2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Department of Justice by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Employee engagement
- Employee engagement
Leadership
- Immediate supervisor
- Senior management
Workforce
Workplace
Workplace well-being
Compensation
- Pay or other compensation issues
- Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

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Employee engagement

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	47	17	6	0	77	6	95
2022	First Nations	30	49	16	4	0	80	4	45
2022	Métis	28	47	18	8	0	74	8	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	41	10	6	3	82	9	2805
2020	Indigenous	38	43	14	2	2	81	4	91
2020	First Nations	41	42	13	4	0	83	4	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	41	10	7	2	81	9	2832
2019	Indigenous	27	42	13	13	5	69	18	82
2019	First Nations	14	45	22	14	5	59	19	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	43	10	6	3	80	10	2470
2018	Indigenous	27	46	13	11	4	73	14	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	45	10	7	3	79	10	2417

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	44	9	7	4	80	11	90
2022	First Nations	37	48	6	4	4	85	9	45
2022	Métis	34	41	12	11	2	75	13	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	37	11	8	4	77	13	2805
2020	Indigenous	38	37	10	10	5	75	15	91
2020	First Nations	40	39	7	12	2	79	14	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	37	12	8	4	75	13	2818
2019	Indigenous	21	38	14	15	13	59	28	82
2019	First Nations	21	38	19	10	12	59	22	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	38	12	11	8	69	19	2462
2018	Indigenous	23	38	11	15	14	60	28	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	38	13	12	8	67	20	2439

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	40	11	2	1	0	85	3	90
2022	First Nations	47	40	9	2	2	0	87	4	45
2022	Métis	45	38	15	3	0	0	83	3	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	33	9	3	1	0	87	4	2805
2020	Indigenous	52	36	9	2	0	1	88	2	90
2020	First Nations	53	36	8	2	0	0	89	2	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	34	8	2	1	0	89	3	2811
2019	Indigenous	40	37	17	3	3	0	77	6	82
2019	First Nations	29	40	22	6	3	0	69	9	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	35	9	3	1	0	87	4	2454
2018	Indigenous	52	37	6	5	0	0	89	5	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	50	38	8	3	2	0	87	4	2418

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	44	15	5	0	1	0	80	5	90
2022	First Nations	37	45	14	2	0	2	0	83	2	45
2022	Métis	30	47	15	8	0	0	0	77	8	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	38	9	5	2	0	0	84	7	2810
2020	Indigenous	45	41	9	2	1	0	1	88	3	91
2020	First Nations	50	43	4	2	0	0	0	93	2	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	39	8	5	2	0	0	85	7	2828
2019	Indigenous	34	41	13	8	5	0	0	75	12	82
2019	First Nations	24	44	19	6	7	0	0	68	13	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	41	8	6	2	0	0	84	8	2473
2018	Indigenous	31	45	16	5	4	0	0	75	9	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	41	11	6	3	0	0	80	9	2440

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	35	15	10	3	1	70	14	90
2022	First Nations	32	37	15	11	5	0	69	16	45
2022	Métis	38	32	16	10	2	2	71	13	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	34	11	7	4	0	78	11	2810
2020	Indigenous	37	38	11	9	5	1	75	14	90
2020	First Nations	36	42	11	9	2	0	78	11	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	33	14	6	3	0	76	10	2820
2019	Indigenous	25	32	18	10	15	0	57	25	81
2019	First Nations	26	29	19	13	13	0	55	25	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	34	16	9	5	0	70	14	2475
2018	Indigenous	26	34	18	12	10	0	60	22	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	33	19	9	6	0	66	16	2437

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	42	12	9	3	1	75	13	90
2022	First Nations	29	51	11	4	5	0	80	9	45
2022	Métis	38	32	14	13	2	2	71	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	37	10	8	4	0	78	12	2805
2020	Indigenous	34	42	11	11	2	0	76	13	91
2020	First Nations	38	40	13	9	0	0	78	9	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	35	12	7	3	0	77	10	2809
2019	Indigenous	23	31	23	12	10	0	54	23	80
2019	First Nations	20	30	32	10	8	0	51	18	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	36	14	10	5	0	71	15	2458
2018	Indigenous	25	31	19	18	6	0	57	24	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	37	16	11	5	0	68	17	2428

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	24	20	15	6	3	0	58	22	90
2022	First Nations	36	22	22	14	5	2	0	59	19	45
2022	Métis	33	24	18	14	6	4	0	59	21	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	26	15	9	6	5	1	69	16	2810
2020	Indigenous	38	29	11	12	5	3	1	70	19	91
2020	First Nations	40	30	13	13	2	2	0	72	15	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	25	17	9	5	4	1	68	15	2829
2019	Indigenous	26	16	18	19	15	5	2	45	36	82
2019	First Nations	29	17	18	22	12	2	0	46	35	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	25	18	12	7	3	1	61	20	2474
2018	Indigenous	24	22	23	12	12	7	0	50	25	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	26	19	13	8	3	1	59	22	2438

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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	19	23	1	1	3	4	73	2	95
2022	First Nations	46	16	29	2	0	2	4	67	2	45
2022	Métis	52	20	18	0	2	4	4	78	2	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	26	12	4	2	2	5	80	6	2805
2020	Indigenous	52	24	12	3	3	2	3	80	7	91
2020	First Nations	50	29	17	4	0	0	0	80	4	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	27	12	4	2	2	4	80	6	2827
2019	Indigenous	40	33	17	5	4	1	0	74	9	82
2019	First Nations	40	40	20	0	0	0	0	80	0	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	26	15	5	3	1	5	76	8	2479

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	33	11	5	1	0	0	83	6	95
2022	First Nations	51	31	8	8	2	0	0	82	11	45
2022	Métis	51	34	13	2	0	0	0	85	2	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	31	9	6	3	1	1	82	9	2800
2020	Indigenous	52	22	13	6	5	1	1	76	11	91
2020	First Nations	53	25	14	4	2	2	0	79	6	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	31	10	5	4	1	1	80	10	2831
2019	Indigenous	39	29	13	10	8	0	0	68	19	82
2019	First Nations	42	26	17	5	9	0	0	69	14	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	33	11	7	5	1	1	77	12	2464
2018	Indigenous	39	27	21	8	4	0	1	66	12	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	33	11	9	5	1	1	74	15	2427

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	24	11	4	1	0	0	84	5	90
2022	First Nations	60	25	7	6	2	0	0	85	8	45
2022	Métis	65	21	15	0	0	0	0	85	0	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	26	9	5	3	0	0	83	8	2805
2020	Indigenous	62	18	11	4	3	1	0	81	8	91
2020	First Nations	69	12	13	2	2	2	0	83	4	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	57	26	8	6	4	0	1	83	9	2833
2019	Indigenous	39	36	11	7	7	0	0	75	14	82
2019	First Nations	41	30	15	5	9	0	0	71	14	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	30	10	7	4	1	0	79	11	2476
2018	Indigenous	42	24	12	13	7	0	1	67	21	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	29	11	8	6	0	0	75	14	2436

Senior management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	28	13	3	3	6	79	7	95
2022	First Nations	46	31	16	0	4	4	80	4	45
2022	Métis	49	21	12	7	2	9	78	10	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	28	11	5	3	8	79	9	2805
2020	Indigenous	45	26	7	5	5	11	80	12	91
2020	First Nations	48	19	11	6	4	12	76	12	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	29	11	5	2	8	80	8	2836
2019	Indigenous	33	24	17	10	7	8	62	19	82
2019	First Nations	34	21	16	12	10	7	59	24	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	32	14	8	5	8	71	14	2474
2018	Indigenous	24	30	19	13	6	8	59	20	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	31	16	8	5	9	67	15	2448

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	27	16	8	4	5	70	13	95
2022	First Nations	39	30	19	6	2	4	72	9	45
2022	Métis	43	21	12	10	6	7	69	18	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	32	13	9	6	3	72	15	2805
2020	Indigenous	38	31	11	11	6	2	71	18	91
2020	First Nations	38	33	17	9	2	2	73	11	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	33	13	9	4	2	73	13	2829
2019	Indigenous	26	28	18	12	11	5	57	24	81
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	33	17	12	7	2	62	20	2471
2018	Indigenous	24	30	16	15	14	1	54	30	82
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	33	18	13	9	3	59	23	2444

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	27	19	12	4	5	0	62	17	95
2022	First Nations	32	27	20	13	5	4	0	61	18	45
2022	Métis	35	25	17	12	4	7	0	65	18	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	33	16	13	6	6	0	63	20	2805
2020	Indigenous	25	37	13	11	5	8	1	67	18	91
2020	First Nations	23	37	15	15	0	11	0	67	16	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	34	18	10	5	6	0	65	16	2827
2019	Indigenous	20	24	15	15	15	11	0	50	34	82
2019	First Nations	19	20	16	14	18	13	0	45	37	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	32	20	15	8	6	0	55	24	2463
2018	Indigenous	19	24	16	21	14	6	0	46	37	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	30	21	17	9	7	0	49	28	2438

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	32	15	18	7	4	58	26	95
2022	First Nations	20	35	11	21	9	4	58	31	45
2022	Métis	27	28	18	15	6	5	59	22	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	36	13	13	7	3	65	21	2805
2020	Indigenous	29	41	13	8	5	4	73	14	91
2020	First Nations	29	46	11	7	2	6	80	9	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	38	14	12	5	2	68	17	2835
2019	Indigenous	13	30	21	13	18	5	45	33	82
2019	First Nations	16	33	21	9	15	5	52	26	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	33	19	18	10	3	52	28	2478
2018	Indigenous	14	29	8	30	14	4	45	47	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	32	20	19	11	3	48	31	2443

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Workforce

Performance management

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	35	15	10	7	0	68	17	95
2022	First Nations	37	29	15	6	13	0	66	19	45
2022	Métis	30	41	14	15	0	0	71	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	37	11	10	6	0	73	16	2805
2020	Indigenous	38	42	6	8	6	0	80	14	91
2020	First Nations	47	39	4	6	4	0	86	10	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	39	11	11	5	0	73	16	2826
2019	Indigenous	20	38	12	16	15	0	58	31	81
2019	First Nations	21	44	10	14	10	0	65	24	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	39	12	13	9	0	66	21	2469
2018	Indigenous	27	26	8	27	10	2	54	38	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	35	14	15	10	0	61	25	2441

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	39	17	7	1	76	8	90
2022	First Nations	38	48	9	5	0	86	5	45
2022	Métis	33	32	26	6	2	66	8	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	46	7	6	2	85	8	2805
2020	Indigenous	33	45	12	5	4	78	10	90
2020	First Nations	38	46	12	4	0	83	4	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	43	11	8	2	80	10	2821
2019	Indigenous	20	46	9	18	6	67	24	82
2019	First Nations	25	45	7	23	0	70	23	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	44	12	10	3	75	13	2456
2018	Indigenous	32	40	11	15	2	72	17	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	43	14	9	4	74	13	2443

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	40	10	3	4	0	1	83	7	95
2022	First Nations	41	39	7	6	6	0	0	80	12	45
2022	Métis	45	40	11	0	2	0	2	87	2	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	34	10	8	4	1	0	78	12	2805
2020	Indigenous	46	27	14	8	4	0	1	74	12	91
2020	First Nations	44	31	17	6	2	0	0	75	8	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	33	10	8	4	0	0	77	12	2828
2019	Indigenous	32	36	10	11	11	1	0	69	22	82
2019	First Nations	36	35	12	5	12	0	0	71	17	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	34	12	8	6	1	1	73	14	2480
2018	Indigenous	30	35	13	14	6	0	1	66	20	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	36	13	11	6	1	0	71	17	2437

Job fit and development

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	40	9	12	2	0	76	14	95
2022	First Nations	40	42	8	6	4	0	82	10	45
2022	Métis	33	39	11	18	0	0	72	18	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	42	7	8	3	0	83	10	2805
2020	Indigenous	45	35	9	8	3	0	80	11	90
2020	First Nations	44	35	11	7	4	0	79	10	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	41	9	8	2	0	81	10	2812
2019	Indigenous	25	40	21	7	6	0	66	13	81
2019	First Nations	29	38	21	5	7	0	67	12	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	44	10	11	3	0	76	14	2460
2018	Indigenous	30	41	10	14	4	1	72	18	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	48	9	11	4	0	77	15	2444

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	28	12	4	1	2	0	82	5	90
2022	First Nations	53	25	12	4	2	4	0	81	7	45
2022	Métis	56	29	13	3	0	0	0	85	3	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	25	10	5	3	2	1	81	9	2805
2020	Indigenous	49	24	9	7	4	7	0	79	12	91
2020	First Nations	53	23	12	4	4	4	0	79	8	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	25	11	5	5	2	1	78	10	2825

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	35	21	7	13	1	58	20	95
2022	First Nations	20	42	23	5	11	0	62	15	45
2022	Métis	23	29	22	8	16	2	53	24	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	36	14	12	8	3	65	20	2805
2020	Indigenous	22	34	11	23	8	2	58	31	91
2020	First Nations	29	35	9	19	8	0	64	27	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	36	16	12	8	2	63	21	2827
2019	Indigenous	15	26	23	15	18	4	43	34	79
2019	First Nations	14	28	20	12	21	4	45	34	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	33	16	15	13	2	54	29	2474
2018	Indigenous	17	35	12	17	18	1	52	36	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	32	18	18	13	2	51	31	2432

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	19	28	8	1	4	3	61	10	95
2022	First Nations	32	22	31	4	2	5	4	59	6	45
2022	Métis	42	14	26	13	0	3	2	59	14	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	25	15	7	6	2	5	70	13	2805
2020	Indigenous	39	28	14	10	2	3	3	72	13	91
2020	First Nations	42	31	13	8	0	2	4	78	9	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	22	16	7	5	1	4	71	12	2839
2019	Indigenous	39	26	19	6	7	0	4	67	14	82
2019	First Nations	45	30	13	7	5	0	0	75	12	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	24	14	6	4	1	4	75	10	2478

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	24	16	4	3	3	2	76	7	95
2022	First Nations	55	18	18	6	2	2	0	74	8	45
2022	Métis	44	30	14	2	2	4	4	80	4	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	21	10	4	2	2	4	83	6	2805
2020	Indigenous	54	28	8	6	4	0	0	82	11	91
2020	First Nations	59	29	4	2	6	0	0	88	8	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	57	22	12	4	2	1	3	82	6	2825
2019	Indigenous	40	24	13	6	9	0	8	69	16	82
2019	First Nations	50	17	12	7	4	0	9	74	13	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	24	11	4	3	1	3	81	7	2470

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	71	11	4	3	2	6	3	90	6	90
2022	First Nations	69	15	4	2	2	6	2	90	5	45
2022	Métis	74	6	4	4	2	5	4	88	7	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	74	7	4	1	2	5	7	92	3	2800
2020	Indigenous	71	6	7	4	6	5	1	82	11	91
2020	First Nations	71	4	4	6	6	6	2	82	13	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	75	8	4	2	2	5	4	91	4	2828
2019	Indigenous	55	11	8	5	9	6	5	74	17	79
2019	Non-Indigenous	75	8	4	2	3	5	4	91	5	2465

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	64	9	11	2	1	4	9	84	3	95
2022	First Nations	68	9	10	0	0	6	6	88	0	45
2022	Métis	60	9	10	4	2	3	12	81	7	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	8	3	1	2	2	11	93	3	2800
2020	Indigenous	70	11	3	3	3	2	8	90	7	91
2020	First Nations	64	16	2	4	0	2	13	93	4	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	74	10	4	2	1	2	8	92	3	2830
2019	Indigenous	69	9	8	0	4	0	11	87	4	81
2019	Non-Indigenous	79	6	2	1	1	2	8	95	3	2467

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	25	12	27	11	5	1	47	40	95
2022	First Nations	21	26	8	28	11	5	2	50	41	45
2022	Métis	21	24	16	26	11	2	0	46	37	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	33	11	15	15	2	1	57	31	2805
2020	Indigenous	15	21	13	20	25	2	4	39	48	91
2020	First Nations	23	21	13	13	22	2	5	48	38	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	29	14	17	16	2	2	51	34	2838
2019	Indigenous	10	23	8	24	31	5	0	35	57	82
2019	First Nations	11	26	6	22	30	4	0	39	55	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	26	14	17	21	2	2	46	40	2480
2018	Indigenous	12	19	8	18	42	1	0	31	61	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	25	15	20	22	2	1	41	44	2439

Empowerment

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	32	15	14	5	0	0	67	18	90
2022	First Nations	30	36	20	12	2	0	0	66	14	45
2022	Métis	40	27	11	16	6	0	0	66	22	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	40	13	10	5	0	0	71	16	2805
2020	Indigenous	32	37	16	11	4	0	1	69	15	91
2020	First Nations	33	40	15	10	2	0	0	73	12	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	40	14	11	4	0	0	71	16	2810
2019	Indigenous	23	36	15	18	7	1	0	59	26	82
2019	First Nations	19	40	16	17	6	3	0	60	24	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	37	16	14	7	0	0	64	21	2454
2018	Indigenous	14	41	18	15	9	0	2	56	25	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	38	16	14	8	0	0	63	22	2432

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	30	18	7	2	73	9	90
2022	First Nations	43	29	20	8	0	72	8	45
2022	Métis	44	29	14	9	4	73	13	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	37	13	7	4	75	11	2805
2020	Indigenous	38	35	16	6	4	74	10	91
2020	First Nations	43	36	13	8	0	79	8	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	37	13	8	3	75	12	2822
2019	Indigenous	28	31	17	11	14	59	25	82
2019	First Nations	26	30	17	12	14	57	26	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	36	16	10	6	68	16	2466
2018	Indigenous	30	39	11	13	7	68	20	82
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	38	15	11	6	68	17	2427

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	41	17	11	0	72	11	90
2022	First Nations	28	46	15	12	0	73	12	45
2022	Métis	32	37	22	8	0	70	8	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	38	11	9	3	77	12	2805
2020	Indigenous	34	45	9	7	5	79	12	91
2020	First Nations	38	43	8	11	0	81	11	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	43	10	9	3	78	12	2825
2019	Indigenous	19	38	17	16	8	58	25	79
2019	Métis	20	41	18	11	10	61	21	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	42	13	10	5	72	15	2438
2018	Indigenous	22	36	11	20	11	58	31	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	38	14	13	7	66	20	2432

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	46	15	6	5	6	0	72	12	95
2022	First Nations	20	58	9	7	5	2	0	79	12	45
2022	Métis	24	33	24	3	6	10	0	63	11	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	40	18	9	3	4	0	68	13	2805
2020	Indigenous	16	46	16	11	5	6	0	66	17	91
2020	First Nations	16	50	15	8	4	6	0	70	13	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	44	19	9	3	4	0	69	12	2831
2019	Indigenous	13	35	19	20	7	6	0	51	29	82
2019	First Nations	12	37	21	22	2	5	0	52	25	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	39	23	12	4	5	0	59	17	2473
2018	Indigenous	12	38	20	16	6	7	1	54	24	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	34	26	13	7	4	0	53	20	2439

Work-life balance and workload

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	33	11	14	3	72	17	95
2022	First Nations	46	35	8	9	2	81	11	45
2022	Métis	35	28	16	19	2	62	21	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	35	9	11	7	74	17	2805
2020	Indigenous	40	32	9	14	6	72	20	90
2020	First Nations	45	29	8	13	5	74	18	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	35	11	12	5	72	17	2822
2019	Indigenous	27	38	13	11	11	65	22	82
2019	First Nations	29	39	13	7	12	68	19	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	35	10	11	7	72	17	2470
2018	Indigenous	36	29	17	11	7	65	18	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	37	9	10	5	75	16	2439

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	37	20	17	9	0	55	25	95
2022	First Nations	19	31	23	19	7	0	50	26	45
2022	Métis	16	45	18	10	10	0	62	20	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	31	21	11	10	0	58	21	2805
2020	Indigenous	27	33	12	18	8	1	61	27	90
2020	First Nations	29	36	13	20	2	0	65	22	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	32	21	14	10	0	55	24	2814
2019	Indigenous	26	31	27	6	10	0	58	16	80
2019	Métis	22	25	33	5	15	0	46	20	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	32	21	12	9	0	59	20	2462
2018	Indigenous	27	31	24	12	6	0	57	18	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	32	21	12	9	0	58	21	2446

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	25	9	1	1	1	2	89	2	95
2022	First Nations	67	27	4	0	0	0	2	96	0	45
2022	Métis	59	20	14	0	2	3	2	83	2	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	61	24	6	3	2	3	1	88	5	2805

Mobility and retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	35	39	95
2022	First Nations	26	34	40	45
2022	Métis	26	38	36	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	38	31	2805
2020	Indigenous	19	38	43	91
2020	First Nations	16	38	46	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	44	37	2837
2019	Indigenous	25	22	53	82
2019	First Nations	22	25	53	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	40	38	2488
2018	Indigenous	16	31	53	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	39	38	2444

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes, to retire (%)	Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Yes, other reason Specify other reason (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	36	33	16	0	3	25
2022	First Nations	24	39	23	9	0	6	10
2022	Métis	0	35	40	25	0	0	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	40	21	8	6	9	855
2020	Indigenous	23	26	38	0	12	0	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	36	29	6	4	7	553
2019	Indigenous	4	15	42	9	22	9	21
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	34	30	8	6	7	546
2018	Indigenous	4	29	30	23	0	13	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	32	30	11	5	7	566

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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	45	6	2	0	1	0	91	2	90
2022	First Nations	51	42	4	2	0	0	0	94	2	45
2022	Métis	41	48	9	0	0	2	0	90	0	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	37	7	3	1	0	0	89	4	2800
2020	Indigenous	46	41	8	2	3	0	0	86	6	91
2020	First Nations	48	41	4	4	2	0	0	89	7	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	39	8	4	1	0	0	87	5	2813
2019	Indigenous	30	47	14	5	3	0	0	77	8	82
2019	First Nations	33	40	19	8	0	0	0	73	8	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	42	11	5	2	0	0	82	7	2462
2018	Indigenous	34	47	11	4	3	0	1	82	7	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	42	9	6	2	0	0	82	8	2443

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	43	23	11	0	1	0	65	12	95
2022	First Nations	17	47	22	14	0	0	0	64	14	45
2022	Métis	24	38	26	9	0	3	0	64	9	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	45	15	8	2	1	0	75	10	2800
2020	Indigenous	24	47	17	9	2	0	1	72	11	90
2020	First Nations	24	61	6	9	0	0	0	85	9	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	45	17	6	1	1	0	75	8	2833
2019	Indigenous	25	38	18	12	6	2	0	64	18	81
2019	First Nations	27	39	19	9	5	2	0	67	15	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	44	18	9	3	2	0	69	12	2479
2018	Indigenous	24	37	17	16	6	0	0	61	22	82
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	43	20	11	3	1	0	65	14	2434

Organizational performance

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	24	32	22	10	0	3	32	35	95
2022	First Nations	6	18	28	36	9	0	3	46	25	45
2022	Métis	10	32	37	8	11	0	2	19	43	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	20	36	23	11	1	2	35	28	2800
2020	Indigenous	9	21	36	20	12	1	0	33	30	90
2020	First Nations	6	19	38	22	15	0	0	37	25	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	21	40	22	10	1	1	32	28	2825
2019	Indigenous	11	27	30	20	11	0	0	31	38	82
2019	First Nations	18	23	28	15	16	0	0	31	41	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	22	39	21	8	1	1	30	30	2479
2018	Indigenous	11	23	36	21	8	1	0	29	34	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	22	40	20	8	1	1	29	30	2441

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	23	36	15	7	0	4	23	39	95
2022	First Nations	18	16	40	20	5	0	2	25	34	45
2022	Métis	14	32	28	11	10	0	5	22	48	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	21	34	19	10	2	3	31	33	2800
2020	Indigenous	12	21	29	25	8	2	3	34	35	91
2020	First Nations	12	23	33	17	10	2	2	29	37	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	21	34	23	10	2	2	33	31	2820
2019	Indigenous	18	23	28	18	13	0	0	31	41	82
2019	First Nations	18	20	27	19	17	0	0	36	37	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	23	32	19	8	2	2	28	39	2469
2018	Indigenous	14	31	32	11	8	4	0	19	47	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	23	34	17	9	2	2	27	38	2435

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	20	34	31	5	0	2	37	28	95
2022	First Nations	11	18	33	29	9	0	0	38	29	45
2022	Métis	4	21	37	32	2	0	4	35	26	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	20	35	21	12	1	2	34	30	2800
2020	Indigenous	8	11	39	28	12	0	1	41	19	90
2020	First Nations	4	11	41	29	15	0	0	44	15	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	21	36	23	9	0	1	33	31	2820
2019	Indigenous	11	19	36	18	16	0	0	34	30	82
2019	First Nations	13	14	34	20	19	0	0	39	27	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	20	38	23	9	1	1	32	29	2463
2018	Indigenous	7	20	40	21	10	1	1	32	27	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	20	39	21	9	0	1	31	29	2423

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	27	28	19	11	1	2	32	40	95
2022	First Nations	13	28	22	22	15	0	0	37	41	45
2022	Métis	10	27	33	14	10	2	4	26	39	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	21	27	20	15	2	4	37	35	2800
2020	Indigenous	14	22	36	15	11	1	0	27	37	90
2020	First Nations	10	24	34	12	19	0	0	31	34	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	23	30	21	11	2	1	33	37	2825
2019	Indigenous	15	24	26	22	9	3	0	33	40	82
2019	First Nations	14	26	21	22	16	0	0	38	40	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	23	30	19	10	2	2	30	39	2471
2018	Indigenous	17	28	31	9	11	3	2	21	47	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	26	28	16	9	1	1	26	46	2438

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	21	29	22	11	4	2	35	34	90
2022	First Nations	9	28	26	21	13	2	2	35	38	45
2022	Métis	12	16	33	19	11	6	3	33	31	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	16	29	22	16	4	5	42	27	2805
2020	Indigenous	9	13	27	27	15	7	2	46	24	91
2020	First Nations	2	12	29	26	19	9	2	51	17	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	13	28	31	18	3	2	51	19	2817
2019	Indigenous	19	22	24	13	15	5	2	30	44	82
2019	First Nations	17	22	19	17	16	4	5	37	43	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	19	30	24	12	3	2	38	30	2469
2018	Indigenous	16	21	29	20	5	6	2	27	41	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	20	30	21	11	3	2	34	34	2426

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	25	35	17	10	2	0	28	37	95
2022	First Nations	14	16	38	15	15	2	0	31	30	45
2022	Métis	8	34	34	16	6	2	0	22	43	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	21	34	19	12	3	3	32	32	2800
2020	Indigenous	7	26	31	19	9	6	2	30	36	91
2020	First Nations	4	31	30	18	10	7	0	30	38	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	21	35	21	11	2	1	33	30	2820
2019	Indigenous	16	21	36	8	15	4	0	24	39	82
2019	First Nations	13	16	34	5	26	5	0	33	31	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	22	34	19	9	2	2	28	37	2464
2018	Indigenous	12	32	23	18	7	8	0	27	48	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	23	35	17	7	3	2	25	39	2442

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	3	14	45	23	14	0	0	38	17	95
2022	First Nations	6	13	45	19	18	0	0	37	19	45
2022	Métis	0	17	48	26	10	0	0	35	17	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	13	37	28	16	0	2	45	17	2805
2020	Indigenous	9	23	46	16	5	0	1	21	32	91
2020	First Nations	7	23	43	19	8	0	0	27	30	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	23	42	20	8	0	0	28	30	2824
2019	Indigenous	17	18	38	14	11	1	0	26	35	81
2019	First Nations	14	12	41	15	18	0	0	33	26	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	22	38	19	9	1	1	28	33	2471

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	38	20	16	9	2	54	25	95
2022	First Nations	9	41	27	13	8	2	51	21	45
2022	Métis	22	30	15	22	9	2	53	32	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	36	20	16	7	3	55	25	2805
2020	Indigenous	24	32	18	17	9	0	56	26	91
2020	First Nations	28	39	15	16	2	0	66	19	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	40	19	14	4	4	61	19	2816
2019	Indigenous	12	32	16	18	13	8	49	34	82
2019	First Nations	13	29	19	23	7	9	45	34	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	32	25	19	7	4	47	27	2467

Diversity and inclusion

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	51	28	4	8	6	3	81	15	95
2022	First Nations	52	32	5	6	4	0	84	11	45
2022	Métis	51	22	4	8	8	7	79	17	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	32	8	6	4	2	81	11	2800
2020	Indigenous	41	31	7	11	5	4	75	17	91
2020	First Nations	49	29	9	4	6	2	80	11	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	32	9	9	5	2	77	14	2828
2019	Indigenous	22	34	15	15	13	1	57	29	82
2019	First Nations	24	30	15	17	14	0	54	31	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	33	11	10	7	1	72	17	2472
2018	Indigenous	24	23	22	19	8	4	49	28	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	33	10	13	9	1	68	21	2430

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	64	25	5	2	3	0	90	5	95
2022	First Nations	71	18	7	2	2	0	89	4	45
2022	Métis	61	29	4	2	4	0	90	6	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	58	32	4	3	2	0	91	5	2800
2020	Indigenous	50	27	10	10	2	1	78	12	91
2020	First Nations	53	28	9	6	2	2	83	8	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	35	6	5	1	0	88	6	2820
2019	Indigenous	37	33	12	10	8	0	70	18	80
2019	First Nations	35	31	12	16	5	0	66	21	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	37	7	8	3	0	82	11	2474
2018	Indigenous	37	35	15	8	5	0	72	13	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	39	8	8	3	0	81	11	2430

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	32	11	1	3	0	85	4	95
2022	First Nations	56	32	11	0	2	0	87	2	45
2022	Métis	53	30	10	3	4	0	83	7	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	36	7	3	2	1	88	5	2800
2020	Indigenous	51	33	9	3	3	1	85	6	91
2020	First Nations	54	29	9	2	4	2	85	6	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	37	8	4	2	1	86	6	2809
2019	Indigenous	32	38	18	7	3	1	71	11	82
2019	First Nations	30	41	17	10	2	0	71	12	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	39	10	5	2	1	82	7	2475
2018	Indigenous	27	48	11	11	1	1	77	12	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	43	10	5	2	1	82	7	2432

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	34	18	7	5	1	1	69	13	95
2022	First Nations	26	46	12	9	7	0	0	72	16	45
2022	Métis	39	23	25	6	4	2	2	64	10	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	41	12	7	4	2	0	77	11	2805
2020	Indigenous	26	41	16	12	3	2	0	68	16	90
2020	First Nations	23	49	13	6	4	4	0	76	11	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	42	14	8	3	2	0	74	12	2819
2019	Indigenous	22	30	22	12	9	4	0	54	23	82
2019	First Nations	24	29	17	19	9	2	0	54	28	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	42	16	9	4	2	0	71	13	2467
2018	Indigenous	28	37	17	13	2	2	0	67	16	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	41	13	6	3	2	0	76	10	2436

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	34	20	11	0	5	0	67	12	95
2022	First Nations	28	40	19	13	0	0	0	68	13	45
2022	Métis	30	27	25	8	0	10	0	64	9	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	37	11	5	2	6	0	80	8	2805
2020	Indigenous	36	32	18	6	4	3	1	71	10	91
2020	First Nations	37	29	20	8	4	2	0	68	12	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	37	13	5	2	4	0	79	8	2828
2019	Indigenous	29	35	20	7	7	1	1	65	14	82
2019	First Nations	24	35	22	7	9	3	0	61	17	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	38	13	5	2	4	0	79	8	2458
2018	Indigenous	26	44	13	6	6	5	0	74	13	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	36	14	4	3	4	0	78	7	2435

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	33	9	5	2	84	7	95
2022	First Nations	56	29	8	5	2	85	7	45
2022	Métis	48	35	8	6	2	83	8	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	34	6	5	2	87	7	2810
2020	Indigenous	53	25	11	8	3	78	11	91
2020	First Nations	51	34	9	6	0	85	6	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	33	8	5	2	86	7	2821
2019	Indigenous	35	32	15	9	9	67	18	82
2019	First Nations	31	35	17	12	5	67	17	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	37	9	6	3	82	9	2475
2018	Indigenous	35	43	6	12	4	78	16	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	37	11	6	4	79	10	2436

Anti-racism

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	28	9	7	5	9	2	76	13	95
2022	First Nations	43	30	7	9	5	7	0	79	14	45
2022	Métis	36	27	10	8	4	11	4	74	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	28	10	5	3	7	5	79	10	2805

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	25	11	14	7	8	1	65	23	95
2022	First Nations	39	28	8	12	7	7	0	71	20	45
2022	Métis	29	22	10	20	7	10	2	58	30	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	28	10	6	3	8	6	77	11	2805

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	28	19	5	2	14	0	69	8	95
2022	First Nations	29	36	21	8	2	4	0	67	11	45
2022	Métis	34	25	17	2	2	21	0	74	5	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	31	19	4	1	11	1	74	5	2805
2020	Indigenous	34	33	17	8	2	6	1	71	11	91
2020	First Nations	32	35	19	6	2	6	0	71	9	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	36	15	5	2	6	0	78	7	2828

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	26	8	10	8	6	3	71	20	90
2022	First Nations	39	28	10	13	7	2	0	69	21	45
2022	Métis	38	24	4	8	9	10	6	75	20	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	32	9	5	4	6	4	80	10	2805
2020	Indigenous	37	30	12	5	12	3	0	69	18	91
2020	First Nations	38	41	6	4	11	0	0	79	15	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	31	11	7	4	5	2	77	11	2824

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	19	25	3	5	41	0	45	13	95
2022	First Nations	7	24	29	2	7	32	0	45	13	45
2022	Métis	8	15	24	4	2	46	0	43	12	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	18	20	3	3	38	3	54	11	2805

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	12	21	14	30	19	2	18	56	45

Ethical workplace

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	30	14	8	2	17	4	69	13	95
2022	First Nations	31	28	20	6	2	13	0	68	10	45
2022	Métis	20	32	9	9	2	19	9	72	16	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	29	17	6	4	12	6	66	13	2800
2020	Indigenous	25	18	19	15	6	13	3	52	25	91
2020	First Nations	31	17	19	12	6	13	2	56	22	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	28	18	9	4	11	4	63	16	2826
2019	Indigenous	18	27	17	12	18	8	1	50	32	82
2019	First Nations	19	28	18	11	16	5	3	50	30	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	29	17	11	7	7	4	60	20	2478
2018	Indigenous	13	30	20	13	14	9	1	48	31	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	31	19	12	9	8	3	55	24	2436

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	32	13	9	0	4	1	77	9	95
2022	First Nations	41	39	14	6	0	0	0	80	6	45
2022	Métis	39	24	13	14	0	8	2	70	16	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	38	12	7	3	3	1	77	11	2805
2020	Indigenous	35	33	15	8	5	2	1	70	14	91
2020	First Nations	42	34	7	9	6	2	0	78	15	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	36	12	9	3	3	1	75	13	2826
2019	Indigenous	24	38	13	17	6	2	0	64	23	82
2019	First Nations	24	37	8	24	5	2	0	62	30	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	37	13	9	5	3	1	72	14	2473
2018	Indigenous	33	34	12	14	4	1	2	69	18	82
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	39	12	9	4	2	0	74	13	2437

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	37	20	6	1	1	72	8	95
2022	First Nations	35	37	19	7	2	0	72	9	45
2022	Métis	32	37	22	6	0	2	71	6	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	41	14	4	2	1	79	6	2805
2020	Indigenous	34	39	14	7	5	1	74	12	90
2020	First Nations	40	37	12	6	4	2	78	10	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	38	16	5	2	1	77	7	2825
2019	Indigenous	26	34	22	8	6	4	63	14	79
2019	Métis	22	46	15	7	8	3	69	15	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	39	19	7	3	2	71	10	2464
2018	Indigenous	28	36	25	9	1	1	65	10	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	41	19	6	3	1	71	9	2431

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	17	18	14	11	16	5	47	31	95
2022	First Nations	19	24	21	18	7	9	2	47	28	45
2022	Métis	22	12	14	12	15	18	7	45	36	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	21	16	12	11	15	4	50	29	2805
2020	Indigenous	17	21	22	13	19	5	1	42	34	91
2020	First Nations	21	26	21	13	12	6	0	50	27	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	21	18	12	13	14	3	48	31	2826
2019	Indigenous	11	16	12	22	25	14	0	32	55	82
2019	First Nations	14	14	10	24	22	16	0	33	55	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	19	20	15	16	12	3	39	37	2473
2018	Indigenous	10	18	21	23	20	5	2	30	47	81
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	19	21	16	17	11	2	37	39	2436

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	51	3	13	0	84	13	95
2022	First Nations	37	49	2	12	0	85	12	45
2022	Métis	28	56	4	12	0	83	12	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	45	3	10	3	84	13	2805
2020	Indigenous	26	47	4	18	4	74	22	90
2020	First Nations	29	45	5	19	2	74	21	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	50	4	14	2	79	16	2838

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	35	9	13	1	3	76	15	95
2022	First Nations	51	33	6	10	0	0	84	10	45
2022	Métis	26	40	12	16	2	5	69	19	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	35	6	9	3	1	81	13	2805
2020	Indigenous	35	36	10	17	1	1	72	18	90
2020	First Nations	41	38	8	13	0	0	79	13	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	42	9	14	4	0	73	18	2831
2019	Indigenous	42	32	7	12	7	0	74	18	82
2019	First Nations	38	39	5	14	4	0	77	18	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	38	6	9	4	0	80	14	2476

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	51	27	12	8	1	1	79	9	95
2022	First Nations	57	27	13	2	2	0	84	3	45
2022	Métis	42	29	11	16	0	2	73	16	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	35	7	6	2	0	84	8	2800
2020	Indigenous	43	31	4	19	3	0	74	22	90
2020	First Nations	51	26	4	15	4	0	77	19	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	37	9	9	2	0	80	11	2804
2019	Indigenous	37	27	15	13	6	3	66	19	81
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	40	9	6	3	0	81	9	2448

Use of official languages

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	86	12	2	0	0	0	0	98	0	95
2022	First Nations	86	12	2	0	0	0	0	98	0	45
2022	Métis	85	13	2	0	0	0	0	98	0	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	76	18	2	2	1	1	1	95	3	2805
2020	Indigenous	77	13	4	3	3	0	0	90	6	91
2020	First Nations	81	15	2	2	0	0	0	96	2	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	75	18	3	2	1	1	0	95	3	2825

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	91	4	1	1	1	1	97	2	95
2022	First Nations	89	9	0	0	0	2	100	0	45
2022	Métis	93	0	2	2	2	0	93	4	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	85	8	2	2	1	2	95	3	2805
2019	Indigenous	74	15	5	1	4	1	90	5	82
2019	First Nations	79	14	3	0	2	3	95	2	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	81	10	3	2	2	2	93	3	2467

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	19	7	2	1	17	5	87	4	95
2022	First Nations	47	28	6	2	2	9	6	88	5	45
2022	Métis	52	11	8	2	0	21	7	86	3	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	22	12	5	3	11	4	77	9	2805
2020	Indigenous	51	16	9	3	3	14	3	81	8	91
2020	First Nations	59	16	6	2	0	16	0	90	3	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	22	11	4	3	9	3	79	9	2832
2019	Indigenous	44	23	5	6	3	16	4	83	11	80
2019	Métis	37	22	7	13	0	15	5	75	16	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	22	13	5	3	11	2	76	9	2482

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	91	95
2022	Métis	13	87	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	2805
2020	Indigenous	15	85	91
2020	First Nations	12	88	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	2830
2019	Indigenous	25	75	82
2019	First Nations	28	72	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	2483
2018	Indigenous	14	86	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	2437

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	61	220
2020	Indigenous	57	43	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	53	228
2019	Indigenous	54	46	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	46	288

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	49	220
2020	Indigenous	63	37	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	42	228
2019	Indigenous	46	54	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	45	288
2018	Indigenous	58	42	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	60	40	324

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	220
2020	Indigenous	0	100	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	228
2019	Indigenous	0	100	22
2019	First Nations	0	100	12
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	288

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	100	220
2020	Indigenous	100	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	100	228
2019	Indigenous	100	22
2019	First Nations	100	12
2019	Non-Indigenous	100	288
2018	Indigenous	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	100	324

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	220

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	220
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	324

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	220
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	324

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	65	220
2020	Indigenous	43	57	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	60	228
2019	Indigenous	50	50	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	51	288

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	67	220
2020	Indigenous	35	65	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	60	228
2019	Indigenous	36	64	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	65	288

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	65	220
2020	Indigenous	55	45	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	55	228
2019	Indigenous	69	31	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	52	288

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	62	220
2020	Indigenous	48	52	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	55	228
2019	Indigenous	41	59	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	59	288
2018	Indigenous	44	56	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	58	323

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	220
2020	Indigenous	36	64	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	68	228
2019	Indigenous	46	54	22
2019	First Nations	41	59	12
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	68	288

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	62	38	220
2020	Indigenous	36	64	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	48	228
2019	Indigenous	44	56	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	43	288

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	67	220
2019	Indigenous	45	55	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	65	288

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	220

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	220
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	323

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	220

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	56	220
2020	Indigenous	42	58	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	51	228
2019	Indigenous	66	34	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	55	288

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	220
2020	Indigenous	0	100	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	80	228
2019	Indigenous	32	68	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	71	288

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	220

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	54	220
2020	Indigenous	56	44	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	46	228
2019	Indigenous	62	38	21
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	46	288
2018	Indigenous	56	44	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	50	50	324

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	220
2019	Indigenous	28	72	21
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	73	288

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	220
2020	Indigenous	0	100	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	228
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	324

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	220

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	220

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	220
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	2	98	324

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	220
2020	Indigenous	0	100	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	228

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	220

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	58	220

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	210

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	210

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	210

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	210

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	210

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	210

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	210

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	210

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	210

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	210

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	210

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	57	210
2018	Indigenous	53	47	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	52	48	316

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	210

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	47	210

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	210

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	210

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	12	12	7	3	45	10	50	22	95
2022	First Nations	13	20	13	4	2	34	14	63	12	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	11	12	5	4	46	10	53	19	2805
2020	Indigenous	15	9	16	8	10	39	4	42	31	91
2020	First Nations	19	8	14	11	2	42	4	50	23	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	14	16	6	4	39	7	51	19	2827
2019	Indigenous	10	8	30	8	11	30	2	27	29	82
2019	First Nations	11	0	30	9	11	33	5	18	33	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	15	20	7	6	33	8	44	23	2480
2018	Indigenous	14	8	24	8	10	32	4	35	28	82
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	14	23	8	7	32	6	40	23	2433

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	29	14	4	2	20	0	75	8	95
2022	First Nations	31	32	14	4	2	16	0	76	7	45
2022	Métis	28	24	14	4	2	28	0	72	8	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	32	13	5	3	16	1	76	9	2805
2020	Indigenous	26	23	27	5	6	12	1	56	13	90
2020	First Nations	28	21	32	2	2	16	0	57	5	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	30	17	6	3	13	1	70	11	2825
2019	Indigenous	21	20	26	12	9	11	0	46	24	82
2019	First Nations	16	14	37	14	7	11	0	34	24	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	30	19	7	4	11	1	65	13	2480
2018	Indigenous	23	20	19	12	7	18	1	52	24	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	31	20	7	6	11	0	62	15	2439

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	94	95
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	2805
2020	Indigenous	15	85	91
2020	First Nations	14	86	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	2826
2019	Indigenous	16	84	82
2019	First Nations	20	80	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	2481
2018	Indigenous	23	77	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	2441

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	185
2019	Indigenous	61	39	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	66	162
2018	Indigenous	31	69	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	66	156

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	72	28	185

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	185
2020	Indigenous	0	100	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	96	155

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	185
2020	Indigenous	0	100	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	0	100	155
2019	Indigenous	0	100	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	0	100	162

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	185

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	185

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	185

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	185
2020	Indigenous	46	54	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	65	155
2019	Indigenous	52	48	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	77	162
2018	Indigenous	38	62	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	79	156

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	185

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	185
2020	Indigenous	0	100	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	84	155
2018	Indigenous	0	100	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	156

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	185
2018	Indigenous	0	100	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	156

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	185

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	72	185
2019	Indigenous	38	62	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	71	162
2018	Indigenous	38	62	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	72	156

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	185

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	185
2020	Indigenous	0	100	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	97	155

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	185
2019	Indigenous	0	100	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	162

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	81	185

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	185
2020	Indigenous	0	100	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	0	100	155

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	185
2019	Indigenous	0	100	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	78	162

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	185
2020	Indigenous	0	100	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	0	100	155
2019	Indigenous	0	100	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	0	100	162
2018	Indigenous	0	100	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	0	100	156

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	185

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	74	185
2020	Indigenous	49	51	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	78	155
2019	Indigenous	38	62	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	77	161
2018	Indigenous	41	59	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	72	156

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	185

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	185
2019	Indigenous	0	100	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	161

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	185

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	185

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	185
2020	Indigenous	0	100	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	96	155

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	185
2020	Indigenous	0	100	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	155

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	185

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	43	185
2020	Indigenous	44	56	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	42	155
2019	Indigenous	39	61	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	44	161
2018	Indigenous	43	57	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	46	156

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	180

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	180

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	180
2018	Indigenous	0	100	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	153

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	180

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	180

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	180
2020	Indigenous	0	100	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	97	149
2018	Indigenous	0	100	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	153

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	180
2020	Indigenous	0	100	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	149
2018	Indigenous	0	100	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	153

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	180
2018	Indigenous	0	100	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	90	153

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	180

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	180

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	180
2018	Indigenous	0	100	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	153

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	60	180
2020	Indigenous	34	66	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	46	149
2018	Indigenous	37	63	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	51	153

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	180

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	64	36	180
2018	Indigenous	58	42	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	70	30	153

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	180

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	180

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	12	15	6	2	41	7	55	16	95
2022	First Nations	17	16	17	6	2	33	8	57	15	45
2022	Métis	15	8	14	6	2	46	9	52	17	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	12	15	3	3	46	7	55	13	2805
2020	Indigenous	16	9	17	2	10	42	4	46	22	91
2020	First Nations	19	10	15	2	9	40	6	53	19	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	14	17	3	3	42	6	56	12	2829
2019	Indigenous	14	12	17	10	9	34	4	42	30	82
2019	First Nations	12	9	15	17	9	33	5	34	41	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	14	21	4	3	38	7	49	13	2478
2018	Indigenous	11	10	23	5	12	36	2	35	28	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	14	25	4	3	37	5	46	11	2441

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	32	15	2	3	18	1	74	7	95
2022	First Nations	27	34	19	2	4	12	2	70	7	45
2022	Métis	29	27	12	2	2	26	2	78	6	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	33	13	4	2	15	1	77	8	2805
2020	Indigenous	28	20	31	5	4	11	0	54	11	91
2020	First Nations	27	23	31	4	2	13	0	57	7	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	31	16	4	3	14	1	74	8	2825
2019	Indigenous	25	25	21	9	7	11	2	58	19	82
2019	First Nations	19	29	21	16	7	8	0	52	25	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	30	19	4	3	13	2	70	8	2476
2018	Indigenous	22	21	20	7	11	18	0	53	22	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	31	20	5	3	14	1	68	9	2439

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	77	90
2022	First Nations	27	73	45
2022	Métis	19	81	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	2800
2020	Indigenous	14	86	91
2020	First Nations	10	90	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	2825
2019	Indigenous	17	83	82
2019	First Nations	12	88	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	84	2480

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	70	30	20
2022	First Nations	68	32	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	63	37	350
2020	Indigenous	85	15	13
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	51	347

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	80	20	20
2022	First Nations	77	23	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	78	22	345
2020	Indigenous	78	22	13
2020	Non-Indigenous	82	18	345
2019	Indigenous	78	22	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	84	16	391

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	59	15	6	5	14	0	75	19	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	30	5	9	5	2	80	15	265
2020	Indigenous	80	11	0	0	9	0	91	9	10
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	39	6	9	3	0	82	11	281
2019	Indigenous	27	45	0	28	0	0	72	28	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	33	6	12	2	1	80	14	327

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	28	7	7	2	3	0	83	10	95
2022	First Nations	51	31	9	4	2	2	0	84	7	45
2022	Métis	57	23	4	9	3	5	0	83	12	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	34	7	5	3	3	3	84	8	2800
2020	Indigenous	46	30	8	7	3	5	1	81	11	89
2020	First Nations	49	27	11	2	0	8	2	85	3	46
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	33	8	6	2	3	3	83	8	2827

Future of work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?
Survey year	Demographic	20% (1 out of 5 days) (%)	40% (2 out of 5 days) (%)	60% (3 out of 5 days) (%)	80% (4 out of 5 days) (%)	Other Please specify (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	33	22	6	0	70
2022	First Nations	30	39	25	6	0	35
2022	Métis	53	25	23	0	0	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	28	18	4	3	2295

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	86	14	70
2022	First Nations	88	12	40
2022	Métis	84	16	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	76	24	2435

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	78	70
2022	First Nations	23	77	40
2022	Métis	23	77	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	70	2435

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	54	70
2022	First Nations	51	49	40
2022	Métis	38	62	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	44	2435

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	64	70
2022	First Nations	38	62	40
2022	Métis	28	72	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	61	2435

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	90	70
2022	First Nations	14	86	40
2022	Métis	6	94	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	2435

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	70	70
2022	First Nations	34	66	40
2022	Métis	27	73	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	63	2435

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	93	70
2022	First Nations	5	95	40
2022	Métis	9	91	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	2435

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	89	70
2022	First Nations	14	86	40
2022	Métis	8	92	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	2435

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	87	70
2022	First Nations	14	86	40
2022	Métis	12	88	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	2435

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	73	70
2022	First Nations	32	68	40
2022	Métis	18	82	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	71	2435

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	88	70
2022	First Nations	11	89	40
2022	Métis	15	85	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	2435

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	2	98	70
2022	First Nations	3	97	40
2022	Métis	0	100	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	2435

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	63	70
2022	First Nations	33	67	40
2022	Métis	45	55	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	2435

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	74	15	6	0	3	3	91	3	70
2022	First Nations	68	11	11	0	5	5	83	5	40
2022	Métis	80	17	0	0	3	0	97	3	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	81	13	2	1	1	2	96	2	2435

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	13	14	8	51	3	7	65	20	70
2022	First Nations	5	20	13	5	50	0	8	60	26	40
2022	Métis	7	6	11	11	52	6	6	71	16	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	16	15	16	40	3	4	61	23	2435

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	17	21	11	36	3	2	50	28	70
2022	First Nations	8	18	25	13	31	3	3	46	27	40
2022	Métis	11	15	18	5	48	3	0	55	27	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	19	17	17	36	4	1	56	27	2435

Top of page

Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	54	31	6	5	3	1	0	86	8	95
2022	First Nations	51	34	7	6	0	2	0	86	6	45
2022	Métis	58	26	7	4	5	0	0	84	9	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	32	6	5	4	1	0	85	9	2805
2020	Indigenous	48	32	6	8	5	1	1	81	13	91
2020	First Nations	54	32	5	8	2	0	0	85	10	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	30	8	8	4	1	0	80	12	2823

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	15	15	8	36	4	16	55	26	95
2022	First Nations	4	16	20	12	33	5	10	53	24	45
2022	Métis	8	12	12	4	38	3	23	56	27	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	5	12	6	42	6	27	71	11	2805

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	46	15	11	4	1	0	70	15	95
2022	First Nations	28	48	10	8	6	0	0	76	14	45
2022	Métis	18	41	18	19	2	2	0	60	21	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	42	14	8	4	2	0	73	12	2805
2020	Indigenous	44	38	8	7	0	2	1	85	7	89
2020	First Nations	51	36	4	6	0	2	0	89	7	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	41	10	4	1	1	0	85	5	2827
2019	Indigenous	18	44	14	9	13	2	0	63	23	82
2019	First Nations	19	48	15	9	5	4	0	70	15	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	43	12	6	3	2	0	78	9	2469
2018	Indigenous	31	39	16	10	3	1	0	72	12	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	43	12	6	3	2	0	79	9	2444

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	20	32	29	10	90
2022	First Nations	8	17	36	31	8	45
2022	Métis	8	19	28	32	13	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	26	38	21	7	2805

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	25	11	5	1	5	0	82	6	95
2022	First Nations	52	33	6	7	0	2	0	86	7	45
2022	Métis	56	16	17	2	2	7	0	77	5	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	30	10	4	3	3	0	83	7	2805
2020	Indigenous	56	21	13	3	3	3	0	79	7	91
2020	First Nations	60	22	13	4	0	0	0	83	4	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	29	13	4	4	3	1	78	8	2812

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	27	10	9	11	1	69	20	95
2022	First Nations	40	31	9	7	11	2	73	18	45
2022	Métis	46	19	14	12	9	0	65	21	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	29	9	10	8	2	72	18	2805
2020	Indigenous	32	33	6	17	12	0	65	28	91
2020	First Nations	35	43	6	14	2	0	78	16	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	29	11	14	9	2	66	23	2826

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	32	13	14	10	6	61	26	95
2022	First Nations	20	41	12	14	11	2	62	26	45
2022	Métis	29	20	18	14	8	10	55	25	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	42	12	12	6	2	69	18	2810
2020	Indigenous	26	34	19	12	5	3	62	18	91
2020	First Nations	31	28	23	15	0	2	60	16	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	35	16	10	5	2	68	16	2827
2019	Indigenous	14	30	15	18	21	3	45	40	82
2019	First Nations	17	23	14	26	19	0	40	45	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	37	17	14	9	1	59	23	2477
2018	Indigenous	17	29	19	17	16	2	47	34	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	37	16	15	9	2	59	25	2445

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	43	6	17	0	0	0	76	17	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	55	11	15	2	1	0	72	18	520
2019	Indigenous	22	28	11	39	0	0	0	50	39	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	51	13	10	4	1	2	72	14	459

Work-related stress

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	22	21	10	17	1	3	51	28	90
2022	First Nations	27	18	20	11	20	0	4	47	32	45
2022	Métis	24	25	22	8	16	2	2	51	26	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	29	18	9	11	0	2	61	20	2790
2020	Indigenous	28	27	28	9	7	1	1	56	16	91
2020	First Nations	27	30	26	10	2	2	2	60	13	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	29	23	12	10	0	1	54	22	2826
2019	Indigenous	20	22	17	11	31	0	0	42	41	81
2019	First Nations	29	21	15	5	30	0	0	50	35	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	27	24	15	18	0	1	43	33	2482
2018	Indigenous	16	15	26	12	26	0	5	32	41	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	22	26	15	21	0	1	37	36	2444

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	23	24	21	25	0	0	30	47	90
2022	First Nations	4	20	20	25	31	0	0	25	56	45
2022	Métis	9	27	24	18	23	0	0	36	40	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	20	27	19	21	0	1	32	41	2795
2020	Indigenous	4	23	35	22	13	0	2	28	36	91
2020	First Nations	7	19	35	21	17	0	2	26	39	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	20	30	21	19	0	0	30	41	2834
2019	Indigenous	15	20	23	25	16	0	1	36	41	82
2019	First Nations	18	20	22	30	10	0	0	38	40	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	23	29	20	15	0	0	36	35	2479
2018	Indigenous	10	17	36	23	13	1	0	27	37	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	21	30	23	17	0	1	30	40	2442

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	34	29	12	12	0	0	47	24	95
2022	First Nations	13	26	32	17	12	0	0	40	29	45
2022	Métis	14	43	24	8	12	0	0	56	20	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	26	26	16	14	0	1	44	30	2795
2020	Indigenous	15	31	30	9	12	0	2	47	22	90
2020	First Nations	23	25	29	9	12	0	2	49	22	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	27	27	17	13	0	1	43	30	2829
2019	Indigenous	21	30	22	13	10	0	4	52	25	82
2019	First Nations	26	35	15	10	12	0	3	62	22	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	28	28	15	10	0	1	46	26	2468
2018	Indigenous	11	35	33	10	8	1	1	47	19	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	27	29	17	11	0	1	42	28	2436

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	15	20	22	28	2	1	28	52	95
2022	First Nations	11	11	23	24	28	2	2	23	54	45
2022	Métis	13	20	16	18	30	2	0	34	49	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	23	23	17	18	1	1	41	36	2800
2020	Indigenous	14	26	23	17	19	0	2	40	36	91
2020	First Nations	17	22	24	19	17	0	2	40	36	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	23	26	18	14	1	1	40	33	2827
2019	Indigenous	16	21	27	15	18	0	2	38	34	81
2019	First Nations	21	17	32	16	12	0	2	39	29	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	24	26	18	14	1	1	41	33	2461
2018	Indigenous	8	24	28	19	17	4	1	33	37	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	22	25	21	17	1	1	36	39	2441

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	31	20	12	13	0	4	54	26	90
2022	First Nations	21	24	22	15	12	0	6	48	29	45
2022	Métis	20	37	15	7	19	0	2	58	26	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	23	20	12	14	0	3	52	27	2800
2020	Indigenous	27	28	17	15	10	0	3	57	25	91
2020	First Nations	33	21	14	19	6	0	6	58	27	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	24	21	14	14	0	2	49	29	2820
2019	Indigenous	35	23	20	8	10	0	5	61	19	82
2019	First Nations	40	25	23	3	5	0	4	68	8	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	26	19	11	9	0	3	59	21	2466
2018	Indigenous	23	37	15	10	8	1	6	65	19	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	23	22	13	10	0	4	53	23	2434

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	26	31	11	18	0	0	40	29	90
2022	First Nations	15	21	38	12	14	0	0	36	26	45
2022	Métis	14	32	23	9	22	0	0	46	31	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	22	24	15	17	0	1	44	32	2800
2020	Indigenous	17	27	29	16	11	0	0	44	27	89
2020	First Nations	17	30	26	18	8	0	0	47	26	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	24	25	17	16	0	0	42	33	2822
2019	Indigenous	24	29	29	8	11	0	0	53	19	82
2019	First Nations	23	32	31	8	6	0	0	55	14	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	27	24	14	12	0	1	50	26	2483
2018	Indigenous	10	31	28	17	13	1	0	41	30	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	26	25	16	13	0	1	46	29	2446

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	34	27	8	5	1	0	60	13	95
2022	First Nations	21	37	33	7	0	2	0	59	7	45
2022	Métis	30	31	22	7	10	0	0	61	17	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	32	20	9	7	1	1	63	16	2800
2020	Indigenous	34	33	17	5	9	1	1	68	15	91
2020	First Nations	39	30	15	6	6	2	2	72	12	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	35	22	8	4	1	1	65	12	2829
2019	Indigenous	20	27	26	9	14	1	3	49	24	80
2019	First Nations	23	30	22	9	14	0	3	54	23	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	37	23	9	5	1	1	62	15	2474
2018	Indigenous	22	21	31	15	6	2	3	45	22	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	34	25	11	6	0	1	57	18	2435

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	39	21	12	8	0	0	59	19	95
2022	First Nations	15	46	25	10	4	0	0	62	14	45
2022	Métis	27	32	18	14	8	0	0	60	22	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	33	20	11	7	1	1	61	18	2800
2020	Indigenous	32	28	26	5	9	0	0	60	14	91
2020	First Nations	39	24	28	6	4	0	0	62	10	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	36	23	10	5	1	1	61	15	2823
2019	Indigenous	18	30	21	13	15	1	1	49	29	80
2019	Métis	12	30	21	16	16	2	3	44	33	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	35	26	11	5	1	1	58	16	2473
2018	Indigenous	18	32	25	17	3	1	3	53	21	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	35	26	14	6	0	1	54	20	2432

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	38	17	5	8	1	0	69	13	90
2022	First Nations	29	46	11	4	8	2	0	76	13	45
2022	Métis	30	33	24	6	6	0	0	63	13	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	33	16	7	4	0	1	72	12	2800
2020	Indigenous	42	31	16	6	5	0	0	73	11	91
2020	First Nations	51	30	9	6	6	0	0	80	11	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	35	19	8	3	0	1	69	12	2823
2019	Indigenous	27	28	21	14	9	1	0	55	23	81
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	36	19	9	4	0	1	67	13	2469
2018	Indigenous	26	36	19	14	5	1	0	63	19	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	35	22	10	6	0	1	61	16	2432

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	25	12	8	5	1	0	75	13	90
2022	First Nations	40	32	10	11	4	2	0	74	16	45
2022	Métis	57	19	14	5	5	0	0	76	10	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	27	15	7	6	0	1	73	13	2800
2020	Indigenous	49	23	13	10	5	0	0	72	15	90
2020	First Nations	51	25	13	6	4	0	0	77	10	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	28	17	8	6	0	1	69	14	2807
2019	Indigenous	29	21	18	13	17	1	1	51	30	81
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	28	17	9	8	0	1	66	17	2465

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	26	16	5	3	0	76	8	95
2022	First Nations	50	24	20	4	2	0	74	6	45
2022	Métis	54	29	9	6	2	0	82	8	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	28	14	5	4	1	77	9	2800
2020	Indigenous	23	31	21	20	4	0	54	25	90
2020	First Nations	29	34	16	19	2	0	63	21	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	30	25	14	7	0	54	21	2833

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	27	20	13	8	0	0	60	20	90
2022	First Nations	32	27	24	13	4	0	0	60	17	45
2022	Métis	34	24	15	14	13	0	0	58	27	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	31	21	9	7	0	1	62	17	2800
2020	Indigenous	17	33	16	24	7	1	1	52	32	90
2020	First Nations	16	41	11	21	7	2	2	60	29	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	31	27	13	8	0	0	52	21	2826
2019	Indigenous	30	24	22	12	10	1	1	55	22	81
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	32	24	10	5	0	1	62	15	2463
2018	Indigenous	18	37	28	15	1	1	0	56	16	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	33	24	12	5	0	1	58	17	2422

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	25	7	6	4	1	1	82	10	95
2022	First Nations	54	26	8	7	2	0	2	81	10	45
2022	Métis	57	24	6	7	4	2	0	82	11	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	24	12	6	6	1	2	76	12	2795
2020	Indigenous	41	26	25	3	4	0	0	68	7	91
2020	First Nations	48	30	16	4	2	0	0	78	6	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	31	19	7	3	0	1	71	10	2820
2019	Indigenous	45	17	16	12	8	1	1	63	21	80
2019	First Nations	39	22	19	10	7	0	2	63	18	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	27	14	5	4	0	1	77	9	2458
2018	Indigenous	45	28	14	6	6	1	0	74	13	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	47	26	14	7	4	0	2	75	11	2426

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	37	9	4	2	0	85	6	90
2022	First Nations	49	35	13	4	0	0	84	4	45
2022	Métis	42	44	6	4	4	0	85	9	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	34	16	5	3	1	76	9	2795
2020	Indigenous	19	32	23	17	7	1	52	24	91
2020	First Nations	26	40	25	6	2	0	66	8	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	35	27	12	7	0	54	19	2820

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	74	13	5	3	4	0	1	89	6	95
2022	First Nations	72	14	7	0	4	0	2	88	4	45
2022	Métis	77	13	2	4	4	0	0	90	7	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	70	13	5	2	2	1	7	91	4	2795
2020	Indigenous	59	23	7	4	1	2	5	87	6	91
2020	First Nations	62	21	4	4	0	4	5	91	4	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	65	17	7	3	1	1	6	88	5	2814
2019	Indigenous	70	10	5	7	5	1	2	83	12	81
2019	Non-Indigenous	72	12	5	2	2	1	6	90	4	2461
2018	Indigenous	64	18	10	0	1	1	5	88	1	82
2018	Non-Indigenous	70	14	6	2	2	1	5	90	4	2429

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	74	13	10	1	0	1	1	89	1	95
2022	First Nations	71	11	14	2	0	0	2	83	2	45
2022	Métis	78	16	6	0	0	0	0	94	0	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	77	9	4	2	2	2	4	92	4	2795
2020	Indigenous	66	18	2	5	4	1	3	88	10	90
2020	First Nations	67	21	2	0	4	2	4	93	4	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	78	9	5	2	2	1	4	91	4	2820
2019	Indigenous	54	16	9	3	14	1	2	73	18	82
2019	First Nations	48	19	12	3	11	3	4	72	15	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	72	11	6	3	4	1	3	86	7	2471
2018	Indigenous	52	23	9	6	5	1	4	79	12	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	68	14	6	4	3	1	4	86	8	2423

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	67	26	5	0	1	1	93	1	95
2022	First Nations	67	24	7	0	0	2	93	0	45
2022	Métis	67	27	4	0	2	0	94	2	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	68	20	5	2	1	3	91	4	2805
2020	Indigenous	67	17	6	6	1	2	86	8	91
2020	First Nations	68	13	6	10	0	2	83	10	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	23	8	3	1	2	88	4	2813
2019	Indigenous	47	28	12	5	6	1	76	12	82
2019	First Nations	48	30	10	2	7	2	80	9	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	30	10	3	3	2	84	6	2464
2018	Indigenous	55	25	10	5	4	1	81	9	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	52	28	13	4	2	1	80	7	2432

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	70	14	9	2	3	0	1	85	5	90
2022	First Nations	65	14	13	4	2	0	2	81	7	45
2022	Métis	77	15	6	0	2	0	0	92	2	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	68	16	6	3	3	1	2	87	7	2800
2020	Indigenous	68	8	13	3	4	1	1	79	7	91
2020	First Nations	68	6	17	0	4	2	2	78	4	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	65	18	7	4	3	0	2	86	7	2814
2019	Indigenous	49	25	10	4	10	0	2	76	14	82
2019	First Nations	53	23	13	3	6	0	2	78	9	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	59	20	10	5	4	0	2	81	9	2466
2018	Indigenous	39	23	24	12	1	0	1	63	13	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	53	23	11	6	6	0	1	77	12	2423

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	65	13	3	0	0	19	96	0	90
2022	First Nations	57	15	7	0	0	21	91	0	45
2022	Métis	75	11	0	0	0	15	100	0	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	63	11	5	1	1	19	91	3	2795
2020	Indigenous	60	9	2	0	1	27	95	2	91
2020	First Nations	55	11	5	0	0	29	93	0	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	60	14	4	1	1	20	93	2	2816
2019	Indigenous	58	15	1	2	0	24	96	2	82
2019	First Nations	65	10	0	4	0	21	95	5	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	14	6	2	1	22	90	3	2460
2018	Indigenous	48	17	5	3	1	26	88	5	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	16	7	2	1	24	88	3	2413

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	63	27	4	0	3	4	93	3	95
2022	First Nations	56	33	7	0	2	2	90	2	45
2022	Métis	74	19	0	0	4	4	96	4	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	69	16	6	2	1	6	90	3	2790
2020	Indigenous	55	21	15	4	0	5	80	4	90
2020	First Nations	53	21	17	4	0	4	78	5	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	64	22	7	2	1	3	90	3	2827
2019	Indigenous	70	15	6	0	4	5	90	4	82
2019	First Nations	73	15	5	0	3	5	92	3	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	62	20	9	2	1	5	87	4	2458
2018	Indigenous	60	17	9	5	0	9	85	6	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	59	21	9	3	1	6	86	4	2418

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	82	7	5	2	1	0	3	92	3	95
2022	First Nations	84	8	2	2	0	0	4	96	2	45
2022	Métis	81	6	7	2	3	0	2	89	5	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	78	10	3	1	2	1	4	93	4	2805
2020	Indigenous	71	16	0	7	2	0	4	91	9	91
2020	First Nations	70	18	0	8	0	0	4	92	8	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	74	14	5	2	2	0	3	91	4	2830
2019	Indigenous	72	11	8	3	3	0	3	86	6	82
2019	First Nations	77	7	6	5	2	0	3	86	8	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	75	11	5	2	3	0	4	90	5	2469
2018	Indigenous	65	13	8	1	5	1	6	85	6	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	73	13	5	2	3	0	4	89	6	2428

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	30	12	4	5	1	78	9	95
2022	First Nations	52	28	5	6	6	2	82	12	45
2022	Métis	40	33	19	2	5	0	74	7	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	27	14	4	3	3	78	7	2805
2020	Indigenous	39	25	20	9	3	4	67	13	91
2020	First Nations	45	22	19	8	4	2	68	13	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	31	16	5	3	1	76	8	2831
2019	Indigenous	43	28	21	5	1	2	72	6	81
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	28	14	4	2	2	80	6	2464
2018	Indigenous	41	37	11	3	3	4	82	6	83
2018	Non-Indigenous	47	30	14	4	2	2	79	6	2426

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	3	21	47	19	10	24	29	95
2022	First Nations	0	16	47	24	12	16	36	45
2022	Métis	7	23	50	12	8	29	20	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	25	40	19	8	32	28	2805
2020	Indigenous	8	25	37	27	3	33	30	90
2020	First Nations	12	35	27	25	0	47	25	47
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	26	41	18	7	33	25	2829
2019	Indigenous	9	25	38	18	10	34	28	82
2019	First Nations	12	24	36	17	11	35	28	40
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	28	39	17	5	38	23	2481
2018	Indigenous	6	21	49	16	8	27	24	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	25	41	19	7	33	26	2445

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	21	41	17	5	22	37	95
2022	First Nations	14	26	43	15	2	17	40	45
2022	Métis	20	13	38	19	9	28	34	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	24	40	17	8	24	35	2795
2020	Indigenous	16	20	40	18	6	24	36	91
2020	First Nations	17	16	34	23	10	33	33	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	25	39	18	5	23	38	2827
2019	Indigenous	16	21	39	15	9	24	37	80
2019	First Nations	14	23	36	17	10	26	37	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	23	41	20	7	26	33	2464
2018	Indigenous	5	35	40	18	3	21	39	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	25	40	19	6	25	35	2412

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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	62	16	0	95
2022	First Nations	21	63	16	0	45
2022	Métis	24	61	15	0	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	57	19	1	2805
2020	Indigenous	37	42	21	0	91
2020	First Nations	33	43	24	0	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	41	20	1	2835

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	68	20
2022	Métis	27	73	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	62	645
2020	Indigenous	42	58	34
2020	First Nations	58	42	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	69	1105

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	15	11	5	8	3	13	71	15	95
2022	First Nations	46	14	8	6	10	4	13	71	19	45
2022	Métis	42	16	15	2	6	3	16	72	10	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	15	10	5	5	3	21	75	13	2805
2020	Indigenous	35	21	12	10	7	3	12	66	19	91
2020	First Nations	35	27	6	7	8	4	13	75	18	48
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	19	13	8	6	2	12	68	17	2832
2019	Indigenous	27	19	9	11	24	0	10	51	39	80
2019	First Nations	36	19	6	8	15	0	16	66	27	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	18	15	10	11	1	9	61	23	2465
2018	Indigenous	37	15	19	7	14	0	8	56	23	84
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	16	15	10	11	1	10	59	24	2441

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	4	22	4	14	48	7	0	28	67	20
2022	Métis	0	18	8	18	57	0	0	18	75	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	21	13	18	33	1	5	32	54	645
2020	Indigenous	8	47	6	6	32	0	0	56	38	34
2020	First Nations	6	70	7	0	18	0	0	75	18	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	15	15	22	35	1	4	23	61	1102

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	22	0	9	59	5	5	24	76	20
2022	Métis	0	26	0	9	65	0	0	26	74	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	16	10	21	43	1	3	23	67	650
2020	Indigenous	3	33	9	9	38	0	9	39	51	34
2020	First Nations	5	51	7	0	30	0	6	60	32	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	11	12	22	49	1	2	15	73	1103

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Department of Justice by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources