2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada by Question 101. Please indicate your occupational group. If you are in an acting position, specify the group of the action position. Occupational group and level - CO

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Table of contents

Top of page

Employee engagement

Employee engagement

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 34 38 13 9 6 0 0 72 15 440
2024 CO-01 33 33 15 7 11 0 0 66 19 80
2024 CO-02 31 39 15 9 5 0 0 70 14 205
2024 CO-03 41 41 6 9 3 0 0 82 12 140
2022 CO 38 40 12 7 4 0 0 78 11 505
2022 CO-01 38 41 12 8 0 1 0 80 8 100
2022 CO-02 36 39 13 7 5 0 0 75 12 265
2022 CO-03 39 42 9 6 4 0 0 81 10 130
2020 CO 39 39 10 8 4 0 0 77 12 470
2020 CO-01 39 35 11 10 5 0 0 74 15 80
2020 CO-02 37 38 12 9 4 0 0 75 13 245
2020 CO-03 43 41 6 5 4 0 0 84 9 130
2020 CO-04 30 50 10 0 10 0 0 80 10 10
2019 CO 36 41 11 7 5 0 0 77 13 510
2019 CO-01 39 35 11 9 6 0 0 74 15 100
2019 CO-02 33 44 13 5 6 0 0 76 11 245
2019 CO-03 38 43 7 10 3 0 0 80 13 140
2019 CO-04 73 9 9 9 0 0 0 82 9 10

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 32 34 14 11 9 0 0 66 20 440
2024 CO-01 40 27 12 8 13 0 0 67 21 85
2024 CO-02 25 39 18 13 6 0 0 64 19 205
2024 CO-03 38 33 9 10 9 0 0 71 20 140
2022 CO 37 38 10 10 4 0 0 76 14 505
2022 CO-01 36 41 14 7 1 0 0 78 8 100
2022 CO-02 38 38 10 7 7 0 0 76 14 265
2022 CO-03 37 36 8 17 2 0 0 73 20 130
2020 CO 36 34 14 10 6 0 0 71 15 470
2020 CO-01 36 40 9 11 5 0 0 75 16 80
2020 CO-02 34 36 14 10 6 0 0 70 16 250
2020 CO-03 39 30 17 7 7 0 0 69 14 130
2020 CO-04 60 10 10 10 10 0 0 70 20 10
2019 CO 34 35 11 10 10 0 0 70 19 510
2019 CO-01 38 32 10 10 11 0 0 69 21 100
2019 CO-02 29 38 12 11 10 1 0 68 21 240
2019 CO-03 40 35 11 6 8 0 0 75 14 140
2019 CO-04 50 25 0 8 17 0 0 75 25 10

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 46 33 13 6 3 0 0 78 9 440
2024 CO-01 47 22 17 8 6 1 0 69 14 85
2024 CO-02 43 37 14 5 2 0 0 79 7 205
2024 CO-03 52 34 10 3 1 0 0 86 4 140
2022 CO 47 37 10 4 2 0 0 84 6 505
2022 CO-01 44 43 12 2 0 0 0 86 2 100
2022 CO-02 47 34 10 6 3 0 0 81 9 265
2022 CO-03 49 38 10 2 1 0 0 87 3 130
2022 CO-04 61 29 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 10
2020 CO 51 34 9 4 2 0 0 85 6 465
2020 CO-01 47 37 6 9 1 0 0 84 10 80
2020 CO-02 50 34 10 5 1 0 0 84 6 250
2020 CO-03 55 32 7 2 4 0 0 87 6 125
2020 CO-04 50 50 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2019 CO 49 35 9 5 2 0 0 84 7 510
2019 CO-01 47 34 11 6 1 0 0 82 7 100
2019 CO-02 46 37 11 4 1 0 0 84 5 240
2019 CO-03 53 34 5 6 2 0 0 86 9 140
2019 CO-04 75 8 8 8 0 0 0 83 8 10

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 35 38 15 8 4 0 0 73 12 440
2024 CO-01 40 25 17 9 8 0 0 66 18 85
2024 CO-02 30 43 18 6 2 0 0 73 9 205
2024 CO-03 41 41 8 6 3 0 0 82 9 140
2022 CO 40 42 10 7 2 0 0 81 9 505
2022 CO-01 45 37 11 5 2 0 0 83 7 100
2022 CO-02 37 42 8 10 2 0 0 80 12 260
2022 CO-03 39 43 13 3 2 0 0 82 5 130
2020 CO 44 38 8 7 2 0 0 83 9 470
2020 CO-01 44 35 12 7 1 0 0 79 9 80
2020 CO-02 43 38 8 8 2 0 0 82 10 250
2020 CO-03 46 40 5 5 2 1 0 87 8 130
2020 CO-04 40 40 10 10 0 0 0 80 10 10
2019 CO 41 39 9 7 4 0 0 80 11 515
2019 CO-01 44 38 5 9 5 0 0 81 14 100
2019 CO-02 37 44 9 6 3 0 0 81 9 245
2019 CO-03 44 35 12 6 4 0 0 79 9 140
2019 CO-04 58 17 17 8 0 0 0 75 8 10

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 36 34 14 8 7 0 0 71 16 440
2024 CO-01 37 34 14 3 12 0 0 71 15 85
2024 CO-02 33 39 13 9 5 1 0 73 15 205
2024 CO-03 42 28 15 10 4 0 0 70 14 140
2022 CO 42 34 12 8 4 1 0 76 12 505
2022 CO-01 49 33 9 5 4 0 0 82 8 100
2022 CO-02 38 33 14 9 4 1 0 72 13 265
2022 CO-03 41 36 9 9 4 1 0 77 13 130
2022 CO-04 50 30 20 0 0 0 0 80 0 10
2020 CO 45 30 15 6 4 1 0 75 10 470
2020 CO-01 45 33 12 2 6 1 0 79 9 80
2020 CO-02 45 28 17 6 3 1 0 74 9 250
2020 CO-03 46 31 12 6 5 0 0 77 12 130
2020 CO-04 40 30 10 0 20 0 0 70 20 10
2019 CO 40 30 15 8 6 1 0 70 14 510
2019 CO-01 50 19 14 8 9 1 0 69 17 100
2019 CO-02 33 34 17 8 7 1 0 68 15 240
2019 CO-03 43 31 14 8 3 1 0 75 11 140
2019 CO-04 50 25 8 8 8 0 0 75 17 10

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 32 37 12 12 6 0 0 70 18 440
2024 CO-01 34 41 8 7 9 1 0 76 16 85
2024 CO-02 30 40 13 12 6 0 0 69 18 205
2024 CO-03 37 34 13 14 3 0 0 70 17 140
2022 CO 38 36 12 10 4 1 0 75 14 505
2022 CO-01 49 25 14 9 3 0 0 74 12 100
2022 CO-02 33 38 12 10 5 1 0 72 15 265
2022 CO-03 38 39 7 10 2 2 1 80 13 130
2022 CO-04 41 39 10 10 0 0 0 80 10 10
2020 CO 41 35 12 9 3 0 0 76 12 470
2020 CO-01 44 37 9 11 0 0 0 80 11 80
2020 CO-02 40 34 14 8 3 0 0 74 11 245
2020 CO-03 41 36 11 7 5 0 0 78 12 130
2020 CO-04 40 30 20 10 0 0 0 70 10 10
2019 CO 38 37 10 9 6 1 0 75 15 515
2019 CO-01 49 28 6 9 8 1 0 77 17 100
2019 CO-02 33 38 13 9 7 1 0 71 15 245
2019 CO-03 38 43 6 9 4 0 0 81 13 140
2019 CO-04 42 33 8 8 8 0 0 75 17 10

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 30 25 14 14 10 6 0 59 26 440
2024 CO-01 30 23 13 13 16 5 0 56 31 80
2024 CO-02 27 29 13 15 8 8 0 61 26 205
2024 CO-03 38 23 17 12 6 3 1 64 19 140
2022 CO 33 25 14 14 9 5 0 61 24 505
2022 CO-01 37 21 17 7 11 7 0 62 20 100
2022 CO-02 31 24 15 15 9 5 0 58 26 265
2022 CO-03 33 30 10 17 5 4 0 67 23 130
2022 CO-04 40 30 10 10 10 0 0 70 20 10
2020 CO 34 28 19 9 6 4 0 65 16 470
2020 CO-01 30 34 12 10 7 6 0 69 18 80
2020 CO-02 34 28 17 11 5 4 0 65 17 245
2020 CO-03 37 25 25 6 5 1 1 63 12 130
2020 CO-04 30 30 30 0 10 0 0 60 10 10
2019 CO 34 23 19 13 8 3 0 58 22 515
2019 CO-01 45 15 16 10 11 3 0 62 22 100
2019 CO-02 28 23 20 18 7 3 0 54 26 245
2019 CO-03 36 26 21 8 6 3 0 64 15 140
2019 CO-04 25 42 8 8 17 0 0 67 25 10
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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 47 30 11 4 4 2 2 81 8 440
2024 CO-01 48 25 10 4 6 4 2 78 11 85
2024 CO-02 42 31 15 4 3 1 3 77 8 205
2024 CO-03 55 36 3 2 3 0 0 91 6 140
2022 CO 53 29 11 3 2 1 1 84 5 505
2022 CO-01 46 31 11 4 2 2 3 81 7 100
2022 CO-02 52 29 12 3 2 1 1 83 5 260
2022 CO-03 60 29 8 2 0 0 1 89 2 130
2020 CO 54 25 12 3 3 1 3 82 6 470
2020 CO-01 41 27 20 4 1 2 5 74 5 80
2020 CO-02 54 25 13 2 2 1 3 82 5 245
2020 CO-03 61 23 6 4 4 2 1 86 8 130
2020 CO-04 70 20 0 0 10 0 0 90 10 10
2019 CO 47 28 14 5 5 0 2 76 10 510
2019 CO-01 45 22 16 6 8 1 3 69 14 100
2019 CO-02 46 27 15 5 5 0 2 75 10 240
2019 CO-03 50 31 11 4 3 0 1 81 7 140
2019 CO-04 50 42 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 10

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 47 32 9 5 5 0 0 80 11 440
2024 CO-01 52 25 14 2 5 2 0 79 7 85
2024 CO-02 45 33 9 7 5 0 1 79 12 205
2024 CO-03 47 36 6 5 6 0 0 83 11 140
2022 CO 47 33 8 7 3 1 1 82 10 505
2022 CO-01 49 32 12 5 1 1 0 82 6 100
2022 CO-02 50 27 8 6 5 1 2 80 12 260
2022 CO-03 42 41 4 10 2 1 0 83 13 130
2020 CO 50 28 9 8 4 0 0 79 12 470
2020 CO-01 52 26 9 11 2 0 0 78 13 80
2020 CO-02 49 28 11 9 4 0 0 76 12 245
2020 CO-03 54 28 5 6 5 1 1 83 12 130
2020 CO-04 40 50 0 0 10 0 0 90 10 10
2019 CO 40 32 11 8 8 1 0 72 16 510
2019 CO-01 42 26 14 8 8 2 0 69 16 100
2019 CO-02 38 33 10 8 9 1 0 72 17 240
2019 CO-03 44 32 11 6 6 0 0 76 13 140
2019 CO-04 25 42 8 17 8 0 0 67 25 10

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 53 27 9 6 5 0 0 80 11 440
2024 CO-01 54 26 11 3 5 0 1 81 8 85
2024 CO-02 52 28 9 7 5 0 0 80 11 205
2024 CO-03 55 25 7 6 7 0 0 80 13 140
2022 CO 56 26 10 4 4 0 0 82 8 505
2022 CO-01 54 28 14 4 0 0 0 82 4 100
2022 CO-02 56 24 9 5 5 0 0 81 10 265
2022 CO-03 55 28 8 4 5 0 0 83 9 130
2022 CO-04 60 30 0 9 0 0 0 91 9 10
2020 CO 56 26 9 6 3 0 0 82 9 470
2020 CO-01 50 29 6 12 2 0 0 79 15 80
2020 CO-02 56 28 9 4 3 0 0 84 7 245
2020 CO-03 60 22 8 5 4 0 1 82 9 130
2020 CO-04 60 20 20 0 0 0 0 80 0 10
2019 CO 48 27 10 7 8 0 0 75 15 510
2019 CO-01 53 23 6 9 8 1 0 77 17 100
2019 CO-02 44 31 11 6 8 0 0 75 14 245
2019 CO-03 51 26 9 6 9 0 0 77 14 140
2019 CO-04 58 17 8 8 8 0 0 75 17 10

Senior management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 33 29 15 7 9 8 0 67 17 440
2024 CO-01 35 33 13 2 9 9 0 75 11 85
2024 CO-02 32 29 17 6 8 8 0 67 15 205
2024 CO-03 36 25 14 12 7 6 0 64 21 140
2022 CO 38 28 12 7 6 10 0 73 14 505
2022 CO-01 48 21 10 5 5 11 0 78 11 100
2022 CO-02 33 29 14 5 7 11 0 71 14 265
2022 CO-03 39 32 8 13 4 4 0 74 18 130
2020 CO 40 29 13 7 3 7 0 74 11 470
2020 CO-01 38 34 6 6 4 11 1 82 11 80
2020 CO-02 39 27 14 8 3 9 0 72 12 245
2020 CO-03 41 30 16 6 3 3 1 74 10 130
2020 CO-04 60 20 0 10 10 0 0 80 20 10
2019 CO 29 34 13 9 9 7 0 68 19 510
2019 CO-01 39 26 4 6 16 10 0 71 24 100
2019 CO-02 23 35 14 10 9 9 0 63 21 245
2019 CO-03 30 39 16 6 5 4 0 72 11 140
2019 CO-04 33 42 0 8 17 0 0 75 25 10

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 28 32 14 10 12 4 0 62 23 440
2024 CO-01 34 33 10 4 12 8 0 73 17 85
2024 CO-02 23 34 19 9 12 3 0 59 22 205
2024 CO-03 32 27 11 16 11 2 0 61 28 140
2022 CO 30 32 15 10 9 4 0 64 20 505
2022 CO-01 43 26 14 7 5 6 0 73 12 100
2022 CO-02 25 33 15 10 12 5 0 61 23 265
2022 CO-03 31 33 14 13 7 1 0 65 21 130
2020 CO 37 34 14 8 5 1 0 72 14 470
2020 CO-01 37 40 10 6 5 1 1 79 11 80
2020 CO-02 37 30 17 9 6 1 0 68 15 245
2020 CO-03 39 37 12 9 4 0 0 76 12 130
2020 CO-04 40 40 10 10 0 0 0 80 10 10
2019 CO 26 37 13 10 11 3 0 65 21 510
2019 CO-01 35 29 8 10 15 4 0 66 26 100
2019 CO-02 21 40 16 10 11 2 0 62 22 245
2019 CO-03 30 40 11 10 7 2 0 72 17 140
2019 CO-04 33 25 25 8 8 0 0 58 17 10

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 19 30 16 16 12 7 0 53 30 440
2024 CO-01 21 29 16 16 8 10 0 55 27 85
2024 CO-02 16 32 20 13 12 8 0 52 27 205
2024 CO-03 24 30 12 20 12 2 0 55 33 140
2022 CO 23 29 16 15 10 8 0 56 27 505
2022 CO-01 36 29 12 10 7 8 0 70 18 100
2022 CO-02 18 26 21 16 11 9 0 48 29 265
2022 CO-03 22 35 9 16 13 5 0 60 31 130
2020 CO 22 34 20 14 8 3 0 57 22 470
2020 CO-01 25 37 21 6 5 5 1 66 12 80
2020 CO-02 22 30 21 14 9 4 0 54 24 245
2020 CO-03 21 38 17 17 7 0 0 59 24 130
2020 CO-04 20 30 30 20 0 0 0 50 20 10
2019 CO 19 32 17 16 12 4 0 53 29 510
2019 CO-01 34 27 9 12 13 6 0 64 26 100
2019 CO-02 12 29 20 19 14 5 0 44 35 245
2019 CO-03 16 43 18 15 6 3 0 61 21 140
2019 CO-04 33 17 8 25 17 0 0 50 42 10

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 17 30 15 22 12 4 0 49 35 440
2024 CO-01 23 31 15 16 9 6 0 57 27 85
2024 CO-02 14 29 19 21 13 4 0 44 36 205
2024 CO-03 18 30 9 29 12 2 0 49 42 140
2022 CO 22 29 15 19 12 4 0 53 32 505
2022 CO-01 33 25 15 12 11 5 0 61 23 100
2022 CO-02 19 29 16 21 11 4 0 50 33 265
2022 CO-03 18 35 13 18 14 1 0 53 33 130
2022 CO-04 12 29 10 39 10 0 0 41 49 10
2020 CO 21 35 17 17 8 1 0 58 25 470
2020 CO-01 22 49 12 6 9 1 1 73 15 80
2020 CO-02 19 32 19 21 7 2 0 53 28 245
2020 CO-03 26 31 16 16 9 1 0 58 26 130
2020 CO-04 10 40 20 30 0 0 0 50 30 10
2019 CO 17 31 16 19 13 3 0 50 33 510
2019 CO-01 25 32 11 11 15 6 0 61 28 100
2019 CO-02 12 27 19 24 14 4 0 41 39 245
2019 CO-03 20 36 16 18 9 1 0 57 27 140
2019 CO-04 17 25 17 25 17 0 0 42 42 10
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Workforce

Performance management

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 33 33 14 10 9 0 0 66 20 440
2024 CO-01 39 34 10 8 9 0 0 73 17 85
2024 CO-02 30 32 16 12 8 0 1 63 21 205
2024 CO-03 33 34 15 8 10 0 0 67 18 140
2022 CO 37 35 12 11 5 1 0 72 17 505
2022 CO-01 39 32 17 9 1 1 1 72 10 100
2022 CO-02 38 35 11 10 5 1 0 74 15 265
2022 CO-03 30 36 9 15 10 0 0 66 25 130
2022 CO-04 41 30 9 20 0 0 0 71 20 10
2020 CO 33 40 13 8 6 0 0 73 14 475
2020 CO-01 38 39 9 10 4 0 1 78 14 80
2020 CO-02 32 41 13 8 5 0 0 73 13 250
2020 CO-03 30 40 14 8 8 0 0 70 16 130
2020 CO-04 40 30 10 10 10 0 0 70 20 10
2019 CO 30 35 14 11 9 1 0 66 19 515
2019 CO-01 38 26 16 7 13 1 0 64 20 100
2019 CO-02 26 39 13 12 8 1 1 66 20 245
2019 CO-03 30 38 15 11 6 0 0 67 18 140
2019 CO-04 50 17 8 17 8 0 0 67 25 10

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 31 48 9 8 4 0 0 79 12 440
2024 CO-01 35 51 6 5 4 0 0 85 9 85
2024 CO-02 28 49 12 8 3 0 0 77 11 205
2024 CO-03 32 48 6 10 4 0 0 80 14 140
2022 CO 35 44 10 8 3 0 0 79 11 505
2022 CO-01 39 49 6 4 1 0 0 89 5 100
2022 CO-02 36 44 10 7 3 0 0 80 10 265
2022 CO-03 32 40 13 11 4 0 0 72 15 130
2022 CO-04 21 50 0 20 9 0 0 71 29 10
2020 CO 33 42 10 10 5 0 0 75 15 470
2020 CO-01 42 35 10 6 7 0 0 77 14 80
2020 CO-02 31 45 10 11 4 0 0 76 15 245
2020 CO-03 33 40 11 9 6 0 0 74 16 130
2020 CO-04 20 60 10 10 0 0 0 80 10 10
2019 CO 27 43 13 11 6 0 0 70 16 510
2019 CO-01 33 41 14 9 4 0 0 73 13 100
2019 CO-02 22 44 16 12 6 0 0 66 17 240
2019 CO-03 30 43 9 11 6 0 0 74 17 140
2019 CO-04 50 25 8 8 8 0 0 75 17 10

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 44 33 8 8 6 1 0 77 15 440
2024 CO-01 48 32 8 6 6 1 0 81 12 85
2024 CO-02 43 35 9 7 5 0 0 78 13 205
2024 CO-03 43 31 7 11 7 1 0 74 18 140
2022 CO 44 34 8 10 3 0 0 79 13 505
2022 CO-01 50 30 9 10 0 0 1 81 10 100
2022 CO-02 43 34 7 11 4 0 1 77 15 265
2022 CO-03 40 39 10 9 2 1 0 80 10 130
2022 CO-04 41 39 0 20 0 0 0 80 20 10
2020 CO 46 32 8 8 5 0 0 78 13 470
2020 CO-01 46 30 7 11 4 0 1 78 15 80
2020 CO-02 46 32 11 6 5 0 0 78 11 245
2020 CO-03 48 32 5 9 5 1 0 80 15 130
2020 CO-04 40 40 0 10 10 0 0 80 20 10
2019 CO 37 33 13 7 8 1 1 71 16 510
2019 CO-01 41 25 16 6 10 1 1 67 16 100
2019 CO-02 36 35 11 8 8 1 1 73 16 245
2019 CO-03 36 39 11 6 8 0 0 75 14 140
2019 CO-04 33 42 8 8 8 0 0 75 17 10

Job fit and development

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 28 36 12 17 6 0 0 65 23 440
2024 CO-01 35 33 5 20 7 0 0 68 27 85
2024 CO-02 25 38 16 15 6 1 0 63 20 205
2024 CO-03 31 39 11 15 4 0 0 70 19 140
2022 CO 31 39 13 11 5 0 0 70 16 505
2022 CO-01 30 36 20 12 2 0 0 67 14 100
2022 CO-02 30 39 12 13 6 0 0 69 18 265
2022 CO-03 33 43 10 8 5 0 1 76 13 130
2020 CO 29 42 13 9 5 0 1 72 15 465
2020 CO-01 36 41 8 11 3 1 0 78 14 80
2020 CO-02 26 43 15 9 4 0 1 71 14 245
2020 CO-03 30 39 13 9 7 0 2 71 16 130
2020 CO-04 10 50 20 20 0 0 0 60 20 10
2019 CO 27 40 11 14 7 0 0 68 21 505
2019 CO-01 33 34 13 10 9 0 0 68 19 100
2019 CO-02 20 41 14 18 7 0 1 61 25 240
2019 CO-03 37 42 7 9 5 0 0 78 14 140
2019 CO-04 33 42 17 8 0 0 0 75 8 10

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 52 24 10 6 6 2 1 78 12 440
2024 CO-01 58 19 12 1 8 0 1 78 10 80
2024 CO-02 50 24 12 7 6 2 0 76 12 205
2024 CO-03 52 28 4 8 4 2 1 83 13 140
2022 CO 53 23 12 6 5 3 0 77 10 505
2022 CO-01 55 24 14 5 0 3 0 80 5 100
2022 CO-02 53 21 11 4 7 3 0 77 12 260
2022 CO-03 50 26 12 8 3 1 0 77 11 130
2020 CO 52 20 11 6 6 3 3 77 12 470
2020 CO-01 48 26 12 7 4 2 1 76 11 80
2020 CO-02 52 18 13 6 4 3 2 75 12 245
2020 CO-03 56 21 6 3 8 2 4 82 12 130
2020 CO-04 50 20 10 10 10 0 0 70 20 10

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 24 33 16 14 11 3 0 58 25 440
2024 CO-01 33 28 13 8 15 2 0 63 24 85
2024 CO-02 18 35 19 16 9 3 0 55 26 205
2024 CO-03 26 34 16 16 7 1 0 61 23 140
2022 CO 24 35 14 15 7 4 0 62 23 505
2022 CO-01 31 31 14 16 3 5 0 65 20 100
2022 CO-02 21 35 15 13 9 6 0 60 24 265
2022 CO-03 24 40 13 17 6 1 0 64 23 130
2020 CO 27 34 16 13 7 3 0 63 21 470
2020 CO-01 38 32 10 14 4 2 0 72 18 80
2020 CO-02 23 36 16 13 9 2 0 61 22 245
2020 CO-03 28 33 17 13 6 2 0 62 20 130
2020 CO-04 20 30 40 10 0 0 0 50 10 10
2019 CO 25 36 14 12 10 3 0 63 23 510
2019 CO-01 40 31 10 8 9 3 0 72 17 100
2019 CO-02 16 36 18 16 10 5 0 55 27 245
2019 CO-03 27 44 13 8 9 0 0 71 16 140
2019 CO-04 36 18 18 9 18 0 0 55 27 10

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 38 27 13 8 8 2 5 41 59 440
2024 CO-01 43 21 12 6 11 2 4 45 55 85
2024 CO-02 38 28 12 8 6 2 6 41 59 205
2024 CO-03 38 29 14 9 7 1 1 39 61 140
2022 CO 44 21 17 5 7 1 4 505
2022 CO-01 44 23 13 3 7 2 7 100
2022 CO-02 42 22 15 6 9 1 4 260
2022 CO-03 49 17 22 5 4 1 2 130
2020 CO 50 21 13 7 4 1 4 475
2020 CO-01 68 16 12 1 1 0 1 80
2020 CO-02 49 21 15 8 4 1 4 250
2020 CO-03 44 25 12 8 7 0 5 130
2020 CO-04 30 40 0 20 0 10 0 10
2019 CO 53 21 13 4 4 2 4 515
2019 CO-01 60 21 11 2 2 1 3 100
2019 CO-02 51 19 13 5 5 2 5 245
2019 CO-03 52 24 13 4 4 1 2 140
2019 CO-04 42 17 25 8 8 0 0 10

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 57 11 6 4 4 2 15 70 30 440
2024 CO-01 63 10 6 3 2 2 13 75 25 85
2024 CO-02 54 13 6 5 4 2 17 66 34 205
2024 CO-03 59 9 7 2 6 2 15 71 29 140

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 63 10 6 3 6 6 7 72 28 440
2024 CO-01 66 10 4 0 9 6 4 73 27 85
2024 CO-02 62 9 7 4 3 6 10 74 26 205
2024 CO-03 64 13 5 4 6 4 4 69 31 140
2022 CO 73 9 4 2 3 5 4 505
2022 CO-01 72 12 4 1 0 5 5 100
2022 CO-02 73 7 4 3 3 6 4 260
2022 CO-03 72 12 3 1 4 4 4 130
2020 CO 73 9 5 3 4 4 3 470
2020 CO-02 69 9 7 3 3 5 4 245
2020 CO-03 72 12 2 3 5 2 5 130
2019 CO 74 7 4 3 5 4 2 510
2019 CO-01 74 9 1 2 7 4 3 100
2019 CO-02 72 7 5 4 5 5 1 245
2019 CO-03 79 4 4 1 5 4 4 140
2019 CO-04 75 8 0 8 8 0 0 10

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 68 6 2 1 4 4 15 84 16 440
2024 CO-01 70 6 1 0 6 6 10 84 16 85
2024 CO-02 66 6 2 1 1 2 21 85 15 205
2024 CO-03 72 6 2 2 4 3 11 83 17 140

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 59 11 5 3 6 3 12 70 30 440
2024 CO-01 60 11 4 3 10 6 7 69 31 85
2024 CO-02 57 10 6 3 5 2 17 70 30 205
2024 CO-03 61 14 6 3 4 2 10 70 30 140

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 18 31 11 16 20 3 2 52 37 440
2024 CO-01 27 28 12 12 15 6 0 59 28 85
2024 CO-02 14 30 12 18 22 2 1 46 41 205
2024 CO-03 18 39 8 16 17 0 2 58 34 140
2022 CO 21 37 9 14 15 2 1 60 30 505
2022 CO-01 20 46 8 14 8 2 1 69 23 100
2022 CO-02 21 35 12 13 16 2 0 57 31 265
2022 CO-03 22 33 6 17 18 3 1 58 36 130
2022 CO-04 12 48 0 10 30 0 0 60 40 10
2020 CO 23 26 14 16 15 2 3 52 32 475
2020 CO-01 29 32 9 10 12 4 5 67 24 80
2020 CO-02 20 24 18 19 15 3 2 46 36 250
2020 CO-03 26 29 12 12 16 0 5 58 30 130
2020 CO-04 30 20 20 10 20 0 0 50 30 10
2019 CO 23 28 12 18 16 2 1 53 34 515
2019 CO-01 36 26 12 11 15 1 0 62 26 100
2019 CO-02 14 28 11 24 18 3 2 45 44 245
2019 CO-03 26 33 16 11 12 0 1 60 24 140
2019 CO-04 42 17 25 0 17 0 0 58 17 10

Empowerment

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 31 37 12 12 9 0 0 68 21 440
2024 CO-01 34 30 12 13 10 2 0 65 24 85
2024 CO-02 23 43 15 13 7 0 0 65 20 205
2024 CO-03 43 35 5 10 7 0 0 78 17 140
2022 CO 35 39 10 11 5 0 0 74 15 505
2022 CO-01 36 41 12 9 2 0 0 77 11 100
2022 CO-02 34 36 12 11 7 0 0 70 18 265
2022 CO-03 36 42 7 11 4 0 0 78 15 130
2020 CO 32 42 12 9 5 0 0 73 14 470
2020 CO-01 28 41 16 10 5 0 0 69 15 80
2020 CO-02 27 43 15 8 6 0 0 71 15 250
2020 CO-03 41 41 6 8 4 0 0 82 12 125
2020 CO-04 40 30 10 20 0 0 0 70 20 10
2019 CO 29 42 11 9 8 0 0 72 17 515
2019 CO-01 30 46 9 8 8 0 0 75 16 100
2019 CO-02 22 46 14 9 7 1 0 69 17 245
2019 CO-03 40 35 9 9 8 0 0 74 16 140
2019 CO-04 50 33 0 8 8 0 0 83 17 10

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 34 34 15 10 8 0 0 68 17 440
2024 CO-01 39 32 15 7 7 0 0 72 13 80
2024 CO-02 28 34 18 12 8 0 0 62 20 205
2024 CO-03 39 38 9 8 6 0 0 77 14 140
2022 CO 35 38 14 9 4 0 0 73 13 505
2022 CO-01 38 38 14 10 0 0 0 76 10 100
2022 CO-02 33 37 17 8 5 0 0 71 13 265
2022 CO-03 36 38 10 12 5 0 0 74 16 130
2022 CO-04 42 29 10 20 0 0 0 71 20 10
2020 CO 33 36 16 10 5 0 0 69 15 470
2020 CO-01 34 41 13 5 5 0 1 77 10 80
2020 CO-02 30 35 19 11 5 0 0 65 16 250
2020 CO-03 36 36 12 10 5 0 0 73 16 130
2020 CO-04 50 10 20 20 0 0 0 60 20 10
2019 CO 34 34 12 12 8 0 0 68 21 510
2019 CO-01 38 34 11 11 6 0 0 72 17 100
2019 CO-02 30 34 12 15 9 0 0 64 24 245
2019 CO-03 38 34 11 8 9 0 0 72 16 140
2019 CO-04 50 17 25 0 8 0 0 67 8 10

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 32 37 16 9 6 0 0 69 15 440
2024 CO-01 41 29 15 6 9 0 0 70 15 85
2024 CO-02 28 42 19 8 3 0 1 70 12 205
2024 CO-03 35 37 11 12 6 0 0 71 18 140
2022 CO 36 41 12 8 3 0 0 77 11 505
2022 CO-01 43 42 10 5 0 0 0 85 5 100
2022 CO-02 36 39 13 10 3 0 0 74 13 260
2022 CO-03 34 42 13 8 3 0 0 76 11 130
2022 CO-04 22 49 10 0 10 0 9 78 11 10
2020 CO 31 44 12 9 4 0 0 75 13 470
2020 CO-02 28 46 13 9 5 0 0 73 14 245
2020 CO-03 34 39 13 10 4 0 0 73 14 130
2019 CO 32 39 14 9 5 0 1 72 14 510
2019 CO-01 40 36 12 8 4 0 0 76 12 100
2019 CO-02 25 41 17 9 6 1 1 67 15 240
2019 CO-03 39 39 8 10 4 0 0 78 14 140
2019 CO-04 33 33 25 0 8 0 0 67 8 10

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 20 40 18 11 7 4 0 62 19 440
2024 CO-01 21 38 16 11 6 7 0 64 18 85
2024 CO-02 15 39 22 13 6 4 0 57 20 205
2024 CO-03 26 44 13 9 7 2 0 72 15 140
2022 CO 29 39 14 9 5 4 0 71 15 505
2022 CO-01 30 44 10 5 3 8 1 81 9 100
2022 CO-02 27 38 16 8 7 3 1 67 16 265
2022 CO-03 31 36 15 15 2 1 0 68 17 130
2020 CO 24 41 18 10 4 4 0 67 15 470
2020 CO-01 24 43 18 4 2 9 0 73 7 80
2020 CO-02 20 37 23 12 4 4 0 59 17 250
2020 CO-03 30 46 8 9 6 2 0 77 15 130
2020 CO-04 30 40 20 10 0 0 0 70 10 10
2019 CO 22 44 14 10 7 3 0 68 17 515
2019 CO-01 26 41 12 11 8 3 0 68 19 100
2019 CO-02 17 41 18 11 8 5 0 61 19 245
2019 CO-03 29 51 7 9 4 1 0 81 12 140
2019 CO-04 25 33 25 17 0 0 0 58 17 10

Work-life balance and workload

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 37 27 14 11 11 0 0 64 23 440
2024 CO-01 42 23 14 7 14 0 0 65 21 80
2024 CO-02 36 26 15 10 11 0 1 63 22 205
2024 CO-03 36 30 11 15 8 0 0 66 23 140
2022 CO 40 36 10 7 5 0 0 77 13 505
2022 CO-01 42 34 14 4 6 0 1 76 10 100
2022 CO-02 42 35 8 9 5 1 0 77 15 265
2022 CO-03 37 43 11 5 5 0 0 80 10 130
2020 CO 44 33 10 9 3 0 0 78 12 470
2020 CO-01 49 35 9 6 1 0 0 84 7 80
2020 CO-02 44 35 9 7 4 0 0 79 12 245
2020 CO-03 41 32 13 12 2 0 0 73 14 130
2020 CO-04 40 20 10 20 10 0 0 60 30 10
2019 CO 45 32 8 9 5 0 0 77 14 510
2019 CO-01 53 24 6 12 3 1 1 79 15 100
2019 CO-02 46 32 9 7 6 0 0 78 12 245
2019 CO-03 41 34 9 11 4 0 0 76 16 140
2019 CO-04 42 17 8 17 17 0 0 58 33 10

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 36 40 14 5 3 1 1 77 8 440
2024 CO-01 47 44 5 0 2 1 1 93 2 85
2024 CO-02 37 40 15 5 1 0 1 79 6 205
2024 CO-03 24 38 22 9 5 1 1 63 14 140
2022 CO 39 35 15 6 5 0 1 74 11 505
2022 CO-01 57 29 7 5 1 1 0 87 6 100
2022 CO-02 38 37 16 4 3 0 1 76 7 265
2022 CO-03 25 35 18 13 8 1 0 61 21 130
2022 CO-04 29 31 9 0 30 0 0 60 30 10
2020 CO 30 38 20 7 5 0 0 68 12 475
2020 CO-01 39 45 12 1 2 0 0 84 4 80
2020 CO-02 33 37 21 8 2 0 0 69 10 250
2020 CO-03 23 35 24 10 8 0 0 58 18 130
2020 CO-04 0 40 20 10 30 0 0 40 40 10
2019 CO 34 37 14 7 6 1 0 72 13 510
2019 CO-01 54 27 10 5 2 2 0 83 7 100
2019 CO-02 34 39 15 7 4 0 1 73 12 245
2019 CO-03 23 39 18 9 10 1 0 63 19 140
2019 CO-04 8 50 0 17 25 0 0 58 42 10

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 62 23 5 4 4 3 0 87 8 440
2024 CO-01 67 18 3 3 6 3 0 87 10 85
2024 CO-02 60 24 6 4 2 4 1 88 6 205
2024 CO-03 62 24 6 3 4 1 0 87 7 140
2022 CO 66 21 7 2 2 1 0 89 4 505
2022 CO-01 66 23 5 3 2 2 0 90 5 100
2022 CO-02 66 20 8 2 2 1 0 87 5 265
2022 CO-03 68 21 7 2 1 1 1 90 2 130
2022 CO-04 50 40 0 10 0 0 0 90 10 10

Mobility and retention

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Unsure
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 34 30 36 440
2024 CO-01 40 21 38 85
2024 CO-02 33 30 37 205
2024 CO-03 25 39 36 140
2022 CO 34 33 33 505
2022 CO-01 45 24 31 100
2022 CO-02 30 37 33 265
2022 CO-03 31 33 36 130
2022 CO-04 60 22 19 10
2020 CO 27 37 36 475
2020 CO-01 32 28 40 80
2020 CO-02 24 43 33 250
2020 CO-03 29 30 41 130
2020 CO-04 40 30 30 10
2019 CO 29 38 33 515
2019 CO-01 26 32 43 100
2019 CO-02 28 41 31 245
2019 CO-03 32 38 30 140
2019 CO-04 33 42 25 10

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic To retire
(%)		 To pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)		 End of my term, casual or student employment
(%)		 Other reason
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 13 31 31 13 5 7 145
2024 CO-01 3 27 38 21 9 2 35
2024 CO-02 10 35 33 12 3 7 65
2024 CO-03 36 33 19 6 0 6 35
2022 CO 9 28 42 9 4 8 170
2022 CO-01 4 43 35 4 8 6 45
2022 CO-02 10 23 45 11 1 10 80
2022 CO-03 16 24 38 11 5 6 40
2020 CO 22 25 38 6 2 7 130
2020 CO-02 25 19 42 8 0 5 60
2020 CO-03 29 21 39 5 0 5 40
2019 CO 21 21 42 7 0 9 145
2019 CO-02 19 18 47 9 0 7 70
2019 CO-03 30 23 36 7 0 5 45
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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 45 38 9 5 2 0 0 83 8 440
2024 CO-01 51 30 7 9 2 0 0 81 12 85
2024 CO-02 42 43 12 3 1 0 0 84 4 205
2024 CO-03 49 37 6 6 2 0 0 86 8 140
2022 CO 49 40 6 4 2 0 0 88 6 505
2022 CO-01 49 42 7 3 0 0 0 90 3 100
2022 CO-02 48 40 6 4 2 0 0 88 6 265
2022 CO-03 50 37 6 4 3 0 0 87 7 130
2022 CO-04 32 48 0 20 0 0 0 80 20 10
2020 CO 49 34 8 6 3 0 0 83 9 470
2020 CO-01 48 38 7 5 2 0 0 85 7 80
2020 CO-02 48 35 8 7 2 0 0 82 9 250
2020 CO-03 54 29 7 5 5 0 0 84 9 130
2020 CO-04 40 40 10 10 0 0 0 80 10 10
2019 CO 46 36 11 5 2 0 0 82 7 510
2019 CO-01 52 33 10 3 2 0 0 85 5 100
2019 CO-02 37 41 12 7 1 0 0 79 9 240
2019 CO-03 55 31 9 3 3 0 0 86 6 140
2019 CO-04 50 33 17 0 0 0 0 83 0 10

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 25 42 14 13 5 1 0 68 18 440
2024 CO-01 31 37 15 9 6 2 0 69 15 85
2024 CO-02 21 47 14 14 3 1 0 68 17 205
2024 CO-03 27 40 12 16 5 0 0 67 21 140
2022 CO 25 42 15 13 5 1 0 67 18 505
2022 CO-01 26 46 13 8 2 4 0 75 11 100
2022 CO-02 23 41 18 12 5 1 0 64 17 265
2022 CO-03 30 40 11 15 5 0 0 69 20 130
2020 CO 29 44 14 8 3 1 0 74 11 470
2020 CO-01 30 53 10 2 1 2 1 86 4 80
2020 CO-02 29 42 17 9 3 1 0 71 12 250
2020 CO-03 34 40 13 9 4 0 0 74 13 130
2020 CO-04 0 60 10 30 0 0 0 60 30 10
2019 CO 28 46 13 10 3 0 0 74 13 510
2019 CO-01 37 44 12 3 4 0 0 81 7 100
2019 CO-02 22 46 16 11 4 1 0 68 15 245
2019 CO-03 32 45 10 11 2 0 0 77 13 140
2019 CO-04 8 75 0 17 0 0 0 83 17 10

Organizational performance

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 10 23 34 18 14 1 1 32 33 440
2024 CO-01 7 23 26 23 17 2 3 41 31 80
2024 CO-02 10 21 37 16 15 1 0 31 32 205
2024 CO-03 9 24 38 18 10 0 1 28 33 140
2022 CO 6 20 34 26 10 1 3 38 27 505
2022 CO-01 3 15 31 29 14 3 5 47 20 100
2022 CO-02 6 17 35 26 11 1 3 39 24 265
2022 CO-03 5 30 35 23 5 1 1 29 35 130
2022 CO-04 29 20 39 12 0 0 0 12 50 10
2020 CO 10 19 39 21 10 1 0 31 30 470
2020 CO-01 5 11 27 35 18 2 1 56 16 80
2020 CO-02 11 23 42 15 9 0 0 24 35 250
2020 CO-03 11 16 42 24 7 0 0 31 27 130
2020 CO-04 0 50 40 0 10 0 0 10 50 10
2019 CO 10 22 33 24 9 1 1 34 32 510
2019 CO-01 5 11 31 37 11 3 2 51 17 100
2019 CO-02 12 26 31 21 9 1 1 30 38 245
2019 CO-03 11 22 35 21 10 0 1 31 34 140
2019 CO-04 8 25 42 25 0 0 0 25 33 10

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 21 25 28 11 11 1 1 23 48 435
2024 CO-01 19 18 30 13 16 1 4 30 39 80
2024 CO-02 19 28 29 9 13 1 0 22 48 205
2024 CO-03 24 28 29 14 5 0 0 19 52 140
2022 CO 16 21 32 20 7 1 3 29 39 505
2022 CO-01 13 13 28 27 11 2 6 42 28 100
2022 CO-02 15 23 32 19 7 1 3 27 40 265
2022 CO-03 20 24 33 19 4 0 1 23 44 130
2020 CO 19 22 29 20 9 1 1 29 41 470
2020 CO-01 5 10 24 33 22 4 2 58 16 80
2020 CO-02 22 26 27 17 7 1 1 24 49 245
2020 CO-03 22 21 35 19 4 0 0 23 42 130
2020 CO-04 20 30 30 10 10 0 0 20 50 10
2019 CO 20 19 33 18 7 2 1 26 40 510
2019 CO-01 8 9 33 28 13 5 4 45 19 100
2019 CO-02 23 22 33 14 6 2 0 21 46 245
2019 CO-03 21 20 34 19 6 0 0 24 41 140
2019 CO-04 25 17 25 25 8 0 0 33 42 10

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 7 17 32 27 15 1 1 43 24 440
2024 CO-01 4 13 13 39 27 2 3 69 17 80
2024 CO-02 7 17 34 24 16 2 0 40 25 205
2024 CO-03 6 18 48 22 7 0 0 28 24 140
2022 CO 8 11 31 28 18 1 2 47 20 505
2022 CO-01 4 8 24 25 34 2 4 62 13 100
2022 CO-02 8 9 32 30 17 1 2 49 18 260
2022 CO-03 10 17 38 25 9 1 1 34 28 130
2022 CO-04 30 20 19 31 0 0 0 31 50 10
2020 CO 7 13 36 29 13 0 1 43 21 470
2020 CO-01 2 6 15 44 28 1 4 76 9 80
2020 CO-02 8 14 40 25 12 0 0 38 23 250
2020 CO-03 9 15 41 30 5 0 0 35 23 130
2020 CO-04 10 20 60 0 10 0 0 10 30 10
2019 CO 8 14 29 33 14 1 1 47 23 510
2019 CO-01 3 8 18 40 29 1 2 70 11 100
2019 CO-02 8 13 34 32 12 2 0 44 21 245
2019 CO-03 13 22 28 28 9 0 1 37 35 140
2019 CO-04 17 25 25 25 8 0 0 33 42 10

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 15 24 26 17 13 2 2 32 41 440
2024 CO-01 13 13 23 19 23 4 5 46 29 80
2024 CO-02 14 21 26 21 15 2 1 37 36 205
2024 CO-03 17 36 29 12 5 0 1 17 54 140
2022 CO 10 21 27 20 16 3 4 38 33 505
2022 CO-01 5 15 18 20 30 6 6 57 23 100
2022 CO-02 8 16 30 22 16 3 3 41 26 265
2022 CO-03 16 34 29 13 6 0 2 20 51 130
2022 CO-04 30 30 19 21 0 0 0 21 60 10
2020 CO 13 20 31 20 13 2 1 34 34 470
2020 CO-02 12 19 35 19 12 1 1 32 32 245
2020 CO-03 17 28 35 16 2 0 2 19 46 130
2019 CO 13 21 25 25 13 3 1 39 35 510
2019 CO-01 10 14 13 29 26 5 2 60 26 100
2019 CO-02 14 19 28 23 12 3 1 37 34 245
2019 CO-03 13 29 26 23 6 1 1 30 43 140
2019 CO-04 25 25 17 33 0 0 0 33 50 10

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 11 16 29 19 18 3 3 40 28 440
2024 CO-01 4 18 24 16 29 6 4 50 24 80
2024 CO-02 11 12 34 19 16 4 4 39 25 205
2024 CO-03 15 19 28 24 13 0 1 37 35 140
2022 CO 13 15 24 24 15 4 5 43 30 505
2022 CO-01 10 10 20 21 26 5 8 54 23 100
2022 CO-02 12 13 24 25 16 5 5 45 27 265
2022 CO-03 15 25 29 21 8 1 1 30 40 130
2022 CO-04 40 10 10 40 0 0 0 40 50 10
2020 CO 6 15 26 31 18 3 2 51 22 470
2020 CO-01 2 14 19 27 31 5 2 63 17 80
2020 CO-02 6 17 25 33 14 3 2 49 24 250
2020 CO-03 9 12 29 29 18 1 2 49 21 130
2020 CO-04 10 10 50 30 0 0 0 30 20 10
2019 CO 10 21 29 25 12 2 1 39 32 510
2019 CO-01 11 18 30 18 18 4 1 38 31 100
2019 CO-02 9 23 26 26 12 3 1 40 33 245
2019 CO-03 11 21 31 28 9 1 1 37 32 140
2019 CO-04 17 8 25 50 0 0 0 50 25 10

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 17 20 32 17 11 2 2 29 38 440
2024 CO-01 19 14 28 20 15 3 3 36 34 80
2024 CO-02 12 24 34 13 13 2 1 27 38 205
2024 CO-03 20 19 34 21 4 1 1 26 39 140
2022 CO 15 22 29 20 10 2 3 31 39 505
2022 CO-01 6 15 29 25 16 2 6 44 24 100
2022 CO-02 17 19 29 20 9 3 3 32 38 265
2022 CO-03 17 34 26 17 5 0 1 22 52 130
2020 CO 13 20 32 22 10 1 1 32 34 470
2020 CO-01 4 11 20 37 22 4 4 63 16 80
2020 CO-02 15 23 35 18 8 0 1 26 39 250
2020 CO-03 17 19 34 22 5 1 2 28 37 130
2020 CO-04 0 30 50 10 10 0 0 20 30 10
2019 CO 17 20 29 21 9 2 1 31 39 510
2019 CO-01 6 13 29 25 18 4 4 47 21 100
2019 CO-02 22 24 28 17 7 2 1 24 47 245
2019 CO-03 18 18 33 23 7 0 1 31 36 140
2019 CO-04 17 25 17 25 17 0 0 42 42 10

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 7 11 36 25 18 1 1 44 19 440
2024 CO-01 8 8 35 24 23 0 2 48 16 80
2024 CO-02 5 12 36 24 20 1 2 46 17 205
2024 CO-03 8 13 40 28 12 0 0 39 21 140
2022 CO 5 14 36 24 19 0 2 44 19 505
2022 CO-01 2 9 36 25 23 0 5 50 12 100
2022 CO-02 6 13 34 25 19 1 1 45 20 265
2022 CO-03 3 15 44 22 16 0 0 39 18 130
2022 CO-04 10 51 10 19 10 0 0 29 61 10
2020 CO 9 16 37 29 8 0 1 37 25 475
2020 CO-01 7 12 33 28 16 1 2 46 20 80
2020 CO-02 10 17 38 27 8 0 0 35 27 250
2020 CO-03 9 16 36 35 4 0 0 38 25 130
2020 CO-04 10 20 60 10 0 0 0 10 30 10
2019 CO 7 13 30 31 17 1 1 49 20 510
2019 CO-01 4 10 24 29 29 2 2 60 15 100
2019 CO-02 10 12 33 30 13 1 0 44 23 245
2019 CO-03 4 16 29 34 16 0 0 50 21 140
2019 CO-04 17 0 33 25 25 0 0 50 17 10

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 11 31 21 18 16 3 0 43 36 440
2024 CO-01 16 27 21 16 14 5 0 46 32 85
2024 CO-02 7 33 22 18 18 2 0 41 37 205
2024 CO-03 14 31 17 22 15 1 0 46 37 140
2022 CO 15 33 19 20 11 2 0 49 32 505
2022 CO-01 26 40 14 11 7 3 0 67 19 100
2022 CO-02 12 32 21 20 12 3 0 45 33 265
2022 CO-03 13 29 19 25 13 1 0 42 39 130
2022 CO-04 0 31 20 39 10 0 0 31 49 10
2020 CO 19 36 22 14 6 3 0 56 21 465
2020 CO-02 18 33 26 15 6 2 0 52 21 245
2020 CO-03 19 36 22 13 8 1 0 56 21 130
2019 CO 16 34 19 19 8 3 0 52 28 515
2019 CO-01 25 35 14 14 7 5 1 63 22 100
2019 CO-02 11 35 22 19 9 4 0 48 29 245
2019 CO-03 19 31 19 24 6 1 0 51 30 140
2019 CO-04 17 42 17 8 17 0 0 58 25 10

Diversity and inclusion

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 51 26 9 5 7 2 0 79 13 440
2024 CO-01 65 20 4 3 7 2 0 87 10 85
2024 CO-02 42 32 12 5 6 2 0 76 12 205
2024 CO-03 55 22 7 8 7 1 1 77 15 140
2022 CO 54 27 7 6 4 2 0 83 10 505
2022 CO-01 55 29 7 3 2 3 1 88 5 100
2022 CO-02 53 28 6 7 5 1 0 82 12 260
2022 CO-03 55 26 8 5 4 1 0 83 9 130
2022 CO-04 62 9 10 19 0 0 0 71 19 10
2020 CO 48 28 7 9 6 1 0 77 15 470
2020 CO-01 49 28 7 7 7 1 0 78 15 80
2020 CO-02 47 30 7 10 5 0 0 77 16 245
2020 CO-03 51 26 7 7 8 1 1 78 15 130
2020 CO-04 50 10 20 20 0 0 0 60 20 10
2019 CO 39 30 9 11 10 1 0 70 21 510
2019 CO-01 42 21 13 10 11 2 0 65 22 100
2019 CO-02 36 32 9 10 11 2 0 70 21 245
2019 CO-03 40 33 6 13 9 0 0 72 21 140
2019 CO-04 25 42 8 17 8 0 0 67 25 10

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 57 28 5 5 5 0 0 85 9 440
2024 CO-01 68 24 2 4 2 0 0 92 6 85
2024 CO-02 54 32 5 4 5 0 0 86 9 205
2024 CO-03 55 27 8 6 5 0 0 81 11 140
2022 CO 63 28 3 4 2 0 0 91 5 505
2022 CO-01 65 29 3 2 1 0 0 94 3 100
2022 CO-02 63 28 3 4 2 0 0 91 6 260
2022 CO-03 60 29 4 4 2 0 0 90 6 130
2020 CO 56 29 7 5 3 0 0 85 8 465
2020 CO-01 62 21 10 2 5 0 0 83 7 80
2020 CO-02 53 32 7 7 1 0 0 86 7 245
2020 CO-03 53 30 5 5 5 0 0 84 11 130
2020 CO-04 70 20 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 10
2019 CO 45 30 7 11 6 0 0 75 17 510
2019 CO-01 44 20 11 15 10 0 0 64 25 100
2019 CO-02 46 31 7 10 6 0 0 77 16 240
2019 CO-03 44 35 6 11 4 0 0 79 15 140
2019 CO-04 50 33 8 8 0 0 0 83 8 10

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 46 35 10 4 3 2 0 83 7 440
2024 CO-01 54 31 8 3 3 2 0 86 6 85
2024 CO-02 39 38 13 4 3 3 0 80 7 205
2024 CO-03 54 33 7 4 3 0 0 86 7 140
2022 CO 55 33 6 3 2 1 0 90 4 505
2022 CO-01 51 35 10 1 1 1 1 88 2 100
2022 CO-02 55 32 5 4 2 1 0 89 6 260
2022 CO-03 57 34 4 3 2 1 0 91 5 130
2020 CO 48 35 8 4 2 2 0 85 7 470
2020 CO-01 44 34 11 2 2 5 1 83 5 80
2020 CO-02 48 34 10 4 2 1 0 83 7 245
2020 CO-03 50 40 2 4 3 2 0 91 7 130
2020 CO-04 60 30 0 10 0 0 0 90 10 10
2019 CO 42 35 12 6 4 1 0 78 10 510
2019 CO-01 39 31 15 6 5 3 0 73 11 100
2019 CO-02 42 33 12 8 4 1 0 76 12 245
2019 CO-03 44 40 9 4 3 1 0 84 6 140
2019 CO-04 58 17 17 8 0 0 0 75 8 10

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 29 37 12 12 6 4 0 69 19 440
2024 CO-01 31 42 8 8 7 4 0 76 16 85
2024 CO-02 25 39 14 12 5 5 0 68 18 205
2024 CO-03 35 31 10 16 6 3 0 68 22 140
2022 CO 35 39 12 6 6 3 0 75 13 505
2022 CO-01 42 40 9 3 5 1 0 83 8 100
2022 CO-02 31 40 13 6 7 3 0 73 13 265
2022 CO-03 34 35 11 11 5 3 0 72 17 130
2020 CO 34 42 11 8 3 1 0 76 12 470
2020 CO-01 39 41 12 4 1 2 0 83 5 80
2020 CO-02 28 42 12 12 4 2 0 72 16 250
2020 CO-03 40 41 10 5 3 0 0 81 9 130
2020 CO-04 50 40 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 10
2019 CO 36 35 13 7 6 2 0 72 14 505
2019 CO-01 40 35 13 3 6 2 0 77 9 100
2019 CO-02 32 35 13 10 8 3 0 68 18 240
2019 CO-03 39 37 12 6 4 1 0 77 11 140
2019 CO-04 42 33 8 17 0 0 0 75 17 10

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 31 37 13 8 5 6 0 73 14 440
2024 CO-01 27 37 15 9 6 6 0 68 16 80
2024 CO-02 29 36 15 9 3 8 0 71 13 205
2024 CO-03 38 41 8 7 4 2 0 81 11 140
2022 CO 36 39 10 5 3 6 1 80 9 505
2022 CO-01 32 39 17 5 3 4 1 75 8 100
2022 CO-02 37 35 10 7 2 7 1 79 10 265
2022 CO-03 38 44 7 3 3 5 0 87 6 130
2022 CO-04 22 58 0 0 10 10 0 89 11 10
2020 CO 39 38 11 5 3 3 0 80 8 470
2020 CO-01 41 39 9 7 2 1 0 81 10 80
2020 CO-02 36 38 13 4 3 5 0 79 8 250
2020 CO-03 45 38 9 4 4 1 0 84 8 130
2020 CO-04 40 30 30 0 0 0 0 70 0 10
2019 CO 46 32 12 5 2 3 0 80 7 510
2019 CO-01 53 30 8 3 4 1 1 85 7 100
2019 CO-02 45 29 13 8 3 3 0 76 10 240
2019 CO-03 43 40 13 2 1 1 0 83 4 140
2019 CO-04 42 33 8 0 0 17 0 90 0 10

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 45 37 6 7 4 0 0 82 12 440
2024 CO-01 53 33 1 9 4 0 0 86 13 85
2024 CO-02 42 41 7 6 3 0 0 83 9 205
2024 CO-03 42 37 8 8 5 0 0 79 13 140
2022 CO 52 35 6 6 2 0 0 86 8 505
2022 CO-01 60 33 5 3 0 0 0 93 3 100
2022 CO-02 50 34 7 7 3 0 0 84 9 265
2022 CO-03 47 39 5 6 2 0 0 86 9 130
2020 CO 56 30 7 4 3 0 0 86 7 470
2020 CO-01 58 31 6 4 1 0 0 89 5 80
2020 CO-02 55 30 9 4 2 0 0 85 6 245
2020 CO-03 58 30 4 3 5 0 0 88 8 130
2020 CO-04 60 20 0 20 0 0 0 80 20 10
2019 CO 51 31 9 4 5 1 0 82 9 515
2019 CO-01 56 23 10 4 6 1 0 80 10 100
2019 CO-02 51 30 8 5 5 1 0 82 10 245
2019 CO-03 48 37 8 4 4 0 0 84 8 140
2019 CO-04 67 17 8 8 0 0 0 83 8 10

Anti-racism

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 34 22 13 8 8 9 5 66 18 440
2024 CO-01 37 29 9 7 8 7 3 73 17 85
2024 CO-02 33 18 15 8 8 11 7 62 20 205
2024 CO-03 36 24 13 7 7 10 4 69 16 140
2022 CO 42 25 11 5 4 8 4 77 11 505
2022 CO-01 42 23 11 5 5 7 7 76 11 100
2022 CO-02 39 22 13 7 5 9 5 71 15 265
2022 CO-03 48 34 9 2 2 5 2 87 4 130
2022 CO-04 32 49 0 9 0 10 0 90 10 10

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 32 23 15 8 7 9 6 64 18 440
2024 CO-01 32 33 12 5 8 9 3 72 14 85
2024 CO-02 29 18 16 10 7 11 8 59 21 205
2024 CO-03 37 23 14 7 6 7 6 68 15 140
2022 CO 40 26 11 5 5 9 4 76 11 505
2022 CO-01 39 25 11 5 5 8 7 76 11 100
2022 CO-02 38 24 11 7 6 10 5 72 15 265
2022 CO-03 46 33 8 2 2 7 2 86 4 130
2022 CO-04 32 19 29 9 0 10 0 57 10 10

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 23 26 21 6 5 18 1 60 14 440
2024 CO-01 21 18 29 7 6 18 1 48 16 85
2024 CO-02 19 28 20 6 5 21 1 61 14 205
2024 CO-03 30 28 20 4 4 13 1 68 9 140
2022 CO 28 29 17 7 3 16 1 68 11 505
2022 CO-01 31 24 16 8 3 17 1 67 13 100
2022 CO-02 26 23 21 7 3 18 1 61 13 260
2022 CO-03 31 41 12 4 3 9 0 79 8 130
2022 CO-04 9 51 19 0 0 20 0 76 0 10
2020 CO 37 34 14 6 3 6 0 76 9 470
2020 CO-01 40 33 12 9 2 4 0 76 11 80
2020 CO-02 34 33 16 6 2 9 0 73 10 245
2020 CO-03 44 35 11 4 3 3 1 82 7 130
2020 CO-04 30 50 20 0 0 0 0 80 0 10

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 32 33 10 7 8 7 3 72 17 440
2024 CO-01 32 41 7 4 8 5 1 79 14 85
2024 CO-02 28 29 12 9 9 9 4 66 21 205
2024 CO-03 39 32 10 7 5 2 5 77 12 140
2022 CO 39 30 8 7 5 7 4 77 13 505
2022 CO-01 40 31 10 6 5 5 4 78 12 100
2022 CO-02 34 30 8 8 6 10 4 74 16 260
2022 CO-03 50 27 8 5 4 2 3 82 10 130
2022 CO-04 41 29 10 9 0 10 0 78 10 10
2020 CO 38 32 10 7 4 5 3 76 12 470
2020 CO-01 35 38 10 11 2 2 1 76 14 80
2020 CO-02 35 30 11 8 4 7 4 73 14 245
2020 CO-03 46 35 8 3 5 1 2 83 8 130
2020 CO-04 50 10 10 0 10 10 10 75 13 10

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 7 13 20 4 8 44 4 39 23 435
2024 CO-01 6 12 23 3 7 44 6 35 21 85
2024 CO-02 5 11 17 5 9 48 5 36 29 200
2024 CO-03 12 16 24 4 7 35 1 45 16 140
2022 CO 8 13 21 2 5 46 4 42 14 505
2022 CO-01 6 10 21 3 7 42 11 34 20 100
2022 CO-02 7 13 22 2 3 50 3 42 12 265
2022 CO-03 12 17 19 2 6 43 1 52 15 130
2022 CO-04 0 9 51 0 9 30 0 13 14 10

Question 72. Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination: I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2020 CO 0 0 0 10 60 30 0 0 100 10

Ethical workplace

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 22 26 13 8 9 16 5 61 22 440
2024 CO-01 25 27 13 3 6 23 2 70 13 85
2024 CO-02 19 24 13 11 9 16 8 57 26 205
2024 CO-03 23 31 13 9 11 10 4 63 22 140
2022 CO 26 27 15 6 5 12 9 67 14 505
2022 CO-01 33 22 15 5 3 12 10 70 11 100
2022 CO-02 25 23 16 5 6 14 11 64 14 260
2022 CO-03 24 35 13 8 7 8 5 68 17 130
2020 CO 27 29 17 9 6 9 3 63 18 470
2020 CO-01 21 27 17 5 6 21 4 63 15 80
2020 CO-02 27 26 20 11 4 8 2 60 18 245
2020 CO-03 29 36 9 9 10 5 2 70 21 130
2020 CO-04 30 20 50 0 0 0 0 50 0 10
2019 CO 28 23 16 10 14 6 3 56 27 515
2019 CO-01 36 17 10 11 18 7 1 58 32 100
2019 CO-02 23 26 16 11 14 7 4 55 28 245
2019 CO-03 30 23 19 10 13 4 1 56 24 140
2019 CO-04 33 42 17 0 0 8 0 82 0 10

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 23 39 13 13 6 5 1 66 20 440
2024 CO-01 25 34 12 13 6 9 0 65 21 85
2024 CO-02 18 39 16 15 6 3 2 60 22 205
2024 CO-03 29 43 9 10 5 4 0 75 16 140
2022 CO 24 36 15 10 8 5 2 65 19 505
2022 CO-01 29 31 10 11 9 6 3 66 23 100
2022 CO-02 21 35 18 12 8 5 2 60 21 265
2022 CO-03 28 44 15 5 6 2 0 74 11 130
2020 CO 29 36 14 13 5 2 1 67 18 470
2020 CO-01 30 35 11 11 6 5 1 70 18 80
2020 CO-02 25 36 17 14 4 2 1 63 19 250
2020 CO-03 33 38 11 10 6 1 1 72 17 130
2020 CO-04 40 30 10 0 10 10 0 78 11 10
2019 CO 29 36 12 12 8 2 1 67 20 515
2019 CO-01 37 28 13 10 8 3 2 68 19 100
2019 CO-02 25 35 14 13 9 2 1 63 23 245
2019 CO-03 32 40 10 13 4 1 0 73 17 140
2019 CO-04 17 50 8 8 8 8 0 73 18 10

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 27 38 20 7 5 2 0 67 12 440
2024 CO-01 29 37 18 2 8 6 0 71 11 85
2024 CO-02 23 40 24 9 3 1 1 63 13 205
2024 CO-03 35 35 17 8 4 2 0 71 12 140
2022 CO 29 38 20 8 4 2 0 68 12 505
2022 CO-01 38 35 15 7 2 3 0 75 9 100
2022 CO-02 25 38 23 8 5 1 0 64 13 260
2022 CO-03 33 38 18 8 4 0 0 70 12 130
2022 CO-04 22 38 20 10 0 10 0 67 11 10
2020 CO 35 35 17 6 4 2 0 72 10 470
2020 CO-01 33 37 17 5 5 2 1 72 10 80
2020 CO-02 36 34 17 7 3 3 0 72 10 245
2020 CO-03 34 38 18 5 4 1 0 73 9 130
2020 CO-04 50 20 10 20 0 0 0 70 20 10
2019 CO 34 30 20 7 7 2 0 65 14 510
2019 CO-01 45 22 18 6 7 2 0 68 13 100
2019 CO-02 27 32 21 9 8 3 0 61 17 245
2019 CO-03 36 33 20 7 4 0 0 69 11 140
2019 CO-04 42 42 8 0 8 0 0 83 8 10

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 16 19 17 15 16 15 2 42 37 440
2024 CO-01 21 18 19 8 16 14 4 48 29 85
2024 CO-02 13 19 17 14 16 20 1 40 38 205
2024 CO-03 15 24 15 22 13 9 3 44 39 140
2022 CO 17 17 19 15 12 17 4 43 33 505
2022 CO-01 24 19 15 10 11 15 6 54 27 100
2022 CO-02 14 16 21 14 12 18 4 40 34 260
2022 CO-03 16 17 17 20 11 17 3 41 38 130
2020 CO 16 21 21 14 11 17 1 44 30 470
2020 CO-01 17 21 18 9 11 23 1 50 26 80
2020 CO-02 13 21 22 15 11 17 2 42 32 245
2020 CO-03 19 22 21 15 11 12 1 47 29 130
2020 CO-04 20 10 30 0 10 30 0 43 14 10
2019 CO 16 19 16 15 18 14 3 42 39 515
2019 CO-01 29 18 8 10 21 11 4 55 36 100
2019 CO-02 10 17 18 14 18 20 2 35 42 245
2019 CO-03 18 23 20 18 14 5 2 44 35 140
2019 CO-04 8 33 8 17 25 8 0 45 45 10

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 33 44 5 12 6 0 0 76 18 440
2024 CO-01 45 34 5 12 4 0 0 79 16 85
2024 CO-02 30 47 5 13 5 0 0 78 18 200
2024 CO-03 28 48 5 12 8 0 0 76 20 140
2022 CO 37 45 3 12 2 0 0 82 15 505
2022 CO-01 53 38 1 8 0 0 0 91 8 100
2022 CO-02 34 48 4 11 2 0 0 83 13 265
2022 CO-03 30 45 4 20 2 0 0 75 21 130
2022 CO-04 10 39 10 19 22 0 0 49 41 10
2020 CO 30 49 4 14 4 0 0 78 17 470
2020 CO-02 27 52 6 11 4 0 0 79 15 250
2020 CO-03 28 42 4 21 5 0 0 71 25 130

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 26 29 7 17 21 0 0 55 38 440
2024 CO-01 29 31 5 16 20 0 0 60 35 80
2024 CO-02 25 31 9 17 18 1 1 56 35 205
2024 CO-03 26 24 6 19 24 0 0 51 43 140
2022 CO 36 34 10 13 5 1 1 71 18 505
2022 CO-01 43 32 12 9 2 1 1 77 11 100
2022 CO-02 34 35 12 12 5 1 1 70 18 260
2022 CO-03 35 37 5 17 5 1 0 72 23 130
2022 CO-04 19 10 20 9 41 0 0 29 51 10
2020 CO 29 39 9 17 5 0 1 69 22 470
2020 CO-01 33 37 5 21 4 0 1 70 25 80
2020 CO-02 32 37 10 15 4 0 2 70 19 250
2020 CO-03 22 45 9 19 6 0 0 67 25 130
2020 CO-04 20 40 0 30 10 0 0 60 40 10
2019 CO 42 34 5 12 7 0 0 76 18 515
2019 CO-01 47 29 5 16 4 0 0 75 20 100
2019 CO-02 40 38 6 10 6 0 0 78 16 245
2019 CO-03 44 33 5 9 9 0 0 77 18 140
2019 CO-04 42 25 0 25 8 0 0 67 33 10

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 35 32 12 11 10 0 0 67 21 440
2024 CO-01 36 29 11 13 10 1 0 66 23 85
2024 CO-02 35 33 12 11 8 1 1 68 20 205
2024 CO-03 35 34 10 11 11 0 0 68 22 140
2022 CO 45 33 9 8 4 0 1 79 12 505
2022 CO-01 46 35 8 5 4 0 3 84 9 100
2022 CO-02 45 32 10 10 4 0 0 77 13 260
2022 CO-03 47 32 7 7 6 1 0 80 14 130
2020 CO 39 34 13 9 3 0 1 74 13 465
2020 CO-01 51 28 14 5 2 0 0 79 7 80
2020 CO-02 36 37 14 9 2 0 1 74 12 245
2020 CO-03 36 36 9 13 5 0 1 73 17 125
2020 CO-04 70 0 10 10 10 0 0 70 20 10
2019 CO 48 34 6 7 2 0 1 84 10 510
2019 CO-01 51 35 1 10 3 0 0 86 13 100
2019 CO-02 44 37 8 7 2 1 0 82 10 245
2019 CO-03 53 31 7 6 3 0 0 84 9 140
2019 CO-04 50 33 8 8 0 0 0 83 8 10

Use of official languages

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 62 19 4 9 5 0 1 82 14 440
2024 CO-01 72 14 5 5 4 0 0 86 9 85
2024 CO-02 58 18 5 12 5 0 1 77 17 205
2024 CO-03 59 25 2 7 6 0 2 85 13 140

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 58 19 6 12 5 0 1 77 17 440
2024 CO-01 62 17 6 10 5 0 0 79 15 85
2024 CO-02 54 19 5 15 5 0 1 74 21 205
2024 CO-03 61 19 5 8 6 0 1 81 14 140

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 80 11 3 3 2 0 1 92 5 440
2024 CO-01 83 11 1 3 2 0 0 94 5 85
2024 CO-02 79 11 4 3 2 0 1 91 5 205
2024 CO-03 80 10 2 3 2 0 2 93 5 140
2022 CO 80 11 3 2 1 0 3 94 3 505
2022 CO-01 81 13 3 1 0 0 1 96 1 100
2022 CO-02 80 8 3 3 2 1 3 92 5 265
2022 CO-03 79 14 1 2 0 0 4 97 2 130
2022 CO-04 80 10 0 9 0 0 0 91 9 10
2019 CO 80 10 4 1 3 1 2 92 4 515
2019 CO-01 82 5 8 1 2 0 2 89 3 100
2019 CO-02 80 7 4 2 3 1 2 90 6 245
2019 CO-03 77 16 2 1 2 0 1 95 3 140
2019 CO-04 83 17 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 41 30 16 6 3 4 1 74 9 440
2024 CO-01 49 27 10 4 2 6 2 82 7 85
2024 CO-02 36 34 19 5 2 3 0 72 8 205
2024 CO-03 44 27 15 10 2 2 0 72 13 140
2022 CO 41 29 15 7 2 5 1 74 10 505
2022 CO-01 51 26 8 3 3 9 1 85 6 100
2022 CO-02 37 30 17 9 2 5 1 71 11 265
2022 CO-03 42 31 13 9 2 3 0 75 11 130
2022 CO-04 30 19 51 0 0 0 0 49 0 10
2020 CO 46 25 14 5 4 7 1 76 9 475
2020 CO-01 52 20 7 2 5 12 1 83 8 80
2020 CO-02 44 23 17 6 3 7 1 72 9 250
2020 CO-03 48 28 11 6 4 3 1 78 10 130
2020 CO-04 30 60 0 0 10 0 0 90 10 10
2019 CO 41 24 17 6 4 7 1 70 11 515
2019 CO-01 47 13 18 2 5 13 3 71 8 100
2019 CO-02 40 26 16 7 5 6 1 70 12 245
2019 CO-03 39 29 18 7 2 5 0 72 10 140
2019 CO-04 33 17 33 8 8 0 0 50 17 10

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 13 87 440
2024 CO-01 9 91 85
2024 CO-02 13 87 205
2024 CO-03 15 85 140
2022 CO 11 89 505
2022 CO-01 13 87 100
2022 CO-02 12 88 265
2022 CO-03 7 93 130
2022 CO-04 0 100 10
2020 CO 10 90 470
2020 CO-01 10 90 80
2020 CO-02 10 90 250
2020 CO-03 11 89 130
2020 CO-04 0 100 10
2019 CO 19 81 510
2019 CO-02 17 83 240
2019 CO-03 16 84 140

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 38 62 60
2024 CO-02 52 48 25
2024 CO-03 29 71 20
2022 CO 37 63 55
2022 CO-01 50 50 15
2022 CO-02 38 62 30
2020 CO 45 55 45
2020 CO-02 52 48 25
2019 CO 48 52 95
2019 CO-02 48 53 40

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 67 33 60
2024 CO-02 60 40 25
2024 CO-03 68 32 20
2022 CO 64 36 55
2022 CO-01 41 59 15
2022 CO-02 73 27 30
2020 CO 64 36 45
2020 CO-02 60 40 25
2019 CO 68 32 95
2019 CO-02 73 28 40

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 15 85 60
2024 CO-03 33 67 20
2022 CO 4 96 55
2022 CO-01 0 100 15
2022 CO-02 0 100 30
2019 CO 8 92 95
2019 CO-02 0 100 40

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 0 100 60
2024 CO-02 0 100 25
2024 CO-03 0 100 20
2022 CO 0 100 55
2022 CO-01 0 100 15
2022 CO-02 0 100 30
2020 CO 0 100 45
2020 CO-02 0 100 25
2019 CO 0 100 95
2019 CO-02 0 100 40

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-02 0 100 25
2024 CO-03 0 100 20
2022 CO 6 94 55
2022 CO-01 8 92 15
2022 CO-02 5 95 30
2020 CO 0 100 45
2020 CO-02 0 100 25

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-02 0 100 25
2022 CO 3 97 55
2022 CO-01 14 86 15
2022 CO-02 0 100 30
2019 CO 5 95 95
2019 CO-03 0 100 20

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-03 0 100 20
2022 CO 2 98 55
2022 CO-01 0 100 15
2022 CO-02 0 100 30

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 46 54 60
2024 CO-02 34 66 25
2024 CO-03 62 38 20
2022 CO 21 79 55
2022 CO-01 15 85 15
2022 CO-02 19 81 30
2020 CO 45 55 45
2020 CO-02 36 64 25
2019 CO 38 62 90
2019 CO-02 53 48 40
2019 CO-03 32 68 20

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 39 61 60
2024 CO-02 34 66 25
2024 CO-03 44 56 20
2022 CO 29 71 55
2022 CO-01 36 64 15
2022 CO-02 27 73 30
2020 CO 34 66 45
2020 CO-02 32 68 25
2019 CO 39 61 90
2019 CO-02 40 60 40

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 50 50 60
2024 CO-02 51 49 25
2024 CO-03 38 62 20
2022 CO 43 57 55
2022 CO-01 37 63 15
2022 CO-02 41 59 30
2020 CO 53 47 45
2020 CO-02 44 56 25
2019 CO 54 46 90
2019 CO-02 55 45 40

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 41 59 60
2024 CO-02 50 50 25
2024 CO-03 44 56 20
2022 CO 45 55 55
2022 CO-01 57 43 15
2022 CO-02 43 57 30
2020 CO 36 64 45
2020 CO-02 36 64 25
2019 CO 42 58 90
2019 CO-02 53 48 40

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 34 66 60
2024 CO-02 29 71 25
2024 CO-03 46 54 20
2022 CO 32 68 55
2022 CO-01 43 57 15
2022 CO-02 28 72 30
2020 CO 28 72 45
2020 CO-02 24 76 25
2019 CO 30 70 90
2019 CO-02 30 70 40
2019 CO-03 45 55 20

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 56 44 60
2024 CO-02 51 49 25
2024 CO-03 62 38 20
2022 CO 52 48 55
2022 CO-01 56 44 15
2022 CO-02 49 51 30
2020 CO 53 47 45
2020 CO-02 64 36 25
2019 CO 58 42 90
2019 CO-02 60 40 40

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 27 73 60
2024 CO-02 25 75 25
2024 CO-03 29 71 20
2022 CO 30 70 55
2022 CO-01 22 78 15
2022 CO-02 29 71 30
2020 CO 28 72 45
2020 CO-02 32 68 25
2019 CO 37 63 90
2019 CO-02 38 63 40

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-02 0 100 25
2024 CO-03 0 100 20
2022 CO 2 98 55
2022 CO-01 0 100 15
2022 CO-02 3 97 30
2020 CO 0 100 45
2020 CO-02 0 100 25

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 CO 8 92 55
2022 CO-01 7 93 15
2022 CO-02 7 93 30

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 8 92 60
2022 CO 13 87 55
2022 CO-01 15 85 15
2022 CO-02 6 94 30
2019 CO 8 92 90

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 52 48 60
2024 CO-02 57 43 25
2024 CO-03 38 62 20
2022 CO 47 53 55
2022 CO-01 35 65 15
2022 CO-02 50 50 30
2020 CO 49 51 45
2020 CO-02 60 40 25
2019 CO 57 43 90
2019 CO-02 60 40 40

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 20 80 60
2022 CO 15 85 55
2022 CO-01 22 78 15
2022 CO-02 13 87 30
2020 CO 26 74 45
2020 CO-02 20 80 25
2019 CO 21 79 90
2019 CO-02 23 78 40

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 20 80 60
2024 CO-02 19 81 25
2022 CO 9 91 55
2022 CO-01 14 86 15
2022 CO-02 6 94 30
2019 CO 16 84 90
2019 CO-02 18 83 40

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 46 54 60
2024 CO-02 47 53 25
2024 CO-03 55 45 20
2022 CO 40 60 55
2022 CO-01 50 50 15
2022 CO-02 41 59 30
2020 CO 43 57 45
2020 CO-02 48 52 25
2019 CO 52 48 90
2019 CO-02 50 50 40

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 14 86 60
2024 CO-02 19 81 25
2022 CO 21 79 55
2022 CO-01 23 77 15
2022 CO-02 24 76 30
2020 CO 26 74 45
2020 CO-02 20 80 25
2019 CO 38 63 90
2019 CO-02 42 58 40
2019 CO-03 41 59 20

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 9 91 60
2024 CO-02 0 100 25
2024 CO-03 27 73 20
2022 CO 9 91 55
2022 CO-01 22 78 15
2022 CO-02 3 97 30
2019 CO 9 91 90
2019 CO-03 23 77 20

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 14 86 60
2022 CO 14 86 55
2022 CO-01 28 72 15
2022 CO-02 9 91 30
2020 CO 13 87 45
2019 CO 15 85 90
2019 CO-02 16 84 40

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 10 90 60
2024 CO-03 27 73 20
2022 CO 9 91 55
2022 CO-01 14 86 15
2022 CO-02 3 97 30
2020 CO 11 89 45
2019 CO 14 86 90
2019 CO-02 13 87 40

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-02 0 100 25
2022 CO 7 93 55
2022 CO-01 21 79 15
2022 CO-02 3 97 30
2019 CO 9 91 90

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-03 0 100 20
2022 CO 2 98 55
2022 CO-01 7 93 15
2022 CO-02 0 100 30
2019 CO 8 92 90

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 19 81 60
2024 CO-03 32 68 20
2022 CO 11 89 55
2022 CO-01 7 93 15
2022 CO-02 9 91 30
2019 CO 10 90 90
2019 CO-02 13 87 40

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 36 64 60
2024 CO-02 41 59 25
2024 CO-03 29 71 20
2022 CO 35 65 55
2022 CO-01 21 79 15
2022 CO-02 38 62 30
2020 CO 43 57 45
2020 CO-02 36 64 25
2019 CO 30 70 90
2019 CO-02 29 71 40

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 CO 16 84 50
2022 CO-01 20 80 10
2022 CO-02 18 82 30

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 17 83 55
2024 CO-02 26 74 25
2022 CO 14 86 50
2022 CO-01 9 91 10
2022 CO-02 17 83 30
2019 CO 16 84 80

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-02 0 100 25
2022 CO 9 91 50
2022 CO-01 18 82 10
2022 CO-02 8 92 30
2019 CO 6 94 80

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-02 0 100 25
2022 CO 9 91 50
2022 CO-01 0 100 10
2022 CO-02 15 85 30

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 CO 6 94 50
2022 CO-01 0 100 10
2022 CO-02 11 89 30
2019 CO 8 93 80

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-03 0 100 20
2022 CO 9 91 50
2022 CO-01 8 92 10
2022 CO-02 6 94 30

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 CO 6 94 50
2022 CO-01 19 81 10
2022 CO-02 3 97 30
2019 CO 9 91 80

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 16 84 55
2024 CO-02 19 81 25
2022 CO 11 89 50
2022 CO-01 18 82 10
2022 CO-02 10 90 30
2019 CO 10 90 80

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 10 90 55
2022 CO 12 88 50
2022 CO-01 19 81 10
2022 CO-02 9 91 30
2019 CO 10 90 80

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 35 65 55
2024 CO-02 34 66 25
2024 CO-03 48 52 20
2022 CO 23 77 50
2022 CO-01 10 90 10
2022 CO-02 19 81 30
2019 CO 39 61 80

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 16 84 55
2024 CO-03 27 73 20
2022 CO 13 87 50
2022 CO-01 18 82 10
2022 CO-02 8 92 30
2019 CO 10 90 80

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 46 54 55
2024 CO-02 38 62 25
2024 CO-03 59 41 20
2022 CO 47 53 50
2022 CO-01 37 63 10
2022 CO-02 45 55 30
2019 CO 55 45 80

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 0 100 55
2024 CO-02 0 100 25
2024 CO-03 0 100 20
2022 CO 0 100 50
2022 CO-01 0 100 10
2022 CO-02 0 100 30

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 60 40 55
2024 CO-02 60 40 25
2024 CO-03 52 48 20
2022 CO 54 46 50
2022 CO-01 55 45 10
2022 CO-02 56 44 30
2019 CO 56 44 80

Question 62o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-03 0 100 20

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 12 88 55
2022 CO 16 84 50
2022 CO-01 17 83 10
2022 CO-02 17 83 30
2019 CO 14 86 80

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 10 9 12 6 8 46 10 42 31 440
2024 CO-01 14 9 8 2 8 47 12 56 24 85
2024 CO-02 7 6 14 7 5 51 10 34 31 205
2024 CO-03 12 14 12 8 9 37 8 47 31 140
2022 CO 11 9 10 6 6 45 13 48 28 500
2022 CO-01 13 14 8 2 5 42 17 65 16 100
2022 CO-02 7 6 12 8 5 49 13 35 34 260
2022 CO-03 17 12 9 8 7 38 10 56 28 130
2020 CO 13 13 16 6 5 40 8 48 21 470
2020 CO-01 11 16 10 4 5 38 16 59 19 80
2020 CO-02 11 9 20 6 3 43 7 41 20 245
2020 CO-03 16 17 14 7 9 33 5 53 25 130
2020 CO-04 20 10 20 0 0 40 10 60 0 10
2019 CO 14 10 17 11 11 28 9 38 35 510
2019 CO-01 17 8 15 11 13 27 10 39 38 100
2019 CO-02 11 7 16 10 12 33 12 32 39 245
2019 CO-03 17 15 18 11 10 24 5 45 30 140
2019 CO-04 8 25 42 8 0 17 0 40 10 10

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 23 26 17 6 6 20 2 62 16 440
2024 CO-01 23 23 19 0 5 28 2 66 7 85
2024 CO-02 17 29 18 7 6 22 1 59 17 205
2024 CO-03 32 25 15 11 6 10 1 64 19 140
2022 CO 27 29 16 6 4 16 2 68 12 505
2022 CO-01 28 31 15 3 2 20 2 75 6 100
2022 CO-02 24 25 19 8 5 19 2 61 16 265
2022 CO-03 35 34 13 4 5 8 1 76 10 130
2020 CO 30 30 19 5 5 9 1 67 11 470
2020 CO-01 28 33 15 1 5 15 2 75 7 80
2020 CO-02 30 25 22 7 4 10 1 62 12 245
2020 CO-03 32 35 15 3 8 5 1 72 11 130
2020 CO-04 30 50 10 0 0 10 0 89 0 10
2019 CO 29 29 15 10 7 9 1 64 20 510
2019 CO-01 25 29 13 11 9 12 2 62 23 100
2019 CO-02 27 26 13 12 10 12 0 60 25 245
2019 CO-03 35 36 16 7 4 2 0 72 11 140
2019 CO-04 33 17 25 8 0 17 0 60 10 10

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 10 90 440
2024 CO-01 10 90 85
2024 CO-02 9 91 205
2024 CO-03 10 90 140
2022 CO 7 93 505
2022 CO-01 6 94 100
2022 CO-02 8 92 265
2022 CO-03 5 95 130
2020 CO 9 91 470
2020 CO-02 9 91 250
2020 CO-03 9 91 130
2019 CO 8 92 510
2019 CO-02 9 91 245
2019 CO-03 5 95 140

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 28 72 45
2024 CO-02 31 69 20
2024 CO-03 38 62 15
2022 CO 29 71 35
2022 CO-02 24 76 20
2020 CO 30 70 45
2020 CO-02 26 74 25
2019 CO 38 63 40
2019 CO-02 43 57 25

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 85 15 45
2024 CO-02 79 21 20
2024 CO-03 76 24 15
2022 CO 76 24 35
2022 CO-02 86 14 20
2020 CO 77 23 45
2020 CO-02 78 22 25
2019 CO 80 20 40

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-02 0 100 20
2022 CO 0 100 35
2022 CO-02 0 100 20
2019 CO 0 100 40
2019 CO-02 0 100 25

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 0 100 45
2024 CO-02 0 100 20
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 0 100 35
2022 CO-02 0 100 20
2020 CO 0 100 45
2020 CO-02 0 100 25
2020 CO-03 0 100 10
2019 CO 0 100 40
2019 CO-02 0 100 25

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 0 100 35
2022 CO-02 0 100 20

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 CO 6 94 35
2022 CO-02 5 95 20

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 9 91 35
2022 CO-02 5 95 20

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 21 79 45
2022 CO 17 83 35
2022 CO-02 22 78 20
2020 CO 23 77 45
2020 CO-02 22 78 25
2019 CO 21 79 40

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 35 65 45
2024 CO-02 39 61 20
2022 CO 22 78 35
2022 CO-02 27 73 20
2020 CO 16 84 45
2019 CO 18 82 40
2019 CO-02 23 77 20

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 14 86 45
2022 CO 12 88 35
2022 CO-02 15 85 20

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 14 86 45
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 8 92 35
2022 CO-02 7 93 20
2020 CO 0 100 45
2020 CO-02 0 100 25
2020 CO-03 0 100 10

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 32 68 45
2024 CO-02 35 65 20
2024 CO-03 38 62 15
2022 CO 40 60 35
2022 CO-02 36 64 20
2020 CO 42 58 45
2020 CO-02 57 43 25
2019 CO 34 66 40
2019 CO-02 41 59 20

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 21 79 45
2022 CO 21 79 35
2022 CO-02 10 90 20
2020 CO 33 67 45
2020 CO-02 30 70 25
2020 CO-03 42 58 10
2019 CO 24 76 40
2019 CO-02 23 77 20

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 10 90 35
2022 CO-02 5 95 20
2020 CO 0 100 45
2020 CO-02 0 100 25
2020 CO-03 0 100 10

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 3 97 35
2022 CO-02 5 95 20

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 12 88 35
2022 CO-02 0 100 20
2020 CO 12 88 45

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 21 79 45
2024 CO-02 28 72 20
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 19 81 35
2022 CO-02 16 84 20
2020 CO 23 77 45
2020 CO-02 22 78 25
2019 CO 26 74 40
2019 CO-02 27 73 20

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-02 0 100 20
2022 CO 0 100 35
2022 CO-02 0 100 20
2020 CO 0 100 45
2020 CO-02 0 100 25
2020 CO-03 0 100 10
2019 CO 0 100 40
2019 CO-02 0 100 20

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 29 71 45
2024 CO-02 32 68 20
2022 CO 15 85 35
2022 CO-02 10 90 20
2019 CO 18 82 40

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 0 100 45
2024 CO-02 0 100 20
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 0 100 35
2022 CO-02 0 100 20
2020 CO 0 100 45
2020 CO-02 0 100 25
2020 CO-03 0 100 10
2019 CO 0 100 40
2019 CO-02 0 100 20

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 18 82 45
2022 CO 26 74 35
2022 CO-02 32 68 20
2020 CO 19 81 45
2020 CO-02 22 78 25
2019 CO 42 58 40
2019 CO-02 36 64 20

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-02 0 100 20
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 11 89 35
2022 CO-02 9 91 20
2019 CO 26 74 40
2019 CO-02 27 73 20

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-02 0 100 20
2022 CO 6 94 35
2022 CO-02 4 96 20
2020 CO 0 100 45
2020 CO-02 0 100 25
2020 CO-03 0 100 10
2019 CO 18 82 40

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 11 89 45
2022 CO 3 97 35
2022 CO-02 4 96 20
2019 CO 21 79 40

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-02 0 100 20
2022 CO 3 97 35
2022 CO-02 0 100 20
2020 CO 0 100 45
2020 CO-02 0 100 25
2020 CO-03 0 100 10

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 CO 3 97 35
2022 CO-02 0 100 20
2019 CO 13 87 40

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 0 100 45
2024 CO-02 0 100 20
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 6 94 35
2022 CO-02 10 90 20

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 10 90 35
2022 CO-02 7 93 20

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 68 32 45
2024 CO-02 74 26 20
2024 CO-03 65 35 15
2022 CO 52 48 35
2022 CO-02 52 48 20
2020 CO 58 42 45
2020 CO-02 57 43 25
2020 CO-03 42 58 10
2019 CO 37 63 40
2019 CO-02 36 64 20

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-02 0 100 20
2022 CO 11 89 35
2022 CO-02 12 88 20

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 16 84 45
2022 CO 13 87 35
2022 CO-02 12 88 20

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 0 100 45
2024 CO-02 0 100 20
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 0 100 35
2022 CO-02 0 100 20

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-02 0 100 20
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 3 97 35
2022 CO-02 5 95 20

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 0 100 45
2024 CO-02 0 100 20
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 3 97 35
2022 CO-02 4 96 20
2019 CO 0 100 30

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 9 91 35
2022 CO-02 5 95 20

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-02 0 100 20
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 9 91 35
2022 CO-02 10 90 20
2019 CO 0 100 30

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 CO 10 90 35
2022 CO-02 12 88 20

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 11 89 45
2022 CO 3 97 35
2022 CO-02 5 95 20
2019 CO 16 84 30

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 27 73 45
2024 CO-02 36 64 20
2022 CO 12 88 35
2022 CO-02 10 90 20
2019 CO 39 61 30

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 14 86 45
2022 CO 3 97 35
2022 CO-02 0 100 20

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 40 60 45
2024 CO-02 53 47 20
2022 CO 35 65 35
2022 CO-02 39 61 20
2019 CO 52 48 30

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 0 100 45
2024 CO-02 0 100 20
2024 CO-03 0 100 15
2022 CO 0 100 35
2022 CO-02 0 100 20

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 72 28 45
2024 CO-02 79 21 20
2024 CO-03 46 54 15
2022 CO 59 41 35
2022 CO-02 54 46 20
2019 CO 52 48 30

Question 69o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO-02 0 100 20
2024 CO-03 0 100 15

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 11 89 45
2022 CO 17 83 35
2022 CO-02 12 88 20
2019 CO 16 84 30

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 8 9 15 3 6 51 8 41 22 440
2024 CO-01 9 11 18 0 7 48 7 45 15 85
2024 CO-02 5 7 16 3 5 55 8 33 22 205
2024 CO-03 14 10 13 5 6 45 7 51 23 140
2022 CO 11 10 14 4 4 48 10 49 19 505
2022 CO-01 10 13 14 3 1 41 19 57 9 100
2022 CO-02 9 6 15 5 5 52 8 36 27 265
2022 CO-03 15 17 12 3 3 44 6 64 13 130
2020 CO 13 13 17 3 4 45 5 52 13 470
2020 CO-02 12 11 20 4 2 47 4 47 13 250
2020 CO-03 18 16 14 1 7 40 5 61 14 130
2019 CO 14 12 20 4 5 35 9 47 17 510
2019 CO-01 24 5 20 3 8 31 10 48 18 100
2019 CO-02 10 12 19 5 6 40 9 42 22 240
2019 CO-03 16 19 22 3 3 31 7 55 9 140
2019 CO-04 17 8 33 0 8 33 0 38 13 10

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 22 30 17 6 6 18 1 65 14 440
2024 CO-01 19 29 16 3 7 26 1 65 13 85
2024 CO-02 19 28 20 6 5 20 1 60 14 205
2024 CO-03 30 35 13 8 5 10 0 72 14 140
2022 CO 28 29 15 4 4 19 1 71 10 505
2022 CO-01 25 31 15 2 1 20 7 76 4 100
2022 CO-02 26 27 16 5 5 21 0 67 12 265
2022 CO-03 34 32 12 5 3 13 0 77 10 130
2020 CO 33 31 18 3 3 10 1 72 7 470
2020 CO-01 37 30 14 1 4 12 2 78 6 80
2020 CO-02 30 30 20 6 2 11 1 69 9 250
2020 CO-03 36 36 15 1 5 6 1 78 7 130
2020 CO-04 40 20 30 0 0 10 0 67 0 10
2019 CO 33 29 14 5 5 13 1 72 11 515
2019 CO-01 32 28 15 4 7 12 3 70 13 100
2019 CO-02 31 28 14 7 5 14 0 69 15 245
2019 CO-03 38 33 17 1 2 7 1 78 4 140
2019 CO-04 25 25 8 0 8 33 0 75 13 10

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 17 83 440
2024 CO-01 19 81 80
2024 CO-02 18 82 205
2024 CO-03 14 86 140
2022 CO 13 87 505
2022 CO-01 16 84 100
2022 CO-02 13 87 265
2022 CO-03 9 91 130
2022 CO-04 10 90 10
2020 CO 9 91 470
2020 CO-01 7 93 80
2020 CO-02 9 91 245
2020 CO-03 12 88 130
2020 CO-04 0 100 10
2019 CO 15 85 515
2019 CO-01 19 81 100
2019 CO-02 17 83 245
2019 CO-03 8 92 140
2019 CO-04 8 92 10

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 60 40 75
2024 CO-01 59 41 15
2024 CO-02 59 41 35
2024 CO-03 61 39 20
2022 CO 57 43 65
2022 CO-01 55 45 20
2022 CO-02 41 59 35
2022 CO-03 100 0 10
2020 CO 40 60 40
2020 CO-02 52 48 20

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 69 31 75
2024 CO-01 81 19 15
2024 CO-02 69 31 35
2024 CO-03 65 35 20
2022 CO 52 48 65
2022 CO-01 54 46 20
2022 CO-02 52 48 35
2022 CO-03 50 50 10
2020 CO 83 17 40
2020 CO-02 86 14 20
2019 CO 73 27 75
2019 CO-01 63 37 20
2019 CO-02 78 22 40

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 43 34 6 10 7 0 0 77 17 55
2024 CO-01 38 32 8 21 0 0 0 71 21 15
2024 CO-02 57 24 7 5 7 0 0 81 12 25
2024 CO-03 23 62 0 7 7 0 0 85 15 15
2022 CO 51 25 9 7 6 3 0 78 13 35
2022 CO-01 18 20 31 10 21 0 0 38 31 10
2022 CO-02 57 30 0 7 0 6 0 93 7 20
2020 CO 49 34 3 6 6 0 3 85 12 35
2020 CO-02 56 33 0 0 6 0 6 94 6 20
2019 CO 47 36 2 5 7 0 2 85 13 55
2019 CO-01 42 33 0 8 17 0 0 75 25 10
2019 CO-02 56 38 3 3 0 0 0 94 3 30

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 39 33 9 10 6 3 1 75 17 440
2024 CO-01 41 35 7 9 6 3 0 78 15 85
2024 CO-02 37 32 9 11 5 3 2 74 17 205
2024 CO-03 39 36 9 9 6 1 1 76 15 140
2022 CO 45 33 7 6 4 3 2 82 10 505
2022 CO-01 45 28 9 10 3 3 3 77 13 100
2022 CO-02 44 34 7 4 5 3 2 83 9 265
2022 CO-03 45 35 5 8 2 2 2 84 11 130
2022 CO-04 61 39 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 CO 46 33 8 4 3 3 2 84 7 470
2020 CO-01 49 29 11 4 2 2 2 82 6 80
2020 CO-02 42 37 7 4 2 4 3 86 7 245
2020 CO-03 52 28 8 5 5 2 2 83 10 130
2020 CO-04 40 40 0 0 10 10 0 89 11 10
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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 51 26 8 7 7 1 0 78 14 440
2024 CO-01 50 30 8 6 6 0 0 80 12 85
2024 CO-02 50 26 9 6 6 2 0 78 13 205
2024 CO-03 55 22 7 9 6 0 0 77 16 140
2022 CO 48 34 6 6 4 1 0 84 10 505
2022 CO-01 40 40 9 8 3 1 0 81 11 100
2022 CO-02 50 33 5 5 4 2 0 85 10 265
2022 CO-03 54 30 5 6 5 0 0 84 11 130
2022 CO-04 31 59 0 0 10 0 0 90 10 10
2020 CO 49 28 8 9 5 1 0 78 14 470
2020 CO-01 41 36 6 12 4 1 0 78 16 80
2020 CO-02 51 28 9 7 5 1 0 79 12 245
2020 CO-03 52 23 9 10 6 0 0 75 16 130
2020 CO-04 40 40 10 0 10 0 0 80 10 10

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 5 7 11 6 42 8 20 68 16 440
2024 CO-01 6 9 7 11 36 14 17 68 22 85
2024 CO-02 5 5 11 4 44 8 23 69 15 205
2024 CO-03 3 8 16 5 48 4 17 67 13 140
2022 CO 2 5 9 7 41 8 27 74 12 505
2022 CO-01 2 6 10 10 34 10 30 72 12 100
2022 CO-02 2 7 9 6 37 8 30 70 15 260
2022 CO-03 3 2 9 7 52 5 22 81 7 130
2022 CO-04 0 9 0 9 61 20 0 88 12 10

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 24 36 20 11 6 3 0 62 17 440
2024 CO-01 20 43 14 12 7 4 0 66 20 85
2024 CO-02 21 35 25 12 4 3 0 58 16 205
2024 CO-03 35 31 15 11 6 1 0 68 17 140
2022 CO 34 41 11 8 4 2 0 77 11 505
2022 CO-01 33 36 16 9 3 2 0 71 13 100
2022 CO-02 31 44 11 7 4 2 0 77 12 265
2022 CO-03 42 40 6 7 2 2 0 84 10 130
2022 CO-04 19 61 20 0 0 0 0 80 0 10
2020 CO 49 40 7 2 1 0 0 90 3 475
2020 CO-01 46 45 5 1 0 2 0 94 1 80
2020 CO-02 48 40 8 2 1 0 0 88 3 250
2020 CO-03 53 37 6 3 1 0 0 90 4 130
2020 CO-04 60 40 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2019 CO 43 35 12 6 3 1 0 79 9 510
2019 CO-01 50 33 10 4 4 0 0 82 8 100
2019 CO-02 37 37 13 7 2 3 0 76 10 240
2019 CO-03 50 32 11 4 2 0 0 82 6 140
2019 CO-04 50 33 8 8 0 0 0 83 8 10

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)		 Very good
(%)		 Good
(%)		 Fair
(%)		 Poor
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 9 26 35 22 7 440
2024 CO-01 15 21 30 21 13 85
2024 CO-02 6 28 36 25 5 205
2024 CO-03 8 28 41 18 5 135
2022 CO 9 29 37 19 5 505
2022 CO-01 6 26 32 29 6 100
2022 CO-02 8 29 40 18 4 265
2022 CO-03 14 36 36 11 4 130
2022 CO-04 0 9 51 19 20 10

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 50 25 12 5 4 4 0 79 9 440
2024 CO-01 56 19 14 0 4 7 0 81 4 85
2024 CO-02 48 28 11 6 2 5 0 80 9 205
2024 CO-03 50 26 11 7 7 1 0 76 14 140
2022 CO 51 27 10 4 3 3 1 82 7 505
2022 CO-01 48 30 14 4 1 2 2 80 5 100
2022 CO-02 51 27 11 3 5 3 0 81 8 260
2022 CO-03 58 25 6 5 2 4 1 87 7 130
2020 CO 46 33 11 4 3 2 1 82 7 470
2020 CO-01 45 38 6 5 1 4 1 87 6 80
2020 CO-02 47 32 12 3 2 2 2 82 6 245
2020 CO-03 45 34 12 4 5 1 1 80 9 130
2020 CO-04 40 40 0 0 10 0 10 89 11 10

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 42 24 10 12 10 1 0 67 23 440
2024 CO-01 43 23 7 15 12 1 0 66 27 85
2024 CO-02 39 26 11 12 8 2 0 67 21 205
2024 CO-03 47 21 10 12 10 0 0 69 22 140
2022 CO 42 27 9 12 8 2 0 70 21 505
2022 CO-01 36 32 7 13 8 3 0 70 22 100
2022 CO-02 43 26 8 12 8 2 0 71 21 265
2022 CO-03 45 25 12 11 7 0 0 70 18 130
2022 CO-04 31 20 10 19 20 0 0 51 39 10
2020 CO 35 31 9 15 8 2 1 67 23 470
2020 CO-01 37 33 9 11 9 1 0 71 20 80
2020 CO-02 35 30 9 16 9 1 1 66 25 245
2020 CO-03 34 31 10 15 7 2 1 67 23 130
2020 CO-04 40 40 0 0 10 10 0 89 11 10

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 22 39 13 15 9 2 0 62 25 440
2024 CO-01 24 36 14 15 9 2 0 61 24 85
2024 CO-02 19 42 16 14 7 1 0 61 22 205
2024 CO-03 25 41 4 15 12 1 0 68 28 140
2022 CO 26 41 13 11 7 2 0 68 19 505
2022 CO-01 29 43 16 5 5 2 0 74 10 100
2022 CO-02 22 42 13 12 8 3 0 66 20 265
2022 CO-03 32 36 11 13 8 1 0 68 21 130
2020 CO 32 35 17 9 5 1 1 69 14 470
2020 CO-01 32 41 15 5 2 4 1 77 8 80
2020 CO-02 31 36 17 10 4 1 1 69 14 245
2020 CO-03 35 30 18 9 8 0 0 65 17 130
2020 CO-04 40 20 30 10 0 0 0 60 10 10
2019 CO 26 32 15 15 11 0 0 59 26 510
2019 CO-01 38 28 9 13 11 1 1 67 24 100
2019 CO-02 22 34 17 13 14 0 0 56 27 245
2019 CO-03 26 31 19 19 6 0 0 57 24 140
2019 CO-04 25 50 0 17 8 0 0 75 25 10

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 13 44 15 16 11 1 0 58 27 140
2024 CO-02 13 34 27 16 0 10 0 53 18 15
2024 CO-03 14 47 14 16 9 0 0 61 26 115
2022 CO 15 56 7 12 7 2 0 73 20 130
2022 CO-02 18 43 6 19 14 0 0 61 33 15
2022 CO-03 15 58 8 13 5 2 0 75 18 105
2020 CO 19 54 10 14 2 0 1 74 16 110
2020 CO-03 19 55 9 13 2 0 1 75 15 100
2019 CO 28 47 9 7 5 2 2 78 13 125
2019 CO-02 30 50 0 0 0 10 10 100 0 10
2019 CO-03 29 44 8 9 6 1 2 76 16 95

Work-related stress

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 26 25 19 9 17 0 3 27 73 440
2024 CO-01 16 20 27 6 29 0 2 16 84 85
2024 CO-02 29 27 18 9 13 0 4 30 70 205
2024 CO-03 32 25 13 14 14 0 2 33 67 140
2022 CO 35 25 16 9 12 0 3 500
2022 CO-01 24 23 25 10 13 0 5 100
2022 CO-02 34 28 14 8 13 0 2 260
2022 CO-03 44 24 12 9 7 0 4 130
2020 CO 44 29 15 7 5 0 1 470
2020 CO-01 39 24 21 6 10 0 0 80
2020 CO-02 47 29 14 7 3 0 1 250
2020 CO-03 41 31 16 6 5 1 0 130
2020 CO-04 50 30 0 20 0 0 0 10
2019 CO 29 30 17 11 12 1 1 515
2019 CO-01 26 25 19 14 17 0 0 100
2019 CO-02 30 26 16 12 15 1 1 245
2019 CO-03 30 39 16 8 5 1 1 140
2019 CO-04 33 33 25 0 0 8 0 10

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 16 28 31 13 11 1 1 17 83 435
2024 CO-01 26 25 31 7 8 1 1 27 73 85
2024 CO-02 15 31 30 13 10 0 1 15 85 200
2024 CO-03 11 27 32 17 13 0 0 11 89 135
2022 CO 16 28 29 14 11 0 0 500
2022 CO-01 28 31 24 13 2 0 2 100
2022 CO-02 16 30 29 14 11 0 0 265
2022 CO-03 9 23 35 15 18 0 0 125
2022 CO-04 10 9 41 10 30 0 0 10
2020 CO 14 28 32 16 10 0 1 470
2020 CO-01 24 33 26 9 5 2 1 80
2020 CO-02 12 26 35 17 9 0 0 245
2020 CO-03 10 28 31 18 13 0 1 130
2020 CO-04 20 20 10 10 40 0 0 10
2019 CO 15 31 29 15 9 1 0 515
2019 CO-01 23 38 25 9 5 0 0 100
2019 CO-02 15 29 32 15 8 1 1 245
2019 CO-03 13 29 25 21 12 0 0 140
2019 CO-04 0 25 33 17 25 0 0 10

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 23 31 26 11 8 1 1 23 77 440
2024 CO-01 33 27 24 6 6 3 1 34 66 85
2024 CO-02 23 30 25 12 8 1 0 24 76 205
2024 CO-03 15 37 29 11 8 0 0 15 85 140
2022 CO 25 32 22 10 9 0 2 500
2022 CO-01 37 32 16 6 6 0 4 100
2022 CO-02 26 34 21 9 9 0 1 260
2022 CO-03 16 30 30 16 9 0 0 130
2022 CO-04 10 12 29 20 30 0 0 10
2020 CO 25 33 23 12 6 0 1 470
2020 CO-01 45 35 10 6 1 0 2 80
2020 CO-02 21 32 26 14 7 0 0 250
2020 CO-03 20 36 26 12 5 0 1 130
2020 CO-04 20 20 20 30 10 0 0 10
2019 CO 25 34 23 10 8 1 1 510
2019 CO-01 40 33 14 6 5 1 1 100
2019 CO-02 23 36 25 9 6 1 1 245
2019 CO-03 20 28 26 14 13 0 0 140
2019 CO-04 17 42 0 25 17 0 0 10

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 22 24 25 12 14 1 2 22 78 440
2024 CO-01 33 19 24 8 7 4 5 37 63 85
2024 CO-02 21 26 26 10 14 1 1 22 78 205
2024 CO-03 13 26 24 19 18 0 0 13 87 140
2022 CO 20 26 25 14 14 1 1 505
2022 CO-01 31 26 19 17 4 1 3 100
2022 CO-02 20 32 24 11 12 1 0 260
2022 CO-03 12 18 30 18 22 0 0 130
2022 CO-04 0 12 39 20 30 0 0 10
2020 CO 19 29 26 14 10 1 1 470
2020 CO-01 40 24 22 7 2 1 2 80
2020 CO-02 16 28 30 16 9 1 0 245
2020 CO-03 15 32 21 16 16 0 0 130
2020 CO-04 0 30 30 10 30 0 0 10
2019 CO 20 27 25 16 11 1 1 510
2019 CO-01 32 31 18 11 8 0 0 100
2019 CO-02 19 27 27 15 10 2 2 240
2019 CO-03 14 24 26 21 15 0 0 140
2019 CO-04 8 25 17 33 17 0 0 10

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 48 25 10 6 3 1 7 53 47 440
2024 CO-01 65 13 7 3 0 5 8 74 26 85
2024 CO-02 49 25 9 7 2 0 7 53 47 205
2024 CO-03 34 35 15 7 5 0 4 35 65 140
2022 CO 45 26 13 5 6 1 4 505
2022 CO-01 56 20 11 1 2 2 8 100
2022 CO-02 47 26 12 6 5 0 4 265
2022 CO-03 32 30 20 8 8 0 2 130
2022 CO-04 19 41 0 10 30 0 0 10
2020 CO 42 29 14 7 5 0 2 470
2020 CO-02 40 32 14 7 3 0 2 245
2020 CO-03 39 28 17 8 7 0 1 130
2019 CO 47 25 12 6 5 1 2 515
2019 CO-01 65 13 10 4 2 1 5 100
2019 CO-02 47 28 11 5 4 2 2 245
2019 CO-03 38 29 14 9 10 0 0 140
2019 CO-04 17 42 0 25 17 0 0 10

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 23 27 22 11 16 0 1 23 77 440
2024 CO-01 37 22 17 4 19 0 0 37 63 85
2024 CO-02 17 29 21 13 18 0 2 18 82 205
2024 CO-03 19 30 29 13 8 0 0 19 81 140
2022 CO 26 29 21 12 11 1 0 500
2022 CO-01 31 23 17 19 8 2 1 100
2022 CO-02 27 31 17 11 13 0 0 260
2022 CO-03 20 33 31 9 8 0 0 130
2020 CO 24 31 23 14 8 0 0 470
2020 CO-01 34 28 20 11 7 0 0 80
2020 CO-02 22 32 26 13 7 0 0 245
2020 CO-03 22 32 20 18 8 0 0 130
2020 CO-04 20 30 20 20 10 0 0 10
2019 CO 32 30 19 11 8 1 0 510
2019 CO-01 42 27 19 8 4 0 1 100
2019 CO-02 31 29 22 10 7 1 0 240
2019 CO-03 29 34 14 13 10 0 0 140
2019 CO-04 8 25 8 42 17 0 0 10

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 25 29 24 12 8 1 1 25 75 440
2024 CO-01 34 24 21 7 11 3 0 35 65 80
2024 CO-02 22 29 27 13 7 1 2 23 77 205
2024 CO-03 21 37 22 15 5 0 0 21 79 140
2022 CO 28 35 20 8 7 0 2 505
2022 CO-01 40 32 13 7 3 0 5 100
2022 CO-02 28 32 23 8 7 1 1 265
2022 CO-03 19 40 20 9 10 0 1 130
2022 CO-04 10 60 20 9 0 0 0 10
2020 CO 32 32 21 10 5 0 0 470
2020 CO-01 48 33 9 7 1 0 2 80
2020 CO-02 26 32 24 11 6 1 0 245
2020 CO-03 33 31 23 8 5 0 0 130
2020 CO-04 40 30 20 10 0 0 0 10
2019 CO 26 34 21 12 7 0 1 510
2019 CO-01 44 16 24 8 5 1 1 100
2019 CO-02 19 36 21 14 9 0 1 240
2019 CO-03 30 35 18 11 4 0 0 140
2019 CO-04 8 58 25 8 0 0 0 10

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 24 32 21 12 8 1 1 25 75 435
2024 CO-01 36 28 21 6 5 2 0 37 63 80
2024 CO-02 23 30 19 15 10 0 2 24 76 205
2024 CO-03 16 41 24 12 7 0 0 16 84 140
2022 CO 29 29 21 12 6 0 2 505
2022 CO-01 44 16 22 11 3 1 3 100
2022 CO-02 27 34 21 11 5 0 1 260
2022 CO-03 23 28 24 15 10 0 1 130
2022 CO-04 0 51 9 10 29 0 0 10
2020 CO 25 34 23 13 4 0 0 470
2020 CO-01 44 32 16 6 1 0 1 80
2020 CO-02 20 33 26 15 6 0 0 245
2020 CO-03 24 36 22 14 4 0 0 130
2020 CO-04 10 60 20 10 0 0 0 10
2019 CO 24 33 21 13 7 1 0 515
2019 CO-01 37 38 13 8 3 1 0 100
2019 CO-02 20 31 24 15 8 1 1 245
2019 CO-03 22 33 24 13 9 0 0 140
2019 CO-04 25 33 8 25 8 0 0 10

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 29 32 20 9 8 1 1 30 70 440
2024 CO-01 29 33 18 6 9 2 2 30 70 85
2024 CO-02 29 30 21 9 10 0 0 30 70 205
2024 CO-03 30 36 19 10 4 1 0 30 70 140
2022 CO 29 34 19 10 7 0 1 505
2022 CO-01 36 29 20 7 4 0 4 100
2022 CO-02 29 35 18 10 6 0 1 265
2022 CO-03 24 35 19 11 10 0 1 130
2022 CO-04 9 51 30 9 0 0 0 10
2020 CO 32 31 20 9 7 0 0 470
2020 CO-01 40 33 14 6 5 1 1 80
2020 CO-02 29 31 22 11 6 0 0 245
2020 CO-03 34 31 18 8 9 0 0 130
2020 CO-04 40 20 20 20 0 0 0 10
2019 CO 29 28 19 14 9 0 0 510
2019 CO-01 44 19 17 10 9 1 0 100
2019 CO-02 21 29 23 16 10 0 0 240
2019 CO-03 30 31 15 16 8 0 0 140
2019 CO-04 33 33 25 0 8 0 0 10

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 43 24 14 8 9 1 1 43 57 440
2024 CO-01 47 28 10 6 6 3 0 49 51 85
2024 CO-02 41 21 14 12 9 1 2 42 58 205
2024 CO-03 43 26 16 5 10 1 0 44 56 140
2022 CO 45 27 13 6 7 1 1 505
2022 CO-01 49 25 18 2 4 0 3 100
2022 CO-02 48 26 9 7 7 1 1 265
2022 CO-03 37 30 15 9 8 0 1 130
2020 CO 50 24 12 8 6 0 0 470
2020 CO-01 57 20 12 4 6 0 1 80
2020 CO-02 46 26 12 11 5 0 0 245
2020 CO-03 52 24 11 6 8 0 0 130
2020 CO-04 70 10 10 0 10 0 0 10
2019 CO 44 25 13 9 8 1 0 510
2019 CO-01 47 20 11 10 11 0 0 100
2019 CO-02 40 28 13 9 9 1 0 245
2019 CO-03 45 26 15 9 5 0 1 140
2019 CO-04 58 17 0 17 8 0 0 10

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 50 24 14 7 5 0 1 50 50 440
2024 CO-01 60 21 5 11 4 0 0 60 40 85
2024 CO-02 45 24 20 3 7 0 1 46 54 205
2024 CO-03 50 28 12 8 1 1 0 50 50 140
2022 CO 51 24 13 7 5 0 1 500
2022 CO-01 51 25 12 4 6 0 2 100
2022 CO-02 51 23 12 7 5 0 1 260
2022 CO-03 52 22 14 8 3 0 1 130
2022 CO-04 20 61 9 0 9 0 0 10
2020 CO 20 34 25 13 7 0 1 475
2020 CO-01 24 35 22 10 7 0 1 80
2020 CO-02 21 33 25 15 5 0 1 250
2020 CO-03 16 38 25 12 10 0 0 130
2020 CO-04 20 20 50 10 0 0 0 10

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 33 30 21 8 7 0 1 33 67 440
2024 CO-01 38 22 26 5 7 0 1 39 61 85
2024 CO-02 30 35 20 8 5 1 1 30 70 205
2024 CO-03 32 29 19 12 8 0 0 32 68 140
2022 CO 32 33 19 10 5 0 1 505
2022 CO-01 41 33 8 12 3 0 3 100
2022 CO-02 32 32 22 9 5 1 0 260
2022 CO-03 28 33 21 10 6 0 2 130
2020 CO 29 30 21 14 5 0 0 470
2020 CO-01 30 38 21 7 4 0 0 80
2020 CO-02 30 28 21 15 5 0 1 250
2020 CO-03 29 28 22 16 5 0 0 130
2020 CO-04 10 60 10 0 20 0 0 10
2019 CO 39 28 20 10 3 0 0 510
2019 CO-01 44 33 16 4 3 0 0 100
2019 CO-02 34 28 24 10 3 0 0 245
2019 CO-03 42 25 17 13 3 0 1 140
2019 CO-04 17 42 25 8 8 0 0 10

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 26 20 15 13 24 0 1 27 73 440
2024 CO-01 26 21 14 13 25 0 0 26 74 85
2024 CO-02 28 18 12 13 26 1 2 29 71 205
2024 CO-03 24 22 21 14 19 0 1 24 76 140
2022 CO 44 21 15 9 8 0 2 505
2022 CO-01 40 28 9 10 10 0 3 100
2022 CO-02 42 20 17 10 9 0 2 265
2022 CO-03 49 20 15 7 7 0 2 130
2020 CO 42 29 18 8 3 1 0 470
2020 CO-01 50 24 15 9 1 0 1 80
2020 CO-02 40 30 19 6 3 1 0 245
2020 CO-03 41 27 20 8 4 1 0 130
2020 CO-04 10 50 20 20 0 0 0 10
2019 CO 53 23 11 7 5 0 1 510
2019 CO-01 63 18 9 4 5 0 1 100
2019 CO-02 48 26 12 6 6 0 2 240
2019 CO-03 57 23 9 9 3 0 0 140
2019 CO-04 55 18 18 0 9 0 0 10

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 43 29 11 7 9 0 2 44 56 440
2024 CO-01 53 25 8 5 8 1 0 53 47 85
2024 CO-02 41 28 11 9 8 0 3 42 58 205
2024 CO-03 39 34 12 6 9 0 1 39 61 140
2022 CO 37 36 13 9 3 0 1 500
2022 CO-01 36 40 10 8 4 0 2 100
2022 CO-02 41 31 13 11 3 0 1 260
2022 CO-03 33 45 15 3 4 0 1 130
2020 CO 24 36 21 12 6 0 0 465
2020 CO-01 27 46 11 12 4 0 0 80
2020 CO-02 25 32 24 13 6 0 0 245
2020 CO-03 21 38 22 12 6 0 1 125
2020 CO-04 40 20 10 10 20 0 0 10

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 69 7 4 2 4 2 11 80 20 440
2024 CO-01 70 8 3 3 5 3 8 79 21 85
2024 CO-02 66 7 5 2 2 3 15 80 20 205
2024 CO-03 75 9 3 3 2 1 6 81 19 135

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 59 11 7 5 7 2 9 66 34 440
2024 CO-01 64 10 3 4 11 3 5 69 31 85
2024 CO-02 56 10 8 6 5 2 13 66 34 205
2024 CO-03 62 14 9 4 4 2 5 66 34 140

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 67 10 5 3 7 2 6 73 27 440
2024 CO-01 79 2 1 4 8 2 4 84 16 85
2024 CO-02 64 12 5 4 6 2 8 71 29 205
2024 CO-03 66 14 6 1 6 0 6 70 30 140
2022 CO 72 10 3 3 3 2 7 505
2022 CO-01 62 14 4 5 3 1 12 100
2022 CO-02 73 10 4 2 4 3 4 265
2022 CO-03 77 7 2 4 2 2 6 130
2020 CO 79 9 5 2 2 1 2 470
2020 CO-01 84 6 5 1 1 1 1 80
2020 CO-02 75 11 5 3 1 2 3 250
2020 CO-03 83 6 4 2 4 0 2 130
2020 CO-04 90 0 10 0 0 0 0 10
2019 CO 67 13 6 4 7 1 2 510
2019 CO-01 59 19 8 7 6 1 0 100
2019 CO-02 69 11 5 3 9 1 2 240
2019 CO-03 72 11 5 3 7 0 1 140
2019 CO-04 67 17 8 0 8 0 0 10

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 65 17 5 4 5 1 4 68 32 440
2024 CO-01 74 10 4 2 5 0 4 77 23 85
2024 CO-02 61 18 5 5 5 0 5 65 35 205
2024 CO-03 62 21 6 5 5 1 0 63 37 140
2022 CO 65 21 5 2 2 1 4 500
2022 CO-01 63 22 3 0 2 0 10 100
2022 CO-02 69 18 4 4 2 1 2 260
2022 CO-03 58 27 9 2 2 1 1 130
2020 CO 67 22 5 2 1 0 2 470
2020 CO-01 70 20 6 0 1 1 1 80
2020 CO-02 67 22 6 2 0 0 2 245
2020 CO-03 64 26 4 3 2 0 2 130
2020 CO-04 90 10 0 0 0 0 0 10
2019 CO 51 29 12 4 3 0 1 505
2019 CO-01 54 25 9 7 4 1 0 100
2019 CO-02 50 26 13 5 3 0 2 240
2019 CO-03 49 34 12 1 3 0 1 140
2019 CO-04 58 17 17 8 0 0 0 10

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 63 13 8 4 9 1 2 65 35 440
2024 CO-01 66 10 6 4 11 1 2 68 32 80
2024 CO-02 61 15 8 4 9 0 3 63 37 205
2024 CO-03 64 13 9 5 8 1 0 64 36 140
2022 CO 66 15 7 4 5 1 4 500
2022 CO-01 67 13 4 3 3 0 11 100
2022 CO-02 68 13 7 4 6 1 2 260
2022 CO-03 61 20 9 4 4 0 2 125
2020 CO 69 15 7 4 2 0 1 465
2020 CO-01 74 18 1 2 1 1 1 80
2020 CO-02 70 12 9 5 2 0 2 245
2020 CO-03 64 20 6 5 4 0 2 130
2020 CO-04 90 0 0 0 10 0 0 10
2019 CO 54 20 11 6 8 0 0 510
2019 CO-01 63 15 9 4 8 1 0 100
2019 CO-02 49 21 13 6 10 0 1 240
2019 CO-03 54 22 10 9 6 0 0 140
2019 CO-04 50 25 17 0 8 0 0 10

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 61 10 3 2 2 0 22 78 22 440
2024 CO-01 68 1 0 1 2 2 27 95 5 85
2024 CO-02 60 6 1 1 1 0 30 86 14 200
2024 CO-03 58 24 7 4 3 0 3 60 40 140
2022 CO 61 12 3 2 1 1 21 505
2022 CO-01 69 3 0 0 0 0 28 100
2022 CO-02 63 7 2 1 1 1 26 260
2022 CO-03 50 29 9 5 2 1 4 130
2020 CO 60 12 2 1 1 0 23 470
2020 CO-01 67 1 0 0 0 2 29 80
2020 CO-02 62 6 1 0 0 0 31 250
2020 CO-03 53 29 6 3 3 0 5 130
2020 CO-04 70 20 0 0 0 0 10 10
2019 CO 54 16 5 1 1 0 22 510
2019 CO-01 72 3 0 0 0 1 24 100
2019 CO-02 56 9 3 0 0 0 32 240
2019 CO-03 38 36 12 5 3 0 6 140
2019 CO-04 58 17 8 0 0 0 17 10

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 66 17 5 2 2 1 7 72 28 440
2024 CO-01 68 12 3 1 2 2 12 79 21 85
2024 CO-02 64 17 6 3 1 0 8 70 30 205
2024 CO-03 69 21 5 3 2 0 0 69 31 140
2022 CO 67 17 6 2 1 1 7 500
2022 CO-01 73 9 4 1 1 0 13 100
2022 CO-02 65 19 6 2 1 0 6 260
2022 CO-03 68 19 6 2 1 2 2 130
2020 CO 63 23 7 3 1 0 3 475
2020 CO-01 66 22 5 1 0 1 5 80
2020 CO-02 62 21 11 3 0 0 2 250
2020 CO-03 62 28 3 3 2 0 2 130
2020 CO-04 70 20 0 0 10 0 0 10
2019 CO 65 21 8 2 1 1 2 510
2019 CO-01 69 20 2 5 0 1 3 100
2019 CO-02 63 20 10 1 2 1 2 245
2019 CO-03 67 21 10 2 0 0 1 140
2019 CO-04 50 33 17 0 0 0 0 10

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 59 18 8 3 7 0 5 63 37 440
2024 CO-01 54 19 8 3 10 1 6 58 42 85
2024 CO-02 57 18 8 3 8 0 6 60 40 205
2024 CO-03 70 16 8 3 2 0 1 70 30 140
2022 CO 75 11 4 2 3 1 4 505
2022 CO-01 65 12 7 2 4 1 8 100
2022 CO-02 75 12 3 3 3 0 4 265
2022 CO-03 80 9 5 1 3 1 2 130
2020 CO 78 14 4 2 1 0 1 470
2020 CO-01 74 11 5 4 4 0 2 80
2020 CO-02 75 17 4 2 1 0 1 250
2020 CO-03 84 9 2 2 2 0 2 130
2020 CO-04 90 10 0 0 0 0 0 10
2019 CO 80 11 4 1 2 0 2 510
2019 CO-01 76 12 5 1 3 1 2 100
2019 CO-02 79 10 4 2 2 0 2 240
2019 CO-03 85 11 2 0 0 0 1 140
2019 CO-04 83 0 8 8 0 0 0 10

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 47 29 11 4 4 0 4 49 51 440
2024 CO-01 44 27 10 4 9 1 4 47 53 85
2024 CO-02 45 29 14 4 4 0 4 47 53 205
2024 CO-03 54 31 10 3 1 0 1 55 45 140
2022 CO 45 27 15 5 3 0 4 505
2022 CO-01 35 31 20 6 3 1 5 100
2022 CO-02 45 25 15 6 4 0 4 265
2022 CO-03 54 29 11 2 1 0 2 130
2020 CO 45 27 16 7 3 0 1 475
2020 CO-01 41 30 17 6 5 0 0 80
2020 CO-02 41 27 18 8 3 1 2 250
2020 CO-03 54 25 15 4 1 0 2 130
2020 CO-04 80 20 0 0 0 0 0 10
2019 CO 54 28 11 4 2 1 1 510
2019 CO-01 54 27 13 2 2 1 1 100
2019 CO-02 50 28 11 7 2 0 2 245
2019 CO-03 60 28 8 2 1 1 1 140
2019 CO-04 58 8 25 0 8 0 0 10

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)		 Low
(%)		 Moderate
(%)		 High
(%)		 Very High
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 4 31 43 16 6 0 0 35 22 440
2024 CO-01 10 35 33 15 7 0 0 45 22 80
2024 CO-02 2 32 46 14 5 0 1 35 19 205
2024 CO-03 2 27 47 19 5 0 0 29 24 140
2022 CO 8 33 41 14 3 0 0 41 17 505
2022 CO-01 11 43 29 15 2 0 0 54 17 100
2022 CO-02 7 36 40 14 3 0 0 44 17 265
2022 CO-03 7 19 57 13 4 0 0 26 17 130
2022 CO-04 0 20 30 29 20 0 0 20 50 10
2020 CO 12 35 37 13 3 0 0 47 16 475
2020 CO-01 20 41 32 7 0 0 0 61 7 80
2020 CO-02 9 38 38 12 3 0 0 48 15 250
2020 CO-03 11 26 41 18 4 0 0 37 22 130
2020 CO-04 10 40 10 30 10 0 0 50 40 10
2019 CO 13 34 36 10 7 0 0 47 17 515
2019 CO-01 24 38 23 8 8 0 0 61 16 100
2019 CO-02 11 34 40 10 5 0 0 45 15 245
2019 CO-03 9 35 38 9 9 0 0 44 18 140
2019 CO-04 8 25 17 42 8 0 0 33 50 10

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 11 22 42 19 6 0 0 25 33 440
2024 CO-01 14 18 39 21 8 0 0 29 32 85
2024 CO-02 9 21 42 21 5 0 1 27 31 205
2024 CO-03 10 28 46 13 4 0 0 17 37 140
2022 CO 7 18 43 23 8 0 1 31 25 505
2022 CO-01 4 20 35 26 13 0 2 40 25 100
2022 CO-02 7 16 43 25 8 0 1 34 23 260
2022 CO-03 9 19 51 18 2 0 0 20 28 130
2022 CO-04 30 31 19 9 10 0 0 19 61 10
2020 CO 10 19 40 24 7 0 0 32 29 475
2020 CO-01 7 9 33 38 13 0 0 51 16 80
2020 CO-02 8 19 40 25 7 0 0 32 28 250
2020 CO-03 13 25 43 15 5 0 0 19 38 130
2020 CO-04 30 10 30 30 0 0 0 30 40 10
2019 CO 9 17 38 26 9 0 0 36 27 505
2019 CO-01 13 10 30 30 17 0 0 47 23 100
2019 CO-02 8 15 42 26 9 0 1 35 23 240
2019 CO-03 10 24 36 25 6 0 0 30 34 140
2019 CO-04 17 25 33 25 0 0 0 25 42 10
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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 23 62 440
2024 CO-01 36 51 85
2024 CO-02 19 65 205
2024 CO-03 16 70 140
2022 CO 26 61 505
2022 CO-01 32 54 100
2022 CO-02 23 61 265
2022 CO-03 24 65 130
2022 CO-04 30 70 10
2020 CO 27 55 475
2020 CO-01 38 49 80
2020 CO-02 24 55 250
2020 CO-03 24 58 130
2020 CO-04 20 60 10

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 46 54 100
2024 CO-01 51 49 30
2024 CO-02 34 66 40
2024 CO-03 54 46 25
2022 CO 44 56 130
2022 CO-01 55 45 30
2022 CO-02 48 52 60
2022 CO-03 28 72 30
2020 CO 44 56 125
2020 CO-02 48 52 60

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 40 14 8 7 10 3 18 51 49 440
2024 CO-01 41 9 7 3 14 4 21 55 45 85
2024 CO-02 37 17 8 7 9 3 19 48 52 205
2024 CO-03 47 13 10 7 8 2 13 55 45 140
2022 CO 44 15 8 5 6 3 19 505
2022 CO-01 42 12 7 3 8 4 22 100
2022 CO-02 39 17 10 6 6 2 20 265
2022 CO-03 53 14 7 7 4 2 13 130
2022 CO-04 71 20 0 0 0 0 9 10
2020 CO 47 17 12 6 5 2 11 475
2020 CO-01 54 16 12 4 4 5 6 80
2020 CO-02 41 17 12 7 6 2 16 250
2020 CO-03 55 20 12 5 5 0 4 130
2020 CO-04 60 10 10 0 10 0 10 10
2019 CO 45 15 12 11 9 1 7 495
2019 CO-01 42 10 16 7 11 3 10 100
2019 CO-02 38 18 10 14 11 1 6 240
2019 CO-03 57 13 12 9 4 0 5 140
2019 CO-04 42 17 17 8 8 0 8 10

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 12 20 7 14 35 5 7 36 55 100
2024 CO-01 18 16 3 9 44 0 9 37 59 30
2024 CO-02 13 20 10 18 26 5 7 37 51 40
2024 CO-03 4 21 9 20 37 4 5 27 63 25
2022 CO 11 15 11 22 33 2 7 28 60 130
2022 CO-01 24 16 8 15 33 0 3 42 50 30
2022 CO-02 6 10 15 23 37 3 6 17 66 60
2022 CO-03 7 22 6 25 24 3 13 34 58 30
2020 CO 7 25 10 28 22 2 6 34 54 125
2020 CO-02 7 15 12 38 20 3 5 24 64 60

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 CO 10 12 6 21 44 4 3 24 70 100
2024 CO-01 11 15 6 21 45 0 3 27 67 30
2024 CO-02 10 11 8 23 40 5 3 23 68 40
2024 CO-03 8 9 4 17 46 12 4 20 75 25
2022 CO 8 12 13 14 50 3 1 20 66 130
2022 CO-01 17 10 9 19 43 0 2 28 63 30
2022 CO-02 3 14 13 11 55 3 0 19 68 60
2022 CO-03 6 6 19 19 43 6 0 14 66 30
2020 CO 6 12 13 31 34 2 3 18 68 125
2020 CO-02 8 5 17 33 28 3 5 15 67 60
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