2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Canada Revenue Agency by Question 113. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Table of contents

Top of page

Employee engagement

Employee engagement

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 37 13 9 6 0 0 71 15 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 38 13 7 5 0 0 75 13 28485
2024 First Nation 34 36 14 9 6 0 0 71 15 415
2024 Métis 35 38 13 8 7 0 0 73 15 505
2022 Indigenous 48 36 8 6 3 0 0 84 9 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 36 9 4 2 0 0 84 6 33545
2022 First Nation 51 34 8 5 2 0 0 85 7 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 79 0 7 0 15 0 0 79 15 15
2022 Métis 47 37 7 6 3 0 0 84 9 580
2020 Indigenous 43 35 11 7 4 0 0 79 10 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 39 10 6 3 0 0 81 8 29195
2020 Métis 43 37 11 7 3 0 0 79 10 545
2019 Indigenous 40 36 11 8 5 0 0 76 13 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 40 12 6 4 0 0 78 10 27860
2019 First Nation 38 35 12 9 5 0 0 74 14 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 44 45 0 0 11 0 0 89 11 15
2019 Métis 40 37 10 7 5 0 0 77 12 610

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 32 14 14 12 0 0 61 25 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 35 14 10 9 0 0 68 18 28480
2024 First Nation 29 31 12 15 12 0 0 61 27 415
2024 Métis 27 34 14 13 11 0 0 61 24 505
2022 Indigenous 41 33 12 8 6 0 0 74 14 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 35 11 6 4 0 0 80 10 33540
2022 First Nation 43 32 12 9 4 0 0 75 13 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 57 28 7 8 0 0 0 85 8 15
2022 Métis 40 34 12 7 7 1 0 74 14 580
2020 Indigenous 37 34 13 10 6 0 0 71 16 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 37 13 8 4 0 0 75 12 29115
2020 Métis 37 32 13 12 5 0 0 69 18 545
2019 Indigenous 32 32 14 13 8 0 0 64 21 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 37 15 10 6 0 0 69 16 27800
2019 First Nation 32 32 14 13 8 0 1 64 21 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 25 29 17 16 6 0 6 58 24 15
2019 Métis 32 33 14 12 9 0 0 65 21 605

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 51 31 11 4 2 0 0 83 6 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 53 31 11 3 2 0 0 84 6 28465
2024 First Nation 50 32 12 3 2 0 0 82 6 410
2024 Métis 52 31 10 4 2 0 0 84 6 505
2022 Indigenous 61 28 8 2 1 0 0 88 3 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 29 8 2 1 0 0 90 3 33535
2022 First Nation 63 26 9 2 0 0 0 89 2 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 71 0 22 7 0 0 0 71 7 15
2022 Métis 60 29 7 3 1 0 0 89 4 580
2020 Indigenous 59 26 10 2 2 0 0 86 4 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 57 31 8 2 1 0 0 88 4 28940
2020 Métis 58 28 10 3 1 0 0 86 4 545
2019 Indigenous 55 29 10 4 2 0 1 84 6 1110
2019 Non-Indigenous 52 33 10 3 2 0 0 85 5 27650
2019 First Nation 53 29 11 5 1 0 1 83 6 450
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 57 20 11 0 6 0 6 81 7 15
2019 Métis 56 29 9 4 2 0 0 85 6 605

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 37 12 7 5 0 0 77 12 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 37 11 5 3 0 0 80 9 28490
2024 First Nation 40 34 13 8 5 0 0 75 12 415
2024 Métis 38 39 11 6 5 0 0 78 11 510
2022 Indigenous 51 34 8 4 2 0 0 85 7 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 34 8 3 2 0 0 87 5 33550
2022 First Nation 55 32 7 3 2 0 0 88 5 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 71 15 15 0 0 0 0 85 0 15
2022 Métis 49 35 9 6 2 0 0 83 8 580
2020 Indigenous 50 33 9 4 3 0 0 83 7 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 36 9 4 2 0 0 85 6 29180
2020 Métis 46 37 9 5 3 0 0 83 7 545
2019 Indigenous 47 33 11 6 3 0 0 80 9 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 44 38 11 5 2 0 0 82 7 27840
2019 First Nation 45 34 11 7 3 0 0 79 10 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 60 29 0 5 6 0 0 89 11 15
2019 Métis 48 32 10 5 4 0 0 81 9 610

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 32 14 11 9 0 0 65 20 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 32 14 9 7 1 0 70 16 28475
2024 First Nation 33 33 14 11 8 1 0 66 19 415
2024 Métis 33 30 14 12 10 0 0 63 22 510
2022 Indigenous 55 27 9 5 4 0 0 83 9 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 56 29 8 4 2 0 0 86 6 33535
2022 First Nation 59 27 8 5 3 0 0 85 7 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 63 22 15 0 0 0 0 85 0 15
2022 Métis 52 28 10 5 5 0 0 80 10 580
2020 Indigenous 50 31 11 4 4 0 0 81 8 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 53 31 10 4 2 0 0 84 6 29055
2020 Métis 50 32 11 4 4 0 0 82 7 545
2019 Indigenous 45 30 13 7 5 0 0 75 12 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 32 13 6 4 0 0 78 10 27800
2019 First Nation 44 30 14 7 5 0 0 73 12 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 54 40 0 0 6 0 0 94 6 15
2019 Métis 45 31 13 7 5 0 0 76 12 610

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 31 15 14 10 0 0 61 23 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 33 13 11 8 0 0 68 19 28480
2024 First Nation 30 31 18 12 9 0 0 61 21 415
2024 Métis 29 31 14 15 11 0 0 60 26 510
2022 Indigenous 51 30 8 6 4 0 0 81 11 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 31 8 5 3 0 0 84 8 33540
2022 First Nation 54 30 7 6 4 0 0 84 9 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 64 21 15 0 0 0 0 85 0 15
2022 Métis 48 30 9 7 5 0 0 79 12 580
2020 Indigenous 46 34 10 5 4 0 0 81 9 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 34 10 4 2 0 0 84 7 28915
2020 Métis 45 35 11 6 3 0 0 81 9 545
2019 Indigenous 41 31 13 9 5 0 0 72 15 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 34 13 7 4 0 0 77 10 27655
2019 First Nation 40 31 13 10 5 0 0 72 15 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 41 48 0 5 6 0 0 89 11 15
2019 Métis 42 31 13 8 6 0 0 73 14 605

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 21 18 14 11 4 0 55 26 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 24 16 10 9 5 0 62 20 28480
2024 First Nation 30 21 19 14 11 5 0 54 26 410
2024 Métis 32 21 18 13 10 5 0 56 25 510
2022 Indigenous 42 21 17 9 6 5 0 66 16 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 26 15 7 5 5 0 72 12 33550
2022 First Nation 44 22 15 8 6 5 0 70 14 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 40 22 14 7 0 18 0 74 8 15
2022 Métis 40 20 18 10 7 5 0 63 18 580
2020 Indigenous 41 24 16 10 6 2 0 67 16 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 26 16 8 4 3 0 71 12 29145
2020 Métis 42 25 16 10 5 2 0 68 16 545
2019 Indigenous 35 22 19 13 8 3 1 58 22 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 25 18 10 7 3 0 64 17 27865
2019 First Nation 35 20 20 11 10 4 0 57 22 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 41 25 0 17 16 0 0 66 34 15
2019 Métis 35 22 19 14 7 3 1 59 21 610
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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 24 15 6 4 1 8 72 11 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 44 26 14 4 3 1 9 77 8 28460
2024 First Nation 40 25 15 6 3 2 9 73 10 410
2024 Métis 43 23 16 6 5 1 7 72 11 505
2022 Indigenous 44 25 14 4 2 2 8 78 7 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 25 13 3 2 2 9 80 6 33520
2022 First Nation 46 24 14 4 2 3 7 78 7 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 49 20 16 7 0 8 0 75 8 15
2022 Métis 45 26 14 4 2 1 9 78 7 580
2020 Indigenous 42 24 19 4 4 2 6 71 8 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 25 15 4 2 2 6 77 6 29165
2020 Métis 42 26 18 4 3 2 6 74 7 545
2019 Indigenous 40 22 20 7 5 1 6 67 12 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 26 17 4 3 1 6 74 8 27830
2019 First Nation 37 23 20 8 5 1 6 64 14 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 60 17 13 0 0 0 10 86 0 15
2019 Métis 43 20 19 6 4 1 6 68 11 610

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 55 25 7 7 4 1 0 81 11 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 57 29 7 4 3 0 1 86 7 28435
2024 First Nation 56 25 9 5 3 1 0 82 9 410
2024 Métis 55 25 7 8 5 1 0 81 13 505
2022 Indigenous 60 24 7 5 2 1 1 86 7 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 27 6 3 2 1 1 89 5 33470
2022 First Nation 63 21 7 5 2 1 1 86 7 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 78 15 0 0 0 7 0 100 0 15
2022 Métis 59 26 8 5 2 0 1 85 6 580
2020 Indigenous 52 28 11 5 4 0 0 80 9 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 56 29 8 4 2 1 1 86 6 29140
2020 Métis 51 28 10 7 3 0 0 80 10 545
2019 Indigenous 51 28 9 6 5 1 0 80 10 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 52 30 9 5 3 1 0 83 8 27720
2019 First Nation 51 30 9 5 4 1 0 82 9 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 60 11 22 6 0 0 0 71 6 15
2019 Métis 52 27 9 6 5 1 0 80 11 610

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 61 21 9 6 3 0 0 82 9 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 61 24 7 4 3 0 0 86 7 28480
2024 First Nation 62 19 10 5 3 0 0 82 8 410
2024 Métis 59 22 8 6 4 0 0 82 10 510
2022 Indigenous 64 23 6 4 2 0 0 88 6 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 65 23 6 3 2 0 0 89 5 33540
2022 First Nation 66 22 5 5 2 0 0 88 7 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 85 7 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 15
2022 Métis 62 24 7 3 2 0 1 87 6 580
2020 Indigenous 62 23 5 4 4 0 0 86 8 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 62 24 7 4 2 0 1 87 6 29210
2020 Métis 60 26 5 5 3 0 1 87 8 545
2019 Indigenous 56 26 8 5 5 0 0 82 10 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 57 27 8 5 3 0 0 85 7 27870
2019 First Nation 55 27 8 4 6 0 0 81 10 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 64 17 6 6 6 0 0 81 13 15
2019 Métis 57 25 9 5 4 0 0 83 9 610

Senior management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 23 15 9 8 8 0 64 19 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 26 15 7 6 10 1 69 15 28480
2024 First Nation 39 23 15 7 7 7 0 68 16 410
2024 Métis 33 23 15 11 10 8 0 61 23 510
2022 Indigenous 45 24 12 5 4 9 1 77 10 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 26 12 4 3 11 1 80 7 33545
2022 First Nation 46 23 13 4 3 10 1 78 8 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 67 14 8 0 0 11 0 91 0 15
2022 Métis 43 25 11 5 5 9 1 76 11 580
2020 Indigenous 45 27 12 5 6 4 1 76 11 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 28 12 5 3 8 1 78 8 29200
2020 Métis 44 28 13 5 5 5 1 76 11 545
2019 Indigenous 37 28 14 8 7 6 0 70 16 1125
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 31 14 6 4 7 0 73 11 27870
2019 First Nation 40 27 14 7 7 5 0 71 15 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 54 34 6 0 6 0 0 87 6 15
2019 Métis 35 29 13 9 7 7 0 69 17 610

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 29 23 16 16 13 3 0 54 30 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 27 17 12 12 4 0 57 25 28480
2024 First Nation 32 22 17 15 12 2 0 55 27 415
2024 Métis 27 23 15 17 14 3 0 52 32 510
2022 Indigenous 42 28 12 7 7 4 0 74 14 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 29 13 6 5 5 0 74 12 33545
2022 First Nation 45 29 11 5 5 4 0 77 11 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 71 21 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 15
2022 Métis 41 28 11 8 8 4 0 72 16 580
2020 Indigenous 41 31 13 7 7 1 0 73 14 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 32 13 7 4 3 0 75 11 29135
2020 Métis 40 30 14 8 6 1 0 71 14 545
2019 Indigenous 34 30 15 10 8 3 0 66 19 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 32 16 9 6 3 0 68 16 27795
2019 First Nation 36 29 14 10 7 3 0 67 18 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 44 43 6 0 6 0 0 87 6 15
2019 Métis 33 30 15 10 8 3 1 66 19 610

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 23 17 17 16 6 0 47 35 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 24 18 14 14 6 0 50 30 28470
2024 First Nation 22 22 17 16 17 6 0 47 35 410
2024 Métis 22 23 16 17 17 5 0 47 36 510
2022 Indigenous 31 29 14 10 8 7 1 66 19 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 29 16 9 6 8 1 67 16 33545
2022 First Nation 32 30 14 10 6 7 1 68 17 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 53 21 8 0 0 18 0 91 0 15
2022 Métis 30 29 13 10 9 8 0 65 21 580
2020 Indigenous 31 33 17 9 7 2 0 66 17 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 33 16 9 4 6 0 69 14 29135
2020 Métis 31 32 17 11 7 3 0 65 18 545
2019 Indigenous 27 29 18 12 9 6 0 59 22 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 31 20 12 7 6 0 59 20 27770
2019 First Nation 28 31 16 10 8 6 0 63 20 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 38 37 13 6 6 0 0 75 13 15
2019 Métis 26 27 19 13 9 5 0 56 23 605

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 26 16 16 17 3 0 49 34 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 30 16 14 13 3 0 56 27 28475
2024 First Nation 23 25 16 16 16 3 0 51 33 415
2024 Métis 20 26 16 17 18 2 0 48 36 510
2022 Indigenous 33 33 12 10 7 4 0 69 18 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 33 13 9 6 4 0 71 15 33545
2022 First Nation 34 33 12 9 7 4 0 71 16 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 46 43 0 0 0 11 0 100 0 15
2022 Métis 32 33 12 11 7 5 0 68 19 580
2020 Indigenous 29 36 12 13 7 2 0 67 21 995
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 37 14 10 4 3 0 70 15 29175
2020 Métis 29 35 13 15 7 2 0 64 23 550
2019 Indigenous 26 31 16 13 10 3 0 60 24 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 34 17 13 7 3 0 61 21 27815
2019 First Nation 27 33 15 13 9 3 0 61 23 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 35 40 13 6 6 0 0 75 13 15
2019 Métis 27 30 16 13 11 3 0 59 24 610
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Workforce

Performance management

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 31 12 14 11 0 0 62 25 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 35 15 9 8 0 0 68 17 28490
2024 First Nation 34 28 13 13 11 0 0 62 25 415
2024 Métis 29 34 12 14 11 0 0 62 26 510
2022 Indigenous 39 34 12 9 5 0 0 74 14 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 35 13 7 4 0 0 76 11 33560
2022 First Nation 40 37 12 7 4 0 0 77 11 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 63 15 14 0 8 0 0 78 8 15
2022 Métis 39 32 13 9 6 0 0 72 15 580
2020 Indigenous 35 33 15 11 6 0 0 68 17 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 37 14 9 4 0 0 73 13 29180
2020 Métis 35 33 15 11 6 0 0 68 17 545
2019 Indigenous 29 34 15 12 9 1 0 63 22 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 38 16 11 6 0 0 66 18 27850
2019 First Nation 29 32 17 12 9 0 1 62 21 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 35 35 11 6 6 0 6 75 13 15
2019 Métis 28 35 14 13 9 1 0 63 22 610

