2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Canada Border Services Agency by Question 104. What is your current employee status?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Employee engagement
- Employee engagement
Leadership
- Immediate supervisor
- Senior management
Workforce
Workplace
Workplace well-being
Compensation
- Pay or other compensation issues
- Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

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Employee engagement

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	27	37	14	10	12	0	0	64	22	6665
2022	Term	41	37	11	5	3	1	0	80	9	315
2022	Casual	50	33	6	2	7	0	2	85	9	80
2022	Student	46	28	15	7	4	0	0	73	11	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	32	37	13	10	7	0	0	69	17	7385
2020	Term	47	35	8	8	2	0	0	82	10	268
2020	Casual	58	32	6	1	2	0	1	91	3	107
2020	Student	42	36	9	10	3	1	0	79	13	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	28	39	13	10	9	0	0	67	19	6527
2019	Term	40	37	10	9	3	0	0	77	13	204
2019	Student	40	35	12	7	6	0	0	75	13	355
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	42	13	12	10	0	0	65	21	5831
2018	Term	38	37	16	4	5	0	0	74	9	130
2018	Casual	31	46	12	4	6	0	1	78	11	81
2018	Student	36	40	12	8	4	0	0	76	12	159

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	30	14	15	19	0	0	52	34	6660
2022	Term	42	38	11	6	4	0	0	79	10	315
2022	Casual	53	30	9	5	3	0	0	83	8	80
2022	Student	42	27	15	10	4	0	0	70	15	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	25	33	15	14	14	0	0	58	27	7365
2020	Term	50	29	9	9	3	0	0	79	12	266
2020	Casual	57	27	9	4	3	0	0	84	7	106
2020	Student	43	30	7	10	10	0	0	73	20	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	31	16	16	16	0	0	52	32	6490
2019	Term	41	32	14	9	4	0	0	73	13	205
2019	Student	34	33	15	12	7	0	0	67	18	353
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	31	16	18	19	0	0	47	37	5830
2018	Term	33	38	16	9	5	0	0	71	14	127
2018	Casual	31	43	13	9	1	1	1	76	10	81
2018	Student	29	46	10	12	3	0	0	76	14	160

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	42	34	12	6	6	0	0	76	12	6660
2022	Term	54	35	7	2	2	0	0	89	4	315
2022	Casual	70	14	10	6	0	0	0	84	6	80
2022	Student	42	35	15	6	1	0	1	78	7	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	49	33	10	5	4	0	0	81	8	7327
2020	Term	59	27	10	3	1	0	0	86	4	267
2020	Casual	68	22	7	1	2	0	1	90	3	106
2020	Student	48	38	10	4	1	0	0	86	5	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	46	34	11	5	4	0	0	80	9	6458
2019	Term	50	34	7	6	1	1	0	85	8	203
2019	Student	51	32	10	4	2	0	0	84	6	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	44	36	10	6	4	0	0	81	9	5804
2018	Term	46	36	12	4	2	0	0	82	6	127
2018	Casual	44	32	17	4	1	1	0	77	6	81
2018	Student	49	39	10	2	1	0	0	88	3	160

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	32	38	14	8	7	0	70	15	6665
2022	Term	53	30	11	3	3	0	83	6	315
2022	Casual	58	26	9	6	1	0	85	7	80
2022	Student	47	33	13	4	2	1	82	5	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	39	38	12	7	4	0	77	11	7384
2020	Term	55	31	8	6	1	0	86	6	267
2020	Casual	69	22	5	3	2	0	90	5	107
2020	Student	57	27	10	5	2	0	84	7	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	34	39	13	8	5	0	74	13	6523
2019	Term	49	35	9	5	2	0	84	7	205
2019	Student	49	33	8	7	3	0	82	10	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	30	41	14	9	5	0	72	14	5842
2018	Term	46	31	14	6	4	0	77	9	125
2018	Casual	39	42	12	4	3	0	81	7	81
2018	Student	43	39	11	5	3	0	81	8	160

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	28	18	16	19	0	48	35	6670
2022	Term	53	26	11	7	4	0	79	10	315
2022	Casual	62	23	8	3	2	1	86	5	80
2022	Student	56	28	9	4	3	0	83	8	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	25	30	19	14	12	0	55	26	7359
2020	Term	59	24	10	5	2	0	83	7	268
2020	Casual	71	20	7	2	0	1	92	2	105
2020	Student	56	24	8	10	2	1	81	12	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	28	20	16	16	1	47	32	6505
2019	Term	50	26	13	8	3	0	76	11	205
2019	Student	48	30	11	6	4	1	79	10	352
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	26	22	18	19	0	40	37	5832
2018	Term	44	27	14	7	7	1	72	14	129
2018	Casual	47	28	17	5	3	0	75	9	81
2018	Student	43	33	16	5	2	0	76	7	161

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	29	16	18	20	0	47	37	6665
2022	Term	50	31	10	5	3	0	81	9	315
2022	Casual	63	24	8	3	2	0	87	5	80
2022	Student	54	27	10	6	3	0	82	8	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	33	17	15	12	0	56	26	7311
2020	Term	57	28	9	4	2	0	85	6	268
2020	Casual	73	19	7	1	0	1	92	1	107
2020	Student	57	23	10	6	4	1	81	10	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	30	19	18	16	0	47	34	6490
2019	Term	46	33	9	8	3	0	79	12	204
2019	Student	47	32	10	8	3	1	79	11	352
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	28	20	20	19	0	41	38	5814
2018	Term	43	32	11	8	5	1	76	14	129
2018	Casual	47	28	15	10	1	0	74	10	80
2018	Student	42	34	15	6	2	0	76	9	162

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	22	16	16	20	4	0	45	38	6665
2022	Term	41	23	17	7	7	5	0	68	15	315
2022	Casual	48	14	21	10	6	0	0	62	16	80
2022	Student	34	17	23	14	7	4	1	54	22	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	27	25	18	14	13	3	0	53	28	7372
2020	Term	52	19	13	8	4	2	1	74	12	269
2020	Casual	60	19	9	4	2	3	2	83	7	106
2020	Student	39	23	17	10	7	5	0	65	17	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	24	18	17	16	3	0	47	34	6521
2019	Term	39	25	15	10	6	3	0	67	17	205
2019	Student	30	26	18	13	7	5	1	60	21	353
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	17	22	21	18	19	2	0	41	38	5844
2018	Term	31	22	22	13	11	1	0	53	24	128
2018	Casual	38	24	19	9	6	1	3	65	16	80
2018	Student	30	27	15	12	9	6	1	62	23	162

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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	37	28	15	6	8	1	5	69	15	6660
2022	Term	47	30	11	2	2	1	7	83	5	315
2022	Casual	35	35	12	4	2	3	9	80	6	80
2022	Student	30	24	15	3	0	3	24	75	4	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	42	26	16	6	6	1	3	71	12	7376
2020	Term	54	20	13	5	2	1	6	79	7	269
2020	Casual	56	21	8	1	2	3	9	87	4	105
2020	Student	32	24	15	7	5	2	15	67	14	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	28	18	7	7	1	3	66	14	6525
2019	Term	44	29	13	3	3	0	7	79	7	204
2019	Student	35	25	15	10	4	2	9	67	16	355

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	31	12	10	10	0	1	67	20	6640
2022	Term	52	25	14	4	3	1	1	78	8	315
2022	Casual	60	17	12	8	1	1	1	79	9	80
2022	Student	42	27	17	8	1	1	3	72	9	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	41	30	12	9	7	0	0	72	16	7375
2020	Term	59	22	9	5	1	1	2	83	7	269
2020	Casual	68	22	4	2	2	1	1	92	4	106
2020	Student	51	31	5	4	4	2	4	87	8	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	33	32	14	12	9	1	0	65	21	6482
2019	Term	49	34	8	5	2	1	0	84	8	203
2019	Student	46	27	10	7	6	1	3	76	14	351
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	34	13	13	10	0	0	63	23	5778
2018	Term	44	26	16	7	4	1	2	72	11	128
2018	Casual	44	32	8	8	6	1	1	78	14	80
2018	Student	43	30	16	9	1	1	1	74	10	161

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	42	27	13	8	10	0	0	69	18	6665
2022	Term	60	25	9	3	3	0	0	85	6	315
2022	Casual	69	16	9	4	2	0	0	85	6	80
2022	Student	55	30	9	6	0	0	0	84	6	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	47	26	11	7	8	0	1	74	15	7389
2020	Term	65	20	8	4	1	0	1	86	5	269
2020	Casual	70	22	6	1	0	0	1	93	1	106
2020	Student	61	20	9	4	4	1	2	83	8	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	38	29	13	10	9	0	0	67	19	6519
2019	Term	61	22	9	6	2	0	0	83	7	205
2019	Student	53	26	10	7	4	0	0	79	11	355
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	34	28	15	11	12	0	0	62	23	5805
2018	Term	49	29	10	7	5	0	0	78	12	128
2018	Casual	55	21	11	6	6	0	1	78	11	80
2018	Student	53	28	8	8	3	1	0	81	11	160

Senior management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	24	16	13	22	7	0	45	38	6670
2022	Term	51	25	9	2	5	8	0	83	8	315
2022	Casual	54	22	10	2	2	8	2	85	4	80
2022	Student	55	22	8	3	2	9	1	86	5	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	25	27	16	12	14	7	0	55	27	7393
2020	Term	59	22	8	2	3	5	0	86	6	266
2020	Casual	62	19	4	2	0	12	1	93	3	106
2020	Student	55	17	8	2	7	11	1	82	10	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	17	28	19	14	17	5	0	47	33	6517
2019	Term	50	27	11	3	3	6	0	82	7	204
2019	Student	49	28	8	5	2	8	1	84	7	355
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	25	20	17	20	5	0	41	39	5870
2018	Term	32	31	13	7	6	9	1	70	15	127
2018	Casual	40	31	14	5	1	8	1	78	6	81
2018	Student	42	34	12	4	1	6	1	81	5	162

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	21	15	17	30	2	0	36	48	6665
2022	Term	45	28	13	4	7	2	0	75	12	310
2022	Casual	54	28	8	2	4	3	1	86	7	80
2022	Student	49	26	15	3	3	3	0	78	6	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	28	17	16	18	1	0	48	34	7377
2020	Term	57	24	9	4	3	3	0	84	7	266
2020	Casual	60	24	8	3	0	5	0	88	3	106
2020	Student	50	23	8	3	7	9	0	81	11	103
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	25	18	19	23	2	0	40	42	6505
2019	Term	47	26	12	9	2	3	0	76	11	203
2019	Student	47	29	10	6	3	5	0	80	9	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	21	17	21	29	1	0	32	51	5858
2018	Term	34	26	13	7	12	7	1	65	21	127
2018	Casual	45	28	16	3	3	3	1	77	6	81
2018	Student	40	32	13	6	4	4	1	76	10	161

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	18	16	19	32	3	0	30	54	6665
2022	Term	40	20	18	11	7	4	0	63	19	310
2022	Casual	45	27	9	7	5	6	2	78	13	80
2022	Student	42	21	13	11	2	12	0	71	14	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	25	18	19	20	3	0	41	41	7369
2020	Term	44	30	10	7	3	5	0	79	11	265
2020	Casual	41	32	8	5	1	12	0	83	8	105
2020	Student	40	17	13	7	8	14	1	68	17	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	21	19	22	26	3	0	31	49	6500
2019	Term	36	26	13	13	4	7	1	67	19	203
2019	Student	35	28	15	10	5	7	0	67	16	352
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	17	19	24	31	2	0	24	57	5844
2018	Term	25	26	16	8	15	8	2	56	26	126
2018	Casual	36	31	15	10	4	3	1	69	15	81
2018	Student	32	34	12	8	4	9	1	73	13	161

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	21	15	19	32	2	0	33	52	6665
2022	Term	36	27	16	12	5	3	0	65	18	315
2022	Casual	51	23	5	10	6	4	2	78	17	80
2022	Student	45	25	10	8	4	8	0	76	13	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	28	17	19	20	2	0	43	40	7385
2020	Term	45	28	10	8	5	4	0	76	14	267
2020	Casual	51	27	14	3	1	5	0	82	4	106
2020	Student	43	25	7	11	6	8	1	75	18	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	23	17	22	27	2	0	32	50	6509
2019	Term	33	30	15	12	7	3	0	65	19	203
2019	Student	36	30	12	9	7	5	0	70	17	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	21	16	24	31	2	0	27	56	5860
2018	Term	23	24	19	11	14	7	1	52	27	127
2018	Casual	31	32	17	11	5	3	1	66	17	81
2018	Student	35	28	14	7	6	9	1	70	14	162

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Workforce

Performance management

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	28	15	14	21	0	0	50	35	6670
2022	Term	44	34	11	5	6	0	0	78	12	315
2022	Casual	48	30	10	4	8	0	0	78	12	80
2022	Student	50	25	16	5	5	0	0	74	9	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	33	15	15	13	0	0	57	28	7381
2020	Term	51	30	7	9	2	0	0	81	12	267
2020	Casual	57	25	9	4	3	0	2	84	7	106
2020	Student	43	28	10	9	10	1	1	72	18	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	32	16	18	16	0	0	50	34	6514
2019	Term	39	34	15	8	4	0	0	73	12	205
2019	Student	37	31	13	12	7	1	0	68	19	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	29	17	19	20	0	0	43	39	5855
2018	Term	29	37	15	8	8	2	1	68	17	130
2018	Casual	30	42	16	5	3	1	3	76	8	81
2018	Student	30	40	16	11	4	0	0	70	14	161

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	40	13	13	9	0	65	22	6665
2022	Term	38	43	8	8	3	0	81	11	315
2022	Casual	53	36	5	4	1	0	90	6	80
2022	Student	44	32	7	15	2	0	76	17	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	27	39	14	12	7	0	66	19	7326
2020	Term	46	38	6	8	2	0	83	10	267
2020	Casual	48	38	8	3	3	0	86	5	105
2020	Student	39	39	11	8	3	0	78	10	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	40	15	15	8	0	62	23	6485
2019	Term	44	37	10	8	2	0	80	10	205
2019	Student	36	37	13	11	3	0	73	15	350
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	37	17	16	11	0	56	27	5869
2018	Term	30	43	16	6	5	0	73	12	130
2018	Casual	31	50	7	6	4	1	82	10	81
2018	Student	34	43	9	11	2	1	78	13	160

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	34	30	12	11	12	0	0	65	23	6660
2022	Term	48	31	12	5	3	0	1	80	8	315
2022	Casual	43	37	9	7	3	0	1	81	10	80
2022	Student	45	23	17	8	4	0	2	70	13	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	38	29	13	10	9	0	0	68	19	7376
2020	Term	56	27	6	7	2	0	2	85	9	268
2020	Casual	60	28	8	2	1	0	1	88	3	106
2020	Student	39	33	10	11	4	2	2	75	15	103
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	31	30	16	11	10	0	0	62	22	6518
2019	Term	44	35	11	5	4	0	2	80	9	205
2019	Student	39	28	14	11	8	0	1	67	19	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	27	33	15	13	11	0	0	61	24	5809
2018	Term	43	30	12	6	6	1	2	76	12	128
2018	Casual	39	34	10	10	7	0	0	72	18	79
2018	Student	36	32	14	14	4	0	0	68	18	161

Job fit and development

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	35	12	20	15	0	0	53	35	6660
2022	Term	27	41	10	15	6	0	1	69	21	315
2022	Casual	46	30	8	9	5	0	2	78	14	80
2022	Student	39	42	7	10	3	0	0	81	13	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	38	13	18	8	0	0	60	27	7355
2020	Term	39	33	10	14	4	0	0	72	18	266
2020	Casual	39	31	18	6	3	0	3	72	9	107
2020	Student	40	34	13	10	3	0	0	74	13	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	37	14	21	12	0	0	52	34	6498
2019	Term	35	34	13	12	6	0	0	69	18	205
2019	Student	40	39	8	10	4	0	0	79	14	353
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	40	12	22	14	0	0	52	36	5872
2018	Term	21	42	15	13	8	0	1	63	21	130
2018	Casual	28	35	16	8	11	1	1	64	19	81
2018	Student	32	50	7	7	2	0	1	83	9	161

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	39	25	14	8	11	2	1	66	20	6655
2022	Term	57	22	12	2	4	1	2	82	6	315
2022	Casual	52	21	9	3	2	5	9	84	5	80
2022	Student	58	22	7	5	2	5	0	85	8	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	42	24	15	7	9	1	1	68	17	7367
2020	Term	64	16	9	5	2	1	3	84	7	268
2020	Casual	64	14	10	2	2	3	6	85	4	106
2020	Student	50	19	13	5	4	4	5	76	9	104

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	24	17	18	26	2	0	38	44	6665
2022	Term	39	28	18	7	5	3	0	69	13	315
2022	Casual	49	26	8	1	6	7	1	83	8	80
2022	Student	39	33	13	4	3	5	3	78	8	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	27	19	18	18	2	0	43	37	7369
2020	Term	44	29	14	6	3	3	0	76	9	269
2020	Casual	52	24	14	2	3	2	3	80	6	107
2020	Student	41	30	7	7	8	7	2	77	16	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	24	18	21	25	2	0	35	47	6503
2019	Term	39	32	12	8	7	2	0	73	15	204
2019	Student	39	27	15	10	6	3	0	69	16	353
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	21	18	23	29	1	0	29	53	5862
2018	Term	26	31	15	12	11	5	0	60	24	128
2018	Casual	38	20	19	16	3	3	2	61	20	81
2018	Student	34	32	14	5	6	9	1	73	12	161

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	35	23	17	9	10	1	5	61	20	6665
2022	Term	58	22	6	2	2	1	8	88	5	315
2022	Casual	55	19	5	2	0	1	17	91	3	80
2022	Student	52	19	9	9	0	0	11	80	10	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	44	23	15	8	6	1	4	70	14	7395
2020	Term	64	19	9	3	1	0	5	87	4	269
2020	Casual	69	16	7	0	0	1	8	92	0	107
2020	Student	56	25	8	2	1	2	7	89	3	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	39	24	18	8	7	1	3	66	16	6513
2019	Term	58	24	10	2	2	0	5	86	4	205
2019	Student	54	23	10	3	1	1	9	85	4	354

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	31	21	17	13	14	2	4	55	27	6665
2022	Term	46	25	12	4	5	2	5	77	10	315
2022	Casual	52	11	9	7	2	1	17	77	12	80
2022	Student	56	17	11	3	2	0	12	83	5	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	35	24	19	11	8	1	3	61	20	7385
2020	Term	52	16	16	7	3	1	5	72	11	269
2020	Casual	56	18	10	2	1	3	9	85	3	107
2020	Student	55	20	11	3	3	2	6	81	6	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	24	21	12	10	1	3	55	23	6508
2019	Term	48	23	16	5	1	1	5	75	7	201
2019	Student	52	19	10	5	3	2	9	80	9	354

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	58	12	8	5	7	5	6	78	13	6665
2022	Term	76	5	5	2	3	3	6	89	6	315
2022	Casual	70	5	2	1	2	3	17	94	4	80
2022	Student	79	8	1	1	1	2	9	97	2	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	66	12	7	4	5	3	4	83	10	7362
2020	Term	81	4	3	2	2	2	6	92	4	267
2020	Casual	82	7	2	0	0	3	6	97	0	107
2020	Student	81	5	3	3	1	0	8	93	4	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	62	12	8	4	6	4	4	81	11	6501
2019	Term	82	5	3	2	0	3	5	95	2	203
2019	Student	75	8	3	1	2	1	10	94	3	353

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	59	10	6	4	7	2	11	81	12	6670
2022	Term	67	13	5	0	2	3	9	91	3	315
2022	Casual	63	4	4	2	1	3	22	90	5	80
2022	Student	73	9	2	0	2	0	14	95	2	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	67	11	5	3	4	2	8	85	8	7372
2020	Term	75	11	4	1	1	1	8	93	2	267
2020	Casual	77	7	5	0	0	2	9	95	0	107
2020	Student	79	9	3	1	0	0	9	96	1	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	66	9	5	3	5	3	9	85	9	6509
2019	Term	78	7	2	2	0	3	8	95	2	202
2019	Student	73	8	4	1	1	1	12	93	2	352

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	28	12	17	25	2	1	45	43	6665
2022	Term	32	33	13	9	6	3	3	70	17	315
2022	Casual	32	34	7	8	2	7	10	80	12	80
2022	Student	30	36	11	10	3	3	7	74	14	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	25	15	18	23	2	1	42	42	7386
2020	Term	37	25	13	8	8	6	4	68	17	267
2020	Casual	42	22	9	3	4	10	10	80	8	107
2020	Student	35	19	8	7	10	13	9	69	21	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	22	16	18	29	1	1	36	48	6530
2019	Term	32	30	13	12	9	4	1	65	22	205
2019	Student	34	28	10	9	7	5	6	70	19	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	21	16	20	32	1	1	31	53	5855
2018	Term	19	30	13	12	14	7	5	56	29	128
2018	Casual	21	29	15	8	10	4	13	61	22	81
2018	Student	29	29	12	10	8	5	7	66	20	161

Empowerment

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	32	13	15	19	0	0	53	34	6660
2022	Term	41	32	16	8	3	0	0	73	11	310
2022	Casual	43	33	11	3	7	2	1	78	11	80
2022	Student	38	29	20	6	6	1	1	68	12	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	26	35	14	13	12	0	0	61	25	7343
2020	Term	50	30	11	5	3	0	0	80	9	267
2020	Casual	50	34	10	1	3	0	2	87	3	106
2020	Student	30	32	16	9	11	1	1	63	20	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	34	15	16	15	0	0	55	31	6493
2019	Term	34	39	12	9	5	0	1	73	14	204
2019	Student	32	33	16	12	7	1	1	65	19	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	33	14	18	18	0	0	50	36	5827
2018	Term	29	38	14	14	5	0	0	67	19	126
2018	Casual	27	42	16	9	4	0	1	70	14	81
2018	Student	31	36	14	10	8	1	1	68	18	160

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	25	30	15	13	16	0	55	30	6660
2022	Term	47	33	10	6	4	0	80	10	315
2022	Casual	54	20	14	7	5	0	74	12	80
2022	Student	46	25	21	3	4	0	72	7	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	32	16	11	12	0	61	23	7370
2020	Term	52	29	10	5	3	0	81	9	268
2020	Casual	58	24	11	4	2	1	83	6	106
2020	Student	40	24	15	10	10	0	64	21	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	30	17	15	14	0	54	29	6506
2019	Term	45	31	13	5	6	0	76	11	205
2019	Student	39	27	16	9	8	0	67	17	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	30	17	16	18	0	50	33	5795
2018	Term	32	36	15	10	6	2	69	16	126
2018	Casual	36	45	8	5	5	1	82	10	80
2018	Student	29	39	14	12	6	0	68	18	161

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	32	17	13	13	0	0	56	26	6660
2022	Term	47	33	11	7	2	0	1	81	8	315
2022	Casual	54	29	7	6	4	0	1	83	9	80
2022	Student	48	27	18	6	1	0	0	75	6	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	26	39	16	12	7	0	0	65	19	7288
2020	Term	50	37	7	4	2	0	0	86	6	265
2020	Casual	56	31	9	1	1	0	2	89	2	106
2020	Student	48	29	15	4	3	1	0	78	7	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	37	18	14	10	0	0	58	24	6412
2019	Term	45	34	12	6	2	0	1	79	8	200
2019	Student	42	34	14	6	2	1	0	77	8	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	31	19	17	14	0	0	50	31	5821
2018	Term	34	38	15	8	4	1	0	73	12	126
2018	Casual	35	33	22	6	3	0	1	69	9	81
2018	Student	35	38	15	9	3	1	0	73	12	159

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	31	19	17	17	3	0	46	35	6665
2022	Term	30	38	17	9	2	3	0	71	12	315
2022	Casual	41	34	11	5	2	8	0	80	7	80
2022	Student	27	35	20	8	2	6	2	68	11	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	38	20	14	9	3	0	56	24	7381
2020	Term	40	36	13	6	1	4	0	79	7	267
2020	Casual	42	43	9	3	0	3	1	88	3	107
2020	Student	26	28	11	15	7	9	4	63	25	102
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	34	22	17	12	3	0	47	30	6521
2019	Term	34	36	15	9	3	3	0	73	12	205
2019	Student	23	32	21	10	5	6	2	59	17	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	27	26	18	18	2	0	37	37	5864
2018	Term	26	37	13	12	6	7	0	68	19	128
2018	Casual	26	35	23	9	3	1	3	64	12	81
2018	Student	24	34	20	9	5	9	0	63	15	161

Work-life balance and workload

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	28	30	11	14	17	0	0	57	31	6660
2022	Term	54	28	9	4	2	1	1	84	7	315
2022	Casual	69	20	3	3	4	0	1	90	7	80
2022	Student	66	14	10	6	3	0	1	81	9	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	35	30	12	12	11	0	0	65	22	7368
2020	Term	63	20	10	5	2	0	0	84	7	266
2020	Casual	64	26	6	2	2	0	0	90	4	107
2020	Student	55	26	10	5	5	0	0	81	10	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	33	12	13	13	0	0	61	27	6493
2019	Term	55	27	11	2	4	0	1	83	6	203
2019	Student	51	25	11	7	4	1	1	78	11	355
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	27	33	14	14	12	0	0	59	26	5862
2018	Term	43	33	15	4	3	1	2	78	6	129
2018	Casual	46	39	4	3	4	1	3	89	7	81
2018	Student	51	29	14	3	3	1	0	81	5	160

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	35	32	17	7	6	0	3	70	13	6665
2022	Term	57	29	10	3	1	0	1	87	4	315
2022	Casual	65	23	9	2	1	0	0	88	3	80
2022	Student	70	20	5	2	1	1	1	92	3	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	37	34	16	7	5	0	1	72	12	7335
2020	Term	59	26	9	4	1	0	0	86	5	265
2020	Casual	58	34	5	2	1	0	1	93	3	106
2020	Student	75	20	5	0	0	0	0	95	0	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	34	34	19	7	5	0	1	68	13	6478
2019	Term	57	25	14	1	2	0	0	83	3	205
2019	Student	70	24	5	0	0	0	2	95	0	353
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	33	34	18	8	5	0	1	68	14	5868
2018	Term	52	31	11	2	2	1	1	84	5	129
2018	Casual	69	22	5	4	0	0	0	91	4	81
2018	Student	67	23	6	2	0	1	3	92	2	160

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	44	21	8	5	12	2	9	72	19	6665
2022	Term	66	17	5	2	2	3	5	90	4	315
2022	Casual	75	12	5	3	2	2	1	90	5	80
2022	Student	66	17	2	3	1	2	9	94	4	100

Mobility and retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	40	29	31	6665
2022	Term	46	31	23	315
2022	Casual	49	27	24	80
2022	Student	76	12	12	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	26	38	36	7403
2020	Term	29	40	31	268
2020	Casual	28	39	32	107
2020	Student	34	23	43	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	27	36	37	6530
2019	Term	29	32	38	205
2019	Student	45	23	32	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	28	35	36	5879
2018	Term	32	36	32	129
2018	Casual	37	24	39	81
2018	Student	36	26	38	162

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes, to retire (%)	Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Yes, other reason Specify other reason (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	43	27	7	0	8	2625
2022	Term	5	42	24	5	21	4	140
2022	Casual	6	36	18	7	28	4	40
2022	Student	0	11	8	5	76	1	75
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	38	30	5	0	6	1925
2020	Term	4	39	29	5	19	4	72
2020	Casual	9	20	0	4	60	6	29
2020	Student	0	8	22	6	61	3	36
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	35	32	6	0	6	1815
2019	Term	2	27	26	2	35	8	59
2019	Student	0	5	8	6	80	1	159
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	32	37	7	0	5	1690
2018	Term	3	34	29	3	30	1	40
2018	Casual	7	7	15	4	55	12	30
2018	Student	0	7	7	3	83	0	59

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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	33	38	12	9	9	0	0	70	18	6650
2022	Term	52	33	8	3	4	0	0	85	7	315
2022	Casual	61	29	6	1	1	0	1	92	2	80
2022	Student	46	32	11	8	2	1	0	79	10	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	37	12	8	5	0	0	74	14	7354
2020	Term	58	28	9	2	2	1	0	88	3	268
2020	Casual	60	30	8	0	2	0	0	90	2	106
2020	Student	44	40	8	6	2	0	0	84	8	102
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	30	39	14	10	7	0	0	69	18	6469
2019	Term	50	35	8	4	3	0	0	85	7	203
2019	Student	49	34	8	5	3	1	0	84	7	353
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	28	41	13	10	7	0	0	70	17	5849
2018	Term	36	46	11	5	2	0	0	82	7	126
2018	Casual	54	34	7	3	2	0	0	88	5	81
2018	Student	47	42	6	4	1	0	0	89	6	161

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	35	19	17	14	1	0	49	31	6660
2022	Term	36	38	17	4	3	2	0	75	7	315
2022	Casual	49	36	6	5	2	0	1	86	8	80
2022	Student	41	38	15	3	2	1	0	80	5	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	40	19	13	8	1	0	59	21	7379
2020	Term	48	35	12	3	1	1	0	84	4	265
2020	Casual	46	41	7	5	0	1	0	88	5	107
2020	Student	49	30	6	8	2	6	1	84	10	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	36	21	16	10	1	0	52	26	6511
2019	Term	36	43	11	4	4	2	0	80	9	203
2019	Student	39	40	12	5	1	1	0	81	7	355
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	36	21	18	13	1	0	48	30	5851
2018	Term	28	39	20	6	5	1	0	67	12	128
2018	Casual	30	45	13	8	1	1	1	77	9	81
2018	Student	39	39	12	6	1	3	1	81	7	160

Organizational performance

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	17	27	32	14	7	1	2	22	46	6660
2022	Term	4	24	33	19	16	1	3	37	29	315
2022	Casual	3	5	29	29	24	4	5	59	9	80
2022	Student	6	16	22	28	23	1	5	54	23	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	27	34	16	6	0	1	23	43	7389
2020	Term	8	15	28	30	18	1	0	48	24	268
2020	Casual	0	19	29	24	23	2	2	49	20	107
2020	Student	4	18	27	28	22	1	1	50	22	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	17	30	32	14	6	1	1	20	47	6518
2019	Term	5	21	27	29	17	0	1	47	26	204
2019	Student	6	11	25	29	25	1	2	56	18	355
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	31	31	12	4	1	1	17	52	5845
2018	Term	9	25	21	24	17	2	2	42	36	128
2018	Casual	3	14	35	22	19	1	7	44	18	80
2018	Student	6	13	24	29	24	1	2	55	20	156

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	27	26	13	6	1	3	19	53	6660
2022	Term	10	18	30	16	19	3	4	38	29	315
2022	Casual	7	5	20	36	21	8	3	64	13	80
2022	Student	6	9	17	27	26	3	11	62	17	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	25	29	15	7	1	2	22	47	7350
2020	Term	5	14	34	24	21	1	1	46	20	267
2020	Casual	1	17	30	20	24	4	5	47	20	107
2020	Student	7	9	20	21	31	2	10	60	17	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	26	27	25	13	6	1	2	19	55	6509
2019	Term	10	21	26	17	19	4	4	39	33	205
2019	Student	8	13	20	21	27	5	5	54	23	355
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	28	25	11	4	1	2	16	59	5820
2018	Term	11	19	23	16	20	7	3	41	33	128
2018	Casual	15	18	26	18	15	3	5	36	35	80
2018	Student	6	15	20	19	28	6	4	53	24	158

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	15	29	26	13	1	6	42	27	6645
2022	Term	4	7	22	32	28	1	6	65	11	310
2022	Casual	1	5	13	31	42	4	4	80	6	80
2022	Student	1	2	12	24	48	1	11	82	4	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	14	30	30	13	1	3	44	24	7365
2020	Term	3	6	19	34	36	0	1	71	9	266
2020	Casual	1	4	15	38	34	3	5	78	6	106
2020	Student	2	1	11	24	56	1	6	86	3	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	16	30	27	12	1	3	40	29	6476
2019	Term	4	7	20	28	36	1	3	67	12	205
2019	Student	1	4	9	32	45	3	7	85	6	352
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	17	31	25	9	1	3	37	31	5808
2018	Term	6	11	20	24	31	3	5	60	19	126
2018	Casual	4	7	17	26	42	2	2	71	11	78
2018	Student	1	4	13	28	44	2	9	81	5	159

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	26	24	24	13	9	1	3	23	52	6645
2022	Term	4	11	26	20	28	2	9	54	17	310
2022	Casual	2	7	19	24	36	8	5	68	10	80
2022	Student	6	6	18	16	44	0	10	67	13	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	23	28	19	9	1	1	28	43	7376
2020	Term	6	8	21	27	34	1	3	64	14	266
2020	Casual	2	5	23	25	35	3	6	67	8	106
2020	Student	5	3	22	18	48	2	3	69	8	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	30	26	24	13	6	1	1	19	56	6511
2019	Term	5	10	25	23	29	2	5	56	17	204
2019	Student	3	11	10	27	40	3	5	73	16	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	27	22	9	5	1	1	14	64	5836
2018	Term	10	15	20	23	25	6	3	51	27	128
2018	Casual	9	6	20	20	34	1	10	60	17	80
2018	Student	5	11	21	27	28	4	4	60	17	158

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	22	25	16	11	2	4	28	45	6655
2022	Term	6	19	24	16	20	6	8	43	29	310
2022	Casual	4	12	16	10	30	14	14	56	22	80
2022	Student	10	7	10	16	34	10	13	65	22	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	17	28	26	13	2	2	41	31	7344
2020	Term	6	11	20	20	32	8	3	58	19	265
2020	Casual	7	6	14	19	34	15	5	67	15	107
2020	Student	6	4	12	20	44	8	7	74	11	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	23	27	19	9	2	2	28	44	6483
2019	Term	7	14	22	23	25	5	4	53	23	205
2019	Student	7	9	14	22	35	9	4	66	18	352
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	23	26	18	7	1	2	26	48	5807
2018	Term	15	18	20	13	21	10	4	40	37	127
2018	Casual	8	12	26	13	21	12	7	42	26	80
2018	Student	5	8	13	24	36	9	6	70	15	160

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	26	27	12	6	2	3	19	53	6660
2022	Term	9	18	30	16	20	3	5	38	29	315
2022	Casual	4	11	23	18	31	7	7	56	17	80
2022	Student	7	10	22	16	32	5	8	55	20	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	25	29	16	7	2	1	24	46	7355
2020	Term	5	10	34	23	23	3	2	48	16	267
2020	Casual	1	11	20	26	30	6	4	64	13	106
2020	Student	9	6	16	20	38	3	9	65	16	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	25	27	28	12	6	1	1	19	53	6498
2019	Term	11	18	22	23	21	2	3	47	30	205
2019	Student	7	13	21	18	34	3	5	56	21	353
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	28	27	28	10	4	1	2	15	57	5835
2018	Term	10	19	25	13	22	7	4	39	33	128
2018	Casual	10	11	27	26	22	1	4	51	21	78
2018	Student	6	10	18	26	29	4	8	62	17	157

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	20	31	19	9	1	2	29	39	6665
2022	Term	6	9	27	26	26	1	5	55	16	310
2022	Casual	2	9	18	31	32	2	6	69	12	80
2022	Student	12	9	28	16	30	0	6	48	22	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	22	34	20	8	0	1	28	37	7388
2020	Term	5	9	35	26	24	1	1	50	14	267
2020	Casual	4	12	27	24	26	3	4	53	17	106
2020	Student	7	13	28	29	23	0	0	52	20	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	27	30	12	5	0	1	18	52	6524
2019	Term	10	18	32	20	16	1	3	38	29	205
2019	Student	15	17	28	20	17	1	2	38	33	353

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	20	18	26	28	1	0	27	54	6665
2022	Term	25	32	20	12	8	3	0	59	21	310
2022	Casual	34	32	11	10	7	4	2	70	19	80
2022	Student	29	32	14	13	7	4	1	64	21	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	28	21	24	16	1	0	39	40	7335
2020	Term	36	35	16	8	2	3	0	73	11	266
2020	Casual	45	36	8	6	0	4	1	85	7	107
2020	Student	39	24	15	12	4	6	0	67	16	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	21	20	27	24	1	0	28	52	6489
2019	Term	22	34	18	14	8	3	0	58	23	202
2019	Student	25	34	17	15	4	5	1	62	20	351

Diversity and inclusion

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	37	28	10	11	13	1	0	65	24	6660
2022	Term	58	24	6	6	4	1	0	84	10	315
2022	Casual	60	23	7	4	4	1	0	84	8	80
2022	Student	58	23	6	7	4	1	1	83	11	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	38	28	10	13	10	1	0	67	23	7354
2020	Term	59	25	6	5	3	0	0	85	9	267
2020	Casual	65	21	8	2	2	2	0	87	4	106
2020	Student	57	21	6	7	9	0	0	79	16	103
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	33	29	12	14	12	0	0	62	26	6501
2019	Term	54	30	8	5	2	0	0	84	8	203
2019	Student	48	23	8	12	7	0	0	72	19	355
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	27	30	13	15	15	0	0	57	30	5823
2018	Term	51	30	7	7	5	0	0	81	12	127
2018	Casual	47	22	13	12	4	1	0	69	17	80
2018	Student	41	33	7	12	5	1	0	76	18	162

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	40	33	10	10	7	0	74	16	6660
2022	Term	64	24	6	4	2	0	88	6	315
2022	Casual	75	12	6	5	1	0	87	6	80
2022	Student	64	25	5	4	2	0	89	6	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	42	34	10	9	5	0	76	14	7353
2020	Term	67	22	4	4	2	0	90	6	267
2020	Casual	70	22	4	3	1	0	92	4	105
2020	Student	64	20	5	6	5	0	85	11	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	34	36	11	11	7	0	71	18	6508
2019	Term	59	29	6	4	2	0	88	6	203
2019	Student	52	26	9	9	3	0	79	12	351
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	39	13	11	7	0	69	18	5825
2018	Term	48	36	11	5	1	0	84	5	127
2018	Casual	49	33	6	7	4	1	83	11	80
2018	Student	44	34	11	6	4	0	79	10	160

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	34	36	14	7	7	1	0	72	14	6665
2022	Term	49	33	11	4	1	1	0	83	6	315
2022	Casual	62	22	10	4	1	0	1	85	5	80
2022	Student	57	24	10	7	2	1	0	81	9	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	38	14	7	4	1	0	75	11	7321
2020	Term	57	27	9	3	1	3	0	87	4	267
2020	Casual	67	21	8	1	1	3	0	90	2	105
2020	Student	53	21	14	8	4	0	1	74	12	102
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	30	40	16	7	6	1	0	70	13	6513
2019	Term	50	33	10	5	0	1	1	84	5	204
2019	Student	45	27	15	7	4	1	1	74	11	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	42	18	8	6	1	0	67	14	5829
2018	Term	42	37	11	4	2	3	1	82	6	127
2018	Casual	41	37	12	6	1	1	1	80	8	79
2018	Student	40	30	19	7	2	2	0	72	9	161

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	31	18	14	15	2	0	52	29	6665
2022	Term	48	34	9	3	5	2	0	83	7	315
2022	Casual	57	31	5	1	3	1	2	91	4	80
2022	Student	45	36	6	7	1	2	2	85	9	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	36	17	12	8	2	0	62	21	7337
2020	Term	61	26	7	3	2	2	0	88	5	268
2020	Casual	63	28	3	4	0	1	0	93	4	106
2020	Student	49	26	7	13	3	1	1	76	17	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	37	19	13	10	2	0	58	23	6482
2019	Term	52	32	10	4	1	2	0	85	5	204
2019	Student	44	34	11	7	3	1	0	80	10	351
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	38	20	11	8	2	0	60	20	5843
2018	Term	45	37	12	1	3	2	0	84	4	128
2018	Casual	53	28	10	6	0	3	0	84	6	81
2018	Student	52	32	7	6	2	1	0	85	7	162

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	25	34	17	8	8	7	1	65	16	6655
2022	Term	47	34	8	3	2	6	1	87	5	315
2022	Casual	57	24	6	1	1	11	0	91	2	80
2022	Student	43	37	6	6	1	6	1	86	7	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	35	19	7	6	4	1	66	14	7365
2020	Term	61	20	9	4	1	5	0	85	6	267
2020	Casual	59	25	7	0	1	7	0	91	1	107
2020	Student	42	23	10	10	3	11	2	75	14	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	26	35	20	8	7	3	1	64	15	6499
2019	Term	53	29	11	2	1	3	0	86	3	203
2019	Student	46	28	14	4	2	4	0	78	7	353
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	35	23	7	7	3	1	62	14	5847
2018	Term	43	32	13	3	4	4	1	79	7	129
2018	Casual	46	28	8	8	0	9	0	82	8	81
2018	Student	49	29	13	3	0	6	0	83	3	162

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	27	36	12	12	12	0	0	64	24	6665
2022	Term	63	29	4	2	2	0	0	92	4	315
2022	Casual	75	18	2	3	2	0	0	93	5	80
2022	Student	64	27	4	3	1	1	0	92	4	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	34	13	9	7	0	0	71	17	7360
2020	Term	75	17	6	3	0	0	0	92	3	269
2020	Casual	80	19	0	0	0	1	0	100	0	106
2020	Student	64	18	10	5	2	1	0	83	7	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	27	37	15	11	10	0	0	64	21	6516
2019	Term	68	24	3	3	1	0	0	93	4	205
2019	Student	59	27	6	5	3	0	0	86	7	353
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	37	18	12	10	0	0	59	23	5836
2018	Term	57	32	6	2	2	1	0	90	4	127
2018	Casual	53	37	7	0	0	3	1	93	0	80
2018	Student	56	34	6	3	1	0	0	90	4	160

Anti-racism

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	27	11	8	9	5	4	70	19	6665
2022	Term	47	21	14	5	4	6	4	76	9	315
2022	Casual	42	24	12	4	6	5	7	74	12	80
2022	Student	46	24	5	7	3	5	10	82	12	100

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	27	11	8	9	6	4	69	19	6670
2022	Term	47	24	11	5	3	7	3	78	9	315
2022	Casual	39	23	9	7	7	7	7	73	17	80
2022	Student	45	20	9	4	3	11	8	80	10	100

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	26	23	8	5	12	2	58	15	6660
2022	Term	39	24	15	6	1	13	2	74	8	315
2022	Casual	46	14	10	2	3	23	2	80	6	80
2022	Student	32	24	22	5	4	13	0	64	10	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	28	34	20	7	5	5	1	66	13	7384
2020	Term	53	21	13	6	1	6	0	78	7	267
2020	Casual	56	24	9	0	1	9	1	89	1	106
2020	Student	41	24	10	7	7	11	1	74	15	105

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	32	30	12	8	10	6	4	68	19	6650
2022	Term	49	29	8	6	4	3	2	81	10	315
2022	Casual	52	25	3	8	5	6	2	83	14	80
2022	Student	57	22	5	4	4	7	1	86	9	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	31	13	7	7	3	2	71	15	7364
2020	Term	56	23	12	3	2	3	1	82	5	268
2020	Casual	63	21	8	2	0	5	0	89	3	107
2020	Student	48	28	5	6	6	5	3	82	13	104

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	13	26	6	11	33	4	33	26	6660
2022	Term	12	16	19	2	3	42	6	53	10	315
2022	Casual	14	8	11	0	2	55	10	62	7	80
2022	Student	10	14	13	1	2	49	11	59	7	100

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	1	4	10	20	52	9	3	6	82	265
2022	Term	0	17	14	20	16	33	0	26	53	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	6	15	18	50	9	1	9	75	218

Ethical workplace

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	26	18	13	16	5	3	49	32	6665
2022	Term	34	28	16	5	4	7	7	72	10	315
2022	Casual	33	19	19	2	5	12	10	67	9	80
2022	Student	30	29	10	6	2	18	4	76	11	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	28	19	13	12	4	3	53	27	7382
2020	Term	41	29	11	5	4	6	5	79	9	267
2020	Casual	47	20	16	3	2	9	3	76	6	106
2020	Student	35	24	11	7	5	11	8	73	14	103
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	28	18	15	15	3	2	50	31	6497
2019	Term	33	31	13	9	3	6	5	72	14	204
2019	Student	35	25	14	8	7	6	6	68	16	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	30	20	15	17	3	1	45	33	5841
2018	Term	27	32	16	6	6	7	6	67	14	126
2018	Casual	33	24	16	12	5	4	6	63	19	80
2018	Student	25	30	12	10	6	8	9	67	19	162

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	34	16	15	13	3	1	55	29	6660
2022	Term	34	37	15	4	5	4	1	75	9	315
2022	Casual	46	26	11	3	8	3	3	77	11	80
2022	Student	34	26	12	10	7	7	4	68	19	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	25	37	16	11	8	2	1	64	20	7375
2020	Term	48	29	10	7	2	2	2	80	10	267
2020	Casual	56	29	4	4	3	3	1	89	7	107
2020	Student	41	22	13	7	4	9	5	73	12	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	37	16	13	10	1	1	60	23	6503
2019	Term	39	30	14	8	3	4	3	73	12	204
2019	Student	37	31	11	12	5	3	2	71	17	352
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	39	17	12	9	1	1	61	22	5858
2018	Term	35	35	12	10	4	3	1	72	15	128
2018	Casual	31	24	19	14	3	7	2	61	19	81
2018	Student	32	32	14	8	6	7	1	70	15	161

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	31	21	14	16	1	0	48	31	6660
2022	Term	41	33	16	4	3	3	0	77	7	315
2022	Casual	57	21	8	2	5	4	3	84	7	80
2022	Student	41	36	15	6	1	2	0	78	7	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	35	20	12	9	1	0	58	21	7363
2020	Term	48	32	13	3	2	3	0	82	5	267
2020	Casual	55	31	8	4	0	2	0	88	4	106
2020	Student	48	30	11	7	1	3	1	81	8	103
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	17	34	22	14	12	1	0	52	26	6498
2019	Term	40	38	12	7	1	3	0	80	8	202
2019	Student	40	38	13	5	3	2	0	79	8	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	34	24	14	13	1	0	50	27	5845
2018	Term	35	32	21	4	3	3	0	70	8	128
2018	Casual	33	39	19	4	1	3	1	74	6	80
2018	Student	37	34	17	7	2	2	0	73	9	161

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	22	16	16	23	7	2	40	43	6655
2022	Term	33	22	19	6	6	12	3	64	14	315
2022	Casual	43	24	10	2	7	9	5	78	10	80
2022	Student	33	24	11	4	9	11	7	70	16	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	23	17	17	20	6	2	42	39	7373
2020	Term	41	21	13	7	4	13	1	72	12	267
2020	Casual	46	16	14	1	4	12	6	77	6	106
2020	Student	41	18	8	9	8	13	3	71	20	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	22	17	17	24	5	1	38	44	6513
2019	Term	32	24	14	8	6	12	3	67	16	204
2019	Student	31	22	11	13	7	11	5	64	23	352
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	23	18	18	25	4	1	35	45	5860
2018	Term	25	24	18	8	8	16	2	59	19	125
2018	Casual	24	23	24	9	6	8	6	55	17	80
2018	Student	29	23	16	9	6	14	3	62	19	161

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	41	7	18	13	0	62	31	6665
2022	Term	47	40	3	7	3	0	87	10	315
2022	Casual	55	31	5	9	0	0	86	9	80
2022	Student	56	31	5	7	2	0	86	9	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	27	47	6	15	6	0	74	20	7399
2020	Term	49	40	2	7	1	1	89	9	268
2020	Casual	49	38	3	5	4	0	87	10	106
2020	Student	53	36	4	5	2	0	90	7	105

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	27	33	9	16	15	1	60	30	6660
2022	Term	47	34	6	10	1	1	82	12	315
2022	Casual	54	31	3	11	0	1	85	11	80
2022	Student	58	25	9	3	3	2	85	6	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	33	38	9	13	7	0	71	20	7375
2020	Term	54	28	6	10	1	0	82	12	267
2020	Casual	57	30	3	6	3	1	88	9	107
2020	Student	52	28	5	13	1	1	81	14	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	28	35	9	17	11	0	63	28	6510
2019	Term	57	30	5	5	3	1	87	8	203
2019	Student	58	27	6	7	2	0	85	9	354

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	36	11	13	11	0	0	65	24	6650
2022	Term	52	33	8	5	2	1	1	86	7	310
2022	Casual	65	20	8	3	2	0	2	86	6	80
2022	Student	64	26	3	4	1	0	2	92	5	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	36	11	11	6	0	0	72	17	7339
2020	Term	57	23	11	6	2	0	1	80	8	266
2020	Casual	58	29	5	5	3	0	1	88	8	106
2020	Student	54	26	10	9	1	0	0	81	10	103
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	37	12	14	8	0	0	66	22	6476
2019	Term	58	32	7	1	2	0	0	90	3	204
2019	Student	58	28	6	7	1	0	0	85	9	352

Use of official languages

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	64	24	5	3	2	1	1	90	5	6665
2022	Term	79	16	3	1	0	0	0	96	1	315
2022	Casual	91	6	2	0	1	0	0	97	1	80
2022	Student	90	2	0	5	2	1	0	93	7	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	71	20	4	2	2	0	1	92	4	7375
2020	Term	86	9	2	0	2	1	1	96	2	268
2020	Casual	85	10	2	1	2	0	0	95	2	107
2020	Student	89	8	1	2	1	0	0	96	3	105

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	76	11	4	2	3	0	4	91	5	6670
2022	Term	88	7	3	0	1	0	1	95	2	315
2022	Casual	85	8	3	0	2	0	2	95	2	80
2022	Student	88	9	0	1	0	0	2	99	1	100
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	75	12	5	2	2	0	3	90	4	6486
2019	Term	79	12	4	0	2	0	3	94	2	202
2019	Student	77	13	3	1	1	1	3	94	3	354

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	33	20	12	7	7	16	5	67	18	6670
2022	Term	51	18	7	5	2	14	2	83	8	315
2022	Casual	46	20	7	2	3	21	1	84	6	80
2022	Student	44	23	10	3	4	14	3	80	9	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	21	12	6	8	14	4	69	17	7383
2020	Term	50	22	7	5	3	9	4	83	9	267
2020	Casual	57	14	7	5	4	10	2	81	11	107
2020	Student	38	15	13	11	4	13	6	65	18	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	21	12	7	8	14	3	68	17	6527
2019	Term	54	15	7	6	6	9	3	78	13	205
2019	Student	46	16	6	8	5	15	3	76	16	355

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	79	6670
2022	Term	7	93	315
2022	Casual	8	92	80
2022	Student	10	90	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	17	83	7394
2020	Term	7	93	268
2020	Casual	6	94	105
2020	Student	9	91	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	79	6517
2019	Term	13	87	204
2019	Student	9	91	353
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	77	5871
2018	Term	7	93	129
2018	Student	12	88	162

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	50	50	1245
2022	Term	82	18	25
2022	Student	90	10	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	52	48	1172
2020	Term	72	28	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	55	45	1276
2019	Student	83	17	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	52	48	1320

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	66	34	1245
2022	Term	53	47	25
2022	Student	28	72	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	66	34	1172
2020	Term	50	50	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	65	35	1276
2019	Term	51	49	25
2019	Student	52	48	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	69	31	1320
2018	Student	30	70	20

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	93	1245
2022	Term	2	98	25
2022	Student	0	100	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	1172
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	1276
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	1320
2018	Student	0	100	20

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	5	95	1245
2022	Term	0	100	25
2022	Student	9	91	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	5	95	1172
2020	Term	0	100	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	5	95	1276
2019	Student	0	100	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	5	95	1320
2018	Student	0	100	20

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	5	95	1245
2022	Term	0	100	25
2022	Student	0	100	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	5	95	1172
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	1276
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	1320
2018	Student	0	100	20

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	80	1245
2022	Term	0	100	25
2022	Student	20	80	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	84	1172
2020	Term	0	100	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	82	1276
2019	Student	24	76	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	81	1320
2018	Term	0	100	10

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	1245
2022	Term	4	96	25
2022	Student	0	100	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	1172
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	1276
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	1320
2018	Student	0	100	20

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	42	58	1250
2022	Term	29	71	25
2022	Student	40	60	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	41	59	1172
2020	Term	53	47	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	42	58	1264
2019	Student	21	79	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	42	58	1322

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	38	62	1250
2022	Term	25	75	25
2022	Student	9	91	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	37	63	1172
2020	Term	32	68	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	38	62	1264
2019	Student	21	79	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	40	60	1322

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	55	45	1250
2022	Term	49	51	25
2022	Student	28	72	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	52	48	1172
2020	Term	47	53	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	54	46	1264
2019	Term	50	50	25
2019	Student	48	52	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	50	50	1322
2018	Student	42	58	19

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	42	58	1250
2022	Term	35	65	25
2022	Student	50	50	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	43	57	1172
2020	Term	52	48	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	44	56	1264
2019	Student	41	59	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	42	58	1322
2018	Student	47	53	19

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	33	67	1250
2022	Term	29	71	25
2022	Student	0	100	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	33	67	1172
2020	Term	35	65	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	64	1264
2019	Term	27	73	25
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	64	1322
2018	Term	56	44	10

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	56	44	1250
2022	Term	35	65	25
2022	Student	49	51	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	56	44	1172
2020	Term	65	35	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	54	46	1264
2019	Student	59	41	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	55	45	1322
2018	Student	68	32	19

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	40	60	1250
2022	Term	25	75	25
2022	Student	11	89	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	41	59	1172
2020	Term	62	38	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	41	59	1264
2019	Student	38	62	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	41	59	1322
2018	Student	32	68	19

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	1250
2022	Term	0	100	25
2022	Student	0	100	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	1172
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	1264
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	1322
2018	Student	0	100	19

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	1250
2022	Term	2	98	25
2022	Student	31	69	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	1172
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	1264
2019	Student	31	69	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	89	1322
2018	Student	32	68	19

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	87	1250
2022	Term	5	95	25
2022	Student	10	90	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	86	1172
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	87	1264
2019	Term	0	100	25
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	1322

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	60	40	1250
2022	Term	54	46	25
2022	Student	48	52	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	57	43	1172
2020	Term	33	67	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	59	41	1264
2019	Term	50	50	25
2019	Student	45	55	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	57	43	1322
2018	Student	32	68	19

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	28	72	1250
2022	Term	16	84	25
2022	Student	20	80	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	71	1172
2020	Term	41	59	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	30	70	1264
2019	Student	21	79	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	71	1322
2018	Student	26	74	19

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	79	1250
2022	Term	56	44	25
2022	Student	28	72	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	17	83	1172
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	17	83	1264
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	85	1322

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	44	56	1250
2022	Term	48	52	25
2022	Student	61	39	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	46	54	1172
2020	Term	53	47	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	49	51	1257
2019	Student	55	45	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	50	50	1326
2018	Student	45	55	20

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	79	1250
2022	Term	27	73	25
2022	Student	0	100	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	26	74	1172
2020	Term	45	55	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	71	1257
2019	Student	24	76	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	28	72	1326

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	94	1250
2022	Term	7	93	25
2022	Student	0	100	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	5	95	1172
2020	Term	0	100	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	94	1257
2019	Term	0	100	24
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	94	1326

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	77	1250
2022	Term	9	91	25
2022	Student	0	100	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	78	1172
2020	Term	0	100	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	26	74	1257
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	76	1326
2018	Student	0	100	20

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	93	1250
2022	Term	12	88	25
2022	Student	0	100	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	1172
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	1257
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	1326

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	1250
2022	Term	5	95	25
2022	Student	11	89	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	1172
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	1257
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	1326

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	89	1250
2022	Term	2	98	25
2022	Student	0	100	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	87	1172
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	85	1257
2019	Student	21	79	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	85	1326
2018	Student	0	100	20

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	85	1250
2022	Term	11	89	25
2022	Student	9	91	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	89	1172
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	1257
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	89	1326

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	32	68	1250
2022	Term	44	56	25
2022	Student	30	70	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	30	70	1172
2020	Term	30	70	18
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	27	73	1257
2019	Term	30	70	24
2019	Student	34	66	29
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	27	73	1326
2018	Student	55	45	20

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	93	1110
2022	Term	5	95	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	93	1040
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	1113
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	1169

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	1110
2022	Term	34	66	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	86	1040
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	85	1113
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	87	1169
2018	Student	50	50	18

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	94	1110
2022	Term	0	100	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	92	1040
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	93	1113
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	1169

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	1110
2022	Term	0	100	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	1040
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	5	95	1113
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	94	1169
2018	Student	0	100	18

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	94	1110
2022	Term	0	100	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	93	1040
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	92	1113
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	92	1169

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	93	1110
2022	Term	6	94	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	93	1040
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	92	1113
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	92	1169

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	92	1110
2022	Term	14	86	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	92	1040
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	93	1113
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	93	1169

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	86	1110
2022	Term	23	77	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	1040
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	1113
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	1169

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	87	1110
2022	Term	10	90	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	86	1040
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	1113
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	1169
2018	Student	0	100	18

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	39	61	1110
2022	Term	35	65	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	38	62	1040
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	37	63	1113
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	37	63	1169
2018	Student	33	67	18

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	1110
2022	Term	0	100	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	89	1040
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	1113
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	1169

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	51	49	1110
2022	Term	54	46	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	56	44	1040
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	54	46	1113
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	49	51	1169
2018	Student	39	61	18

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	1	99	1110
2022	Term	0	100	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	1040
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	1113
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	1169
2018	Student	0	100	18

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	66	34	1110
2022	Term	60	40	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	65	35	1040
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	64	36	1113
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	64	36	1169
2018	Student	56	44	18

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	1110
2022	Term	2	98	25

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	82	1110
2022	Term	9	91	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	87	1040
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	86	1113
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	1169

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	13	16	11	20	26	6	31	45	6660
2022	Term	23	9	13	4	4	36	11	61	15	315
2022	Casual	24	8	5	0	3	49	11	80	8	80
2022	Student	20	11	7	4	3	38	17	68	16	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	18	20	12	14	19	5	40	34	7384
2020	Term	32	13	8	4	5	29	9	73	13	267
2020	Casual	31	15	11	1	1	32	9	78	4	107
2020	Student	24	11	8	6	4	30	18	67	18	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	16	22	12	18	17	5	34	39	6520
2019	Term	24	17	16	5	4	24	10	63	12	205
2019	Student	24	14	12	6	2	28	14	64	14	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	16	25	13	19	14	3	31	39	5856
2018	Term	22	16	12	7	5	29	9	61	18	127
2018	Casual	20	21	16	1	5	22	15	65	10	81
2018	Student	24	16	12	3	7	27	10	64	17	162

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	26	18	12	17	10	2	48	32	6660
2022	Term	38	25	13	5	3	15	2	76	9	315
2022	Casual	46	9	13	0	2	26	3	78	3	80
2022	Student	37	30	9	11	1	9	3	76	13	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	27	21	12	11	7	1	53	25	7382
2020	Term	50	21	9	4	3	12	1	82	8	266
2020	Casual	45	28	9	4	1	12	1	84	5	107
2020	Student	41	15	14	6	6	15	2	69	14	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	28	21	12	14	6	1	50	28	6518
2019	Term	43	28	14	5	2	6	2	77	8	203
2019	Student	36	25	14	6	2	14	3	74	9	355
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	28	23	14	15	5	0	45	31	5859
2018	Term	35	31	12	4	3	11	4	77	8	128
2018	Casual	36	34	13	1	0	14	2	83	2	80
2018	Student	36	26	12	6	4	12	2	73	12	161

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	84	6660
2022	Term	7	93	315
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	7379
2020	Term	5	95	269
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	87	6515
2019	Casual	6	94	143
2019	Student	5	95	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	85	5857
2018	Student	6	94	160

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	32	68	950
2022	Term	51	49	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	37	63	807
2020	Term	52	48	15
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	37	63	806
2019	Student	61	39	18
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	35	65	830

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	77	23	950
2022	Term	75	25	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	80	20	807
2020	Term	68	32	15
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	79	21	806
2019	Student	50	50	18
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	80	20	830

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	950
2022	Term	0	100	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	807
2020	Term	0	100	15
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	806
2019	Student	0	100	18
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	830

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	5	95	950
2022	Term	0	100	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	807
2020	Term	0	100	15
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	806
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	830

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	92	950
2022	Term	5	95	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	5	95	807
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	93	806
2019	Student	0	100	18
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	830

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	17	83	950
2022	Term	5	95	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	86	807
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	85	806
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	86	830

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	950
2022	Term	5	95	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	92	807
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	93	806
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	830

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	71	950
2022	Term	39	61	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	27	73	807
2020	Term	41	59	15
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	77	791
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	25	75	826

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	82	950
2022	Term	23	77	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	17	83	807
2020	Term	35	65	15
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	82	791
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	82	826

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	81	950
2022	Term	22	78	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	84	807
2020	Term	41	59	15
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	85	791
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	17	83	826

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	950
2022	Term	6	94	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	93	807
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	94	791
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	94	826

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	77	950
2022	Term	36	64	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	77	807
2020	Term	52	48	15
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	25	75	791
2019	Student	50	50	18
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	80	826

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	64	950
2022	Term	19	81	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	32	68	807
2020	Term	38	62	15
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	34	66	791
2019	Student	56	44	18
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	37	63	826

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	93	950
2022	Term	7	93	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	94	807
2020	Term	0	100	15
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	5	95	791
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	826

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	950
2022	Term	0	100	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	807
2020	Term	0	100	15
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	791
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	826

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	950
2022	Term	3	97	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	807
2020	Term	0	100	15
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	87	791
2019	Student	0	100	18
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	89	826

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	25	75	950
2022	Term	12	88	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	27	73	807
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	26	74	791
2019	Student	0	100	18
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	25	75	826

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	950
2022	Term	2	98	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	1	99	807
2020	Term	0	100	15
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	1	99	791
2019	Student	0	100	18
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	1	99	826

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	78	950
2022	Term	21	79	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	19	81	807
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	77	791
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	79	826

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	100	950
2022	Term	100	25
2020	Term	100	15

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	84	950
2022	Term	14	86	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	85	807
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	84	791
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	86	826

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	28	72	950
2022	Term	37	63	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	28	72	807
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	31	69	787
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	31	69	829

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	87	950
2022	Term	10	90	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	807
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	17	83	787
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	84	829

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	950
2022	Term	0	100	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	807
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	787
2019	Student	0	100	18
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	829

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	78	950
2022	Term	9	91	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	82	807
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	80	787
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	79	829

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	950
2022	Term	7	93	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	807
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	5	95	787
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	829

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	950
2022	Term	5	95	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	807
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	89	787
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	829

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	93	950
2022	Term	10	90	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	807
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	787
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	829

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	950
2022	Term	5	95	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	807
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	89	787
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	92	829

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	49	51	950
2022	Term	50	50	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	49	51	807
2020	Term	59	41	15
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	46	54	787
2019	Student	56	44	18
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	48	52	829

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	845
2022	Term	19	81	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	725
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	94	643
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	5	95	744

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	92	845
2022	Term	27	73	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	88	725
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	643
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	744

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	845
2022	Term	13	87	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	725
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	643
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	744

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	1	99	845
2022	Term	10	90	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	725
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	643
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	744

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	845
2022	Term	0	100	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	1	99	725
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	643
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	744

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	845
2022	Term	0	100	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	725
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	643
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	744

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	94	845
2022	Term	19	81	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	725
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	94	643
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	744

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	89	845
2022	Term	30	70	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	725
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	643
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	744

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	89	845
2022	Term	13	87	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	725
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	89	643
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	92	744

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	35	65	845
2022	Term	23	77	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	33	67	725
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	31	69	643
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	30	70	744

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	845
2022	Term	2	98	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	89	725
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	643
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	91	744

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	47	53	845
2022	Term	52	48	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	51	49	725
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	50	50	643
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	45	55	744

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	845
2022	Term	0	100	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	1	99	725
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	643
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	3	97	744

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	68	32	845
2022	Term	57	43	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	66	34	725
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	66	34	643
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	70	30	744

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	2	98	845
2022	Term	0	100	25

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	84	845
2022	Term	12	88	25
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	87	725
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	90	643
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	87	744

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	14	21	9	13	27	5	35	34	6665
2022	Term	24	15	17	2	3	34	5	64	8	315
2022	Casual	28	9	8	1	3	43	9	75	8	80
2022	Student	28	15	13	2	0	34	8	75	3	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	19	24	7	9	23	4	45	23	7383
2020	Term	36	11	10	2	2	29	11	78	6	268
2020	Casual	34	16	14	1	0	29	7	78	1	106
2020	Student	25	13	9	6	4	28	16	67	17	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	17	26	7	11	21	5	40	25	6505
2019	Term	27	15	17	2	2	26	10	67	7	204
2019	Student	28	12	13	3	2	30	12	69	9	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	11	18	30	8	11	19	3	36	25	5853
2018	Term	19	25	13	3	1	31	7	72	7	126
2018	Casual	26	15	16	3	1	25	13	66	7	80
2018	Student	30	14	9	3	2	34	9	77	8	158

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	17	26	21	10	13	11	2	49	27	6665
2022	Term	38	25	15	3	3	16	1	76	7	315
2022	Casual	47	14	13	0	3	21	2	80	3	80
2022	Student	40	34	6	2	2	12	4	88	4	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	29	22	9	8	8	1	57	19	7374
2020	Term	51	20	9	1	2	14	2	85	4	266
2020	Casual	50	24	12	1	0	12	2	85	1	107
2020	Student	40	20	11	4	4	18	3	77	10	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	28	24	8	10	9	1	54	19	6500
2019	Term	48	24	15	3	2	7	1	79	5	205
2019	Student	42	21	12	3	2	16	4	79	7	353
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	28	27	9	11	8	1	48	22	5845
2018	Term	30	37	10	3	2	15	4	82	6	127
2018	Casual	36	28	11	1	3	16	4	80	5	81
2018	Student	41	25	11	2	1	17	3	82	4	158

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	80	6665
2022	Term	7	93	315
2022	Casual	4	96	80
2022	Student	11	89	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	17	83	7368
2020	Term	7	93	267
2020	Casual	0	100	107
2020	Student	5	95	103
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	78	6519
2019	Term	8	92	204
2019	Student	10	90	355

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	53	47	1235
2022	Term	73	27	25
2022	Student	63	37	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	51	49	1216

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	72	28	1235
2022	Term	45	55	25
2022	Student	72	28	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	78	22	1217
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	81	19	1353
2019	Term	91	9	15
2019	Student	60	40	35

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	35	32	9	13	10	1	67	23	885
2022	Term	43	43	0	13	0	0	87	13	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	42	34	8	9	5	1	77	15	955
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	39	34	7	11	9	0	74	19	1084
2019	Term	69	12	19	0	0	0	81	0	14
2019	Student	62	33	0	5	0	0	95	5	21

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	33	33	10	10	9	4	2	69	20	6665
2022	Term	45	32	11	6	2	1	3	80	9	315
2022	Casual	36	42	4	3	1	10	4	91	4	80
2022	Student	40	28	11	7	0	4	10	79	8	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	37	31	11	10	6	2	2	71	17	7389
2020	Term	52	27	8	5	1	2	5	85	6	269
2020	Casual	66	15	4	4	2	3	6	89	7	106
2020	Student	39	24	13	12	4	5	4	69	17	104

Future of work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?
Survey year	Demographic	20% (1 out of 5 days) (%)	40% (2 out of 5 days) (%)	60% (3 out of 5 days) (%)	80% (4 out of 5 days) (%)	Other Please specify (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	40	29	16	10	6	3565
2022	Term	45	29	11	5	9	210
2022	Casual	45	18	14	8	16	45
2022	Student	46	22	11	0	21	35

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	58	42	5830
2022	Term	83	17	260
2022	Casual	85	15	70
2022	Student	89	11	75

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	35	65	5810
2022	Term	41	59	260
2022	Casual	50	50	70
2022	Student	52	48	75

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	45	55	5810
2022	Term	53	47	260
2022	Casual	60	40	70
2022	Student	51	49	75

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	41	59	5810
2022	Term	41	59	260
2022	Casual	45	55	70
2022	Student	50	50	75

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	35	65	5810
2022	Term	22	78	260
2022	Casual	16	84	70
2022	Student	37	63	75

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	40	60	5810
2022	Term	32	68	260
2022	Casual	28	72	70
2022	Student	39	61	75

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	76	5810
2022	Term	19	81	260
2022	Casual	12	88	70
2022	Student	18	82	75

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	32	68	5810
2022	Term	31	69	260
2022	Casual	31	69	70
2022	Student	39	61	75

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	78	5810
2022	Term	22	78	260
2022	Casual	31	69	70
2022	Student	29	71	75

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	64	5810
2022	Term	24	76	260
2022	Casual	17	83	70
2022	Student	35	65	75

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	41	59	5810
2022	Term	33	67	260
2022	Casual	33	67	70
2022	Student	38	62	75

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	4	96	5810
2022	Term	4	96	260
2022	Casual	8	92	70
2022	Student	1	99	75

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	80	5810
2022	Term	15	85	260
2022	Casual	7	93	70
2022	Student	7	93	75

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	53	12	5	2	6	1	21	84	10	5825
2022	Term	67	13	7	1	3	1	9	89	4	260
2022	Casual	66	10	4	0	1	1	18	93	2	70
2022	Student	57	9	3	2	2	3	25	90	6	75

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	12	13	11	31	4	21	56	26	5830
2022	Term	6	14	19	16	34	3	8	57	22	260
2022	Casual	5	13	20	9	33	4	16	53	22	70
2022	Student	12	14	14	19	15	5	20	46	35	75

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	17	14	12	29	7	14	50	32	5825
2022	Term	7	16	17	16	35	6	4	56	25	260
2022	Casual	1	12	20	16	30	8	13	58	16	70
2022	Student	9	20	14	12	10	16	19	34	44	75

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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	41	30	8	9	11	1	0	72	20	6670
2022	Term	56	24	9	5	5	0	1	81	11	315
2022	Casual	56	32	5	2	1	3	1	92	3	80
2022	Student	51	24	9	8	3	5	0	79	11	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	39	31	9	10	10	1	0	70	20	7358
2020	Term	58	24	9	5	2	1	1	84	7	268
2020	Casual	61	25	6	4	2	2	0	88	7	105
2020	Student	44	21	13	13	5	2	2	67	19	105

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	9	17	8	34	6	20	57	19	6655
2022	Term	5	4	11	6	38	7	30	69	14	315
2022	Casual	4	6	5	5	47	4	29	77	15	80
2022	Student	3	4	9	7	39	11	28	75	11	100

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	37	17	12	13	2	0	57	26	6665
2022	Term	32	31	18	9	4	6	0	67	14	315
2022	Casual	33	32	11	5	7	10	2	74	13	80
2022	Student	26	40	15	10	6	3	0	69	16	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	42	14	9	6	1	0	71	15	7390
2020	Term	55	26	10	5	2	2	1	83	7	267
2020	Casual	48	28	10	3	0	10	0	85	4	107
2020	Student	33	37	10	13	6	2	1	71	19	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	41	16	10	7	1	0	66	18	6494
2019	Term	40	35	14	6	1	3	1	78	8	205
2019	Student	28	33	19	11	3	5	1	65	15	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	41	18	11	7	1	0	64	18	5854
2018	Term	25	37	21	7	3	6	1	66	11	128
2018	Casual	32	31	14	8	6	7	1	69	15	81
2018	Student	31	33	18	6	6	4	1	68	13	162

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	25	36	21	7	6665
2022	Term	15	31	29	21	4	315
2022	Casual	22	23	38	17	0	80
2022	Student	10	21	36	25	8	100

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	40	28	13	7	8	4	1	71	15	6675
2022	Term	61	21	10	2	2	2	2	85	5	315
2022	Casual	54	19	7	0	1	14	5	90	2	80
2022	Student	61	14	12	1	2	9	1	83	4	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	37	29	15	7	8	3	1	69	16	7354
2020	Term	59	20	12	3	1	3	1	83	4	267
2020	Casual	56	25	12	0	1	5	2	86	1	107
2020	Student	51	23	11	6	4	6	0	79	10	104

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	34	26	9	12	17	1	0	61	30	6670
2022	Term	54	18	12	8	7	0	1	73	15	315
2022	Casual	45	23	12	7	4	6	2	74	12	80
2022	Student	37	25	10	14	9	5	0	65	24	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	30	27	12	14	16	1	0	58	30	7373
2020	Term	50	20	10	14	4	1	1	71	18	269
2020	Casual	47	31	9	9	2	3	0	80	11	106
2020	Student	38	16	15	16	13	1	0	55	29	104

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	30	15	18	19	2	0	46	38	6660
2022	Term	38	35	14	5	4	3	0	76	10	315
2022	Casual	52	20	16	1	5	3	2	76	7	80
2022	Student	38	32	10	12	4	5	1	73	17	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	30	17	15	14	1	0	53	29	7389
2020	Term	52	26	11	7	2	1	0	80	9	267
2020	Casual	54	29	13	2	0	2	0	84	2	106
2020	Student	41	26	11	8	8	6	1	71	16	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	30	18	19	19	1	0	44	38	6520
2019	Term	36	32	14	12	2	1	1	70	15	204
2019	Student	29	28	23	10	7	2	1	59	18	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	28	18	20	20	1	0	41	41	5858
2018	Term	27	32	16	15	6	2	1	61	22	128
2018	Casual	27	37	18	9	7	2	0	65	17	81
2018	Student	31	30	20	11	6	2	0	63	17	161

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	46	14	17	8	1	0	61	25	1545
2022	Term	8	50	15	15	6	0	7	62	22	10
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	49	15	12	4	1	0	69	16	1618
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	46	12	15	6	0	1	66	21	1355

Work-related stress

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	30	29	17	9	13	0	2	61	22	6620
2022	Term	25	19	22	14	17	0	3	45	32	315
2022	Casual	33	34	10	8	14	0	1	68	23	80
2022	Student	31	23	19	9	18	0	0	54	28	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	30	28	21	11	10	0	1	58	21	7382
2020	Term	36	28	16	11	7	0	1	65	19	266
2020	Casual	34	27	20	11	8	0	0	61	19	106
2020	Student	19	22	23	22	13	1	0	42	35	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	25	26	20	12	17	0	1	51	29	6521
2019	Term	26	21	18	17	16	1	1	48	34	204
2019	Student	28	25	16	13	17	0	0	54	30	355
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	26	21	13	16	0	1	51	29	5856
2018	Term	21	31	20	11	15	1	1	53	27	128
2018	Casual	21	23	24	15	14	0	3	46	30	81
2018	Student	27	26	20	12	14	0	0	53	27	161

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	28	24	14	15	0	1	46	30	6630
2022	Term	32	30	21	11	5	0	1	62	16	315
2022	Casual	48	28	13	6	0	1	4	80	7	80
2022	Student	48	34	7	5	6	0	0	82	11	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	27	25	15	11	0	0	49	26	7393
2020	Term	38	30	18	10	4	0	1	69	14	269
2020	Casual	55	28	9	4	3	0	0	83	7	106
2020	Student	40	36	15	4	2	0	3	78	6	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	28	25	15	13	0	1	46	29	6514
2019	Term	45	22	19	9	5	1	0	67	14	205
2019	Student	49	26	16	5	3	0	1	75	8	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	27	27	17	13	0	0	42	31	5849
2018	Term	36	28	21	8	6	1	0	65	14	128
2018	Casual	39	26	24	8	1	0	1	66	10	81
2018	Student	40	36	14	7	2	0	1	77	9	161

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	26	29	20	11	10	1	4	58	21	6625
2022	Term	46	24	18	7	3	0	2	71	10	315
2022	Casual	60	21	11	3	0	1	4	86	3	80
2022	Student	71	13	7	3	5	0	1	85	8	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	30	30	20	11	8	0	2	61	19	7367
2020	Term	51	28	14	6	1	0	1	79	7	269
2020	Casual	56	28	12	2	1	0	1	85	4	105
2020	Student	61	23	7	1	1	1	7	91	2	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	26	30	21	12	8	0	2	57	21	6472
2019	Term	50	25	14	4	4	2	1	77	9	203
2019	Student	64	21	7	2	1	0	5	89	3	351
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	30	23	13	10	0	2	53	23	5798
2018	Term	45	23	16	5	6	1	4	71	12	127
2018	Casual	51	26	17	4	1	0	1	78	5	79
2018	Student	62	18	9	5	0	0	7	85	5	159

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	18	21	19	29	1	1	30	48	6645
2022	Term	35	21	19	12	8	1	2	58	21	315
2022	Casual	55	14	16	7	5	0	3	71	13	80
2022	Student	55	19	11	7	7	0	0	74	15	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	24	21	17	15	1	1	46	33	7364
2020	Term	39	26	18	8	8	0	2	66	16	268
2020	Casual	52	23	15	6	3	1	0	76	9	104
2020	Student	48	23	14	6	7	0	2	73	13	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	19	21	20	28	0	1	31	48	6496
2019	Term	37	25	17	11	8	1	1	63	19	205
2019	Student	49	21	13	6	8	0	1	72	15	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	10	16	23	21	29	0	1	26	51	5839
2018	Term	37	20	20	8	12	2	1	58	21	126
2018	Casual	38	17	25	9	9	0	1	56	19	81
2018	Student	41	21	18	10	9	1	1	63	19	160

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	38	25	15	8	8	1	5	68	17	6640
2022	Term	64	16	8	4	1	0	7	87	5	315
2022	Casual	73	13	3	1	1	2	8	95	2	80
2022	Student	80	9	5	3	2	0	1	89	5	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	47	25	13	7	5	0	3	75	12	7356
2020	Term	67	17	9	2	1	0	4	87	3	269
2020	Casual	74	15	7	3	0	1	1	91	3	105
2020	Student	71	20	2	0	1	1	5	97	1	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	41	25	15	8	7	0	4	69	15	6491
2019	Term	68	17	5	4	2	0	6	89	6	203
2019	Student	69	15	8	2	3	0	3	87	4	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	38	25	16	8	7	0	6	67	15	5835
2018	Term	60	17	9	5	2	1	5	82	8	128
2018	Casual	65	19	9	1	3	0	3	86	4	80
2018	Student	65	17	7	4	1	0	6	87	6	161

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	26	21	13	18	0	1	48	31	6650
2022	Term	50	22	14	6	5	0	2	74	12	315
2022	Casual	57	23	15	2	2	0	1	80	4	80
2022	Student	44	20	22	8	6	0	0	65	14	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	26	22	14	14	0	1	50	27	7378
2020	Term	44	30	16	6	3	0	1	75	9	267
2020	Casual	59	22	12	4	2	0	1	82	6	106
2020	Student	44	21	24	8	3	0	1	65	11	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	26	22	12	16	0	1	49	29	6509
2019	Term	48	25	16	6	5	0	1	74	10	205
2019	Student	47	24	17	6	6	0	0	72	12	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	24	23	15	17	0	1	44	33	5837
2018	Term	44	21	18	8	5	2	3	68	13	127
2018	Casual	41	33	15	6	3	0	2	75	10	79
2018	Student	39	32	17	7	3	0	2	72	11	161

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	28	21	13	14	1	1	51	28	6640
2022	Term	46	28	12	7	3	1	3	77	11	315
2022	Casual	62	24	5	3	3	0	3	89	6	80
2022	Student	58	22	8	7	2	2	1	82	9	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	25	30	22	12	9	1	1	57	21	7349
2020	Term	53	25	13	6	1	1	2	80	7	267
2020	Casual	63	18	9	2	4	0	5	85	6	104
2020	Student	60	14	13	3	6	0	4	77	9	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	32	24	13	10	1	1	53	23	6493
2019	Term	43	29	18	6	1	1	1	74	7	204
2019	Student	49	24	13	6	5	1	1	75	12	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	15	31	27	15	11	0	1	47	26	5846
2018	Term	41	26	14	12	2	1	3	70	15	129
2018	Casual	35	29	29	3	1	0	3	65	4	81
2018	Student	48	22	19	4	2	2	3	73	7	161

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	27	21	15	17	1	1	45	33	6645
2022	Term	36	23	23	11	4	1	1	61	16	310
2022	Casual	50	24	15	4	1	2	3	78	5	80
2022	Student	58	16	13	10	1	1	0	76	11	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	28	24	15	12	0	1	49	27	7355
2020	Term	39	35	15	8	1	2	1	76	9	268
2020	Casual	53	31	9	4	1	0	2	86	5	106
2020	Student	50	23	14	5	6	0	2	75	11	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	16	28	24	17	13	1	1	45	31	6497
2019	Term	43	28	16	10	1	0	1	73	11	202
2019	Student	52	22	14	6	4	1	1	75	11	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	26	26	19	15	0	1	40	34	5845
2018	Term	34	25	15	14	5	1	4	63	21	129
2018	Casual	36	34	21	4	4	0	1	71	8	81
2018	Student	43	28	18	4	3	1	4	75	7	160

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	27	20	13	15	1	1	51	29	6655
2022	Term	38	26	17	11	6	1	2	65	17	315
2022	Casual	50	27	12	6	3	0	2	79	9	80
2022	Student	41	21	15	11	12	1	0	62	23	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	25	29	21	13	11	0	1	55	24	7355
2020	Term	45	25	17	8	3	1	1	72	11	268
2020	Casual	54	20	15	7	2	0	1	75	10	106
2020	Student	47	20	19	4	9	0	1	68	13	103
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	28	22	14	12	0	1	51	27	6486
2019	Term	41	23	21	11	3	1	1	65	14	204
2019	Student	38	26	19	9	8	1	0	65	16	355
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	18	27	24	16	14	0	1	46	30	5837
2018	Term	37	26	17	11	7	2	1	64	18	129
2018	Casual	30	23	32	8	6	0	1	53	14	81
2018	Student	37	26	21	12	2	0	2	64	15	161

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	30	23	17	10	18	1	1	54	29	6635
2022	Term	51	22	12	7	5	1	3	76	12	315
2022	Casual	70	14	4	4	5	0	3	87	9	80
2022	Student	55	22	8	7	7	1	0	78	14	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	34	26	16	11	12	0	1	60	24	7355
2020	Term	53	23	14	4	3	0	2	78	7	263
2020	Casual	67	11	10	2	7	0	2	80	10	106
2020	Student	59	18	11	5	7	0	1	78	12	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	26	18	13	13	0	1	55	27	6476
2019	Term	56	22	9	8	4	0	2	79	13	204
2019	Student	48	23	14	8	7	1	0	71	15	353

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	45	26	14	6	7	1	1	72	14	6650
2022	Term	54	22	13	5	4	0	2	78	9	310
2022	Casual	63	19	10	3	2	0	2	85	5	80
2022	Student	44	25	18	9	5	0	0	69	13	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	30	30	21	10	7	0	1	61	18	7359
2020	Term	37	25	21	9	6	0	1	63	16	265
2020	Casual	53	22	14	4	4	0	3	77	8	107
2020	Student	33	29	22	10	4	0	2	63	15	105

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	24	27	22	13	12	1	1	53	25	6645
2022	Term	39	31	17	8	5	0	1	70	13	315
2022	Casual	51	28	10	4	4	0	3	82	8	80
2022	Student	50	32	10	5	3	1	0	83	7	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	21	29	22	14	13	0	1	51	27	7358
2020	Term	39	32	17	7	4	0	1	72	11	267
2020	Casual	46	30	15	4	2	0	2	78	6	105
2020	Student	43	27	16	8	3	1	2	72	11	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	23	29	22	14	11	0	1	53	25	6470
2019	Term	48	27	13	6	4	0	2	76	10	201
2019	Student	53	26	13	4	3	1	1	80	7	353
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	20	28	23	15	12	0	1	49	27	5818
2018	Term	40	32	15	9	2	1	2	73	11	126
2018	Casual	36	30	21	8	4	0	1	66	13	81
2018	Student	46	34	11	6	1	0	2	82	7	161

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	38	24	16	8	11	1	2	64	20	6640
2022	Term	61	16	8	6	4	1	4	81	11	315
2022	Casual	70	17	8	1	1	1	2	90	2	80
2022	Student	71	12	7	4	0	0	6	89	4	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	43	27	16	7	6	0	1	71	13	7325
2020	Term	57	19	13	6	2	0	2	78	9	268
2020	Casual	63	20	10	1	6	0	1	83	7	106
2020	Student	60	18	12	5	3	1	1	80	8	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	39	26	17	9	8	0	1	66	17	6468
2019	Term	66	16	9	5	1	0	3	84	6	203
2019	Student	69	17	6	4	3	1	1	87	6	349
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	40	26	17	9	7	0	1	67	16	5811
2018	Term	59	21	8	6	2	1	4	83	8	129
2018	Casual	55	26	14	3	1	0	1	82	3	81
2018	Student	63	25	6	3	1	0	2	90	4	161

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	36	30	16	8	9	1	67	17	6650
2022	Term	55	26	11	3	3	2	82	7	315
2022	Casual	64	21	10	2	1	1	86	4	80
2022	Student	56	25	9	8	3	0	81	10	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	32	33	20	9	6	1	66	15	7340
2020	Term	46	25	20	6	2	1	71	9	268
2020	Casual	50	27	14	4	4	1	77	8	106
2020	Student	47	33	12	5	2	1	81	7	105

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	59	15	7	4	6	1	8	81	11	6655
2022	Term	69	15	6	1	2	0	7	90	4	315
2022	Casual	79	7	7	0	1	0	6	92	1	80
2022	Student	81	7	2	0	1	0	9	97	1	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	62	17	8	3	4	1	5	84	8	7342
2020	Term	74	15	5	2	2	0	3	92	3	266
2020	Casual	74	17	5	0	0	0	4	95	0	107
2020	Student	77	12	5	1	1	0	4	93	2	102
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	60	15	8	4	6	1	6	81	10	6478
2019	Term	77	8	4	2	1	2	6	93	3	203
2019	Student	78	10	3	2	1	1	5	94	3	352
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	56	18	10	5	6	1	4	77	12	5820
2018	Term	71	13	7	1	0	1	7	92	1	129
2018	Casual	61	16	11	4	1	1	5	83	6	81
2018	Student	72	15	4	2	0	1	5	93	2	159

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	58	15	8	5	9	2	4	77	14	6655
2022	Term	78	8	4	4	2	1	3	90	6	315
2022	Casual	78	9	1	1	3	0	8	95	4	80
2022	Student	83	6	5	3	4	0	0	89	6	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	66	14	7	5	6	1	2	82	11	7335
2020	Term	83	8	2	2	2	0	3	93	5	268
2020	Casual	77	8	3	3	3	0	5	91	6	106
2020	Student	81	4	5	2	3	1	5	90	5	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	57	17	9	6	8	1	2	76	14	6502
2019	Term	78	7	4	5	2	0	4	88	7	204
2019	Student	77	10	5	2	3	1	3	90	5	355
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	52	18	11	7	8	1	3	73	15	5839
2018	Term	71	13	4	2	2	3	5	91	4	129
2018	Casual	76	10	8	0	1	1	3	90	2	81
2018	Student	75	11	4	2	4	1	2	89	6	159

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	54	25	10	4	4	0	2	82	8	6650
2022	Term	72	14	4	6	2	0	3	88	7	315
2022	Casual	85	6	3	0	1	0	4	96	1	80
2022	Student	74	13	6	2	5	0	0	87	7	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	57	25	10	4	3	0	2	83	7	7324
2020	Term	74	13	7	3	0	0	2	89	4	268
2020	Casual	79	8	7	2	1	0	4	90	3	107
2020	Student	76	9	5	4	3	0	4	88	7	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	45	31	13	5	4	0	1	77	10	6489
2019	Term	65	20	10	2	2	0	1	86	4	203
2019	Student	62	19	11	3	3	1	1	82	6	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	42	33	14	6	4	0	1	75	10	5840
2018	Term	57	26	11	2	2	0	2	84	4	129
2018	Casual	65	20	11	1	1	0	1	86	3	79
2018	Student	61	21	9	5	2	0	1	84	8	161

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	49	20	11	7	11	1	2	71	18	6650
2022	Term	75	11	4	5	3	0	2	88	8	315
2022	Casual	82	7	4	0	2	0	4	93	3	80
2022	Student	82	9	3	1	6	0	0	91	7	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	55	19	10	7	8	0	1	75	15	7346
2020	Term	77	11	5	4	1	0	2	90	5	269
2020	Casual	85	7	2	1	1	0	4	96	2	107
2020	Student	80	6	1	5	5	0	4	89	10	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	47	22	13	8	9	0	1	70	16	6459
2019	Term	69	13	10	4	3	0	1	83	7	204
2019	Student	70	13	8	3	4	1	1	85	7	353
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	39	25	16	10	10	0	1	64	20	5817
2018	Term	65	20	8	2	2	0	4	88	4	129
2018	Casual	64	11	17	6	1	0	1	77	6	79
2018	Student	68	18	6	4	3	1	1	88	6	160

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	55	11	4	2	2	0	26	89	5	6640
2022	Term	73	4	2	2	0	0	18	94	3	315
2022	Casual	70	2	2	0	1	0	25	96	2	80
2022	Student	84	3	2	0	3	0	8	95	3	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	57	11	5	2	1	0	24	89	4	7360
2020	Term	73	4	1	2	0	0	19	96	2	268
2020	Casual	74	3	1	0	1	0	21	98	1	107
2020	Student	77	2	0	1	0	0	20	99	1	103
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	52	11	7	2	2	0	26	86	5	6445
2019	Term	76	3	1	1	1	0	19	97	2	203
2019	Student	72	3	1	0	0	1	22	99	0	351
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	47	12	6	2	2	0	30	85	6	5785
2018	Term	66	7	1	1	0	0	24	96	2	128
2018	Casual	65	5	5	0	0	0	24	93	0	79
2018	Student	65	6	1	0	1	0	26	97	1	159

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	56	21	10	4	4	1	5	82	8	6635
2022	Term	77	12	6	1	1	0	3	92	2	315
2022	Casual	83	5	1	0	1	0	10	97	2	75
2022	Student	81	7	4	3	3	0	2	90	6	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	59	22	10	4	3	0	3	83	6	7388
2020	Term	79	13	3	2	0	0	4	95	2	269
2020	Casual	80	7	3	1	0	1	7	96	1	107
2020	Student	78	9	5	2	3	0	4	90	5	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	56	23	10	4	3	0	4	83	7	6475
2019	Term	75	12	4	1	0	0	7	94	1	202
2019	Student	75	10	6	3	1	1	5	90	4	353
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	52	25	12	4	3	0	4	81	7	5806
2018	Term	70	15	4	1	0	0	9	94	1	125
2018	Casual	70	9	10	6	0	0	5	83	6	77
2018	Student	72	11	6	3	3	0	6	88	5	159

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	73	13	4	2	3	1	5	91	5	6660
2022	Term	43	12	14	8	19	0	3	57	28	315
2022	Casual	50	13	12	7	13	0	4	66	21	80
2022	Student	58	13	12	1	12	2	1	73	14	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	72	16	5	2	2	0	2	91	4	7384
2020	Term	32	20	18	15	13	0	1	53	29	268
2020	Casual	38	19	16	6	14	1	6	61	21	107
2020	Student	45	22	13	7	11	0	2	68	18	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	73	14	5	2	2	0	3	90	5	6501
2019	Term	31	18	17	14	19	0	1	50	33	204
2019	Student	57	15	12	6	8	1	3	74	14	355
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	69	17	6	2	3	0	3	89	5	5830
2018	Term	29	18	18	12	21	1	2	48	34	128
2018	Casual	37	16	19	12	12	1	2	56	25	79
2018	Student	58	15	7	9	6	0	5	76	16	161

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	48	27	13	5	4	1	3	78	9	6660
2022	Term	59	22	8	4	2	0	4	85	7	315
2022	Casual	66	15	13	2	0	0	4	85	2	80
2022	Student	46	27	14	9	3	1	0	74	12	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	44	31	15	5	4	0	1	75	9	7392
2020	Term	54	28	9	3	3	0	3	84	7	267
2020	Casual	62	22	10	0	2	1	2	87	2	105
2020	Student	47	27	17	7	0	0	2	75	7	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	50	28	13	4	3	0	2	80	7	6480
2019	Term	58	21	10	6	1	0	3	82	8	202
2019	Student	59	24	9	4	2	1	1	85	5	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	45	30	15	5	3	0	2	77	8	5828
2018	Term	57	20	13	4	3	0	3	80	7	127
2018	Casual	53	22	17	3	3	0	2	77	6	79
2018	Student	56	24	12	3	1	1	3	83	5	160

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	27	38	17	9	0	0	35	27	6670
2022	Term	15	39	35	6	4	0	0	55	11	315
2022	Casual	25	47	21	5	1	0	1	72	6	80
2022	Student	18	52	24	2	3	0	1	71	5	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	31	35	15	7	0	0	43	23	7382
2020	Term	24	36	30	7	2	0	0	60	10	269
2020	Casual	39	39	18	2	0	1	0	79	2	107
2020	Student	23	48	17	11	1	0	0	70	12	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	12	30	36	16	7	0	0	42	22	6519
2019	Term	21	42	27	8	2	0	0	63	9	205
2019	Student	32	40	21	6	2	0	0	72	8	354
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	9	28	38	17	7	0	0	37	24	5884
2018	Term	26	28	35	8	3	1	0	55	10	128
2018	Casual	20	47	25	4	3	0	0	68	7	80
2018	Student	24	45	23	7	1	0	1	69	8	161

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	23	38	16	8	0	0	24	37	6650
2022	Term	7	11	39	24	19	0	0	43	18	315
2022	Casual	3	10	28	20	33	1	4	56	14	80
2022	Student	7	11	34	23	22	1	1	46	19	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	20	38	20	7	0	0	27	35	7345
2020	Term	6	10	35	28	20	0	0	49	17	266
2020	Casual	3	4	28	35	30	1	0	65	6	105
2020	Student	1	16	28	34	21	0	0	55	17	105
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	13	22	39	19	7	0	0	26	35	6475
2019	Term	4	10	29	34	22	1	0	56	14	204
2019	Student	8	11	33	26	21	0	0	48	19	353
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	14	23	39	17	7	0	0	24	37	5803
2018	Term	4	13	35	22	25	0	0	47	18	128
2018	Casual	7	13	32	23	25	0	0	48	20	81
2018	Student	8	16	25	33	17	0	1	51	24	161

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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	22	56	21	1	6670
2022	Term	31	48	18	3	315
2022	Casual	23	44	25	8	80
2022	Student	41	31	21	6	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	29	45	25	1	7404
2020	Term	28	48	21	4	269
2020	Casual	37	33	22	8	107
2020	Student	50	24	25	1	105

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	49	51	1430
2022	Term	62	38	100
2022	Casual	67	33	20
2022	Student	53	47	45
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	52	48	2207
2020	Term	67	33	73
2020	Casual	56	44	36
2020	Student	62	38	53

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	40	16	11	6	6	5	17	72	14	6665
2022	Term	39	10	8	3	5	9	27	76	12	315
2022	Casual	32	10	4	1	2	16	35	86	5	80
2022	Student	47	11	4	3	1	11	22	87	6	100
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	42	18	13	8	7	2	9	68	17	7379
2020	Term	53	10	11	3	3	3	17	78	8	268
2020	Casual	45	13	4	1	6	5	25	84	11	107
2020	Student	34	16	10	7	6	7	21	69	17	104
2019	Indeterminate (permanent)	45	16	13	8	11	1	7	65	21	6436
2019	Term	45	18	13	8	5	1	10	71	15	198
2019	Student	49	12	9	4	6	3	17	76	12	352
2018	Indeterminate (permanent)	48	14	11	8	10	1	8	68	20	5844
2018	Term	54	13	6	8	5	3	12	79	15	128
2018	Casual	48	14	10	3	4	1	18	78	9	80
2018	Student	48	11	9	4	2	4	22	78	9	161

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	6	17	14	20	38	2	4	24	62	1425
2022	Term	18	25	12	17	24	2	1	45	43	100
2022	Casual	31	21	9	30	9	0	0	52	39	20
2022	Student	15	24	16	19	19	4	3	42	41	45
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	8	21	16	22	29	1	3	30	53	2207
2020	Term	24	23	15	10	24	2	2	49	35	73
2020	Casual	20	21	10	25	17	3	5	45	45	36
2020	Student	9	21	17	26	25	0	2	31	52	53

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indeterminate (permanent)	5	16	14	17	39	2	8	23	62	1425
2022	Term	10	22	21	20	26	1	1	32	46	100
2022	Casual	11	30	0	9	26	19	5	54	46	20
2022	Student	14	26	9	18	26	2	4	43	47	45
2020	Indeterminate (permanent)	7	18	15	20	32	1	8	27	56	2204
2020	Term	25	17	13	15	25	0	6	44	42	73
2020	Casual	22	16	13	21	25	3	0	39	48	36
2020	Student	6	13	21	31	25	2	2	20	58	52

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Canada Border Services Agency by Question 104. What is your current employee status?

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources