2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Public Health Agency of Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Employee engagement
- Employee engagement
Leadership
- Immediate supervisor
- Senior management
Workforce
Workplace
Workplace well-being
Compensation
- Pay or other compensation issues
- Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

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Employee engagement

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	43	7	10	6	77	16	65
2022	First Nations	49	23	4	20	4	72	24	20
2022	Métis	32	47	9	5	7	79	12	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	40	10	9	4	77	12	2075
2020	Indigenous	40	42	9	8	3	81	10	53
2020	Métis	38	42	12	5	4	80	8	37
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	41	9	6	4	81	11	1395
2019	Indigenous	31	38	22	9	0	69	9	53
2019	Métis	26	42	24	8	0	68	8	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	38	11	8	5	76	14	1423
2018	Indigenous	37	30	16	17	0	67	17	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	42	12	9	5	74	14	1121

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	35	14	8	12	66	20	65
2022	First Nations	42	13	17	19	8	56	28	20
2022	Métis	28	44	13	2	13	72	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	36	10	9	6	75	16	2075
2020	Indigenous	28	30	17	17	8	57	26	54
2020	Métis	25	26	24	14	11	51	25	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	37	10	9	6	74	15	1401
2019	Indigenous	17	38	23	13	9	55	22	53
2019	Métis	11	36	27	13	13	47	25	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	35	11	10	6	72	17	1419
2018	Indigenous	31	33	14	10	12	65	22	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	35	12	12	8	67	21	1126

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	28	9	9	7	75	16	65
2022	First Nations	59	24	4	13	0	83	13	20
2022	Métis	44	33	9	5	9	76	14	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	36	10	4	2	85	6	2075
2020	Indigenous	42	44	14	0	0	86	0	53
2020	Métis	38	45	17	0	0	83	0	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	32	7	4	2	88	6	1390
2019	Indigenous	45	40	14	0	2	84	2	53
2019	Métis	36	50	11	0	3	86	3	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	32	10	4	2	84	6	1409
2018	Indigenous	48	35	14	3	0	84	3	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	36	10	4	2	84	6	1116

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	40	11	6	9	73	15	65
2022	First Nations	46	26	8	12	8	72	20	20
2022	Métis	29	48	10	4	9	77	13	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	38	10	7	3	80	10	2075
2020	Indigenous	43	34	20	3	0	77	3	54
2020	Métis	40	36	19	4	0	76	4	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	37	10	6	3	82	8	1402
2019	Indigenous	34	41	20	3	2	75	5	53
2019	Métis	30	40	23	5	3	70	8	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	38	9	7	4	80	11	1425
2018	Indigenous	30	48	15	2	5	78	7	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	38	12	9	3	76	12	1125

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	39	16	13	5	0	66	18	65
2022	First Nations	34	26	13	24	4	0	60	27	20
2022	Métis	27	43	16	8	6	0	70	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	30	14	12	6	0	69	18	2075
2020	Indigenous	33	32	18	15	3	0	64	18	53
2020	Métis	30	31	14	21	4	0	61	25	37
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	31	13	8	5	1	73	14	1392
2019	Indigenous	25	42	12	8	12	2	68	20	52
2019	Métis	20	40	20	7	13	0	60	20	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	32	15	7	6	0	72	13	1422
2018	Indigenous	28	26	24	10	11	0	54	22	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	33	16	10	7	0	66	17	1124

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	31	19	13	8	60	21	65
2022	First Nations	34	27	9	18	12	61	30	20
2022	Métis	27	33	19	12	8	60	21	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	33	13	12	6	69	18	2075
2020	Indigenous	32	31	17	14	6	63	20	53
2020	Métis	29	27	16	19	8	56	28	37
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	32	14	8	5	73	13	1390
2019	Indigenous	28	34	20	10	9	62	19	53
2019	Métis	26	33	23	10	8	59	18	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	34	13	9	6	72	15	1416
2018	Indigenous	26	38	22	1	14	63	15	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	35	15	12	6	66	18	1120

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	24	13	18	13	3	0	54	32	65
2022	First Nations	33	22	19	0	17	9	0	60	19	20
2022	Métis	32	24	11	23	10	0	0	55	34	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	22	17	12	9	5	0	60	23	2075
2020	Indigenous	30	15	19	22	10	2	2	46	33	53
2020	Métis	28	12	23	26	8	0	2	41	36	37
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	25	18	10	6	3	1	65	16	1395
2019	Indigenous	27	20	22	18	14	0	0	47	31	53
2019	Métis	26	13	31	18	12	0	0	39	31	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	25	17	12	7	2	1	63	20	1424
2018	Indigenous	26	20	17	16	19	2	0	47	36	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	25	18	14	10	3	1	57	24	1122

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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	27	2	9	8	1	2	82	17	65
2022	First Nations	73	12	5	10	0	0	0	85	10	20
2022	Métis	45	32	0	8	10	2	2	81	19	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	28	10	4	2	1	3	83	7	2075
2020	Indigenous	40	20	15	12	6	4	3	64	20	54
2020	Métis	37	23	16	8	9	4	2	64	18	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	24	11	4	3	1	2	81	8	1400
2019	Indigenous	40	25	20	3	4	0	7	71	8	53
2019	Métis	34	30	23	5	4	0	4	67	9	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	24	9	5	3	1	2	83	8	1421

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	32	11	8	12	0	2	68	21	65
2022	First Nations	42	25	14	14	4	0	0	67	19	20
2022	Métis	34	38	7	4	15	0	2	73	20	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	29	9	8	4	1	1	79	12	2075
2020	Indigenous	25	33	12	15	15	0	0	58	30	54
2020	Métis	15	39	11	16	18	0	0	54	35	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	30	9	7	6	1	1	78	14	1400
2019	Indigenous	41	21	13	11	13	0	0	63	24	52
2019	Métis	34	20	17	10	19	0	0	54	29	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	28	10	7	5	0	1	78	12	1417
2018	Indigenous	38	36	8	4	13	0	0	74	18	41
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	30	9	9	5	0	0	77	14	1112

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	20	7	7	15	0	71	22	65
2022	First Nations	50	17	15	14	4	0	67	18	20
2022	Métis	53	20	3	5	19	0	73	24	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	24	9	6	4	0	81	10	2075
2020	Indigenous	30	36	11	12	9	2	67	22	54
2020	Métis	26	37	7	15	13	2	64	28	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	26	8	6	5	1	80	12	1401
2019	Indigenous	45	24	16	6	8	0	69	15	53
2019	Métis	39	23	22	4	11	0	63	15	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	27	8	7	4	0	80	11	1424
2018	Indigenous	48	26	8	8	10	0	74	18	41
2018	Non-Indigenous	50	27	10	7	6	0	76	14	1117

Senior management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	26	15	6	8	9	68	15	65
2022	First Nations	45	19	13	4	8	11	72	13	20
2022	Métis	34	27	16	6	9	8	66	17	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	29	12	7	5	8	75	13	2075
2020	Indigenous	39	27	13	4	7	9	73	13	54
2020	Métis	33	31	12	6	10	8	69	18	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	29	12	7	5	8	73	14	1403
2019	Indigenous	32	25	18	9	6	10	63	17	53
2019	Métis	27	24	23	8	10	8	56	19	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	31	12	9	5	6	71	15	1423
2018	Indigenous	24	35	12	16	11	2	60	28	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	32	18	10	8	5	63	18	1123

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	29	23	9	9	3	57	19	65
2022	First Nations	42	13	20	14	12	0	55	26	20
2022	Métis	24	31	25	7	8	5	58	16	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	31	14	12	8	3	65	21	2075
2020	Indigenous	43	20	19	7	10	2	63	17	54
2020	Métis	37	23	16	10	14	0	60	24	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	34	12	9	7	3	71	17	1395
2019	Indigenous	30	37	14	8	11	0	67	19	52
2019	Métis	26	38	15	10	10	0	64	20	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	32	16	10	7	2	67	17	1419
2018	Indigenous	23	39	19	8	11	0	62	19	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	33	16	14	10	2	59	25	1121

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	26	14	17	12	9	0	52	32	65
2022	First Nations	36	14	13	14	12	11	0	57	29	20
2022	Métis	20	29	16	16	11	8	0	53	30	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	28	16	16	11	5	0	55	28	2075
2020	Indigenous	22	29	20	14	8	7	0	55	24	54
2020	Métis	24	24	15	19	12	6	0	52	32	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	34	17	12	7	5	0	62	20	1397
2019	Indigenous	17	31	21	15	12	4	0	50	28	53
2019	Métis	20	20	27	24	9	0	0	40	33	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	32	17	15	8	5	0	57	25	1416
2018	Indigenous	12	30	24	16	15	2	0	43	32	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	30	18	20	11	4	1	49	32	1118