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 39 6 9 4 0 0 81 13 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 40 7 6 3 0 0 85 9 28465
2024 First Nation 44 39 7 8 3 0 0 82 11 410
2024 Métis 39 40 6 10 5 0 0 79 15 505
2022 Indigenous 51 40 4 4 1 0 0 91 6 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 37 5 4 1 0 0 89 5 33530
2022 First Nation 53 38 3 4 1 0 0 92 5 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 79 14 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 15
2022 Métis 50 40 4 5 1 0 0 90 6 580
2020 Indigenous 42 38 9 8 3 0 0 79 11 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 41 9 6 2 0 0 83 8 29015
2020 Métis 39 40 9 10 3 0 0 79 12 545
2019 Indigenous 37 41 10 9 4 0 0 78 13 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 43 10 7 3 0 0 80 10 27710
2019 First Nation 35 43 10 8 4 0 0 78 11 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 25 58 6 0 11 0 0 83 11 15
2019 Métis 39 38 10 10 3 0 0 77 13 610

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 48 28 9 8 5 0 0 77 14 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 53 30 8 5 3 0 0 83 9 28480
2024 First Nation 50 30 7 8 4 1 1 81 12 415
2024 Métis 46 27 12 8 6 0 0 73 15 505
2022 Indigenous 53 27 9 7 3 0 1 81 10 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 56 29 8 4 2 1 1 86 7 33535
2022 First Nation 56 26 7 6 2 0 1 84 9 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 63 29 0 0 0 0 7 100 0 15
2022 Métis 52 27 10 7 4 1 0 79 11 580
2020 Indigenous 49 28 11 6 4 0 1 78 11 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 51 30 10 5 3 1 1 82 8 29140
2020 Métis 48 30 9 7 4 1 1 79 11 545
2019 Indigenous 44 28 13 8 6 0 0 73 14 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 32 12 6 4 1 1 78 10 27840
2019 First Nation 44 29 14 7 5 0 0 73 13 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 38 34 6 6 10 0 6 76 17 15
2019 Métis 45 27 13 9 5 1 1 73 14 610

Job fit and development

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 41 9 13 6 0 0 71 20 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 41 10 10 4 0 0 75 15 28465
2024 First Nation 33 39 9 11 7 0 1 72 18 410
2024 Métis 27 42 9 14 6 0 0 70 21 505
2022 Indigenous 38 39 9 10 4 0 0 78 13 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 40 8 7 3 0 0 82 10 33515
2022 First Nation 42 37 7 10 4 0 0 79 14 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 58 20 0 14 7 0 0 79 21 15
2022 Métis 36 41 10 10 3 0 0 77 13 580
2020 Indigenous 34 40 10 10 6 0 1 74 16 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 42 10 9 3 0 1 77 12 29095
2020 Métis 35 40 10 9 5 0 1 76 14 545
2019 Indigenous 30 39 11 14 6 0 0 69 20 1110
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 43 11 13 5 0 0 72 17 27765
2019 First Nation 29 41 10 15 5 0 0 70 20 450
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 31 41 16 0 11 0 0 73 11 15
2019 Métis 31 38 13 14 5 0 0 68 19 610

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 56 21 11 5 5 1 1 78 10 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 56 23 11 4 4 2 1 81 8 28460
2024 First Nation 58 20 11 6 4 1 1 79 10 410
2024 Métis 55 21 13 5 6 1 0 77 11 510
2022 Indigenous 60 21 10 4 2 2 1 84 6 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 23 9 3 2 2 1 85 5 33515
2022 First Nation 62 20 9 4 1 3 1 85 5 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 85 8 0 0 0 7 0 100 0 15
2022 Métis 59 21 10 5 2 2 1 82 8 580
2020 Indigenous 52 24 12 5 4 2 1 78 9 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 54 23 12 4 3 2 2 81 7 29100
2020 Métis 51 26 11 6 4 1 1 78 10 545

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 27 30 16 14 12 2 0 58 27 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 26 32 18 12 10 2 0 59 23 28480
2024 First Nation 28 29 16 14 10 2 0 59 25 410
2024 Métis 25 30 15 14 13 2 0 57 27 510
2022 Indigenous 40 32 12 8 5 2 0 73 14 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 35 12 7 4 2 0 76 12 33550
2022 First Nation 42 30 13 8 4 3 0 74 12 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 63 8 15 7 0 7 0 77 7 15
2022 Métis 37 33 12 9 7 2 0 72 16 580
2020 Indigenous 34 32 15 9 8 2 0 67 18 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 35 15 9 5 2 0 69 15 29120
2020 Métis 33 31 13 12 9 2 0 65 21 545
2019 Indigenous 31 30 14 12 11 2 0 63 23 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 33 17 11 8 2 0 63 20 27820
2019 First Nation 31 32 15 10 9 2 0 65 20 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 29 5 13 6 0 0 76 19 15
2019 Métis 31 29 13 14 11 1 0 61 25 610

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 45 23 13 7 7 1 3 47 53 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 46 22 13 6 6 1 6 50 50 28470
2024 First Nation 45 23 14 9 5 1 3 47 53 415
2024 Métis 45 23 13 6 9 1 3 46 54 505
2022 Indigenous 51 22 13 5 5 1 4 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 21 10 3 3 1 6 33540
2022 First Nation 50 22 12 5 5 1 4 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 34 25 13 22 7 0 0 15
2022 Métis 52 22 13 4 5 1 4 580
2020 Indigenous 52 21 13 5 5 1 3 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 56 21 11 4 3 1 4 29225
2020 Métis 52 22 14 6 4 0 2 545
2019 Indigenous 50 23 14 5 4 1 3 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 23 11 4 3 1 4 27840
2019 First Nation 48 23 15 5 3 1 3 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 54 19 10 6 6 0 5 15
2019 Métis 50 24 14 5 4 1 3 610

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 57 7 4 3 4 1 23 76 24 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 55 9 5 3 4 3 22 73 27 28470
2024 First Nation 59 7 2 2 5 1 22 78 22 415
2024 Métis 57 7 5 3 3 2 23 76 24 505

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 68 9 5 3 4 4 6 76 24 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 67 9 5 2 3 5 9 78 22 28460
2024 First Nation 70 11 5 3 3 5 4 77 23 410
2024 Métis 67 9 6 3 4 4 7 75 25 505
2022 Indigenous 77 7 4 1 3 3 4 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 74 7 3 2 2 5 6 33515
2022 First Nation 75 10 3 1 4 5 3 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 73 14 6 0 0 7 0 15
2022 Métis 78 6 4 2 3 3 5 580
2020 Indigenous 75 9 5 2 3 4 2 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 75 9 4 2 2 4 4 29090
2020 Métis 77 10 4 3 2 3 1 545
2019 Indigenous 71 9 6 3 3 4 4 1110
2019 Non-Indigenous 72 10 5 2 3 4 4 27740
2019 First Nation 72 8 6 3 2 4 4 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 80 7 7 0 7 0 0 15
2019 Métis 71 9 6 3 4 4 3 605

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 68 8 5 3 3 2 11 79 21 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 67 8 4 2 2 3 15 82 18 28460
2024 First Nation 67 9 5 3 3 3 11 77 23 415
2024 Métis 69 8 5 2 2 2 12 80 20 505

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 56 11 11 6 7 2 8 62 38 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 58 11 7 4 5 3 13 69 31 28475
2024 First Nation 56 10 9 7 6 2 9 63 37 410
2024 Métis 56 13 9 5 7 1 8 61 39 505

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 18 31 13 15 20 2 1 51 36 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 31 13 15 16 3 2 55 32 28460
2024 First Nation 17 30 13 19 18 2 1 48 39 415
2024 Métis 18 32 13 13 20 2 1 52 34 510
2022 Indigenous 32 34 10 12 9 2 1 69 21 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 34 10 9 7 2 1 72 17 33545
2022 First Nation 33 36 11 8 8 3 1 72 17 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 57 6 0 29 8 0 0 63 37 15
2022 Métis 30 33 9 14 10 2 1 66 25 580
2020 Indigenous 30 27 16 12 11 2 2 60 24 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 31 14 12 9 2 2 63 22 29195
2020 Métis 28 28 14 13 14 1 2 58 27 545
2019 Indigenous 31 26 13 13 15 2 1 58 28 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 30 15 13 12 2 1 59 26 27865
2019 First Nation 29 29 13 13 13 2 1 60 26 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 51 17 0 13 13 0 6 73 27 15
2019 Métis 31 24 14 13 16 1 1 56 30 610

Empowerment

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 29 31 13 15 13 0 0 60 27 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 35 14 11 9 0 0 66 20 28450
2024 First Nation 29 31 13 14 13 0 0 59 28 415
2024 Métis 29 32 12 15 12 0 0 61 27 505
2022 Indigenous 37 33 13 10 6 0 0 71 16 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 35 13 8 5 0 1 74 13 33510
2022 First Nation 37 35 13 10 5 0 0 72 15 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 58 29 7 0 7 0 0 87 7 15
2022 Métis 38 32 13 11 6 0 0 70 17 580
2020 Indigenous 35 34 13 11 7 0 1 70 17 980
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 37 14 9 4 1 1 72 14 29030
2020 Métis 35 33 14 11 6 0 0 68 18 540
2019 Indigenous 30 33 15 13 9 0 0 63 21 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 37 15 11 6 0 0 67 18 27715
2019 First Nation 31 33 15 12 8 0 0 64 21 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 38 32 24 0 6 0 0 70 6 15
2019 Métis 30 31 15 13 9 0 1 62 22 605

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 29 16 10 10 0 1 63 20 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 33 16 9 7 0 1 68 15 28465
2024 First Nation 35 28 16 10 8 1 1 65 19 410
2024 Métis 31 30 17 11 11 0 0 62 22 510
2022 Indigenous 43 31 14 6 4 0 0 75 11 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 33 14 6 4 0 1 76 10 33530
2022 First Nation 45 31 14 6 4 0 1 76 10 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 57 30 7 0 7 0 0 86 7 15
2022 Métis 43 31 15 6 4 1 0 75 10 580
2020 Indigenous 39 30 16 9 6 0 0 69 15 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 34 16 8 4 0 1 71 12 29135
2020 Métis 39 28 17 9 6 0 0 67 16 545
2019 Indigenous 33 30 17 10 8 0 1 64 18 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 33 18 9 6 0 0 67 16 27820
2019 First Nation 34 31 17 10 8 0 0 65 18 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 22 11 13 6 0 0 70 19 15
2019 Métis 32 30 18 10 8 0 1 63 19 605

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 33 13 11 6 0 0 70 17 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 37 12 7 4 0 0 76 11 28475
2024 First Nation 37 33 11 12 6 0 0 71 18 410
2024 Métis 35 34 13 11 6 0 0 70 17 510
2022 Indigenous 47 35 10 5 3 0 0 82 8 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 36 9 5 2 0 0 84 7 33530
2022 First Nation 48 37 8 4 3 0 0 85 7 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 63 15 21 0 0 0 0 79 0 15
2022 Métis 46 33 12 6 3 0 0 79 9 580
2020 Indigenous 40 39 10 8 3 0 0 79 11 980
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 41 10 5 2 0 0 82 8 28880
2020 Métis 38 41 11 8 2 0 0 79 10 545
2019 Indigenous 38 39 11 8 5 0 0 77 12 1100
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 41 12 8 3 0 0 77 11 27445
2019 First Nation 39 37 11 8 4 0 0 76 13 450
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 35 0 6 11 0 0 83 17 15
2019 Métis 37 40 11 7 5 0 0 77 12 600

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 33 19 13 10 4 1 56 23 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 34 20 10 8 6 1 59 19 28455
2024 First Nation 20 30 22 15 8 5 1 53 24 410
2024 Métis 19 36 18 12 10 4 1 58 24 510
2022 Indigenous 31 34 16 9 6 4 1 69 15 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 35 17 7 4 6 1 70 12 33545
2022 First Nation 33 33 17 6 5 4 1 70 12 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 50 22 7 7 0 14 0 84 8 15
2022 Métis 28 36 14 10 7 4 1 68 18 580
2020 Indigenous 29 37 18 9 4 3 0 68 14 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 40 18 8 3 5 1 69 12 29135
2020 Métis 28 37 18 11 3 3 0 67 15 545
2019 Indigenous 24 36 18 12 6 3 1 63 18 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 39 20 10 5 5 1 64 15 27820
2019 First Nation 25 36 19 10 7 3 0 63 17 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 30 35 16 13 6 0 0 65 19 15
2019 Métis 24 35 18 13 6 3 1 62 20 610

Work-life balance and workload

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 27 10 14 10 0 0 66 24 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 31 10 9 9 0 0 71 19 28470
2024 First Nation 39 27 10 14 10 0 0 66 25 410
2024 Métis 38 28 11 13 9 1 0 66 23 505
2022 Indigenous 55 28 7 5 5 0 0 83 10 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 28 6 4 3 0 0 87 7 33535
2022 First Nation 58 28 5 4 5 0 0 85 9 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 71 21 0 0 8 0 0 92 8 15
2022 Métis 52 28 8 5 6 1 0 81 11 580
2020 Indigenous 50 30 10 6 4 0 0 80 10 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 31 8 5 2 0 0 84 7 29120
2020 Métis 51 30 9 6 4 0 0 81 10 545
2019 Indigenous 50 30 8 7 4 0 1 81 12 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 32 9 6 3 0 0 82 9 27790
2019 First Nation 51 30 7 7 3 0 1 82 11 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 37 37 12 7 7 0 0 75 13 15
2019 Métis 49 30 8 7 4 0 0 80 11 610

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 43 32 15 5 3 0 2 76 9 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 48 31 13 4 2 0 1 80 7 28490
2024 First Nation 42 33 14 5 3 0 2 76 9 415
2024 Métis 44 30 17 5 2 0 1 75 8 510
2022 Indigenous 48 30 13 5 3 0 2 79 8 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 30 11 4 2 0 1 82 6 33565
2022 First Nation 50 29 11 5 2 0 2 82 7 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 32 39 22 0 0 7 0 76 0 15
2022 Métis 45 32 14 4 4 1 1 78 8 580
2020 Indigenous 45 32 15 5 3 1 1 77 8 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 32 13 4 2 0 1 81 6 28960
2020 Métis 43 30 18 5 3 0 0 74 8 545
2019 Indigenous 44 30 18 5 3 0 1 74 8 1110
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 32 14 5 2 0 1 79 7 27670
2019 First Nation 42 33 19 4 2 0 1 75 6 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 64 22 7 0 7 0 0 87 7 15
2019 Métis 45 28 17 6 3 0 1 74 9 605

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 64 19 6 3 3 2 4 87 7 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 65 20 5 2 3 2 4 89 5 28475
2024 First Nation 62 18 7 3 3 3 5 87 6 410
2024 Métis 66 19 5 4 3 1 2 88 7 505
2022 Indigenous 70 18 4 2 2 2 3 92 4 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 68 18 5 2 1 3 4 92 3 33550
2022 First Nation 71 17 4 2 2 1 4 92 4 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 71 8 7 0 7 0 7 86 7 15
2022 Métis 69 18 4 2 2 2 3 92 4 580

Mobility and retention

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Unsure
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 37 31 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 39 28 28490
2024 First Nation 31 36 33 415
2024 Métis 32 37 32 510
2022 Indigenous 34 36 30 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 35 27 33565
2022 First Nation 32 38 30 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 39 40 22 15
2022 Métis 34 35 31 580
2020 Indigenous 22 44 33 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 20 46 34 29255
2020 Métis 24 41 36 545
2019 Indigenous 28 36 36 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 41 36 27925
2019 First Nation 26 36 38 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 21 31 48 15
2019 Métis 31 36 33 610

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic To retire
(%)		 To pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)		 End of my term, casual or student employment
(%)		 Other reason
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 44 18 7 10 10 310
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 48 16 6 8 5 9260
2024 First Nation 12 41 18 6 14 9 125
2024 Métis 13 44 17 8 7 11 160
2022 Indigenous 13 57 13 4 8 5 370
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 60 13 3 6 4 12510
2022 First Nation 17 55 12 2 8 5 150
2022 Métis 10 59 13 5 7 6 195
2020 Indigenous 21 44 17 3 7 8 220
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 49 15 3 3 4 5925
2020 Métis 18 48 21 2 6 5 125
2019 Indigenous 14 37 21 3 18 7 310
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 43 18 5 9 4 6370
2019 Métis 15 40 19 3 16 7 185
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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 36 7 5 2 0 0 86 7 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 52 35 7 4 2 0 0 87 6 28440
2024 First Nation 48 39 7 4 1 0 0 88 5 415
2024 Métis 51 34 7 6 2 0 0 85 8 505
2022 Indigenous 61 31 5 2 1 0 0 92 3 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 31 5 2 1 0 0 92 3 33490
2022 First Nation 63 30 5 2 1 0 0 93 2 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 72 28 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2022 Métis 60 32 5 2 1 0 0 92 3 580
2020 Indigenous 55 33 6 3 2 0 0 88 6 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 54 35 7 3 1 0 0 89 4 29015
2020 Métis 53 34 6 5 2 0 0 87 6 545
2019 Indigenous 48 36 9 4 2 0 0 85 7 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 37 8 4 2 0 0 86 6 27720
2019 First Nation 46 39 9 4 2 1 0 85 6 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 50 39 0 5 6 0 0 89 11 15
2019 Métis 50 34 9 4 2 0 0 85 7 610

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 26 40 14 11 8 1 0 66 19 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 29 40 15 9 6 1 0 70 15 28450
2024 First Nation 27 42 12 11 8 1 0 69 19 415
2024 Métis 23 40 17 12 7 1 0 63 20 510
2022 Indigenous 40 40 10 6 3 1 0 80 9 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 40 10 5 2 1 0 82 7 33515
2022 First Nation 42 39 10 5 3 1 0 82 8 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 71 29 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2022 Métis 38 40 10 7 4 1 0 79 11 580
2020 Indigenous 39 41 11 6 2 1 0 80 9 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 42 11 4 1 1 0 83 6 29170
2020 Métis 38 41 11 8 2 1 0 80 10 545
2019 Indigenous 33 40 16 7 3 1 0 74 10 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 43 15 6 2 1 0 76 9 27870
2019 First Nation 31 42 16 7 3 2 0 74 10 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 35 52 6 0 6 0 0 87 6 15
2019 Métis 34 38 16 7 4 1 0 73 11 610

Organizational performance

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 25 33 16 10 1 2 27 39 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 22 33 18 10 1 4 30 35 28405
2024 First Nation 14 25 32 16 10 0 3 27 40 415
2024 Métis 12 26 33 17 9 1 1 27 39 505
2022 Indigenous 9 20 33 18 16 1 4 35 30 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 19 33 21 14 1 5 37 28 33465
2022 First Nation 8 20 32 19 16 1 4 37 29 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 8 21 7 17 25 7 15 54 37 15
2022 Métis 9 20 35 18 14 0 3 33 31 580
2020 Indigenous 11 23 34 20 11 1 1 31 35 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 22 35 22 10 1 2 33 31 29175
2020 Métis 12 24 35 18 11 1 1 29 36 545
2019 Indigenous 10 21 35 21 11 1 1 32 32 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 22 36 20 10 1 2 31 32 27825
2019 First Nation 9 22 34 21 12 1 1 33 32 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 13 16 40 13 13 0 6 27 31 15
2019 Métis 11 21 35 21 11 1 1 33 32 610

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 19 27 22 12 1 5 36 34 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 19 30 20 12 1 6 35 33 28395
2024 First Nation 14 16 29 19 13 1 7 35 33 410
2024 Métis 13 21 26 25 10 1 3 37 36 505
2022 Indigenous 6 15 28 23 18 2 7 45 24 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 17 29 21 16 2 7 41 27 33430
2022 First Nation 7 16 25 25 19 2 7 48 24 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 0 14 22 7 42 15 0 58 17 15
2022 Métis 6 16 31 22 17 2 7 43 23 580
2020 Indigenous 7 14 32 27 16 2 1 45 22 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 16 31 25 15 2 3 42 25 29105
2020 Métis 7 15 34 27 16 1 1 44 22 545
2019 Indigenous 9 20 29 22 17 1 2 41 29 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 20 31 21 13 2 3 36 32 27770
2019 First Nation 7 22 29 23 17 2 1 41 29 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 6 34 13 22 19 0 6 44 42 15
2019 Métis 10 18 30 22 17 1 2 41 29 610

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 11 26 29 19 1 5 52 20 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 11 27 28 19 1 6 51 20 28375
2024 First Nation 9 10 25 29 19 1 7 52 21 410
2024 Métis 6 12 28 31 20 1 2 52 19 505
2022 Indigenous 4 11 25 27 24 2 6 56 17 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 9 24 28 24 2 8 58 15 33405
2022 First Nation 4 10 23 28 26 2 7 59 16 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 6 0 23 7 57 7 0 68 7 15
2022 Métis 4 14 26 28 21 1 7 53 19 580
2020 Indigenous 4 10 25 36 21 1 2 59 15 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 4 9 27 33 22 1 3 58 14 29030
2020 Métis 5 11 28 34 21 0 2 56 16 545
2019 Indigenous 6 10 27 32 23 0 2 56 17 1105
2019 Non-Indigenous 5 11 29 30 20 1 3 52 18 27685
2019 First Nation 6 8 27 32 25 0 2 58 15 450
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 6 6 22 40 19 0 6 63 13 15
2019 Métis 6 11 26 31 23 1 2 55 18 605

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 15 18 23 22 18 2 3 41 34 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 16 26 22 18 1 6 43 29 28375
2024 First Nation 15 15 24 22 19 2 4 43 31 410
2024 Métis 14 20 24 21 18 1 2 40 36 505
2022 Indigenous 8 13 23 22 25 2 6 51 23 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 12 23 24 25 2 8 55 20 33370
2022 First Nation 8 9 23 23 28 2 7 55 19 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 0 21 8 17 32 7 15 62 27 15
2022 Métis 9 16 24 22 23 2 5 48 26 580
2020 Indigenous 7 16 30 26 18 1 2 46 24 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 14 27 29 21 2 3 51 21 29080
2020 Métis 7 17 29 27 18 1 2 46 25 545
2019 Indigenous 10 16 25 24 22 2 1 47 27 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 16 28 25 18 2 3 45 26 27770
2019 First Nation 9 17 24 26 22 2 1 49 26 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 6 19 21 22 25 0 6 51 27 15
2019 Métis 11 16 27 22 21 2 1 45 28 610

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 16 21 22 20 4 5 46 30 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 14 23 22 18 5 8 47 27 28400
2024 First Nation 12 17 19 21 21 5 5 46 33 415
2024 Métis 11 16 23 23 19 3 5 46 29 505
2022 Indigenous 10 14 23 16 21 8 7 44 28 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 15 21 19 19 8 9 46 28 33435
2022 First Nation 9 14 22 16 23 10 7 46 27 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 8 14 7 8 42 7 15 64 27 15
2022 Métis 10 16 25 17 20 5 7 43 29 580
2020 Indigenous 6 11 22 29 26 5 2 59 18 980
2020 Non-Indigenous 5 10 22 30 24 5 4 59 17 28980
2020 Métis 6 12 21 31 25 3 2 59 18 540
2019 Indigenous 10 14 26 24 21 3 2 47 25 1110
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 16 26 24 18 3 3 45 27 27705
2019 First Nation 9 12 28 27 18 4 2 48 22 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 6 6 35 27 19 0 6 49 13 15
2019 Métis 10 15 25 22 23 2 2 48 27 605

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 15 21 30 17 13 2 2 31 37 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 19 30 18 13 3 5 34 33 28420
2024 First Nation 15 20 29 17 14 2 3 33 37 410
2024 Métis 14 23 31 16 12 2 1 29 39 505
2022 Indigenous 9 16 33 16 18 3 5 37 27 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 15 30 20 17 3 6 41 26 33440
2022 First Nation 10 15 31 16 20 4 5 39 27 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 0 6 28 8 36 7 15 56 8 15
2022 Métis 8 17 34 16 16 3 5 35 28 580
2020 Indigenous 7 19 32 25 14 2 1 40 27 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 16 34 23 15 2 2 40 25 29045
2020 Métis 6 21 34 23 14 1 1 37 28 545
2019 Indigenous 11 19 30 22 15 2 1 38 31 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 20 33 20 12 2 2 34 32 27755
2019 First Nation 10 19 27 26 16 2 1 43 30 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 6 13 40 16 19 0 6 37 20 15
2019 Métis 12 19 34 19 13 2 1 34 32 605

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 20 33 21 14 0 1 35 31 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 15 33 23 16 1 4 41 24 28440
2024 First Nation 10 17 31 25 15 0 2 41 28 415
2024 Métis 13 23 33 19 12 0 1 31 36 505
2022 Indigenous 5 11 34 26 22 0 3 49 16 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 10 30 27 23 1 5 53 15 33475
2022 First Nation 4 9 34 27 23 0 3 51 14 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 0 0 20 38 42 0 0 80 0 15
2022 Métis 5 13 34 25 20 0 3 47 18 580
2020 Indigenous 7 17 40 22 12 0 1 35 24 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 16 37 26 14 1 1 41 22 29165
2020 Métis 7 20 39 20 12 0 1 33 27 545
2019 Indigenous 9 19 33 24 14 0 1 38 29 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 17 33 24 14 1 2 39 26 27810
2019 First Nation 8 21 32 22 16 1 1 38 30 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 11 22 22 25 13 0 6 40 36 15
2019 Métis 11 18 33 24 13 0 1 38 29 610

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 28 18 22 17 1 0 43 39 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 29 18 19 15 2 0 47 34 28465
2024 First Nation 15 29 18 20 17 0 0 44 38 410
2024 Métis 13 27 16 24 19 1 0 40 43 505
2022 Indigenous 26 35 13 14 9 2 0 63 23 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 37 15 12 6 2 0 66 19 33525
2022 First Nation 31 32 13 12 9 2 0 65 21 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 57 36 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 15
2022 Métis 22 39 13 15 10 1 0 61 25 580
2020 Indigenous 26 41 15 12 5 1 0 68 17 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 41 16 10 3 2 0 71 13 29040
2020 Métis 25 40 16 13 6 1 0 65 19 545
2019 Indigenous 22 35 18 16 8 2 0 57 24 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 37 19 15 6 2 0 58 22 27725
2019 First Nation 20 36 17 16 8 2 0 58 25 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 58 11 13 13 6 0 0 69 19 15
2019 Métis 22 34 19 15 9 2 0 57 24 605

Diversity and inclusion

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 52 27 9 6 5 1 0 80 11 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 57 27 7 5 3 1 0 85 8 28460
2024 First Nation 53 27 10 5 4 2 0 81 10 415
2024 Métis 52 27 8 7 5 1 0 79 12 505
2022 Indigenous 63 21 6 6 3 2 0 85 9 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 64 24 5 3 2 1 0 89 5 33520
2022 First Nation 65 18 7 6 2 2 0 85 8 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 65 35 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2022 Métis 61 22 4 7 3 2 0 85 10 580
2020 Indigenous 52 25 9 8 6 1 0 77 14 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 28 8 5 3 1 0 84 8 29110
2020 Métis 52 25 8 9 5 1 0 78 15 545
2019 Indigenous 48 25 9 9 6 1 0 75 16 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 28 8 7 4 1 0 80 11 27760
2019 First Nation 46 26 10 9 6 2 0 74 15 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 44 39 5 0 13 0 0 83 13 15
2019 Métis 49 25 8 9 7 1 0 75 16 610

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 55 30 6 5 3 0 0 85 9 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 61 28 5 4 2 0 0 90 6 28470
2024 First Nation 56 28 6 6 3 1 0 85 9 415
2024 Métis 53 31 6 5 4 0 0 85 9 510
2022 Indigenous 64 26 4 4 2 1 0 90 6 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 69 24 3 2 1 0 0 93 3 33530
2022 First Nation 66 25 3 3 2 1 1 92 5 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 79 21 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2022 Métis 62 25 5 5 2 0 0 88 7 580
2020 Indigenous 55 29 6 7 3 0 0 84 10 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 60 29 5 4 1 0 0 90 5 29025
2020 Métis 53 31 7 7 2 0 0 84 9 545
2019 Indigenous 50 32 7 7 4 0 0 82 11 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 32 6 5 2 0 0 86 8 27785
2019 First Nation 49 32 8 7 3 1 0 82 10 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 35 5 6 6 0 0 83 13 15
2019 Métis 51 31 7 7 4 0 0 82 11 610

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 43 34 12 6 2 2 1 79 9 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 48 33 10 4 2 2 1 84 6 28470
2024 First Nation 44 32 13 6 2 2 1 78 8 415
2024 Métis 41 37 11 7 2 2 0 80 9 510
2022 Indigenous 53 28 10 4 1 3 1 84 6 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 30 8 2 1 2 1 88 4 33535
2022 First Nation 55 27 10 4 1 4 0 85 5 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 71 15 6 7 0 0 0 86 7 15
2022 Métis 52 27 10 5 2 3 1 82 7 580
2020 Indigenous 45 31 13 5 3 3 1 79 8 975
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 34 11 3 2 2 1 83 5 28930
2020 Métis 44 31 12 6 3 3 1 78 9 540
2019 Indigenous 40 34 15 4 4 2 1 76 8 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 36 13 4 2 2 1 81 6 27835
2019 First Nation 40 34 16 4 4 2 0 76 8 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 31 62 0 0 6 0 0 94 6 15
2019 Métis 41 33 15 4 4 1 1 76 8 610

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 33 13 10 8 1 0 69 18 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 36 14 6 6 3 0 73 12 28460
2024 First Nation 34 34 16 8 6 1 0 69 15 415
2024 Métis 34 33 11 11 10 2 0 68 21 510
2022 Indigenous 48 32 9 6 4 1 0 81 9 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 34 10 4 3 2 0 83 7 33550
2022 First Nation 50 31 9 6 3 1 0 82 9 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 50 28 14 0 0 7 0 85 0 15
2022 Métis 46 32 9 6 4 2 0 81 10 580
2020 Indigenous 46 34 9 7 3 1 0 81 10 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 37 10 5 2 2 0 82 7 29020
2020 Métis 45 37 8 7 3 1 0 82 9 545
2019 Indigenous 43 33 12 7 4 1 0 77 11 1110
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 37 12 5 3 1 0 80 8 27700
2019 First Nation 41 33 13 8 4 1 0 75 12 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 62 25 0 6 6 0 0 87 13 15
2019 Métis 44 33 11 6 4 1 0 78 10 605

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 33 13 4 4 5 1 78 9 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 34 11 4 3 5 1 82 7 28470
2024 First Nation 41 33 13 4 4 4 0 78 9 415
2024 Métis 39 35 12 4 4 5 1 79 9 505
2022 Indigenous 52 30 8 4 3 4 0 85 7 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 31 8 2 1 4 1 88 4 33520
2022 First Nation 52 31 6 3 3 3 0 87 7 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 63 22 14 0 0 0 0 86 0 15
2022 Métis 49 31 9 4 2 4 0 84 7 580
2020 Indigenous 51 31 10 3 3 2 0 84 6 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 33 10 3 2 3 0 86 4 29100
2020 Métis 53 31 10 3 2 1 0 85 5 545
2019 Indigenous 52 29 9 5 3 1 1 83 8 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 32 10 3 2 2 0 85 4 27730
2019 First Nation 50 30 9 5 4 2 0 82 9 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 69 25 0 0 6 0 0 94 6 15
2019 Métis 53 29 9 4 2 1 1 84 7 610

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 36 8 9 8 0 0 75 16 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 34 8 7 5 0 0 80 12 28480
2024 First Nation 40 36 9 7 7 1 0 76 15 415
2024 Métis 38 36 8 10 8 0 0 74 18 510
2022 Indigenous 60 28 4 5 3 0 0 88 8 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 29 5 3 2 0 0 90 5 33560
2022 First Nation 63 27 4 4 3 0 0 90 7 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 71 29 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2022 Métis 58 28 6 6 4 0 0 85 9 580
2020 Indigenous 56 30 6 4 4 0 0 86 8 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 58 31 6 3 2 0 0 89 4 29105
2020 Métis 57 29 6 5 3 0 0 86 8 545
2019 Indigenous 50 31 9 5 4 0 0 82 9 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 53 32 8 4 2 0 0 86 6 27825
2019 First Nation 49 33 9 4 3 1 0 83 8 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 56 31 0 0 13 0 0 87 13 15
2019 Métis 52 29 9 6 4 0 0 81 10 610

Anti-racism

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 41 26 11 7 6 5 3 74 15 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 23 13 6 6 9 7 70 14 28475
2024 First Nation 43 25 11 7 6 4 3 74 14 415
2024 Métis 39 27 11 7 6 6 3 72 15 505
2022 Indigenous 50 21 9 6 4 7 3 79 11 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 23 12 5 4 9 6 77 10 33535
2022 First Nation 53 19 9 6 4 6 3 79 11 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 58 42 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2022 Métis 47 23 8 6 4 8 3 79 11 580

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 25 12 8 7 5 3 70 17 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 23 14 6 6 9 7 70 14 28470
2024 First Nation 41 25 11 9 7 4 3 71 17 410
2024 Métis 37 25 13 9 6 6 4 69 17 505
2022 Indigenous 47 23 10 6 4 6 3 78 11 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 24 12 5 4 9 6 76 10 33545
2022 First Nation 48 24 11 5 5 5 3 78 10 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 58 27 8 0 0 0 7 91 0 15
2022 Métis 46 23 10 7 3 8 3 78 11 580

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 25 18 5 3 14 2 69 10 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 24 16 4 2 15 2 73 8 28480
2024 First Nation 33 28 17 6 2 12 1 71 9 415
2024 Métis 33 23 18 5 3 14 2 68 10 510
2022 Indigenous 44 25 15 5 2 9 1 76 8 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 25 14 3 2 11 1 78 6 33550
2022 First Nation 44 24 18 4 2 8 0 74 7 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 51 28 7 0 0 14 0 92 0 15
2022 Métis 44 26 12 5 3 9 0 78 8 580
2020 Indigenous 48 32 12 3 2 3 0 82 6 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 48 31 12 3 2 4 1 83 5 29145
2020 Métis 50 31 10 4 1 4 0 84 5 545

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 28 9 7 6 6 3 76 14 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 28 11 6 5 7 4 76 12 28450
2024 First Nation 43 28 8 7 6 5 3 77 14 410
2024 Métis 40 29 9 8 5 7 2 76 14 505
2022 Indigenous 51 26 7 5 4 5 1 83 10 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 28 10 4 3 6 3 81 8 33490
2022 First Nation 51 26 7 5 5 4 1 82 10 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 72 28 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2022 Métis 50 27 7 6 4 6 1 83 10 580
2020 Indigenous 50 27 9 5 5 3 1 80 11 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 29 10 5 3 4 2 81 8 29075
2020 Métis 53 24 8 5 5 3 2 81 11 545

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 12 26 4 6 32 6 41 17 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 15 22 4 4 34 7 48 14 28440
2024 First Nation 16 13 25 4 6 32 4 45 15 415
2024 Métis 11 11 27 5 7 32 7 37 20 510
2022 Indigenous 20 15 22 4 3 31 5 55 11 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 17 20 2 2 36 5 58 8 33505
2022 First Nation 21 19 17 3 3 32 5 64 9 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 50 7 7 0 0 37 0 89 0 15
2022 Métis 19 12 26 4 3 30 6 48 11 580

Question 72. Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination: I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 9 21 16 33 17 1 14 60 715
2024 First Nation 0 6 22 36 29 7 0 6 70 15
2022 Indigenous 8 0 27 11 39 14 0 10 58 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 9 26 14 26 18 1 19 49 560
2022 First Nation 0 0 34 19 34 12 0 0 61 15
2022 Métis 21 0 19 0 35 26 0 28 47 10
2020 Indigenous 6 0 13 31 44 6 0 7 80 15
2020 Non-Indigenous 3 10 24 16 32 14 0 16 56 520

Ethical workplace

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 28 17 8 7 7 5 64 17 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 30 16 6 4 7 6 70 12 28470
2024 First Nation 28 29 17 8 5 7 6 65 15 415
2024 Métis 27 26 19 8 8 6 5 60 18 510
2022 Indigenous 35 26 15 6 4 8 6 71 12 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 29 14 4 2 8 7 77 7 33520
2022 First Nation 36 27 14 6 3 8 6 73 10 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 50 14 28 0 0 7 0 70 0 15
2022 Métis 34 27 15 7 4 7 5 69 13 580
2020 Indigenous 31 30 19 8 6 4 2 65 14 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 32 17 6 3 6 4 71 10 29140
2020 Métis 31 32 18 9 4 4 2 67 14 545
2019 Indigenous 33 27 17 9 7 4 2 65 17 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 31 16 7 5 5 3 69 13 27800
2019 First Nation 31 27 19 10 7 4 2 62 18 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 40 0 6 6 0 0 87 13 15
2019 Métis 35 26 16 8 8 5 3 66 17 610

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 35 12 10 6 3 1 70 17 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 35 14 8 6 4 2 71 15 28450
2024 First Nation 33 34 14 9 7 3 0 69 17 410
2024 Métis 31 37 11 11 5 3 1 71 17 505
2022 Indigenous 40 32 12 8 4 4 2 75 12 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 35 11 6 3 4 2 78 10 33525
2022 First Nation 41 32 10 7 4 4 1 77 12 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 71 0 15 0 0 14 0 83 0 15
2022 Métis 39 32 12 7 4 4 2 75 12 580
2020 Indigenous 42 33 11 6 4 2 1 78 11 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 35 12 6 3 3 1 78 10 29125
2020 Métis 43 33 10 7 5 2 0 78 12 545
2019 Indigenous 40 33 12 8 4 2 1 75 13 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 37 13 7 3 2 1 76 11 27805
2019 First Nation 38 36 10 9 4 2 1 76 13 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 58 24 0 13 6 0 0 81 19 15
2019 Métis 42 31 13 8 4 2 1 75 12 610

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 33 18 8 7 1 0 67 15 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 37 16 6 5 2 0 73 11 28445
2024 First Nation 35 32 18 8 7 1 0 67 14 415
2024 Métis 31 34 18 8 7 2 0 66 16 505
2022 Indigenous 46 34 11 4 3 1 0 82 7 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 35 11 3 2 1 0 83 5 33505
2022 First Nation 47 35 10 4 2 1 0 84 6 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 71 29 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2022 Métis 46 32 12 5 3 1 0 80 8 580
2020 Indigenous 46 33 11 5 4 1 0 80 9 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 36 12 4 2 1 0 83 5 29080
2020 Métis 45 32 12 5 4 1 0 79 9 545
2019 Indigenous 41 32 14 8 4 1 0 74 12 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 37 15 5 3 1 0 76 8 27765
2019 First Nation 40 33 15 7 4 1 0 73 11 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 58 30 0 6 6 0 0 87 13 15
2019 Métis 42 31 14 8 4 1 0 74 12 605

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 24 15 16 15 7 1 50 33 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 25 17 12 11 9 2 55 25 28460
2024 First Nation 23 19 16 17 14 9 2 47 35 415
2024 Métis 18 28 15 16 15 6 1 50 34 510
2022 Indigenous 32 24 14 11 8 8 2 63 22 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 27 15 8 6 9 3 67 16 33540
2022 First Nation 32 25 14 11 7 9 2 65 19 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 50 0 15 6 7 22 0 64 17 15
2022 Métis 32 24 14 11 9 8 2 61 23 580
2020 Indigenous 30 25 16 12 10 6 1 59 24 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 28 17 11 7 8 2 62 19 29135
2020 Métis 30 26 14 15 9 5 1 60 26 545
2019 Indigenous 25 24 15 13 15 6 2 53 30 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 26 18 12 10 7 2 56 24 27835
2019 First Nation 24 28 15 11 13 6 2 56 27 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 40 29 13 6 13 0 0 69 19 15
2019 Métis 26 21 16 15 15 6 2 51 32 610

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 44 41 4 8 4 0 0 84 12 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 44 41 4 7 3 0 0 86 10 28470
2024 First Nation 49 36 4 8 3 0 0 85 11 415
2024 Métis 40 42 3 10 4 0 0 83 14 510
2022 Indigenous 55 38 1 4 1 0 0 93 5 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 57 36 2 4 1 0 0 92 6 33545
2022 First Nation 56 38 1 4 1 0 0 94 5 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 79 21 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2022 Métis 55 39 1 4 1 0 0 94 5 580
2020 Indigenous 39 46 4 9 2 0 0 85 11 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 45 3 8 2 0 0 87 10 29210
2020 Métis 39 45 4 10 2 0 0 84 13 550

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 41 26 9 13 10 0 1 67 23 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 29 9 12 10 0 1 69 23 28435
2024 First Nation 41 25 10 13 10 0 0 66 24 410
2024 Métis 40 28 8 12 10 0 1 69 23 505
2022 Indigenous 69 22 3 3 1 0 1 92 5 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 66 24 4 2 1 0 2 92 4 33510
2022 First Nation 69 24 3 2 2 0 0 93 4 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 72 14 8 7 0 0 0 86 7 15
2022 Métis 68 22 3 3 1 1 1 92 5 580
2020 Indigenous 44 37 8 8 2 0 0 81 10 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 38 8 8 2 0 0 82 10 29185
2020 Métis 45 34 8 10 3 0 0 80 12 545
2019 Indigenous 46 33 6 10 4 0 0 80 14 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 36 6 8 4 0 0 82 12 27820
2019 First Nation 45 34 7 10 3 0 0 80 13 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 54 29 5 6 6 0 0 83 13 15
2019 Métis 47 34 5 10 4 0 0 81 14 610

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 49 32 7 7 5 0 0 81 12 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 47 34 8 7 4 0 0 81 11 28440
2024 First Nation 52 31 6 6 4 0 0 83 11 410
2024 Métis 47 33 7 8 4 0 0 80 13 505
2022 Indigenous 66 25 5 3 2 0 0 91 5 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 63 28 5 2 1 0 1 92 3 33495
2022 First Nation 64 27 5 3 1 0 0 91 4 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 65 7 6 14 7 0 0 72 21 15
2022 Métis 67 24 4 3 2 0 0 91 5 580
2020 Indigenous 49 34 7 7 3 0 0 83 9 975
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 35 7 6 2 0 0 85 7 29000
2020 Métis 50 33 8 7 3 0 0 83 10 535
2019 Indigenous 50 36 6 6 2 0 0 86 9 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 50 35 7 5 2 0 0 85 7 27700
2019 First Nation 51 35 6 6 2 0 0 86 8 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 41 0 5 6 0 0 89 11 15
2019 Métis 49 36 5 7 3 0 0 85 10 605

Use of official languages

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 71 13 5 3 2 0 4 89 6 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 73 14 4 3 2 0 4 90 5 28475
2024 First Nation 74 13 6 2 1 0 5 91 3 415
2024 Métis 70 14 5 4 3 0 3 87 8 510

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 69 15 5 4 3 0 4 87 7 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 69 15 5 4 3 0 4 87 7 28445
2024 First Nation 69 16 6 2 2 1 5 89 5 415
2024 Métis 70 14 4 5 4 0 3 86 9 510

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 81 8 3 2 2 0 4 93 4 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 81 10 3 1 1 0 4 95 2 28490
2024 First Nation 83 7 4 1 0 1 5 95 1 415
2024 Métis 81 7 3 2 3 0 4 92 6 510
2022 Indigenous 81 7 3 1 2 0 6 94 3 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 81 9 2 1 1 0 5 95 2 33560
2022 First Nation 83 7 3 0 1 0 5 96 1 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 93 7 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2022 Métis 80 7 3 2 2 0 7 93 4 580
2019 Indigenous 77 10 5 2 2 0 4 91 4 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 79 10 4 1 2 0 4 93 3 27735
2019 First Nation 78 10 4 2 2 0 3 92 4 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 78 16 6 0 0 0 0 94 0 15
2019 Métis 77 9 5 3 2 0 5 90 5 610

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 19 11 4 5 21 6 73 12 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 20 11 4 3 15 4 77 10 28485
2024 First Nation 39 19 11 3 2 21 5 79 7 415
2024 Métis 31 19 11 5 7 22 6 68 16 510
2022 Indigenous 38 17 10 4 5 21 5 75 12 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 19 10 4 2 16 5 80 8 33555
2022 First Nation 38 18 10 4 3 21 6 77 9 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 43 18 8 7 8 11 7 73 17 15
2022 Métis 38 16 10 5 6 21 5 73 14 580
2020 Indigenous 31 18 10 6 5 25 4 69 17 995
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 17 10 5 4 20 6 74 13 29200
2020 Métis 29 19 10 7 6 24 4 67 19 550
2019 Indigenous 31 15 10 7 8 24 5 64 22 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 16 10 6 6 20 5 71 16 27880
2019 First Nation 32 16 8 7 8 25 4 67 21 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 29 46 13 6 6 0 0 75 13 15
2019 Métis 30 13 11 8 9 23 5 60 24 610

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 86 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 28470
2024 First Nation 13 87 410
2024 Métis 16 84 505
2022 Indigenous 11 89 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 33545
2022 First Nation 10 90 475
2022 Métis 12 88 580
2020 Indigenous 13 87 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 29220
2020 Métis 13 87 550
2019 Indigenous 18 82 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 27865
2019 Métis 19 81 610

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 48 52 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 41 59 2295
2024 First Nation 39 61 55
2024 Métis 54 46 85
2022 Indigenous 44 56 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 66 2165
2022 First Nation 44 56 50
2022 Métis 42 58 70
2020 Indigenous 50 50 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 55 2275
2020 Métis 49 51 75
2019 Indigenous 51 49 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 51 2975
2019 Métis 50 50 120

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 54 46 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 56 44 2295
2024 First Nation 51 49 55
2024 Métis 52 48 85
2022 Indigenous 59 41 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 57 43 2165
2022 First Nation 59 41 50
2022 Métis 64 36 70
2020 Indigenous 59 41 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 62 38 2275
2020 Métis 60 40 75
2019 Indigenous 58 42 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 59 41 2975
2019 Métis 56 44 120

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 89 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 2295
2024 First Nation 10 90 55
2024 Métis 13 87 85
2022 Indigenous 9 91 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 2165
2022 First Nation 7 93 50
2022 Métis 11 89 70
2020 Indigenous 6 94 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 94 2275
2020 Métis 9 91 75
2019 Indigenous 7 93 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 94 2975
2019 Métis 8 92 120

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 2295
2024 First Nation 0 100 55
2024 Métis 0 100 85
2022 Indigenous 0 100 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 2165
2022 First Nation 0 100 50
2022 Métis 0 100 70
2020 Métis 0 100 75

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 5 95 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 2295
2022 Indigenous 5 95 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 2165
2022 First Nation 6 94 50
2022 Métis 5 95 70
2020 Métis 0 100 75
2019 Indigenous 6 94 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 4 96 2975
2019 Métis 7 93 120

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 6 94 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 2295
2024 First Nation 9 91 55
2022 Indigenous 14 86 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 2165
2022 First Nation 18 82 50
2022 Métis 10 90 70
2020 Indigenous 12 88 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 2275
2020 Métis 9 91 75
2019 Indigenous 10 90 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2975
2019 Métis 11 89 120

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 4 96 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 95 2295
2022 Indigenous 4 96 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 2165
2022 First Nation 4 96 50
2022 Métis 4 96 70
2020 Indigenous 11 89 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 4 96 2275
2020 Métis 8 92 75
2019 Indigenous 4 96 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 4 96 2975
2019 Métis 5 95 120

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 66 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 62 2300
2024 First Nation 26 74 55
2024 Métis 35 65 85
2022 Indigenous 33 67 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 63 2170
2022 First Nation 35 65 50
2022 Métis 29 71 70
2020 Indigenous 36 64 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 64 2275
2020 Métis 37 63 75
2019 Indigenous 33 67 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 64 2960
2019 Métis 28 72 120

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 58 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 60 2300
2024 First Nation 42 58 55
2024 Métis 40 60 85
2022 Indigenous 39 61 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 62 2170
2022 First Nation 40 60 50
2022 Métis 38 62 70
2020 Indigenous 36 64 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 63 2275
2020 Métis 35 65 75
2019 Indigenous 37 63 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 63 2960
2019 Métis 36 64 120

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 41 59 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 61 2300
2024 First Nation 36 64 55
2024 Métis 42 58 85
2022 Indigenous 37 63 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 64 2170
2022 First Nation 44 56 50
2022 Métis 32 68 70
2020 Indigenous 50 50 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 60 2275
2020 Métis 50 50 75
2019 Indigenous 45 55 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 60 2960
2019 Métis 43 57 120

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 41 59 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 41 59 2300
2024 First Nation 44 56 55
2024 Métis 36 64 85
2022 Indigenous 39 61 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 63 2170
2022 First Nation 39 61 50
2022 Métis 43 57 70
2020 Indigenous 40 60 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 58 2275
2020 Métis 40 60 75
2019 Indigenous 41 59 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 58 2960
2019 Métis 42 58 120

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 72 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 72 2300
2024 First Nation 25 75 55
2024 Métis 30 70 85
2022 Indigenous 29 71 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 74 2170
2022 First Nation 32 68 50
2022 Métis 28 72 70
2020 Indigenous 28 72 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 73 2275
2020 Métis 22 78 75
2019 Indigenous 25 75 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 26 74 2960
2019 Métis 23 77 120

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 50 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 53 47 2300
2024 First Nation 55 45 55
2024 Métis 46 54 85
2022 Indigenous 51 49 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 48 2170
2022 First Nation 52 48 50
2022 Métis 51 49 70
2020 Indigenous 49 51 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 48 2275
2020 Métis 54 46 75
2019 Indigenous 54 46 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 52 48 2960
2019 Métis 49 51 120

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 58 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 64 2300
2024 First Nation 51 49 55
2024 Métis 37 63 85
2022 Indigenous 39 61 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 69 2170
2022 First Nation 41 59 50
2022 Métis 38 62 70
2020 Indigenous 32 68 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 65 2275
2020 Métis 31 69 75
2019 Indigenous 34 66 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 68 2960
2019 Métis 30 70 120

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 1 99 2300
2024 First Nation 0 100 55
2024 Métis 0 100 85
2022 Indigenous 0 100 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 2170
2022 First Nation 0 100 50
2022 Métis 0 100 70

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 4 96 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 2300
2022 Indigenous 1 99 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 2170
2022 First Nation 0 100 50
2022 Métis 2 98 70
2020 Indigenous 4 96 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 94 2275
2019 Indigenous 8 92 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 92 2960
2019 Métis 10 90 120

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 9 91 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 2300
2024 Métis 11 89 85
2022 Indigenous 15 85 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 2170
2022 First Nation 17 83 50
2022 Métis 12 88 70
2020 Indigenous 8 92 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 2275
2020 Métis 8 92 75
2019 Indigenous 7 93 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2960
2019 Métis 8 92 120

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 56 44 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 50 50 2300
2024 First Nation 62 38 55
2024 Métis 51 49 85
2022 Indigenous 46 54 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 51 2170
2022 First Nation 56 44 50
2022 Métis 43 57 70
2020 Indigenous 52 48 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 50 2275
2020 Métis 53 47 75
2019 Indigenous 47 53 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 47 53 2960
2019 Métis 48 52 120

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 17 83 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 79 2300
2024 First Nation 20 80 55
2024 Métis 12 88 85
2022 Indigenous 16 84 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 78 2170
2022 First Nation 23 77 50
2022 Métis 12 88 70
2020 Indigenous 23 77 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 21 79 2275
2020 Métis 19 81 75
2019 Indigenous 17 83 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 79 2960
2019 Métis 18 82 120

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 89 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 2300
2024 First Nation 13 87 55
2024 Métis 11 89 85
2022 Indigenous 20 80 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 85 2170
2022 First Nation 21 79 50
2022 Métis 18 82 70
2020 Indigenous 22 78 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 87 2275
2020 Métis 18 82 75
2019 Indigenous 14 86 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 15 85 2960
2019 Métis 17 83 120

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 50 50 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 47 53 2300
2024 First Nation 49 51 55
2024 Métis 49 51 85
2022 Indigenous 48 52 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 52 2170
2022 First Nation 42 58 50
2022 Métis 55 45 70
2020 Indigenous 51 49 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 54 2275
2020 Métis 46 54 75
2019 Indigenous 45 55 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 55 2950
2019 Métis 45 55 120

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 79 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 80 2300
2024 First Nation 31 69 55
2024 Métis 15 85 85
2022 Indigenous 24 76 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 79 2170
2022 First Nation 24 76 50
2022 Métis 26 74 70
2020 Indigenous 18 82 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 75 2275
2020 Métis 18 82 75
2019 Indigenous 21 79 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 76 2950
2019 Métis 19 81 120

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 7 93 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 2300
2024 First Nation 11 89 55
2022 Indigenous 9 91 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 2170
2022 First Nation 13 87 50
2022 Métis 7 93 70
2020 Indigenous 6 94 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 4 96 2275
2020 Métis 8 92 75
2019 Indigenous 4 96 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 5 95 2950
2019 Métis 5 95 120

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 23 77 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 81 2300
2024 First Nation 25 75 55
2024 Métis 20 80 85
2022 Indigenous 27 73 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 80 2170
2022 First Nation 33 67 50
2022 Métis 22 78 70
2020 Indigenous 29 71 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 78 2275
2020 Métis 29 71 75
2019 Indigenous 28 72 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 78 2950
2019 Métis 26 74 120

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 87 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2300
2024 First Nation 18 82 55
2024 Métis 7 93 85
2022 Indigenous 6 94 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 2170
2022 First Nation 9 91 50
2022 Métis 5 95 70
2020 Indigenous 12 88 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 2275
2020 Métis 12 88 75
2019 Indigenous 8 92 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2950
2019 Métis 8 92 120

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 88 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 2300
2024 First Nation 16 84 55
2024 Métis 9 91 85
2022 Indigenous 11 89 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2170
2022 First Nation 11 89 50
2022 Métis 12 88 70
2020 Indigenous 10 90 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 94 2275
2020 Métis 13 87 75
2019 Indigenous 6 94 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 94 2950
2019 Métis 7 93 120

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 88 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 2300
2024 First Nation 16 84 55
2024 Métis 10 90 85
2022 Indigenous 6 94 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 2170
2022 First Nation 7 93 50
2022 Métis 4 96 70
2020 Indigenous 8 92 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 2275
2020 Métis 11 89 75
2019 Indigenous 15 85 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 86 2950
2019 Métis 10 90 120

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 92 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 2300
2024 Métis 11 89 85
2022 Indigenous 12 88 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 2170
2022 First Nation 9 91 50
2022 Métis 10 90 70
2020 Indigenous 7 93 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2275
2019 Indigenous 11 89 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2950
2019 Métis 13 87 120

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 70 150
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 68 2300
2024 First Nation 22 78 55
2024 Métis 36 64 85
2022 Indigenous 30 70 130
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 70 2170
2022 First Nation 38 62 50
2022 Métis 26 74 70
2020 Indigenous 29 71 135
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 71 2275
2020 Métis 28 72 75
2019 Indigenous 28 72 210
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 70 2950
2019 Métis 32 68 120

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 7 93 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 2145
2024 First Nation 13 87 50
2022 Indigenous 9 91 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1975
2022 First Nation 10 90 45
2022 Métis 7 93 60
2020 Indigenous 11 89 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 87 2130
2020 Métis 11 89 65
2019 Indigenous 16 84 195
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 87 2765
2019 Métis 11 89 110

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 86 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 82 2145
2024 First Nation 13 87 50
2024 Métis 16 84 75
2022 Indigenous 22 78 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 79 1975
2022 First Nation 31 69 45
2022 Métis 16 84 60
2020 Indigenous 16 84 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 19 81 2130
2020 Métis 11 89 65
2019 Indigenous 15 85 195
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 79 2765
2019 Métis 15 85 110

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 92 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2145
2024 First Nation 13 87 50
2022 Indigenous 10 90 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1975
2022 First Nation 9 91 45
2022 Métis 9 91 60
2020 Indigenous 6 94 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2130
2020 Métis 9 91 65
2019 Indigenous 8 92 195
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 88 2765
2019 Métis 5 95 110

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 4 96 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 95 2145
2022 Indigenous 5 95 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1975
2022 First Nation 4 96 45
2022 Métis 5 95 60
2020 Indigenous 4 96 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 93 2130
2019 Indigenous 7 93 195
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 93 2765
2019 Métis 5 95 110

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 7 93 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2145
2022 Indigenous 11 89 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1975
2022 First Nation 14 86 45
2022 Métis 12 88 60
2020 Indigenous 11 89 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2130
2020 Métis 12 88 65
2019 Indigenous 8 92 195
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 90 2765
2019 Métis 8 92 110

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 88 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 2145
2024 First Nation 12 88 50
2024 Métis 11 89 75
2022 Indigenous 7 93 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1975
2022 First Nation 8 92 45
2022 Métis 6 94 60
2020 Indigenous 6 94 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2130
2019 Indigenous 8 92 195
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 92 2765
2019 Métis 12 88 110

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 5 95 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2145
2024 Métis 6 94 75
2022 Indigenous 14 86 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1975
2022 First Nation 10 90 45
2022 Métis 15 85 60
2020 Indigenous 8 92 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2130
2019 Indigenous 7 93 195
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 90 2765
2019 Métis 6 94 110

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 16 84 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 2145
2024 First Nation 16 84 50
2024 Métis 15 85 75
2022 Indigenous 20 80 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1975
2022 First Nation 25 75 45
2022 Métis 19 81 60
2020 Indigenous 9 91 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 2130
2020 Métis 9 91 65
2019 Indigenous 8 92 195
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 88 2765
2019 Métis 7 93 110

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 87 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 84 2145
2024 First Nation 10 90 50
2024 Métis 13 87 75
2022 Indigenous 16 84 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1975
2022 First Nation 13 87 45
2022 Métis 17 83 60
2020 Indigenous 16 84 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 86 2130
2020 Métis 11 89 65
2019 Indigenous 10 90 195
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 87 2765
2019 Métis 9 91 110

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 76 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 73 2145
2024 First Nation 20 80 50
2024 Métis 25 75 75
2022 Indigenous 17 83 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 80 1975
2022 First Nation 22 78 45
2022 Métis 15 85 60
2020 Indigenous 27 73 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 72 2130
2020 Métis 27 73 65
2019 Indigenous 26 74 195
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 73 2765
2019 Métis 28 72 110

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 10 90 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 2145
2024 Métis 11 89 75
2022 Indigenous 4 96 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1975
2022 First Nation 7 93 45
2022 Métis 3 97 60
2020 Indigenous 11 89 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2130
2020 Métis 11 89 65
2019 Indigenous 12 88 195
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 92 2765
2019 Métis 12 88 110

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 48 52 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 57 2145
2024 First Nation 50 50 50
2024 Métis 44 56 75
2022 Indigenous 40 60 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 62 1975
2022 First Nation 45 55 45
2022 Métis 37 63 60
2020 Indigenous 46 54 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 55 2130
2020 Métis 43 57 65
2019 Indigenous 53 47 195
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 54 2765
2019 Métis 51 49 110

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 1 99 2145
2022 Indigenous 2 98 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 1975
2022 First Nation 2 98 45
2022 Métis 1 99 60
2019 Indigenous 3 97 195
2019 Non-Indigenous 1 99 2765

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 56 44 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 52 48 2145
2024 First Nation 61 39 50
2024 Métis 55 45 75
2022 Indigenous 46 54 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 52 1975
2022 First Nation 58 42 45
2022 Métis 35 65 60
2020 Indigenous 57 43 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 48 2130
2020 Métis 49 51 65
2019 Indigenous 54 46 195
2019 Non-Indigenous 53 47 2765
2019 Métis 53 47 110

Question 62o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 6 94 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 2145

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 89 130
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 2145
2024 Métis 13 87 75
2022 Indigenous 21 79 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1975
2022 First Nation 25 75 45
2022 Métis 20 80 60
2020 Indigenous 17 83 120
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 86 2130
2020 Métis 19 81 65
2019 Indigenous 10 90 195
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 87 2765
2019 Métis 11 89 110

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 18 14 13 7 8 30 11 53 24 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 13 12 4 4 35 13 61 16 28470
2024 First Nation 19 13 14 6 6 33 10 55 21 415
2024 Métis 17 15 13 8 9 29 10 51 27 505
2022 Indigenous 24 15 12 4 6 29 9 63 17 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 15 12 3 3 32 12 69 10 33520
2022 First Nation 22 17 12 4 5 31 10 64 15 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 51 0 0 7 0 42 0 88 12 15
2022 Métis 25 14 12 5 7 27 10 61 19 580
2020 Indigenous 29 20 17 6 6 18 4 63 15 995
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 18 15 4 3 25 7 67 11 29160
2020 Métis 30 22 16 7 5 17 3 66 14 550
2019 Indigenous 25 18 16 9 8 19 6 57 22 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 18 18 6 5 23 7 59 16 27875
2019 First Nation 26 19 15 7 9 20 5 59 21 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 40 13 0 13 6 22 6 74 26 15
2019 Métis 25 17 17 10 8 19 6 55 23 610

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 27 15 6 6 10 2 70 14 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 30 12 4 3 14 3 77 9 28460
2024 First Nation 35 27 15 6 4 11 2 72 12 415
2024 Métis 32 28 15 6 7 10 2 67 16 510
2022 Indigenous 46 28 9 5 4 7 1 80 10 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 29 10 3 2 9 2 84 5 33540
2022 First Nation 46 29 8 4 4 8 1 83 8 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 78 7 7 0 0 8 0 93 0 15
2022 Métis 45 29 9 7 4 6 0 78 12 580
2020 Indigenous 46 29 11 5 4 4 0 79 10 995
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 30 12 3 2 6 1 81 6 29160
2020 Métis 46 30 10 5 3 4 1 81 8 550
2019 Indigenous 45 25 13 7 5 4 1 74 12 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 29 13 5 3 6 1 77 9 27875
2019 First Nation 47 25 12 7 5 5 0 75 12 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 62 25 0 6 6 0 0 87 13 15
2019 Métis 43 25 15 6 5 4 1 72 12 610

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 88 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 28465
2024 First Nation 11 89 415
2024 Métis 12 88 510
2022 Indigenous 8 92 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 33530
2022 First Nation 8 92 475
2022 Métis 8 92 580
2020 Indigenous 9 91 995
2020 Non-Indigenous 5 95 29180
2020 Métis 9 91 550
2019 Indigenous 11 89 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 93 27860
2019 Métis 11 89 610

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 70 120
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 75 2010
2024 First Nation 29 71 50
2024 Métis 28 72 65
2022 Indigenous 29 71 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 1805
2022 First Nation 28 72 40
2022 Métis 31 69 45
2020 Indigenous 35 65 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 70 1630
2020 Métis 38 62 50
2019 Indigenous 39 61 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 69 1850
2019 Métis 32 68 65

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 82 18 120
2024 Non-Indigenous 75 25 2010
2024 First Nation 83 17 50
2024 Métis 80 20 65
2022 Indigenous 72 28 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 72 28 1805
2022 First Nation 72 28 40
2022 Métis 77 23 45
2020 Indigenous 80 20 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 76 24 1630
2020 Métis 80 20 50
2019 Indigenous 75 25 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 77 23 1850
2019 Métis 79 21 65

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 97 2010
2022 Indigenous 4 96 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1805
2022 First Nation 6 94 40
2022 Métis 4 96 45

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 100 120
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 2010
2024 First Nation 0 100 50
2024 Métis 0 100 65
2022 Indigenous 0 100 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 1805
2022 First Nation 0 100 40
2022 Métis 0 100 45
2020 Métis 0 100 50

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 92 120
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 2010
2024 Métis 10 90 65
2022 Indigenous 7 93 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1805
2022 First Nation 6 94 40
2022 Métis 7 93 45
2019 Indigenous 4 96 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1850
2019 Métis 8 92 65

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 10 90 120
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 2010
2024 First Nation 13 87 50
2024 Métis 9 91 65
2022 Indigenous 9 91 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1805
2022 First Nation 9 91 40
2022 Métis 11 89 45

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 9 91 120
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 2010
2024 Métis 11 89 65
2022 Indigenous 16 84 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 1805
2022 First Nation 12 88 40
2022 Métis 18 82 45
2020 Indigenous 7 93 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1630
2019 Indigenous 5 95 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1850

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 29 71 115
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 63 1975
2024 First Nation 30 70 45
2024 Métis 24 76 65
2022 Indigenous 27 73 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 68 1800
2022 First Nation 38 62 40
2022 Métis 23 77 45
2020 Indigenous 17 83 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 68 1630
2020 Métis 14 86 50
2019 Indigenous 34 66 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 70 1815
2019 Métis 21 79 65

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 18 82 115
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 73 1975
2024 First Nation 21 79 45
2024 Métis 16 84 65
2022 Indigenous 20 80 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 77 1800
2022 First Nation 19 81 40
2022 Métis 19 81 45
2020 Indigenous 14 86 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 21 79 1630
2020 Métis 10 90 50
2019 Indigenous 21 79 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 78 1815
2019 Métis 13 87 65

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 92 115
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 76 1975
2022 Indigenous 10 90 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 80 1800
2022 First Nation 8 92 40
2022 Métis 14 86 45
2020 Indigenous 8 92 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 77 1630
2019 Indigenous 9 91 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 80 1815

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 4 96 115
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1975
2022 Indigenous 10 90 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1800
2022 First Nation 8 92 40
2022 Métis 12 88 45
2019 Indigenous 4 96 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1815

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 23 77 115
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 76 1975
2024 First Nation 19 81 45
2024 Métis 25 75 65
2022 Indigenous 17 83 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 79 1800
2022 First Nation 21 79 40
2022 Métis 17 83 45
2020 Indigenous 23 77 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 24 76 1630
2020 Métis 29 71 50
2019 Indigenous 24 76 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 70 1815
2019 Métis 27 73 65

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 75 115
2024 Non-Indigenous 23 77 1975
2024 First Nation 21 79 45
2024 Métis 30 70 65
2022 Indigenous 21 79 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 78 1800
2022 First Nation 24 76 40
2022 Métis 19 81 45
2020 Indigenous 20 80 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 78 1630
2019 Indigenous 19 81 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 26 74 1815
2019 Métis 17 83 65

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 5 95 115
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1975
2022 Indigenous 7 93 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1800
2022 First Nation 11 89 40
2022 Métis 4 96 45
2020 Indigenous 10 90 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1630
2019 Indigenous 8 92 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1815

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 4 96 115
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1975
2022 Indigenous 9 91 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 1800
2022 First Nation 8 92 40
2022 Métis 5 95 45
2019 Indigenous 4 96 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 2 98 1815

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 4 96 115
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1975
2022 Indigenous 5 95 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1800
2022 First Nation 9 91 40
2022 Métis 0 100 45
2020 Indigenous 5 95 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1630
2019 Indigenous 6 94 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1815
2019 Métis 8 92 65

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 86 115
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 84 1975
2024 Métis 15 85 65
2022 Indigenous 8 92 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1800
2022 First Nation 12 88 40
2022 Métis 9 91 45
2020 Indigenous 17 83 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 15 85 1630
2020 Métis 16 84 50
2019 Indigenous 10 90 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1815
2019 Métis 14 86 65

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 92 115
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 98 1975
2024 First Nation 12 88 45
2022 Indigenous 4 96 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1800
2022 First Nation 2 98 40
2022 Métis 5 95 45

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 60 115
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 72 1975
2024 First Nation 50 50 45
2024 Métis 37 63 65
2022 Indigenous 36 64 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 1800
2022 First Nation 24 76 40
2022 Métis 41 59 45
2020 Indigenous 29 71 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 83 1630
2020 Métis 33 67 50
2019 Indigenous 26 74 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 17 83 1815
2019 Métis 30 70 65

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 1975
2024 First Nation 0 100 45
2024 Métis 0 100 65
2022 Indigenous 0 100 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 1800
2022 First Nation 0 100 40
2022 Métis 0 100 45
2020 Indigenous 0 100 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 0 100 1630
2020 Métis 0 100 50
2019 Métis 0 100 65

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 69 120
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 75 2010
2024 First Nation 26 74 45
2024 Métis 32 68 65
2022 Indigenous 30 70 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 72 1800
2022 First Nation 27 73 40
2022 Métis 29 71 45
2020 Indigenous 36 64 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 72 1630
2020 Métis 41 59 50
2019 Indigenous 25 75 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 26 74 1800
2019 Métis 29 71 65

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 86 120
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 2010
2024 First Nation 17 83 45
2024 Métis 12 88 65
2022 Indigenous 17 83 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1800
2022 First Nation 22 78 40
2022 Métis 19 81 45
2020 Indigenous 11 89 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1630
2019 Indigenous 15 85 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1800
2019 Métis 16 84 65

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 97 2010
2024 Métis 0 100 65
2022 Indigenous 7 93 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1800
2022 First Nation 10 90 40
2022 Métis 6 94 45

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 15 85 120
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 83 2010
2024 First Nation 17 83 45
2024 Métis 16 84 65
2022 Indigenous 20 80 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 1800
2022 First Nation 27 73 40
2022 Métis 13 87 45
2020 Indigenous 33 67 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 20 80 1630
2020 Métis 36 64 50
2019 Indigenous 19 81 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 80 1800
2019 Métis 21 79 65

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 7 93 120
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 2010
2022 Indigenous 3 97 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1800
2022 First Nation 5 95 40
2022 Métis 4 96 45
2020 Indigenous 5 95 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1630
2019 Indigenous 6 94 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1800

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 89 120
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 2010
2024 First Nation 15 85 45
2024 Métis 9 91 65
2022 Indigenous 14 86 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1800
2022 First Nation 18 82 40
2022 Métis 13 87 45
2020 Indigenous 5 95 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1630
2019 Indigenous 5 95 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1800
2019 Métis 9 91 65

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 2010
2022 Indigenous 6 94 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1800
2022 First Nation 7 93 40
2022 Métis 5 95 45
2019 Indigenous 4 96 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1800

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 10 90 120
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 2010
2022 Indigenous 7 93 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1800
2022 First Nation 7 93 40
2022 Métis 8 92 45
2020 Indigenous 7 93 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1630
2019 Indigenous 4 96 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1800

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 49 51 120
2024 Non-Indigenous 56 44 2010
2024 First Nation 52 48 45
2024 Métis 49 51 65
2022 Indigenous 50 50 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 47 1800
2022 First Nation 49 51 40
2022 Métis 54 46 45
2020 Indigenous 46 54 90
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 51 1630
2020 Métis 40 60 50
2019 Indigenous 55 45 125
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 49 1800
2019 Métis 57 43 65

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 10 90 105
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1885
2024 Métis 13 87 55
2022 Indigenous 2 98 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1615
2022 First Nation 3 97 30
2022 Métis 0 100 40
2020 Indigenous 5 95 85
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1520
2019 Indigenous 9 91 115
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1600

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 88 105
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1885
2024 First Nation 12 88 40
2024 Métis 16 84 55
2022 Indigenous 12 88 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1615
2022 First Nation 12 88 30
2022 Métis 16 84 40
2020 Indigenous 10 90 85
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1520
2019 Indigenous 18 82 115
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1600
2019 Métis 19 81 60

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 5 95 105
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 98 1885
2022 Indigenous 4 96 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1615
2022 First Nation 3 97 30
2022 Métis 5 95 40
2019 Indigenous 4 96 115
2019 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1600

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 98 1885
2022 Indigenous 3 97 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 1615
2022 First Nation 7 93 30
2022 Métis 0 100 40
2019 Métis 0 100 60

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 2 98 1885
2022 Indigenous 0 100 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 1615
2022 First Nation 0 100 30
2022 Métis 0 100 40
2020 Indigenous 7 93 85
2020 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1520

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1885
2022 Indigenous 9 91 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1615
2022 First Nation 16 84 30
2022 Métis 7 93 40
2019 Indigenous 4 96 115
2019 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1600

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1885
2024 Métis 0 100 55
2022 Indigenous 11 89 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1615
2022 First Nation 10 90 30
2022 Métis 12 88 40
2020 Indigenous 9 91 85
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1520
2019 Indigenous 6 94 115
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1600

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 17 83 105
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1885
2024 First Nation 18 82 40
2024 Métis 15 85 55
2022 Indigenous 13 87 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1615
2022 First Nation 15 85 30
2022 Métis 13 87 40
2020 Indigenous 8 92 85
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1520
2019 Indigenous 10 90 115
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1600
2019 Métis 12 88 60

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 87 105
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1885
2024 First Nation 15 85 40
2022 Indigenous 9 91 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1615
2022 First Nation 6 94 30
2022 Métis 10 90 40
2020 Indigenous 13 87 85
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1520
2019 Indigenous 8 92 115
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1600

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 72 105
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 76 1885
2024 First Nation 24 76 40
2024 Métis 28 72 55
2022 Indigenous 17 83 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 1615
2022 First Nation 19 81 30
2022 Métis 19 81 40
2020 Indigenous 31 69 85
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 74 1520
2019 Indigenous 25 75 115
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 76 1600
2019 Métis 20 80 60

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 9 91 105
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1885
2022 Indigenous 9 91 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1615
2022 First Nation 15 85 30
2022 Métis 7 93 40
2020 Indigenous 11 89 85
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1520
2019 Indigenous 8 92 115
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1600
2019 Métis 8 92 60

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 47 53 105
2024 Non-Indigenous 44 56 1885
2024 First Nation 62 38 40
2024 Métis 33 67 55
2022 Indigenous 40 60 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 61 1615
2022 First Nation 38 62 30
2022 Métis 44 56 40
2020 Indigenous 46 54 85
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 56 1520
2019 Indigenous 47 53 115
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 57 1600
2019 Métis 48 52 60

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 1 99 1885
2022 Indigenous 5 95 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 1615
2022 First Nation 3 97 30
2022 Métis 5 95 40

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 59 41 105
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 37 1885
2024 First Nation 58 42 40
2024 Métis 58 42 55
2022 Indigenous 60 40 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 42 1615
2022 First Nation 55 45 30
2022 Métis 62 38 40
2020 Indigenous 58 42 85
2020 Non-Indigenous 60 40 1520
2019 Indigenous 57 43 115
2019 Non-Indigenous 61 39 1600
2019 Métis 55 45 60

Question 69o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1885

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 88 105
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1885
2024 Métis 12 88 55
2022 Indigenous 19 81 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 1615
2022 First Nation 19 81 30
2022 Métis 17 83 40
2020 Indigenous 16 84 85
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1520
2019 Indigenous 8 92 115
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1600

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 14 18 5 7 28 6 54 18 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 15 15 4 3 33 9 61 12 28465
2024 First Nation 23 14 20 4 6 28 5 55 14 410
2024 Métis 20 14 18 6 7 29 7 52 20 510
2022 Indigenous 29 16 14 4 4 27 6 67 12 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 17 13 2 2 31 8 71 7 33525
2022 First Nation 28 17 13 5 4 27 6 68 13 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 51 0 7 7 7 21 7 72 19 15
2022 Métis 28 17 15 4 4 26 6 67 11 580
2020 Indigenous 30 19 19 5 4 20 3 63 12 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 18 15 3 2 27 6 69 8 29145
2020 Métis 30 20 19 5 4 20 3 64 11 545
2019 Indigenous 29 17 18 7 4 20 5 61 15 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 26 17 18 4 3 25 7 63 10 27835
2019 First Nation 30 16 18 6 5 20 5 61 15 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 56 19 6 0 6 6 6 86 7 15
2019 Métis 27 18 18 7 4 21 5 61 15 610

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 26 15 5 6 11 2 70 13 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 30 14 4 3 12 2 76 8 28470
2024 First Nation 37 26 15 4 6 11 1 72 11 410
2024 Métis 33 28 15 5 7 9 3 69 13 510
2022 Indigenous 48 26 11 3 3 7 1 81 7 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 29 10 3 2 9 2 83 5 33535
2022 First Nation 48 28 10 3 4 6 1 82 8 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 64 14 14 0 0 7 0 85 0 15
2022 Métis 46 26 12 3 3 7 1 79 7 580
2020 Indigenous 47 29 12 4 4 3 0 79 8 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 30 12 3 2 7 1 82 5 29175
2020 Métis 49 28 10 4 3 4 1 81 8 545
2019 Indigenous 47 25 14 4 3 5 1 77 8 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 44 28 14 3 3 7 1 78 7 27835
2019 First Nation 49 23 15 3 4 5 0 77 7 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 65 22 6 0 6 0 0 87 6 15
2019 Métis 46 26 14 5 3 5 2 77 8 610

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 67 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 79 28470
2024 First Nation 32 68 415
2024 Métis 32 68 510
2022 Indigenous 19 81 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 33515
2022 First Nation 19 81 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 38 62 15
2022 Métis 20 80 580
2020 Indigenous 19 81 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 86 29075
2020 Métis 20 80 545
2019 Indigenous 21 79 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 84 27875
2019 First Nation 21 79 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 25 75 15
2019 Métis 22 78 610

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 66 34 335
2024 Non-Indigenous 64 36 6335
2024 First Nation 63 37 135
2024 Métis 69 31 170
2022 Indigenous 77 23 220
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 40 3940
2022 First Nation 79 21 90
2022 Métis 78 22 115
2020 Indigenous 66 34 195
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 45 4025
2020 Métis 65 35 110

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 69 31 335
2024 Non-Indigenous 71 29 6335
2024 First Nation 73 27 135
2024 Métis 64 36 170
2022 Indigenous 78 22 220
2022 Non-Indigenous 79 21 3935
2022 First Nation 82 18 90
2022 Métis 75 25 115
2020 Indigenous 82 18 195
2020 Non-Indigenous 82 18 4020
2020 Métis 81 19 110
2019 Indigenous 82 18 245
2019 Non-Indigenous 83 17 4520
2019 Métis 82 18 135

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 29 10 10 8 2 2 71 19 230
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 34 8 9 6 2 1 76 16 4490
2024 First Nation 40 32 5 11 10 1 1 74 21 100
2024 Métis 38 26 15 9 9 2 2 66 19 105
2022 Indigenous 51 25 8 8 6 2 0 77 15 170
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 31 5 6 3 1 1 86 9 3140
2022 First Nation 53 22 10 8 7 0 0 75 15 75
2022 Métis 52 26 8 8 4 3 0 80 12 90
2020 Indigenous 51 23 9 11 6 0 0 74 17 160
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 34 6 7 2 0 0 85 9 3300
2020 Métis 55 20 6 15 5 0 0 75 19 90
2019 Indigenous 43 29 6 11 10 0 0 73 21 200
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 33 6 9 5 0 0 80 14 3705
2019 Métis 43 25 8 11 13 0 1 68 24 110

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 49 27 9 6 5 2 1 79 12 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 47 30 7 6 4 3 4 82 10 28465
2024 First Nation 51 28 8 5 4 2 2 82 9 415
2024 Métis 49 26 9 7 6 1 1 77 14 510
2022 Indigenous 56 27 6 4 2 3 1 87 7 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 29 6 3 2 3 5 88 5 33530
2022 First Nation 56 28 7 3 2 2 2 88 5 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 64 0 14 15 0 7 0 69 16 15
2022 Métis 56 26 5 5 2 3 1 86 8 580
2020 Indigenous 52 28 7 6 4 2 1 83 9 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 53 28 8 4 2 2 3 86 5 29180
2020 Métis 51 29 7 6 4 1 2 82 10 540
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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 53 27 7 7 5 1 0 81 12 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 54 28 7 5 4 1 1 84 10 28485
2024 First Nation 55 27 5 7 4 1 0 84 11 415
2024 Métis 53 26 7 7 6 1 0 80 13 510
2022 Indigenous 60 22 7 6 4 1 0 83 10 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 26 6 4 3 1 1 86 7 33560
2022 First Nation 61 22 8 4 4 1 1 84 8 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 72 28 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2022 Métis 59 21 7 7 4 1 0 81 12 580
2020 Indigenous 53 25 8 7 6 1 0 79 13 980
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 29 8 6 3 1 0 82 9 29085
2020 Métis 52 25 9 8 5 1 0 78 13 540

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 4 8 15 7 38 7 21 62 17 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 7 14 6 34 7 27 61 17 28410
2024 First Nation 5 10 15 6 34 7 21 57 22 410
2024 Métis 3 6 14 8 42 8 18 68 13 505
2022 Indigenous 4 6 11 7 43 5 23 70 15 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 6 12 6 40 6 26 68 15 33485
2022 First Nation 5 7 11 9 40 5 23 68 16 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 11 13 15 0 36 0 26 48 32 15
2022 Métis 4 6 12 5 45 5 24 71 13 580

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 38 15 12 9 2 0 64 21 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 39 16 9 6 3 0 68 15 28460
2024 First Nation 24 41 15 11 8 2 0 66 19 410
2024 Métis 23 37 15 12 10 2 0 62 23 505
2022 Indigenous 38 39 10 7 4 2 0 78 12 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 40 11 5 3 3 0 81 8 33540
2022 First Nation 37 42 8 7 4 2 0 81 10 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 63 29 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 15
2022 Métis 38 37 11 8 5 1 0 76 13 580
2020 Indigenous 47 36 9 4 3 2 0 84 7 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 38 9 4 1 1 0 86 5 29175
2020 Métis 47 35 9 4 3 1 0 83 8 545
2019 Indigenous 34 39 14 8 4 1 0 74 11 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 41 14 6 3 2 0 77 9 27825
2019 First Nation 36 37 14 8 3 2 0 74 12 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 46 31 16 0 6 0 0 78 6 15
2019 Métis 33 40 14 7 4 1 0 74 11 610

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)		 Very good
(%)		 Good
(%)		 Fair
(%)		 Poor
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 21 36 23 12 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 25 35 21 8 28490
2024 First Nation 8 19 40 21 12 415
2024 Métis 7 24 31 26 12 505
2022 Indigenous 10 25 34 23 8 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 30 34 17 4 33560
2022 First Nation 9 28 34 22 7 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 0 22 13 47 18 15
2022 Métis 9 24 34 23 9 580

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 53 25 11 5 3 3 1 81 8 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 54 26 9 3 2 3 1 84 6 28485
2024 First Nation 54 27 9 5 2 3 0 84 7 415
2024 Métis 53 23 11 6 3 3 1 79 9 510
2022 Indigenous 60 21 10 3 2 4 1 85 5 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 59 25 8 2 1 3 1 88 4 33565
2022 First Nation 62 20 9 2 2 4 1 86 4 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 71 22 0 0 0 7 0 100 0 15
2022 Métis 58 21 10 4 2 5 1 83 6 580
2020 Indigenous 52 24 13 2 4 5 0 79 7 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 51 27 12 3 2 4 1 82 6 29045
2020 Métis 51 24 14 2 5 4 1 78 7 545

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 47 23 7 10 10 2 0 72 21 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 47 26 9 8 7 2 1 75 16 28480
2024 First Nation 48 24 6 11 8 2 0 74 19 415
2024 Métis 46 22 7 10 13 2 0 70 24 505
2022 Indigenous 52 22 8 10 6 2 0 76 16 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 25 9 8 5 2 1 78 13 33550
2022 First Nation 53 21 9 10 5 2 1 76 15 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 64 22 0 14 0 0 0 86 14 15
2022 Métis 51 22 8 10 7 2 0 75 17 580
2020 Indigenous 42 26 10 10 10 1 0 69 21 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 28 12 10 6 2 1 71 16 29120
2020 Métis 41 26 10 11 11 1 0 68 22 545

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 29 18 16 15 2 0 51 31 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 37 15 12 9 2 0 62 22 28465
2024 First Nation 23 29 17 16 15 1 0 52 31 415
2024 Métis 19 29 18 15 16 2 0 50 32 510
2022 Indigenous 35 37 11 9 6 3 0 74 15 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 39 12 6 3 2 1 78 10 33540
2022 First Nation 36 38 12 7 5 2 0 75 12 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 46 43 0 11 0 0 0 89 11 15
2022 Métis 33 37 10 10 7 3 0 73 17 580
2020 Indigenous 37 32 16 8 6 2 0 70 14 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 34 14 6 3 2 0 75 10 29160
2020 Métis 35 33 17 8 6 1 0 69 14 545
2019 Indigenous 28 32 16 13 8 1 0 61 22 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 37 17 10 6 2 0 66 17 27855
2019 First Nation 29 31 16 12 10 2 0 61 22 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 51 30 13 0 6 0 0 81 6 15
2019 Métis 26 34 17 14 7 1 0 61 22 610

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 48 8 18 5 0 0 69 23 180
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 50 12 13 7 1 0 68 20 4280
2024 First Nation 23 46 5 18 8 0 0 69 26 55
2024 Métis 21 49 9 17 5 0 0 70 21 110
2022 Indigenous 27 48 7 11 6 0 0 76 17 205
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 51 11 11 4 1 0 73 15 4985
2022 First Nation 27 51 4 12 7 0 0 78 18 80
2022 Métis 26 50 8 12 4 0 0 76 16 115
2020 Indigenous 26 49 9 11 4 0 0 76 15 155
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 48 12 12 3 1 0 73 15 4220
2020 Métis 23 48 12 11 6 0 0 71 17 100
2019 Indigenous 28 42 14 13 3 0 0 70 16 160
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 47 12 12 4 1 1 71 17 3945
2019 Métis 27 40 20 10 3 0 0 67 13 95

Work-related stress

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 30 16 6 7 0 1 39 61 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 28 15 7 8 1 3 40 60 28355
2024 First Nation 40 30 15 5 8 0 1 41 59 410
2024 Métis 38 30 16 7 7 0 1 39 61 505
2022 Indigenous 39 26 16 8 9 1 2 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 26 16 8 8 1 2 33395
2022 First Nation 43 24 16 7 8 1 1 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 79 14 7 0 0 0 0 15
2022 Métis 35 28 15 10 9 0 2 580
2020 Indigenous 35 30 19 8 7 1 1 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 29 16 7 5 0 1 29150
2020 Métis 32 31 21 9 8 0 0 545
2019 Indigenous 30 26 21 10 12 0 1 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 31 19 9 9 0 1 27865
2019 First Nation 34 24 20 10 11 0 1 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 30 39 6 6 19 0 0 15
2019 Métis 27 27 22 10 12 0 1 610

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 26 26 12 14 0 1 22 78 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 29 24 12 11 0 1 22 78 28390
2024 First Nation 20 27 26 11 14 0 1 20 80 415
2024 Métis 23 25 27 11 14 0 0 23 77 505
2022 Indigenous 23 27 26 12 10 0 1 1110
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 29 25 12 9 0 2 33420
2022 First Nation 25 25 26 10 11 1 1 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 40 22 22 11 6 0 0 15
2022 Métis 21 29 25 14 10 0 1 575
2020 Indigenous 24 29 24 13 8 1 0 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 29 24 12 7 0 1 29180
2020 Métis 21 31 23 16 8 0 1 550
2019 Indigenous 26 29 23 12 8 0 1 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 31 24 13 7 0 1 27845
2019 First Nation 28 28 23 12 8 0 1 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 40 29 13 13 6 0 0 15
2019 Métis 25 30 23 13 8 0 0 610

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 29 19 9 8 0 2 32 68 985
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 28 18 10 8 1 4 32 68 28305
2024 First Nation 29 30 18 9 10 0 4 30 70 410
2024 Métis 33 29 20 9 8 0 0 33 67 505
2022 Indigenous 35 28 18 8 7 1 4 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 27 17 8 6 1 5 33340
2022 First Nation 39 25 16 7 7 1 5 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 61 14 18 0 6 0 0 15
2022 Métis 31 32 18 9 6 0 3 580
2020 Indigenous 37 29 17 9 5 1 2 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 29 18 9 5 1 3 29120
2020 Métis 34 31 19 10 4 0 2 540
2019 Indigenous 37 30 17 8 5 0 2 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 30 18 9 5 0 3 27750
2019 First Nation 38 30 16 8 5 0 3 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 46 22 25 0 6 0 0 15
2019 Métis 36 31 18 8 6 0 1 610

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 22 17 13 14 2 2 31 69 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 23 18 11 12 2 4 32 68 28385
2024 First Nation 30 20 17 13 15 3 2 32 68 410
2024 Métis 30 23 17 13 15 1 1 30 70 505
2022 Indigenous 37 21 16 11 9 2 3 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 23 17 10 8 3 4 33390
2022 First Nation 40 21 14 11 9 3 2 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 53 8 8 7 17 7 0 15
2022 Métis 34 22 19 11 9 3 3 580
2020 Indigenous 41 24 15 10 7 2 1 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 25 17 9 6 2 3 29060
2020 Métis 40 25 17 11 6 1 1 545
2019 Indigenous 39 22 18 10 8 1 2 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 26 18 11 8 1 3 27720
2019 First Nation 39 25 17 10 7 1 1 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 59 16 13 0 13 0 0 15
2019 Métis 40 20 19 10 9 1 1 605

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 62 15 5 2 3 0 12 71 29 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 59 15 6 2 2 1 15 70 30 28400
2024 First Nation 61 15 5 2 3 1 12 70 30 415
2024 Métis 64 14 6 1 3 0 12 73 27 505
2022 Indigenous 65 14 5 3 3 1 10 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 16 7 3 2 1 12 33440
2022 First Nation 66 14 5 3 3 1 9 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 79 0 7 6 0 0 7 15
2022 Métis 65 14 5 3 3 0 10 580
2020 Indigenous 67 15 7 3 2 1 5 980
2020 Non-Indigenous 61 17 8 4 2 1 7 29060
2020 Métis 69 15 7 3 2 0 5 540
2019 Indigenous 71 14 6 2 2 0 6 1110
2019 Non-Indigenous 65 16 6 2 2 1 8 27755
2019 First Nation 71 15 6 2 1 0 5 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 75 13 0 0 6 0 6 15
2019 Métis 70 14 6 2 2 0 6 610

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 24 18 11 17 0 1 28 72 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 25 18 10 14 0 1 32 68 28395
2024 First Nation 27 25 19 10 17 0 1 28 72 410
2024 Métis 29 23 17 12 18 0 1 29 71 505
2022 Indigenous 38 27 17 7 10 0 1 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 27 16 7 6 0 1 33445
2022 First Nation 37 29 14 8 10 0 1 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 27 28 17 21 7 0 0 15
2022 Métis 40 24 19 5 10 0 1 580
2020 Indigenous 34 26 19 11 9 1 1 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 28 19 9 6 0 1 29140
2020 Métis 34 26 19 12 9 0 1 545
2019 Indigenous 37 28 19 8 7 0 1 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 30 17 7 6 0 1 27830
2019 First Nation 34 30 20 8 7 0 1 460
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 59 13 13 0 16 0 0 15
2019 Métis 38 28 18 9 6 0 1 610

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 28 16 10 12 1 3 32 68 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 28 17 8 9 2 4 34 66 28395
2024 First Nation 33 28 14 10 11 1 3 34 66 415
2024 Métis 29 27 17 10 12 1 2 30 70 505
2022 Indigenous 41 30 14 6 5 1 2 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 29 15 6 5 2 3 33400
2022 First Nation 44 28 14 7 4 1 2 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 40 28 15 7 11 0 0 15
2022 Métis 40 30 15 6 6 1 3 580
2020 Indigenous 38 32 17 5 5 1 1 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 32 17 6 3 1 2 29050
2020 Métis 36 32 19 6 5 1 1 540
2019 Indigenous 38 29 18 9 5 1 1 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 34 18 7 4 1 2 27810
2019 First Nation 38 30 16 9 5 1 1 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 62 19 13 0 6 0 0 15
2019 Métis 37 28 20 9 5 1 1 610

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 25 28 20 13 12 1 1 26 74 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 26 29 20 11 11 1 3 27 73 28425
2024 First Nation 25 27 21 15 11 1 1 26 74 415
2024 Métis 26 28 19 12 14 0 1 26 74 505
2022 Indigenous 29 31 20 9 8 1 1 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 29 18 9 7 1 3 33445
2022 First Nation 32 31 18 8 8 1 1 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 40 14 28 18 0 0 0 15
2022 Métis 27 32 23 9 8 0 1 580
2020 Indigenous 26 31 22 10 8 1 1 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 32 21 10 5 1 1 29040
2020 Métis 24 33 22 11 9 0 1 545
2019 Indigenous 32 28 21 12 6 0 1 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 33 21 10 6 1 1 27780
2019 First Nation 33 26 21 11 8 0 1 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 36 45 13 0 6 0 0 15
2019 Métis 31 29 21 13 5 0 0 610

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 25 13 9 9 1 1 43 57 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 28 15 8 7 1 3 40 60 28410
2024 First Nation 40 28 14 9 8 1 1 40 60 410
2024 Métis 44 23 13 8 11 0 0 44 56 505
2022 Indigenous 44 29 15 6 4 0 2 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 27 13 6 4 1 3 33470
2022 First Nation 46 28 16 5 3 1 1 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 40 22 24 14 0 0 0 15
2022 Métis 43 29 14 6 5 0 2 580
2020 Indigenous 39 29 17 8 5 1 1 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 31 16 8 4 1 1 29050
2020 Métis 37 31 16 8 6 0 1 545
2019 Indigenous 41 30 15 7 6 0 0 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 31 17 8 4 0 1 27770
2019 First Nation 42 29 14 8 7 0 0 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 31 45 17 0 6 0 0 15
2019 Métis 41 30 16 7 6 0 0 610

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 45 21 13 8 11 0 1 46 54 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 44 25 13 7 8 1 3 45 55 28375
2024 First Nation 49 18 14 8 10 1 0 50 50 415
2024 Métis 44 22 13 8 12 0 1 44 56 505
2022 Indigenous 51 25 12 5 5 1 2 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 24 11 5 5 1 2 33410
2022 First Nation 51 27 12 4 4 1 1 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 53 26 14 8 0 0 0 15
2022 Métis 52 23 12 5 6 0 2 580
2020 Indigenous 48 25 12 7 7 1 1 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 26 13 6 4 1 1 28970
2020 Métis 46 25 13 8 7 0 1 545
2019 Indigenous 46 24 15 7 8 0 1 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 44 27 14 7 6 1 1 27760
2019 First Nation 46 25 13 6 8 0 1 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 35 46 13 0 6 0 0 15
2019 Métis 47 22 15 7 8 0 1 610

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 59 20 9 5 5 0 1 60 40 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 55 23 10 5 4 1 3 57 43 28400
2024 First Nation 59 21 9 4 5 1 1 60 40 410
2024 Métis 59 20 10 6 5 0 1 59 41 505
2022 Indigenous 55 25 11 4 3 0 1 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 25 11 4 3 1 2 33455
2022 First Nation 54 27 10 5 3 1 1 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 54 24 8 8 7 0 0 15
2022 Métis 56 23 12 4 3 0 1 580
2020 Indigenous 28 29 22 12 8 1 1 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 31 22 11 6 0 1 29100
2020 Métis 28 29 22 14 7 0 0 545

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 31 20 10 10 0 0 30 70 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 30 19 10 8 1 2 32 68 28375
2024 First Nation 30 32 19 9 11 0 0 30 70 410
2024 Métis 29 31 20 10 10 0 0 29 71 505
2022 Indigenous 28 31 22 10 8 0 1 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 31 21 10 7 0 1 33420
2022 First Nation 28 33 22 10 6 1 0 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 19 32 28 15 6 0 0 15
2022 Métis 29 28 23 9 9 0 1 580
2020 Indigenous 25 31 21 12 10 1 0 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 31 22 12 8 0 1 29070
2020 Métis 24 32 20 13 10 0 0 545
2019 Indigenous 33 29 19 11 6 0 1 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 32 21 11 6 0 1 27680
2019 First Nation 33 31 19 11 6 0 1 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 70 6 13 5 6 0 0 15
2019 Métis 33 29 20 11 6 0 1 610

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 43 16 14 9 16 0 2 44 56 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 18 15 9 15 1 3 40 60 28325
2024 First Nation 42 17 13 9 16 0 2 43 57 410
2024 Métis 43 14 15 8 18 0 1 44 56 505
2022 Indigenous 70 14 6 2 3 0 4 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 69 15 5 2 2 1 5 33365
2022 First Nation 71 14 6 2 2 1 3 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 85 7 0 8 0 0 0 15
2022 Métis 70 14 6 2 4 0 4 575
2020 Indigenous 54 25 11 4 3 1 1 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 53 27 12 4 2 0 1 28960
2020 Métis 55 26 11 5 2 0 1 545
2019 Indigenous 60 21 9 4 4 0 1 1115
2019 Non-Indigenous 56 24 10 4 3 0 2 27710
2019 First Nation 58 24 11 3 4 0 1 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 66 16 6 0 11 0 0 15
2019 Métis 62 18 8 6 4 0 2 605

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 41 31 16 6 6 0 0 42 58 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 30 14 6 5 0 2 44 56 28365
2024 First Nation 44 31 13 6 5 0 0 44 56 415
2024 Métis 39 30 17 6 7 0 0 40 60 505
2022 Indigenous 54 30 10 4 2 0 1 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 28 9 3 2 0 2 33455
2022 First Nation 55 30 8 4 2 0 1 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 79 21 0 0 0 0 0 15
2022 Métis 51 31 11 4 3 0 1 580
2020 Indigenous 34 34 17 7 5 1 0 980
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 35 19 7 4 0 0 29005
2020 Métis 34 35 16 9 6 0 0 540

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 70 12 6 2 3 0 6 75 25 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 65 13 5 2 2 1 12 75 25 28400
2024 First Nation 70 11 4 3 4 0 6 75 25 415
2024 Métis 71 12 5 2 3 0 6 76 24 505

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 57 13 9 6 8 0 5 61 39 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 56 14 8 4 7 1 10 63 37 28385
2024 First Nation 58 12 8 8 8 0 6 61 39 410
2024 Métis 57 13 10 5 9 1 5 60 40 510

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 72 11 5 4 4 1 4 76 24 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 71 10 4 2 3 2 8 78 22 28370
2024 First Nation 76 9 3 4 5 1 3 79 21 410
2024 Métis 70 11 6 5 3 1 4 74 26 505
2022 Indigenous 77 8 5 2 4 1 3 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 77 8 3 2 2 2 6 33475
2022 First Nation 78 7 5 2 4 1 2 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 71 8 14 7 0 0 0 15
2022 Métis 75 9 5 2 3 1 4 580
2020 Indigenous 78 9 4 2 3 1 2 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 79 9 4 2 2 1 3 29005
2020 Métis 80 9 4 2 2 0 2 545
2019 Indigenous 69 12 8 4 5 0 1 1110
2019 Non-Indigenous 72 12 5 3 4 1 3 27775
2019 First Nation 70 12 9 3 4 0 2 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 81 6 6 0 6 0 0 15
2019 Métis 69 13 7 4 5 0 1 605

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 67 20 5 3 2 0 2 69 31 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 69 16 6 2 2 1 5 73 27 28395
2024 First Nation 70 18 5 3 2 0 2 72 28 410
2024 Métis 65 23 5 3 2 0 2 66 34 510
2022 Indigenous 74 17 4 1 1 0 2 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 74 14 4 2 1 1 4 33455
2022 First Nation 76 17 3 2 1 0 1 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 61 22 0 6 11 0 0 15
2022 Métis 74 18 4 1 1 0 2 580
2020 Indigenous 72 17 4 2 3 1 1 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 74 16 5 2 1 0 2 28910
2020 Métis 71 21 5 1 2 0 1 545
2019 Indigenous 59 27 8 3 2 0 1 1110
2019 Non-Indigenous 61 24 8 3 2 0 2 27680
2019 First Nation 58 26 10 3 1 0 1 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 87 6 0 0 6 0 0 15
2019 Métis 59 28 6 3 3 0 1 605

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 63 17 7 4 7 0 2 65 35 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 66 14 6 3 4 1 5 70 30 28380
2024 First Nation 67 14 6 3 7 0 1 68 32 410
2024 Métis 60 19 7 4 7 0 2 62 38 505
2022 Indigenous 70 16 5 3 4 0 2 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 71 13 5 3 3 1 4 33420
2022 First Nation 72 15 5 3 3 0 2 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 62 32 0 0 6 0 0 15
2022 Métis 69 17 6 3 4 0 2 580
2020 Indigenous 69 15 7 3 5 1 1 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 70 15 6 3 3 1 2 28985
2020 Métis 68 16 7 3 4 0 1 545
2019 Indigenous 63 18 8 5 5 0 0 1105
2019 Non-Indigenous 63 18 8 4 4 0 2 27645
2019 First Nation 61 20 8 6 5 0 1 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 81 6 6 0 6 0 0 15
2019 Métis 64 17 8 5 5 0 0 600

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 61 8 3 1 1 0 25 82 18 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 59 9 4 1 1 1 26 80 20 28360
2024 First Nation 58 7 3 2 2 0 29 82 18 410
2024 Métis 63 8 3 1 1 0 24 82 18 505
2022 Indigenous 64 8 3 2 1 0 23 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 62 8 3 1 1 1 24 33415
2022 First Nation 63 7 2 2 0 1 25 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 61 7 6 0 0 0 25 15
2022 Métis 65 9 3 2 1 0 21 580
2020 Indigenous 64 8 3 1 1 1 22 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 61 8 3 1 1 0 25 29035
2020 Métis 62 10 4 1 1 0 22 545
2019 Indigenous 63 9 3 1 1 0 23 1105
2019 Non-Indigenous 59 10 4 1 1 0 25 27565
2019 First Nation 61 10 2 1 1 0 25 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 75 0 6 0 6 0 13 15
2019 Métis 64 8 4 1 1 0 22 600

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 67 16 6 2 2 0 5 71 29 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 66 15 6 2 2 1 8 73 27 28325
2024 First Nation 70 15 5 3 3 0 4 73 27 415
2024 Métis 66 17 7 2 2 0 5 69 31 510
2022 Indigenous 69 17 5 2 2 0 4 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 69 14 6 2 1 1 7 33380
2022 First Nation 71 17 4 3 1 1 3 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 79 14 7 0 0 0 0 15
2022 Métis 67 17 6 2 3 0 5 580
2020 Indigenous 65 19 7 2 4 1 2 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 66 18 8 3 1 1 4 29180
2020 Métis 63 22 7 3 4 0 1 545
2019 Indigenous 68 18 8 2 2 0 3 1105
2019 Non-Indigenous 63 19 8 3 2 0 5 27650
2019 First Nation 64 20 10 3 1 0 3 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 69 13 6 0 6 0 6 15
2019 Métis 70 16 7 2 2 0 3 600

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 16 11 8 20 0 3 43 57 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 17 10 7 18 1 4 45 55 28460
2024 First Nation 38 16 9 10 23 1 3 40 60 415
2024 Métis 47 15 11 7 17 0 2 48 52 510
2022 Indigenous 59 13 9 6 10 0 3 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 14 8 5 8 1 4 33505
2022 First Nation 55 14 9 6 11 1 3 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 46 26 14 7 8 0 0 15
2022 Métis 62 12 8 6 9 0 3 580
2020 Indigenous 65 16 7 4 7 0 2 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 63 16 8 5 6 0 2 29205
2020 Métis 67 14 8 4 7 0 1 545
2019 Indigenous 61 13 10 5 9 1 2 1110
2019 Non-Indigenous 60 14 8 5 9 1 3 27765
2019 First Nation 60 14 10 5 8 1 3 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 69 0 6 6 13 0 6 15
2019 Métis 61 13 10 5 9 0 2 605

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 43 29 14 5 6 0 2 44 56 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 48 27 13 4 4 1 4 50 50 28440
2024 First Nation 45 30 14 4 4 0 2 46 54 415
2024 Métis 41 30 13 6 8 0 2 42 58 510
2022 Indigenous 46 27 15 6 4 0 2 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 26 12 4 3 1 3 33500
2022 First Nation 48 27 14 6 4 0 1 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 44 20 21 7 8 0 0 15
2022 Métis 46 27 15 6 3 0 2 580
2020 Indigenous 36 32 17 8 5 1 1 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 30 16 5 3 0 1 29185
2020 Métis 37 32 16 10 5 0 0 550
2019 Indigenous 45 31 15 5 4 0 1 1110
2019 Non-Indigenous 50 29 13 4 3 0 2 27705
2019 First Nation 43 32 16 5 4 0 2 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 55 22 6 0 16 0 0 15
2019 Métis 45 30 14 5 4 0 1 605

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)		 Low
(%)		 Moderate
(%)		 High
(%)		 Very High
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 23 40 19 11 0 0 31 29 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 27 40 15 8 0 0 37 24 28490
2024 First Nation 7 24 39 18 12 0 0 32 29 410
2024 Métis 8 21 41 19 10 0 0 30 29 510
2022 Indigenous 13 33 37 12 6 0 0 46 17 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 34 37 10 4 0 0 49 14 33570
2022 First Nation 14 34 36 11 5 0 0 48 16 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 21 26 28 14 11 0 0 48 25 15
2022 Métis 12 32 38 11 6 0 0 44 18 580
2020 Indigenous 16 34 33 12 5 0 0 50 17 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 35 33 10 3 0 0 53 14 29190
2020 Métis 15 33 36 11 5 0 0 48 16 545
2019 Indigenous 20 32 30 14 4 0 0 52 18 1120
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 35 33 10 4 0 0 53 14 27920
2019 First Nation 21 34 27 13 5 0 0 55 18 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 19 29 46 0 6 0 0 48 6 15
2019 Métis 19 31 31 15 3 0 0 51 19 610

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 17 27 35 13 8 0 0 21 44 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 22 39 17 8 0 1 25 35 28425
2024 First Nation 16 28 35 13 8 0 0 21 44 410
2024 Métis 18 26 36 14 6 0 0 20 44 510
2022 Indigenous 10 19 40 19 11 0 0 30 30 1115
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 16 41 23 12 0 1 35 23 33485
2022 First Nation 9 18 38 23 11 0 0 34 27 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 18 14 32 15 21 0 0 36 32 15
2022 Métis 12 19 41 17 10 0 0 27 31 580
2020 Indigenous 15 19 39 20 7 0 0 27 34 985
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 18 41 23 9 0 0 32 27 29065
2020 Métis 15 21 38 20 6 0 0 26 36 545
2019 Indigenous 12 19 37 21 11 0 0 32 31 1110
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 18 39 23 10 0 0 33 27 27655
2019 First Nation 12 19 34 21 13 0 1 34 32 450
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 7 14 58 7 14 0 0 21 21 15
2019 Métis 12 18 39 21 9 0 0 31 30 605
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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 69 995
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 71 28490
2024 First Nation 12 71 415
2024 Métis 11 68 510
2022 Indigenous 11 68 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 71 33570
2022 First Nation 10 71 475
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 0 62 15
2022 Métis 11 66 580
2020 Indigenous 21 53 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 59 29255
2020 Métis 21 49 550

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 67 33 110
2024 Non-Indigenous 59 41 2150
2024 First Nation 80 20 45
2024 Métis 54 46 55
2022 Indigenous 55 45 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 42 2445
2022 First Nation 56 44 45
2022 Métis 52 48 65
2020 Indigenous 53 47 200
2020 Non-Indigenous 59 41 4050
2020 Métis 49 51 115

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 52 11 6 2 2 7 20 71 29 990
2024 Non-Indigenous 50 11 5 2 2 7 24 72 28 28460
2024 First Nation 52 11 6 2 1 7 21 72 28 410
2024 Métis 52 11 5 3 3 6 19 70 30 505
2022 Indigenous 53 11 6 3 2 7 19 1120
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 12 5 2 1 7 23 33545
2022 First Nation 54 11 5 2 2 7 19 480
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 30 0 7 0 0 24 39 15
2022 Métis 53 11 6 3 2 6 18 580
2020 Indigenous 48 20 11 5 4 3 9 990
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 17 8 3 2 3 11 29195
2020 Métis 48 21 12 4 4 2 9 545
2019 Indigenous 52 17 11 6 7 2 6 1110
2019 Non-Indigenous 55 18 10 4 4 2 8 27635
2019 First Nation 52 19 10 5 5 2 6 455
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 66 13 0 0 13 0 7 15
2019 Métis 52 15 12 6 7 2 6 605

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 25 17 11 28 3 4 40 43 110
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 22 16 18 26 3 6 34 48 2150
2024 First Nation 10 32 21 11 16 5 4 47 30 45
2024 Métis 11 23 12 11 41 0 2 35 53 55
2022 Indigenous 9 16 22 22 22 3 6 28 48 110
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 21 17 17 22 3 7 37 44 2445
2022 First Nation 13 18 23 16 21 2 7 34 41 45
2022 Métis 7 17 19 28 20 3 6 26 53 65
2020 Indigenous 14 19 18 18 22 5 4 36 43 205
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 24 19 18 16 1 7 42 37 4060
2020 Métis 12 21 17 17 28 3 4 35 47 115

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 22 16 10 35 0 4 37 47 110
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 22 16 17 29 3 6 32 50 2150
2024 First Nation 10 25 23 8 28 0 4 37 39 45
2024 Métis 13 20 8 11 45 0 4 34 58 55
2022 Indigenous 14 18 19 17 22 5 5 36 43 115
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 22 16 19 26 3 5 35 48 2440
2022 First Nation 19 14 18 18 19 4 8 37 42 45
2022 Métis 13 19 18 17 22 7 3 36 44 65
2020 Indigenous 10 17 16 19 28 4 6 31 52 205
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 22 18 21 22 2 5 35 46 4055
2020 Métis 8 20 15 18 36 2 3 29 56 115
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