2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Correctional Service Canada by Question 97. Are you currently a shift worker?

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Table of contents

Top of page

Employee engagement

Employee engagement

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 10 21 17 15 35 0 0 32 51 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 31 40 12 8 9 0 0 71 17 5185
2022 Shift worker 13 30 16 13 29 0 0 43 41 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 34 42 11 7 6 0 0 76 14 5305
2020 Shift worker 12 27 17 17 27 0 0 39 44 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 35 41 12 8 4 0 0 77 12 6880
2019 Shift worker 11 28 19 15 26 0 0 39 41 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 35 42 12 7 4 0 0 78 11 6455

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 7 15 14 16 48 0 0 22 64 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 27 33 14 13 14 0 0 59 27 5180
2022 Shift worker 7 19 15 19 39 0 0 27 59 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 27 35 14 12 12 0 0 63 24 5310
2020 Shift worker 7 19 18 19 37 0 0 26 56 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 27 37 14 12 9 0 0 65 21 6875
2019 Shift worker 7 19 19 21 34 0 0 25 55 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 27 37 14 12 9 0 0 65 21 6440

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 25 28 19 10 18 0 0 53 28 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 47 35 10 4 3 0 0 83 7 5175
2022 Shift worker 27 32 17 10 14 0 0 59 24 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 50 35 9 3 3 0 0 85 6 5305
2020 Shift worker 29 32 17 9 13 0 0 61 22 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 53 35 8 3 2 0 0 88 4 6850
2019 Shift worker 26 36 18 7 12 0 0 62 20 1955
2019 Non-shift worker 53 35 8 3 2 0 0 88 4 6410

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 18 31 21 12 18 1 0 49 30 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 37 40 12 7 5 0 0 77 11 5185
2022 Shift worker 20 36 18 11 14 0 0 57 25 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 39 40 11 5 4 0 0 79 9 5310
2020 Shift worker 21 35 19 12 12 0 0 56 24 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 42 41 10 5 2 0 0 83 7 6875
2019 Shift worker 20 39 21 10 11 0 0 59 20 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 42 41 9 5 2 0 0 83 7 6445

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 10 15 14 16 45 0 0 25 61 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 24 27 16 14 18 1 0 52 32 5185
2022 Shift worker 10 20 17 18 35 0 0 30 53 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 25 30 17 14 14 1 0 56 28 5305
2020 Shift worker 11 20 20 17 32 1 0 31 49 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 27 32 19 12 9 0 0 59 22 6870
2019 Shift worker 9 20 22 18 31 1 0 29 49 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 26 31 19 12 11 1 0 57 23 6450

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 10 16 13 18 42 0 0 26 60 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 25 31 15 15 15 0 0 55 30 5180
2022 Shift worker 10 22 17 18 33 0 0 32 51 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 25 33 16 14 11 0 0 59 25 5305
2020 Shift worker 11 21 22 18 28 1 0 32 46 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 28 35 18 12 7 0 0 63 19 6845
2019 Shift worker 9 22 21 19 28 1 0 31 47 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 27 34 18 12 8 0 0 62 20 6430

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 9 16 16 17 38 4 1 26 58 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 26 23 17 13 16 5 1 52 31 5180
2022 Shift worker 10 18 20 15 31 5 1 30 49 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 26 24 18 14 14 5 1 52 29 5310
2020 Shift worker 14 18 21 16 26 4 1 33 45 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 30 26 20 12 9 3 1 58 22 6880
2019 Shift worker 11 20 22 16 27 3 1 32 45 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 28 25 20 13 10 3 1 56 24 6455
Top of page

Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 17 29 23 7 14 3 7 52 23 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 44 30 14 4 4 1 3 77 8 5180
2022 Shift worker 15 29 26 8 13 2 7 49 23 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 44 31 14 4 3 1 3 78 8 5305
2020 Shift worker 19 28 27 9 12 1 4 49 22 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 47 29 14 4 3 1 2 79 7 6880
2019 Shift worker 17 30 27 9 12 1 3 49 22 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 45 31 14 4 3 1 2 78 7 6470

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 19 24 17 14 21 2 3 45 37 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 44 31 10 7 6 1 0 76 14 5175
2022 Shift worker 17 28 18 14 21 1 1 46 35 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 43 32 11 7 6 0 1 76 14 5305
2020 Shift worker 20 28 20 13 17 1 1 49 30 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 44 30 11 8 6 0 0 75 14 6880
2019 Shift worker 19 31 19 15 15 1 0 50 30 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 42 32 11 9 5 0 0 75 14 6425

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 20 28 19 11 19 2 1 49 31 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 50 26 10 6 6 0 0 77 13 5185
2022 Shift worker 20 27 21 11 19 1 1 49 30 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 49 27 11 6 6 0 0 76 12 5310
2020 Shift worker 21 27 22 12 14 1 3 50 27 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 51 27 10 6 5 0 0 78 11 6895
2019 Shift worker 21 31 21 12 15 0 0 53 26 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 48 30 10 7 4 0 0 79 11 6460

Senior management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 9 14 14 16 43 4 0 24 61 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 26 26 15 12 16 4 0 55 29 5180
2022 Shift worker 10 19 16 13 39 4 0 29 54 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 27 30 16 11 12 5 0 60 24 5305
2020 Shift worker 10 18 18 18 33 3 0 29 53 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 31 30 15 11 9 4 0 64 20 6900
2019 Shift worker 8 20 17 17 35 2 0 29 53 1975
2019 Non-shift worker 26 33 16 12 9 3 0 61 22 6450

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 8 12 13 15 50 1 0 21 66 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 23 24 17 15 20 2 0 47 35 5180
2022 Shift worker 9 16 13 14 46 2 0 25 61 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 24 28 17 14 15 2 0 53 29 5310
2020 Shift worker 9 16 15 19 39 1 0 26 59 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 29 30 16 13 10 1 0 60 24 6880
2019 Shift worker 7 18 16 18 40 1 0 25 59 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 25 32 17 14 11 1 0 57 25 6435

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 6 10 13 15 53 3 0 17 70 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 18 23 18 17 21 3 0 42 40 5180
2022 Shift worker 7 14 15 16 45 2 0 22 63 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 18 27 19 17 16 3 0 46 34 5300
2020 Shift worker 6 15 16 22 40 1 0 22 62 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 21 31 19 16 11 2 0 53 27 6875
2019 Shift worker 5 16 17 20 40 2 0 22 61 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 19 30 21 16 12 2 0 50 29 6415

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 6 12 11 18 51 2 0 18 70 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 16 24 16 18 23 1 0 41 42 5185
2022 Shift worker 7 15 12 17 48 1 0 22 66 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 18 28 17 19 18 2 0 46 37 5305
2020 Shift worker 6 16 13 19 46 1 0 22 65 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 19 32 17 18 13 1 0 52 31 6890
2019 Shift worker 6 15 14 19 45 1 0 21 65 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 17 31 18 18 15 1 0 48 33 6425
Top of page

Workforce

Performance management

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 6 14 14 15 51 0 0 20 66 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 25 32 15 13 15 0 0 57 28 5180
2022 Shift worker 7 16 16 16 43 1 1 24 60 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 26 33 15 13 14 0 0 59 27 5315
2020 Shift worker 7 19 16 21 37 0 0 26 58 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 26 36 15 13 10 0 0 63 22 6885
2019 Shift worker 6 20 17 22 34 0 0 26 57 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 24 38 14 14 9 0 0 62 23 6445

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 13 33 19 16 17 0 0 47 34 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 31 45 9 10 5 0 0 76 15 5185
2022 Shift worker 15 36 17 16 16 0 0 51 32 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 32 45 10 10 3 0 0 77 13 5305
2020 Shift worker 12 34 21 19 14 0 0 47 33 1695
2020 Non-shift worker 31 43 12 10 3 0 0 74 13 6855
2019 Shift worker 10 35 21 20 13 0 0 45 33 1950
2019 Non-shift worker 29 45 12 10 3 0 0 74 14 6420

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 17 24 17 14 24 2 1 43 39 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 42 31 11 8 7 0 0 73 15 5180
2022 Shift worker 16 27 18 13 24 1 1 44 38 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 40 32 12 8 7 0 0 73 16 5310
2020 Shift worker 20 27 18 16 18 0 1 47 34 1695
2020 Non-shift worker 43 31 13 8 6 0 0 74 14 6885
2019 Shift worker 18 29 20 14 18 1 0 47 32 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 40 32 13 8 5 0 0 73 13 6450

Job fit and development

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 9 27 15 24 25 0 0 36 49 1190
2024 Non-shift worker 23 37 13 16 10 0 0 60 27 5175
2022 Shift worker 10 31 13 22 25 0 0 41 47 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 22 40 11 17 10 0 0 62 27 5300
2020 Shift worker 12 32 15 24 18 0 0 44 41 1695
2020 Non-shift worker 24 42 14 14 6 0 0 66 21 6870
2019 Shift worker 12 38 12 22 16 0 0 50 38 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 20 43 13 17 7 0 0 63 24 6450

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 22 25 20 9 19 3 2 49 30 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 50 25 11 5 7 1 1 76 12 5180
2022 Shift worker 20 28 21 10 19 2 1 49 29 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 48 26 12 6 6 1 1 75 12 5300
2020 Shift worker 24 27 21 10 14 1 2 53 25 1695
2020 Non-shift worker 49 25 13 6 5 1 1 75 11 6875