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	29	9	21	14	9	0	53	37	65
2022	First Nations	28	29	8	14	12	9	0	63	28	20
2022	Métis	18	27	10	21	15	8	0	49	40	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	28	15	18	14	3	0	51	33	2075
2020	Indigenous	20	26	11	23	20	0	0	46	43	54
2020	Métis	19	16	7	30	28	0	0	35	58	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	31	16	18	12	3	0	52	31	1401
2019	Indigenous	13	28	16	29	11	2	0	42	41	51
2019	Métis	12	16	21	36	10	4	0	29	49	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	34	16	18	10	3	0	54	29	1422
2018	Indigenous	10	31	12	19	26	2	0	42	46	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	31	17	19	15	3	1	48	35	1123

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Workforce

Performance management

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	29	19	14	6	0	60	20	65
2022	First Nations	45	18	22	6	8	0	63	15	20
2022	Métis	29	30	19	16	5	0	59	22	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	35	9	11	6	0	73	17	2075
2020	Indigenous	22	36	12	22	6	2	59	29	54
2020	Métis	21	37	13	21	8	0	58	29	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	36	11	9	7	0	73	16	1402
2019	Indigenous	31	34	20	2	14	0	65	16	53
2019	Métis	18	37	26	2	17	0	55	19	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	35	12	13	6	0	70	18	1422
2018	Indigenous	29	31	17	17	7	0	60	23	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	32	16	13	9	0	61	22	1125

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	41	9	18	8	66	26	65
2022	First Nations	32	29	9	26	4	61	30	20
2022	Métis	22	46	10	12	9	69	21	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	42	8	13	5	74	18	2075
2020	Indigenous	31	22	17	21	10	53	30	54
2020	Métis	29	22	10	27	11	52	38	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	40	11	12	5	71	17	1395
2019	Indigenous	15	46	13	15	11	61	26	53
2019	Métis	15	38	14	17	15	54	32	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	40	9	12	5	75	16	1417
2018	Indigenous	26	39	14	12	9	65	21	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	42	11	12	5	72	17	1122

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	39	6	10	8	0	0	76	18	65
2022	First Nations	49	28	9	6	8	0	0	76	15	20
2022	Métis	34	43	6	10	7	0	0	76	17	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	32	9	7	5	1	0	79	12	2075
2020	Indigenous	36	22	20	8	15	0	0	58	22	54
2020	Métis	28	28	17	8	18	0	0	56	27	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	30	11	8	6	0	1	75	14	1397
2019	Indigenous	39	34	7	8	12	0	0	73	20	52
2019	Métis	31	33	12	11	13	0	0	64	24	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	30	11	8	5	0	0	76	13	1421
2018	Indigenous	37	29	14	8	13	0	0	66	21	41
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	32	11	8	6	0	0	75	14	1114

Job fit and development

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	40	11	16	7	2	66	23	65
2022	First Nations	19	42	17	15	0	6	65	17	20
2022	Métis	24	40	8	18	9	0	64	27	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	40	11	12	5	1	72	17	2070
2020	Indigenous	37	23	15	23	2	0	61	24	54
2020	Métis	39	28	14	19	0	0	67	19	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	41	12	10	4	1	73	14	1394
2019	Indigenous	25	39	13	19	5	0	64	23	53
2019	Métis	26	39	13	18	5	0	64	23	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	39	10	10	4	0	76	14	1418
2018	Indigenous	23	44	7	17	10	0	67	26	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	41	10	14	4	1	71	19	1127

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	25	10	4	12	1	0	74	16	65
2022	First Nations	56	22	8	6	8	0	0	77	15	20
2022	Métis	46	26	11	2	13	1	0	73	16	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	24	9	5	4	2	1	82	9	2070
2020	Indigenous	38	25	19	3	11	3	2	66	15	54
2020	Métis	26	32	20	4	13	2	2	61	18	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	23	11	5	6	2	2	77	11	1397

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	21	16	21	13	3	0	48	35	65
2022	First Nations	34	20	16	26	4	0	0	54	30	20
2022	Métis	23	20	20	17	16	4	0	45	34	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	35	15	13	8	3	0	61	23	2075
2020	Indigenous	23	18	15	23	14	7	0	44	40	54
2020	Métis	17	23	14	22	15	10	0	44	41	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	35	14	14	9	3	1	61	24	1398
2019	Indigenous	15	20	20	23	20	2	0	35	44	52
2019	Métis	17	10	18	25	26	4	0	28	53	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	32	15	15	11	2	0	58	27	1421
2018	Indigenous	15	39	10	20	16	0	0	54	37	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	31	18	17	14	3	0	50	31	1122

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	34	9	10	3	3	2	76	14	65
2022	First Nations	36	47	8	4	0	5	0	87	4	20
2022	Métis	37	31	11	13	4	2	2	70	18	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	26	15	6	6	1	4	73	12	2075
2020	Indigenous	30	37	18	6	6	0	3	69	12	54
2020	Métis	29	32	21	6	8	0	5	64	14	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	25	15	8	8	0	2	69	16	1403
2019	Indigenous	53	23	13	10	2	0	0	76	11	53
2019	Métis	56	18	14	9	2	0	0	74	11	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	25	15	5	3	1	3	76	9	1419

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	12	16	16	5	3	1	61	22	65
2022	First Nations	60	12	12	11	0	0	4	75	12	20
2022	Métis	40	14	19	15	7	5	0	57	24	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	24	15	7	5	1	3	73	12	2075
2020	Indigenous	47	14	14	8	9	4	3	66	19	54
2020	Métis	53	11	10	9	8	4	5	70	19	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	27	18	7	4	1	2	69	11	1397
2019	Indigenous	40	16	21	14	6	2	1	58	20	53
2019	Métis	41	17	27	6	9	0	0	58	15	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	26	14	7	3	1	2	75	10	1415

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	12	5	5	6	10	1	83	12	65
2022	First Nations	68	20	0	4	4	5	0	92	8	20
2022	Métis	56	11	7	6	6	12	2	77	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	76	9	4	2	2	4	4	92	4	2075
2020	Indigenous	62	11	5	4	7	8	3	82	12	54
2020	Métis	61	11	4	5	9	4	5	79	16	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	76	10	4	2	2	3	3	91	4	1397
2019	Indigenous	74	8	5	5	0	6	2	88	6	53
2019	Métis	67	9	9	6	0	6	3	83	7	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	76	9	4	2	2	4	3	91	5	1416

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	62	11	3	4	7	3	9	84	13	65
2022	First Nations	69	8	4	0	0	0	18	95	0	20
2022	Métis	60	12	2	6	10	5	6	80	17	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	9	4	2	2	2	8	90	5	2075
2020	Indigenous	58	22	6	3	2	3	6	89	5	54
2020	Métis	54	25	6	4	2	4	5	87	7	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	74	11	4	2	1	1	7	92	4	1399
2019	Indigenous	79	6	6	0	2	4	4	92	2	52
2019	Métis	76	6	9	0	2	6	0	88	3	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	79	6	3	2	1	2	7	93	3	1414

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	28	13	12	23	0	2	51	35	65
2022	First Nations	33	9	14	12	26	0	6	45	40	20
2022	Métis	19	35	14	11	21	0	0	54	32	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	33	13	15	13	4	2	57	30	2075
2020	Indigenous	11	24	14	22	25	2	2	37	49	54
2020	Métis	4	25	14	29	22	2	2	31	54	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	29	14	16	15	4	2	53	32	1400
2019	Indigenous	14	15	18	31	18	2	2	30	51	52
2019	Métis	10	9	19	39	18	4	0	20	60	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	25	15	15	21	3	2	47	38	1421
2018	Indigenous	15	29	12	17	26	2	0	44	44	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	21	15	20	24	3	2	38	46	1118

Empowerment

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	31	16	13	13	59	25	65
2022	First Nations	34	36	13	4	13	70	18	20
2022	Métis	27	29	18	14	12	56	26	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	38	11	10	6	73	16	2075
2020	Indigenous	22	37	14	17	11	59	27	54
2020	Métis	15	45	10	15	15	60	30	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	39	11	9	5	75	14	1391
2019	Indigenous	20	35	25	11	8	55	19	53
2019	Métis	13	40	28	11	7	53	19	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	40	12	10	5	73	15	1418
2018	Indigenous	31	32	12	14	11	63	25	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	38	11	13	7	69	20	1120

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	29	11	11	9	69	20	65
2022	First Nations	39	38	8	5	10	77	15	20
2022	Métis	38	28	12	12	9	66	21	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	33	12	8	4	76	12	2075
2020	Indigenous	20	35	22	6	16	55	23	54
2020	Métis	14	40	24	7	15	55	21	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	36	12	8	5	75	13	1402
2019	Indigenous	26	35	15	15	9	61	24	53
2019	Métis	19	46	14	14	6	65	20	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	35	12	8	5	74	13	1419
2018	Indigenous	37	28	22	2	11	65	13	41
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	34	13	10	6	71	16	1118

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	30	19	12	10	0	0	58	23	65
2022	First Nations	34	28	17	17	4	0	0	62	22	20
2022	Métis	26	32	20	10	13	0	0	58	22	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	36	11	9	4	0	0	75	13	2075
2020	Indigenous	33	30	9	22	5	2	0	64	27	54
2020	Métis	33	28	10	22	8	0	0	61	30	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	41	10	9	5	0	0	76	14	1392
2019	Indigenous	26	33	26	7	6	2	0	60	13	51
2019	Métis	22	35	28	12	3	0	0	58	14	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	38	11	9	4	0	1	76	13	1394
2018	Indigenous	29	31	26	10	4	0	0	60	14	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	38	14	11	6	0	1	69	17	1122

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	30	20	9	12	3	0	58	22	65
2022	First Nations	39	30	8	0	13	9	0	76	15	20
2022	Métis	19	33	26	11	11	0	0	52	22	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	40	16	10	5	4	0	68	15	2075
2020	Indigenous	11	43	19	15	11	0	0	55	26	53
2020	Métis	7	41	24	13	16	0	0	47	28	37
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	44	14	8	4	4	1	73	12	1401
2019	Indigenous	14	51	18	8	8	2	0	65	17	53
2019	Métis	13	45	24	9	9	0	0	58	18	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	42	17	10	4	3	1	68	14	1421
2018	Indigenous	20	33	29	8	10	0	0	53	18	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	36	24	9	7	3	0	59	17	1120

Work-life balance and workload

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	37	3	8	11	2	0	78	19	65
2022	First Nations	46	28	5	7	8	5	0	78	17	20
2022	Métis	39	36	2	10	12	0	0	75	23	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	32	8	10	6	0	0	76	16	2075
2020	Indigenous	34	32	11	14	6	0	2	68	21	53
2020	Métis	32	32	13	12	9	0	2	65	22	37
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	32	11	10	8	0	0	71	18	1397
2019	Indigenous	41	27	10	8	10	2	0	71	19	53
2019	Métis	41	26	13	9	11	0	0	67	20	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	31	7	8	4	0	0	81	12	1422
2018	Indigenous	42	25	2	20	12	0	0	66	31	40
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	33	9	7	4	0	0	80	12	1119

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	30	16	15	5	0	0	65	20	65
2022	First Nations	42	28	10	11	8	0	0	70	19	20
2022	Métis	30	30	18	17	5	0	0	60	22	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	34	16	9	6	0	0	69	15	2075
2020	Indigenous	26	25	26	18	5	0	0	51	22	54
2020	Métis	23	22	28	22	4	0	0	46	27	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	28	21	12	12	0	0	55	24	1390
2019	Indigenous	42	29	15	5	5	2	2	75	10	53
2019	Métis	34	32	22	2	5	0	4	69	8	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	33	16	9	4	0	0	71	13	1413
2018	Indigenous	41	35	5	16	2	0	0	76	19	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	33	17	10	5	0	0	68	15	1125

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	21	9	4	4	1	2	83	8	65
2022	First Nations	63	21	7	4	0	5	0	88	4	20
2022	Métis	60	18	11	4	5	0	2	80	9	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	66	21	5	3	3	2	1	90	6	2075

Mobility and retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	22	39	65
2022	First Nations	58	13	28	20
2022	Métis	32	26	42	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	23	28	2080
2020	Indigenous	40	24	36	54
2020	Métis	37	22	41	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	30	38	1401
2019	Indigenous	39	24	38	53
2019	Métis	26	30	44	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	32	36	1425
2018	Indigenous	28	28	44	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	33	34	1123

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes, to retire (%)	Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Yes, other reason Specify other reason (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	25	31	9	7	9	25
2022	First Nations	33	15	29	0	16	7	10
2022	Métis	11	32	30	16	0	11	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	27	32	6	21	8	985
2020	Indigenous	12	23	36	0	22	8	22
2020	Métis	12	28	26	0	21	12	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	35	31	5	13	7	466
2019	Indigenous	4	16	26	4	46	4	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	27	38	5	14	5	458
2018	Indigenous	0	16	54	16	14	0	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	23	45	8	12	4	383

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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	37	3	13	6	77	20	65
2022	First Nations	43	29	6	18	4	72	22	20
2022	Métis	40	40	2	11	7	80	18	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	38	7	8	3	82	11	2070
2020	Indigenous	43	32	11	14	0	75	14	54
2020	Métis	40	35	16	9	0	75	9	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	37	7	5	3	85	7	1398
2019	Indigenous	30	40	16	5	8	70	13	53
2019	Métis	30	36	19	6	9	66	15	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	36	9	7	3	81	10	1419
2018	Indigenous	36	43	12	7	2	79	9	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	41	9	6	2	83	8	1127

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	42	12	6	9	4	72	15	65
2022	First Nations	32	48	16	0	4	0	80	4	20
2022	Métis	25	37	14	8	10	6	66	19	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	39	16	15	7	1	62	22	2075
2020	Indigenous	24	33	23	15	5	0	58	20	54
2020	Métis	23	29	23	19	6	0	51	26	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	43	13	11	5	1	71	16	1398
2019	Indigenous	16	39	20	20	4	2	56	24	53
2019	Métis	13	33	20	27	2	4	48	31	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	41	16	10	4	1	70	15	1417
2018	Indigenous	20	38	23	15	4	0	57	20	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	44	15	11	4	1	69	16	1124

Organizational performance

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	20	48	7	6	0	6	14	34	65
2022	First Nations	8	15	51	11	9	0	6	21	25	20
2022	Métis	14	22	46	5	7	0	6	13	39	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	28	32	17	8	1	1	26	42	2070
2020	Indigenous	21	29	35	11	3	0	0	15	50	54
2020	Métis	25	33	26	11	5	0	0	16	58	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	25	37	17	6	0	1	23	39	1401
2019	Indigenous	12	18	49	11	10	0	0	21	30	51
2019	Métis	15	26	45	6	8	0	0	14	41	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	22	38	22	9	0	1	31	30	1419
2018	Indigenous	11	27	33	19	10	0	0	29	38	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	21	42	19	7	0	1	27	30	1119

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	26	31	8	7	0	5	15	52	65
2022	First Nations	20	11	35	15	13	0	6	29	33	20
2022	Métis	24	34	27	5	5	0	5	11	61	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	27	29	15	7	1	2	22	48	2075
2020	Indigenous	28	35	18	12	7	0	0	19	63	54
2020	Métis	32	32	9	17	10	0	0	26	65	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	25	32	17	7	1	1	25	43	1393
2019	Indigenous	28	33	21	9	10	0	0	19	60	52
2019	Métis	42	14	25	10	8	0	0	18	56	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	27	31	15	6	1	1	21	47	1416
2018	Indigenous	27	33	31	5	3	0	0	8	60	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	26	30	13	5	2	1	19	51	1113

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	15	37	21	9	0	4	31	30	65
2022	First Nations	16	20	26	18	14	0	6	35	38	20
2022	Métis	14	15	42	19	8	0	3	28	29	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	18	29	25	13	1	2	39	31	2075
2020	Indigenous	19	15	22	25	17	2	0	43	34	54
2020	Métis	22	14	22	18	23	0	0	42	36	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	21	31	23	11	1	1	35	34	1396
2019	Indigenous	8	11	33	36	11	0	0	47	19	51
2019	Métis	12	8	38	37	4	0	0	41	20	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	18	33	27	13	1	1	41	26	1415
2018	Indigenous	11	18	28	23	20	0	0	43	29	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	18	33	27	13	0	1	40	27	1114

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	25	26	17	10	6	2	30	43	65
2022	First Nations	21	22	12	19	19	0	6	41	46	20
2022	Métis	14	26	30	16	6	8	0	24	43	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	21	24	20	15	2	3	37	38	2070
2020	Indigenous	24	25	18	25	9	0	0	34	49	54
2020	Métis	26	26	16	20	12	0	0	32	52	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	21	26	19	12	2	1	33	41	1398
2019	Indigenous	13	18	29	24	13	3	0	38	32	50
2019	Métis	18	19	34	18	11	0	0	29	37	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	20	29	21	14	1	2	36	34	1415
2018	Indigenous	24	24	30	8	12	2	0	21	49	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	23	28	17	11	1	2	29	43	1119

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	20	23	23	8	2	4	33	43	65
2022	First Nations	26	24	19	16	9	0	6	26	53	20
2022	Métis	19	21	23	22	9	3	2	33	42	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	20	23	17	16	3	4	36	39	2075
2020	Indigenous	21	11	26	22	17	0	3	40	34	54
2020	Métis	19	16	29	11	22	0	4	34	36	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	18	23	25	17	3	2	44	32	1397
2019	Indigenous	14	11	26	18	28	2	0	47	26	51
2019	Métis	15	6	27	18	33	0	0	52	21	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	18	27	24	18	2	2	43	28	1412
2018	Indigenous	21	19	28	14	18	0	0	32	40	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	20	27	21	15	2	3	37	35	1112

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	18	35	4	8	2	6	13	49	65
2022	First Nations	21	21	33	5	13	0	6	20	45	20
2022	Métis	29	19	33	3	8	2	5	12	52	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	24	29	15	11	2	2	27	43	2075
2020	Indigenous	28	16	28	15	13	0	0	28	43	54
2020	Métis	32	15	28	7	18	0	0	25	47	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	22	33	17	9	2	1	27	39	1393
2019	Indigenous	27	35	18	6	15	0	0	20	62	52
2019	Métis	34	25	20	9	12	0	0	21	59	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	26	33	15	8	2	1	23	43	1418
2018	Indigenous	22	41	27	4	5	0	0	10	63	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	28	30	14	6	1	1	20	50	1117

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	11	29	29	14	4	2	46	23	65
2022	First Nations	9	4	20	42	19	0	6	66	14	20
2022	Métis	10	16	32	21	15	6	0	38	28	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	16	32	26	17	0	2	44	23	2075
2020	Indigenous	11	20	30	24	14	0	0	39	31	54
2020	Métis	9	25	23	25	18	0	0	43	34	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	15	37	29	11	1	1	40	22	1400
2019	Indigenous	15	15	45	13	12	0	0	25	31	51
2019	Métis	15	10	43	18	14	0	0	32	25	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	22	33	22	11	0	0	33	33	1420

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	26	30	16	11	2	42	28	65
2022	First Nations	13	45	27	8	7	0	58	15	20
2022	Métis	17	17	32	21	10	2	36	32	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	27	18	23	15	3	42	39	2075
2020	Indigenous	17	30	15	29	8	2	48	37	54
2020	Métis	14	24	13	40	9	0	39	48	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	33	19	18	10	2	51	29	1390
2019	Indigenous	12	24	24	23	9	9	39	34	53
2019	Métis	12	25	22	21	14	6	40	37	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	34	21	18	9	4	50	28	1413

Diversity and inclusion

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	19	14	11	10	2	64	21	65
2022	First Nations	50	21	11	14	4	0	71	18	20
2022	Métis	43	20	15	8	12	2	64	20	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	26	7	6	4	1	82	11	2075
2020	Indigenous	44	16	13	16	11	0	60	27	54
2020	Métis	39	20	8	18	15	0	59	33	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	27	7	8	7	1	78	15	1398
2019	Indigenous	37	27	13	9	13	0	65	23	53
2019	Métis	33	24	18	9	15	0	57	24	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	27	9	9	6	0	76	15	1417
2018	Indigenous	34	39	5	8	13	0	73	21	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	31	9	10	10	1	71	20	1126

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	29	7	11	8	75	19	65
2022	First Nations	54	34	0	8	4	88	12	20
2022	Métis	43	27	9	12	9	70	21	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	64	25	4	5	2	89	7	2075
2020	Indigenous	56	9	14	15	6	65	21	54
2020	Métis	53	10	12	17	8	64	25	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	60	25	5	6	3	86	9	1391
2019	Indigenous	43	28	13	13	3	71	16	53
2019	Métis	37	27	17	17	2	64	19	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	28	5	7	3	85	10	1420
2018	Indigenous	37	47	6	8	3	83	11	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	34	6	7	4	83	11	1125

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	34	3	8	9	0	2	79	18	65
2022	First Nations	56	30	0	5	8	0	0	86	14	20
2022	Métis	39	38	3	9	9	0	2	78	19	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	31	7	4	2	1	0	88	6	2075
2020	Indigenous	33	33	12	14	7	0	0	67	21	53
2020	Métis	31	36	12	14	8	0	0	66	22	37
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	31	7	4	4	1	0	85	8	1382
2019	Indigenous	32	34	19	8	7	0	0	66	15	53
2019	Métis	23	42	21	9	5	0	0	65	14	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	33	8	4	3	1	0	84	7	1420
2018	Indigenous	37	37	13	9	4	0	0	75	13	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	39	9	6	4	1	0	81	10	1127

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	35	17	13	7	1	63	20	65
2022	First Nations	38	29	4	21	4	4	70	26	20
2022	Métis	25	36	21	10	8	0	62	17	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	36	11	7	4	2	77	12	2075
2020	Indigenous	26	37	28	3	6	0	63	9	54
2020	Métis	22	39	29	2	8	0	61	10	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	38	11	7	4	2	77	11	1392
2019	Indigenous	29	31	20	12	7	0	60	19	53
2019	Métis	28	27	23	10	11	0	55	22	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	39	11	7	4	2	77	11	1414
2018	Indigenous	31	39	10	17	0	3	72	18	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	39	12	6	3	1	79	10	1123

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	31	22	11	1	3	0	65	13	65
2022	First Nations	32	43	17	8	0	0	0	75	8	20
2022	Métis	30	27	26	11	2	4	0	60	13	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	37	12	6	3	8	0	78	9	2070
2020	Indigenous	33	30	18	8	7	3	0	66	16	54
2020	Métis	28	33	17	9	10	2	0	63	19	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	34	15	5	2	6	1	76	8	1393
2019	Indigenous	43	30	12	10	3	0	2	74	13	51
2019	Métis	42	26	13	13	3	0	3	70	16	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	33	12	5	3	3	0	80	8	1419
2018	Indigenous	32	38	17	9	1	3	0	72	11	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	34	14	5	3	4	0	78	8	1121

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	42	8	4	7	81	11	65
2022	First Nations	43	28	13	4	12	71	16	20
2022	Métis	36	48	5	4	7	84	11	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	33	8	6	3	83	9	2075
2020	Indigenous	48	28	13	7	3	76	10	53
2020	Métis	40	32	13	10	4	73	14	37
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	32	7	5	3	85	8	1395
2019	Indigenous	42	36	12	4	6	78	10	53
2019	Métis	30	43	17	3	7	73	10	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	34	8	5	3	84	8	1422
2018	Indigenous	41	37	11	9	3	77	12	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	37	10	5	4	81	9	1119

Anti-racism

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	21	17	11	7	2	2	65	18	65
2022	First Nations	44	30	4	12	4	5	0	78	18	20
2022	Métis	40	18	22	9	7	0	3	60	17	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	28	9	5	3	6	3	81	9	2080

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	25	18	10	8	2	2	63	18	65
2022	First Nations	44	26	5	12	8	5	0	74	21	20
2022	Métis	35	24	23	9	7	0	3	60	16	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	29	10	5	4	6	3	79	10	2075

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	24	24	10	2	12	0	59	14	65
2022	First Nations	34	30	23	0	0	12	0	73	0	20
2022	Métis	23	20	28	14	3	12	0	49	20	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	26	23	7	3	15	1	61	11	2075
2020	Indigenous	30	29	14	7	11	8	0	64	20	54
2020	Métis	29	25	12	10	16	8	0	58	29	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	30	20	7	3	11	1	66	11	1400

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	29	9	14	6	5	0	70	21	65
2022	First Nations	49	34	13	0	4	0	0	83	4	20
2022	Métis	33	27	7	20	6	6	0	65	28	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	33	9	6	3	6	2	80	10	2075
2020	Indigenous	30	26	19	7	16	2	0	57	24	53
2020	Métis	26	28	13	10	20	2	0	55	31	37
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	32	10	6	4	6	2	78	11	1396

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	18	36	7	4	23	0	40	13	65
2022	First Nations	16	14	38	6	0	26	0	40	8	20
2022	Métis	10	21	34	7	5	24	0	40	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	12	22	4	2	46	5	43	12	2070

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	9	13	11	38	27	3	12	69	40

Ethical workplace

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	23	12	17	9	7	6	58	29	65
2022	First Nations	38	21	9	14	4	5	8	68	21	20
2022	Métis	25	24	12	17	10	7	4	55	31	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	28	13	7	6	7	8	69	15	2075
2020	Indigenous	21	26	11	15	13	7	6	54	33	54
2020	Métis	18	23	15	17	18	0	9	45	39	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	29	15	8	6	7	6	65	17	1396
2019	Indigenous	26	24	9	23	9	6	2	55	35	53
2019	Métis	24	25	6	27	13	4	0	52	41	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	29	13	10	6	5	4	67	18	1422
2018	Indigenous	19	27	19	16	12	2	5	49	31	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	30	17	11	9	6	4	59	22	1128

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	34	12	5	8	3	2	73	14	65
2022	First Nations	49	29	9	7	6	0	0	77	14	20
2022	Métis	29	40	12	3	9	4	3	74	13	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	37	13	12	5	4	1	68	18	2075
2020	Indigenous	20	31	9	18	6	16	0	62	28	54
2020	Métis	17	28	10	22	8	14	0	53	36	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	37	14	11	4	4	1	69	16	1391
2019	Indigenous	20	32	11	22	11	5	0	54	35	53
2019	Métis	15	25	13	32	10	4	0	42	44	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	34	15	12	5	3	1	67	18	1418
2018	Indigenous	21	39	19	17	2	2	0	61	20	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	39	14	10	4	3	1	71	15	1118

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	28	25	11	4	2	60	15	65
2022	First Nations	44	26	17	14	0	0	69	14	20
2022	Métis	25	29	29	9	5	2	56	14	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	38	19	6	4	3	70	10	2075
2020	Indigenous	25	24	36	8	7	0	49	15	54
2020	Métis	19	25	36	10	10	0	44	21	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	40	18	8	3	3	70	12	1397
2019	Indigenous	25	32	21	13	5	5	60	18	52
2019	Métis	22	29	21	19	5	4	53	25	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	35	20	8	5	1	67	13	1406
2018	Indigenous	28	24	25	11	12	0	52	23	40
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	39	17	8	5	1	70	13	1121

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	17	13	22	25	3	1	38	49	65
2022	First Nations	29	22	17	16	12	5	0	53	29	20
2022	Métis	16	17	11	22	31	2	2	34	55	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	23	17	12	11	14	3	53	27	2075
2020	Indigenous	19	11	10	25	26	10	0	33	56	54
2020	Métis	17	7	9	29	34	4	0	25	65	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	21	19	12	11	15	3	49	29	1399
2019	Indigenous	10	14	12	26	25	12	2	28	59	53
2019	Métis	4	15	5	34	29	13	0	22	72	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	19	19	16	14	10	3	43	35	1422
2018	Indigenous	7	27	5	20	29	9	3	39	56	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	21	20	18	15	10	3	40	38	1121

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	54	1	9	3	86	13	65
2022	First Nations	47	33	4	13	4	80	16	20
2022	Métis	27	61	1	7	3	88	11	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	44	4	11	4	82	15	2075
2020	Indigenous	30	41	5	19	5	71	24	54
2020	Métis	33	36	2	27	2	69	29	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	46	3	14	2	80	16	1401

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	41	10	11	7	0	72	18	65
2022	First Nations	43	38	15	4	0	0	81	4	20
2022	Métis	23	44	11	13	10	0	66	23	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	34	7	12	6	2	73	19	2075
2020	Indigenous	28	37	13	17	5	0	65	22	54
2020	Métis	35	34	14	13	4	0	69	17	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	43	7	13	4	0	76	17	1399
2019	Indigenous	48	44	4	2	2	0	92	4	52
2019	Métis	42	51	4	0	3	0	94	3	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	34	7	9	5	0	80	13	1426

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	35	2	12	10	2	74	23	65
2022	First Nations	36	43	0	13	8	0	79	21	20
2022	Métis	37	32	3	14	13	2	70	27	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	34	9	9	3	1	80	12	2070
2020	Indigenous	39	26	12	18	4	0	66	23	53
2020	Métis	43	28	6	19	4	0	71	23	37
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	39	8	9	3	1	80	12	1392
2019	Indigenous	40	40	4	9	7	0	80	16	53
2019	Métis	38	37	4	12	9	0	75	21	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	32	7	5	2	0	85	7	1412

Use of official languages

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	72	20	3	0	2	2	95	2	65
2022	First Nations	82	14	0	0	0	4	100	0	20
2022	Métis	68	24	4	0	3	1	93	3	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	78	16	3	2	1	0	94	3	2075
2020	Indigenous	77	17	6	0	0	0	94	0	54
2020	Métis	69	23	8	0	0	0	92	0	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	82	13	2	2	1	0	95	3	1387

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	72	8	3	1	6	0	9	88	8	65
2022	First Nations	91	4	0	0	0	0	5	100	0	20
2022	Métis	67	10	5	2	7	0	10	85	10	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	82	9	3	2	1	1	2	94	3	2075
2019	Indigenous	66	15	8	0	4	0	6	87	4	53
2019	Métis	60	22	11	0	4	0	3	84	4	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	83	9	4	2	2	0	1	93	4	1414

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	21	17	9	6	9	7	62	18	65
2022	First Nations	45	12	8	0	13	18	5	73	17	20
2022	Métis	26	22	22	9	7	7	7	56	18	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	26	19	7	3	11	2	67	11	2075
2020	Indigenous	26	22	21	5	9	17	0	58	16	54
2020	Métis	25	21	19	7	12	16	0	55	22	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	24	18	9	5	11	3	64	15	1400
2019	Indigenous	28	15	28	8	3	18	0	52	13	53
2019	Métis	29	15	22	13	2	18	0	55	18	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	24	18	7	4	10	2	66	13	1423

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	81	65
2022	Métis	21	79	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	2075
2020	Indigenous	9	91	54
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1402
2019	Indigenous	23	77	53
2019	Métis	27	73	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1423
2018	Indigenous	17	83	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1122

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	45	15
2022	Métis	60	40	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	58	230
2019	Indigenous	40	60	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	54	171

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	76	24	15
2022	Métis	78	22	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	59	41	230

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	88	15
2022	Métis	14	86	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	230

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	230
2019	Indigenous	0	100	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	0	100	171

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	63	15
2022	Métis	31	69	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	230

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	88	15
2022	Métis	15	85	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	230

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	93	15
2022	Métis	9	91	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	230
2019	Indigenous	0	100	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	171

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	70	30	15
2022	Métis	78	22	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	62	230
2019	Indigenous	50	50	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	66	170

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	58	15
2022	Métis	43	57	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	62	230
2019	Indigenous	53	47	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	54	170

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	75	25	15
2022	Métis	70	30	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	53	230
2019	Indigenous	36	64	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	48	170

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	39	15
2022	Métis	60	40	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	57	230
2019	Indigenous	53	47	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	62	170

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	52	15
2022	Métis	51	49	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	63	230

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	88	12	15
2022	Métis	85	15	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	47	230
2019	Indigenous	40	60	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	48	170

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	43	15
2022	Métis	62	38	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	66	230
2019	Indigenous	37	63	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	71	170

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	230
2019	Indigenous	0	100	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	0	100	170

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	71	15
2022	Métis	36	64	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	230
2019	Indigenous	0	100	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	170

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	93	15
2022	Métis	9	91	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	230

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	66	34	15
2022	Métis	73	27	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	54	230
2019	Indigenous	33	67	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	52	170

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	66	15
2022	Métis	42	58	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	230

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	84	15
2022	Métis	20	80	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	230

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	75	25	15
2022	Métis	77	23	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	45	230
2019	Indigenous	53	47	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	56	170

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	75	15
2022	Métis	31	69	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	230

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	82	15
2022	Métis	23	77	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	230

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	80	15
2022	Métis	25	75	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	230
2019	Indigenous	33	67	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	170

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	82	15
2022	Métis	14	86	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	230

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	86	15
2022	Métis	9	91	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	230

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	230

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	77	15
2022	Métis	28	72	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	230

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	83	15
2022	Métis	13	87	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	230
2019	Indigenous	40	60	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	68	170

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	215

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	71	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	74	215

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	215

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	215

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	85	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	215

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	79	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	215

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	215

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	78	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	215

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	68	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	215

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	69	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	215

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	86	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	215

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	45	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	57	215

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	215

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	42	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	48	215

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	215

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	90	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	215

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	12	12	9	4	43	8	50	27	65
2022	Métis	9	13	12	8	5	42	11	46	29	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	12	13	6	5	43	12	49	23	2075
2020	Indigenous	17	9	10	14	12	31	7	43	42	54
2020	Métis	21	11	4	15	16	22	10	47	46	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	12	15	7	6	35	10	49	24	1400
2019	Indigenous	13	7	26	12	12	22	7	29	35	53
2019	Métis	10	6	24	11	18	25	5	24	42	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	13	17	9	9	29	10	44	29	1423
2018	Indigenous	12	4	23	10	14	32	5	26	37	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	16	20	10	7	27	7	45	25	1122

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	26	16	5	6	11	4	68	13	65
2022	First Nations	58	20	15	0	0	7	0	83	0	20
2022	Métis	24	30	16	7	8	11	5	63	18	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	30	16	6	3	15	2	70	11	2070
2020	Indigenous	25	21	15	14	12	10	3	53	30	54
2020	Métis	23	21	11	16	16	9	4	51	36	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	27	18	6	5	16	2	65	14	1400
2019	Indigenous	24	29	18	12	10	6	0	57	24	53
2019	Métis	24	23	17	11	14	10	0	53	28	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	30	16	8	6	9	1	68	15	1422
2018	Indigenous	19	26	20	13	11	11	0	51	27	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	33	18	7	5	8	1	66	14	1122

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	82	65
2022	Métis	21	79	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	2075
2020	Indigenous	10	90	54
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1399
2019	Indigenous	13	87	53
2019	Métis	19	81	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1427
2018	Indigenous	14	86	41
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1125

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	63	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	140

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	65	35	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	78	22	140

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	140

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	140

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	57	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	140

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	140

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	140

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	87	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	145

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	81	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	145

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	145

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	145

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	59	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	145

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	83	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	145

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	145

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	145

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	90	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	145

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	74	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	81	145

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	145

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	47	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	145

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	145

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	91	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	145

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	69	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	74	145

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	91	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	145

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	145

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	145

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	93	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	145

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	71	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	145

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	145

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	76	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	145

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	45	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	43	145

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	135

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	135

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	135

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	135

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	135

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	135

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	81	135

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	135

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	135

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	135

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	135

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	60	135

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	135

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	43	135

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	135

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	135

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	12	15	9	5	42	6	43	28	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	13	17	3	3	44	8	51	12	2075
2020	Indigenous	15	12	18	3	10	36	6	47	22	54
2020	Métis	19	14	14	4	14	26	8	51	27	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	12	17	4	3	39	8	53	13	1396
2019	Indigenous	13	14	20	7	6	25	14	45	21	53
2019	Métis	10	17	20	6	7	34	5	44	23	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	12	19	5	3	35	10	51	15	1418
2018	Indigenous	12	7	24	2	9	43	2	36	21	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	17	21	5	3	34	7	53	12	1121

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	27	17	8	4	11	2	67	14	65
2022	First Nations	45	26	21	0	0	8	0	78	0	20
2022	Métis	27	28	13	12	5	12	3	65	20	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	33	16	4	2	15	1	72	8	2075
2020	Indigenous	28	23	18	6	8	15	3	62	16	53
2020	Métis	28	21	14	8	11	14	4	60	23	37
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	28	19	4	3	17	2	68	9	1402
2019	Indigenous	24	26	18	14	2	14	2	60	18	53
2019	Métis	22	24	19	17	0	17	0	56	21	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	28	16	4	3	13	1	73	8	1419
2018	Indigenous	27	23	23	2	9	16	0	60	13	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	32	18	5	3	13	1	70	10	1121

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	71	65
2022	First Nations	16	84	20
2022	Métis	37	63	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	2070
2020	Indigenous	14	86	54
2020	Métis	18	82	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1397
2019	Indigenous	15	85	53
2019	Métis	16	84	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	83	1424

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	69	31	20
2022	Métis	66	34	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	45	350

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	40	20
2022	Métis	61	39	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	81	19	345

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	33	18	13	0	0	70	13	10
2022	Métis	40	35	12	14	0	0	75	14	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	36	8	5	3	3	84	8	280

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	33	10	5	8	1	3	76	14	65
2022	First Nations	43	38	8	4	0	0	6	87	4	20
2022	Métis	39	30	12	4	11	2	2	72	16	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	33	7	5	2	3	1	86	8	2075
2020	Indigenous	36	27	14	14	6	4	0	65	20	54
2020	Métis	31	29	15	11	8	6	0	64	20	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	31	8	6	3	3	2	83	9	1400

Future of work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?
Survey year	Demographic	20% (1 out of 5 days) (%)	40% (2 out of 5 days) (%)	60% (3 out of 5 days) (%)	80% (4 out of 5 days) (%)	Other Please specify (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	62	8	9	16	35
2022	Métis	3	54	11	11	21	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	72	8	4	4	1245

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	86	14	40
2022	First Nations	92	8	10
2022	Métis	85	15	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	84	16	1460

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	72	40
2022	First Nations	28	72	10
2022	Métis	32	68	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	72	1460

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	56	40
2022	First Nations	63	37	10
2022	Métis	39	61	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	47	1460

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	50	40
2022	First Nations	64	36	10
2022	Métis	51	49	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	56	1460

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	78	40
2022	First Nations	17	83	10
2022	Métis	24	76	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	1460

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	66	40
2022	First Nations	26	74	10
2022	Métis	39	61	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	70	1460

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	77	40
2022	First Nations	17	83	10
2022	Métis	26	74	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1460

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	76	40
2022	First Nations	28	72	10
2022	Métis	27	73	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	1460

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	75	40
2022	First Nations	43	57	10
2022	Métis	24	76	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1460

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	69	40
2022	First Nations	18	82	10
2022	Métis	33	67	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	1460

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	83	40
2022	First Nations	18	82	10
2022	Métis	21	79	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	77	1460

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	4	96	40
2022	First Nations	18	82	10
2022	Métis	2	98	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1460

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	71	40
2022	First Nations	11	89	10
2022	Métis	28	72	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	1460

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	68	18	2	0	12	0	86	12	40
2022	First Nations	48	34	10	0	8	0	82	8	10
2022	Métis	72	15	0	0	12	0	88	12	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	71	14	4	2	3	6	90	5	1460

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	10	24	7	29	4	5	39	35	40
2022	First Nations	0	20	26	8	26	0	21	43	25	10
2022	Métis	26	10	22	6	31	5	0	39	38	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	17	15	15	35	4	6	55	28	1460

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	14	18	16	32	4	0	50	31	40
2022	First Nations	0	26	36	8	20	10	0	31	29	10
2022	Métis	20	13	12	19	33	3	0	54	34	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	22	15	15	31	4	1	50	35	1460

Top of page

Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	32	8	3	8	1	1	81	11	65
2022	First Nations	61	27	0	4	4	0	4	92	8	20
2022	Métis	44	32	11	2	9	2	0	78	12	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	28	6	5	4	1	0	84	10	2075
2020	Indigenous	43	23	8	18	8	0	0	65	26	53
2020	Métis	42	23	7	17	12	0	0	64	29	37
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	31	8	7	5	1	0	80	12	1394

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	19	9	6	35	6	18	54	35	65
2022	First Nations	10	12	8	8	32	0	31	57	32	20
2022	Métis	6	21	9	7	35	8	14	53	35	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	4	12	8	44	7	23	74	9	2070

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	37	15	7	4	2	73	11	65
2022	First Nations	23	54	18	5	0	0	77	5	20
2022	Métis	38	34	13	6	5	3	75	11	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	43	14	8	4	2	73	12	2075
2020	Indigenous	31	47	2	6	12	3	80	18	54
2020	Métis	28	52	0	2	14	4	83	17	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	42	11	6	2	2	80	9	1402
2019	Indigenous	37	28	15	14	2	4	68	16	53
2019	Métis	44	27	13	14	2	0	71	17	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	40	12	7	2	1	79	9	1417
2018	Indigenous	32	30	12	10	13	3	64	24	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	42	10	6	2	1	81	8	1122

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	2	20	37	32	9	65
2022	First Nations	5	30	24	36	4	20
2022	Métis	0	14	41	34	11	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	25	37	22	7	2075

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	33	13	1	5	1	0	81	6	65
2022	First Nations	52	40	0	4	4	0	0	92	8	20
2022	Métis	46	29	18	0	5	1	0	77	5	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	26	8	3	3	2	1	85	6	2075
2020	Indigenous	37	31	9	8	14	2	0	69	22	54
2020	Métis	33	32	10	5	19	0	0	66	24	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	29	12	5	4	3	1	78	9	1399

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	23	10	15	7	1	67	23	65
2022	First Nations	53	26	9	4	8	0	79	12	20
2022	Métis	41	21	12	17	7	2	63	25	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	26	8	10	8	1	73	18	2075
2020	Indigenous	29	25	14	22	11	0	53	33	54
2020	Métis	29	23	15	18	15	0	52	33	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	28	11	13	9	1	67	22	1398

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	30	17	9	13	3	59	24	65
2022	First Nations	36	22	21	4	8	9	64	13	20
2022	Métis	21	31	15	13	17	3	54	31	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	37	12	13	8	1	66	21	2075
2020	Indigenous	22	29	19	19	7	3	53	28	54
2020	Métis	22	25	13	27	10	2	48	38	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	33	16	13	8	2	63	21	1400
2019	Indigenous	23	35	17	15	10	0	58	25	53
2019	Métis	23	32	19	11	14	0	55	25	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	37	15	12	7	2	65	19	1421
2018	Indigenous	17	30	23	17	13	0	47	30	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	38	16	14	7	1	63	21	1126

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	50	14	13	6	0	66	19	20
2022	Métis	14	50	21	6	9	0	64	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	55	11	15	3	1	70	18	690

Work-related stress

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	19	23	13	16	0	1	47	29	65
2022	First Nations	34	30	23	9	5	0	0	64	13	20
2022	Métis	22	13	24	18	20	0	2	36	39	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	31	18	10	10	0	1	61	20	2070
2020	Indigenous	30	26	24	11	8	0	0	56	19	54
2020	Métis	31	25	19	16	9	0	0	56	25	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	30	20	9	8	0	1	63	18	1397
2019	Indigenous	19	26	18	23	13	2	0	45	36	53
2019	Métis	12	34	16	15	19	3	0	47	36	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	28	23	14	14	0	1	49	28	1419
2018	Indigenous	8	22	26	22	21	0	0	30	43	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	24	25	14	19	0	1	41	34	1124

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	33	21	18	14	0	47	32	65
2022	First Nations	10	29	23	26	12	0	39	38	20
2022	Métis	15	35	19	16	15	0	49	32	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	26	26	15	16	1	43	31	2070
2020	Indigenous	11	26	36	14	12	0	37	26	54
2020	Métis	10	25	38	13	15	0	35	27	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	22	28	17	19	0	35	36	1402
2019	Indigenous	24	35	15	17	8	0	60	26	53
2019	Métis	18	37	13	21	11	0	55	32	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	32	26	13	10	0	50	23	1422
2018	Indigenous	22	20	32	20	7	0	41	26	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	26	29	17	12	0	42	28	1126

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	35	14	15	11	2	59	26	65
2022	First Nations	32	28	16	16	8	0	61	24	20
2022	Métis	18	37	13	17	11	3	57	30	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	28	20	14	13	1	52	27	2070
2020	Indigenous	28	31	19	14	8	0	59	22	54
2020	Métis	26	32	18	13	11	0	58	24	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	26	23	14	14	1	49	28	1396
2019	Indigenous	37	24	22	6	9	2	62	15	52
2019	Métis	26	32	25	3	14	0	58	17	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	34	22	11	7	1	60	18	1413
2018	Indigenous	27	37	21	7	7	2	65	14	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	31	24	13	7	1	55	20	1117

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	23	18	15	24	3	3	39	42	65
2022	First Nations	14	19	8	21	26	0	12	37	53	20
2022	Métis	12	23	23	14	24	5	0	36	40	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	21	23	17	17	1	2	42	34	2070
2020	Indigenous	19	17	26	22	14	2	0	37	36	54
2020	Métis	12	17	30	23	15	2	0	30	39	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	21	21	17	20	0	1	40	38	1395
2019	Indigenous	23	25	23	11	17	0	0	49	28	52
2019	Métis	15	26	28	11	21	0	0	41	32	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	27	21	15	13	0	1	50	29	1416
2018	Indigenous	23	10	31	11	25	0	0	34	36	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	24	24	18	14	1	2	43	33	1120

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	27	19	2	9	0	8	67	12	65
2022	First Nations	51	24	12	4	4	0	5	79	8	20
2022	Métis	26	29	25	1	11	0	8	60	13	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	25	14	8	10	0	4	67	18	2075
2020	Indigenous	31	34	9	13	6	0	7	70	21	54
2020	Métis	27	40	4	19	8	0	2	69	27	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	25	19	12	15	0	2	53	28	1394
2019	Indigenous	59	18	13	6	2	2	0	79	8	52
2019	Métis	58	14	17	8	3	0	0	72	11	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	26	13	6	4	0	3	77	10	1407
2018	Indigenous	40	34	16	3	4	0	2	76	8	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	26	14	7	5	0	5	73	13	1117

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	37	24	7	14	0	55	21	65
2022	First Nations	21	38	33	0	8	0	59	8	20
2022	Métis	14	38	24	6	17	0	52	24	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	27	19	13	14	1	54	27	2070
2020	Indigenous	18	26	31	10	15	0	44	25	54
2020	Métis	13	22	34	10	21	0	35	31	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	22	23	17	18	0	41	36	1396
2019	Indigenous	27	35	18	15	5	0	63	19	53
2019	Métis	18	42	13	22	5	0	60	27	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	31	21	11	8	0	60	19	1417
2018	Indigenous	25	21	31	11	12	0	46	23	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	28	23	12	9	1	55	22	1119

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	22	32	8	11	3	2	46	20	65
2022	First Nations	32	17	32	4	8	0	6	53	13	20
2022	Métis	19	23	34	7	12	5	0	43	21	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	27	21	11	9	1	1	58	21	2070
2020	Indigenous	26	25	24	13	11	0	0	52	24	54
2020	Métis	26	14	27	18	15	0	0	39	33	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	35	21	9	7	0	1	63	16	1399
2019	Indigenous	23	29	28	12	8	0	0	52	20	53
2019	Métis	14	27	32	19	7	0	0	41	27	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	35	20	11	5	1	0	64	16	1418
2018	Indigenous	26	32	14	13	12	0	2	59	26	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	34	26	11	7	1	1	56	19	1119

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	40	19	15	11	0	2	54	26	65
2022	First Nations	19	42	4	21	8	0	6	64	31	20
2022	Métis	11	41	24	15	9	0	0	52	23	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	27	24	13	13	1	1	49	27	2075
2020	Indigenous	24	21	24	15	16	0	0	45	31	54
2020	Métis	18	22	20	18	20	0	0	41	39	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	30	25	14	12	0	0	49	26	1395
2019	Indigenous	24	27	24	8	16	0	0	52	24	53
2019	Métis	18	28	18	13	23	0	0	46	36	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	36	23	12	5	0	0	60	17	1414
2018	Indigenous	18	23	35	12	9	0	2	42	22	41
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	33	28	12	7	0	1	52	19	1121

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	28	21	20	9	2	49	30	65
2022	First Nations	28	27	13	22	4	6	58	28	20
2022	Métis	18	29	26	21	7	0	46	28	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	27	21	13	12	1	53	25	2075
2020	Indigenous	26	12	23	25	14	0	38	39	54
2020	Métis	21	10	21	30	17	0	31	48	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	31	22	12	10	1	56	22	1395
2019	Indigenous	23	25	16	22	15	0	48	37	53
2019	Métis	18	20	20	27	14	0	38	41	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	32	22	12	9	0	58	20	1413
2018	Indigenous	18	36	18	13	15	0	54	28	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	29	27	11	8	1	53	20	1121

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	27	17	8	5	0	3	70	13	65
2022	First Nations	36	34	19	0	4	0	6	75	4	20
2022	Métis	40	27	15	10	5	0	2	68	16	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	27	13	6	7	1	1	73	14	2070
2020	Indigenous	30	16	25	15	13	0	2	47	28	53
2020	Métis	24	16	24	18	16	0	2	41	35	37
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	28	14	7	7	1	1	72	14	1395
2019	Indigenous	38	19	13	13	14	2	0	58	28	52
2019	Métis	22	27	17	20	14	0	0	49	34	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	26	14	9	6	0	1	71	14	1415

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	27	10	3	10	3	75	14	65
2022	First Nations	39	34	12	0	8	6	78	9	20
2022	Métis	45	27	9	4	13	2	74	17	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	28	14	5	4	1	76	10	2070
2020	Indigenous	26	30	20	18	4	2	57	23	54
2020	Métis	27	24	19	21	6	2	53	27	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	30	23	12	7	0	58	19	1396

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	31	22	6	8	0	2	64	14	65
2022	First Nations	24	39	8	8	15	0	6	67	24	20
2022	Métis	33	30	26	6	5	0	0	63	11	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	32	20	9	6	0	1	64	15	2065
2020	Indigenous	20	31	16	20	13	0	0	51	33	54
2020	Métis	24	24	20	19	14	0	0	48	33	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	30	25	14	10	0	0	51	24	1396
2019	Indigenous	32	29	17	11	8	2	0	62	20	53
2019	Métis	29	28	19	13	10	0	0	58	23	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	33	18	9	4	0	1	69	13	1412
2018	Indigenous	34	26	24	14	2	0	0	60	16	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	31	25	9	5	1	1	61	14	1121

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	17	7	6	12	0	9	73	19	65
2022	First Nations	60	18	4	4	8	0	6	83	12	20
2022	Métis	43	17	8	8	14	0	10	66	25	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	22	13	8	9	1	3	69	17	2070
2020	Indigenous	39	21	25	8	6	0	0	61	14	52
2020	Métis	40	26	23	7	4	0	0	66	11	36
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	29	17	6	3	0	1	73	9	1392
2019	Indigenous	62	23	10	2	4	0	0	85	6	52
2019	Métis	57	22	16	3	3	0	0	79	5	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	26	13	5	3	0	1	78	9	1415
2018	Indigenous	50	21	11	16	0	0	2	72	17	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	24	14	6	6	0	1	74	12	1111

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	29	13	10	8	7	67	19	65
2022	First Nations	46	31	9	5	4	6	82	9	20
2022	Métis	25	33	14	12	9	7	63	22	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	31	15	8	5	1	71	13	2070
2020	Indigenous	27	29	17	14	13	0	56	27	52
2020	Métis	33	18	18	15	16	0	52	31	36
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	38	20	8	4	0	68	12	1394

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	9	8	6	10	0	11	74	17	65
2022	First Nations	71	20	4	0	0	0	5	96	0	20
2022	Métis	49	7	12	6	13	0	13	64	22	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	70	11	5	3	3	0	8	89	6	2070
2020	Indigenous	55	17	12	5	3	0	8	78	9	52
2020	Métis	56	15	13	7	2	0	6	76	10	36
2020	Non-Indigenous	69	15	7	2	1	1	4	88	4	1395
2019	Indigenous	73	13	8	2	2	0	3	89	3	53
2019	Métis	63	17	13	2	2	0	3	82	5	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	73	12	6	2	2	0	5	90	4	1405
2018	Indigenous	68	12	13	2	5	0	0	80	7	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	70	14	7	3	2	1	4	88	5	1121

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	63	16	4	4	8	1	5	83	13	65
2022	First Nations	71	16	4	0	4	0	5	92	5	20
2022	Métis	59	17	4	5	10	2	4	80	16	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	76	9	4	2	3	1	5	90	6	2075
2020	Indigenous	71	10	5	8	2	0	4	85	10	52
2020	Métis	68	10	7	8	2	0	4	81	11	36
2020	Non-Indigenous	80	8	3	2	4	1	3	91	6	1393
2019	Indigenous	66	13	10	5	5	0	0	79	11	53
2019	Métis	60	15	9	9	6	0	0	76	15	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	72	12	6	3	3	0	3	87	7	1418
2018	Indigenous	55	19	4	11	7	0	4	77	18	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	68	13	6	4	5	1	4	84	9	1119

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	25	7	0	6	0	0	87	6	65
2022	First Nations	65	23	7	0	4	0	0	89	4	20
2022	Métis	58	26	10	0	7	0	0	83	7	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	68	20	5	2	2	0	2	90	4	2070
2020	Indigenous	62	16	16	0	2	2	3	81	2	52
2020	Métis	55	16	23	0	2	0	4	74	3	36
2020	Non-Indigenous	69	19	6	2	2	0	1	89	4	1388
2019	Indigenous	55	25	11	4	4	0	0	80	8	52
2019	Métis	41	26	19	7	7	0	0	68	13	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	28	9	4	2	0	1	84	6	1413
2018	Indigenous	51	25	17	7	0	0	0	77	7	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	52	28	11	5	3	0	1	81	8	1121

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	59	21	7	5	6	3	0	81	11	65
2022	First Nations	67	12	4	0	8	9	0	87	9	20
2022	Métis	53	25	8	7	7	0	0	79	14	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	66	16	7	4	4	0	2	84	8	2065
2020	Indigenous	41	27	7	11	9	0	6	72	21	52
2020	Métis	37	22	10	10	13	0	8	64	25	36
2020	Non-Indigenous	65	17	8	4	5	0	1	83	9	1395
2019	Indigenous	50	17	12	11	8	0	2	67	20	53
2019	Métis	34	22	15	14	11	0	2	58	26	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	20	10	7	4	0	1	79	11	1405
2018	Indigenous	51	15	12	10	12	0	0	66	22	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	23	14	7	7	0	1	72	14	1123

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	13	2	3	0	0	25	93	4	65
2022	First Nations	49	12	8	4	0	0	27	84	6	20
2022	Métis	58	11	2	2	0	0	27	95	3	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	65	10	4	1	1	0	18	93	3	2070
2020	Indigenous	57	3	0	7	0	2	31	89	11	52
2020	Métis	55	4	0	10	0	0	31	85	15	36
2020	Non-Indigenous	62	12	4	1	1	0	19	92	3	1391
2019	Indigenous	63	6	6	2	2	0	21	88	4	52
2019	Métis	64	7	11	0	3	0	16	84	3	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	14	4	2	1	0	22	91	4	1404
2018	Indigenous	40	9	8	2	0	0	41	83	4	41
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	15	6	1	1	0	28	89	4	1117

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	15	7	5	2	0	16	84	8	65
2022	First Nations	69	16	5	0	0	0	10	94	0	20
2022	Métis	50	15	7	7	3	0	17	80	11	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	72	14	5	2	1	1	5	92	3	2065
2020	Indigenous	58	19	12	0	2	0	10	85	2	54
2020	Métis	55	21	14	0	2	0	8	82	2	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	69	19	5	2	1	0	3	91	3	1401
2019	Indigenous	74	14	7	0	4	0	2	89	4	52
2019	Métis	74	13	7	0	7	0	0	87	7	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	70	18	6	1	1	0	4	92	2	1411
2018	Indigenous	63	22	10	3	0	0	2	87	3	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	63	21	8	2	1	0	6	89	3	1119

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	21	4	7	6	0	6	82	14	65
2022	First Nations	57	17	5	5	4	0	12	84	9	20
2022	Métis	56	23	3	8	7	0	4	81	16	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	16	9	7	13	1	2	70	20	2075
2020	Indigenous	68	15	7	3	4	0	2	85	8	53
2020	Métis	67	17	10	0	4	0	2	86	4	37
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	17	8	5	4	0	2	82	10	1401
2019	Indigenous	66	12	7	0	13	0	2	80	13	52
2019	Métis	69	20	0	0	11	0	0	89	11	31
2019	Non-Indigenous	67	15	6	4	5	0	3	85	8	1415
2018	Indigenous	71	11	9	5	4	0	0	82	9	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	66	16	5	4	5	0	3	85	10	1122

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	38	19	5	6	5	69	12	65
2022	First Nations	31	32	16	4	5	12	72	10	20
2022	Métis	25	42	19	5	7	2	68	12	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	28	14	4	3	3	79	7	2075
2020	Indigenous	38	33	17	7	2	3	73	9	54
2020	Métis	41	32	17	6	0	4	76	6	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	30	16	5	3	1	75	8	1398
2019	Indigenous	44	31	18	5	1	1	75	6	53
2019	Métis	47	26	19	8	0	0	73	8	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	30	13	4	2	2	81	6	1408
2018	Indigenous	43	37	11	7	2	0	80	9	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	30	15	4	2	2	78	7	1121

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	4	28	38	19	11	32	30	65
2022	First Nations	5	40	26	25	4	45	29	20
2022	Métis	4	24	37	20	15	28	35	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	29	40	15	6	38	21	2075
2020	Indigenous	8	29	38	20	4	37	24	54
2020	Métis	9	21	40	24	6	30	30	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	27	37	18	9	37	27	1399
2019	Indigenous	3	45	26	17	8	48	25	53
2019	Métis	5	33	33	21	7	38	28	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	40	33	11	4	53	14	1425
2018	Indigenous	10	27	49	10	4	37	14	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	31	38	16	4	42	20	1124

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	33	31	21	3	24	44	65
2022	First Nations	12	16	48	19	5	25	28	20
2022	Métis	13	40	26	19	2	21	53	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	20	38	20	10	29	32	2075
2020	Indigenous	15	29	32	19	5	24	44	54
2020	Métis	15	34	27	20	4	25	48	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	23	36	17	6	23	41	1385
2019	Indigenous	14	18	34	24	10	35	32	51
2019	Métis	13	22	40	17	9	25	35	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	16	40	24	10	34	26	1413
2018	Indigenous	15	17	38	14	15	30	32	42
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	21	40	20	8	29	31	1105

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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	47	14	0	65
2022	First Nations	33	46	21	0	20
2022	Métis	40	45	15	0	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	52	16	1	2075
2020	Indigenous	29	41	28	2	54
2020	Métis	30	37	33	0	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	47	20	2	1403

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	65	25
2022	Métis	34	66	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	53	620
2020	Indigenous	42	58	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	69	451

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	15	20	6	11	0	14	56	20	65
2022	First Nations	50	18	15	0	0	0	17	82	0	20
2022	Métis	25	18	22	8	15	0	11	49	27	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	17	10	5	5	3	18	75	12	2075
2020	Indigenous	49	15	18	8	5	0	6	67	13	54
2020	Métis	44	11	25	11	4	0	4	58	16	38
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	20	13	6	6	2	10	71	14	1397
2019	Indigenous	42	7	22	13	10	0	6	52	25	53
2019	Métis	35	5	27	19	11	0	2	41	32	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	20	15	11	11	1	7	60	24	1399
2018	Indigenous	38	17	10	9	25	0	2	56	34	41
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	18	15	11	13	2	8	57	26	1126

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	18	0	21	39	0	4	37	63	25
2022	Métis	11	24	0	18	48	0	0	34	66	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	25	11	23	25	1	5	38	51	625
2020	Indigenous	0	9	20	35	25	0	11	10	68	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	16	18	23	28	1	5	27	54	451

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	11	26	12	36	3	0	25	49	25
2022	Métis	5	14	31	4	43	4	0	20	48	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	21	14	20	32	2	4	29	56	620
2020	Indigenous	9	14	9	32	36	0	0	23	68	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	16	12	27	35	1	3	22	65	450

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Public Health Agency of Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources