2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Housing, Infrastructure and Communities Canada by Question 113. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented according to the numerical order of questions, grouped by section theme as they appeared in the questionnaire. Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Survey Themes

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My Job

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 43 36 3 18 0 0 0 79 18 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 47 41 3 6 2 0 0 88 9 935
2024 First Nation 56 37 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 10
2024 Métis 35 34 5 25 0 0 0 69 25 15
2022 Indigenous 67 33 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 36 2 4 2 0 0 92 6 740
2022 First Nation 64 36 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2020 Indigenous 45 37 0 0 18 0 0 82 18 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 57 34 2 5 1 0 0 91 7 530

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 69 12 0 12 6 0 0 82 18 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 64 22 5 5 3 0 0 87 8 935
2024 First Nation 47 20 0 16 17 0 0 67 33 10
2024 Métis 79 9 0 11 0 0 0 89 11 15

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 66 6 8 11 10 0 0 72 20 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 61 19 7 9 5 0 0 80 13 935
2024 First Nation 47 8 12 16 17 0 0 55 33 10
2024 Métis 73 6 6 8 6 0 0 79 15 15

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 26 19 10 29 12 0 5 47 43 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 29 11 13 14 0 2 62 27 935
2024 First Nation 31 9 8 37 16 0 0 40 53 10
2024 Métis 25 22 12 21 10 0 9 52 35 15
2022 Indigenous 45 15 20 13 7 0 0 60 20 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 32 9 11 7 0 2 73 19 740
2022 First Nation 51 15 14 8 12 0 0 66 20 15
2020 Indigenous 27 45 9 10 10 0 0 72 19 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 40 7 8 2 0 0 83 10 535
2019 Indigenous 29 41 11 20 0 0 0 70 20 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 32 5 13 7 0 0 74 20 480

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 34 10 15 7 0 0 69 22 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 41 14 12 5 0 1 70 16 935
2024 First Nation 40 27 8 17 8 0 0 67 25 10
2024 Métis 35 38 6 15 7 0 0 72 22 15
2022 Indigenous 32 55 4 8 0 0 0 87 8 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 42 13 9 3 0 1 74 12 740
2022 First Nation 49 29 7 15 0 0 0 78 15 15
2020 Indigenous 9 63 9 19 0 0 0 72 19 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 39 13 8 2 0 1 77 10 535
2019 Indigenous 19 39 11 31 0 0 0 58 31 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 39 12 12 3 0 1 74 14 485

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 34 7 14 11 0 0 69 24 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 34 10 7 5 0 0 78 12 935
2024 First Nation 52 21 0 8 18 0 0 73 27 10
2024 Métis 28 41 11 12 7 0 0 69 19 15
2022 Indigenous 49 35 4 4 8 0 0 84 12 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 34 8 6 4 0 1 82 10 740
2022 First Nation 50 30 8 7 5 0 0 80 12 15
2020 Indigenous 63 28 0 0 10 0 0 90 10 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 32 8 4 1 0 1 88 5 530
2019 Indigenous 38 51 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 55 31 7 5 1 0 0 87 6 485

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 33 17 11 6 0 5 64 18 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 31 10 11 10 0 0 69 21 935
2024 First Nation 38 34 8 12 8 0 0 72 20 10
2024 Métis 25 36 19 6 6 0 8 67 13 15
2022 Indigenous 44 52 0 0 4 0 0 96 4 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 32 10 9 5 0 0 76 14 740
2022 First Nation 49 44 0 0 7 0 0 93 7 15
2020 Indigenous 54 27 0 9 10 0 0 81 19 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 33 10 13 6 0 1 71 19 530
2019 Indigenous 50 20 9 11 11 0 0 70 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 27 11 11 5 1 1 73 16 485

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 38 14 8 6 0 0 73 14 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 37 12 12 5 0 0 71 17 935
2024 First Nation 38 46 0 0 16 0 0 84 16 10
2024 Métis 37 32 17 13 0 0 0 69 13 15
2022 Indigenous 37 54 4 4 0 0 0 92 4 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 40 10 7 4 0 0 79 11 740
2022 First Nation 26 67 0 7 0 0 0 93 7 15
2020 Indigenous 71 29 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 41 11 8 2 0 0 79 10 530
2019 Indigenous 49 10 20 21 0 0 0 59 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 40 7 7 4 0 0 81 12 480

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 23 33 13 28 3 0 0 56 31 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 38 13 8 7 0 0 71 15 935
2024 First Nation 18 21 8 45 8 0 0 39 53 10
2024 Métis 28 39 18 15 0 0 0 67 15 15
2022 Indigenous 27 48 12 13 0 0 0 75 13 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 36 11 7 4 0 0 77 11 740
2022 First Nation 39 25 14 22 0 0 0 64 22 15
2020 Indigenous 54 28 19 0 0 0 0 81 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 35 11 8 2 0 0 79 11 535
2019 Indigenous 0 59 20 21 0 0 0 59 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 44 35 8 8 4 1 0 80 12 480

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 29 44 9 9 10 0 0 72 19 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 44 10 11 4 0 0 75 15 935
2024 First Nation 24 43 16 0 16 0 0 67 16 10
2024 Métis 34 38 6 16 6 0 0 72 22 15
2022 Indigenous 26 56 9 9 0 0 0 83 9 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 46 8 12 3 0 0 77 15 740
2022 First Nation 21 57 7 15 0 0 0 77 15 15
2020 Indigenous 59 41 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 45 8 9 3 0 0 80 12 535
2019 Indigenous 28 30 11 21 10 0 0 58 31 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 41 11 11 3 0 0 75 14 480

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 33 10 16 3 0 0 71 19 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 46 37 9 6 2 0 0 84 8 935
2024 First Nation 42 42 0 8 8 0 0 84 16 10
2024 Métis 41 20 17 22 0 0 0 61 22 15
2022 Indigenous 43 49 4 4 0 0 0 91 4 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 37 7 5 1 0 0 86 7 740
2022 First Nation 43 49 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 15
2020 Indigenous 72 28 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 37 6 5 1 0 0 88 6 530
2019 Indigenous 48 32 11 10 0 0 0 79 10 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 34 6 4 1 0 0 88 5 480

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 38 4 33 6 0 0 58 38 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 34 14 8 7 0 0 71 15 935
2024 First Nation 0 56 0 36 8 0 0 56 44 10
2024 Métis 34 27 6 28 5 0 0 61 33 15
2022 Indigenous 48 36 8 8 0 0 0 84 8 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 36 11 8 5 0 0 76 13 740
2022 First Nation 37 35 14 14 0 0 0 72 14 15
2020 Indigenous 63 37 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 37 10 7 4 0 0 80 11 535
2019 Indigenous 19 50 11 0 21 0 0 69 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 36 8 8 4 0 0 80 12 480

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 41 36 15 6 3 0 0 77 9 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 33 14 5 2 0 0 78 8 935
2024 First Nation 29 47 0 17 8 0 0 75 25 10
2024 Métis 47 34 19 0 0 0 0 81 0 15
2022 Indigenous 55 37 4 4 0 0 0 92 4 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 35 10 5 2 0 0 83 6 740
2022 First Nation 43 49 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 15
2020 Indigenous 72 19 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 34 12 3 1 0 0 84 4 530
2019 Indigenous 38 62 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 50 34 10 3 2 0 0 85 5 480

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 26 43 15 3 10 3 0 72 13 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 37 13 10 7 0 0 70 17 935
2024 First Nation 0 67 9 8 16 0 0 67 25 10
2024 Métis 40 28 20 0 6 6 0 72 7 15
2022 Indigenous 29 50 7 13 0 0 0 80 13 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 38 12 7 4 0 0 77 11 740
2022 First Nation 23 48 6 23 0 0 0 71 23 15
2020 Indigenous 72 28 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 40 11 9 2 0 0 78 11 530
2019 Indigenous 40 21 29 10 0 0 0 61 10 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 37 8 8 5 0 0 79 12 480

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 32 13 14 3 0 0 70 17 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 38 37 12 7 5 0 0 75 13 935
2024 First Nation 27 40 16 9 8 0 0 67 17 10
2024 Métis 43 31 6 19 0 0 0 75 19 15
2022 Indigenous 24 59 9 9 0 0 0 83 9 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 36 11 7 3 0 0 78 10 740
2022 First Nation 29 49 8 15 0 0 0 77 15 15
2020 Indigenous 63 37 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 38 12 6 2 0 0 80 8 530
2019 Indigenous 48 11 10 11 21 0 0 58 31 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 44 34 11 8 3 0 0 78 11 480

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 30 36 3 16 15 0 0 66 31 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 36 12 8 6 0 1 74 14 935
2024 First Nation 30 38 0 24 8 0 0 68 32 10
2024 Métis 28 39 5 13 14 0 0 67 28 15
2022 Indigenous 37 45 4 13 0 0 0 83 13 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 31 15 8 3 0 1 74 12 740
2022 First Nation 48 30 0 22 0 0 0 78 22 15
2020 Indigenous 50 20 20 0 0 0 10 78 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 42 10 8 2 0 0 80 10 530

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 35 21 3 3 0 0 73 6 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 39 13 7 4 0 0 76 11 935
2024 First Nation 28 47 8 8 8 0 0 75 16 10
2024 Métis 44 31 25 0 0 0 0 75 0 15
2022 Indigenous 63 29 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 36 11 6 3 0 0 80 9 740
2022 First Nation 49 43 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 15
2020 Indigenous 62 28 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 36 12 6 2 0 0 80 8 530
2019 Indigenous 28 51 21 0 0 0 0 79 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 48 35 7 5 4 0 0 83 9 480

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 58 12 7 15 8 0 0 70 23 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 33 16 8 7 0 1 69 15 935
2024 First Nation 60 16 0 8 16 0 0 76 24 10
2024 Métis 63 6 13 14 4 0 0 69 19 15
2022 Indigenous 31 36 12 4 17 0 0 67 21 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 34 19 8 7 0 0 66 15 740
2022 First Nation 18 32 20 7 23 0 0 50 30 15
2020 Indigenous 37 0 27 19 18 0 0 37 37 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 27 25 13 12 0 0 51 25 535
2019 Indigenous 31 40 9 0 20 0 0 71 20 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 32 20 11 7 1 0 61 19 480

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 17 26 27 23 3 0 3 27 45 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 30 33 13 7 0 1 21 46 935
2024 First Nation 17 15 31 28 9 0 0 37 32 10
2024 Métis 19 25 29 22 0 0 6 23 47 15
2022 Indigenous 4 23 42 31 0 0 0 31 27 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 28 37 16 6 1 1 22 41 740
2022 First Nation 7 19 66 7 0 0 0 7 27 15
2020 Indigenous 0 46 36 9 9 0 0 18 46 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 16 33 31 13 6 0 0 19 49 535
2019 Indigenous 30 11 41 0 19 0 0 19 41 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 30 32 18 6 1 1 24 43 485

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 15 35 34 6 7 0 3 13 52 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 26 33 17 7 0 1 24 43 935
2024 First Nation 9 15 50 16 10 0 0 26 24 10
2024 Métis 21 45 22 0 6 0 6 6 70 15
2022 Indigenous 8 19 35 22 4 0 12 30 30 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 22 34 19 8 1 2 27 38 740
2022 First Nation 6 21 46 20 8 0 0 28 26 15
2020 Indigenous 9 18 55 9 9 0 0 18 27 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 21 37 21 10 2 1 32 30 530
2019 Indigenous 30 10 38 11 11 0 0 21 41 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 21 28 24 12 1 2 37 34 485

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 10 35 19 0 0 3 20 44 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 23 32 18 11 0 1 29 39 935
2024 First Nation 48 12 32 8 0 0 0 8 60 10
2024 Métis 22 10 35 27 0 0 6 29 34 15
2022 Indigenous 13 16 22 33 16 0 0 49 28 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 22 30 20 10 1 1 30 39 740
2022 First Nation 8 27 26 18 21 0 0 39 35 15
2020 Indigenous 10 54 27 9 0 0 0 9 64 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 21 24 33 14 7 0 1 21 45 535
2019 Indigenous 29 51 0 20 0 0 0 20 80 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 26 31 18 7 1 1 26 42 485

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 36 18 22 8 3 0 13 12 62 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 21 27 19 13 2 3 34 38 935
2024 First Nation 41 19 9 23 8 0 0 31 60 10
2024 Métis 38 12 28 0 0 0 22 0 64 15
2022 Indigenous 13 28 25 15 12 0 8 29 44 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 20 26 21 15 2 3 38 34 735
2022 First Nation 22 41 6 18 13 0 0 31 63 15
2020 Indigenous 28 26 28 9 9 0 0 18 54 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 24 26 17 12 1 1 30 44 535
2019 Indigenous 31 30 19 11 9 0 0 20 62 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 22 29 19 12 2 3 33 37 480

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 27 8 32 15 4 3 13 22 40 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 13 26 28 20 2 5 51 21 935
2024 First Nation 25 0 46 21 0 8 0 23 27 10
2024 Métis 24 13 22 12 7 0 22 24 48 15
2022 Indigenous 12 12 31 9 18 6 12 33 30 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 15 30 22 13 3 5 38 29 740
2022 First Nation 21 13 34 7 24 0 0 31 35 15
2020 Indigenous 9 19 18 28 27 0 0 54 28 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 15 29 28 14 4 2 45 24 530
2019 Indigenous 31 20 9 39 0 0 0 39 51 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 21 28 21 9 4 2 32 37 485

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 19 23 30 11 8 5 3 21 46 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 20 34 19 12 1 2 32 33 935
2024 First Nation 8 29 55 8 0 0 0 8 37 10
2024 Métis 27 18 12 14 13 9 6 33 53 15
2022 Indigenous 8 8 46 24 7 0 8 34 17 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 18 39 19 10 2 2 30 29 740
2022 First Nation 6 13 42 25 13 0 0 38 19 15
2020 Indigenous 28 18 27 28 0 0 0 28 45 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 19 36 21 12 1 2 34 29 530
2019 Indigenous 11 30 29 30 0 0 0 30 41 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 19 35 21 11 2 2 34 29 480

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 4 10 16 45 16 0 9 67 15 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 8 31 33 23 0 2 58 11 935
2024 First Nation 0 8 16 75 0 0 0 75 8 10
2024 Métis 6 13 6 32 27 0 15 70 23 15
2022 Indigenous 0 0 25 29 38 0 8 73 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 7 22 37 27 1 2 66 11 740
2022 First Nation 0 0 29 38 32 0 0 71 0 15
2020 Indigenous 8 9 19 28 36 0 0 64 17 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 3 9 32 33 21 1 1 55 12 530
2019 Indigenous 0 0 11 50 39 0 0 89 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 4 7 21 37 29 1 1 67 11 485
Top of page

My Work Unit

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 24 29 25 7 15 0 0 54 21 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 30 28 13 7 6 7 7 69 16 935
2024 First Nation 29 38 17 9 8 0 0 67 17 10
2024 Métis 24 22 27 6 20 0 0 47 26 15
2022 Indigenous 29 20 9 19 0 4 18 64 25 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 27 15 6 3 9 7 71 11 740
2022 First Nation 43 28 8 21 0 0 0 72 21 15
2020 Indigenous 54 37 9 0 0 0 0 91 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 29 13 4 3 7 6 76 9 535
2019 Indigenous 9 50 20 11 10 0 0 59 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 29 13 6 4 6 5 73 12 485

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 53 18 11 8 10 0 0 71 18 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 57 26 5 8 4 1 0 83 12 935
2024 First Nation 65 19 0 8 8 0 0 84 16 10
2024 Métis 47 19 13 8 12 0 0 67 20 15
2022 Indigenous 55 28 4 13 0 0 0 83 13 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 27 6 5 4 1 0 85 9 740
2022 First Nation 48 36 8 8 0 0 0 85 8 15
2020 Indigenous 73 18 9 0 0 0 0 91 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 61 24 7 4 3 1 1 86 7 530
2019 Indigenous 38 41 11 10 0 0 0 79 10 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 55 27 8 5 3 1 0 83 9 485

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 46 28 16 4 6 0 0 74 10 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 64 25 4 4 3 0 0 89 7 935
2024 First Nation 56 36 0 0 8 0 0 92 8 10
2024 Métis 40 26 22 6 5 0 0 67 12 15
2022 Indigenous 60 31 5 4 0 0 0 91 4 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 69 22 4 5 1 0 0 90 6 740
2022 First Nation 59 34 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 15
2020 Indigenous 82 18 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 67 25 4 2 1 0 0 93 4 530
2019 Indigenous 19 51 20 10 0 0 0 70 10 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 64 26 4 4 2 0 0 90 6 485

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 43 0 14 3 0 0 83 17 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 55 31 7 4 2 0 0 87 6 935
2024 First Nation 39 45 0 8 8 0 0 84 16 10
2024 Métis 41 41 0 19 0 0 0 81 19 15
2022 Indigenous 34 60 4 0 0 3 0 96 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 31 5 2 2 1 0 91 4 740
2022 First Nation 43 45 6 0 0 6 0 94 0 15
2020 Indigenous 72 28 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 59 30 6 2 2 1 0 90 4 525
2019 Indigenous 28 51 11 10 0 0 0 79 10 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 55 32 6 4 2 1 0 88 6 485

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 21 13 9 10 4 0 65 21 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 44 25 9 6 5 6 4 77 13 935
2024 First Nation 38 31 8 16 8 0 0 68 24 10
2024 Métis 44 10 19 6 13 8 0 59 21 15
2022 Indigenous 51 24 9 4 4 8 0 81 9 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 25 9 4 3 7 5 81 9 740
2022 First Nation 57 28 0 7 8 0 0 85 15 15

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 40 16 13 14 13 4 0 58 28 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 24 10 7 6 7 4 75 14 935
2024 First Nation 38 22 8 25 8 0 0 60 33 10
2024 Métis 40 8 17 9 17 7 0 53 29 15
2022 Indigenous 44 27 5 13 4 8 0 77 18 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 25 11 4 4 7 5 79 9 740
2022 First Nation 51 28 0 15 6 0 0 79 21 15
Top of page

My Immediate Supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 57 31 0 8 0 0 4 92 8 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 60 25 9 3 2 0 1 86 5 935
2024 First Nation 53 28 0 8 0 0 10 91 9 10
2024 Métis 60 31 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 15
2022 Indigenous 48 45 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 57 29 8 3 1 1 1 88 4 740
2022 First Nation 47 53 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2020 Indigenous 63 19 9 0 0 0 9 90 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 58 25 11 2 1 1 2 85 3 530
2019 Indigenous 48 21 21 11 0 0 0 69 11 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 62 22 10 2 1 1 1 86 3 485

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 53 19 8 12 8 0 0 72 20 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 51 29 7 7 4 0 0 81 11 935
2024 First Nation 46 8 0 37 9 0 0 54 46 10
2024 Métis 56 22 13 0 8 0 0 78 8 15
2022 Indigenous 38 44 9 8 0 0 0 83 8 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 35 8 8 2 0 0 81 11 740
2022 First Nation 32 46 7 15 0 0 0 78 15 15
2020 Indigenous 62 28 0 10 0 0 0 90 10 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 33 10 4 3 0 0 83 7 530
2019 Indigenous 30 29 30 11 0 0 0 59 11 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 29 7 8 3 2 1 81 11 485

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 58 22 14 6 0 0 0 80 6 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 60 22 8 5 4 1 1 83 9 935
2024 First Nation 55 28 0 17 0 0 0 83 17 10
2024 Métis 66 20 13 0 0 0 0 87 0 15
2022 Indigenous 68 24 4 4 0 0 0 92 4 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 27 7 4 2 1 1 87 6 740
2022 First Nation 63 23 7 7 0 0 0 86 7 15
2020 Indigenous 63 27 0 10 0 0 0 90 10 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 57 23 10 5 3 2 1 83 7 535

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 56 24 12 3 6 0 0 80 9 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 56 28 8 5 4 0 0 83 9 935
2024 First Nation 59 16 0 8 16 0 0 75 25 10
2024 Métis 60 20 20 0 0 0 0 80 0 15
2022 Indigenous 58 35 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 32 6 5 3 0 0 86 7 740
2022 First Nation 51 35 14 0 0 0 0 86 0 15
2020 Indigenous 72 28 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 31 7 5 2 1 0 87 7 530
2019 Indigenous 19 40 21 11 10 0 0 58 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 57 25 8 5 3 1 0 83 9 485

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 70 17 4 7 0 0 3 89 7 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 66 20 5 3 3 1 2 89 7 935
2024 First Nation 65 8 0 20 0 0 8 79 21 10
2024 Métis 80 20 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2022 Indigenous 79 17 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 67 22 4 2 2 1 1 91 4 740
2022 First Nation 71 22 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 15

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 54 22 18 0 6 0 0 76 6 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 57 26 7 6 4 0 0 83 10 935
2024 First Nation 59 8 25 0 8 0 0 67 8 10
2024 Métis 56 23 15 0 6 0 0 79 6 15
2022 Indigenous 76 8 4 12 0 0 0 84 12 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 59 27 6 4 3 0 0 86 8 740
2022 First Nation 58 14 7 21 0 0 0 72 21 15
2020 Indigenous 63 37 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 59 27 7 4 2 0 0 86 7 535
2019 Indigenous 19 50 11 11 10 0 0 69 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 58 26 8 4 3 1 0 84 8 485

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 94 6 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 83 11 3 2 1 0 0 94 3 935
2024 First Nation 83 17 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2024 Métis 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2022 Indigenous 96 4 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 83 11 2 2 1 0 1 95 3 740
2022 First Nation 93 7 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
Top of page

Senior Management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 22 36 8 26 6 3 0 59 33 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 30 12 8 7 6 0 71 16 935
2024 First Nation 8 54 0 22 8 8 0 67 33 10
2024 Métis 28 29 13 25 5 0 0 57 30 15
2022 Indigenous 45 39 4 4 4 3 0 87 9 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 33 12 7 4 6 1 76 11 740
2022 First Nation 43 44 0 0 8 6 0 92 8 15
2020 Indigenous 44 37 9 0 0 10 0 90 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 34 13 4 2 6 0 79 7 535
2019 Indigenous 20 50 20 0 0 11 0 78 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 36 10 6 3 4 0 81 8 480

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 23 22 17 27 11 0 0 45 38 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 29 33 14 11 11 2 0 63 22 935
2024 First Nation 0 35 18 31 16 0 0 35 47 10
2024 Métis 34 16 13 29 8 0 0 50 37 15
2022 Indigenous 39 35 21 4 0 0 0 74 4 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 35 14 10 8 2 0 68 18 740
2022 First Nation 29 48 15 8 0 0 0 77 8 15
2020 Indigenous 44 37 10 0 0 10 0 89 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 36 15 8 2 2 0 74 11 535
2019 Indigenous 38 30 21 11 0 0 0 69 11 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 39 10 8 4 2 0 78 12 480

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 18 27 10 24 21 0 0 45 45 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 28 18 17 13 3 0 51 31 935
2024 First Nation 0 37 16 30 16 0 0 37 47 10
2024 Métis 31 20 7 16 26 0 0 50 43 15
2022 Indigenous 27 25 20 23 4 0 0 52 28 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 32 17 16 10 5 1 55 27 740
2022 First Nation 29 28 22 13 8 0 0 57 21 15
2020 Indigenous 26 46 9 10 0 10 0 79 11 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 36 18 11 4 3 0 66 15 530
2019 Indigenous 9 50 20 11 10 0 0 59 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 36 15 11 4 4 0 69 15 480

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 11 34 6 31 18 0 0 45 49 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 32 16 18 13 2 0 52 32 935
2024 First Nation 0 37 9 38 16 0 0 37 55 10
2024 Métis 18 31 5 29 16 0 0 50 45 15
2022 Indigenous 22 42 11 16 9 0 0 64 25 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 32 17 16 11 1 1 55 28 740
2022 First Nation 13 52 6 21 8 0 0 65 29 15
2020 Indigenous 35 46 19 0 0 0 0 81 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 42 12 13 4 2 0 71 18 535
2019 Indigenous 20 39 20 21 0 0 0 59 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 41 13 11 6 2 0 70 17 480

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 44 19 24 8 3 3 0 64 11 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 31 19 8 3 2 1 68 12 935
2024 First Nation 24 16 35 8 9 8 0 44 18 10
2024 Métis 49 22 20 8 0 0 0 72 8 15
2022 Indigenous 44 36 16 4 0 0 0 79 4 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 32 19 5 2 2 1 73 7 740
2022 First Nation 40 37 15 8 0 0 0 77 8 15
2020 Indigenous 44 28 9 19 0 0 0 72 19 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 33 16 5 2 2 0 77 7 535
2019 Indigenous 49 30 21 0 0 0 0 79 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 29 13 4 1 4 0 81 5 485
Top of page

My Organization (Department or Agency)

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 42 13 14 11 0 0 62 25 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 48 14 8 4 0 0 73 13 935
2024 First Nation 0 67 8 9 16 0 0 67 25 10
2024 Métis 34 27 17 13 8 0 0 61 22 15
2022 Indigenous 15 39 29 9 9 0 0 54 18 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 47 13 12 3 1 0 71 16 740
2022 First Nation 18 37 22 15 8 0 0 55 23 15
2020 Indigenous 54 37 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 43 14 8 2 1 0 75 10 535
2019 Indigenous 19 50 10 21 0 0 0 69 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 44 13 7 2 1 0 78 10 485

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 3 34 8 27 25 3 0 39 54 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 32 20 20 12 2 0 47 33 935
2024 First Nation 0 13 8 55 25 0 0 13 80 10
2024 Métis 6 51 8 13 22 0 0 57 35 15
2022 Indigenous 17 29 21 20 13 0 0 47 33 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 32 20 20 12 2 0 48 32 740
2022 First Nation 22 28 8 27 15 0 0 50 42 15
2020 Indigenous 44 27 9 10 0 10 0 79 11 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 21 40 16 15 4 3 1 64 20 530
2019 Indigenous 9 29 31 20 11 0 0 38 30 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 38 19 15 4 3 0 60 20 480

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 14 28 23 13 15 4 4 46 29 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 34 15 11 7 5 1 65 19 935
2024 First Nation 8 57 0 19 16 0 0 65 35 10
2024 Métis 19 9 33 10 15 7 6 33 29 15
2022 Indigenous 26 46 15 9 4 0 0 72 13 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 34 14 12 5 6 2 65 19 740
2022 First Nation 37 43 6 7 8 0 0 79 15 15
2020 Indigenous 44 46 0 10 0 0 0 90 10 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 32 15 8 5 3 2 71 13 535
2019 Indigenous 20 30 29 21 0 0 0 50 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 33 13 9 4 4 2 71 15 485

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 6 54 25 9 6 0 0 60 15 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 38 17 8 4 2 0 71 12 935
2024 First Nation 8 76 8 0 8 0 0 84 8 10
2024 Métis 6 36 38 15 5 0 0 42 20 15
2022 Indigenous 31 44 21 0 4 0 0 75 4 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 34 21 8 3 2 1 68 11 740
2022 First Nation 22 63 7 0 8 0 0 85 8 15
2020 Indigenous 54 28 19 0 0 0 0 81 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 37 20 6 2 1 0 72 7 530
2019 Indigenous 9 70 0 11 10 0 0 79 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 34 22 6 2 2 0 69 9 480

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 27 7 22 28 4 0 41 52 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 21 16 12 12 16 3 50 30 935
2024 First Nation 8 37 0 28 27 0 0 45 55 10
2024 Métis 16 19 6 20 32 7 0 38 56 15
2022 Indigenous 17 38 12 9 13 3 8 62 25 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 22 20 9 7 17 6 53 21 740
2022 First Nation 29 28 8 7 15 6 7 65 26 15
2020 Indigenous 44 19 9 10 0 10 9 77 12 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 24 18 9 7 17 3 57 20 535
2019 Indigenous 9 30 21 21 0 9 9 49 26 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 23 17 10 10 13 5 55 24 485

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 32 14 24 9 0 0 52 33 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 34 18 13 9 1 0 59 22 935
2024 First Nation 0 47 21 24 8 0 0 47 33 10
2024 Métis 34 22 12 20 11 0 0 56 31 15
2022 Indigenous 24 47 21 4 4 0 0 71 9 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 38 15 10 5 3 0 69 15 740
2022 First Nation 42 35 7 8 8 0 0 77 15 15
2020 Indigenous 36 27 28 10 0 0 0 63 10 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 37 15 10 4 3 0 70 15 535
2019 Indigenous 20 40 9 21 11 0 0 59 31 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 35 17 10 4 2 0 69 14 480

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 24 12 6 22 0 5 33 67 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 41 26 14 7 7 1 5 43 57 935
2024 First Nation 39 24 8 16 12 0 0 39 61 10
2024 Métis 25 26 9 0 31 0 9 27 73 15
2022 Indigenous 38 6 26 0 9 3 18 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 25 15 6 6 1 5 740
2022 First Nation 47 11 22 0 15 5 0 15
2020 Indigenous 82 0 18 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 23 14 8 5 1 3 535
2019 Indigenous 41 20 29 11 0 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 24 13 7 4 1 2 485

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 52 12 4 6 4 7 16 67 33 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 57 13 7 4 5 1 13 66 34 935
2024 First Nation 48 35 0 9 0 0 9 52 48 10
2024 Métis 49 0 6 4 6 12 23 74 26 15

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 16 12 5 3 10 12 54 46 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 72 8 6 3 2 4 6 80 20 935
2024 First Nation 70 10 12 0 0 8 0 76 24 10
2024 Métis 26 21 13 8 5 6 21 35 65 15
2022 Indigenous 65 8 4 0 4 0 18 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 75 8 4 2 2 4 5 740
2022 First Nation 86 6 0 0 8 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 73 9 18 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 80 7 4 2 1 3 4 535
2019 Indigenous 90 0 0 0 0 10 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 82 5 4 1 2 3 3 480

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 56 5 14 3 3 3 15 68 32 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 73 6 3 2 2 2 11 84 16 935
2024 First Nation 75 0 8 0 0 8 9 90 10 10
2024 Métis 46 9 13 6 6 0 21 58 42 15

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 52 4 14 14 3 0 13 60 40 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 61 12 6 4 4 3 9 69 31 935
2024 First Nation 65 0 18 8 0 0 9 71 29 10
2024 Métis 45 7 6 19 6 0 16 54 46 15

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 8 36 17 17 22 0 0 44 38 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 33 12 17 13 3 2 55 32 935
2024 First Nation 0 30 20 26 24 0 0 30 50 10
2024 Métis 8 44 12 13 22 0 0 53 36 15
2022 Indigenous 19 40 4 17 12 8 0 64 31 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 33 10 14 9 3 2 65 24 740
2022 First Nation 13 37 7 30 13 0 0 50 43 15
2020 Indigenous 27 18 27 19 10 0 0 45 28 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 28 16 14 8 4 3 59 24 535
2019 Indigenous 19 20 21 30 11 0 0 38 41 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 29 12 13 10 4 2 63 24 485

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 9 49 23 16 3 0 0 58 19 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 42 16 10 6 3 0 68 16 935
2024 First Nation 0 54 21 17 8 0 0 54 25 10
2024 Métis 15 41 26 18 0 0 0 56 18 15
2022 Indigenous 24 56 4 0 8 8 0 87 9 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 42 15 6 4 3 0 74 11 740
2022 First Nation 29 49 7 0 14 0 0 79 14 15
2020 Indigenous 36 46 18 0 0 0 0 82 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 45 13 8 1 2 0 78 10 535
2019 Indigenous 20 59 0 21 0 0 0 79 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 43 15 7 3 3 0 74 10 480

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 38 10 30 10 0 0 50 40 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 36 12 7 7 2 0 74 14 935
2024 First Nation 0 57 16 19 8 0 0 57 27 10
2024 Métis 22 25 7 34 12 0 0 47 46 15
2022 Indigenous 49 34 13 0 4 0 0 83 4 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 39 9 6 4 3 0 80 10 740
2022 First Nation 49 37 6 0 8 0 0 86 8 15
2020 Indigenous 63 28 0 10 0 0 0 90 10 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 38 12 6 1 1 0 81 7 530
2019 Indigenous 29 41 30 0 0 0 0 70 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 40 10 5 3 3 0 81 8 480

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 31 3 13 10 8 0 72 25 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 37 12 7 3 7 1 76 12 935
2024 First Nation 24 33 8 17 8 9 0 63 28 10
2024 Métis 40 33 0 6 12 8 0 80 20 15
2022 Indigenous 37 45 5 9 0 4 0 86 9 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 36 11 4 2 6 0 81 7 740
2022 First Nation 29 56 0 15 0 0 0 85 15 15
2020 Indigenous 54 46 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 36 12 2 1 6 0 83 4 535
2019 Indigenous 49 51 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 33 15 4 1 3 0 79 6 480

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 16 39 21 3 6 15 0 65 10 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 29 20 4 2 13 1 70 7 935
2024 First Nation 12 37 18 8 8 17 0 59 20 10
2024 Métis 15 45 19 0 5 16 0 72 6 15
2022 Indigenous 35 43 4 0 4 14 0 90 5 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 33 15 2 2 8 1 79 5 740
2022 First Nation 30 55 7 0 0 8 0 92 0 15
2020 Indigenous 63 37 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 32 18 4 1 9 1 75 5 535

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 44 6 12 10 7 0 70 23 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 30 8 8 6 5 4 76 16 935
2024 First Nation 17 68 0 0 8 8 0 91 9 10
2024 Métis 22 35 4 20 11 7 0 61 34 15
2022 Indigenous 47 28 0 12 8 0 4 79 21 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 32 8 5 4 6 4 81 10 735
2022 First Nation 64 22 0 8 6 0 0 86 14 15
2020 Indigenous 54 37 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 29 10 5 3 4 3 80 9 530

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 7 9 6 23 16 8 31 64 26 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 3 6 11 7 38 5 30 68 15 935
2024 First Nation 0 16 0 28 35 0 21 79 21 10
2024 Métis 12 6 4 22 7 14 36 56 35 15
2022 Indigenous 4 25 4 0 50 0 17 60 35 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 5 10 7 43 5 29 76 9 740
2022 First Nation 7 14 8 0 57 0 14 66 25 15

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 9 21 17 13 10 27 4 43 32 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 19 19 4 4 40 7 51 14 935
2024 First Nation 10 33 0 16 8 33 0 64 36 10
2024 Métis 9 16 29 6 11 22 7 35 25 15
2022 Indigenous 15 33 8 4 0 24 16 79 7 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 21 17 3 3 36 4 61 11 740
2022 First Nation 26 34 7 8 0 12 14 80 10 15

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 41 15 6 6 0 0 73 12 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 48 35 6 7 4 0 0 83 11 935
2024 First Nation 8 75 0 8 8 0 0 84 16 10
2024 Métis 44 26 20 6 5 0 0 69 11 15
2022 Indigenous 54 37 9 0 0 0 0 91 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 32 6 4 3 0 0 86 7 740
2022 First Nation 50 42 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 15
2020 Indigenous 62 38 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 58 32 6 3 1 0 0 90 4 530
2019 Indigenous 19 61 0 11 10 0 0 79 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 36 6 3 1 1 0 90 4 485

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 27 33 15 17 9 0 0 59 26 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 39 34 15 6 6 0 0 73 12 935
2024 First Nation 0 57 0 18 25 0 0 57 43 10
2024 Métis 41 22 25 12 0 0 0 63 12 15
2022 Indigenous 54 33 9 4 0 0 0 87 4 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 34 14 7 4 1 0 74 12 740
2022 First Nation 42 42 15 0 0 0 0 85 0 15
2020 Indigenous 72 0 19 10 0 0 0 72 10 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 28 13 9 3 1 0 75 12 530
2019 Indigenous 37 42 0 0 21 0 0 79 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 33 11 9 5 1 0 75 13 485

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 27 34 19 8 12 0 0 61 20 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 37 34 14 8 6 0 0 72 14 935
2024 First Nation 0 65 0 10 25 0 0 65 35 10
2024 Métis 41 20 27 7 5 0 0 61 12 15
2022 Indigenous 54 33 5 4 4 0 0 87 9 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 35 13 8 5 0 0 73 13 740
2022 First Nation 42 50 0 0 8 0 0 92 8 15
2020 Indigenous 62 28 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 31 14 7 3 0 0 76 10 530
2019 Indigenous 48 21 11 11 10 0 0 69 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 44 34 10 8 4 0 0 78 12 480
Top of page

Mobility and Retention

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 39 22 23 6 6 3 0 63 13 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 35 25 18 10 8 5 0 63 18 935
2024 First Nation 9 40 17 18 17 0 0 48 35 10
2024 Métis 57 8 30 0 0 5 0 69 0 15
2022 Indigenous 46 33 8 4 4 4 0 82 9 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 27 18 12 7 4 1 62 19 740
2022 First Nation 28 43 14 0 8 7 0 76 8 15
2020 Indigenous 63 18 0 19 0 0 0 81 19 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 24 19 10 6 3 1 63 17 535
2019 Indigenous 49 20 11 0 21 0 0 69 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 27 15 10 9 3 0 65 20 480

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Unsure
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 29 33 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 44 24 32 935
2024 First Nation 44 35 21 10
2024 Métis 39 29 33 15
2022 Indigenous 44 35 21 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 22 30 740
2022 First Nation 35 35 30 15
2020 Indigenous 37 26 37 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 25 41 535
2019 Indigenous 51 29 20 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 26 36 485

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.
Survey year Demographic To retire
(%)		 To pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)		 End of my term, casual or student employment
(%)		 Other reason
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 39 24 0 0 37 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 4 32 41 7 9 8 410
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 31 44 6 10 6 355
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Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 935
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 740
2020 Indigenous 0 100 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 535

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 57 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 60 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 70 40

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 67 33 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 67 33 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 70 30 40

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 55

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 0 100 40

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 5 95 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 55

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 55

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 55

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 66 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 60 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 54 40

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 32 68 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 49 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 60 40

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 44 56 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 53 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 56 40

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 55 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 69 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 62 40

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 64 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 63 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 70 40

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 51 49 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 48 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 68 40

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 76 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 68 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 77 40

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 0 100 40

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 55

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 55

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 51 49 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 45 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 48 40

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 78 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 82 40

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 14 86 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 55

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 51 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 47 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 63 37 40

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 72 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 65 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 75 40

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 55

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 15 85 40

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 94 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 55

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 55

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 40

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 79 55

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 69 90
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 74 55
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 83 40

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 50

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 23 77 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 50

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 50

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 50

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 50

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 50

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 70 50

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 82 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 50

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 50

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 31 69 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 76 50

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 7 93 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 50

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 51 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 47 50

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 50

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 53 47 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 56 44 50

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 81 80
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 50

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 9 10 4 4 48 15 52 20 935
2024 Métis 0 7 17 6 14 16 41 15 45 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 7 10 4 2 49 17 55 17 740
2020 Indigenous 35 18 10 0 0 37 0 85 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 12 15 3 2 39 12 60 10 535
2019 Indigenous 0 9 11 11 10 49 10 23 51 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 17 11 20 5 3 31 13 50 15 485

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 28 12 6 4 22 2 70 14 935
2022 Indigenous 38 25 11 0 0 22 4 85 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 30 12 3 2 21 4 77 7 740
2022 First Nation 51 13 6 0 0 22 7 91 0 15
2020 Indigenous 63 10 0 0 0 28 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 28 16 3 2 18 1 74 7 535
2019 Indigenous 28 30 31 11 0 0 0 58 11 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 28 16 4 1 16 2 73 7 485
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Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered. 

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 19 81 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 935
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 740
2019 Indigenous 0 100 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 5 95 485

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 67 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 54 35
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 59 25

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 70 30 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 73 27 35
2019 Non-Indigenous 81 19 25

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 35
2019 Non-Indigenous 0 100 25

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 35
2019 Non-Indigenous 0 100 25

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 35

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 35

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 84 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 35
2019 Non-Indigenous 0 100 25

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 75 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 70 35
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 72 25

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 79 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 35
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 79 25

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 11 89 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 35
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 76 25

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 35

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 29 71 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 79 35
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 76 25

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 20 80 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 80 35

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 35
2019 Non-Indigenous 0 100 25

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 35

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 35

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 22 78 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 73 35

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 35
2019 Non-Indigenous 0 100 25

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 29 71 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 73 35

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 35

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 34 66 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 74 35
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 71 25

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 15 85 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 35

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 85 35
2019 Non-Indigenous 0 100 25

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 82 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 77 35

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 35

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 35

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 35

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 88 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 35

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 46 54 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 56 44 35
2019 Non-Indigenous 50 50 25

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 35

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 81 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 35

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 35

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 35

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 35

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 92 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 35

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 91 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 35

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 75 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 35

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 87 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 35

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 28 72 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 79 35

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 10 90 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 35

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 60 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 53 35

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 100 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 35

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 59 41 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 57 43 35

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 83 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 35

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 13 10 12 4 3 46 11 53 18 935
2024 First Nation 0 22 9 0 0 60 9 72 0 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 9 13 2 2 50 13 56 9 740
2020 Indigenous 35 18 10 0 0 37 0 85 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 11 14 3 1 42 11 62 8 530
2019 Indigenous 0 9 31 0 0 49 10 23 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 12 19 1 2 36 11 57 6 480

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 27 29 13 6 3 19 3 71 12 935
2022 Indigenous 32 43 4 4 4 12 0 86 9 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 32 13 3 2 19 3 77 6 740
2020 Indigenous 63 10 0 0 0 28 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 28 17 3 1 17 2 74 5 535
2019 Indigenous 28 30 31 0 0 11 0 65 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 26 15 2 1 18 3 76 4 485

Question 72. Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination: I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 0 6 5 11 32 46 0 11 79 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 12 7 28 20 17 8 28 63 10
Top of page

Stress and Well-Being

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 34 31 4 10 17 0 4 35 65 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 43 27 15 5 6 1 3 45 55 935
2024 First Nation 43 37 0 0 20 0 0 43 57 10
2024 Métis 27 31 7 11 17 0 7 29 71 15
2022 Indigenous 30 30 21 0 15 0 4 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 28 16 7 9 0 3 740
2022 First Nation 44 28 14 0 13 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 36 19 27 0 18 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 28 19 7 8 0 1 535
2019 Indigenous 20 20 39 0 21 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 30 19 8 13 0 1 485

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 21 24 20 16 20 0 0 21 79 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 25 29 15 15 0 1 16 84 935
2024 First Nation 31 19 23 17 9 0 0 31 69 10
2024 Métis 17 28 16 17 22 0 0 17 83 15
2022 Indigenous 17 21 40 12 4 0 6 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 28 26 16 18 0 1 735
2022 First Nation 13 37 21 21 8 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 28 17 27 9 19 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 18 28 23 19 0 0 535
2019 Indigenous 0 29 30 20 21 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 23 27 21 13 0 0 485

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 19 21 14 18 26 0 3 19 81 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 17 27 23 17 15 0 1 17 83 930
2024 First Nation 8 23 9 24 36 0 0 8 92 10
2024 Métis 27 22 13 11 22 0 6 28 72 15
2022 Indigenous 27 34 16 15 8 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 24 25 17 18 0 1 735
2022 First Nation 11 41 28 20 0 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 18 18 36 19 10 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 21 27 21 18 0 0 535
2019 Indigenous 0 29 19 42 11 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 24 25 18 14 1 0 480

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 20 16 3 21 30 6 3 22 78 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 25 24 14 14 0 2 22 78 935
2024 First Nation 21 10 9 24 28 8 0 22 78 10
2024 Métis 22 22 0 16 28 5 6 25 75 15
2022 Indigenous 18 28 22 4 29 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 24 25 16 17 1 1 740
2022 First Nation 0 35 29 6 30 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 9 18 35 38 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 15 21 23 20 19 1 1 535
2019 Indigenous 20 11 28 21 21 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 26 23 20 14 1 1 485

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 35 14 25 12 7 0 8 38 62 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 25 14 7 7 0 5 44 56 935
2024 First Nation 39 16 16 20 8 0 0 39 61 10
2024 Métis 36 7 28 9 7 0 14 41 59 15
2022 Indigenous 43 25 24 4 4 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 25 17 8 9 0 3 740
2022 First Nation 32 26 29 6 7 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 28 36 8 10 19 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 23 21 16 13 0 1 535
2019 Indigenous 41 29 20 0 11 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 28 15 12 9 1 2 480

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 18 25 12 11 33 0 0 18 82 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 24 21 13 16 0 1 25 75 935
2024 First Nation 39 16 15 17 12 0 0 39 61 10
2024 Métis 7 33 7 9 44 0 0 7 93 15
2022 Indigenous 40 27 12 4 16 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 28 20 11 13 0 0 740
2022 First Nation 24 33 22 8 14 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 28 27 9 28 9 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 20 21 24 19 17 0 0 535
2019 Indigenous 30 21 38 0 11 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 28 23 12 11 0 0 480

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 27 22 18 25 6 0 3 28 72 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 30 22 12 10 0 1 26 74 935
2024 First Nation 29 18 19 17 16 0 0 29 71 10
2024 Métis 28 27 14 26 0 0 6 30 70 15
2022 Indigenous 44 24 8 3 12 8 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 29 20 10 8 1 1 740
2022 First Nation 36 29 7 6 22 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 36 19 46 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 35 22 8 4 0 1 535
2019 Indigenous 9 39 41 11 0 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 32 20 7 5 1 1 480

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 18 34 15 23 7 0 3 18 82 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 29 23 17 14 0 1 16 84 935
2024 First Nation 31 25 8 28 8 0 0 31 69 10
2024 Métis 12 44 20 11 6 0 6 13 87 15
2022 Indigenous 18 34 16 25 8 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 31 23 15 13 0 0 740
2022 First Nation 0 44 20 36 0 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 18 18 45 19 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 26 27 20 10 0 0 535
2019 Indigenous 0 39 30 20 11 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 27 27 16 8 1 1 485

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 25 23 7 10 0 3 32 68 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 25 27 23 12 12 0 1 25 75 935
2024 First Nation 43 16 16 9 16 0 0 43 57 10
2024 Métis 28 33 19 7 6 0 6 30 70 15
2022 Indigenous 22 36 16 9 17 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 28 23 12 12 0 1 740
2022 First Nation 11 42 22 16 8 0 0 10
2020 Indigenous 35 38 27 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 32 23 11 7 0 0 530
2019 Indigenous 19 10 50 10 11 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 27 21 15 7 0 0 485

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 28 14 20 5 3 0 32 68 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 44 27 14 6 7 0 1 44 56 935
2024 First Nation 22 45 8 17 0 8 0 24 76 10
2024 Métis 34 21 13 24 8 0 0 34 66 15
2022 Indigenous 59 20 4 9 8 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 28 11 6 5 1 1 740
2022 First Nation 49 14 8 15 14 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 63 19 19 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 29 13 7 5 0 1 535
2019 Indigenous 19 41 9 21 11 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 50 23 12 8 5 1 1 485

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 56 19 7 4 14 0 0 56 44 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 49 25 13 5 6 0 2 50 50 935
2024 First Nation 57 27 0 0 16 0 0 57 43 10
2024 Métis 57 16 12 7 8 0 0 57 43 15
2022 Indigenous 68 12 12 0 8 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 25 14 5 4 0 1 740
2022 First Nation 58 20 21 0 0 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 17 28 46 8 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 31 20 12 6 0 0 535

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 25 29 9 4 0 0 33 67 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 33 31 19 9 7 1 1 33 67 935
2024 First Nation 37 18 38 8 0 0 0 37 63 10
2024 Métis 30 31 21 11 6 0 0 30 70 15
2022 Indigenous 37 31 29 4 0 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 31 21 9 5 0 1 740
2022 First Nation 16 40 37 6 0 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 28 37 35 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 29 23 12 7 0 1 535
2019 Indigenous 30 30 29 11 0 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 32 19 9 4 0 0 480

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 31 13 9 13 34 0 0 31 69 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 36 20 16 10 15 0 3 37 63 930
2024 First Nation 43 16 8 24 8 0 0 43 57 10
2024 Métis 27 13 0 7 53 0 0 27 73 15
2022 Indigenous 43 26 11 4 16 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 22 14 9 10 1 2 735
2022 First Nation 51 22 19 0 8 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 45 28 27 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 27 14 3 1 0 2 525
2019 Indigenous 49 31 20 0 0 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 55 17 12 8 7 0 0 485

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 59 12 12 10 4 0 3 61 39 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 52 27 11 3 5 0 2 53 47 935
2024 First Nation 65 15 12 8 0 0 0 65 35 10
2024 Métis 58 12 7 12 7 0 4 61 39 15
2022 Indigenous 51 26 13 3 8 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 25 10 3 2 0 1 735
2022 First Nation 55 32 8 5 0 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 36 28 18 0 18 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 48 32 14 5 2 0 0 530

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 70 6 4 7 0 4 10 81 19 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 70 10 5 2 3 1 9 78 22 935
2024 First Nation 75 16 0 0 0 0 9 83 17 10
2024 Métis 70 0 6 6 0 7 11 85 15 15

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 58 7 4 13 9 0 10 64 36 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 60 15 7 4 6 1 7 65 35 930
2024 First Nation 65 8 0 18 0 0 9 71 29 10
2024 Métis 55 7 6 6 15 0 11 61 39 15

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 51 12 12 8 0 10 7 62 38 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 74 8 5 3 4 1 5 79 21 930
2024 First Nation 56 12 16 0 0 16 0 66 34 10
2024 Métis 49 7 10 15 0 8 12 61 39 15
2022 Indigenous 76 21 0 4 0 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 78 8 3 1 2 1 5 740
2022 First Nation 86 7 0 6 0 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 91 9 0 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 82 7 2 2 2 0 4 530
2019 Indigenous 79 0 0 10 11 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 77 9 4 3 4 0 2 480

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 54 33 7 0 5 0 0 54 46 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 64 19 8 2 3 1 3 67 33 930
2024 First Nation 62 26 12 0 0 0 0 62 38 10
2024 Métis 51 35 5 0 8 0 0 51 49 15
2022 Indigenous 51 33 0 8 8 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 70 18 6 2 1 0 3 740
2022 First Nation 51 43 0 6 0 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 75 14 7 1 1 0 2 530
2019 Indigenous 49 9 10 21 11 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 63 20 9 3 3 0 1 480

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 58 17 20 3 3 0 0 58 42 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 63 16 8 3 6 1 3 65 35 935
2024 First Nation 61 10 12 8 8 0 0 61 39 10
2024 Métis 57 16 27 0 0 0 0 57 43 15
2022 Indigenous 59 21 9 4 8 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 66 17 6 5 4 0 2 740
2022 First Nation 49 29 15 6 0 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 90 10 0 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 67 17 7 4 3 0 2 530

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 81 5 0 0 0 0 14 94 6 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 60 11 6 2 2 1 19 75 25 935
2024 First Nation 92 0 0 0 0 0 8 100 0 10
2024 Métis 72 9 0 0 0 0 19 89 11 15
2022 Indigenous 69 20 0 0 8 0 3 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 68 11 4 2 0 0 14 740
2022 First Nation 60 35 0 0 0 0 6 15
2020 Indigenous 63 10 10 8 0 0 9 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 71 9 3 1 0 0 15 530
2019 Indigenous 39 41 9 10 0 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 61 10 5 2 1 1 20 480

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 64 22 10 0 0 0 4 67 33 25
2024 Non-Indigenous 72 13 4 2 2 1 6 78 22 935
2024 First Nation 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2024 Métis 44 38 12 0 0 0 6 47 53 15
2022 Indigenous 67 9 9 4 11 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 77 13 4 1 0 0 5 735
2022 First Nation 64 15 15 0 6 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 78 13 4 1 1 0 3 530
2019 Indigenous 89 11 0 0 0 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 70 15 6 3 1 0 4 480

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 54 20 6 10 7 3 0 56 44 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 57 19 10 3 6 1 4 60 40 935
2024 First Nation 56 19 9 8 0 8 0 61 39 10
2024 Métis 54 23 4 13 6 0 0 54 46 15
2022 Indigenous 64 21 4 4 8 0 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 76 10 4 3 3 0 4 740
2022 First Nation 68 18 6 8 0 0 0 15
2020 Indigenous 70 30 0 0 0 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 74 13 6 2 2 0 2 535
2019 Indigenous 79 10 10 0 0 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 76 10 6 2 3 0 3 480

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 32 44 12 12 0 0 0 32 68 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 48 26 15 4 3 0 3 50 50 935
2024 First Nation 52 27 21 0 0 0 0 52 48 10
2024 Métis 19 53 8 20 0 0 0 19 81 15
2022 Indigenous 50 15 20 3 7 4 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 26 13 5 3 0 2 740
2022 First Nation 47 18 21 5 0 8 0 15
2020 Indigenous 55 18 18 0 9 0 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 30 15 7 3 0 1 535
2019 Indigenous 80 0 20 0 0 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 56 26 12 4 1 0 1 480

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)		 Low
(%)		 Moderate
(%)		 High
(%)		 Very High
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 26 37 15 22 0 0 26 37 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 6 31 39 16 7 0 0 37 24 935
2024 First Nation 0 48 16 28 8 0 0 48 37 10
2024 Métis 0 16 42 9 33 0 0 16 42 15
2022 Indigenous 15 32 41 12 0 0 0 48 12 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 29 39 17 6 0 0 38 23 740
2022 First Nation 0 35 45 21 0 0 0 35 21 15
2020 Indigenous 9 36 38 8 9 0 0 45 17 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 26 39 21 5 0 0 35 26 535
2019 Indigenous 0 58 21 21 0 0 0 58 21 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 30 38 14 5 0 0 43 19 485

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 13 35 42 10 0 0 0 10 48 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 12 23 40 19 6 0 0 25 35 935
2024 First Nation 17 20 46 17 0 0 0 17 37 10
2024 Métis 12 38 44 6 0 0 0 6 50 15
2022 Indigenous 12 24 24 23 18 0 0 41 35 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 22 39 18 11 0 0 29 32 735
2022 First Nation 21 7 27 24 21 0 0 45 28 15
2020 Indigenous 9 37 45 9 0 0 0 9 46 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 26 37 15 7 0 0 23 40 535
2019 Indigenous 21 20 41 19 0 0 0 19 41 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 17 42 19 10 0 0 30 28 480

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 3 53 20 12 8 3 0 59 20 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 19 35 21 11 8 5 0 57 21 935
2024 First Nation 0 59 0 24 8 8 0 65 35 10
2024 Métis 6 45 35 6 8 0 0 51 15 15
2022 Indigenous 35 27 9 13 4 12 0 71 19 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 41 18 9 6 5 0 66 16 740
2022 First Nation 38 33 15 8 6 0 0 71 14 15
2020 Indigenous 72 19 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 43 11 4 2 2 0 83 6 535
2019 Indigenous 28 41 21 11 0 0 0 69 11 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 42 13 5 2 2 0 80 7 485

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)		 Very good
(%)		 Good
(%)		 Fair
(%)		 Poor
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 0 16 55 19 10 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 8 23 39 22 7 935
2024 First Nation 0 28 55 9 8 10
2024 Métis 0 6 61 22 12 15
2022 Indigenous 10 28 35 27 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 24 37 23 7 740
2022 First Nation 8 25 33 34 0 15

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 55 37 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 57 25 8 3 4 2 1 85 7 935
2024 First Nation 47 41 12 0 0 0 0 88 0 10
2024 Métis 54 39 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 15
2022 Indigenous 60 28 8 4 0 0 0 88 4 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 30 8 3 2 3 1 87 5 740
2022 First Nation 57 36 0 7 0 0 0 93 7 15
2020 Indigenous 55 45 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 51 31 11 3 2 1 0 83 5 535

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 47 38 12 3 0 0 0 85 3 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 47 25 9 10 8 1 0 73 18 935
2024 First Nation 47 32 12 8 0 0 0 80 8 10
2024 Métis 48 39 14 0 0 0 0 86 0 15
2022 Indigenous 76 9 0 4 11 0 0 85 15 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 29 9 9 5 1 1 76 15 740
2022 First Nation 72 15 0 7 6 0 0 87 13 15
2020 Indigenous 50 30 20 0 0 0 0 80 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 32 10 10 5 1 0 75 15 530

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 51 35 7 7 0 0 0 86 7 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 56 26 7 5 4 1 1 83 9 935
2024 First Nation 47 24 20 8 0 0 0 71 8 10
2024 Métis 54 39 0 7 0 0 0 93 7 15
2022 Indigenous 66 19 4 0 11 0 0 84 11 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 56 29 5 5 3 1 1 86 8 740
2022 First Nation 64 22 8 0 6 0 0 86 6 15
2020 Indigenous 63 28 9 0 0 0 0 91 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 54 31 6 5 3 1 1 86 8 535

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 12 49 6 16 10 3 5 66 28 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 24 38 15 11 10 2 0 63 21 935
2024 First Nation 9 67 0 8 8 8 0 83 17 10
2024 Métis 15 32 10 22 12 0 9 52 37 15
2022 Indigenous 39 21 8 20 9 4 0 63 30 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 41 13 13 6 3 0 67 19 740
2022 First Nation 42 14 0 21 15 7 0 61 39 15
2020 Indigenous 45 46 9 0 0 0 0 91 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 34 17 11 4 3 0 67 16 535
2019 Indigenous 28 10 30 31 0 0 0 38 31 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 36 16 11 6 2 0 66 18 485

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 48 15 13 7 1 0 65 20 285
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 45 17 15 3 1 0 64 18 230
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Duty to Accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 38 62 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 16 84 935
2024 First Nation 34 66 10
2024 Métis 38 62 15
2022 Indigenous 15 85 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 740
2022 First Nation 26 74 15
2020 Indigenous 10 90 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 530
2019 Indigenous 9 91 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 87 480

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 58 42 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 69 31 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 67 33 95

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 65 35 10
2024 Non-Indigenous 71 29 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 72 28 90

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 40 27 9 14 8 3 0 68 22 110
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 36 10 12 1 3 0 76 14 65

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 42 41 4 9 0 4 0 86 10 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 45 32 9 6 4 2 2 80 11 935
2024 First Nation 43 36 12 9 0 0 0 79 9 10
2024 Métis 40 42 0 11 0 7 0 89 11 15
2022 Indigenous 58 35 0 0 0 0 8 100 0 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 33 8 5 3 2 4 83 8 740
2022 First Nation 65 29 0 0 0 0 6 100 0 15
2020 Indigenous 63 18 10 0 0 0 10 89 0 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 33 5 2 1 3 4 91 4 530
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Compensation

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 28 65 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 21 63 935
2024 First Nation 0 100 10
2024 Métis 41 47 15
2022 Indigenous 37 41 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 60 740
2022 First Nation 50 40 15
2020 Indigenous 45 19 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 45 535

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 58 42 195
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 59 175

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 18 33 17 13 18 0 1 52 31 195
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 25 14 18 25 0 5 40 46 175

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Non-Indigenous 9 20 14 15 30 2 10 33 51 195
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 17 13 14 40 1 8 27 59 175

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2024 Indigenous 33 33 4 8 8 6 9 39 61 30
2024 Non-Indigenous 42 16 10 7 5 2 17 53 47 935
2024 First Nation 46 26 0 0 12 8 8 55 45 10
2024 Métis 24 41 0 14 7 5 10 28 72 15
2022 Indigenous 26 13 13 11 0 4 33 20
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 16 10 7 7 3 16 740
2022 First Nation 31 23 7 19 0 7 13 15
2020 Indigenous 45 9 19 0 18 0 10 10
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 19 14 9 8 1 11 535
2019 Indigenous 59 30 10 0 0 0 0 10
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 19 14 10 10 1 5 475
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