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 8 16 16 18 40 3 0 24 59 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 20 28 18 15 17 2 0 49 32 5185
2022 Shift worker 8 18 18 18 34 3 0 27 54 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 22 31 17 15 14 2 0 54 29 5310
2020 Shift worker 8 19 21 19 31 2 0 27 52 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 22 31 20 15 11 2 0 54 26 6875
2019 Shift worker 7 18 20 18 34 2 0 26 53 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 20 31 18 16 13 2 0 52 29 6445

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 26 22 19 11 12 3 6 29 71 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 39 25 15 7 8 1 5 41 59 5185
2022 Shift worker 29 23 20 8 11 3 6 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 42 25 14 7 7 1 5 5305
2020 Shift worker 32 21 22 9 9 2 5 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 48 23 14 6 4 1 3 6895
2019 Shift worker 32 22 22 9 9 2 4 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 46 26 15 6 4 1 3 6450

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 44 7 6 5 9 4 24 62 38 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 51 8 6 4 6 3 22 67 33 5185

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 37 15 13 8 15 5 7 42 58 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 59 12 8 4 5 4 8 67 33 5175
2022 Shift worker 43 14 11 7 14 4 6 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 67 11 5 3 5 3 5 5305
2020 Shift worker 47 13 12 8 11 4 5 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 69 12 7 3 3 2 3 6865
2019 Shift worker 43 14 13 8 12 5 5 1950
2019 Non-shift worker 68 12 6 3 4 3 4 6425

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 45 12 8 4 8 5 17 58 42 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 66 8 5 2 3 2 14 79 21 5180

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 40 13 10 5 13 5 14 50 50 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 57 11 8 4 6 2 12 67 33 5185

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 11 28 12 16 29 2 1 41 47 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 18 31 12 15 18 3 3 52 35 5180
2022 Shift worker 12 33 13 14 25 3 2 46 40 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 21 33 12 14 15 2 2 57 30 5305
2020 Shift worker 11 23 18 16 29 2 1 35 46 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 22 30 16 14 14 2 2 55 29 6895
2019 Shift worker 10 26 19 13 30 1 1 36 44 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 21 30 16 14 16 2 2 52 31 6460

Empowerment

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 7 17 14 20 41 0 0 24 61 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 25 35 13 14 13 0 0 60 27 5180
2022 Shift worker 7 22 15 20 35 1 0 29 56 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 26 37 14 13 10 0 0 63 23 5305
2020 Shift worker 7 23 17 22 31 0 0 31 53 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 28 40 14 12 7 0 0 67 19 6870
2019 Shift worker 7 23 17 21 31 0 0 30 53 1950
2019 Non-shift worker 26 39 14 13 7 0 0 66 20 6425

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 8 16 17 16 41 1 1 25 58 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 30 33 16 10 10 0 0 63 20 5180
2022 Shift worker 8 20 19 19 34 0 0 28 53 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 30 35 16 10 8 0 0 66 18 5305
2020 Shift worker 9 20 20 19 32 0 0 29 51 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 32 36 16 10 7 0 0 68 17 6880
2019 Shift worker 8 20 21 18 32 0 0 28 51 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 31 35 16 11 7 0 0 67 18 6435

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 8 15 20 20 36 1 0 24 56 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 29 34 15 12 10 0 0 62 23 5180
2022 Shift worker 8 19 19 24 30 1 0 27 54 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 28 36 17 11 8 0 0 64 19 5310
2020 Shift worker 8 22 23 22 24 0 0 31 46 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 28 39 16 11 6 0 0 67 17 6795
2019 Shift worker 8 23 25 22 22 0 0 31 44 1940
2019 Non-shift worker 26 41 15 12 6 0 0 67 18 6365

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 7 15 16 20 39 3 1 22 61 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 19 34 18 14 11 3 1 55 26 5175
2022 Shift worker 6 18 20 18 33 4 1 25 54 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 21 37 18 13 9 2 0 59 22 5310
2020 Shift worker 6 21 20 22 26 3 0 28 51 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 21 41 18 12 6 2 0 63 18 6885
2019 Shift worker 5 19 23 21 28 3 1 25 51 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 18 41 20 12 6 2 0 60 19 6465

Work-life balance and workload

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 11 20 17 17 33 1 1 32 51 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 34 31 10 11 15 0 0 64 26 5180
2022 Shift worker 13 28 17 17 24 0 1 42 41 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 34 34 10 11 10 0 0 69 21 5310
2020 Shift worker 13 25 19 19 23 0 1 38 42 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 38 33 12 10 6 0 0 72 16 6885
2019 Shift worker 13 28 19 17 22 1 0 41 40 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 38 35 12 9 6 0 0 73 15 6450

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 32 30 20 7 4 1 7 67 11 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 31 31 19 10 7 0 0 63 18 5185
2022 Shift worker 37 33 16 4 3 1 6 75 7 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 31 32 19 11 7 0 0 63 18 5315
2020 Shift worker 35 37 18 4 2 0 3 75 6 1685
2020 Non-shift worker 32 33 19 10 6 0 0 65 16 6835
2019 Shift worker 33 33 22 6 4 0 3 68 10 1950
2019 Non-shift worker 30 31 22 10 7 0 0 61 17 6405

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 13 14 16 6 25 3 23 37 41 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 51 24 8 5 7 2 3 78 13 5180
2022 Shift worker 14 16 17 7 20 5 22 40 37 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 51 25 9 5 7 2 2 79 12 5310

Mobility and retention

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Unsure
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 32 36 32 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 34 36 30 5185
2022 Shift worker 31 39 30 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 36 35 29 5310
2020 Shift worker 16 49 35 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 19 46 34 6905
2019 Shift worker 15 49 36 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 21 44 35 6470

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.

Survey year Demographic To retire
(%)
To pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)
To pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)
To pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)
End of my term, casual or student employment
(%)
Other reason
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 17 27 27 20 3 7 395
2024 Non-shift worker 21 31 24 9 9 6 1720
2022 Shift worker 13 29 29 16 4 9 415
2022 Non-shift worker 19 35 25 6 9 6 1875
2020 Shift worker 15 32 25 13 3 11 280
2020 Non-shift worker 25 31 26 4 7 6 1380
2019 Shift worker 18 27 26 17 3 9 295
2019 Non-shift worker 22 34 22 5 9 7 1395
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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 15 27 19 15 23 1 0 43 38 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 41 40 9 5 4 1 0 82 9 5170
2022 Shift worker 16 32 18 15 18 1 0 48 33 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 43 41 9 5 2 0 0 84 7 5300
2020 Shift worker 16 32 20 14 16 1 0 49 30 1695
2020 Non-shift worker 44 40 9 4 2 0 0 84 7 6850
2019 Shift worker 12 32 22 16 16 0 0 45 32 1955
2019 Non-shift worker 42 41 10 5 2 0 0 83 7 6430

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 9 24 17 17 32 2 1 34 49 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 21 38 19 11 9 1 0 60 21 5185
2022 Shift worker 10 26 21 17 24 1 0 37 42 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 22 42 18 10 7 1 0 64 17 5305
2020 Shift worker 10 27 24 19 19 1 0 38 39 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 25 43 18 9 4 1 0 69 13 6895
2019 Shift worker 9 28 25 18 19 1 0 37 38 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 25 43 18 9 4 1 0 68 13 6450

Organizational performance

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 25 36 24 9 2 1 2 12 63 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 13 28 34 16 8 1 1 24 42 5160
2022 Shift worker 22 33 26 9 6 1 3 15 58 1325
2022 Non-shift worker 12 27 35 16 7 1 2 24 40 5305
2020 Shift worker 26 35 25 9 3 1 1 13 62 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 13 29 34 17 6 0 1 23 42 6890
2019 Shift worker 26 31 29 9 3 1 1 13 57 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 11 29 36 15 6 1 1 22 41 6465

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 26 28 23 11 3 2 6 16 59 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 17 26 30 15 8 1 3 24 45 5170
2022 Shift worker 24 28 24 10 5 3 6 16 57 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 15 27 31 15 8 1 3 24 44 5305
2020 Shift worker 24 28 25 11 5 3 3 17 56 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 15 25 31 19 8 1 2 28 40 6870
2019 Shift worker 26 27 25 12 4 3 3 17 56 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 16 27 30 17 7 1 1 25 44 6440

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 12 14 26 23 9 2 14 38 31 1190
2024 Non-shift worker 9 15 34 25 12 1 3 39 26 5165
2022 Shift worker 9 13 27 24 12 3 13 42 26 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 8 17 33 26 13 1 3 40 26 5295
2020 Shift worker 8 10 31 30 12 2 7 46 19 1685
2020 Non-shift worker 7 15 34 29 13 1 1 42 23 6855
2019 Shift worker 10 14 31 26 11 2 6 40 26 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 8 17 37 24 12 1 1 37 26 6425

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 30 27 21 10 6 1 4 17 61 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 23 24 24 15 10 1 3 27 49 5170
2022 Shift worker 21 26 26 12 7 2 6 21 51 1325
2022 Non-shift worker 19 24 26 16 11 1 3 28 45 5305
2020 Shift worker 20 24 29 16 6 2 3 23 46 1695
2020 Non-shift worker 18 23 28 18 10 1 1 29 42 6870
2019 Shift worker 23 25 28 15 6 1 2 22 50 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 22 26 26 14 9 1 1 24 49 6445

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 24 23 23 13 8 2 6 23 51 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 13 20 27 20 13 2 4 36 36 5175
2022 Shift worker 22 22 24 16 7 5 5 25 48 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 16 23 27 17 11 2 4 30 42 5305
2020 Shift worker 20 21 26 19 10 2 2 30 43 1695
2020 Non-shift worker 10 20 27 26 14 2 2 41 31 6865
2019 Shift worker 23 21 25 18 8 3 3 27 47 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 17 23 28 18 10 2 2 29 41 6435

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 27 25 22 9 5 3 8 16 59 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 19 24 30 14 8 2 3 23 45 5175
2022 Shift worker 23 25 26 12 5 3 6 19 53 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 16 25 32 14 8 2 3 24 43 5305
2020 Shift worker 22 26 26 13 6 3 3 21 51 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 14 24 32 18 9 2 2 28 39 6875
2019 Shift worker 24 24 27 12 6 3 4 20 52 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 16 26 32 15 8 1 1 24 42 6435

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 25 23 28 14 5 1 3 20 51 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 8 18 35 24 12 1 2 37 27 5180
2022 Shift worker 17 21 30 17 9 2 5 27 41 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 7 14 36 26 14 1 2 41 22 5300
2020 Shift worker 12 19 33 23 9 2 2 32 33 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 5 15 33 31 14 1 1 46 21 6880
2019 Shift worker 15 21 31 22 7 1 3 30 38 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 7 15 33 29 14 1 1 44 22 6445

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 5 11 13 25 45 2 0 16 71 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 11 26 19 22 21 1 0 38 43 5180
2022 Shift worker 4 14 18 23 38 2 0 19 63 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 12 29 19 23 15 1 0 42 38 5310
2020 Shift worker 5 17 19 27 31 1 0 22 59 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 15 34 22 19 9 1 0 49 29 6870
2019 Shift worker 4 14 18 28 34 1 0 19 63 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 12 32 22 22 11 1 0 44 34 6440

Diversity and inclusion

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 15 23 14 17 29 1 1 38 47 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 38 29 10 10 11 1 0 68 22 5175
2022 Shift worker 15 24 14 18 27 1 0 40 46 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 40 31 9 9 9 1 0 72 19 5305
2020 Shift worker 13 25 16 19 26 0 0 39 45 1695
2020 Non-shift worker 37 32 11 12 8 0 0 69 20 6880
2019 Shift worker 13 26 18 18 24 0 0 40 42 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 37 32 11 12 8 1 0 69 20 6440

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 14 31 17 17 20 0 1 45 38 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 38 36 9 10 7 0 0 74 17 5175
2022 Shift worker 16 32 17 16 18 0 0 49 34 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 41 36 8 9 6 0 0 77 15 5305
2020 Shift worker 15 35 17 18 15 0 0 50 32 1695
2020 Non-shift worker 39 37 10 10 4 0 0 76 14 6870
2019 Shift worker 14 35 19 18 13 0 0 50 31 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 37 38 10 10 5 0 0 75 15 6440

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 12 30 23 14 19 2 1 43 34 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 35 40 12 7 6 1 0 75 13 5175
2022 Shift worker 13 33 24 13 14 2 1 47 28 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 36 39 13 6 4 1 0 76 11 5300
2020 Shift worker 13 34 26 13 13 1 0 48 26 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 35 40 14 6 3 1 0 76 9 6850
2019 Shift worker 12 35 25 14 12 1 1 47 27 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 34 41 14 7 3 1 0 76 10 6440

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 10 22 19 15 30 3 1 32 48 1190
2024 Non-shift worker 25 34 16 11 10 2 0 61 22 5175
2022 Shift worker 12 24 19 16 27 2 1 36 44 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 28 36 15 10 8 2 0 65 19 5300
2020 Shift worker 12 25 23 18 20 1 0 38 39 1695
2020 Non-shift worker 29 39 16 9 5 2 0 69 15 6860
2019 Shift worker 11 27 24 16 20 2 1 39 37 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 29 40 16 8 5 1 0 70 13 6425

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 19 27 20 9 15 8 3 51 27 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 28 36 17 6 5 6 1 70 12 5180
2022 Shift worker 18 32 20 10 12 8 2 54 24 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 30 37 17 6 4 5 1 71 11 5300
2020 Shift worker 16 27 27 12 15 3 1 45 28 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 33 37 17 6 4 3 1 72 10 6870
2019 Shift worker 16 30 26 11 14 3 1 47 26 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 34 40 16 5 3 2 0 75 8 6430

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 14 27 14 18 27 1 0 41 45 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 34 35 10 10 10 0 0 69 21 5185
2022 Shift worker 15 31 15 15 23 0 0 46 39 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 35 38 10 10 7 0 0 73 16 5315
2020 Shift worker 16 31 18 15 19 1 0 48 34 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 41 36 11 8 4 0 0 77 12 6870
2019 Shift worker 14 31 20 14 20 1 0 45 35 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 38 37 12 7 5 0 0 76 12 6455

Anti-racism

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 19 23 15 13 24 3 3 45 39 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 34 30 12 7 9 4 3 70 17 5180
2022 Shift worker 24 25 16 12 18 3 3 52 32 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 39 30 11 7 7 4 3 74 14 5315

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 20 23 18 11 21 3 4 46 35 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 34 30 13 8 8 4 3 69 17 5185
2022 Shift worker 25 24 17 12 17 4 2 52 31 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 39 29 11 7 6 4 3 73 14 5310

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 16 17 23 13 14 14 4 40 33 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 27 27 23 7 4 11 2 61 13 5185
2022 Shift worker 16 21 23 12 10 14 4 45 26 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 27 28 22 7 3 10 2 63 12 5310
2020 Shift worker 16 29 28 11 12 3 1 47 24 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 32 36 19 6 3 3 1 71 10 6885

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 19 24 14 11 24 5 4 47 38 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 34 31 10 8 8 5 3 71 18 5180
2022 Shift worker 19 27 15 12 18 6 4 51 33 1325
2022 Non-shift worker 39 32 10 7 7 4 2 75 14 5295
2020 Shift worker 18 28 18 13 18 3 2 48 33 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 40 34 11 7 5 2 1 76 12 6865

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 5 8 22 9 28 22 6 18 51 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 8 15 26 7 8 31 5 36 23 5180
2022 Shift worker 5 10 23 8 19 30 6 23 42 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 8 15 27 5 6 34 5 37 19 5295

Question 72. Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination: I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2022 Shift worker 3 7 17 13 54 7 0 11 72 115
2022 Non-shift worker 2 3 22 24 40 9 1 5 70 145
2020 Shift worker 1 3 15 22 55 4 1 4 81 125
2020 Non-shift worker 4 8 21 18 40 6 3 12 64 160

Ethical workplace

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 7 16 20 19 35 2 2 23 56 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 19 30 18 12 15 3 3 52 29 5175
2022 Shift worker 8 18 19 20 31 2 1 27 53 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 20 31 18 12 12 4 3 55 26 5300
2020 Shift worker 7 21 21 22 27 1 1 29 50 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 20 32 20 13 10 3 2 55 24 6895
2019 Shift worker 8 20 23 20 26 2 1 29 48 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 23 33 17 13 10 2 2 58 24 6445

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 12 24 14 17 31 1 1 36 49 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 26 36 14 11 11 1 0 63 22 5180
2022 Shift worker 12 26 16 17 25 2 1 39 44 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 27 37 14 11 8 2 1 66 20 5305
2020 Shift worker 12 28 19 17 21 2 0 41 39 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 31 38 13 10 6 2 1 71 16 6885
2019 Shift worker 10 29 21 17 22 1 1 39 40 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 31 39 13 10 6 1 1 71 16 6450

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 8 20 17 16 36 1 0 28 54 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 23 33 18 12 13 1 0 57 25 5180
2022 Shift worker 9 22 20 16 31 2 0 31 48 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 24 35 20 11 9 1 0 59 20 5295
2020 Shift worker 9 23 24 17 24 1 0 33 42 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 28 36 18 10 6 1 0 65 17 6870
2019 Shift worker 8 24 22 19 27 1 0 32 46 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 26 37 19 10 7 1 0 63 18 6440

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 9 17 14 16 40 3 1 27 58 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 17 23 16 16 21 6 1 43 40 5185
2022 Shift worker 9 18 15 18 35 4 1 28 56 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 18 26 17 15 18 6 1 47 35 5310
2020 Shift worker 9 19 15 20 33 3 0 29 55 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 20 27 17 16 15 5 1 49 32 6880
2019 Shift worker 8 20 17 18 34 3 1 28 54 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 17 27 18 16 16 5 1 47 34 6445

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 8 34 9 25 24 0 0 42 49 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 28 46 6 13 7 0 0 74 20 5180
2022 Shift worker 10 42 8 20 19 0 0 52 39 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 30 49 5 12 4 0 0 79 17 5310
2020 Shift worker 14 47 11 19 10 0 0 61 29 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 28 49 5 13 4 0 0 77 17 6905

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 11 22 12 23 31 0 0 33 55 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 33 33 8 14 12 0 0 66 26 5175
2022 Shift worker 11 28 12 22 26 0 1 40 48 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 35 36 8 13 8 0 1 72 20 5305
2020 Shift worker 13 32 14 24 16 0 0 46 41 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 33 39 9 13 5 0 0 72 19 6895
2019 Shift worker 11 31 15 23 20 0 0 43 43 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 36 37 8 12 6 0 0 74 19 6465

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 8 23 12 25 32 0 0 31 57 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 29 37 11 13 9 0 0 67 22 5180
2022 Shift worker 10 31 14 20 25 0 0 41 45 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 32 40 11 11 6 0 0 72 17 5295
2020 Shift worker 12 32 15 23 17 0 0 44 41 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 33 40 11 12 4 0 0 73 16 6855
2019 Shift worker 11 33 14 23 18 0 0 45 42 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 32 40 12 11 5 0 0 72 16 6420

Use of official languages

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 57 19 8 3 6 1 6 81 10 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 73 15 5 3 2 0 2 90 5 5185

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 59 20 8 3 4 0 5 84 8 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 68 17 6 4 2 0 2 87 7 5170

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 67 15 6 1 4 1 5 87 6 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 83 9 3 1 2 0 3 94 2 5185
2022 Shift worker 67 14 7 1 5 1 5 86 6 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 82 10 3 1 1 0 3 95 2 5310
2019 Shift worker 67 16 9 1 3 0 3 86 5 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 83 9 3 1 1 0 2 94 2 6430

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 24 12 7 7 15 23 11 55 34 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 32 16 8 6 9 19 9 67 21 5180
2022 Shift worker 25 12 7 7 11 27 10 59 29 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 34 16 9 5 7 21 9 71 17 5305
2020 Shift worker 18 12 11 9 16 24 10 45 38 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 33 16 10 6 8 19 9 67 19 6890
2019 Shift worker 21 12 11 9 17 23 6 48 37 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 34 16 11 8 8 19 6 65 21 6465

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 39 61 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 22 78 5180
2022 Shift worker 38 62 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 19 81 5305
2020 Shift worker 34 66 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 18 82 6880
2019 Shift worker 36 64 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 20 80 6450

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 57 43 425
2024 Non-shift worker 52 48 1045
2022 Shift worker 59 41 465
2022 Non-shift worker 53 47 930
2020 Shift worker 61 39 545
2020 Non-shift worker 53 47 1130
2019 Shift worker 57 43 680
2019 Non-shift worker 56 44 1225

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 68 32 425
2024 Non-shift worker 53 47 1045
2022 Shift worker 64 36 465
2022 Non-shift worker 52 48 930
2020 Shift worker 67 33 545
2020 Non-shift worker 54 46 1130
2019 Shift worker 71 29 680
2019 Non-shift worker 58 42 1225

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 5 95 425
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 1045
2022 Shift worker 4 96 465
2022 Non-shift worker 12 88 930
2020 Shift worker 7 93 545
2020 Non-shift worker 12 88 1130
2019 Shift worker 10 90 680
2019 Non-shift worker 13 87 1225

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 46 54 425
2024 Non-shift worker 17 83 1045
2022 Shift worker 44 56 465
2022 Non-shift worker 18 82 930
2020 Shift worker 43 57 545
2020 Non-shift worker 16 84 1130
2019 Shift worker 49 51 680
2019 Non-shift worker 16 84 1225

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 13 87 425
2024 Non-shift worker 12 88 1045
2022 Shift worker 11 89 465
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 930
2020 Shift worker 13 87 545
2020 Non-shift worker 10 90 1130
2019 Shift worker 13 87 680
2019 Non-shift worker 8 92 1225

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 16 84 425
2024 Non-shift worker 5 95 1045
2022 Shift worker 12 88 465
2022 Non-shift worker 6 94 930
2020 Shift worker 16 84 545
2020 Non-shift worker 4 96 1130
2019 Shift worker 17 83 680
2019 Non-shift worker 5 95 1225

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 5 95 425
2024 Non-shift worker 4 96 1045
2022 Shift worker 4 96 465
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 930
2020 Shift worker 3 97 545
2020 Non-shift worker 3 97 1130
2019 Shift worker 6 94 680
2019 Non-shift worker 5 95 1225

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 56 44 425
2024 Non-shift worker 39 61 1045
2022 Shift worker 46 54 465
2022 Non-shift worker 36 64 930
2020 Shift worker 49 51 545
2020 Non-shift worker 37 63 1130
2019 Shift worker 52 48 670
2019 Non-shift worker 37 63 1210

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 47 53 425
2024 Non-shift worker 39 61 1045
2022 Shift worker 37 63 465
2022 Non-shift worker 37 63 930
2020 Shift worker 42 58 545
2020 Non-shift worker 39 61 1130
2019 Shift worker 41 59 670
2019 Non-shift worker 39 61 1210

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 58 42 425
2024 Non-shift worker 47 53 1045
2022 Shift worker 51 49 465
2022 Non-shift worker 52 48 930
2020 Shift worker 53 47 545
2020 Non-shift worker 49 51 1130
2019 Shift worker 53 47 670
2019 Non-shift worker 49 51 1210

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 53 47 425
2024 Non-shift worker 38 62 1045
2022 Shift worker 52 48 465
2022 Non-shift worker 39 61 930
2020 Shift worker 49 51 545
2020 Non-shift worker 41 59 1130
2019 Shift worker 49 51 670
2019 Non-shift worker 41 59 1210

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 36 64 425
2024 Non-shift worker 31 69 1045
2022 Shift worker 33 67 465
2022 Non-shift worker 33 67 930
2020 Shift worker 33 67 545
2020 Non-shift worker 34 66 1130
2019 Shift worker 34 66 670
2019 Non-shift worker 33 67 1210

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 70 30 425
2024 Non-shift worker 58 42 1045
2022 Shift worker 69 31 465
2022 Non-shift worker 56 44 930
2020 Shift worker 67 33 545
2020 Non-shift worker 56 44 1130
2019 Shift worker 64 36 670
2019 Non-shift worker 58 42 1210

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 56 44 425
2024 Non-shift worker 44 56 1045
2022 Shift worker 53 47 465
2022 Non-shift worker 40 60 930
2020 Shift worker 55 45 545
2020 Non-shift worker 44 56 1130
2019 Shift worker 50 50 670
2019 Non-shift worker 41 59 1210

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 21 79 425
2024 Non-shift worker 2 98 1045
2022 Shift worker 12 88 465
2022 Non-shift worker 2 98 930
2020 Shift worker 12 88 545
2020 Non-shift worker 1 99 1130
2019 Shift worker 12 88 670
2019 Non-shift worker 2 98 1210

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 26 74 425
2024 Non-shift worker 10 90 1045
2022 Shift worker 20 80 465
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 930
2020 Shift worker 19 81 545
2020 Non-shift worker 8 92 1130
2019 Shift worker 22 78 670
2019 Non-shift worker 9 91 1210

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 41 59 425
2024 Non-shift worker 15 85 1045
2022 Shift worker 31 69 465
2022 Non-shift worker 15 85 930
2020 Shift worker 29 71 545
2020 Non-shift worker 14 86 1130
2019 Shift worker 30 70 670
2019 Non-shift worker 15 85 1210

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 68 32 425
2024 Non-shift worker 56 44 1045
2022 Shift worker 65 35 465
2022 Non-shift worker 50 50 930
2020 Shift worker 65 35 545
2020 Non-shift worker 53 47 1130
2019 Shift worker 60 40 670
2019 Non-shift worker 50 50 1210

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 50 50 425
2024 Non-shift worker 26 74 1045
2022 Shift worker 42 58 465
2022 Non-shift worker 25 75 930
2020 Shift worker 42 58 545
2020 Non-shift worker 27 73 1130
2019 Shift worker 43 57 670
2019 Non-shift worker 27 73 1210

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 20 80 425
2024 Non-shift worker 15 85 1045
2022 Shift worker 18 82 465
2022 Non-shift worker 16 84 930
2020 Shift worker 18 82 545
2020 Non-shift worker 19 81 1130
2019 Shift worker 20 80 670
2019 Non-shift worker 19 81 1210

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 33 67 425
2024 Non-shift worker 52 48 1045
2022 Shift worker 30 70 465
2022 Non-shift worker 54 46 925
2020 Shift worker 39 61 545
2020 Non-shift worker 53 47 1130
2019 Shift worker 39 61 665
2019 Non-shift worker 54 46 1205

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 24 76 425
2024 Non-shift worker 24 76 1045
2022 Shift worker 25 75 465
2022 Non-shift worker 29 71 925
2020 Shift worker 29 71 545
2020 Non-shift worker 28 72 1130
2019 Shift worker 31 69 665
2019 Non-shift worker 30 70 1205

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 6 94 425
2024 Non-shift worker 6 94 1045
2022 Shift worker 5 95 465
2022 Non-shift worker 6 94 925
2020 Shift worker 8 92 545
2020 Non-shift worker 6 94 1130
2019 Shift worker 8 92 665
2019 Non-shift worker 8 92 1205

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 33 67 425
2024 Non-shift worker 24 76 1045
2022 Shift worker 31 69 465
2022 Non-shift worker 21 79 925
2020 Shift worker 31 69 545
2020 Non-shift worker 22 78 1130
2019 Shift worker 35 65 665
2019 Non-shift worker 25 75 1205

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 15 85 425
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 1045
2022 Shift worker 15 85 465
2022 Non-shift worker 11 89 925
2020 Shift worker 14 86 545
2020 Non-shift worker 15 85 1130
2019 Shift worker 15 85 665
2019 Non-shift worker 12 88 1205

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 15 85 425
2024 Non-shift worker 10 90 1045
2022 Shift worker 14 86 465
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 925
2020 Shift worker 11 89 545
2020 Non-shift worker 8 92 1130
2019 Shift worker 15 85 665
2019 Non-shift worker 9 91 1205

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 19 81 425
2024 Non-shift worker 12 88 1045
2022 Shift worker 17 83 465
2022 Non-shift worker 14 86 925
2020 Shift worker 21 79 545
2020 Non-shift worker 14 86 1130
2019 Shift worker 24 76 665
2019 Non-shift worker 15 85 1205

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 14 86 425
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 1045
2022 Shift worker 13 87 465
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 925
2020 Shift worker 12 88 545
2020 Non-shift worker 11 89 1130
2019 Shift worker 16 84 665
2019 Non-shift worker 13 87 1205

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 36 64 425
2024 Non-shift worker 27 73 1045
2022 Shift worker 34 66 465
2022 Non-shift worker 28 72 925
2020 Shift worker 32 68 545
2020 Non-shift worker 27 73 1130
2019 Shift worker 26 74 665
2019 Non-shift worker 24 76 1205

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 8 92 365
2024 Non-shift worker 8 92 940
2022 Shift worker 7 93 400
2022 Non-shift worker 10 90 850
2020 Shift worker 8 92 485
2020 Non-shift worker 10 90 1045
2019 Shift worker 13 87 570
2019 Non-shift worker 11 89 1100

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 8 92 365
2024 Non-shift worker 14 86 940
2022 Shift worker 13 87 400
2022 Non-shift worker 17 83 850
2020 Shift worker 14 86 485
2020 Non-shift worker 15 85 1045
2019 Shift worker 14 86 570
2019 Non-shift worker 17 83 1100

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 8 92 365
2024 Non-shift worker 7 93 940
2022 Shift worker 8 92 400
2022 Non-shift worker 7 93 850
2020 Shift worker 8 92 485
2020 Non-shift worker 11 89 1045
2019 Shift worker 9 91 570
2019 Non-shift worker 9 91 1100

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 3 97 365
2024 Non-shift worker 5 95 940
2022 Shift worker 5 95 400
2022 Non-shift worker 6 94 850
2020 Shift worker 6 94 485
2020 Non-shift worker 7 93 1045
2019 Shift worker 5 95 570
2019 Non-shift worker 5 95 1100

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 2 98 365
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 940
2022 Shift worker 3 97 400
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 850
2020 Shift worker 6 94 485
2020 Non-shift worker 10 90 1045
2019 Shift worker 4 96 570
2019 Non-shift worker 10 90 1100

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 5 95 365
2024 Non-shift worker 6 94 940
2022 Shift worker 4 96 400
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 850
2020 Shift worker 5 95 485
2020 Non-shift worker 5 95 1045
2019 Shift worker 4 96 570
2019 Non-shift worker 9 91 1100

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 2 98 365
2024 Non-shift worker 6 94 940
2022 Shift worker 3 97 400
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 850
2020 Shift worker 3 97 485
2020 Non-shift worker 7 93 1045
2019 Shift worker 2 98 570
2019 Non-shift worker 10 90 1100

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 12 88 365
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 940
2022 Shift worker 18 82 400
2022 Non-shift worker 10 90 850
2020 Shift worker 15 85 485
2020 Non-shift worker 10 90 1045
2019 Shift worker 11 89 570
2019 Non-shift worker 9 91 1100

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 11 89 365
2024 Non-shift worker 9 91 940
2022 Shift worker 13 87 400
2022 Non-shift worker 12 88 850
2020 Shift worker 14 86 485
2020 Non-shift worker 13 87 1045
2019 Shift worker 14 86 570
2019 Non-shift worker 14 86 1100

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 39 61 365
2024 Non-shift worker 30 70 940
2022 Shift worker 39 61 400
2022 Non-shift worker 33 67 850
2020 Shift worker 45 55 485
2020 Non-shift worker 33 67 1045
2019 Shift worker 38 62 570
2019 Non-shift worker 35 65 1100

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 14 86 365
2024 Non-shift worker 8 92 940
2022 Shift worker 15 85 400
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 850
2020 Shift worker 14 86 485
2020 Non-shift worker 10 90 1045
2019 Shift worker 13 87 570
2019 Non-shift worker 13 87 1100

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 59 41 365
2024 Non-shift worker 46 54 940
2022 Shift worker 57 43 400
2022 Non-shift worker 50 50 850
2020 Shift worker 61 39 485
2020 Non-shift worker 50 50 1045
2019 Shift worker 52 48 570
2019 Non-shift worker 52 48 1100

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 5 95 365
2024 Non-shift worker 1 99 940
2022 Shift worker 4 96 400
2022 Non-shift worker 2 98 850
2020 Shift worker 3 97 485
2020 Non-shift worker 2 98 1045
2019 Shift worker 3 97 570
2019 Non-shift worker 2 98 1100

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 65 35 365
2024 Non-shift worker 61 39 940
2022 Shift worker 70 30 400
2022 Non-shift worker 60 40 850
2020 Shift worker 67 33 485
2020 Non-shift worker 61 39 1045
2019 Shift worker 65 35 570
2019 Non-shift worker 61 39 1100

Question 62o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 4 96 365
2024 Non-shift worker 6 94 940

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 20 80 365
2024 Non-shift worker 13 87 940
2022 Shift worker 20 80 400
2022 Non-shift worker 15 85 850
2020 Shift worker 14 86 485
2020 Non-shift worker 15 85 1045
2019 Shift worker 13 87 570
2019 Non-shift worker 14 86 1100

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 7 11 16 15 35 11 5 21 60 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 10 15 17 12 16 22 7 36 40 5180
2022 Shift worker 7 11 17 14 31 15 5 22 56 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 12 17 17 11 14 23 6 41 35 5305
2020 Shift worker 7 15 20 18 29 8 2 24 53 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 16 21 20 12 11 15 4 46 28 6890
2019 Shift worker 6 16 21 17 31 7 2 24 53 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 14 22 21 13 13 13 4 43 31 6475

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 10 15 17 17 34 6 2 27 55 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 19 28 17 13 14 8 1 52 29 5185
2022 Shift worker 11 17 17 16 31 7 2 30 51 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 22 30 17 12 10 8 1 56 25 5300
2020 Shift worker 10 22 19 18 26 4 0 34 46 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 26 31 19 11 9 4 1 59 21 6875
2019 Shift worker 10 22 22 17 26 3 0 33 44 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 25 32 19 11 9 3 1 59 21 6460

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 31 69 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 14 86 5185
2022 Shift worker 25 75 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 12 88 5300
2020 Shift worker 21 79 1695
2020 Non-shift worker 10 90 6875
2019 Shift worker 22 78 1955
2019 Non-shift worker 9 91 6450

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 38 62 325
2024 Non-shift worker 34 66 645
2022 Shift worker 39 61 310
2022 Non-shift worker 37 63 550
2020 Shift worker 49 51 320
2020 Non-shift worker 40 60 620
2019 Shift worker 47 53 395
2019 Non-shift worker 44 56 555

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 82 18 325
2024 Non-shift worker 75 25 645
2022 Shift worker 73 27 310
2022 Non-shift worker 75 25 550
2020 Shift worker 76 24 320
2020 Non-shift worker 74 26 620
2019 Shift worker 79 21 395
2019 Non-shift worker 78 22 555

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 5 95 325
2024 Non-shift worker 5 95 645
2022 Shift worker 6 94 310
2022 Non-shift worker 5 95 550
2020 Shift worker 7 93 320
2020 Non-shift worker 7 93 620
2019 Shift worker 6 94 395
2019 Non-shift worker 8 92 555

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 31 69 325
2024 Non-shift worker 9 91 645
2022 Shift worker 29 71 310
2022 Non-shift worker 11 89 550
2020 Shift worker 30 70 320
2020 Non-shift worker 10 90 620
2019 Shift worker 31 69 395
2019 Non-shift worker 13 87 555

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 15 85 325
2024 Non-shift worker 12 88 645
2022 Shift worker 14 86 310
2022 Non-shift worker 10 90 550
2020 Shift worker 13 87 320
2020 Non-shift worker 12 88 620
2019 Shift worker 13 87 395
2019 Non-shift worker 9 91 555

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 13 87 325
2024 Non-shift worker 6 94 645
2022 Shift worker 12 88 310
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 550
2020 Shift worker 13 87 320
2020 Non-shift worker 5 95 620
2019 Shift worker 12 88 395
2019 Non-shift worker 7 93 555

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 9 91 325
2024 Non-shift worker 10 90 645
2022 Shift worker 12 88 310
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 550
2020 Shift worker 9 91 320
2020 Non-shift worker 6 94 620
2019 Shift worker 7 93 395
2019 Non-shift worker 11 89 555

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 50 50 315
2024 Non-shift worker 33 67 635
2022 Shift worker 41 59 305
2022 Non-shift worker 26 74 550
2020 Shift worker 40 60 320
2020 Non-shift worker 25 75 620
2019 Shift worker 42 58 385
2019 Non-shift worker 30 70 540

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 30 70 315
2024 Non-shift worker 20 80 635
2022 Shift worker 25 75 305
2022 Non-shift worker 18 82 550
2020 Shift worker 22 78 320
2020 Non-shift worker 14 86 620
2019 Shift worker 28 72 385
2019 Non-shift worker 18 82 540

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 37 63 315
2024 Non-shift worker 17 83 635
2022 Shift worker 28 72 305
2022 Non-shift worker 13 87 550
2020 Shift worker 31 69 320
2020 Non-shift worker 12 88 620
2019 Shift worker 30 70 385
2019 Non-shift worker 14 86 540

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 18 82 315
2024 Non-shift worker 8 92 635
2022 Shift worker 14 86 305
2022 Non-shift worker 7 93 550
2020 Shift worker 12 88 320
2020 Non-shift worker 4 96 620
2019 Shift worker 11 89 385
2019 Non-shift worker 8 92 540

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 27 73 315
2024 Non-shift worker 24 76 635
2022 Shift worker 24 76 305
2022 Non-shift worker 20 80 550
2020 Shift worker 21 79 320
2020 Non-shift worker 19 81 620
2019 Shift worker 23 77 385
2019 Non-shift worker 21 79 540

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 46 54 315
2024 Non-shift worker 32 68 635
2022 Shift worker 39 61 305
2022 Non-shift worker 26 74 550
2020 Shift worker 40 60 320
2020 Non-shift worker 25 75 620
2019 Shift worker 41 59 385
2019 Non-shift worker 28 72 540

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 10 90 315
2024 Non-shift worker 7 93 635
2022 Shift worker 6 94 305
2022 Non-shift worker 6 94 550
2020 Shift worker 10 90 320
2020 Non-shift worker 6 94 620
2019 Shift worker 6 94 385
2019 Non-shift worker 5 95 540

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 4 96 315
2024 Non-shift worker 3 97 635
2022 Shift worker 5 95 305
2022 Non-shift worker 3 97 550
2020 Shift worker 5 95 320
2020 Non-shift worker 3 97 620
2019 Shift worker 3 97 385
2019 Non-shift worker 3 97 540

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 12 88 315
2024 Non-shift worker 8 92 635
2022 Shift worker 12 88 305
2022 Non-shift worker 7 93 550
2020 Shift worker 12 88 320
2020 Non-shift worker 8 92 620
2019 Shift worker 12 88 385
2019 Non-shift worker 10 90 540

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 19 81 315
2024 Non-shift worker 17 83 635
2022 Shift worker 16 84 305
2022 Non-shift worker 15 85 550
2020 Shift worker 17 83 320
2020 Non-shift worker 17 83 620
2019 Shift worker 17 83 385
2019 Non-shift worker 14 86 540

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 4 96 315
2024 Non-shift worker 1 99 635
2022 Shift worker 5 95 305
2022 Non-shift worker 2 98 550
2019 Shift worker 3 97 385
2019 Non-shift worker 1 99 540

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 17 83 315
2024 Non-shift worker 25 75 635
2022 Shift worker 18 82 305
2022 Non-shift worker 28 72 550
2020 Shift worker 14 86 320
2020 Non-shift worker 26 74 620
2019 Shift worker 15 85 385
2019 Non-shift worker 25 75 540

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 Shift worker 1 99 305
2022 Non-shift worker 0 100 550

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 21 79 325
2024 Non-shift worker 34 66 645
2022 Shift worker 24 76 310
2022 Non-shift worker 36 64 550
2020 Shift worker 26 74 320
2020 Non-shift worker 35 65 620
2019 Shift worker 25 75 385
2019 Non-shift worker 35 65 535

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 11 89 325
2024 Non-shift worker 14 86 645
2022 Shift worker 12 88 310
2022 Non-shift worker 17 83 550
2020 Shift worker 17 83 320
2020 Non-shift worker 18 82 620
2019 Shift worker 19 81 385
2019 Non-shift worker 19 81 535

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 4 96 325
2024 Non-shift worker 5 95 645
2022 Shift worker 2 98 310
2022 Non-shift worker 5 95 550
2020 Shift worker 6 94 320
2020 Non-shift worker 4 96 620
2019 Shift worker 6 94 385
2019 Non-shift worker 6 94 535

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 20 80 325
2024 Non-shift worker 21 79 645
2022 Shift worker 21 79 310
2022 Non-shift worker 23 77 550
2020 Shift worker 26 74 320
2020 Non-shift worker 21 79 620
2019 Shift worker 25 75 385
2019 Non-shift worker 20 80 535

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 6 94 325
2024 Non-shift worker 5 95 645
2022 Shift worker 9 91 310
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 550
2020 Shift worker 9 91 320
2020 Non-shift worker 7 93 620
2019 Shift worker 7 93 385
2019 Non-shift worker 5 95 535

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 10 90 325
2024 Non-shift worker 11 89 645
2022 Shift worker 10 90 310
2022 Non-shift worker 11 89 550
2020 Shift worker 9 91 320
2020 Non-shift worker 8 92 620
2019 Shift worker 8 92 385
2019 Non-shift worker 8 92 535

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 12 88 325
2024 Non-shift worker 7 93 645
2022 Shift worker 12 88 310
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 550
2020 Shift worker 13 87 320
2020 Non-shift worker 9 91 620
2019 Shift worker 13 87 385
2019 Non-shift worker 12 88 535

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 9 91 325
2024 Non-shift worker 7 93 645
2022 Shift worker 14 86 310
2022 Non-shift worker 8 92 550
2020 Shift worker 11 89 320
2020 Non-shift worker 8 92 620
2019 Shift worker 11 89 385
2019 Non-shift worker 8 92 535

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 54 46 325
2024 Non-shift worker 48 52 645
2022 Shift worker 46 54 310
2022 Non-shift worker 46 54 550
2020 Shift worker 46 54 320
2020 Non-shift worker 42 58 620
2019 Shift worker 43 57 385
2019 Non-shift worker 42 58 535

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 5 95 290
2024 Non-shift worker 5 95 580
2022 Shift worker 9 91 280
2022 Non-shift worker 5 95 500
2020 Shift worker 6 94 290
2020 Non-shift worker 6 94 575
2019 Shift worker 6 94 330
2019 Non-shift worker 5 95 460

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 6 94 290
2024 Non-shift worker 10 90 580
2022 Shift worker 11 89 280
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 500
2020 Shift worker 9 91 290
2020 Non-shift worker 12 88 575
2019 Shift worker 8 92 330
2019 Non-shift worker 11 89 460

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 3 97 290
2024 Non-shift worker 2 98 580
2022 Shift worker 5 95 280
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 500
2020 Shift worker 4 96 290
2020 Non-shift worker 4 96 575
2019 Shift worker 5 95 330
2019 Non-shift worker 3 97 460

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 2 98 290
2024 Non-shift worker 3 97 580
2022 Shift worker 4 96 280
2022 Non-shift worker 2 98 500
2020 Shift worker 3 97 290
2020 Non-shift worker 3 97 575
2019 Shift worker 3 97 330
2019 Non-shift worker 3 97 460

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Non-shift worker 4 96 580
2022 Shift worker 2 98 280
2022 Non-shift worker 2 98 500
2020 Shift worker 3 97 290
2020 Non-shift worker 2 98 575

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 2 98 290
2024 Non-shift worker 4 96 580
2022 Shift worker 2 98 280
2022 Non-shift worker 4 96 500
2019 Shift worker 3 97 330
2019 Non-shift worker 4 96 460

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 3 97 290
2024 Non-shift worker 4 96 580
2022 Shift worker 1 99 280
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 500
2020 Shift worker 3 97 290
2020 Non-shift worker 5 95 575
2019 Shift worker 2 98 330
2019 Non-shift worker 7 93 460

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 12 88 290
2024 Non-shift worker 10 90 580
2022 Shift worker 17 83 280
2022 Non-shift worker 9 91 500
2020 Shift worker 12 88 290
2020 Non-shift worker 12 88 575
2019 Shift worker 10 90 330
2019 Non-shift worker 11 89 460

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 9 91 290
2024 Non-shift worker 9 91 580
2022 Shift worker 14 86 280
2022 Non-shift worker 11 89 500
2020 Shift worker 15 85 290
2020 Non-shift worker 12 88 575
2019 Shift worker 12 88 330
2019 Non-shift worker 12 88 460

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 35 65 290
2024 Non-shift worker 28 72 580
2022 Shift worker 31 69 280
2022 Non-shift worker 27 73 500
2020 Shift worker 36 64 290
2020 Non-shift worker 30 70 575
2019 Shift worker 36 64 330
2019 Non-shift worker 37 63 460

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 14 86 290
2024 Non-shift worker 9 91 580
2022 Shift worker 12 88 280
2022 Non-shift worker 11 89 500
2020 Shift worker 13 87 290
2020 Non-shift worker 11 89 575
2019 Shift worker 12 88 330
2019 Non-shift worker 12 88 460

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 55 45 290
2024 Non-shift worker 47 53 580
2022 Shift worker 47 53 280
2022 Non-shift worker 45 55 500
2020 Shift worker 52 48 290
2020 Non-shift worker 50 50 575
2019 Shift worker 49 51 330
2019 Non-shift worker 51 49 460

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 4 96 290
2024 Non-shift worker 2 98 580
2022 Shift worker 4 96 280
2022 Non-shift worker 3 97 500
2020 Shift worker 4 96 290
2020 Non-shift worker 2 98 575
2019 Shift worker 3 97 330
2019 Non-shift worker 3 97 460

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 72 28 290
2024 Non-shift worker 66 34 580
2022 Shift worker 70 30 280
2022 Non-shift worker 62 38 500
2020 Shift worker 70 30 290
2020 Non-shift worker 64 36 575
2019 Shift worker 70 30 330
2019 Non-shift worker 66 34 460

Question 69o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 2 98 290
2024 Non-shift worker 4 96 580

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 15 85 290
2024 Non-shift worker 13 87 580
2022 Shift worker 16 84 280
2022 Non-shift worker 17 83 500
2020 Shift worker 12 88 290
2020 Non-shift worker 12 88 575
2019 Shift worker 11 89 330
2019 Non-shift worker 11 89 460

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 7 12 23 13 28 12 5 23 49 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 13 17 22 8 11 23 6 42 27 5180
2022 Shift worker 7 13 26 11 24 16 4 25 43 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 14 19 22 8 9 24 5 47 23 5310
2020 Shift worker 8 16 28 14 20 12 3 28 39 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 18 22 23 8 6 18 4 52 18 6880
2019 Shift worker 8 18 27 14 22 10 2 29 40 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 17 22 26 7 7 17 5 50 17 6450

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 10 18 20 15 28 7 2 31 47 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 21 28 20 9 10 10 2 55 22 5185
2022 Shift worker 11 18 22 13 25 8 2 33 42 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 23 31 19 9 8 9 1 60 18 5295
2020 Shift worker 11 22 25 14 19 6 1 36 36 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 28 31 21 8 6 6 1 63 14 6870
2019 Shift worker 12 23 25 13 20 5 1 37 36 1955
2019 Non-shift worker 28 32 21 6 6 6 1 64 13 6445

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 24 76 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 21 79 5180
2022 Shift worker 22 78 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 18 82 5295
2020 Shift worker 20 80 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 17 83 6870
2019 Shift worker 23 77 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 21 79 6455

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 52 48 265
2024 Non-shift worker 62 38 1060
2022 Shift worker 59 41 290
2022 Non-shift worker 64 36 880
2020 Shift worker 53 47 310
2020 Non-shift worker 59 41 1110

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 59 41 265
2024 Non-shift worker 70 30 1060
2022 Shift worker 71 29 290
2022 Non-shift worker 70 30 880
2020 Shift worker 75 25 310
2020 Non-shift worker 80 20 1115
2019 Shift worker 74 26 440
2019 Non-shift worker 80 20 1295

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 28 31 13 12 12 3 1 62 25 160
2024 Non-shift worker 36 35 10 9 9 1 0 72 18 745
2022 Shift worker 33 27 11 15 13 1 0 60 28 205
2022 Non-shift worker 36 34 10 9 11 0 0 70 20 625
2020 Shift worker 33 32 14 12 9 0 0 65 21 235
2020 Non-shift worker 40 37 9 9 5 1 0 77 14 885
2019 Shift worker 34 33 12 14 8 0 0 67 22 315
2019 Non-shift worker 44 31 7 10 6 1 0 76 17 1010

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 17 28 16 14 19 3 3 48 35 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 36 33 11 9 7 3 2 72 16 5185
2022 Shift worker 17 29 14 15 16 6 3 51 34 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 38 35 9 8 6 3 2 76 15 5305
2020 Shift worker 18 27 16 17 16 3 3 48 35 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 40 34 11 7 5 2 1 76 13 6880
Top of page

Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 22 28 11 12 24 2 1 51 37 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 48 29 6 7 8 1 0 79 15 5185
2022 Shift worker 21 29 13 12 22 1 1 51 35 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 48 30 8 7 7 1 0 79 13 5310
2020 Shift worker 18 29 15 14 23 1 0 47 38 1695
2020 Non-shift worker 44 31 10 9 6 0 0 75 15 6850

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 12 15 18 8 24 7 17 42 35 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 5 9 16 9 34 5 22 59 19 5165
2022 Shift worker 9 13 20 7 27 7 17 45 29 1325
2022 Non-shift worker 5 7 14 9 37 5 22 63 17 5295

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 10 27 17 18 26 1 1 37 45 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 20 39 17 11 11 2 0 60 22 5180
2022 Shift worker 10 30 19 17 22 3 1 40 40 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 20 39 18 12 8 2 0 61 20 5305
2020 Shift worker 11 32 21 18 17 1 0 43 36 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 26 42 16 10 4 1 0 69 14 6890
2019 Shift worker 10 34 21 18 17 1 0 44 35 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 23 44 17 10 5 1 0 68 15 6450

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?

Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)
Very good
(%)
Good
(%)
Fair
(%)
Poor
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 8 18 33 26 15 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 8 23 36 24 9 5185
2022 Shift worker 9 23 33 24 12 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 9 25 38 22 7 5305

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 20 24 21 11 17 5 3 47 31 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 47 29 10 5 6 3 1 78 11 5185
2022 Shift worker 18 25 19 10 18 8 1 48 30 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 45 30 12 5 5 3 0 77 10 5315
2020 Shift worker 18 23 24 11 18 6 1 43 31 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 42 30 14 6 6 3 1 74 12 6860

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 19 22 11 15 29 2 1 43 46 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 42 27 8 10 12 1 0 71 22 5185
2022 Shift worker 18 25 11 14 29 2 1 44 44 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 41 27 9 10 11 1 0 70 21 5310
2020 Shift worker 15 23 14 16 30 1 0 39 47 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 35 30 12 12 10 1 0 66 22 6875

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 5 9 9 15 61 1 0 14 77 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 14 29 15 18 23 1 0 44 41 5180
2022 Shift worker 5 12 12 18 52 1 0 17 71 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 17 31 16 17 18 1 0 48 35 5305
2020 Shift worker 6 13 13 20 48 1 0 18 69 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 22 29 17 17 14 1 0 52 31 6890
2019 Shift worker 4 11 13 22 48 1 0 16 71 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 15 29 19 20 16 1 0 45 36 6450

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 15 37 20 13 15 1 0 52 28 115
2024 Non-shift worker 17 51 12 13 5 1 0 69 18 1395
2022 Shift worker 13 43 16 20 8 0 0 56 28 140
2022 Non-shift worker 16 51 13 15 5 0 0 68 19 1445
2020 Shift worker 15 41 17 22 5 0 0 56 27 180
2020 Non-shift worker 20 50 14 12 3 0 1 70 16 1750
2019 Shift worker 10 45 19 14 11 1 1 56 26 175
2019 Non-shift worker 18 49 15 12 5 1 1 68 17 1600

Work-related stress

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 12 15 16 15 41 0 1 12 88 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 21 27 20 12 18 0 2 22 78 5150
2022 Shift worker 18 20 19 11 30 1 2 1325
2022 Non-shift worker 19 26 21 13 20 0 1 5290
2020 Shift worker 17 21 21 16 25 0 0 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 21 25 23 14 16 0 0 6875
2019 Shift worker 14 18 20 15 32 0 1 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 15 22 21 16 25 0 1 6455

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 19 26 26 13 13 1 3 20 80 1190
2024 Non-shift worker 16 26 24 15 18 0 1 16 84 5150
2022 Shift worker 25 30 21 11 10 1 2 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 16 24 25 17 18 0 0 5290
2020 Shift worker 24 30 25 10 9 0 1 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 17 24 26 18 15 0 0 6885
2019 Shift worker 23 30 25 11 9 0 2 1970
2019 Non-shift worker 15 25 26 17 15 0 0 6470

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 26 23 19 9 12 1 10 29 71 1185
2024 Non-shift worker 24 29 21 13 11 0 2 24 76 5165
2022 Shift worker 34 25 17 7 9 1 7 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 24 31 22 11 10 1 1 5290
2020 Shift worker 36 28 19 6 7 0 5 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 26 31 23 12 8 0 1 6880
2019 Shift worker 30 31 19 7 8 1 5 1945
2019 Non-shift worker 23 32 24 12 9 0 1 6420

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 17 19 21 15 25 1 3 17 83 1190
2024 Non-shift worker 20 22 20 16 20 1 2 20 80 5160
2022 Shift worker 18 21 19 16 23 1 2 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 18 22 21 17 20 1 1 5295
2020 Shift worker 15 18 22 18 26 0 1 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 20 24 22 16 15 0 1 6865
2019 Shift worker 11 18 21 19 30 0 1 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 17 22 22 18 20 0 1 6435

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 29 23 18 10 15 1 4 31 69 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 47 21 11 5 6 0 11 53 47 5160
2022 Shift worker 30 24 15 10 17 1 3 1325
2022 Non-shift worker 47 22 11 6 6 1 8 5290
2020 Shift worker 27 22 18 13 18 0 1 1695
2020 Non-shift worker 46 23 13 7 5 0 5 6845
2019 Shift worker 27 25 18 11 17 1 2 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 48 22 13 6 5 0 7 6435

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 18 21 21 15 23 1 2 18 82 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 28 26 19 11 16 0 1 28 72 5170
2022 Shift worker 20 26 20 14 17 1 2 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 28 28 20 10 13 0 1 5295
2020 Shift worker 19 21 23 16 19 0 1 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 29 28 20 11 10 0 1 6875
2019 Shift worker 20 23 25 12 19 0 1 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 31 29 20 10 9 0 1 6445

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 12 19 21 17 27 1 2 13 87 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 26 30 20 10 11 1 1 27 73 5165
2022 Shift worker 16 21 22 13 24 1 2 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 28 32 20 10 8 1 1 5290
2020 Shift worker 15 22 24 20 18 1 1 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 28 33 21 10 6 0 1 6860
2019 Shift worker 13 23 25 17 20 1 1 1955
2019 Non-shift worker 26 35 23 10 5 1 1 6450

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 14 19 20 16 28 1 2 15 85 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 21 30 22 13 13 1 1 21 79 5170
2022 Shift worker 17 22 19 17 22 1 2 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 22 31 22 12 10 1 1 5305
2020 Shift worker 13 19 24 20 23 1 0 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 21 31 24 15 9 0 1 6855
2019 Shift worker 13 21 24 19 21 1 1 1955
2019 Non-shift worker 20 33 25 13 8 0 1 6445

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 15 21 16 17 28 1 2 15 85 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 30 30 19 10 9 0 1 31 69 5165
2022 Shift worker 16 22 20 14 24 1 2 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 30 34 17 9 8 1 1 5300
2020 Shift worker 15 20 23 19 21 1 0 1685
2020 Non-shift worker 29 32 21 10 7 0 1 6860
2019 Shift worker 15 22 25 16 21 1 1 1950
2019 Non-shift worker 29 34 20 10 5 0 1 6435

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 15 17 14 13 39 1 2 15 85 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 36 25 16 9 13 0 1 36 64 5155
2022 Shift worker 16 20 17 12 31 1 2 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 37 28 15 8 10 1 1 5285
2020 Shift worker 18 18 19 17 28 0 0 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 38 27 15 10 9 0 1 6850
2019 Shift worker 17 20 21 14 25 1 1 1955
2019 Non-shift worker 37 29 17 9 7 0 1 6440

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 30 27 16 8 15 1 2 31 69 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 46 26 13 7 7 1 1 47 53 5165
2022 Shift worker 35 25 16 9 12 1 2 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 45 28 13 6 6 0 1 5300
2020 Shift worker 30 26 20 10 13 1 1 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 30 29 21 12 8 0 1 6870

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 29 30 17 8 12 2 2 30 70 1190
2024 Non-shift worker 30 30 19 10 8 1 1 31 69 5155
2022 Shift worker 33 28 16 9 10 2 2 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 29 32 20 9 8 1 1 5300
2020 Shift worker 26 27 21 11 14 1 1 1690
2020 Non-shift worker 25 30 23 13 8 0 1 6860
2019 Shift worker 26 29 23 10 10 1 1 1940
2019 Non-shift worker 27 32 22 11 7 0 1 6430

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 18 19 20 16 25 1 2 18 82 1190
2024 Non-shift worker 37 24 16 10 12 0 1 38 62 5155
2022 Shift worker 25 22 18 13 20 1 2 1325
2022 Non-shift worker 44 25 15 6 7 1 2 5295
2020 Shift worker 22 22 25 16 14 0 0 1685
2020 Non-shift worker 38 30 19 8 5 0 1 6835
2019 Shift worker 22 24 23 12 17 0 1 1950
2019 Non-shift worker 43 28 16 7 5 0 1 6430

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 22 26 19 12 18 1 3 22 78 1190
2024 Non-shift worker 40 32 15 6 6 0 1 41 59 5160
2022 Shift worker 31 29 16 8 12 2 2 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 43 32 14 5 4 0 1 5295
2020 Shift worker 34 31 18 7 8 1 1 1685
2020 Non-shift worker 37 32 18 7 4 0 1 6845

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 49 18 10 4 6 2 11 56 44 1185
2024 Non-shift worker 68 14 5 2 2 1 8 75 25 5155

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 42 18 12 5 12 2 9 47 53 1185
2024 Non-shift worker 60 16 7 4 6 1 7 65 35 5160

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 34 17 15 8 19 2 4 36 64 1190
2024 Non-shift worker 61 15 8 5 7 1 4 64 36 5170
2022 Shift worker 38 17 16 8 15 2 3 1325
2022 Non-shift worker 64 15 7 4 6 1 3 5300
2020 Shift worker 43 20 13 9 14 1 1 1685
2020 Non-shift worker 67 15 7 4 5 1 2 6840
2019 Shift worker 38 21 15 10 14 1 1 1960
2019 Non-shift worker 61 17 10 5 6 1 1 6440

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 33 28 16 8 11 1 3 34 66 1190
2024 Non-shift worker 52 25 11 5 4 0 2 54 46 5165
2022 Shift worker 36 29 18 6 8 1 2 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 55 26 10 4 3 0 2 5300
2020 Shift worker 37 30 17 7 8 0 1 1685
2020 Non-shift worker 56 25 10 4 3 0 1 6840
2019 Shift worker 33 34 17 7 8 0 1 1950
2019 Non-shift worker 47 31 13 5 3 0 1 6420

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 28 19 16 12 22 1 2 29 71 1190
2024 Non-shift worker 54 18 9 6 9 1 2 56 44 5165
2022 Shift worker 33 20 15 11 18 1 2 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 55 20 10 6 7 1 2 5285
2020 Shift worker 32 23 16 10 18 0 1 1685
2020 Non-shift worker 57 20 10 6 6 0 1 6845
2019 Shift worker 31 22 17 12 17 1 1 1945
2019 Non-shift worker 53 23 11 6 6 0 1 6415

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 48 11 5 2 4 1 29 68 32 1190
2024 Non-shift worker 55 13 5 2 2 0 22 72 28 5165
2022 Shift worker 52 13 5 2 3 1 25 1325
2022 Non-shift worker 57 13 6 2 2 0 20 5300
2020 Shift worker 50 13 7 1 2 1 25 1680
2020 Non-shift worker 57 14 6 3 1 0 19 6850
2019 Shift worker 50 13 7 2 3 1 23 1935
2019 Non-shift worker 52 15 8 3 1 0 21 6390

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 42 21 12 5 10 2 8 46 54 1190
2024 Non-shift worker 59 21 8 2 3 0 6 63 37 5155
2022 Shift worker 46 23 10 5 8 1 6 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 62 21 7 3 2 0 5 5290
2020 Shift worker 51 23 11 6 5 1 3 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 63 23 8 2 1 0 3 6880
2019 Shift worker 51 23 11 4 4 1 5 1945
2019 Non-shift worker 63 22 8 2 1 0 4 6400

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 60 15 7 3 6 1 7 65 35 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 60 16 8 4 7 1 4 63 37 5175
2022 Shift worker 65 15 5 3 5 2 6 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 67 13 6 4 5 1 4 5305
2020 Shift worker 72 14 5 2 3 1 3 1705
2020 Non-shift worker 68 15 7 4 5 0 2 6895
2019 Shift worker 72 13 5 3 3 1 4 1950
2019 Non-shift worker 68 15 6 3 5 0 2 6430

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 45 26 12 3 7 1 6 48 52 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 49 28 12 4 4 0 3 51 49 5175
2022 Shift worker 47 27 12 4 4 1 4 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 50 28 12 4 3 1 2 5295
2020 Shift worker 45 28 14 6 4 0 2 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 47 30 14 5 2 0 1 6880
2019 Shift worker 48 29 13 4 3 1 2 1945
2019 Non-shift worker 53 29 12 3 2 0 1 6405

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)
Low
(%)
Moderate
(%)
High
(%)
Very High
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 5 14 35 23 22 1 0 19 45 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 8 25 38 17 12 0 0 33 29 5185
2022 Shift worker 7 21 36 19 16 0 1 28 35 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 8 26 40 16 9 0 0 34 26 5310
2020 Shift worker 6 20 34 24 15 0 0 27 39 1700
2020 Non-shift worker 10 30 36 17 7 0 0 40 24 6885
2019 Shift worker 8 21 35 20 15 0 0 29 36 1965
2019 Non-shift worker 12 29 37 15 6 0 0 41 22 6470

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 25 32 28 11 4 0 1 15 57 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 17 26 36 14 7 0 0 21 43 5170
2022 Shift worker 19 26 34 14 6 0 1 20 45 1330
2022 Non-shift worker 14 25 39 14 8 0 0 22 39 5295
2020 Shift worker 22 30 34 11 4 0 0 14 52 1695
2020 Non-shift worker 15 24 37 17 6 0 0 24 39 6855
2019 Shift worker 21 26 34 13 5 0 0 18 48 1950
2019 Non-shift worker 14 24 38 17 7 0 0 24 38 6395
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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 39 42 1200
2024 Non-shift worker 41 45 5185
2022 Shift worker 39 41 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 44 44 5305
2020 Shift worker 40 37 1710
2020 Non-shift worker 47 37 6905

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 35 65 485
2024 Non-shift worker 37 63 2070
2022 Shift worker 32 68 550
2022 Non-shift worker 30 70 2230
2020 Shift worker 28 72 720
2020 Non-shift worker 27 73 3225

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 21 12 12 13 22 5 15 26 74 1195
2024 Non-shift worker 32 19 13 9 11 4 14 38 62 5185
2022 Shift worker 21 13 16 12 19 5 15 1335
2022 Non-shift worker 31 19 14 10 11 3 13 5305
2020 Shift worker 25 15 15 13 22 2 7 1695
2020 Non-shift worker 32 19 16 11 13 1 8 6880
2019 Shift worker 21 12 15 14 32 1 5 1940
2019 Non-shift worker 28 17 18 13 17 1 6 6365

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 3 9 13 16 55 1 2 12 75 485
2024 Non-shift worker 5 15 14 17 41 2 5 22 63 2070
2022 Shift worker 4 8 15 19 49 1 4 13 72 550
2022 Non-shift worker 8 14 13 17 41 2 5 24 62 2230
2020 Shift worker 3 11 16 19 47 1 3 15 68 725
2020 Non-shift worker 7 16 16 19 37 1 4 24 58 3225

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 Shift worker 2 7 12 17 58 1 3 9 78 485
2024 Non-shift worker 4 12 13 20 47 2 2 17 70 2070
2022 Shift worker 3 7 9 18 58 2 3 11 79 545
2022 Non-shift worker 4 13 11 19 50 2 2 17 72 2230
2020 Shift worker 2 9 11 19 56 1 1 12 77 725
2020 Non-shift worker 4 13 13 21 46 1 1 18 69 3230
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