0 83 11 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 27 11 4 2 3 1 82 6 3490
2020 First Nation 67 15 4 11 4 0 0 82 15 25
2020 Métis 61 23 7 5 5 0 0 84 9 40

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 48 17 10 7 17 0 0 65 25 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 26 9 10 8 1 1 72 19 3305
2024 First Nation 42 25 9 0 24 0 0 67 24 25
2024 Métis 59 7 13 10 12 0 0 66 21 35
2022 Indigenous 57 17 11 6 6 2 0 76 13 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 25 8 9 6 2 1 75 16 3765
2022 First Nation 57 9 25 4 4 0 0 67 8 20
2022 Métis 55 23 7 4 7 4 0 81 12 45
2020 Indigenous 52 26 3 10 6 4 0 81 16 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 28 11 11 7 1 1 70 18 3505
2020 First Nation 52 19 4 12 4 10 0 79 17 25
2020 Métis 52 30 2 9 7 0 0 82 16 45

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 26 29 19 10 16 0 0 55 26 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 37 16 11 8 2 0 64 20 3305
2024 First Nation 28 36 19 0 17 0 0 65 17 25
2024 Métis 28 28 18 13 13 0 0 56 26 35
2022 Indigenous 36 36 11 5 9 3 0 74 14 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 40 12 9 5 2 0 73 14 3765
2022 First Nation 59 14 5 8 8 6 0 77 17 20
2022 Métis 28 42 14 5 8 3 0 73 13 45
2020 Indigenous 49 23 13 6 10 0 0 72 15 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 33 14 8 4 1 0 73 13 3510
2020 First Nation 53 25 7 3 11 0 0 79 15 25
2020 Métis 47 21 16 7 9 0 0 68 16 45
2019 Indigenous 29 29 16 15 10 1 0 59 25 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 35 15 10 7 1 0 68 17 3680
2019 First Nation 29 25 30 8 8 0 0 54 16 20
2019 Métis 26 32 11 18 12 2 0 59 30 60

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 50 6 7 4 0 0 82 11 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 48 16 12 5 0 1 66 18 885
2024 Métis 37 53 5 0 6 0 0 89 6 15
2022 Indigenous 29 64 0 7 0 0 0 93 7 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 51 11 13 3 1 0 73 16 960
2022 Métis 33 60 0 7 0 0 0 93 7 15
2020 Indigenous 39 44 17 0 0 0 0 83 0 20
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 49 12 9 2 1 1 77 11 915
2019 Indigenous 37 31 24 0 0 9 0 74 0 15
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 46 12 10 3 2 2 74 14 915

Work-related stress

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 18 25 10 9 0 3 35 65 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 27 15 8 10 1 3 38 62 3295
2024 First Nation 40 19 17 13 12 0 0 40 60 25
2024 Métis 34 12 31 9 9 0 5 35 65 35
2022 Indigenous 36 26 20 6 11 0 1 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 27 16 8 11 0 3 3745
2022 First Nation 38 27 29 0 5 0 0 20
2022 Métis 35 26 16 6 15 0 2 45
2020 Indigenous 30 36 11 9 12 0 2 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 29 16 8 5 1 1 3500
2020 First Nation 27 48 11 0 14 0 0 25
2020 Métis 32 28 11 14 12 0 3 45
2019 Indigenous 17 29 17 16 19 0 3 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 28 20 12 11 0 1 3680
2019 First Nation 21 46 17 9 7 0 0 20
2019 Métis 16 22 18 16 24 0 4 55

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 36 28 9 13 0 1 13 87 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 28 28 13 10 0 1 20 80 3290
2024 First Nation 11 37 25 10 16 0 0 11 89 25
2024 Métis 18 38 26 5 13 0 0 18 82 35
2022 Indigenous 15 30 37 9 10 0 0 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 29 26 13 12 0 1 3755
2022 First Nation 21 25 42 12 0 0 0 15
2022 Métis 12 30 34 10 14 0 0 45
2020 Indigenous 20 28 18 18 14 0 2 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 19 27 26 15 11 1 0 3510
2020 First Nation 25 32 15 17 11 0 0 25
2020 Métis 16 26 20 19 16 0 3 45
2019 Indigenous 24 28 27 13 8 0 0 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 29 26 14 8 0 1 3675
2019 First Nation 20 39 27 9 6 0 0 20
2019 Métis 25 25 27 15 9 0 0 60

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 23 36 22 14 5 0 0 23 77 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 29 22 11 9 0 2 28 72 3290
2024 First Nation 29 30 38 3 0 0 0 29 71 25
2024 Métis 24 44 7 16 9 0 0 24 76 35
2022 Indigenous 30 34 22 5 8 0 0 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 30 20 11 9 0 2 3750
2022 First Nation 40 40 15 0 4 0 0 20
2022 Métis 33 27 27 7 6 0 0 45
2020 Indigenous 32 30 15 9 11 0 2 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 29 21 13 8 0 1 3500
2020 First Nation 39 25 18 4 15 0 0 25
2020 Métis 28 34 14 12 9 0 3 45
2019 Indigenous 37 30 14 11 7 1 0 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 31 23 10 6 0 1 3650
2019 First Nation 37 37 12 9 6 0 0 20
2019 Métis 34 28 16 12 8 2 0 60

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 22 15 18 18 1 1 26 74 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 24 22 12 13 1 2 26 74 3300
2024 First Nation 26 24 19 11 20 0 0 26 74 25
2024 Métis 25 21 15 16 21 0 2 26 74 35
2022 Indigenous 18 39 15 14 13 0 0 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 25 22 13 13 1 2 3755
2022 First Nation 5 63 11 8 12 0 0 20
2022 Métis 23 31 14 17 15 0 0 45
2020 Indigenous 20 32 13 18 14 0 3 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 25 21 14 11 1 1 3495
2020 First Nation 26 34 18 7 11 0 4 25
2020 Métis 16 30 9 26 16 0 3 45
2019 Indigenous 29 26 21 15 8 0 0 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 26 22 14 11 1 1 3660
2019 First Nation 28 38 12 14 8 0 0 20
2019 Métis 30 19 26 16 9 0 0 55

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 46 18 15 8 6 2 5 50 50 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 23 11 5 4 1 8 54 46 3300
2024 First Nation 35 23 24 4 3 4 7 40 60 25
2024 Métis 63 10 9 5 10 0 3 65 35 35
2022 Indigenous 50 16 17 5 4 0 8 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 23 11 6 6 0 6 3760
2022 First Nation 59 8 25 0 0 0 8 20
2022 Métis 50 16 14 9 5 0 7 45
2020 Indigenous 51 23 10 4 8 0 3 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 24 15 8 6 0 4 3500
2020 First Nation 57 28 4 0 7 0 4 25
2020 Métis 48 19 14 7 9 0 3 40
2019 Indigenous 69 14 10 1 1 1 4 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 23 12 5 3 0 5 3665
2019 First Nation 68 16 7 0 0 0 9 20
2019 Métis 70 13 10 2 2 2 2 60

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 25 29 19 8 0 0 20 80 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 29 25 19 11 13 0 1 30 70 3300
2024 First Nation 28 21 32 15 5 0 0 28 72 25
2024 Métis 18 27 25 21 9 0 0 18 82 35
2022 Indigenous 31 23 28 9 8 0 0 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 27 19 10 10 0 1 3755
2022 First Nation 28 29 43 0 0 0 0 20
2022 Métis 33 21 20 16 10 0 0 45
2020 Indigenous 28 27 18 10 14 0 3 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 28 21 12 10 0 0 3505
2020 First Nation 28 26 28 3 11 0 4 25
2020 Métis 28 28 12 14 16 0 3 45
2019 Indigenous 40 31 13 7 9 0 0 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 29 19 9 7 0 1 3675
2019 First Nation 45 26 7 9 12 0 0 20
2019 Métis 36 34 16 7 8 0 0 60

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 32 21 7 5 0 1 34 66 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 30 19 9 7 1 2 33 67 3290
2024 First Nation 31 38 7 16 4 0 3 32 68 25
2024 Métis 32 28 35 0 5 0 0 32 68 35
2022 Indigenous 36 34 22 2 4 0 2 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 32 17 8 7 1 2 3755
2022 First Nation 34 52 10 4 0 0 0 20
2022 Métis 41 23 27 2 4 0 3 45
2020 Indigenous 37 29 13 14 4 0 3 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 33 18 7 3 1 1 3500
2020 First Nation 50 18 15 18 0 0 0 25
2020 Métis 30 36 11 12 7 0 5 45
2019 Indigenous 37 26 20 10 6 0 1 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 34 21 9 4 1 1 3670
2019 First Nation 54 21 12 8 4 0 0 20
2019 Métis 30 27 24 10 7 0 2 60

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 19 37 33 9 3 0 0 19 81 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 30 21 10 9 1 1 27 73 3295
2024 First Nation 27 29 34 10 0 0 0 27 73 25
2024 Métis 16 38 32 10 4 0 0 16 84 35
2022 Indigenous 29 36 16 10 5 0 4 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 31 21 10 8 1 2 3760
2022 First Nation 40 27 10 15 0 0 8 20
2022 Métis 28 38 13 8 9 0 3 45
2020 Indigenous 23 28 20 14 10 0 5 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 33 21 9 5 1 1 3495
2020 First Nation 30 33 15 15 3 0 4 25
2020 Métis 19 25 23 14 14 0 5 45
2019 Indigenous 26 38 16 13 7 0 0 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 31 23 11 5 0 1 3675
2019 First Nation 42 38 20 0 0 0 0 20
2019 Métis 19 38 15 19 10 0 0 60

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 37 37 17 1 7 0 1 37 63 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 30 18 9 8 0 2 35 65 3300
2024 First Nation 40 39 21 0 0 0 0 40 60 25
2024 Métis 39 34 17 0 10 0 0 39 61 35
2022 Indigenous 34 38 17 4 6 0 0 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 30 17 8 7 0 2 3760
2022 First Nation 34 38 21 8 0 0 0 20
2022 Métis 32 36 17 4 10 0 0 45
2020 Indigenous 40 19 21 6 11 0 3 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 32 17 9 5 0 1 3500
2020 First Nation 50 14 21 7 3 0 4 25
2020 Métis 33 23 21 5 16 0 3 45
2019 Indigenous 35 27 18 13 5 1 2 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 31 20 10 6 1 1 3665
2019 First Nation 30 34 28 0 4 3 0 20
2019 Métis 34 25 14 19 5 0 2 60

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 48 25 11 10 7 0 0 48 52 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 27 13 7 6 1 2 46 54 3290
2024 First Nation 41 29 12 12 6 0 0 41 59 25
2024 Métis 56 21 8 10 5 0 0 56 44 35
2022 Indigenous 50 30 6 5 9 0 0 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 25 12 6 5 1 2 3760
2022 First Nation 63 24 6 4 4 0 0 20
2022 Métis 49 32 4 7 9 0 0 45
2020 Indigenous 51 18 14 6 7 1 3 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 25 12 6 5 1 1 3500
2020 First Nation 50 18 22 4 4 0 4 25
2020 Métis 52 18 9 7 9 2 3 45
2019 Indigenous 50 24 12 6 5 1 2 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 26 14 7 6 1 1 3675
2019 First Nation 71 16 0 5 4 4 0 20
2019 Métis 40 29 17 7 5 0 2 60

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 53 25 16 3 2 0 1 54 46 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 51 26 11 6 4 0 2 52 48 3295
2024 First Nation 57 26 13 4 0 0 0 57 43 25
2024 Métis 58 23 19 0 0 0 0 58 42 35
2022 Indigenous 57 16 14 4 7 0 0 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 26 11 5 4 0 2 3760
2022 First Nation 65 15 16 0 4 0 0 20
2022 Métis 57 14 15 8 6 0 0 45
2020 Indigenous 30 30 21 8 9 0 3 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 32 23 11 6 0 0 3505
2020 First Nation 35 29 18 7 7 0 4 25
2020 Métis 26 30 23 9 9 0 3 45

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 36 16 8 8 0 0 32 68 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 31 18 8 6 0 1 36 64 3285
2024 First Nation 33 43 10 7 7 0 0 33 67 25
2024 Métis 36 28 17 9 10 0 0 36 64 35
2022 Indigenous 25 40 21 8 7 0 0 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 31 18 9 5 0 1 3760
2022 First Nation 32 24 29 4 11 0 0 20
2022 Métis 24 46 15 10 6 0 0 45
2020 Indigenous 22 40 10 18 9 0 2 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 33 21 10 5 0 1 3505
2020 First Nation 28 44 4 21 4 0 0 25
2020 Métis 19 37 13 17 12 0 3 45
2019 Indigenous 35 26 25 12 0 0 2 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 30 19 8 4 0 1 3660
2019 First Nation 42 32 15 11 0 0 0 20
2019 Métis 31 25 28 13 0 0 2 60

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 45 16 9 12 16 0 3 46 54 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 18 13 9 16 0 4 41 59 3290
2024 First Nation 36 19 13 14 16 0 3 37 63 25
2024 Métis 54 11 6 9 18 0 2 55 45 35
2022 Indigenous 42 25 12 11 7 0 3 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 21 13 7 7 1 4 3755
2022 First Nation 29 20 17 11 9 0 13 20
2022 Métis 46 22 10 14 8 0 0 45
2020 Indigenous 44 40 11 1 1 0 2 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 30 15 5 3 0 1 3485
2020 First Nation 39 51 11 0 0 0 0 25
2020 Métis 47 34 11 2 2 0 3 40
2019 Indigenous 57 20 11 5 5 0 3 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 56 23 11 5 3 0 2 3655
2019 First Nation 47 33 12 3 5 0 0 20
2019 Métis 60 16 10 5 5 0 4 60

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 57 23 10 5 5 0 0 57 43 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 44 29 12 6 6 0 2 45 55 3285
2024 First Nation 55 29 11 4 0 0 0 55 45 25
2024 Métis 55 24 9 5 7 0 0 55 45 35
2022 Indigenous 47 31 19 2 1 0 2 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 31 14 6 4 0 1 3750
2022 First Nation 54 21 25 0 0 0 0 20
2022 Métis 46 29 17 3 2 0 3 45
2020 Indigenous 32 35 18 7 7 0 2 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 34 22 9 5 0 0 3490
2020 First Nation 33 36 20 3 7 0 0 25
2020 Métis 31 35 16 9 7 0 3 45

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 75 10 2 0 6 0 6 80 20 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 71 10 4 2 2 1 9 79 21 3295
2024 First Nation 77 10 3 0 0 0 10 85 15 25
2024 Métis 74 12 0 0 11 0 3 76 24 35

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 59 19 8 5 4 0 4 62 38 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 12 7 3 6 1 8 69 31 3300
2024 First Nation 70 6 8 10 0 0 6 74 26 25
2024 Métis 57 27 11 0 2 0 3 59 41 35

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 71 14 2 4 5 0 4 74 26 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 72 10 5 3 3 2 6 78 22 3300
2024 First Nation 65 23 0 3 5 0 3 68 32 25
2024 Métis 78 10 0 5 5 0 2 80 20 35
2022 Indigenous 77 5 7 5 3 2 2 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 76 9 4 2 3 1 6 3760
2022 First Nation 69 0 10 4 7 5 6 20
2022 Métis 82 8 5 2 2 2 0 45
2020 Indigenous 75 10 6 1 4 0 3 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 80 9 4 2 2 1 3 3500
2020 First Nation 74 11 4 4 4 0 4 25
2020 Métis 76 9 7 0 4 0 3 45
2019 Indigenous 73 5 8 7 6 0 2 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 72 12 5 3 4 1 3 3660
2019 First Nation 83 0 8 5 4 0 0 20
2019 Métis 67 7 8 8 7 0 2 60

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 68 26 0 3 1 0 2 70 30 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 66 18 7 2 2 0 4 69 31 3295
2024 First Nation 66 30 0 4 0 0 0 66 34 25
2024 Métis 72 23 0 3 2 0 0 72 28 35
2022 Indigenous 69 18 10 0 0 0 2 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 69 17 5 2 2 0 4 3760
2022 First Nation 67 12 15 0 0 0 6 20
2022 Métis 75 18 7 0 0 0 0 45
2020 Indigenous 76 14 3 3 3 0 2 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 71 20 5 2 1 0 2 3490
2020 First Nation 81 11 0 8 0 0 0 25
2020 Métis 72 16 4 0 4 0 3 45
2019 Indigenous 59 21 10 6 3 0 2 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 58 25 9 3 2 0 2 3655
2019 First Nation 58 28 14 0 0 0 0 20
2019 Métis 58 19 8 8 4 0 2 55

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 67 12 10 4 6 0 0 67 33 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 65 15 7 3 6 1 3 68 32 3295
2024 First Nation 54 17 15 9 5 0 0 54 46 25
2024 Métis 77 10 8 0 5 0 0 77 23 35
2022 Indigenous 64 21 7 4 3 0 1 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 68 14 6 3 4 0 4 3755
2022 First Nation 63 16 10 4 7 0 0 20
2022 Métis 68 22 9 0 2 0 0 45
2020 Indigenous 68 11 4 7 7 0 2 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 69 16 6 4 3 0 1 3495
2020 First Nation 74 8 3 11 4 0 0 25
2020 Métis 65 14 5 5 9 0 3 45
2019 Indigenous 61 11 11 7 7 1 2 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 62 18 9 5 5 0 1 3655
2019 First Nation 73 14 5 5 4 0 0 20
2019 Métis 55 10 14 9 8 2 2 55

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 69 6 5 4 1 0 15 81 19 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 62 11 4 2 1 0 20 77 23 3290
2024 First Nation 72 9 0 0 3 0 16 86 14 25
2024 Métis 70 5 5 5 0 0 15 82 18 35
2022 Indigenous 69 3 4 1 0 0 23 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 65 9 4 1 1 0 19 3755
2022 First Nation 53 4 10 0 0 0 33 20
2022 Métis 75 2 2 2 0 0 19 45
2020 Indigenous 56 11 4 3 0 0 26 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 62 12 4 1 1 0 20 3490
2020 First Nation 68 7 3 0 0 0 22 25
2020 Métis 49 14 5 4 0 0 28 45
2019 Indigenous 57 6 5 1 0 0 31 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 59 12 5 2 1 0 21 3635
2019 First Nation 62 12 0 0 0 0 25 20
2019 Métis 54 3 7 2 0 0 34 60

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 78 12 2 3 1 0 4 81 19 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 71 15 6 2 1 1 6 75 25 3295
2024 First Nation 69 14 3 7 4 0 4 72 28 25
2024 Métis 85 10 2 0 0 0 3 87 13 35
2022 Indigenous 71 14 7 0 0 0 7 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 73 14 5 1 1 1 6 3745
2022 First Nation 59 14 21 0 0 0 6 20
2022 Métis 80 13 4 0 0 0 4 45
2020 Indigenous 68 19 7 1 1 0 3 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 71 18 5 1 1 1 3 3505
2020 First Nation 66 30 0 0 0 0 4 25
2020 Métis 69 12 11 2 2 0 3 40
2019 Indigenous 73 15 5 4 2 0 1 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 71 16 6 1 1 0 4 3650
2019 First Nation 77 14 3 6 0 0 0 20
2019 Métis 72 15 5 3 3 0 2 60

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 66 22 5 4 1 0 3 68 32 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 60 17 8 4 6 0 3 63 37 3305
2024 First Nation 76 11 3 7 4 0 0 76 24 25
2024 Métis 65 27 5 0 0 0 3 67 33 35
2022 Indigenous 63 20 6 6 1 0 4 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 72 13 5 2 3 1 5 3765
2022 First Nation 57 24 10 10 0 0 0 20
2022 Métis 67 22 0 4 2 0 5 45
2020 Indigenous 71 21 1 1 4 0 2 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 74 13 6 2 2 1 2 3505
2020 First Nation 76 24 0 0 0 0 0 25
2020 Métis 68 18 2 2 7 0 3 45
2019 Indigenous 70 10 7 4 4 1 4 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 76 12 5 2 3 1 3 3660
2019 First Nation 77 0 8 8 5 3 0 20
2019 Métis 68 15 8 2 2 0 6 60

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 46 26 22 3 1 0 3 47 53 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 26 13 4 4 0 4 52 48 3300
2024 First Nation 42 22 29 4 3 0 0 42 58 25
2024 Métis 52 26 17 2 0 0 3 53 47 35
2022 Indigenous 37 39 16 4 2 0 1 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 25 13 5 3 0 3 3755
2022 First Nation 34 44 13 8 0 0 0 20
2022 Métis 40 36 16 4 4 0 0 45
2020 Indigenous 36 38 14 5 3 2 2 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 29 16 6 3 0 1 3505
2020 First Nation 30 40 15 7 4 5 0 25
2020 Métis 40 37 14 4 2 0 3 45
2019 Indigenous 54 23 13 5 5 0 0 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 26 12 4 2 0 2 3660
2019 First Nation 51 34 3 4 8 0 0 20
2019 Métis 54 20 18 5 4 0 0 60

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)		 Low
(%)		 Moderate
(%)		 High
(%)		 Very High
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 3 28 45 12 10 0 0 32 23 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 30 40 14 6 0 0 40 20 3305
2024 First Nation 7 29 40 17 8 0 0 35 25 25
2024 Métis 2 35 46 7 10 0 0 36 17 35
2022 Indigenous 11 39 34 9 7 0 0 49 17 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 33 38 13 5 0 0 44 18 3765
2022 First Nation 0 41 51 4 4 0 0 41 8 20
2022 Métis 17 37 31 6 9 0 0 53 15 45
2020 Indigenous 23 30 25 11 11 0 0 52 22 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 15 34 34 13 4 0 0 49 17 3510
2020 First Nation 29 32 25 3 11 0 0 61 15 25
2020 Métis 19 28 26 16 12 0 0 47 27 45
2019 Indigenous 20 30 27 19 5 0 0 50 23 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 35 33 10 4 0 0 53 14 3685
2019 First Nation 16 38 38 4 5 0 0 53 9 20
2019 Métis 20 28 22 25 5 0 0 48 30 60

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 10 30 37 15 7 0 0 22 41 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 21 39 20 9 0 0 29 32 3305
2024 First Nation 8 24 50 8 10 0 0 18 32 25
2024 Métis 10 31 32 21 6 0 0 27 41 35
2022 Indigenous 11 26 31 18 14 0 0 32 37 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 18 39 23 11 0 0 34 27 3760
2022 First Nation 8 37 40 14 0 0 0 14 46 20
2022 Métis 12 24 31 17 16 0 0 34 35 45
2020 Indigenous 14 14 36 26 10 0 0 36 28 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 19 37 24 10 0 0 34 29 3505
2020 First Nation 11 14 29 32 14 0 0 46 25 25
2020 Métis 16 14 41 22 7 0 0 29 31 40
2019 Indigenous 14 13 38 22 13 0 0 35 27 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 15 38 26 12 0 0 39 23 3650
2019 First Nation 12 12 35 37 4 0 0 41 24 20
2019 Métis 15 14 39 17 14 0 0 31 30 60
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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 66 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 63 3305
2024 First Nation 24 65 25
2024 Métis 21 63 35
2022 Indigenous 24 58 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 62 3765
2022 First Nation 29 55 20
2022 Métis 27 55 45
2020 Indigenous 33 55 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 55 3515
2020 First Nation 46 43 25
2020 Métis 25 63 45

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 69 31 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 48 52 685
2022 Indigenous 53 47 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 57 800
2022 Métis 44 56 15
2020 Indigenous 30 70 20
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 54 900
2020 First Nation 24 76 10
2020 Métis 36 64 10

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 37 14 10 5 13 0 22 47 53 70
2024 Non-Indigenous 41 14 10 6 6 3 20 53 47 3305
2024 First Nation 36 6 13 10 21 0 14 42 58 25
2024 Métis 35 18 10 2 10 0 25 47 53 35
2022 Indigenous 39 18 9 5 8 1 20 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 15 10 5 6 3 19 3765
2022 First Nation 48 13 11 0 12 4 11 20
2022 Métis 41 21 6 6 5 0 21 45
2020 Indigenous 46 14 14 2 8 1 15 70
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 16 12 7 5 2 11 3505
2020 First Nation 46 21 11 4 7 0 11 25
2020 Métis 45 9 17 0 10 2 17 45
2019 Indigenous 31 20 12 17 15 0 7 80
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 18 14 10 10 1 7 3600
2019 First Nation 39 29 10 8 13 0 0 20
2019 Métis 27 17 13 18 16 0 10 55

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 25 6 18 29 0 0 46 47 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 19 14 17 31 3 4 34 52 685
2022 Indigenous 16 30 13 9 27 0 4 48 38 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 21 16 19 27 2 6 33 50 800
2022 Métis 18 39 14 6 22 0 0 57 29 15
2020 Indigenous 20 8 18 12 41 0 0 29 53 20
2020 Non-Indigenous 15 25 14 19 20 1 6 43 42 900
2020 First Nation 15 8 18 15 44 0 0 23 60 10
2020 Métis 27 9 19 9 36 0 0 36 45 10

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 7 13 18 55 0 7 7 79 15
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 17 12 20 40 2 3 25 63 680
2022 Indigenous 11 29 12 13 35 0 0 40 48 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 19 12 20 38 2 3 26 61 800
2022 Métis 10 25 7 21 38 0 0 35 58 15
2020 Indigenous 8 12 20 13 46 0 0 21 59 20
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 19 13 22 31 1 4 30 56 900
2020 First Nation 0 8 29 8 55 0 0 8 63 10
2020 Métis 18 18 10 19 35 0 0 36 54 10
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