2024 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada by Question 108. In which province or territory do you work?

The results of the 2024 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented according to the numerical order of questions, grouped by section theme as they appeared in the questionnaire. Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Positive answers" and "Negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Results for questions 44, 73 and 93 are calculated differently than previous years to provide a more accurate and meaningful reflection of employee experiences. The calculation of negative answers now includes "To a very large extent", "To a large extent", "To a moderate extent" and "To a small extent". Because of this adjustment, results for these questions are not directly comparable to previous years.

Survey Themes

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My Job

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 38 44 5 11 2 0 0 82 13 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 51 29 0 14 5 0 0 81 19 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 60 24 0 16 0 0 0 84 16 10
2022 National Capital Region 42 46 3 6 3 0 0 88 9 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 64 20 0 8 8 0 0 84 16 10
2020 National Capital Region 38 47 4 8 3 0 0 85 11 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 36 43 7 14 0 0 0 79 14 15

Question 2. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 75 18 3 3 1 0 0 93 4 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 81 19 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 75 17 0 0 8 0 0 92 8 10

Question 3. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 64 24 3 6 3 0 0 88 9 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 80 13 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 48 33 8 0 11 0 0 81 11 10

Question 4. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 36 32 9 14 8 0 2 69 22 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 40 20 0 13 27 0 0 60 40 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 68 32 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2022 National Capital Region 43 33 8 8 4 1 3 79 12 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 72 11 0 0 8 9 0 91 9 10
2020 National Capital Region 29 47 11 10 2 0 1 77 12 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 14 64 14 0 7 0 0 79 7 15

Question 5. I get the training I need to do my job.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 35 42 10 9 3 0 0 77 13 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 38 37 0 26 0 0 0 74 26 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 39 52 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2022 National Capital Region 35 42 10 10 3 0 0 77 13 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 84 8 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 10
2020 National Capital Region 39 39 11 7 3 0 0 79 10 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 36 36 7 21 0 0 0 71 21 15

Question 6. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 43 40 7 7 3 0 0 83 10 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 40 47 0 8 5 0 0 87 13 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 58 23 19 0 0 0 0 81 0 10
2022 National Capital Region 50 34 7 7 3 0 0 84 10 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 64 28 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 10
2020 National Capital Region 44 35 12 7 2 0 0 79 9 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 14 71 7 0 7 0 0 86 7 15

Question 7. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 50 30 7 9 5 0 0 79 14 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 61 8 5 5 0 0 82 10 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 56 33 0 0 11 0 0 89 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 53 32 7 5 4 0 0 85 8 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 72 19 9 0 0 0 0 91 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 50 25 10 11 4 0 0 75 15 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 36 36 7 7 14 0 0 71 21 15

Question 8. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 43 35 13 8 2 0 0 78 9 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 44 44 6 5 0 0 0 89 5 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 39 46 8 7 0 0 0 85 7 10
2022 National Capital Region 43 34 13 7 4 0 0 77 10 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 45 55 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 41 39 10 8 3 0 0 80 11 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 29 43 7 21 0 0 0 71 21 15

Question 9. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 36 38 11 8 6 0 1 75 14 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 14 59 16 10 0 0 0 74 10 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 41 23 25 0 11 0 0 64 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 41 38 12 5 4 0 0 79 9 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 56 36 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 41 33 10 11 4 1 0 75 15 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 29 50 7 14 0 0 0 79 14 15

Question 10. I have clear work objectives.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 38 42 10 7 3 0 0 80 10 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 55 32 0 8 5 0 0 87 13 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 41 43 16 0 0 0 0 84 0 10
2022 National Capital Region 44 41 5 6 4 0 0 85 10 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 66 26 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 41 40 9 8 3 0 0 81 10 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 15 46 23 15 0 0 0 62 15 15

Question 11. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 56 33 6 4 1 0 0 89 5 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 63 32 5 0 0 0 0 95 0 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 41 51 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2022 National Capital Region 59 35 3 1 1 0 0 95 2 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 74 26 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 55 36 4 2 2 1 0 92 4 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 29 64 0 7 0 0 0 93 7 15

Question 12. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 42 35 12 8 3 0 0 78 11 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 40 41 8 5 5 0 0 82 10 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 41 40 8 0 11 0 0 81 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 45 35 11 4 5 0 0 80 9 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 59 33 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 10
2020 National Capital Region 42 32 11 9 7 0 0 74 15 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 14 50 21 7 7 0 0 64 14 15

Question 13. I am proud of the work that I do.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 51 33 14 1 1 0 0 84 2 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 52 37 6 0 5 0 0 89 5 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 50 42 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2022 National Capital Region 58 27 11 3 1 0 0 85 4 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 55 38 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 10
2020 National Capital Region 54 35 8 1 2 0 0 89 3 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 14 64 14 0 7 0 0 79 7 15

Question 14. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 34 42 10 10 3 0 1 77 14 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 10 56 16 5 13 0 0 66 18 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 25 48 0 16 11 0 0 73 27 10
2022 National Capital Region 46 32 13 6 4 0 0 78 9 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 68 24 0 0 0 0 8 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 39 39 12 6 5 0 0 78 10 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 36 36 7 21 0 0 0 71 21 15

Question 15. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 45 34 9 7 6 0 0 79 13 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 29 39 13 19 0 0 0 68 19 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 33 44 15 8 0 0 0 77 8 10
2022 National Capital Region 49 29 12 7 4 0 0 78 11 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 63 29 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 40 36 9 9 6 0 1 76 14 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 36 36 7 7 7 7 0 77 15 15

Question 16. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 46 35 13 4 2 0 0 81 6 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 48 33 8 7 5 0 0 81 12 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 25 67 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2022 National Capital Region 45 36 9 6 2 0 0 82 9 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 53 31 16 0 0 0 0 84 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 40 38 11 7 4 0 0 78 11 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 14 64 0 14 0 0 7 85 15 15

Question 17. Overall, I like my job.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 51 31 10 6 1 0 1 82 7 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 46 48 0 0 5 0 0 95 5 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 50 42 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2022 National Capital Region 47 36 11 4 2 0 0 83 6 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 67 25 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 10
2020 National Capital Region 43 39 11 4 3 0 0 82 7 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 14 57 0 29 0 0 0 71 29 15

Question 18. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 44 33 15 5 3 0 0 77 8 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 55 20 10 14 0 0 0 75 14 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 31 43 11 16 0 0 0 73 16 10
2022 National Capital Region 33 40 16 7 4 0 0 73 11 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 53 47 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 31 37 19 8 5 0 1 68 13 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 29 29 36 7 0 0 0 57 7 15

Question 19a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 5 17 38 30 10 0 1 40 22 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 12 8 58 17 5 0 0 22 20 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 0 19 35 38 8 0 0 46 19 10
2022 National Capital Region 8 21 35 22 12 0 3 35 29 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 31 17 22 23 8 0 48 34 10
2020 National Capital Region 6 24 37 23 8 2 1 32 31 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 7 29 43 7 14 0 0 21 36 15

Question 19b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 14 21 36 18 9 0 1 27 36 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 14 27 28 0 11 10 9 14 51 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 9 27 33 23 8 0 0 31 36 10
2022 National Capital Region 13 18 37 20 8 1 2 30 32 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 8 32 16 13 23 8 0 39 43 10
2020 National Capital Region 12 19 32 23 12 2 1 36 32 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 14 29 43 0 7 0 7 8 46 15

Question 19c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 5 14 32 37 11 1 1 49 19 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 5 44 26 14 10 0 45 6 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 0 22 40 16 23 0 0 39 22 10
2022 National Capital Region 7 17 38 23 14 0 1 38 24 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 0 31 21 32 16 0 63 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 6 17 35 27 15 1 0 42 23 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 14 21 36 14 7 0 7 23 38 15

Question 19d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 6 19 29 28 14 1 3 44 26 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 13 18 39 29 0 0 69 13 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 0 19 20 38 16 8 0 58 20 10
2022 National Capital Region 13 19 33 19 14 2 2 34 32 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 9 8 27 16 32 8 0 52 18 10
2020 National Capital Region 9 24 27 23 14 3 0 38 34 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 43 21 14 14 0 7 31 46 15

Question 19e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 5 13 31 25 23 2 2 50 18 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 5 19 19 15 24 8 10 47 30 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 8 22 0 14 56 0 0 70 30 10
2022 National Capital Region 14 20 28 19 11 5 3 32 37 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 8 21 9 9 31 22 0 51 37 10
2020 National Capital Region 9 14 33 23 13 7 2 39 25 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 29 21 14 21 7 7 42 33 15

Question 19f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 10 21 34 20 11 1 2 33 32 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 13 17 47 0 5 10 8 6 36 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 0 11 24 32 32 0 0 65 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 9 19 40 20 9 1 3 30 29 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 19 26 35 12 8 0 51 20 10
2020 National Capital Region 8 15 35 27 12 2 1 40 24 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 7 29 43 0 14 0 7 15 38 15

Question 19g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 5 24 44 17 8 0 2 26 29 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 12 0 64 16 0 0 8 17 13 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 0 8 61 7 23 0 0 30 8 10
2022 National Capital Region 7 18 44 21 8 0 2 29 26 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 25 13 48 14 0 0 62 25 10
2020 National Capital Region 7 18 41 23 11 0 1 34 25 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 14 14 43 21 0 0 7 23 31 15
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My Work Unit

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 26 32 17 9 2 9 4 68 13 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 37 20 8 14 10 5 5 64 27 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 27 30 0 0 19 8 16 75 25 10
2022 National Capital Region 32 35 12 6 5 8 4 75 12 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 48 24 0 8 0 0 20 90 10 10
2020 National Capital Region 27 28 16 11 6 9 3 63 19 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 29 29 14 0 0 7 54 15 15

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 55 31 7 4 2 0 0 87 7 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 42 42 5 0 5 5 0 89 5 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 73 8 8 0 11 0 0 81 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 56 29 6 6 3 0 0 85 9 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 76 16 0 0 0 8 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 48 30 8 9 4 2 0 80 12 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 36 36 0 21 7 0 0 71 29 15

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 63 27 5 3 1 0 0 90 5 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 50 45 0 0 5 0 0 95 5 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 72 17 0 0 11 0 0 89 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 61 30 4 1 3 0 0 91 4 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 58 42 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 56 29 8 6 2 0 0 85 7 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 50 29 7 14 0 0 0 79 14 15

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 54 35 7 2 1 1 0 90 3 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 41 46 8 0 5 0 0 87 5 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 73 8 8 0 11 0 0 81 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 56 29 8 3 3 0 0 85 6 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 59 33 0 0 0 0 8 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 48 38 8 2 2 2 0 87 4 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 43 36 7 14 0 0 0 79 14 15

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 35 37 11 3 5 5 5 79 9 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 45 28 8 18 0 0 0 74 18 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 34 31 0 0 19 16 0 77 23 10
2022 National Capital Region 47 26 8 8 5 3 3 77 15 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 76 0 8 8 8 0 0 76 16 10

Question 25. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 36 32 11 5 5 6 5 76 11 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 39 29 8 19 5 0 0 67 24 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 41 23 0 0 19 16 0 77 23 10
2022 National Capital Region 46 27 10 7 5 2 3 77 12 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 68 0 8 0 16 8 0 74 18 10
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My Immediate Supervisor

Question 26. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 54 28 12 2 1 0 3 84 4 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 39 39 0 14 0 0 8 85 15 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 24 23 8 8 11 11 16 63 26 10
2022 National Capital Region 56 25 10 2 2 1 3 85 4 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 62 38 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 56 18 13 5 3 3 2 78 9 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 64 29 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 15

Question 27. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 50 33 8 5 4 0 0 83 9 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 50 36 0 0 14 0 0 86 14 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 49 24 8 0 20 0 0 72 20 10
2022 National Capital Region 55 31 6 5 2 1 0 86 7 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 84 8 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 10
2020 National Capital Region 49 27 11 6 4 1 1 78 10 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 62 23 8 8 0 0 0 85 8 15

Question 28. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 59 21 12 5 2 1 0 81 7 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 48 25 8 5 5 9 0 80 11 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 33 39 17 0 11 0 0 72 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 59 22 10 3 2 1 1 84 6 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 68 16 8 0 0 8 0 91 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 56 19 13 7 4 2 1 77 10 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 62 23 0 8 8 0 0 85 15 15

Question 29. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 53 30 6 6 3 0 1 85 9 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 45 42 8 0 5 0 0 87 5 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 41 39 0 9 11 0 0 80 20 10
2022 National Capital Region 57 26 10 4 3 0 1 83 7 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 45 55 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 56 26 8 5 4 1 1 83 9 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 31 23 23 15 0 8 0 58 17 15

Question 30. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 71 19 6 1 1 0 1 91 2 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 62 38 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 73 19 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2022 National Capital Region 74 15 4 2 2 2 0 92 4 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 63 24 0 0 0 13 0 100 0 10

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 63 23 5 6 2 0 0 87 8 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 61 21 13 0 5 0 0 82 5 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 64 16 0 9 11 0 0 80 20 10
2022 National Capital Region 62 25 5 3 4 0 1 88 8 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 67 33 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 62 18 9 5 6 0 0 80 11 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 43 29 21 7 0 0 0 71 7 15

Question 32. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 85 10 3 0 1 0 1 96 1 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 82 18 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 89 0 0 0 11 0 0 89 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 87 10 2 0 1 0 0 97 1 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 84 16 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
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Senior Management

Question 33. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 43 26 11 7 5 8 0 75 13 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 58 32 0 5 5 0 0 90 10 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 48 9 0 8 11 24 0 75 25 10
2022 National Capital Region 44 29 10 5 3 9 0 81 8 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 63 29 0 0 0 8 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 42 25 14 9 2 8 0 73 12 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 29 36 0 14 7 7 7 75 25 15

Question 34. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 37 31 15 9 6 2 0 69 16 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 58 19 0 18 5 0 0 77 23 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 38 9 8 8 11 27 0 63 26 10
2022 National Capital Region 42 32 11 9 3 3 0 76 12 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 84 8 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 42 30 14 9 4 2 0 73 13 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 43 36 0 7 14 0 0 79 21 15

Question 35. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 30 30 17 12 5 5 0 64 18 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 41 41 0 5 13 0 0 82 18 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 15 34 16 0 11 24 0 64 15 10
2022 National Capital Region 29 36 17 11 4 4 0 67 16 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 63 13 16 0 0 8 0 83 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 26 36 19 11 5 5 0 64 16 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 29 21 14 14 14 0 7 54 31 15

Question 36. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 28 37 15 14 5 1 0 65 19 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 34 33 9 5 13 5 0 71 19 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 30 27 16 0 11 16 0 68 13 10
2022 National Capital Region 27 40 14 13 6 1 0 67 19 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 35 41 16 0 0 8 0 83 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 19 45 13 15 7 1 0 65 22 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 36 21 0 21 0 0 57 21 15

Question 37. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 57 31 9 2 0 1 0 88 2 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 66 13 21 0 0 0 0 79 0 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 33 55 0 0 11 0 0 89 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 62 23 12 2 0 0 0 86 3 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 63 29 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 66 21 9 4 1 0 0 87 4 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 77 23 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 15
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My Organization (Department or Agency)

Question 38. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 38 43 9 7 2 0 0 82 9 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 48 34 13 0 5 0 0 82 5 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 40 32 8 9 11 0 0 72 20 10
2022 National Capital Region 35 52 7 5 1 0 0 88 6 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 76 24 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 43 42 11 4 1 0 0 85 5 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 57 14 0 0 7 0 85 0 15

Question 39. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 18 41 20 15 4 2 0 60 20 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 10 56 9 25 0 0 0 66 25 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 15 39 35 0 11 0 0 54 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 20 45 15 12 6 2 0 66 19 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 31 53 16 0 0 0 0 84 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 26 41 10 14 5 5 0 70 20 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 7 50 7 29 7 0 0 57 36 15

Question 40. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 37 34 15 8 2 3 1 74 10 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 15 62 9 14 0 0 0 77 14 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 15 66 8 0 11 0 0 81 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 36 36 10 8 5 4 1 76 14 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 32 61 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 34 29 15 10 6 4 2 68 17 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 36 7 7 21 7 0 62 31 15

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 38 39 15 4 3 1 0 78 7 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 19 63 5 8 5 0 0 82 13 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 32 41 16 0 11 0 0 73 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 40 36 15 5 2 1 0 77 7 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 67 9 24 0 0 0 0 76 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 39 34 17 5 2 3 0 75 7 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 15 38 15 15 15 0 0 54 31 15

Question 42. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 23 25 17 9 10 14 2 57 23 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 19 17 17 0 18 29 0 51 25 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 23 41 7 8 11 11 0 71 21 10
2022 National Capital Region 24 24 17 11 8 11 4 57 23 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 55 21 8 8 0 8 0 83 9 10
2020 National Capital Region 17 24 22 10 10 15 2 49 24 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 8 8 23 15 23 23 0 20 50 15

Question 43. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 33 34 17 9 6 1 0 68 15 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 26 51 5 8 5 5 0 81 14 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 25 24 31 9 11 0 0 49 20 10
2022 National Capital Region 29 35 19 8 7 2 0 65 16 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 45 30 25 0 0 0 0 75 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 30 31 21 8 6 3 1 64 15 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 36 7 14 7 14 0 67 25 15

Question 44a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 44 26 15 7 2 1 4 46 54 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 27 23 13 20 6 5 6 30 70 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 40 42 0 0 18 0 0 40 60 10
2022 National Capital Region 49 23 14 3 6 2 4 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 42 37 0 8 0 0 13 10
2020 National Capital Region 48 27 11 5 5 1 3 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 43 29 7 14 7 0 0 15

Question 44b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 62 11 6 2 3 2 14 74 26 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 55 21 8 0 0 10 6 65 35 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 63 7 0 0 0 0 30 90 10 10

Question 44c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 72 7 3 2 4 3 9 81 19 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 62 0 5 5 0 13 15 86 14 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 66 0 8 8 11 7 0 71 29 10
2022 National Capital Region 73 11 4 1 2 2 6 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 63 16 0 0 0 8 13 10
2020 National Capital Region 79 5 5 2 2 3 4 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 54 0 8 8 0 23 8 15

Question 44d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 71 8 2 1 2 1 16 85 15 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 62 0 0 17 0 0 21 79 21 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 74 0 0 0 0 7 19 100 0 10

Question 44e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accommodation issues

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 64 12 5 2 2 1 14 75 25 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 38 5 25 6 5 0 21 48 52 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 74 0 0 0 11 0 15 87 13 10

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 22 35 11 16 11 4 1 60 28 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 7 39 9 16 5 24 0 60 28 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 16 31 8 8 19 18 0 57 33 10
2022 National Capital Region 23 32 13 17 13 1 0 55 31 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 45 31 8 8 0 8 0 83 9 10
2020 National Capital Region 27 21 19 17 11 3 1 51 30 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 14 14 21 21 7 0 38 46 15

Question 46. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 29 46 11 8 3 2 0 76 12 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 74 0 18 0 8 0 80 20 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 8 50 8 8 11 15 0 68 23 10
2022 National Capital Region 35 39 10 10 5 2 0 75 15 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 45 46 0 0 0 8 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 27 48 12 9 3 2 0 76 11 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 43 14 14 0 7 0 69 15 15

Question 47. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 39 36 11 8 4 1 0 76 12 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 30 44 0 10 5 10 0 83 17 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 41 32 8 0 11 8 0 79 12 10
2022 National Capital Region 43 37 10 7 3 1 0 81 10 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 76 24 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 38 38 10 9 4 2 0 77 13 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 43 14 7 29 7 0 0 57 36 15

Question 48. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes individuals who have an array of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives, and experiences that are representative of Canada’s current and evolving population. This includes but is not limited to differences in ethnicity or race, culture, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, educational background, region, and marital or parental status.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 39 41 10 5 2 3 0 82 8 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 31 32 18 14 5 0 0 63 20 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 49 24 8 8 11 0 0 73 19 10
2022 National Capital Region 38 41 10 5 3 4 0 82 8 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 34 66 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 37 42 12 6 1 2 0 80 7 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 36 29 21 7 7 0 0 64 14 15

Question 49. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism is the active process of identifying and eliminating racism by changing systems, organizational structures, policies and practices and attitudes, so that power is redistributed and shared equitably.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 32 27 24 7 2 8 0 65 10 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 18 48 14 5 0 14 0 78 6 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 56 17 0 8 19 0 0 73 27 10
2022 National Capital Region 30 28 25 6 3 7 1 63 10 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 66 18 16 0 0 0 0 84 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 38 40 12 4 3 3 0 81 7 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 36 29 21 7 7 0 0 64 14 15

Question 50. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 42 29 11 5 5 4 4 76 12 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 28 35 8 19 10 0 0 63 29 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 42 31 0 0 19 8 0 79 21 10
2022 National Capital Region 43 30 10 6 6 3 2 77 13 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 72 0 20 0 8 0 0 72 8 10
2020 National Capital Region 40 33 12 8 6 2 1 74 14 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 50 0 7 21 0 0 71 29 15

Question 51. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 6 4 12 6 40 5 27 68 15 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 5 13 8 5 48 10 11 67 23 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 11 8 0 8 54 0 19 76 24 10
2022 National Capital Region 2 4 9 9 41 4 30 76 10 205
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 0 8 8 75 9 0 91 0 10

Question 52. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 17 22 20 5 3 30 2 58 12 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 10 25 25 5 0 35 0 54 8 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 16 18 8 8 0 40 11 68 16 10
2022 National Capital Region 16 24 24 5 3 25 4 56 11 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 8 0 8 0 0 71 13 51 0 10

Question 53. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 54 36 4 4 1 1 0 91 5 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 70 25 0 0 5 0 0 95 5 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 65 16 8 0 11 0 0 81 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 61 29 7 1 2 0 0 90 3 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 76 24 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 61 25 7 5 2 1 0 87 7 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 36 50 0 7 7 0 0 86 14 15

Question 54. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 55 32 8 4 2 0 0 86 5 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 71 19 0 5 5 0 0 90 10 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 65 16 8 0 11 0 0 81 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 52 30 8 7 2 0 0 82 10 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 68 24 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 50 28 13 6 2 0 0 79 8 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 29 36 14 0 0 0 50 14 15

Question 55. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 51 32 10 4 2 1 0 84 6 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 48 47 0 0 5 0 0 95 5 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 65 16 8 0 11 0 0 81 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 49 32 11 5 2 0 0 81 7 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 59 41 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 46 32 13 7 2 0 0 78 9 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 57 7 14 0 0 0 79 14 15
Top of page

Mobility and Retention

Question 56. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 46 23 17 7 4 4 0 71 11 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 35 32 0 14 14 5 0 70 30 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 50 16 16 0 11 8 0 71 12 10
2022 National Capital Region 44 24 10 12 7 2 1 70 20 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 36 56 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 39 22 19 10 7 3 0 63 17 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 14 36 21 0 7 0 38 23 15

Question 57_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Unsure
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 32 41 27 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 27 28 45 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 20 31 49 10
2022 National Capital Region 36 29 35 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 25 19 56 10
2020 National Capital Region 28 28 43 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 36 21 43 15

Question 57_2. Of those who indicated that they intend to leave their current position in the next two years: Please indicate your reason for leaving

In order to make historical trend analysis, Q57 has followed the same format as last year. This means Q57_1 is same as Q56_1 in the 2022 PSES, and Q57_2 is same as Q56_2 in the 2022 PSES.

Survey year Demographic To retire
(%)
To pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)
To pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)
To pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)
End of my term, casual or student employment
(%)
Other reason
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 5 31 36 8 9 11 70
2022 National Capital Region 10 30 38 8 8 6 75
Top of page

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment refers to any action, conduct or comment, including of a sexual nature, that can reasonably be expected to cause offence, humiliation or other physical or psychological injury or illness to an employee, including any prescribed action, conduct or comment.

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment above, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 8 92 225
2022 National Capital Region 13 87 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 100 10
2020 National Capital Region 11 89 200

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 31 69 20
2022 National Capital Region 55 45 30

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 36 64 20
2022 National Capital Region 44 56 30

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 25 75 20
2022 National Capital Region 14 86 30

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 20
2022 National Capital Region 0 100 30

Question 59e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 12 88 30

Question 59f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 9 91 30

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 3 97 30

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 56 44 20
2022 National Capital Region 47 53 30

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 36 64 30

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 26 74 20
2022 National Capital Region 26 74 30

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 35 65 20
2022 National Capital Region 38 62 30

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 26 74 30

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 45 55 20
2022 National Capital Region 44 56 30

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 40 60 20
2022 National Capital Region 12 88 30

Question 60h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 20
2022 National Capital Region 0 100 30

Question 60i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 8 92 30

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 20
2022 National Capital Region 7 93 30

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 46 54 20
2022 National Capital Region 37 63 30

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 12 88 30

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 17 83 30

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 71 29 20
2022 National Capital Region 56 44 30

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 43 57 20
2022 National Capital Region 27 73 30

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 44 56 20
2022 National Capital Region 13 87 30

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 14 86 30

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 21 79 30

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 3 97 30

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 4 96 30

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 8 92 30

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 15 85 30

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 26 74 20
2022 National Capital Region 32 68 25

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 27 73 25

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 10 90 25

Question 62d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 4 96 25

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 11 89 25

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 18 82 25

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 12 88 25

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 5 95 25

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 5 95 25

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 30 70 20
2022 National Capital Region 18 82 25

Question 62k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 3 97 25

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 20 80 25

Question 62m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 20
2022 National Capital Region 0 100 25

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 44 56 20
2022 National Capital Region 41 59 25

Question 62o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 20

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 3 97 25

Question 63. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 13 15 13 7 3 35 14 55 19 225
2022 National Capital Region 12 17 16 6 6 31 13 51 21 210
2020 National Capital Region 16 14 19 9 7 28 7 47 23 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 7 7 14 36 0 21 14 22 56 15

Question 64. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 35 28 13 8 2 12 2 73 12 225
2022 National Capital Region 31 35 16 4 4 8 2 74 8 210
2020 National Capital Region 30 33 18 9 3 7 1 68 13 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 14 7 21 7 29 0 50 40 15
Top of page

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered. 

Question 65. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination above, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 5 95 225
2022 National Capital Region 9 91 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 100 10
2020 National Capital Region 4 96 200

Question 66a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 35 65 20

Question 66b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 93 7 10
2022 National Capital Region 65 35 20

Question 66c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals working for me

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 0 100 20

Question 66d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 0 100 20

Question 66e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 9 91 20

Question 66f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 5 95 20

Question 66g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? …Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 20 80 20

Question 67a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Race

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 54 46 10
2022 National Capital Region 25 75 20

Question 67b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …National or ethnic origin

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 25 75 20

Question 67c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Colour

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 5 95 20

Question 67d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Religion

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 0 100 20

Question 67e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Age

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 25 75 20

Question 67f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sex

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 25 75 20

Question 67g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Sexual orientation

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 0 100 20

Question 67h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit or non-binary)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 0 100 20

Question 67i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Marital status

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 0 100 20

Question 67j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Family status

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 25 75 20

Question 67k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test or disclose the results of a genetic test)

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 0 100 20

Question 67l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Disability

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 20 80 20

Question 67m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. …Pardoned conviction or suspended record

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 0 100 20

Question 68a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 35 65 20

Question 68b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 15 85 20

Question 68c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 20 80 20

Question 68d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 24 76 20

Question 68e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 5 95 20

Question 68f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 5 95 20

Question 68g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 0 100 20

Question 68h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 5 95 20

Question 68i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 83 17 10
2022 National Capital Region 49 51 20

Question 69a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 11 89 20

Question 69b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 26 74 20

Question 69c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 5 95 20

Question 69d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 0 100 20

Question 69e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 5 95 20

Question 69f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 6 94 20

Question 69g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 5 95 20

Question 69h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 10 90 20

Question 69i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 5 95 20

Question 69j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 51 49 10
2022 National Capital Region 26 74 20

Question 69k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2022 National Capital Region 0 100 20

Question 69l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 41 59 10
2022 National Capital Region 26 74 20

Question 69m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 0 100 20

Question 69n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 56 44 10
2022 National Capital Region 47 53 20

Question 69o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint, but I have not done so yet.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10

Question 69p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 0 100 10
2022 National Capital Region 10 90 20

Question 70. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 17 13 14 6 3 40 7 56 17 225
2022 National Capital Region 14 16 16 5 5 33 11 53 18 210
2020 National Capital Region 16 16 20 7 4 34 4 51 16 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 8 0 31 8 15 38 0 13 38 15

Question 71. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 33 33 13 5 3 13 0 76 9 225
2022 National Capital Region 33 32 15 6 3 9 2 73 10 210
2020 National Capital Region 31 34 16 10 2 8 0 70 12 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 29 21 7 14 7 0 54 23 15
Top of page

Stress and Well-Being

Question 73a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 45 31 14 3 5 0 2 46 54 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 15 19 26 14 11 0 14 17 83 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 57 35 0 8 0 0 0 57 43 10
2022 National Capital Region 43 29 13 6 5 0 3 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 44 47 9 0 0 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 52 25 12 8 2 1 2 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 29 36 21 7 7 0 0 15

Question 73b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 15 27 31 14 13 0 0 15 85 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 17 14 42 6 20 0 0 17 83 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 23 24 30 16 7 0 0 23 77 10
2022 National Capital Region 12 24 28 21 15 0 0 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 20 63 8 9 0 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 16 26 27 14 16 1 0 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 7 50 7 14 0 0 15

Question 73c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 23 36 21 9 11 0 0 23 77 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 32 14 48 0 5 0 0 32 68 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 23 8 46 15 0 8 0 25 75 10
2022 National Capital Region 21 31 27 13 7 0 1 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 50 31 8 0 11 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 23 33 22 12 9 1 0 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 29 21 29 14 7 0 0 15

Question 73d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 25 27 21 14 10 1 0 26 74 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 25 13 26 14 14 8 0 27 73 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 31 16 27 18 8 0 0 31 69 10
2022 National Capital Region 15 23 23 20 17 1 0 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 20 30 30 0 20 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 20 25 23 18 13 1 1 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 31 15 23 15 15 0 0 15

Question 73e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 47 28 11 4 4 0 6 50 50 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 52 9 20 0 5 0 14 61 39 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 39 19 19 8 0 0 15 45 55 10
2022 National Capital Region 40 26 14 10 8 0 3 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 50 39 0 0 11 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 38 29 17 9 5 1 1 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 50 14 21 0 7 0 7 15

Question 73f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 24 36 20 12 9 0 0 24 76 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 27 26 12 0 36 0 0 27 73 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 66 8 0 7 11 8 0 72 28 10
2022 National Capital Region 27 31 20 13 10 0 0 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 17 64 11 8 0 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 25 30 18 17 9 1 0 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 29 14 21 14 0 0 15

Question 73g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 31 36 16 10 5 1 1 32 68 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 10 40 24 8 10 8 0 11 89 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 49 16 9 0 11 15 0 58 42 10
2022 National Capital Region 30 36 19 8 6 1 0 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 34 29 29 8 0 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 34 38 15 8 5 1 1 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 14 43 14 21 7 0 0 15

Question 73h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 27 33 19 11 9 0 1 28 72 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 15 37 26 9 5 8 0 16 84 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 47 8 18 17 11 0 0 47 53 10
2022 National Capital Region 24 41 20 5 10 0 0 205
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 12 30 39 0 19 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 29 34 18 14 4 1 1 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 31 15 31 23 0 0 0 15

Question 73i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 32 36 17 9 6 0 0 32 68 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 27 45 6 22 0 0 0 27 73 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 54 26 11 9 0 0 0 54 46 10
2022 National Capital Region 39 36 12 9 4 0 0 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 29 43 0 17 11 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 32 35 18 8 6 0 2 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 29 29 21 0 0 0 15

Question 73j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 49 25 13 7 6 0 0 49 51 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 49 24 13 5 9 0 0 49 51 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 64 16 9 0 11 0 0 64 36 10
2022 National Capital Region 52 26 13 5 3 0 0 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 51 13 19 17 0 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 47 27 13 8 4 1 1 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 43 36 0 7 7 0 7 15

Question 73k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 49 35 9 4 3 0 0 49 51 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 29 39 32 0 0 0 0 29 71 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 39 26 17 0 11 8 0 42 58 10
2022 National Capital Region 45 30 14 5 4 1 1 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 34 46 0 20 0 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 21 31 30 14 4 1 0 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 29 29 29 14 0 0 0 15

Question 73l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 33 39 14 8 5 0 0 33 67 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 10 52 22 8 0 0 8 11 89 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 57 36 7 0 0 0 0 57 43 10
2022 National Capital Region 35 36 19 6 4 0 1 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 20 52 9 0 19 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 25 36 23 8 7 1 0 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 50 0 14 14 0 0 15

Question 73m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 35 22 17 9 13 0 4 37 63 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 33 26 8 8 20 5 0 35 65 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 81 0 0 8 0 0 11 91 9 10
2022 National Capital Region 58 18 10 5 3 1 5 205
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 59 0 8 0 11 0 23 10
2020 National Capital Region 43 34 13 6 2 1 2 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 50 29 7 7 7 0 0 15

Question 73n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 33 31 23 7 7 0 0 33 67 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 36 28 22 0 5 0 8 39 61 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 57 35 0 0 0 8 0 62 38 10
2022 National Capital Region 28 36 23 8 4 0 0 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 37 35 9 19 0 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 22 40 25 9 4 0 1 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 15 62 15 8 0 0 0 15

Question 73o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 67 14 4 2 1 1 11 76 24 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 39 17 6 0 0 0 38 63 37 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 65 7 0 0 9 0 19 81 19 10

Question 73p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accommodation issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 63 16 6 2 3 1 9 70 30 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 26 0 14 17 5 0 38 42 58 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 72 9 0 0 11 0 8 79 21 10

Question 73q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 72 13 6 2 2 1 5 76 24 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 70 5 0 6 5 0 13 81 19 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 72 0 0 0 20 8 0 79 21 10
2022 National Capital Region 72 12 4 2 2 1 6 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 89 0 0 0 11 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 76 8 5 2 3 1 7 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 57 14 7 0 7 7 7 15

Question 73r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with my co-worker(s)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 62 24 9 2 1 0 2 64 36 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 60 29 5 6 0 0 0 60 40 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 80 0 0 0 20 0 0 80 20 10
2022 National Capital Region 65 25 4 2 0 0 4 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 26 47 17 0 11 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 64 22 8 3 0 1 3 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 43 43 7 0 0 7 0 15

Question 73s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) with authority over me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 69 17 8 2 2 0 1 70 30 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 66 21 0 0 5 0 8 72 28 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 80 0 0 0 20 0 0 80 20 10
2022 National Capital Region 70 19 4 2 2 0 2 205
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 73 8 8 0 11 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 63 19 4 5 5 1 3 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 57 14 0 14 7 7 0 15

Question 73t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with individual(s) working for me

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 59 14 5 1 1 1 20 74 26 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 52 5 5 0 0 0 37 84 16 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 76 0 0 0 9 0 15 90 10 10
2022 National Capital Region 63 14 3 1 0 1 18 210
2020 National Capital Region 61 11 4 3 1 1 19 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 71 14 0 0 0 7 7 15

Question 73u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issues with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 65 23 4 1 1 1 5 69 31 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 66 5 7 0 0 0 23 85 15 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 73 7 0 9 11 0 0 73 27 10
2022 National Capital Region 68 16 8 2 0 0 5 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 43 38 0 0 11 0 8 10
2020 National Capital Region 71 19 6 2 0 1 2 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 50 29 7 7 0 7 0 15

Question 73v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 60 18 8 5 6 0 3 62 38 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 36 40 5 11 0 0 8 39 61 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 39 7 16 17 22 0 0 39 61 10
2022 National Capital Region 70 12 7 5 4 0 2 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 68 0 8 13 11 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 66 14 8 5 2 2 2 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 29 36 7 0 29 0 0 15

Question 73w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 48 33 8 5 4 0 2 49 51 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 53 18 9 0 6 5 8 61 39 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 75 15 11 0 0 0 0 75 25 10
2022 National Capital Region 57 22 13 2 3 1 2 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 39 42 0 19 0 0 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 47 29 11 7 4 1 3 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 29 29 29 14 0 0 0 15

Question 74. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)
Low
(%)
Moderate
(%)
High
(%)
Very High
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 6 32 45 13 5 0 0 38 18 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 43 41 12 5 0 0 43 17 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 15 24 54 7 0 0 0 39 7 10
2022 National Capital Region 8 33 37 18 4 0 0 41 22 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 12 44 36 8 0 0 0 56 8 10
2020 National Capital Region 9 38 31 14 8 0 0 48 21 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 7 36 29 29 0 0 0 43 29 15

Question 75. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)
Often
(%)
Sometimes
(%)
Rarely
(%)
Never/Almost never
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 8 21 44 21 5 0 0 27 30 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 13 20 37 21 9 0 0 30 33 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 0 0 50 42 8 0 0 50 0 10
2022 National Capital Region 8 21 45 21 4 0 0 25 29 205
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 0 57 23 20 0 0 43 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 11 20 38 24 7 0 0 30 32 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 14 36 21 21 7 0 0 29 50 15

Question 76. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 29 46 13 6 4 1 0 76 11 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 17 39 17 21 5 0 0 57 26 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 33 24 24 8 11 0 0 58 19 10
2022 National Capital Region 29 42 16 8 3 2 0 72 11 210
2020 National Capital Region 37 41 12 6 3 2 0 79 8 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 57 0 14 7 0 0 79 21 15

Question 77. In general, how is your mental health?

Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)
Very good
(%)
Good
(%)
Fair
(%)
Poor
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 10 28 41 14 7 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 24 42 34 0 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 0 46 24 30 0 10
2022 National Capital Region 9 34 36 15 6 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 54 38 8 0 10

Question 78. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 60 23 9 3 3 2 0 85 6 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 76 11 8 0 5 0 0 87 5 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 64 25 0 0 11 0 0 89 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 61 23 9 3 3 1 0 85 6 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 76 24 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2020 National Capital Region 55 25 13 2 4 2 1 81 6 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 43 36 21 0 0 0 0 79 0 15

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 47 29 7 10 6 0 0 77 17 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 39 35 0 5 13 8 0 80 20 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 65 24 0 0 11 0 0 89 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 53 22 7 10 8 0 1 75 18 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 65 8 11 8 8 0 0 73 16 10
2020 National Capital Region 43 27 9 11 8 1 0 71 20 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 29 21 0 29 21 0 0 50 50 15

Question 80. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 59 26 7 4 3 0 0 86 7 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 39 43 0 13 5 0 0 82 18 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 73 16 0 0 11 0 0 89 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 59 26 8 3 3 0 1 86 6 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 51 41 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 10
2020 National Capital Region 56 26 9 4 4 1 1 83 8 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 43 21 7 14 14 0 0 64 29 15

Question 81. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional individual behaviours and organizational practices.
Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 33 40 13 8 5 1 1 73 14 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 9 52 18 16 5 0 0 61 21 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 48 33 8 0 11 0 0 81 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 34 40 14 7 4 2 0 75 10 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 37 56 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 10
2020 National Capital Region 35 36 16 7 6 1 0 71 13 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 23 23 15 31 8 0 0 46 38 15

Question 83. Of those who indicated that they are a supervisor: I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 28 56 3 12 1 0 0 84 13 70
2022 National Capital Region 22 55 12 8 2 0 0 78 10 65
Top of page

Duty to Accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to telework, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 84. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?

Definition of the term has changed from PSES 2022.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 22 78 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 33 67 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 11 89 10
2022 National Capital Region 15 85 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 11 89 10
2020 National Capital Region 13 87 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 21 79 15

Question 85. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

Disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society. Barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 66 34 50
2022 National Capital Region 62 38 30
2020 National Capital Region 72 28 25

Question 86. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 91 9 50
2022 National Capital Region 82 18 30
2020 National Capital Region 84 16 25

Question 87. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 58 22 5 8 6 0 0 80 14 50
2022 National Capital Region 43 26 13 11 4 3 0 72 15 25
2020 National Capital Region 29 47 5 19 0 0 0 76 19 20

Question 88. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 55 28 6 4 1 3 2 88 6 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 55 17 10 0 18 0 0 72 18 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 49 40 0 0 11 0 0 89 11 10
2022 National Capital Region 53 34 4 3 2 2 3 91 5 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 68 0 8 8 0 16 0 81 10 10
2020 National Capital Region 55 31 5 3 1 3 2 91 4 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 43 36 0 14 7 0 0 79 21 15
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Compensation

Question 89. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 8 72 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 7 70 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 11 62 10
2022 National Capital Region 13 68 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 0 86 10
2020 National Capital Region 13 64 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 14 50 15

Question 90. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 67 33 15
2022 National Capital Region 65 35 25

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 18 28 7 36 10 0 0 47 46 15
2022 National Capital Region 25 23 7 35 6 0 4 50 43 25

Question 92. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)
Somewhat agree
(%)
Neither agree nor disagree
(%)
Somewhat disagree
(%)
Strongly disagree
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 5 13 0 24 13 0 45 33 67 15
2022 National Capital Region 11 23 7 12 22 0 24 46 44 25

Question 93. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?

Calculation of “positive” and “negative” answers has changed since 2022 PSES

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)
To a small extent
(%)
To a moderate extent
(%)
To a large extent
(%)
To a very large extent
(%)
Don't know
(%)
Not applicable
(%)
Positive answers
(%)
Negative answers
(%)
Total responses
2024 National Capital Region 41 11 4 4 1 5 33 67 33 225
2024 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 57 18 0 0 0 0 25 76 24 15
2024 Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 57 0 0 0 0 11 32 100 0 10
2022 National Capital Region 50 9 11 3 2 4 21 210
2022 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 55 0 0 0 0 14 31 10
2020 National Capital Region 48 17 11 4 2 3 14 200
2020 Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 64 21 7 0 0 0 7 15
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