2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for National Research Council Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Employee engagement
- Employee engagement
Leadership
- Immediate supervisor
- Senior management
Workforce
Workplace
Workplace well-being
Compensation
- Pay or other compensation issues
- Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Top of page

Employee engagement

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	20	17	5	8	70	13	30
2022	First Nations	56	17	27	0	0	73	0	10
2022	Métis	44	28	13	0	15	72	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	38	10	6	3	80	10	2580
2020	Indigenous	58	28	6	5	3	86	8	33
2020	First Nations	81	9	10	0	0	90	0	10
2020	Métis	51	32	4	8	5	83	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	37	9	6	3	82	8	2530
2019	Indigenous	48	29	2	11	10	77	21	38
2019	First Nations	38	48	0	0	13	87	13	10
2019	Métis	53	20	0	17	10	73	27	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	37	11	7	3	80	9	2411
2018	Indigenous	53	21	12	9	5	74	14	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	42	10	7	3	80	10	1725

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	11	17	12	4	67	16	30
2022	First Nations	56	0	26	18	0	56	18	10
2022	Métis	58	22	13	0	7	80	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	36	12	9	5	74	14	2580
2020	Indigenous	47	31	14	0	8	78	8	33
2020	First Nations	44	46	10	0	0	90	0	10
2020	Métis	52	21	13	0	13	73	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	38	13	7	4	76	11	2527
2019	Indigenous	35	39	2	9	14	75	23	38
2019	First Nations	30	48	0	9	13	78	22	10
2019	Métis	39	34	0	11	16	73	27	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	38	13	9	5	73	14	2404
2018	Indigenous	28	50	10	8	3	78	12	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	38	15	11	6	68	16	1722

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	24	7	8	0	85	8	30
2022	First Nations	64	18	18	0	0	82	0	10
2022	Métis	61	24	0	15	0	85	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	32	8	2	1	89	3	2580
2020	Indigenous	64	26	3	0	6	91	6	33
2020	First Nations	81	9	10	0	0	90	0	10
2020	Métis	57	34	0	0	10	90	10	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	32	7	2	1	90	3	2520
2019	Indigenous	67	16	8	8	0	83	8	38
2019	First Nations	61	39	0	0	0	100	0	10
2019	Métis	73	4	13	10	0	77	10	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	32	8	3	1	89	4	2396
2018	Indigenous	60	28	0	12	0	88	12	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	55	34	8	2	1	89	4	1717

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	64	10	15	11	0	74	11	30
2022	First Nations	64	9	18	9	0	73	9	10
2022	Métis	66	13	5	15	0	80	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	37	9	4	2	85	6	2580
2020	Indigenous	69	19	0	9	3	88	12	33
2020	First Nations	73	17	0	10	0	90	10	10
2020	Métis	68	18	0	9	4	87	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	35	7	3	1	88	5	2530
2019	Indigenous	58	16	13	2	10	75	12	38
2019	First Nations	72	14	0	0	13	87	13	10
2019	Métis	54	19	14	3	10	73	13	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	37	9	4	1	86	5	2411
2018	Indigenous	52	28	7	10	3	79	14	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	39	10	4	2	83	6	1729

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	26	7	4	4	86	7	30
2022	First Nations	43	37	11	0	9	80	9	10
2022	Métis	80	8	5	7	0	88	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	31	12	6	4	77	10	2580
2020	Indigenous	73	18	3	3	3	91	6	32
2020	First Nations	81	19	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	70	15	6	4	5	85	9	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	30	11	3	2	84	6	2525
2019	Indigenous	54	21	8	7	10	75	17	38
2019	First Nations	65	22	0	0	13	87	13	10
2019	Métis	51	16	12	11	10	67	21	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	31	13	6	3	77	10	2404
2018	Indigenous	37	29	16	8	10	66	18	24
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	33	18	7	4	71	11	1712

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	34	12	4	4	81	7	30
2022	First Nations	35	44	11	0	9	80	9	10
2022	Métis	61	27	5	7	0	88	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	34	12	7	5	76	11	2580
2020	Indigenous	68	20	0	9	3	88	12	33
2020	First Nations	81	9	0	10	0	90	10	10
2020	Métis	67	19	0	9	4	87	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	35	10	4	2	83	7	2511
2019	Indigenous	50	27	14	5	4	77	9	38
2019	First Nations	65	22	13	0	0	87	0	10
2019	Métis	48	25	12	8	7	73	15	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	35	14	7	3	76	10	2398
2018	Indigenous	37	33	11	13	6	70	19	24
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	37	18	9	3	70	12	1710

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	16	16	10	7	3	0	66	18	30
2022	First Nations	43	15	6	19	9	8	0	63	30	10
2022	Métis	58	14	16	5	7	0	0	72	12	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	25	14	8	6	3	1	70	15	2580
2020	Indigenous	66	8	8	9	3	6	0	79	12	33
2020	First Nations	62	9	9	10	0	10	0	79	11	10
2020	Métis	72	5	9	9	4	0	0	78	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	25	14	6	3	3	1	76	9	2531
2019	Indigenous	42	28	9	9	11	2	0	71	20	38
2019	First Nations	40	60	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2019	Métis	42	12	14	14	17	0	0	55	31	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	25	16	9	5	3	1	70	14	2405
2018	Indigenous	27	28	16	17	12	0	0	55	29	24
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	27	19	9	6	2	0	65	16	1720

Top of page

Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	65	19	0	4	4	4	5	92	8	30
2022	First Nations	74	17	0	0	9	0	0	91	9	10
2022	Métis	55	19	0	7	0	8	11	91	9	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	29	11	4	2	1	3	82	7	2580
2020	Indigenous	75	7	9	6	0	3	0	85	6	33
2020	First Nations	80	10	0	0	0	10	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	71	5	14	10	0	0	0	77	10	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	29	13	4	2	1	2	81	6	2527
2019	Indigenous	53	23	8	10	6	0	0	76	17	38
2019	First Nations	33	32	13	9	13	0	0	65	22	10
2019	Métis	63	15	6	12	4	0	0	78	16	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	28	12	4	2	1	2	81	7	2407

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	59	27	3	9	3	0	0	86	11	30
2022	First Nations	75	8	8	9	0	0	0	83	9	10
2022	Métis	53	32	0	10	5	0	0	85	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	31	10	5	3	1	0	81	9	2580
2020	Indigenous	69	22	3	3	3	0	0	91	6	33
2020	First Nations	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	56	30	4	5	4	0	0	86	10	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	31	10	5	3	0	1	81	9	2527
2019	Indigenous	50	27	11	2	10	0	0	77	12	38
2019	First Nations	24	32	31	0	13	0	0	56	13	10
2019	Métis	62	25	0	3	10	0	0	87	13	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	31	11	7	4	1	1	78	10	2402
2018	Indigenous	42	28	7	20	3	0	0	70	23	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	32	12	9	5	0	0	73	14	1726

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	76	18	4	3	0	94	3	30
2022	First Nations	77	14	9	0	0	91	0	10
2022	Métis	75	20	0	5	0	95	5	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	26	8	5	4	83	9	2580
2020	Indigenous	79	11	7	0	3	91	3	33
2020	First Nations	81	19	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	77	8	10	0	4	85	4	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	26	8	5	3	84	7	2534
2019	Indigenous	58	21	8	2	10	80	12	38
2019	First Nations	56	17	13	0	13	73	13	10
2019	Métis	61	22	4	3	10	83	13	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	26	10	6	3	81	9	2407
2018	Indigenous	51	21	10	18	0	72	18	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	29	12	7	6	74	13	1724

Senior management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	13	19	11	7	10	0	59	20	30
2022	First Nations	23	15	25	17	9	12	0	43	29	10
2022	Métis	57	14	13	9	7	0	0	71	16	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	30	14	6	4	7	0	74	11	2580
2020	Indigenous	66	17	11	3	2	0	0	83	6	33
2020	First Nations	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	51	26	14	5	4	0	0	77	9	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	30	11	4	3	6	0	81	7	2530
2019	Indigenous	30	32	14	20	4	0	0	62	24	36
2019	First Nations	47	25	0	28	0	0	0	72	28	10
2019	Métis	24	36	19	14	7	0	0	60	21	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	29	16	6	3	8	1	72	10	2402
2018	Indigenous	38	28	22	7	3	2	0	67	11	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	33	17	9	4	8	0	67	14	1732

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	26	10	14	10	4	0	64	26	30
2022	First Nations	16	28	19	17	9	12	0	50	29	10
2022	Métis	52	19	0	16	13	0	0	71	29	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	33	15	10	7	2	0	67	18	2580
2020	Indigenous	51	29	11	3	5	0	0	80	8	33
2020	First Nations	73	27	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	37	32	18	5	8	0	0	69	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	33	13	6	4	2	0	76	11	2527
2019	Indigenous	17	41	24	11	8	0	0	57	19	37
2019	First Nations	8	47	18	28	0	0	0	55	28	10
2019	Métis	20	40	22	4	13	0	0	60	17	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	31	17	12	6	3	1	64	18	2396
2018	Indigenous	25	36	22	4	10	2	0	63	15	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	32	21	14	8	3	0	56	23	1729

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	26	11	12	15	10	0	58	30	30
2022	First Nations	7	29	28	16	9	12	0	41	28	10
2022	Métis	41	30	0	7	22	0	0	71	29	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	31	20	14	8	5	0	56	23	2580
2020	Indigenous	35	30	23	6	0	6	0	69	6	33
2020	First Nations	52	29	9	0	0	10	0	90	0	10
2020	Métis	30	25	32	9	0	4	0	57	10	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	34	18	10	5	5	0	66	16	2526
2019	Indigenous	7	38	24	22	8	0	0	45	31	37
2019	First Nations	0	38	25	37	0	0	0	38	37	10
2019	Métis	12	37	19	19	13	0	0	48	32	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	29	22	14	8	6	1	52	24	2394
2018	Indigenous	15	34	34	7	7	2	0	51	15	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	27	25	19	10	5	0	43	31	1727

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	23	8	26	10	4	54	37	30
2022	First Nations	13	23	8	36	9	12	41	50	10
2022	Métis	41	28	11	7	13	0	69	20	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	35	17	13	8	3	60	22	2580
2020	Indigenous	38	27	12	18	2	3	67	21	33
2020	First Nations	52	27	10	0	0	10	89	0	10
2020	Métis	34	25	9	28	4	0	59	32	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	37	17	11	5	2	66	17	2531
2019	Indigenous	7	29	30	22	11	0	37	33	37
2019	First Nations	0	17	53	30	0	0	17	30	10
2019	Métis	12	33	16	22	18	0	44	40	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	32	19	18	9	3	52	28	2405
2018	Indigenous	16	26	36	8	14	0	42	23	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	28	21	23	14	2	41	38	1731

Top of page

Workforce

Performance management

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	25	12	10	12	65	22	30
2022	First Nations	32	24	9	26	9	56	35	10
2022	Métis	50	25	18	0	7	75	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	36	15	10	7	68	17	2580
2020	Indigenous	41	34	11	8	6	75	15	33
2020	First Nations	44	38	0	9	10	81	19	10
2020	Métis	43	35	9	9	4	78	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	39	14	10	5	71	15	2532
2019	Indigenous	25	36	19	4	15	61	20	38
2019	First Nations	21	34	23	9	13	55	22	10
2019	Métis	27	42	10	3	18	69	21	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	36	16	12	6	66	18	2407
2018	Indigenous	15	42	16	12	14	57	26	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	34	21	15	9	56	23	1728

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	28	16	12	4	67	16	30
2022	First Nations	59	14	18	9	0	73	9	10
2022	Métis	21	45	19	7	8	66	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	45	10	8	4	79	11	2580
2020	Indigenous	49	39	9	0	3	88	3	33
2020	First Nations	46	44	10	0	0	90	0	10
2020	Métis	55	32	9	0	4	87	4	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	43	11	8	3	78	11	2516
2019	Indigenous	33	46	8	9	4	80	13	38
2019	First Nations	37	63	0	0	0	100	0	10
2019	Métis	33	38	8	14	6	72	20	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	41	13	10	3	74	13	2401
2018	Indigenous	31	45	12	5	7	75	12	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	42	16	12	5	68	17	1729

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	32	6	7	3	0	84	10	30
2022	First Nations	69	22	0	9	0	0	91	9	10
2022	Métis	44	31	13	7	5	0	75	12	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	33	10	7	4	0	79	11	2585
2020	Indigenous	68	24	6	3	0	0	92	3	33
2020	First Nations	62	38	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	68	19	9	4	0	0	87	4	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	32	12	6	3	0	79	10	2525
2019	Indigenous	52	16	17	2	10	3	70	12	38
2019	First Nations	25	16	45	0	13	0	42	13	10
2019	Métis	65	14	4	3	10	4	83	14	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	32	13	8	4	1	76	11	2404
2018	Indigenous	37	35	10	14	4	0	72	18	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	36	13	11	5	0	71	17	1729

Job fit and development

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	23	23	4	4	0	0	70	7	30
2022	First Nations	47	16	28	9	0	0	0	63	9	10
2022	Métis	51	29	13	0	7	0	0	80	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	40	12	8	3	0	1	76	12	2575
2020	Indigenous	46	31	14	6	3	0	0	77	9	33
2020	First Nations	63	18	9	0	10	0	0	81	10	10
2020	Métis	38	39	18	5	0	0	0	77	5	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	40	13	7	2	0	1	78	9	2519
2019	Indigenous	52	23	5	17	4	0	0	74	20	38
2019	First Nations	53	16	9	22	0	0	0	69	22	10
2019	Métis	52	26	4	12	6	0	0	78	18	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	40	13	10	4	0	0	73	14	2400
2018	Indigenous	33	31	4	15	15	2	0	65	31	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	44	13	13	5	0	1	69	18	1729

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	65	20	6	4	4	0	3	87	7	30
2022	First Nations	69	7	8	9	0	0	8	82	10	10
2022	Métis	70	18	5	0	7	0	0	88	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	25	11	6	4	1	1	79	10	2585
2020	Indigenous	71	12	5	9	0	2	0	85	10	33
2020	First Nations	71	29	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	69	4	8	15	0	4	0	76	15	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	25	13	5	4	1	1	79	8	2523

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	16	11	18	10	5	59	29	30
2022	First Nations	34	8	20	29	9	0	41	38	10
2022	Métis	46	11	6	14	12	11	64	29	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	32	18	14	10	2	57	25	2585
2020	Indigenous	35	36	9	8	9	3	74	18	33
2020	First Nations	52	19	0	9	10	10	79	21	10
2020	Métis	29	44	13	4	9	0	73	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	35	19	13	7	3	61	20	2527
2019	Indigenous	18	38	13	16	13	3	57	30	38
2019	First Nations	16	22	23	25	13	0	38	39	10
2019	Métis	21	47	4	10	14	4	71	26	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	31	19	15	9	2	56	25	2404
2018	Indigenous	7	34	35	9	16	0	41	24	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	29	21	20	13	2	45	34	1726

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	27	4	4	4	3	8	86	9	30
2022	First Nations	31	29	11	0	0	8	21	84	0	10
2022	Métis	63	22	0	7	8	0	0	85	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	26	10	4	3	1	5	82	7	2580
2020	Indigenous	55	20	15	6	3	0	0	75	9	33
2020	First Nations	81	19	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	39	22	24	10	5	0	0	61	15	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	24	12	4	2	0	3	81	6	2534
2019	Indigenous	53	14	13	8	2	5	4	74	11	38
2019	First Nations	47	25	0	13	0	0	14	84	16	10
2019	Métis	60	11	18	4	3	4	0	74	7	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	25	11	4	1	0	4	83	5	2404

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	17	8	6	7	6	8	77	14	30
2022	First Nations	31	11	7	15	8	8	21	59	31	10
2022	Métis	63	15	10	0	7	5	0	82	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	23	14	6	3	2	5	75	9	2580
2020	Indigenous	69	16	6	3	3	0	3	87	7	33
2020	First Nations	90	0	0	10	0	0	0	90	10	10
2020	Métis	60	26	10	0	5	0	0	85	5	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	24	14	5	2	2	3	78	7	2528
2019	Indigenous	51	22	11	10	6	0	0	73	17	38
2019	First Nations	46	9	37	9	0	0	0	55	9	10
2019	Métis	51	31	0	8	10	0	0	82	18	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	24	16	6	3	2	3	73	10	2404

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	65	17	3	0	0	10	4	96	0	30
2022	First Nations	55	12	9	0	0	16	9	89	0	10
2022	Métis	66	26	0	0	0	9	0	100	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	9	4	2	3	4	6	90	5	2580
2020	Indigenous	78	11	12	0	0	0	0	88	0	33
2020	First Nations	91	9	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	73	8	19	0	0	0	0	81	0	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	79	8	3	2	1	3	4	93	3	2522
2019	Indigenous	82	9	9	0	0	0	0	91	0	37
2019	First Nations	70	16	13	0	0	0	0	87	0	10
2019	Métis	89	7	4	0	0	0	0	96	0	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	76	8	5	2	2	4	5	91	4	2397

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	72	10	4	0	3	3	8	92	3	30
2022	First Nations	52	20	0	0	0	8	20	100	0	10
2022	Métis	81	5	8	0	5	0	0	87	5	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	74	8	3	1	1	2	11	94	2	2580
2020	Indigenous	82	12	6	0	0	0	0	94	0	33
2020	First Nations	90	10	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	77	14	9	0	0	0	0	91	0	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	75	11	4	1	1	2	7	94	2	2531
2019	Indigenous	84	9	4	0	0	0	2	96	0	38
2019	First Nations	91	9	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2019	Métis	83	10	3	0	0	0	4	97	0	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	78	6	3	1	1	3	9	96	2	2392

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	22	6	22	21	10	0	46	48	30
2022	First Nations	22	0	0	33	33	12	0	25	75	10
2022	Métis	15	28	11	19	15	11	0	49	38	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	29	13	16	17	2	4	50	36	2585
2020	Indigenous	28	24	8	26	15	0	0	52	40	33
2020	First Nations	44	0	8	38	10	0	0	44	48	10
2020	Métis	22	38	8	14	18	0	0	60	32	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	27	17	15	15	3	4	50	32	2534
2019	Indigenous	16	27	15	12	26	0	4	45	40	38
2019	First Nations	21	9	9	25	22	0	14	35	55	10
2019	Métis	15	37	12	7	29	0	0	52	36	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	25	16	16	17	3	3	47	35	2407
2018	Indigenous	16	22	25	16	17	3	0	40	34	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	23	16	21	22	2	1	39	44	1727

Empowerment

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	26	12	11	9	68	20	30
2022	First Nations	32	32	18	18	0	64	18	10
2022	Métis	54	21	10	8	7	74	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	39	12	8	6	74	14	2570
2020	Indigenous	64	24	3	0	9	88	9	32
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	39	12	8	3	77	11	2524
2019	Indigenous	38	32	13	8	9	71	17	38
2019	First Nations	22	50	28	0	0	72	0	10
2019	Métis	45	28	0	13	14	73	27	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	39	14	8	4	73	13	2397
2018	Indigenous	47	32	8	14	0	79	14	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	41	13	11	6	70	17	1724

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	20	13	7	9	72	16	30
2022	First Nations	41	15	26	9	9	56	18	10
2022	Métis	60	28	5	7	0	88	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	35	12	7	5	77	11	2580
2020	Indigenous	71	15	6	2	6	86	8	33
2020	First Nations	71	29	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	77	4	5	4	10	81	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	35	12	7	3	78	10	2523
2019	Indigenous	50	23	6	14	6	73	21	38
2019	First Nations	55	17	14	13	0	72	13	10
2019	Métis	49	24	0	17	10	73	27	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	33	14	7	4	74	11	2407
2018	Indigenous	50	32	8	6	4	83	9	25
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	36	14	11	4	71	15	1719

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	54	23	13	11	0	0	0	76	11	30
2022	First Nations	49	16	26	9	0	0	0	65	9	10
2022	Métis	58	22	5	15	0	0	0	80	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	37	14	8	5	1	1	73	13	2580
2020	Indigenous	54	34	3	7	3	0	0	88	9	33
2020	First Nations	44	46	0	10	0	0	0	90	10	10
2020	Métis	63	23	4	5	4	0	0	87	10	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	42	13	6	2	0	0	79	8	2511
2019	Indigenous	38	32	17	10	3	0	0	70	13	38
2019	First Nations	46	26	28	0	0	0	0	72	0	10
2019	Métis	36	36	8	16	4	0	0	72	20	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	40	15	8	3	0	0	73	11	2380
2018	Indigenous	30	44	8	14	3	0	0	74	17	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	38	18	14	5	0	1	63	19	1723

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	24	13	23	4	0	0	61	27	30
2022	First Nations	26	24	13	28	9	0	0	51	37	10
2022	Métis	47	24	15	14	0	0	0	71	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	41	18	8	5	3	1	68	13	2580
2020	Indigenous	52	37	5	2	3	0	0	89	6	33
2020	First Nations	54	46	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	55	31	4	4	5	0	0	87	9	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	43	16	7	2	3	0	74	9	2528
2019	Indigenous	20	48	17	10	5	0	0	68	14	38
2019	First Nations	22	50	14	13	0	0	0	72	13	10
2019	Métis	19	50	14	9	8	0	0	69	17	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	43	19	8	3	2	1	69	12	2402
2018	Indigenous	20	48	18	9	5	0	0	68	14	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	39	23	10	5	3	0	60	16	1729

Work-life balance and workload

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	51	36	6	3	4	0	0	87	7	30
2022	First Nations	50	33	16	0	0	0	0	84	0	10
2022	Métis	58	29	0	6	7	0	0	87	13	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	32	10	6	4	0	0	79	11	2580
2020	Indigenous	68	17	0	3	9	0	3	88	12	33
2020	First Nations	64	9	0	9	10	0	9	79	21	10
2020	Métis	68	23	0	0	10	0	0	90	10	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	33	10	8	3	0	0	79	11	2527
2019	Indigenous	50	18	6	12	10	4	0	71	23	38
2019	First Nations	47	16	0	9	13	14	0	74	26	10
2019	Métis	52	21	6	12	10	0	0	72	22	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	30	12	7	3	0	0	78	10	2401
2018	Indigenous	39	30	15	9	3	4	0	72	13	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	34	13	7	4	0	1	76	11	1723

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	38	11	4	3	0	3	81	7	30
2022	First Nations	43	41	8	0	8	0	0	84	8	10
2022	Métis	42	33	10	8	0	0	6	80	9	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	35	18	10	6	0	1	66	16	2585
2020	Indigenous	36	41	13	6	3	0	0	77	9	33
2020	First Nations	64	18	0	9	10	0	0	81	19	10
2020	Métis	25	49	21	5	0	0	0	74	5	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	37	18	10	6	0	0	66	16	2525
2019	Indigenous	32	37	11	13	4	3	0	71	18	38
2019	First Nations	40	36	16	8	0	0	0	76	8	10
2019	Métis	30	38	10	11	7	4	0	71	18	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	35	18	9	5	0	0	68	14	2402
2018	Indigenous	42	23	32	0	4	0	0	64	4	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	35	20	12	6	0	1	61	18	1732

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	84	9	6	0	0	0	0	94	0	30
2022	First Nations	75	17	8	0	0	0	0	92	0	10
2022	Métis	93	0	7	0	0	0	0	93	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	66	23	5	2	2	1	1	91	4	2580

Mobility and retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	42	15	30
2022	First Nations	38	31	31	10
2022	Métis	46	48	6	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	46	25	2585
2020	Indigenous	16	63	21	33
2020	First Nations	0	67	33	10
2020	Métis	21	62	17	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	58	29	2535
2019	Indigenous	22	33	45	38
2019	First Nations	29	18	54	10
2019	Métis	21	44	35	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	52	29	2412
2018	Indigenous	27	35	38	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	56	29	1731

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes, to retire (%)	Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Yes, other reason Specify other reason (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	47	30	0	10	12	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	21	16	10	21	6	685

Top of page

Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	71	12	0	13	4	84	16	30
2022	First Nations	67	24	0	9	0	91	9	10
2022	Métis	80	5	0	8	7	85	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	38	9	5	1	85	6	2575
2020	Indigenous	63	31	3	0	3	94	3	33
2020	First Nations	81	19	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	54	36	5	0	4	90	4	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	38	8	4	1	86	6	2516
2019	Indigenous	46	32	9	9	4	78	13	37
2019	First Nations	53	34	13	0	0	87	0	10
2019	Métis	42	29	8	14	6	71	21	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	39	12	6	2	81	8	2400
2018	Indigenous	41	42	12	5	0	83	5	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	42	10	5	2	82	7	1730

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	45	6	4	4	0	87	7	30
2022	First Nations	40	42	9	0	9	0	82	9	10
2022	Métis	46	42	5	7	0	0	88	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	45	15	8	4	1	73	12	2580
2020	Indigenous	51	34	12	3	0	0	85	3	32
2020	First Nations	54	46	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	53	23	19	5	0	0	76	5	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	42	14	7	2	1	77	9	2532
2019	Indigenous	32	44	17	5	3	0	76	8	37
2019	First Nations	21	57	22	0	0	0	78	0	10
2019	Métis	39	32	16	8	4	0	71	13	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	42	16	8	3	1	72	12	2408
2018	Indigenous	25	62	7	6	0	0	87	6	25
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	42	19	12	4	1	65	16	1724

Organizational performance

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	25	22	28	8	0	4	38	39	30
2022	First Nations	20	24	16	22	6	0	12	32	50	10
2022	Métis	8	20	27	34	11	0	0	45	28	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	23	37	21	9	0	2	31	31	2580
2020	Indigenous	0	26	41	24	9	0	0	33	26	33
2020	First Nations	0	19	29	42	10	0	0	52	19	10
2020	Métis	0	27	47	17	8	0	0	26	27	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	23	39	23	9	1	1	32	29	2530
2019	Indigenous	8	19	40	20	11	3	0	32	28	38
2019	First Nations	0	15	48	13	23	0	0	37	15	10
2019	Métis	13	16	35	26	6	4	0	34	30	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	25	38	20	8	1	1	28	33	2405
2018	Indigenous	10	33	21	26	11	0	0	37	43	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	30	36	17	4	1	1	21	42	1726

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	14	44	17	7	0	4	25	29	30
2022	First Nations	9	17	35	21	7	0	12	32	29	10
2022	Métis	21	15	49	7	8	0	0	15	36	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	25	32	16	8	1	4	25	41	2580
2020	Indigenous	3	18	40	18	22	0	0	39	21	33
2020	First Nations	0	17	28	28	27	0	0	55	17	10
2020	Métis	4	20	41	14	21	0	0	35	24	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	22	33	21	9	1	2	31	35	2525
2019	Indigenous	9	22	40	9	20	0	0	29	31	38
2019	First Nations	8	25	22	9	37	0	0	45	32	10
2019	Métis	10	24	43	8	14	0	0	22	34	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	26	30	16	9	2	2	26	43	2402
2018	Indigenous	5	25	32	26	12	0	0	38	30	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	26	30	15	6	1	1	21	48	1718

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	4	13	36	25	18	0	4	45	18	30
2022	First Nations	0	17	14	23	35	0	12	65	19	10
2022	Métis	7	14	39	33	8	0	0	41	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	12	34	31	15	1	3	48	17	2570
2020	Indigenous	0	11	31	44	11	3	0	57	11	33
2020	First Nations	0	9	29	27	25	10	0	58	10	10
2020	Métis	0	9	34	53	4	0	0	57	9	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	12	32	35	15	0	1	51	16	2522
2019	Indigenous	7	11	39	12	28	3	0	41	18	38
2019	First Nations	0	16	38	0	45	0	0	45	16	10
2019	Métis	11	10	31	19	24	4	0	45	22	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	13	35	30	16	1	1	47	17	2392
2018	Indigenous	4	15	49	13	18	2	0	31	20	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	18	36	27	10	1	2	38	25	1719

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	17	17	20	18	5	4	42	39	30
2022	First Nations	6	8	14	32	28	0	12	68	16	10
2022	Métis	21	28	17	9	15	11	0	26	55	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	21	27	20	12	1	4	34	38	2575
2020	Indigenous	6	17	21	33	19	3	0	54	24	32
2020	First Nations	0	19	9	29	33	10	0	69	21	10
2020	Métis	10	13	26	37	13	0	0	51	23	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	19	28	24	15	1	2	41	30	2523
2019	Indigenous	4	28	31	12	20	5	0	34	34	38
2019	First Nations	0	38	16	9	37	0	0	45	38	10
2019	Métis	7	23	32	16	14	8	0	32	33	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	19	29	22	14	1	2	37	33	2399
2018	Indigenous	2	34	39	13	12	0	0	25	36	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	25	29	17	7	1	2	24	46	1727

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	11	8	41	23	3	4	69	22	30
2022	First Nations	8	8	6	32	28	8	12	74	19	10
2022	Métis	13	10	12	41	24	0	0	64	24	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	12	22	27	24	4	7	57	19	2575
2020	Indigenous	0	3	29	29	39	0	0	67	3	33
2020	First Nations	0	0	25	31	44	0	0	75	0	10
2020	Métis	0	5	26	30	39	0	0	69	5	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	2	7	19	35	30	3	3	69	10	2518
2019	Indigenous	2	17	27	25	27	3	0	53	19	37
2019	Non-Indigenous	3	9	22	33	26	3	4	63	13	2391
2018	Indigenous	5	11	53	12	17	2	0	29	16	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	11	25	31	21	3	3	55	18	1709

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	24	24	19	4	5	4	26	48	30
2022	First Nations	15	25	15	22	11	0	12	38	45	10
2022	Métis	21	29	30	21	0	0	0	21	50	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	23	31	15	10	2	3	26	41	2575
2020	Indigenous	2	28	37	21	12	0	0	33	30	33
2020	First Nations	0	17	47	16	19	0	0	36	17	10
2020	Métis	4	31	31	25	9	0	0	34	35	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	22	32	21	10	2	2	33	34	2516
2019	Indigenous	11	23	31	6	18	8	3	28	37	38
2019	First Nations	8	38	18	0	28	0	9	30	50	10
2019	Métis	13	16	35	7	17	12	0	27	34	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	24	30	17	11	2	2	29	39	2395
2018	Indigenous	10	30	39	9	12	0	0	21	41	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	27	30	14	5	2	2	20	49	1725

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	12	30	21	14	5	4	38	28	30
2022	First Nations	0	24	22	31	11	0	12	48	27	10
2022	Métis	17	5	38	17	13	11	0	33	24	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	15	34	27	15	1	3	44	20	2575
2020	Indigenous	9	5	45	30	11	0	0	42	14	33
2020	First Nations	10	0	42	37	10	0	0	47	10	10
2020	Métis	9	8	45	25	13	0	0	38	17	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	15	35	30	13	0	1	43	21	2524
2019	Indigenous	11	16	36	13	25	0	0	38	26	38
2019	First Nations	8	31	16	22	23	0	0	45	38	10
2019	Métis	13	11	44	7	24	0	0	32	24	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	17	31	26	15	1	2	42	26	2403

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	19	22	21	8	10	43	32	30
2022	First Nations	15	17	23	19	15	12	35	38	10
2022	Métis	23	19	15	27	5	11	47	36	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	34	22	17	8	3	51	26	2575
2020	Indigenous	36	35	17	10	3	0	70	13	31
2020	First Nations	54	27	9	10	0	0	81	10	10
2020	Métis	29	33	22	11	4	0	62	16	19
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	37	21	13	4	3	62	17	2522
2019	Indigenous	4	49	30	13	4	0	53	17	38
2019	First Nations	13	34	45	8	0	0	47	8	10
2019	Métis	0	57	19	17	7	0	57	24	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	31	24	18	7	3	49	26	2394

Diversity and inclusion

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	73	13	8	4	4	0	85	7	30
2022	First Nations	75	8	9	0	9	0	82	9	10
2022	Métis	71	14	8	7	0	0	85	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	29	8	7	5	1	81	11	2580
2020	Indigenous	64	19	8	0	9	0	83	9	33
2020	First Nations	65	35	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	60	13	13	0	14	0	73	14	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	31	9	7	4	1	80	11	2524
2019	Indigenous	47	34	6	10	2	0	82	12	38
2019	First Nations	53	34	13	0	0	0	87	0	10
2019	Métis	44	35	4	12	4	0	80	16	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	29	10	9	4	0	77	13	2401
2018	Indigenous	39	24	15	12	9	2	64	21	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	32	11	11	6	1	72	17	1722

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	73	13	15	0	0	85	0	30
2022	First Nations	74	8	18	0	0	82	0	10
2022	Métis	71	14	15	0	0	85	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	30	6	5	2	87	7	2580
2020	Indigenous	69	17	8	6	0	86	6	33
2020	First Nations	73	19	0	9	0	91	9	10
2020	Métis	64	18	13	5	0	82	5	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	31	6	3	2	89	5	2517
2019	Indigenous	58	25	8	6	2	83	9	38
2019	First Nations	79	0	8	13	0	79	13	10
2019	Métis	53	33	6	4	4	86	8	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	33	8	5	2	86	7	2402
2018	Indigenous	48	20	14	12	7	67	19	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	38	7	6	2	85	8	1728

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	62	19	12	7	0	0	81	7	30
2022	First Nations	60	31	0	9	0	0	91	9	10
2022	Métis	71	9	13	7	0	0	80	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	36	8	4	2	1	85	6	2580
2020	Indigenous	68	21	3	9	0	0	88	9	32
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	37	10	3	1	1	85	5	2510
2019	Indigenous	49	40	5	4	2	0	89	6	38
2019	First Nations	65	28	8	0	0	0	92	0	10
2019	Métis	46	44	0	6	4	0	90	10	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	37	10	5	2	0	83	7	2402
2018	Indigenous	51	34	12	0	3	0	85	3	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	43	11	4	2	1	82	6	1730

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	24	13	11	0	0	76	11	30
2022	First Nations	35	30	18	17	0	0	65	17	10
2022	Métis	71	8	12	9	0	0	79	9	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	38	12	5	3	2	79	9	2580
2020	Indigenous	77	14	0	8	0	0	92	8	33
2020	First Nations	83	17	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	73	14	0	13	0	0	87	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	38	10	4	2	2	84	6	2520
2019	Indigenous	44	36	12	0	8	0	80	8	37
2019	First Nations	38	48	0	0	13	0	87	13	10
2019	Métis	48	32	14	0	7	0	79	7	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	38	12	5	2	2	81	7	2396
2018	Indigenous	25	49	5	12	2	6	80	15	24
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	41	13	5	1	1	80	6	1713

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	22	14	10	12	11	0	60	24	30
2022	First Nations	23	40	6	9	11	12	0	71	23	10
2022	Métis	39	7	14	13	15	13	0	53	32	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	37	13	5	2	6	1	78	7	2580
2020	Indigenous	69	19	3	6	0	3	0	91	6	33
2020	First Nations	64	17	9	0	0	10	0	90	0	10
2020	Métis	74	17	0	10	0	0	0	90	10	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	34	15	4	1	5	1	79	6	2524
2019	Indigenous	43	25	22	5	4	0	0	69	9	36
2019	First Nations	47	23	22	8	0	0	0	70	8	10
2019	Métis	45	25	19	4	7	0	0	70	11	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	33	16	4	1	4	1	78	6	2396
2018	Indigenous	18	30	26	13	2	6	4	54	17	24
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	37	18	5	2	4	0	74	8	1715

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	62	24	8	7	0	86	7	30
2022	First Nations	61	22	0	17	0	83	17	10
2022	Métis	71	14	15	0	0	85	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	33	7	4	2	87	6	2580
2020	Indigenous	72	20	2	3	3	92	6	33
2020	First Nations	91	9	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	64	23	4	5	4	87	10	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	60	30	6	2	1	90	4	2522
2019	Indigenous	46	43	3	2	6	89	8	38
2019	First Nations	47	39	0	0	13	87	13	10
2019	Métis	46	44	4	3	4	89	7	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	31	7	3	2	88	5	2403
2018	Indigenous	35	33	18	8	6	68	14	24
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	36	10	4	2	84	6	1708

Anti-racism

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	31	8	0	4	0	0	88	4	30
2022	First Nations	48	44	8	0	0	0	0	92	0	10
2022	Métis	66	22	5	0	7	0	0	88	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	28	11	6	3	6	4	78	10	2580

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	24	12	0	8	0	0	81	8	30
2022	First Nations	48	36	16	0	0	0	0	84	0	10
2022	Métis	66	14	5	0	15	0	0	80	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	29	11	6	3	6	4	78	10	2585

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	16	27	8	8	4	0	55	17	30
2022	First Nations	24	28	9	8	20	12	0	59	31	10
2022	Métis	47	5	47	0	0	0	0	53	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	24	21	8	3	13	2	63	13	2580
2020	Indigenous	60	17	14	8	0	0	0	78	8	33
2020	First Nations	64	27	9	0	0	0	0	91	0	10
2020	Métis	56	13	18	13	0	0	0	69	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	32	19	5	2	9	2	70	8	2533

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	26	6	4	4	0	3	86	8	30
2022	First Nations	50	23	9	11	0	0	8	78	12	10
2022	Métis	59	29	5	0	7	0	0	88	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	31	10	6	4	5	3	79	10	2580
2020	Indigenous	75	11	6	3	3	0	3	88	6	33
2020	First Nations	81	10	9	0	0	0	0	91	0	10
2020	Métis	73	12	5	4	5	0	0	85	10	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	29	11	5	2	5	2	81	8	2523

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	3	14	18	6	8	48	4	34	30	30
2022	First Nations	7	14	15	8	9	48	0	41	32	10
2022	Métis	0	11	24	7	9	42	8	22	31	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	16	26	4	3	37	5	43	12	2580

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	8	25	8	28	17	3	24	44	40
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	10	23	22	21	16	0	21	52	30

Ethical workplace

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	22	12	3	4	8	10	76	8	30
2022	First Nations	23	35	15	9	0	0	19	71	11	10
2022	Métis	47	11	13	0	7	17	5	74	9	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	32	17	7	6	7	5	66	15	2580
2020	Indigenous	43	27	8	15	0	3	3	75	16	33
2020	First Nations	44	9	19	10	0	10	9	64	13	10
2020	Métis	47	31	4	19	0	0	0	77	19	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	32	18	8	5	6	5	66	14	2528
2019	Indigenous	32	20	21	18	6	3	0	53	25	38
2019	First Nations	40	16	14	16	13	0	0	56	30	10
2019	Métis	29	24	24	14	4	4	0	56	19	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	30	17	9	5	5	4	65	15	2402
2018	Indigenous	20	35	14	9	15	2	4	59	26	24
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	33	22	12	6	6	3	56	20	1730

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	35	10	10	4	4	0	75	15	30
2022	First Nations	21	34	19	15	11	0	0	55	26	10
2022	Métis	52	27	5	8	0	8	0	85	9	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	33	16	9	5	4	2	68	15	2580
2020	Indigenous	62	20	7	11	0	0	0	81	11	33
2020	First Nations	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	43	31	12	14	0	0	0	74	14	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	36	14	9	3	4	2	73	13	2519
2019	Indigenous	31	42	13	9	2	0	3	75	12	38
2019	First Nations	34	25	28	13	0	0	0	59	13	10
2019	Métis	30	50	4	8	4	0	4	83	13	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	35	15	10	5	4	2	69	15	2403
2018	Indigenous	29	35	17	14	5	0	0	64	20	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	34	17	13	6	3	1	63	20	1723

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	31	13	17	0	0	70	17	30
2022	First Nations	35	22	14	29	0	0	57	29	10
2022	Métis	44	29	14	12	0	0	73	12	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	36	18	6	3	2	71	10	2580
2020	Indigenous	65	20	5	9	0	0	86	9	33
2020	First Nations	91	9	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	57	24	8	10	0	0	81	10	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	37	18	4	2	2	76	6	2518
2019	Indigenous	33	36	22	3	6	0	69	9	38
2019	First Nations	38	41	8	0	13	0	79	13	10
2019	Métis	32	35	24	4	4	0	68	8	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	35	20	7	3	3	69	10	2397
2018	Indigenous	25	46	24	3	2	0	71	5	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	35	26	10	3	2	61	13	1727

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	16	6	15	6	9	3	69	24	30
2022	First Nations	37	15	8	9	0	24	8	76	13	10
2022	Métis	54	5	6	23	12	0	0	59	35	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	23	19	11	10	12	3	53	24	2580
2020	Indigenous	49	11	12	11	11	6	0	64	24	32
2020	First Nations	64	0	9	10	0	17	0	77	12	10
2020	Métis	44	17	14	12	13	0	0	61	26	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	23	20	11	8	12	3	55	22	2528
2019	Indigenous	21	16	34	11	15	3	0	38	27	38
2019	First Nations	16	17	36	16	13	0	0	34	30	10
2019	Métis	23	18	27	10	18	4	0	42	29	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	21	21	14	10	12	2	48	28	2399
2018	Indigenous	12	27	7	25	16	13	0	45	47	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	22	21	17	13	10	2	42	34	1724

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	42	0	16	4	81	19	30
2022	First Nations	53	29	0	18	0	82	18	10
2022	Métis	25	51	0	18	7	75	25	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	48	5	10	4	81	14	2580
2020	Indigenous	38	48	0	10	3	86	14	33
2020	First Nations	24	67	0	9	0	91	9	10
2020	Métis	48	39	0	8	5	87	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	50	5	8	2	86	9	2533

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	24	3	15	3	0	79	18	30
2022	First Nations	61	30	9	0	0	0	91	0	10
2022	Métis	40	25	0	29	6	0	65	35	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	33	6	5	2	1	87	7	2580
2020	Indigenous	59	29	0	3	10	0	88	12	32
2020	First Nations	56	25	0	9	10	0	81	19	10
2020	Métis	58	32	0	0	10	0	90	10	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	41	10	10	2	0	78	12	2532
2019	Indigenous	42	30	8	13	6	0	72	19	38
2019	First Nations	39	39	0	9	13	0	78	22	10
2019	Métis	40	30	9	17	3	0	71	20	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	33	6	6	2	0	86	8	2405

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	35	9	4	4	84	8	30
2022	First Nations	49	31	11	0	9	80	9	10
2022	Métis	48	35	8	9	0	83	9	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	58	32	5	3	1	91	4	2575
2020	Indigenous	80	9	5	0	7	89	7	33
2020	First Nations	90	0	0	0	10	90	10	10
2020	Métis	78	13	4	0	5	91	5	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	35	7	5	1	87	6	2516
2019	Indigenous	72	15	6	3	4	87	6	38
2019	First Nations	62	25	0	0	13	87	13	10
2019	Métis	77	9	10	4	0	86	4	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	32	6	4	1	89	5	2390

Use of official languages

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	90	3	4	0	0	3	0	96	0	30
2022	First Nations	92	0	0	0	0	8	0	100	0	10
2022	Métis	87	5	8	0	0	0	0	92	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	69	21	4	3	1	1	1	91	5	2580
2020	Indigenous	91	9	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	33
2020	First Nations	91	9	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	90	10	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	74	17	4	3	1	0	1	92	4	2528

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	87	3	3	0	0	7	97	0	30
2022	First Nations	84	0	8	0	0	8	92	0	10
2022	Métis	91	0	0	0	0	9	100	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	78	10	3	2	3	4	92	5	2580
2019	Indigenous	81	6	6	3	4	0	87	6	38
2019	First Nations	72	14	0	0	13	0	87	13	10
2019	Métis	87	3	6	4	0	0	90	4	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	77	11	4	2	3	3	90	5	2397

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	36	8	0	6	4	4	85	6	30
2022	First Nations	23	43	15	0	8	0	12	75	9	10
2022	Métis	58	28	0	0	5	9	0	94	6	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	30	17	5	2	6	3	73	9	2580
2020	Indigenous	58	18	15	3	0	3	3	81	3	33
2020	First Nations	83	17	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	49	17	19	5	0	5	4	73	6	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	26	17	6	2	6	3	72	9	2533
2019	Indigenous	44	25	14	9	3	5	0	73	12	37
2019	First Nations	77	0	0	23	0	0	0	77	23	10
2019	Métis	28	36	20	3	4	8	0	70	8	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	26	15	6	3	9	2	73	10	2411

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	2580
2018	Indigenous	16	84	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1731

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	50	215

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	44	215

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	215

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	215

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	215

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	215

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	215

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	65	220

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	63	220

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	53	220

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	69	220

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	65	220

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	48	220

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	72	220

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	220

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	220

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	220

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	52	220

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	220

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	220

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	43	220

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	220

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	220

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	81	220

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	220

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	220

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	220

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	220

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	220

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	200

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	200

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	200

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	200

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	200

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	200

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	200

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	200

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	200

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	70	200

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	200

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	54	200

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	200

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	52	200

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	200

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	200

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	12	12	8	4	33	9	60	20	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	13	12	5	5	39	11	56	19	2580
2020	Indigenous	26	28	5	11	6	24	0	71	22	32
2020	First Nations	54	17	0	0	0	29	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	13	35	8	17	5	22	0	62	28	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	14	15	5	3	34	9	60	13	2529
2019	Indigenous	26	9	24	9	6	20	6	47	21	38
2019	First Nations	35	14	21	9	13	8	0	53	24	10
2019	Métis	25	7	22	11	3	22	10	47	20	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	13	19	5	4	30	10	54	15	2409
2018	Indigenous	18	8	25	12	11	26	0	35	31	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	15	21	5	4	32	8	49	16	1726

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	33	9	4	4	8	0	82	8	30
2022	Métis	56	20	0	8	7	9	0	83	17	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	32	13	5	3	13	1	74	10	2585
2020	Indigenous	59	16	14	9	0	3	0	77	9	33
2020	First Nations	83	9	9	0	0	0	0	91	0	10
2020	Métis	52	17	17	10	0	4	0	72	10	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	29	16	4	2	11	1	75	7	2526
2019	Indigenous	40	16	26	2	6	9	0	62	9	38
2019	First Nations	51	14	21	0	13	0	0	66	13	10
2019	Métis	40	13	25	4	3	14	0	63	8	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	28	18	4	3	12	1	71	8	2408
2018	Indigenous	31	16	29	10	5	8	0	51	17	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	29	23	7	4	12	1	61	12	1725

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	2580
2020	Indigenous	0	100	32
2020	First Nations	0	100	10
2020	Métis	0	100	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	96	2530

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	69	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	61	103

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	70	30	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	73	27	103

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	135

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	0	100	103

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	135

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	135

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	103

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	71	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	72	103

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	77	103

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	103

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	135

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	81	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	70	103

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	71	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	66	103

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	135

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	135

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	135

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	103

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	0	100	103

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	103

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	0	100	103

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	78	103

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	71	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	81	103

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	85	103

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	135

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	103

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	135

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	135

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	103

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	103

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	45	135
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	46	103

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	125

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	125

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	125

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	125

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	125

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	125

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	125

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	125

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	125

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	125

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	125

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	59	125

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	125

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	61	39	125

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	125

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	125

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	8	19	7	0	37	6	54	12	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	14	16	3	2	41	8	59	10	2585
2020	Indigenous	33	16	11	3	0	36	0	77	5	33
2020	First Nations	54	0	9	0	0	38	0	86	0	10
2020	Métis	21	25	14	5	0	34	0	71	8	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	14	16	2	1	37	8	64	7	2526
2019	Indigenous	27	10	27	6	0	27	4	53	8	37
2019	First Nations	44	0	28	13	0	15	0	51	16	10
2019	Métis	22	15	22	3	0	33	4	60	5	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	13	19	3	2	33	10	59	8	2401
2018	Indigenous	14	8	32	7	2	38	0	35	14	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	14	24	2	2	34	7	51	8	1728

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	24	18	4	0	6	6	74	5	30
2022	Métis	61	10	15	9	0	0	5	75	9	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	32	15	4	2	13	1	75	8	2585
2020	Indigenous	61	22	9	0	0	8	0	90	0	33
2020	First Nations	83	9	9	0	0	0	0	91	0	10
2020	Métis	51	30	10	0	0	8	0	89	0	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	30	16	3	2	12	1	77	5	2526
2019	Indigenous	42	19	18	6	0	14	2	72	7	38
2019	First Nations	65	0	14	13	0	8	0	70	14	10
2019	Métis	36	24	22	3	0	14	0	71	3	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	27	17	3	2	13	1	74	6	2403
2018	Indigenous	32	28	12	14	0	15	0	70	16	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	28	24	4	2	15	1	64	7	1728

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	77	30
2022	First Nations	27	73	10
2022	Métis	25	75	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	2585
2020	Indigenous	14	86	33
2020	First Nations	0	100	10
2020	Métis	22	78	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	2514
2019	Indigenous	15	85	38
2019	First Nations	17	83	10
2019	Métis	16	84	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	2409

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	58	200

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	78	22	200

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	34	7	5	5	0	0	82	11	155

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	31	0	12	3	0	8	83	17	30
2022	First Nations	40	32	0	0	8	0	20	90	10	10
2022	Métis	49	27	0	25	0	0	0	75	25	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	34	7	3	2	4	3	86	6	2580
2020	Indigenous	74	21	2	3	0	0	0	95	3	33
2020	First Nations	90	10	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	64	27	4	4	0	0	0	92	4	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	31	9	3	2	4	4	85	5	2528

Future of work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?
Survey year	Demographic	20% (1 out of 5 days) (%)	40% (2 out of 5 days) (%)	60% (3 out of 5 days) (%)	80% (4 out of 5 days) (%)	Other Please specify (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	6	20	15	27	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	24	25	20	11	1215

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	70	30	20
2022	Métis	73	27	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	72	28	1990

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	69	20
2022	Métis	11	89	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	59	1985

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	54	20
2022	Métis	47	53	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	58	42	1985

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	69	20
2022	Métis	20	80	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	59	41	1985

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	61	20
2022	Métis	16	84	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	61	1985

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	80	20
2022	Métis	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	59	1985

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	4	96	20
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	74	1985

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	47	20
2022	Métis	36	64	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	54	1985

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	82	20
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	79	1985

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	72	20
2022	Métis	24	76	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	58	1985

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	72	20
2022	Métis	16	84	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	64	1985

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	87	20
2022	Métis	15	85	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1985

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	86	20
2022	Métis	22	78	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1985

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	59	22	4	0	0	0	14	95	0	20
2022	Métis	70	17	0	0	0	0	13	100	0	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	61	18	5	3	2	1	11	89	5	1985

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	4	17	15	16	37	0	13	60	23	20
2022	Métis	7	10	21	11	43	0	7	58	19	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	16	19	13	28	4	13	50	27	1990

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	12	29	11	32	8	0	47	22	20
2022	Métis	8	0	26	23	27	16	0	59	10	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	26	19	14	21	6	5	39	40	1985

Top of page

Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	72	21	8	0	0	0	92	0	30
2022	First Nations	72	28	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2022	Métis	71	14	15	0	0	0	85	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	29	6	4	3	1	87	7	2585
2020	Indigenous	76	14	3	7	0	0	91	7	32
2020	First Nations	81	9	0	10	0	0	90	10	10
2020	Métis	72	19	4	5	0	0	90	5	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	29	8	5	3	1	83	9	2524

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	8	9	3	54	10	17	78	10	30
2022	First Nations	0	0	22	0	30	11	36	57	0	10
2022	Métis	0	15	0	7	68	5	5	83	17	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	4	10	6	49	6	22	76	10	2580

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	35	9	17	8	0	67	24	30
2022	First Nations	25	47	16	11	0	0	73	11	10
2022	Métis	44	22	5	14	15	0	66	29	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	40	16	6	4	4	74	10	2580
2020	Indigenous	68	20	5	3	3	0	88	7	33
2020	First Nations	64	26	0	0	10	0	90	10	10
2020	Métis	71	15	9	5	0	0	86	5	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	38	11	3	1	2	84	5	2527
2019	Indigenous	30	24	17	14	12	3	56	27	38
2019	First Nations	38	17	23	8	13	0	56	21	10
2019	Métis	28	24	16	15	13	4	54	29	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	37	22	13	4	6	59	18	2399
2018	Indigenous	8	29	25	12	19	6	39	34	25
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	29	27	18	9	5	42	29	1732

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	47	11	26	4	30
2022	First Nations	17	39	8	37	0	10
2022	Métis	11	58	11	12	8	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	34	32	18	4	2580

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	67	23	6	4	0	0	0	90	4	30
2022	First Nations	83	8	9	0	0	0	0	91	0	10
2022	Métis	64	24	5	7	0	0	0	88	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	27	12	3	2	3	1	82	5	2585
2020	Indigenous	64	23	7	0	6	0	0	87	6	33
2020	First Nations	44	46	0	0	10	0	0	90	10	10
2020	Métis	72	13	10	0	4	0	0	85	4	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	28	13	3	3	3	1	80	6	2526

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	21	7	9	3	0	0	82	11	30
2022	First Nations	72	28	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2022	Métis	61	14	13	7	5	0	0	74	12	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	27	10	10	8	2	1	71	18	2585
2020	Indigenous	62	11	11	7	8	0	0	74	15	33
2020	First Nations	44	26	10	10	10	0	0	69	20	10
2020	Métis	69	5	13	5	8	0	0	74	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	28	13	12	7	2	1	67	19	2523

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	44	0	13	0	0	87	13	30
2022	First Nations	50	27	0	24	0	0	76	24	10
2022	Métis	48	45	0	7	0	0	93	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	40	14	9	5	2	72	14	2580
2020	Indigenous	63	25	3	2	7	0	88	9	33
2020	First Nations	73	17	0	0	10	0	90	10	10
2020	Métis	59	28	4	4	5	0	87	9	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	36	14	6	3	2	76	10	2534
2019	Indigenous	35	30	18	11	6	0	65	17	37
2019	First Nations	39	17	23	8	13	0	56	21	10
2019	Métis	36	36	11	13	4	0	72	17	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	37	19	12	5	2	63	18	2404
2018	Indigenous	16	23	36	13	5	6	42	19	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	33	23	15	7	3	53	23	1730

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	55	15	10	3	2	0	72	13	610
2020	Indigenous	10	78	0	0	12	0	0	88	12	10
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	54	11	9	2	2	0	77	11	561
2019	Indigenous	15	70	8	0	7	0	0	85	7	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	41	21	17	4	3	3	55	22	510

Work-related stress

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	12	16	11	18	0	3	54	30	30
2022	First Nations	56	16	0	20	8	0	0	72	28	10
2022	Métis	26	11	32	7	18	0	6	39	27	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	26	15	7	6	0	1	72	13	2570
2020	Indigenous	52	25	8	3	11	0	0	77	15	33
2020	First Nations	54	27	0	0	19	0	0	81	19	10
2020	Métis	51	23	13	5	8	0	0	73	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	26	12	4	2	1	1	81	7	2524
2019	Indigenous	47	24	16	4	6	3	0	73	10	38
2019	First Nations	52	26	22	0	0	0	0	78	0	10
2019	Métis	42	26	16	6	9	0	0	69	15	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	29	14	5	4	0	1	77	9	2407
2018	Indigenous	34	20	26	4	16	0	0	54	20	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	29	17	7	5	0	1	72	11	1730

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	27	35	12	3	0	0	50	15	30
2022	First Nations	28	36	20	8	8	0	0	64	16	10
2022	Métis	23	21	38	19	0	0	0	43	19	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	30	26	15	12	0	1	46	27	2570
2020	Indigenous	34	23	21	11	12	0	0	56	23	33
2020	First Nations	47	34	0	9	10	0	0	81	19	10
2020	Métis	30	19	29	14	9	0	0	48	23	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	29	25	15	9	0	0	50	25	2533
2019	Indigenous	24	26	26	15	6	3	0	51	22	38
2019	First Nations	45	17	16	21	0	0	0	63	21	10
2019	Métis	18	33	25	11	10	4	0	53	22	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	30	27	13	8	0	0	52	21	2406
2018	Indigenous	20	29	35	11	5	0	0	49	16	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	29	29	17	11	1	0	42	29	1733

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	32	16	14	4	0	0	66	18	30
2022	First Nations	29	45	0	27	0	0	0	73	27	10
2022	Métis	45	24	15	9	7	0	0	69	16	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	34	21	10	5	0	2	63	15	2570
2020	Indigenous	45	22	21	6	6	0	0	67	12	33
2020	First Nations	54	27	0	9	10	0	0	81	19	10
2020	Métis	44	18	33	5	0	0	0	62	5	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	33	20	9	4	0	1	66	14	2527
2019	Indigenous	24	36	26	7	4	3	0	61	12	38
2019	First Nations	37	25	30	9	0	0	0	62	9	10
2019	Métis	22	42	17	8	7	4	0	67	15	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	34	21	9	4	0	1	65	13	2398
2018	Indigenous	24	36	15	16	8	0	0	61	24	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	32	26	14	7	1	1	53	21	1728

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	36	24	15	8	0	0	54	23	30
2022	First Nations	12	60	15	8	6	0	0	71	14	10
2022	Métis	26	15	25	23	12	0	0	40	35	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	23	24	17	17	1	2	41	34	2570
2020	Indigenous	43	9	33	9	6	0	0	52	15	32
2020	First Nations	62	10	17	0	10	0	0	73	10	10
2020	Métis	36	9	41	14	0	0	0	45	14	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	26	21	16	10	0	1	53	26	2524
2019	Indigenous	29	14	31	17	7	3	0	44	24	38
2019	First Nations	37	18	29	17	0	0	0	54	17	10
2019	Métis	30	13	27	14	11	4	0	45	26	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	26	23	15	12	0	0	49	28	2404
2018	Indigenous	14	37	28	13	8	0	0	51	21	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	23	23	20	16	1	1	39	37	1723

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	59	30	3	0	3	0	5	94	3	30
2022	First Nations	55	31	0	0	0	0	14	100	0	10
2022	Métis	59	30	6	0	5	0	0	89	5	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	29	15	6	5	0	4	73	12	2580
2020	Indigenous	45	28	15	3	3	0	6	77	6	33
2020	First Nations	54	19	9	0	0	0	19	89	0	10
2020	Métis	40	35	20	5	0	0	0	75	5	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	29	15	8	5	0	2	71	13	2518
2019	Indigenous	47	27	13	2	7	3	2	77	9	38
2019	First Nations	75	17	8	0	0	0	0	92	0	10
2019	Métis	34	35	10	3	11	4	3	74	15	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	28	13	6	4	0	3	77	10	2393
2018	Indigenous	50	28	7	11	0	0	4	81	11	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	28	17	8	5	1	3	68	14	1726

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	16	22	6	8	0	0	65	13	30
2022	First Nations	56	15	21	8	0	0	0	71	8	10
2022	Métis	49	15	16	5	15	0	0	63	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	31	18	9	7	0	1	65	16	2580
2020	Indigenous	28	31	20	10	12	0	0	58	22	33
2020	First Nations	37	34	19	0	10	0	0	71	10	10
2020	Métis	25	32	21	13	10	0	0	57	22	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	31	20	11	8	0	0	61	19	2532
2019	Indigenous	41	17	24	9	7	3	0	60	16	38
2019	First Nations	62	0	25	13	0	0	0	62	13	10
2019	Métis	36	21	20	8	11	4	0	59	20	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	32	18	8	6	0	1	68	14	2401
2018	Indigenous	13	44	8	25	9	2	0	58	34	25
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	31	21	11	7	1	1	60	18	1732

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	29	3	9	11	0	0	77	20	30
2022	First Nations	55	20	0	17	9	0	0	74	26	10
2022	Métis	47	27	5	5	15	0	0	74	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	32	19	9	6	1	1	66	15	2575
2020	Indigenous	52	29	9	6	3	0	0	82	10	32
2020	First Nations	52	27	10	10	0	0	0	80	10	10
2020	Métis	53	29	9	5	5	0	0	81	10	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	35	18	8	3	1	2	71	11	2531
2019	Indigenous	46	21	19	8	5	0	0	67	13	38
2019	First Nations	62	16	22	0	0	0	0	78	0	10
2019	Métis	42	19	17	13	8	0	0	62	21	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	34	22	8	4	1	1	66	12	2403
2018	Indigenous	38	25	18	12	5	2	0	64	18	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	34	27	12	6	1	1	55	18	1724

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	31	8	9	17	0	0	66	26	30
2022	First Nations	38	29	8	0	26	0	0	67	26	10
2022	Métis	36	33	10	7	14	0	0	69	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	32	22	12	8	1	1	58	20	2580
2020	Indigenous	36	33	14	15	3	0	0	68	18	33
2020	First Nations	44	38	0	19	0	0	0	81	19	10
2020	Métis	31	29	22	13	5	0	0	60	19	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	37	21	10	4	1	1	65	13	2527
2019	Indigenous	35	18	21	18	5	3	0	55	24	38
2019	First Nations	37	25	38	0	0	0	0	62	0	10
2019	Métis	36	14	8	29	8	4	0	53	39	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	33	24	12	6	1	1	57	18	2404
2018	Indigenous	18	25	28	19	8	2	0	44	28	25
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	31	27	17	10	1	1	46	27	1721

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	27	18	8	8	0	0	66	16	30
2022	First Nations	40	7	37	8	9	0	0	46	17	10
2022	Métis	37	37	7	10	8	0	0	74	19	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	31	19	9	5	1	1	66	14	2575
2020	Indigenous	49	26	15	9	0	0	0	75	9	33
2020	First Nations	53	26	10	10	0	0	0	80	10	10
2020	Métis	47	25	19	10	0	0	0	72	10	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	34	18	8	3	0	1	70	12	2530
2019	Indigenous	37	30	13	11	9	0	0	66	20	38
2019	First Nations	37	42	22	0	0	0	0	78	0	10
2019	Métis	38	22	11	14	14	0	0	61	28	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	32	20	10	5	0	1	64	16	2400
2018	Indigenous	35	35	8	9	12	2	0	71	21	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	33	24	14	8	0	1	55	21	1722

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	15	19	0	7	0	0	74	7	30
2022	First Nations	56	0	36	0	8	0	0	56	8	10
2022	Métis	64	19	10	0	7	0	0	83	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	28	14	8	7	1	1	71	14	2575
2020	Indigenous	61	17	8	9	6	0	0	77	15	33
2020	First Nations	71	10	9	10	0	0	0	81	10	10
2020	Métis	60	18	4	9	10	0	0	78	18	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	29	13	7	5	0	1	75	12	2522
2019	Indigenous	49	14	14	12	11	0	0	62	23	38
2019	First Nations	53	9	25	0	13	0	0	62	13	10
2019	Métis	47	18	4	19	12	0	0	65	31	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	29	15	8	6	1	1	71	14	2398

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	64	23	9	0	4	0	87	4	30
2022	First Nations	64	29	7	0	0	0	93	0	10
2022	Métis	56	24	13	0	7	0	80	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	29	14	6	4	1	75	10	2570
2020	Indigenous	45	37	6	8	3	0	82	12	33
2020	First Nations	66	25	9	0	0	0	91	0	10
2020	Métis	38	38	5	13	5	0	76	19	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	33	22	11	4	0	62	15	2530

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	33	17	7	0	0	0	77	7	30
2022	First Nations	39	38	15	8	0	0	0	77	8	10
2022	Métis	40	37	16	7	0	0	0	77	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	35	18	8	4	1	1	70	12	2580
2020	Indigenous	28	38	21	9	3	0	0	66	12	33
2020	First Nations	64	9	17	0	10	0	0	73	10	10
2020	Métis	8	52	25	14	0	0	0	61	14	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	35	18	9	4	1	1	70	12	2529
2019	Indigenous	48	22	13	11	6	0	0	70	17	38
2019	First Nations	53	26	21	0	0	0	0	79	0	10
2019	Métis	48	20	8	13	10	0	0	69	23	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	34	17	7	3	0	1	72	11	2397
2018	Indigenous	36	26	18	15	3	2	0	63	18	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	33	22	10	5	0	1	62	15	1716

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	70	13	11	6	0	0	0	83	6	30
2022	First Nations	76	18	0	6	0	0	0	94	6	10
2022	Métis	57	13	23	6	0	0	0	70	6	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	62	22	8	2	2	1	3	88	4	2575
2020	Indigenous	75	12	3	3	7	0	0	87	10	31
2020	First Nations	71	0	0	9	20	0	0	71	29	10
2020	Métis	77	19	5	0	0	0	0	95	0	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	30	13	4	1	0	1	81	5	2520
2019	Indigenous	57	26	9	8	0	0	0	83	8	38
2019	First Nations	78	9	0	13	0	0	0	87	13	10
2019	Métis	47	37	10	6	0	0	0	84	6	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	63	22	9	2	1	0	1	87	4	2393
2018	Indigenous	71	18	0	5	4	2	0	91	9	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	60	25	9	3	1	0	2	87	4	1719

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	41	13	5	0	0	82	5	30
2022	First Nations	55	36	9	0	0	0	91	0	10
2022	Métis	34	48	8	9	0	0	82	9	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	33	16	5	3	1	75	8	2575
2020	Indigenous	37	41	8	3	12	0	78	14	33
2020	First Nations	53	28	0	9	10	0	81	19	10
2020	Métis	32	47	8	0	13	0	79	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	37	20	8	4	0	68	12	2514

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	75	7	4	7	0	0	7	88	7	30
2022	First Nations	80	9	0	0	0	0	11	100	0	10
2022	Métis	66	7	9	13	0	0	5	77	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	76	11	3	1	1	1	8	95	2	2575
2020	Indigenous	88	6	0	3	3	0	0	94	6	33
2020	First Nations	90	10	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	90	5	0	5	0	0	0	95	5	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	72	17	5	2	1	1	4	93	2	2516
2019	Indigenous	79	8	5	4	0	0	4	90	4	37
2019	First Nations	87	0	0	13	0	0	0	87	13	10
2019	Métis	77	13	4	0	0	0	6	96	0	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	78	10	3	1	1	1	6	95	1	2390
2018	Indigenous	60	11	15	5	0	2	7	78	5	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	78	12	3	1	1	1	4	94	2	1718

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	81	6	3	0	0	3	7	96	0	30
2022	First Nations	72	0	9	0	0	8	11	89	0	10
2022	Métis	83	12	0	0	0	0	5	100	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	77	9	4	2	3	1	4	91	6	2575
2020	Indigenous	88	9	0	3	0	0	0	97	3	31
2020	First Nations	91	9	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	85	9	0	5	0	0	0	95	5	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	83	7	3	2	2	1	3	94	3	2513
2019	Indigenous	70	13	5	2	4	6	0	89	6	38
2019	First Nations	70	16	0	0	13	0	0	87	13	10
2019	Métis	73	14	4	3	0	6	0	93	3	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	80	9	5	2	2	1	2	91	4	2398
2018	Indigenous	58	20	0	11	5	2	3	83	17	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	75	11	6	2	2	2	3	90	4	1719

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	66	26	3	0	0	0	4	97	0	30
2022	First Nations	57	24	8	0	0	0	11	91	0	10
2022	Métis	66	34	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	64	22	7	2	2	0	2	88	4	2580
2020	Indigenous	82	11	6	0	0	0	0	94	0	33
2020	First Nations	83	17	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	81	10	10	0	0	0	0	90	0	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	70	19	6	2	1	0	1	91	3	2503
2019	Indigenous	66	22	10	2	0	0	0	88	2	38
2019	First Nations	75	16	9	0	0	0	0	91	0	10
2019	Métis	64	25	8	3	0	0	0	89	3	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	58	27	9	2	2	0	1	87	4	2399
2018	Indigenous	57	29	7	0	5	2	0	88	6	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	30	10	4	2	0	1	84	6	1732

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	72	17	3	3	0	0	4	93	4	30
2022	First Nations	63	9	8	9	0	0	11	81	10	10
2022	Métis	79	21	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	66	18	7	4	4	0	2	85	8	2575
2020	Indigenous	74	18	3	6	0	0	0	91	6	33
2020	First Nations	73	27	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2020	Métis	76	14	4	5	0	0	0	90	5	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	71	16	6	3	3	0	1	89	6	2518
2019	Indigenous	58	20	12	0	10	0	0	78	10	38
2019	First Nations	69	9	9	0	13	0	0	78	13	10
2019	Métis	55	25	10	0	10	0	0	80	10	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	63	19	9	4	3	1	1	83	7	2392
2018	Indigenous	40	25	20	3	9	2	0	67	13	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	55	22	11	6	4	0	1	78	10	1729

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	75	6	3	3	0	0	14	93	3	30
2022	First Nations	68	0	8	7	0	0	17	83	8	10
2022	Métis	74	12	0	0	0	0	15	100	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	62	11	4	1	1	0	19	91	3	2575
2020	Indigenous	75	14	0	2	3	0	5	94	6	33
2020	First Nations	73	17	0	0	10	0	0	90	10	10
2020	Métis	81	10	0	4	0	0	4	96	4	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	64	11	4	1	0	0	20	94	2	2523
2019	Indigenous	57	14	5	2	2	0	20	89	5	38
2019	First Nations	70	8	9	0	0	0	13	90	0	10
2019	Métis	59	15	0	0	3	0	23	96	4	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	12	5	1	1	1	20	92	2	2388
2018	Indigenous	56	12	4	0	0	6	22	95	0	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	53	14	6	2	1	0	25	90	3	1718

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	74	16	2	3	0	0	4	95	3	30
2022	First Nations	67	22	0	0	0	0	11	100	0	10
2022	Métis	85	5	5	5	0	0	0	90	5	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	15	4	1	1	1	6	93	2	2575
2020	Indigenous	82	9	6	0	3	0	0	91	3	33
2020	First Nations	71	19	10	0	0	0	0	90	0	10
2020	Métis	90	0	4	0	5	0	0	90	5	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	75	15	4	1	0	0	4	94	1	2530
2019	Indigenous	73	18	9	0	0	0	0	91	0	38
2019	First Nations	91	9	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2019	Métis	69	21	10	0	0	0	0	90	0	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	71	17	5	1	1	1	4	93	2	2386
2018	Indigenous	63	19	8	5	0	2	4	87	5	25
2018	Non-Indigenous	68	19	6	1	1	0	5	92	2	1726

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	25	6	0	7	0	0	86	7	30
2022	First Nations	60	32	0	0	8	0	0	92	8	10
2022	Métis	63	15	13	0	9	0	0	78	9	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	66	17	7	3	4	1	3	86	7	2580
2020	Indigenous	62	15	20	0	3	0	0	77	3	33
2020	First Nations	62	18	10	0	10	0	0	80	10	10
2020	Métis	59	15	26	0	0	0	0	74	0	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	61	22	8	4	3	1	1	85	7	2532
2019	Indigenous	65	19	14	0	3	0	0	84	3	38
2019	First Nations	69	22	9	0	0	0	0	91	0	10
2019	Métis	62	20	13	0	4	0	0	83	4	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	65	19	8	3	3	1	2	86	6	2397
2018	Indigenous	56	18	12	0	14	2	0	74	14	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	23	10	4	4	0	1	81	9	1731

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	23	22	0	0	0	0	78	0	30
2022	First Nations	64	27	9	0	0	0	0	91	0	10
2022	Métis	50	25	26	0	0	0	0	74	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	25	11	3	2	1	3	83	5	2580
2020	Indigenous	32	46	16	6	0	0	0	78	6	33
2020	First Nations	39	53	8	0	0	0	0	92	0	10
2020	Métis	26	43	22	9	0	0	0	69	9	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	29	13	4	1	0	1	81	6	2533
2019	Indigenous	46	36	14	2	0	0	2	84	2	38
2019	First Nations	62	25	13	0	0	0	0	87	0	10
2019	Métis	38	46	12	0	0	0	4	87	0	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	23	10	2	1	0	2	86	4	2399
2018	Indigenous	37	45	13	0	3	2	0	84	4	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	28	10	3	1	0	2	85	4	1729

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	50	24	9	4	0	63	13	30
2022	First Nations	12	58	31	0	0	0	69	0	10
2022	Métis	16	44	25	7	8	0	60	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	33	39	13	4	0	43	18	2585
2020	Indigenous	9	28	49	11	3	0	37	15	33
2020	First Nations	18	44	19	9	10	0	62	19	10
2020	Métis	5	22	60	13	0	0	26	13	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	37	34	12	3	0	51	15	2531
2019	Indigenous	21	27	42	10	0	0	48	10	38
2019	First Nations	37	17	33	13	0	0	54	13	10
2019	Métis	16	32	42	10	0	0	48	10	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	35	32	11	3	0	54	14	2412
2018	Indigenous	9	33	47	8	2	2	42	10	25
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	34	37	14	3	0	45	17	1736

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	13	38	30	12	0	42	21	30
2022	First Nations	0	9	57	14	21	0	34	9	10
2022	Métis	15	9	20	48	8	0	56	24	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	17	43	23	10	0	34	23	2580
2020	Indigenous	12	14	27	29	18	0	47	26	33
2020	First Nations	10	19	0	34	37	0	71	29	10
2020	Métis	13	9	39	29	9	0	38	22	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	17	39	25	10	0	36	25	2524
2019	Indigenous	13	11	39	15	23	0	38	23	38
2019	First Nations	13	8	25	9	45	0	54	21	10
2019	Métis	14	10	41	19	16	0	35	24	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	15	40	27	13	0	40	21	2397
2018	Indigenous	5	18	42	20	13	2	34	23	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	19	41	25	9	0	34	25	1714

Top of page

Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	77	16	0	30
2022	First Nations	0	81	19	0	10
2022	Métis	13	80	7	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	78	18	1	2585
2020	Indigenous	10	76	14	0	33
2020	First Nations	17	83	0	0	10
2020	Métis	8	71	21	0	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	72	20	3	2537

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	59	41	70

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	4	3	3	7	10	18	83	13	30
2022	First Nations	67	0	0	0	0	11	21	100	0	10
2022	Métis	55	7	5	5	14	0	15	72	22	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	8	2	1	1	6	26	93	3	2580
2020	Indigenous	69	6	9	3	3	2	8	83	6	32
2020	First Nations	82	0	10	0	0	0	8	89	0	10
2020	Métis	63	10	10	0	4	4	9	84	5	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	8	4	1	1	4	19	92	3	2533
2019	Indigenous	47	20	17	7	4	2	2	71	11	38
2019	First Nations	53	9	21	9	0	9	0	67	10	10
2019	Métis	40	28	18	4	6	0	4	71	11	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	63	12	5	3	2	2	12	87	6	2400
2018	Indigenous	55	8	16	7	12	2	0	65	19	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	68	8	5	3	2	2	12	89	6	1731

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	27	23	16	6	2	10	49	25	70

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	23	20	17	16	3	9	39	38	70

Report a problem on this page

Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for National Research Council Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources