2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Natural Resources Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Employee engagement
- Employee engagement
Leadership
- Immediate supervisor
- Senior management
Workforce
Workplace
Workplace well-being
Compensation
- Pay or other compensation issues
- Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

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Employee engagement

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	37	4	3	9	83	12	70
2022	First Nations	53	27	5	5	10	80	15	40
2022	Métis	35	50	4	0	11	85	11	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	37	10	7	4	78	11	2710
2020	Indigenous	53	35	6	1	4	89	5	74
2020	First Nations	52	39	2	2	4	91	7	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	39	11	7	3	80	9	2769
2019	Indigenous	45	34	10	8	3	79	12	81
2019	First Nations	49	34	6	6	5	83	11	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	37	11	7	4	77	12	2715
2018	Indigenous	35	31	18	9	8	65	17	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	42	11	7	3	79	10	2565

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	29	7	8	12	1	72	20	70
2022	First Nations	49	22	7	4	15	3	73	20	40
2022	Métis	37	35	10	12	6	0	72	18	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	35	11	9	6	0	75	14	2710
2020	Indigenous	52	32	6	1	8	0	84	9	74
2020	First Nations	52	33	8	2	4	0	86	7	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	37	11	9	5	0	75	14	2762
2019	Indigenous	39	30	12	12	7	0	69	19	81
2019	First Nations	41	36	13	8	2	0	77	10	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	34	12	10	7	0	71	17	2700
2018	Indigenous	30	32	20	7	11	0	62	17	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	37	13	10	7	0	70	17	2574

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	30	7	4	1	87	6	70
2022	First Nations	58	27	8	5	2	85	7	40
2022	Métis	57	31	8	5	0	88	5	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	33	10	3	2	85	5	2710
2020	Indigenous	70	26	1	0	3	96	3	73
2020	First Nations	64	31	2	0	2	95	2	44
2020	Métis	80	16	0	0	3	97	3	28
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	33	10	3	1	86	5	2744
2019	Indigenous	52	29	15	1	2	81	4	80
2019	First Nations	57	32	9	0	2	89	2	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	32	10	3	2	85	6	2697
2018	Indigenous	52	26	12	7	2	79	9	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	35	9	3	2	86	4	2556

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	28	11	3	5	81	8	70
2022	First Nations	53	20	14	6	7	73	13	40
2022	Métis	56	33	8	0	3	89	3	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	36	10	6	2	82	8	2710
2020	Indigenous	60	31	4	1	4	90	5	74
2020	First Nations	56	36	3	2	2	93	4	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	36	10	4	2	83	6	2769
2019	Indigenous	44	33	11	9	2	77	12	81
2019	First Nations	45	36	11	6	2	81	8	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	36	10	6	3	82	9	2711
2018	Indigenous	43	25	20	6	6	68	12	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	39	11	5	2	81	8	2571

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	32	10	9	8	1	72	18	70
2022	First Nations	45	18	13	15	9	0	63	24	40
2022	Métis	33	48	6	3	6	3	84	9	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	33	12	7	5	1	75	12	2710
2020	Indigenous	56	22	10	4	7	0	78	11	74
2020	First Nations	53	26	11	5	5	0	79	10	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	32	13	6	3	1	77	9	2759
2019	Indigenous	41	25	17	11	6	1	66	17	81
2019	First Nations	39	25	20	16	0	0	64	16	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	33	15	8	5	1	73	12	2708
2018	Indigenous	36	27	18	8	11	0	63	19	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	33	17	8	4	1	71	12	2571

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	26	16	8	9	0	66	17	70
2022	First Nations	42	18	19	12	9	0	61	21	40
2022	Métis	39	38	13	0	9	0	77	9	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	35	12	9	5	0	75	14	2705
2020	Indigenous	53	26	12	4	6	0	79	9	74
2020	First Nations	48	31	14	4	2	0	79	6	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	35	13	6	3	1	78	9	2737
2019	Indigenous	43	28	13	10	7	0	71	17	80
2019	First Nations	39	28	18	13	3	0	67	15	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	35	14	9	4	0	73	13	2702
2018	Indigenous	36	30	11	9	13	0	67	22	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	37	16	8	4	0	72	12	2559

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	24	28	12	13	3	0	46	25	70
2022	First Nations	16	29	23	19	14	0	0	45	33	40
2022	Métis	29	14	37	3	9	8	0	47	13	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	27	16	10	7	4	1	65	18	2710
2020	Indigenous	54	11	20	1	8	4	1	69	10	74
2020	First Nations	43	18	26	0	7	4	2	65	7	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	26	17	9	5	4	1	68	15	2766
2019	Indigenous	38	21	23	10	7	0	1	60	17	81
2019	First Nations	33	25	24	15	3	0	0	58	18	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	25	19	11	6	3	1	62	18	2713
2018	Indigenous	32	19	26	5	14	2	2	53	20	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	28	19	11	6	3	1	62	18	2568

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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	32	14	3	4	1	5	77	8	70
2022	First Nations	49	23	14	6	6	2	0	74	12	40
2022	Métis	34	39	10	0	3	0	14	85	4	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	28	9	3	2	0	3	85	6	2710
2020	Indigenous	69	14	6	2	4	0	5	87	7	73
2020	First Nations	66	21	5	0	2	0	6	93	2	44
2020	Métis	75	3	5	6	7	0	3	81	14	28
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	25	10	4	3	1	2	83	7	2769
2019	Indigenous	50	23	17	3	3	0	3	76	7	81
2019	First Nations	53	22	21	0	0	0	5	78	0	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	26	12	4	2	1	3	80	7	2711

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	54	23	6	10	6	0	0	77	17	70
2022	First Nations	55	21	6	12	6	0	0	76	18	40
2022	Métis	54	28	6	6	6	0	0	82	12	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	29	10	6	4	0	0	81	10	2700
2020	Indigenous	64	22	4	3	7	0	0	86	9	72
2020	First Nations	61	28	4	2	5	0	0	89	7	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	29	10	6	4	1	0	81	9	2772
2019	Indigenous	49	26	9	9	6	0	1	75	15	81
2019	First Nations	45	30	12	10	0	0	2	78	10	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	31	10	8	5	1	0	77	13	2699
2018	Indigenous	46	20	15	10	7	2	0	67	17	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	34	11	9	4	0	0	76	13	2552

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	27	2	10	5	0	0	84	14	70
2022	First Nations	61	21	0	16	2	0	0	82	18	40
2022	Métis	50	36	5	0	9	0	0	85	9	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	25	8	6	4	0	0	82	10	2710
2020	Indigenous	74	16	4	3	3	0	0	90	6	74
2020	First Nations	72	23	2	2	0	0	0	96	2	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	59	24	8	5	3	0	0	84	8	2771
2019	Indigenous	46	29	14	3	6	0	1	76	9	81
2019	First Nations	45	32	16	3	2	0	2	79	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	28	10	6	4	0	0	79	10	2717
2018	Indigenous	49	25	6	6	12	2	0	74	19	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	47	28	11	8	5	0	0	76	13	2564

Senior management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	24	11	8	5	8	74	15	70
2022	First Nations	47	23	6	10	7	7	76	18	40
2022	Métis	44	20	18	3	3	11	72	7	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	29	13	6	5	9	74	12	2710
2020	Indigenous	45	27	12	1	7	8	78	9	74
2020	First Nations	40	27	19	2	2	9	74	5	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	30	12	6	3	10	76	10	2767
2019	Indigenous	31	25	16	14	7	6	59	23	81
2019	First Nations	35	24	18	12	8	3	61	21	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	31	16	9	5	8	67	15	2717
2018	Indigenous	17	24	26	14	12	7	44	28	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	31	17	9	6	8	65	17	2573

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	39	14	11	7	2	67	18	70
2022	First Nations	24	44	8	11	10	3	70	22	40
2022	Métis	33	31	24	10	3	0	63	13	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	31	14	11	8	3	65	20	2710
2020	Indigenous	46	31	10	6	7	1	78	12	74
2020	First Nations	42	33	11	10	2	2	77	12	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	34	15	9	5	3	70	14	2767
2019	Indigenous	31	28	16	13	8	4	61	23	81
2019	First Nations	37	29	9	14	10	0	67	24	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	32	17	12	8	4	62	20	2710
2018	Indigenous	13	27	28	15	15	2	41	31	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	34	17	14	8	3	60	23	2572

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	24	25	15	10	6	48	26	70
2022	First Nations	20	19	21	19	12	8	43	34	40
2022	Métis	27	28	28	11	3	3	57	15	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	28	17	13	10	7	56	25	2710
2020	Indigenous	37	30	12	9	10	2	69	19	74
2020	First Nations	34	27	16	11	7	4	64	19	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	34	18	12	6	6	62	19	2762
2019	Indigenous	19	28	21	11	12	10	52	25	81
2019	First Nations	21	33	22	11	13	0	54	24	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	29	20	15	9	7	52	26	2702
2018	Indigenous	10	22	29	22	13	4	34	36	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	29	21	18	10	6	48	30	2571

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	29	14	17	12	3	56	29	70
2022	First Nations	21	19	16	22	16	5	42	41	40
2022	Métis	36	41	12	5	6	0	77	11	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	32	16	16	11	3	55	28	2710
2020	Indigenous	30	39	9	9	10	3	71	19	74
2020	First Nations	22	45	8	14	7	4	70	22	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	38	15	14	7	2	64	21	2768
2019	Indigenous	23	26	14	16	15	6	52	33	81
2019	First Nations	21	26	15	22	16	0	47	38	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	30	18	18	12	4	50	31	2710
2018	Indigenous	13	24	21	26	17	0	36	43	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	29	20	21	13	3	45	34	2575

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Workforce

Performance management

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	41	5	8	10	0	77	18	70
2022	First Nations	32	40	4	10	14	0	72	24	40
2022	Métis	43	41	7	6	3	0	84	9	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	34	13	9	7	0	70	16	2710
2020	Indigenous	49	30	11	2	8	0	79	10	74
2020	First Nations	50	29	13	4	4	0	79	9	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	38	13	10	5	0	72	15	2767
2019	Indigenous	39	33	10	9	8	1	73	17	81
2019	First Nations	38	37	18	2	5	0	75	7	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	36	14	13	7	0	67	19	2711
2018	Indigenous	28	38	10	11	12	0	67	23	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	34	16	12	9	0	63	21	2572

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	35	12	10	5	0	74	15	70
2022	First Nations	40	35	8	13	4	0	75	17	40
2022	Métis	36	36	17	5	6	0	72	11	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	42	8	9	4	0	78	14	2710
2020	Indigenous	50	32	11	5	3	0	81	8	73
2020	First Nations	46	35	12	4	2	0	81	7	44
2020	Métis	58	27	8	3	4	0	85	7	28
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	42	10	10	4	0	76	14	2753
2019	Indigenous	31	33	24	9	3	0	64	13	81
2019	First Nations	30	39	24	2	5	0	69	7	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	40	12	12	5	0	71	17	2702
2018	Indigenous	29	31	18	14	6	2	61	21	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	41	12	12	5	0	71	17	2579

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	34	5	8	7	0	1	80	15	70
2022	First Nations	52	23	5	9	8	0	3	78	18	40
2022	Métis	37	44	5	7	6	0	0	81	14	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	30	11	7	5	0	0	77	12	2705
2020	Indigenous	61	21	9	1	7	0	1	83	8	74
2020	First Nations	56	31	6	2	2	0	2	89	5	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	31	11	6	4	1	1	78	11	2767
2019	Indigenous	43	24	15	8	7	0	2	69	15	81
2019	First Nations	42	24	22	4	5	0	2	68	9	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	32	12	8	5	1	1	74	14	2707
2018	Indigenous	36	31	12	8	8	3	2	70	18	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	35	12	9	4	0	0	74	13	2565

Job fit and development

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	26	16	20	6	0	0	57	26	70
2022	First Nations	38	19	12	27	4	0	0	57	31	40
2022	Métis	29	32	24	8	6	0	0	62	14	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	39	11	10	5	0	1	74	15	2705
2020	Indigenous	30	46	12	7	3	0	3	78	10	74
2020	First Nations	26	47	14	9	2	0	2	74	12	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	40	11	9	4	0	1	76	13	2758
2019	Indigenous	33	31	15	13	6	1	1	65	19	81
2019	First Nations	31	29	20	11	8	0	2	61	19	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	38	13	11	4	0	1	72	15	2707
2018	Indigenous	31	43	13	8	6	0	0	73	14	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	45	12	11	4	0	1	72	16	2578

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	18	15	5	1	0	0	80	6	70
2022	First Nations	68	15	13	4	0	0	0	83	4	40
2022	Métis	49	25	19	3	3	0	0	74	6	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	23	11	4	4	2	1	80	9	2705
2020	Indigenous	65	18	9	1	5	1	0	84	7	74
2020	First Nations	65	21	7	2	2	2	0	88	5	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	24	12	5	5	1	1	78	10	2765

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	27	21	16	6	4	56	23	70
2022	First Nations	25	28	17	21	4	6	56	26	40
2022	Métis	27	27	26	12	6	3	55	18	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	34	17	12	9	4	60	22	2710
2020	Indigenous	38	27	12	12	8	1	67	21	74
2020	First Nations	32	31	17	13	5	2	64	19	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	34	18	12	8	4	60	21	2765
2019	Indigenous	23	28	14	18	14	4	52	33	81
2019	First Nations	25	20	12	26	15	2	46	42	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	31	18	15	11	3	55	26	2713
2018	Indigenous	17	35	23	4	19	2	53	24	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	33	19	16	11	2	53	28	2573

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	27	11	9	7	0	3	72	16	70
2022	First Nations	49	29	11	7	4	0	0	78	11	40
2022	Métis	35	24	9	14	9	0	8	64	26	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	25	14	5	4	1	5	75	10	2710
2020	Indigenous	39	28	14	7	10	0	1	68	17	74
2020	First Nations	35	36	18	2	6	0	2	73	9	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	24	13	5	3	1	4	78	8	2773
2019	Indigenous	46	23	15	8	5	0	2	71	13	81
2019	First Nations	35	32	15	10	7	0	2	68	17	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	24	13	4	2	1	4	79	7	2714

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	51	13	22	8	4	0	3	66	12	70
2022	First Nations	49	13	25	11	2	0	0	62	14	40
2022	Métis	50	17	18	0	6	0	8	73	7	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	24	13	6	4	2	5	76	10	2705
2020	Indigenous	51	21	18	3	3	3	2	76	5	74
2020	First Nations	52	18	17	2	2	5	4	77	5	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	27	13	6	3	1	3	77	10	2770
2019	Indigenous	46	26	9	9	6	0	3	75	16	81
2019	First Nations	42	25	10	10	8	0	5	71	19	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	24	15	6	4	2	4	74	10	2703

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	70	10	3	6	5	2	3	85	11	70
2022	First Nations	68	10	4	9	5	4	0	82	14	40
2022	Métis	80	3	3	3	3	0	8	90	7	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	8	4	2	2	4	6	90	5	2705
2020	Indigenous	75	6	2	5	5	5	1	87	11	74
2020	First Nations	67	7	4	5	5	9	2	84	11	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	76	8	4	2	2	4	4	91	5	2763
2019	Indigenous	69	8	6	7	6	3	1	80	14	81
2019	First Nations	67	3	12	7	8	3	0	72	16	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	75	8	4	2	2	4	4	90	5	2702

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	76	5	2	1	4	1	11	92	5	70
2022	First Nations	81	4	0	2	5	2	7	93	7	40
2022	Métis	71	3	6	0	3	0	17	89	4	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	70	9	4	2	2	2	12	91	4	2705
2020	Indigenous	73	9	9	1	1	0	6	88	3	73
2020	First Nations	76	4	11	2	0	0	6	86	2	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	75	10	4	1	1	3	7	94	2	2766
2019	Indigenous	78	8	4	2	3	0	5	90	6	81
2019	First Nations	74	9	5	2	2	0	8	89	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	79	5	2	1	1	2	9	95	2	2699

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	30	17	13	24	0	0	45	38	70
2022	First Nations	13	30	14	10	33	0	0	43	43	40
2022	Métis	21	24	21	22	13	0	0	44	35	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	32	12	16	13	3	3	57	31	2710
2020	Indigenous	26	23	9	17	21	1	3	51	40	74
2020	First Nations	22	23	9	23	18	2	2	47	43	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	26	17	16	14	3	3	50	32	2769
2019	Indigenous	20	19	9	16	28	3	4	43	48	81
2019	First Nations	22	23	8	10	31	2	4	48	44	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	26	15	15	18	3	3	49	35	2716
2018	Indigenous	18	20	15	15	26	5	2	40	44	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	26	15	16	20	2	3	46	38	2578

Empowerment

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	39	12	8	9	0	72	17	70
2022	First Nations	29	42	12	5	12	0	71	17	40
2022	Métis	38	34	14	11	3	0	72	14	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	39	10	8	6	0	76	14	2705
2020	Indigenous	52	36	3	4	6	0	87	9	74
2020	First Nations	49	39	5	2	5	0	88	7	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	38	12	8	5	1	76	12	2752
2019	Indigenous	37	37	16	7	4	0	74	10	81
2019	First Nations	41	39	16	5	0	0	79	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	36	12	10	5	0	72	15	2703
2018	Indigenous	25	39	18	10	7	0	64	17	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	39	13	10	5	0	72	15	2566

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	21	15	4	5	76	9	70
2022	First Nations	51	23	20	4	2	74	6	40
2022	Métis	69	16	8	0	8	85	8	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	32	12	6	4	78	10	2705
2020	Indigenous	58	28	5	0	9	86	9	74
2020	First Nations	53	32	8	0	7	85	7	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	32	12	6	4	77	11	2769
2019	Indigenous	44	30	10	11	5	75	15	81
2019	First Nations	43	35	9	11	2	78	13	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	33	13	7	4	75	12	2704
2018	Indigenous	46	26	15	6	7	71	13	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	35	14	8	4	74	12	2565

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	29	13	5	13	0	0	69	17	70
2022	First Nations	46	26	9	4	14	0	0	72	19	40
2022	Métis	39	29	19	6	6	0	0	68	13	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	34	13	8	4	0	1	74	13	2710
2020	Indigenous	46	37	6	4	4	0	3	86	8	74
2020	First Nations	43	38	10	2	2	0	4	85	5	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	41	13	8	3	1	1	76	11	2761
2019	Indigenous	29	33	21	10	7	0	0	62	17	79
2019	First Nations	31	31	21	13	5	0	0	61	18	38
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	39	14	9	4	0	1	72	14	2684
2018	Indigenous	23	37	16	15	8	0	1	61	23	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	36	16	12	5	0	1	66	17	2569

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	35	19	7	4	8	1	67	12	70
2022	First Nations	23	40	18	2	6	12	0	71	9	40
2022	Métis	30	28	21	12	3	3	3	62	16	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	42	17	8	4	3	0	70	13	2710
2020	Indigenous	36	39	15	5	5	0	0	75	11	74
2020	First Nations	32	44	15	7	2	0	0	76	9	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	45	17	7	3	4	0	72	11	2772
2019	Indigenous	25	38	19	5	7	6	0	67	13	81
2019	First Nations	26	40	21	3	5	5	0	69	8	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	42	19	9	4	4	0	66	14	2711
2018	Indigenous	30	27	25	9	9	0	0	57	18	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	40	21	8	5	4	0	64	14	2583

Work-life balance and workload

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	24	8	12	6	1	0	74	18	70
2022	First Nations	40	29	6	13	9	3	0	71	23	40
2022	Métis	61	13	14	9	3	0	0	74	12	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	30	8	9	5	0	0	77	14	2710
2020	Indigenous	52	27	7	9	5	0	0	79	15	74
2020	First Nations	50	32	6	10	2	0	0	82	12	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	32	9	8	4	0	0	78	12	2754
2019	Indigenous	49	29	7	10	5	0	0	78	15	81
2019	First Nations	46	27	10	14	2	0	0	73	16	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	30	10	7	5	0	1	77	13	2706
2018	Indigenous	43	34	11	3	9	0	0	77	12	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	33	9	8	4	0	1	78	12	2575

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	32	13	10	9	0	68	19	70
2022	First Nations	35	29	14	13	9	0	65	21	40
2022	Métis	37	36	16	3	9	0	73	11	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	32	17	9	7	1	67	16	2710
2020	Indigenous	27	37	20	9	7	0	64	16	74
2020	First Nations	30	42	20	6	2	0	72	8	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	34	18	10	6	1	66	16	2757
2019	Indigenous	38	32	15	9	5	1	70	14	80
2019	First Nations	32	33	18	12	5	0	65	17	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	33	17	8	5	1	69	14	2706
2018	Indigenous	24	35	25	5	10	1	60	15	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	33	19	10	6	1	65	16	2582

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	78	9	2	3	2	4	3	92	6	70
2022	First Nations	83	4	2	2	2	6	0	93	5	40
2022	Métis	77	13	0	0	3	0	7	97	3	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	69	21	3	2	1	2	1	93	4	2710

Mobility and retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	24	28	70
2022	First Nations	40	30	30	40
2022	Métis	63	11	25	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	35	30	2710
2020	Indigenous	30	46	24	74
2020	First Nations	30	44	25	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	41	33	2771
2019	Indigenous	41	38	22	81
2019	First Nations	40	39	22	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	37	33	2719
2018	Indigenous	29	39	32	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	40	32	2586

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes, to retire (%)	Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Yes, other reason Specify other reason (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	25	33	6	26	2	35
2022	First Nations	11	14	50	13	12	0	15
2022	Métis	6	37	14	0	38	4	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	27	28	7	15	7	915
2020	Indigenous	25	19	33	0	10	13	22
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	23	35	5	12	6	711
2019	Indigenous	20	16	33	0	16	15	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	20	31	9	17	6	794
2018	Indigenous	8	10	26	23	16	16	18
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	21	34	6	14	6	708

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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	36	6	8	0	1	86	8	70
2022	First Nations	52	33	6	6	0	3	88	7	40
2022	Métis	46	35	8	11	0	0	81	11	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	38	7	6	2	0	85	8	2705
2020	Indigenous	61	28	7	1	3	0	89	4	74
2020	First Nations	52	41	5	0	2	0	93	2	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	38	9	5	2	0	84	8	2755
2019	Indigenous	40	36	18	3	1	1	77	5	80
2019	First Nations	39	41	17	2	0	0	81	2	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	39	10	7	3	0	80	10	2706
2018	Indigenous	40	40	13	6	2	0	80	7	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	41	10	5	2	0	82	7	2575

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	37	12	14	7	0	67	21	70
2022	First Nations	26	32	12	20	10	0	58	30	40
2022	Métis	43	41	9	5	3	0	84	8	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	43	16	12	4	1	67	16	2710
2020	Indigenous	39	39	14	3	4	0	79	7	74
2020	First Nations	34	45	17	0	5	0	78	5	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	46	17	8	3	1	71	12	2769
2019	Indigenous	27	35	21	10	4	3	64	14	81
2019	First Nations	29	31	25	12	3	0	61	15	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	43	19	12	4	2	64	16	2712
2018	Indigenous	20	38	28	8	6	0	58	14	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	43	19	12	4	1	63	17	2576

Organizational performance

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	17	39	19	10	0	3	30	30	70
2022	First Nations	10	17	45	17	8	0	3	26	28	40
2022	Métis	18	18	27	18	15	0	3	35	37	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	20	36	22	10	1	3	33	29	2705
2020	Indigenous	8	17	38	27	10	0	0	36	25	74
2020	First Nations	6	12	44	26	11	0	0	37	18	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	18	40	25	9	1	1	34	26	2765
2019	Indigenous	8	20	34	21	16	0	1	38	28	81
2019	First Nations	8	20	34	22	14	0	2	37	28	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	21	37	24	9	1	1	33	30	2714
2018	Indigenous	13	22	25	15	19	2	4	36	37	57
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	22	38	22	7	0	1	30	31	2574

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	27	22	16	11	4	3	29	47	70
2022	First Nations	20	33	25	9	11	0	3	20	54	40
2022	Métis	15	19	19	26	7	11	3	38	40	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	26	32	14	7	1	4	22	44	2705
2020	Indigenous	17	24	30	16	8	2	3	25	43	74
2020	First Nations	14	26	38	15	2	0	4	18	42	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	23	34	19	8	1	2	28	37	2757
2019	Indigenous	15	27	19	19	15	3	2	36	44	81
2019	First Nations	12	25	22	22	13	2	3	37	39	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	25	29	17	9	1	2	27	43	2703
2018	Indigenous	33	22	19	5	18	2	2	24	57	58
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	26	31	15	6	1	2	22	47	2566

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	11	29	22	22	0	4	45	24	70
2022	First Nations	18	10	29	21	18	0	3	41	29	40
2022	Métis	6	9	32	24	22	0	7	50	16	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	16	28	27	17	0	3	45	25	2705
2020	Indigenous	10	16	30	22	21	0	1	44	26	73
2020	First Nations	6	16	34	23	19	0	2	43	22	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	16	32	29	14	1	1	43	24	2753
2019	Indigenous	8	20	22	28	21	0	1	50	28	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	16	31	27	17	1	1	44	24	2702
2018	Indigenous	16	19	32	13	19	0	2	33	35	56
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	18	32	27	11	1	2	39	28	2568

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	22	22	13	24	1	3	38	39	70
2022	First Nations	18	34	11	8	27	0	3	36	53	40
2022	Métis	9	7	46	15	20	0	3	36	17	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	21	25	19	15	1	5	36	37	2700
2020	Indigenous	17	15	26	23	15	1	3	39	33	74
2020	First Nations	12	13	32	24	12	2	4	39	26	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	20	28	21	13	2	2	35	36	2757
2019	Indigenous	15	20	17	29	14	3	2	45	37	81
2019	First Nations	20	19	10	33	15	2	0	49	40	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	20	28	20	13	2	2	35	36	2707
2018	Indigenous	25	29	23	11	8	2	2	20	56	58
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	25	27	17	10	1	3	28	44	2570

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	20	19	20	20	0	8	43	36	70
2022	First Nations	16	21	20	21	15	0	5	39	40	40
2022	Métis	9	12	18	19	30	0	12	55	24	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	17	24	20	18	5	7	43	30	2705
2020	Indigenous	9	11	23	25	28	0	4	55	20	74
2020	First Nations	11	11	29	23	20	0	7	46	24	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	12	24	31	20	3	3	55	20	2756
2019	Indigenous	7	13	24	28	23	2	2	53	21	81
2019	First Nations	10	7	32	27	19	5	0	48	18	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	15	26	25	19	3	3	48	25	2695
2018	Indigenous	17	20	14	27	14	4	3	45	40	58
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	16	28	25	16	3	4	43	26	2561

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	20	36	7	13	3	1	20	42	70
2022	First Nations	23	23	44	0	11	0	0	11	46	40
2022	Métis	18	17	23	18	17	4	3	37	37	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	23	29	15	10	2	4	26	43	2705
2020	Indigenous	18	23	28	11	18	0	2	30	41	74
2020	First Nations	13	25	40	12	10	0	0	22	38	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	21	33	19	10	2	3	31	35	2757
2019	Indigenous	19	19	27	21	11	2	0	33	39	81
2019	First Nations	22	17	29	16	14	2	0	30	41	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	24	30	17	10	2	2	28	40	2705
2018	Indigenous	28	26	21	3	17	2	3	21	57	57
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	25	32	14	7	2	3	22	45	2575

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	4	6	34	31	23	0	3	55	10	70
2022	First Nations	4	6	39	26	24	0	0	50	11	40
2022	Métis	0	3	31	39	20	0	8	64	3	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	11	31	31	19	0	3	52	16	2710
2020	Indigenous	7	12	41	26	12	0	3	39	19	74
2020	First Nations	5	8	48	29	7	0	2	37	13	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	13	36	30	14	1	1	45	18	2762
2019	Indigenous	9	11	35	31	11	1	1	44	20	81
2019	First Nations	8	8	40	31	12	0	0	43	17	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	15	33	28	15	1	2	44	22	2712

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	27	24	14	14	5	46	29	70
2022	First Nations	18	26	16	12	21	6	47	36	40
2022	Métis	17	26	36	12	6	4	45	18	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	31	19	18	11	4	49	31	2710
2020	Indigenous	30	36	18	8	7	0	66	15	74
2020	First Nations	25	43	17	10	5	0	68	15	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	39	21	13	5	4	60	18	2747
2019	Indigenous	22	17	24	18	13	7	41	33	81
2019	First Nations	26	10	25	23	13	2	38	37	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	32	24	18	7	5	48	26	2700

Diversity and inclusion

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	24	7	12	7	0	0	74	19	70
2022	First Nations	55	17	4	17	6	0	0	72	23	40
2022	Métis	45	32	14	3	7	0	0	77	10	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	27	7	7	5	1	0	81	12	2705
2020	Indigenous	64	24	4	1	7	0	0	88	8	74
2020	First Nations	56	35	4	2	2	0	0	91	4	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	27	8	8	5	1	0	79	13	2760
2019	Indigenous	44	23	8	14	10	0	1	67	25	80
2019	First Nations	52	19	7	11	9	0	2	72	20	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	27	9	9	7	1	0	75	16	2714
2018	Indigenous	44	30	5	10	10	0	1	74	21	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	30	10	10	6	1	1	73	17	2572

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	28	7	2	6	0	85	8	70
2022	First Nations	57	29	6	2	6	0	85	8	40
2022	Métis	58	27	9	3	3	0	85	6	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	61	27	5	5	2	0	88	7	2705
2020	Indigenous	63	29	3	3	3	0	92	5	74
2020	First Nations	61	35	2	0	2	0	96	2	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	28	6	5	2	0	87	7	2753
2019	Indigenous	46	30	9	6	9	0	76	14	81
2019	First Nations	53	26	10	5	6	0	79	11	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	31	6	7	3	0	84	10	2711
2018	Indigenous	40	36	7	8	8	1	77	16	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	34	7	6	3	0	84	9	2571

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	54	24	9	4	4	5	0	83	8	70
2022	First Nations	57	19	12	2	4	6	0	81	6	40
2022	Métis	48	31	6	6	3	5	0	84	10	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	33	7	4	2	1	0	86	6	2705
2020	Indigenous	63	23	6	2	6	0	0	85	8	72
2020	First Nations	61	26	8	2	2	0	0	88	5	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	34	8	4	2	1	0	86	6	2744
2019	Indigenous	47	31	8	7	7	0	0	78	14	81
2019	First Nations	53	33	10	2	2	0	0	86	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	32	10	6	2	1	0	82	8	2716
2018	Indigenous	37	45	8	4	5	0	1	82	9	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	39	10	5	2	1	0	83	7	2573

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	33	12	9	2	9	75	12	70
2022	First Nations	41	21	12	9	2	16	73	13	40
2022	Métis	29	46	15	7	3	0	75	10	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	38	13	7	4	2	76	11	2705
2020	Indigenous	49	29	14	1	5	1	79	7	74
2020	First Nations	42	32	19	2	2	2	76	5	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	40	11	5	3	3	80	8	2763
2019	Indigenous	38	36	6	8	7	6	78	16	81
2019	First Nations	35	39	5	10	7	3	77	18	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	38	14	6	3	2	76	9	2692
2018	Indigenous	37	41	14	4	3	2	79	7	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	41	12	4	2	2	81	6	2565

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	31	14	9	2	4	0	74	11	70
2022	First Nations	41	28	14	10	2	5	0	72	13	40
2022	Métis	47	34	13	0	3	3	0	84	3	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	39	12	6	2	6	0	78	9	2710
2020	Indigenous	51	33	11	1	3	1	0	85	4	73
2020	First Nations	42	42	12	0	2	2	0	85	2	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	36	11	5	2	6	1	80	7	2764
2019	Indigenous	36	38	14	6	1	5	0	77	7	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	36	13	4	2	4	0	80	7	2699
2018	Indigenous	37	30	17	9	3	3	0	69	13	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	38	14	3	2	4	0	80	5	2570

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	37	9	4	6	0	82	9	70
2022	First Nations	47	35	8	5	4	0	83	9	40
2022	Métis	45	35	11	3	6	0	80	9	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	34	7	6	3	0	84	9	2710
2020	Indigenous	69	20	4	3	4	0	89	7	74
2020	First Nations	65	25	5	2	2	0	90	5	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	31	7	4	2	1	87	6	2762
2019	Indigenous	45	40	6	5	5	0	85	9	81
2019	First Nations	41	43	8	5	2	0	85	7	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	33	9	5	3	0	83	7	2708
2018	Indigenous	45	37	8	3	6	0	82	10	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	37	10	4	2	0	84	6	2571

Anti-racism

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	26	6	5	9	1	0	79	14	70
2022	First Nations	57	18	10	7	6	2	0	76	14	40
2022	Métis	55	33	3	0	9	0	0	88	9	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	26	9	6	4	7	5	79	11	2710

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	23	9	9	8	3	0	73	18	70
2022	First Nations	49	22	4	11	9	6	0	75	21	40
2022	Métis	51	24	16	0	9	0	0	74	9	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	26	10	6	3	7	5	78	11	2710

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	15	31	8	4	7	1	52	14	70
2022	First Nations	30	13	31	12	2	10	3	49	16	40
2022	Métis	41	23	27	0	9	0	0	64	9	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	26	22	6	3	16	1	63	11	2710
2020	Indigenous	49	30	11	4	4	3	0	81	8	74
2020	First Nations	36	41	7	4	7	4	0	80	12	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	31	16	6	3	10	1	72	10	2772

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	29	8	10	5	2	1	76	16	70
2022	First Nations	44	25	9	14	6	2	0	70	21	40
2022	Métis	43	38	6	0	6	3	3	87	6	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	31	9	6	4	6	3	79	11	2705
2020	Indigenous	55	32	4	4	4	1	0	88	8	74
2020	First Nations	52	39	2	4	2	0	0	91	7	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	31	10	5	3	5	2	80	9	2761

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	22	29	7	5	22	3	46	16	70
2022	First Nations	11	26	26	8	6	22	0	48	19	40
2022	Métis	16	14	24	7	3	28	9	46	16	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	16	19	4	3	41	4	51	13	2705

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	5	22	15	26	32	0	7	60	50

Ethical workplace

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	20	13	7	7	15	10	64	18	70
2022	First Nations	32	18	16	10	6	10	8	62	19	40
2022	Métis	26	14	13	4	6	22	14	64	16	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	29	15	7	6	8	6	67	15	2705
2020	Indigenous	31	32	16	5	7	4	5	69	13	74
2020	First Nations	30	31	20	7	2	4	6	68	10	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	30	16	8	5	7	4	67	14	2767
2019	Indigenous	28	18	20	12	11	6	5	51	26	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	27	14	10	7	6	5	66	19	2715
2018	Indigenous	21	36	15	2	15	7	3	64	19	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	32	17	10	6	6	4	63	18	2575

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	26	10	17	8	4	0	63	26	70
2022	First Nations	31	23	9	19	12	6	0	58	33	40
2022	Métis	42	25	13	14	3	3	0	69	18	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	35	15	13	7	4	1	63	21	2705
2020	Indigenous	36	34	13	6	8	4	0	72	14	74
2020	First Nations	30	34	16	8	4	7	0	69	14	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	37	15	11	5	3	2	67	17	2764
2019	Indigenous	30	24	15	15	7	5	4	59	25	81
2019	First Nations	32	21	18	9	8	4	7	60	19	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	37	14	11	5	3	2	68	18	2714
2018	Indigenous	26	43	4	16	7	1	3	72	24	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	38	16	11	4	2	1	68	16	2575

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	38	22	6	5	0	67	11	70
2022	First Nations	30	37	18	8	8	0	67	16	40
2022	Métis	34	39	24	0	3	0	73	3	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	35	20	8	4	3	67	12	2705
2020	Indigenous	42	31	17	0	7	3	75	7	74
2020	First Nations	35	35	21	0	5	4	73	5	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	38	18	6	3	2	72	9	2759
2019	Indigenous	29	34	18	12	7	0	63	18	81
2019	First Nations	34	31	22	8	5	0	65	13	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	37	19	9	4	3	67	13	2706
2018	Indigenous	29	42	17	8	5	0	71	12	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	40	21	8	3	2	68	11	2569

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	18	16	12	17	11	1	48	33	70
2022	First Nations	21	15	16	14	20	11	3	41	41	40
2022	Métis	35	13	21	12	13	6	0	52	26	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	23	18	12	10	14	3	53	26	2705
2020	Indigenous	35	22	17	5	13	6	1	62	20	74
2020	First Nations	28	27	14	9	9	11	2	63	21	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	23	18	12	9	12	3	54	24	2763
2019	Indigenous	18	29	13	11	14	9	5	55	30	81
2019	First Nations	23	25	16	8	15	7	7	56	26	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	21	20	12	11	12	3	49	28	2711
2018	Indigenous	18	17	19	18	19	8	2	39	41	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	25	20	13	12	11	2	48	29	2577

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	51	1	9	3	87	12	70
2022	First Nations	33	52	2	11	2	85	13	40
2022	Métis	50	44	0	3	3	94	6	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	43	4	9	4	83	13	2710
2020	Indigenous	35	41	8	10	5	76	16	74
2020	First Nations	35	41	12	9	4	75	13	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	46	4	11	2	83	13	2771

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	32	5	3	1	2	1	90	4	70
2022	First Nations	51	28	7	5	2	4	3	85	7	40
2022	Métis	57	39	4	0	0	0	0	96	0	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	33	7	9	6	0	1	79	14	2700
2020	Indigenous	32	44	8	10	6	0	0	75	17	74
2020	First Nations	23	48	12	11	6	0	0	71	17	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	43	9	10	2	0	0	79	13	2763
2019	Indigenous	51	26	8	8	6	0	1	78	14	81
2019	First Nations	52	19	8	14	7	0	0	71	21	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	33	6	7	3	0	0	84	11	2715

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	33	17	3	1	0	79	4	70
2022	First Nations	43	27	26	5	0	0	69	5	40
2022	Métis	59	34	4	0	3	0	93	3	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	32	7	6	3	0	84	9	2705
2020	Indigenous	44	30	11	8	4	3	77	12	73
2020	First Nations	40	33	14	6	5	2	74	11	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	34	8	6	2	1	85	8	2747
2019	Indigenous	59	24	12	5	0	0	83	5	80
2019	First Nations	61	21	13	6	0	0	82	6	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	31	7	5	2	0	86	7	2700

Use of official languages

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	84	12	2	0	1	0	0	96	1	70
2022	First Nations	80	18	0	0	2	0	0	98	2	40
2022	Métis	97	3	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	74	17	4	2	1	1	1	93	3	2705
2020	Indigenous	68	20	8	0	3	1	0	89	3	74
2020	First Nations	67	21	7	0	2	2	0	90	3	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	77	16	3	2	1	1	1	94	3	2759

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	84	7	6	0	1	1	93	1	70
2022	First Nations	82	9	7	0	0	2	93	0	40
2022	Métis	87	7	3	0	3	0	94	3	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	83	9	3	1	1	2	94	3	2710
2019	Indigenous	74	12	5	1	5	2	89	6	80
2019	First Nations	72	16	3	2	2	5	92	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	82	9	4	1	1	2	93	2	2705

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	21	14	7	2	12	5	73	11	70
2022	First Nations	28	27	16	10	0	12	8	67	13	40
2022	Métis	58	7	10	3	6	14	3	78	10	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	27	17	6	2	8	2	72	10	2710
2020	Indigenous	44	20	19	4	3	5	5	72	7	74
2020	First Nations	39	26	23	2	0	7	2	72	3	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	26	16	5	2	6	2	74	8	2773
2019	Indigenous	28	26	20	6	8	11	1	61	16	81
2019	First Nations	25	29	18	5	9	10	2	62	17	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	26	17	6	3	10	1	71	10	2716

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	89	70
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	2710
2020	Indigenous	16	84	74
2020	First Nations	16	84	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	2767
2019	Indigenous	13	87	79
2019	First Nations	20	80	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	2709
2018	Indigenous	29	71	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	2576

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	57	225
2018	Indigenous	35	65	17
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	52	311

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	64	36	225
2018	Indigenous	68	32	17
2018	Non-Indigenous	62	38	311

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	225
2020	Indigenous	0	100	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	236
2019	Indigenous	0	100	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	305

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	100	225
2020	Indigenous	100	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	100	236
2019	Indigenous	100	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	100	305

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	225
2020	Indigenous	0	100	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	236
2019	Indigenous	0	100	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	305
2018	Indigenous	0	100	17
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	311

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	225
2019	Indigenous	0	100	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	305

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	225
2019	Indigenous	0	100	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	305

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	59	230
2020	Indigenous	47	53	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	59	236
2018	Indigenous	45	55	17
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	61	311

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	55	230
2020	Indigenous	42	58	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	60	236
2019	Indigenous	54	46	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	62	303
2018	Indigenous	37	63	17
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	58	311

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	58	42	230
2018	Indigenous	67	33	17
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	55	311

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	57	230
2019	Indigenous	47	53	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	57	303
2018	Indigenous	61	39	17
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	62	311

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	58	230
2019	Indigenous	50	50	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	67	303
2018	Indigenous	42	58	17
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	63	311

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	50	230
2020	Indigenous	54	46	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	52	236
2018	Indigenous	59	41	17
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	54	311

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	63	230
2020	Indigenous	50	50	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	68	236
2019	Indigenous	47	53	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	69	303

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	230

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	230

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	230

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	50	230
2020	Indigenous	51	49	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	49	236
2018	Indigenous	34	66	17
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	56	311

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	230

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	230

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	48	230
2019	Indigenous	41	59	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	59	41	303
2018	Indigenous	54	46	17
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	44	309

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	230
2018	Indigenous	33	67	17
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	76	309

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	230

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	230
2018	Indigenous	38	62	17
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	83	309

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	230

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	230
2019	Indigenous	0	100	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	303

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	230
2019	Indigenous	0	100	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	303

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	230
2020	Indigenous	0	100	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	236

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	230

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	210

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	210

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	210

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	210

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	210
2018	Indigenous	0	100	15
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	297

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	210

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	210
2018	Indigenous	0	100	15
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	90	297

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	210
2019	Indigenous	0	100	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	275

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	210

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	68	210

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	210
2019	Indigenous	0	100	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	275

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	54	210

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	210
2018	Indigenous	0	100	15
2018	Non-Indigenous	2	98	297

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	43	210
2019	Indigenous	46	54	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	46	275
2018	Indigenous	42	58	15
2018	Non-Indigenous	55	45	297

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	210

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	210
2018	Indigenous	30	70	15
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	297

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	7	17	4	4	47	10	40	20	70
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	12	13	5	5	42	11	49	22	2710
2020	Indigenous	36	11	13	3	6	26	4	67	14	74
2020	First Nations	26	17	10	3	7	33	4	69	16	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	14	15	6	4	36	8	55	18	2769
2019	Indigenous	19	8	19	9	8	29	8	43	26	81
2019	First Nations	21	13	15	8	7	28	9	53	24	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	14	17	7	6	31	8	51	21	2714
2018	Indigenous	21	15	17	9	15	21	2	47	32	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	16	20	7	6	31	6	48	19	2576

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	27	25	2	4	15	1	63	7	70
2022	First Nations	25	30	19	2	4	18	2	69	7	40
2022	Métis	34	21	26	3	3	13	0	64	7	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	32	15	5	4	15	1	72	10	2710
2020	Indigenous	43	29	14	2	8	4	0	75	10	74
2020	First Nations	34	27	22	3	7	7	0	66	10	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	32	14	6	3	12	1	74	10	2767
2019	Indigenous	26	22	27	8	7	9	1	53	17	81
2019	First Nations	25	29	14	12	5	13	2	63	20	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	30	16	6	4	10	1	70	12	2715
2018	Indigenous	30	22	21	12	5	11	0	58	19	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	34	18	5	4	9	1	69	11	2570

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	91	70
2022	First Nations	11	89	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	2705
2020	Indigenous	7	93	74
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	2770
2019	Indigenous	12	88	81
2019	Métis	16	84	38
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	2710
2018	Indigenous	20	80	60
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	2578

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	64	175
2019	Indigenous	45	55	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	56	164

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	74	26	175
2018	Indigenous	55	45	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	79	21	179

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	175
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	179

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	100	175
2019	Indigenous	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	100	164
2018	Indigenous	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	100	179

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	175
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	164
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	179

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	175
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	164
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	179

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	175
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	164

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	70	175

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	175

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	175
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	84	162

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	175
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	177

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	175

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	69	175
2019	Indigenous	56	44	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	69	162

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	175
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	162
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	177

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	175

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	175
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	162
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	177

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	175
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	84	177

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	175

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	79	175
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	82	162

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	100	175
2019	Indigenous	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	100	162
2018	Indigenous	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	100	177

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	175

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	72	175
2018	Indigenous	44	56	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	70	179

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	175

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	175

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	175

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	175

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	175
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	160

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	175
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	160
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	179

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	175
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	160
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	179

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	46	175
2018	Indigenous	41	59	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	55	45	179

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	165

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	165

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	165
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	140

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	165

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	165

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	165

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	165
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	140
2018	Indigenous	0	100	11
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	169

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	165

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	165

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	165

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	165
2019	Indigenous	0	100	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	140

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	54	165

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	165

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	65	35	165

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	165

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	165

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	7	19	5	3	50	6	39	18	70
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	12	15	3	3	45	9	55	13	2710
2020	Indigenous	39	10	14	4	5	26	3	68	13	74
2020	First Nations	30	11	15	5	7	31	2	61	17	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	13	17	3	3	40	7	57	11	2759
2019	Indigenous	19	6	18	6	5	33	14	46	20	80
2019	First Nations	23	10	10	5	3	37	12	65	15	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	13	19	3	3	35	7	55	12	2712
2018	Indigenous	25	15	17	1	10	27	5	59	16	60
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	15	22	4	2	35	6	51	11	2576

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	31	15	8	2	12	2	71	12	70
2022	First Nations	29	25	19	7	2	14	4	67	11	40
2022	Métis	34	39	6	6	3	12	0	83	10	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	33	15	5	3	15	2	74	9	2710
2020	Indigenous	49	23	16	0	6	8	0	77	6	74
2020	First Nations	39	23	20	0	5	13	0	71	5	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	31	16	4	3	13	1	74	7	2765
2019	Indigenous	29	27	19	5	5	15	0	66	12	80
2019	First Nations	29	26	14	8	3	20	0	69	14	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	29	17	4	3	13	1	72	8	2705
2018	Indigenous	34	27	14	3	6	13	3	73	10	60
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	32	20	3	2	13	1	71	7	2577

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	86	70
2022	First Nations	10	90	40
2022	Métis	20	80	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	2710
2020	Indigenous	14	86	73
2020	First Nations	13	87	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	2759
2019	Indigenous	19	81	81
2019	First Nations	19	81	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	2715

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	55	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	43	320
2020	Indigenous	47	53	10
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	60	259

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	40	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	71	29	320
2020	Indigenous	81	19	10
2020	Non-Indigenous	81	19	259
2019	Indigenous	67	33	16
2019	Non-Indigenous	83	17	313

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	30	6	5	3	3	86	8	225
2019	Indigenous	57	43	0	0	0	0	100	0	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	29	5	6	2	0	86	9	259

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	34	5	5	3	3	1	86	9	70
2022	First Nations	45	37	2	7	2	5	2	88	10	40
2022	Métis	62	25	4	3	6	0	0	87	9	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	32	7	5	2	3	3	85	8	2705
2020	Indigenous	60	18	10	4	5	3	0	81	9	74
2020	First Nations	60	23	8	4	0	5	0	87	5	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	30	8	4	2	4	3	85	6	2768

Future of work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?
Survey year	Demographic	20% (1 out of 5 days) (%)	40% (2 out of 5 days) (%)	60% (3 out of 5 days) (%)	80% (4 out of 5 days) (%)	Other Please specify (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	50	14	5	6	30
2022	First Nations	18	56	12	9	6	15
2022	Métis	26	49	18	0	7	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	66	10	7	5	1910

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	75	25	35
2022	First Nations	60	40	20
2022	Métis	94	6	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	74	26	2185

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	56	35
2022	First Nations	46	54	20
2022	Métis	40	60	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	63	2185

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	61	35
2022	First Nations	50	50	20
2022	Métis	21	79	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	44	2185

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	51	49	35
2022	First Nations	41	59	20
2022	Métis	72	28	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	46	2185

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	80	35
2022	First Nations	26	74	20
2022	Métis	6	94	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	81	2185

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	70	35
2022	First Nations	33	67	20
2022	Métis	22	78	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	66	2185

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	80	35
2022	First Nations	25	75	20
2022	Métis	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	2185

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	59	35
2022	First Nations	33	67	20
2022	Métis	54	46	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	72	2185

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	67	35
2022	First Nations	27	73	20
2022	Métis	41	59	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	2185

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	60	35
2022	First Nations	41	59	20
2022	Métis	38	62	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	72	2185

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	77	35
2022	First Nations	31	69	20
2022	Métis	7	93	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	2185

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	3	97	35
2022	First Nations	5	95	20
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	2185

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	83	35
2022	First Nations	13	87	20
2022	Métis	14	86	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	2185

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	63	16	8	3	0	11	88	3	35
2022	First Nations	63	0	14	5	0	18	77	6	20
2022	Métis	69	31	0	0	0	0	100	0	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	72	15	4	2	2	4	92	4	2185

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	8	19	6	47	8	5	61	17	35
2022	First Nations	9	10	20	5	49	0	9	59	20	20
2022	Métis	7	6	21	0	41	24	0	55	18	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	17	16	16	35	3	7	57	25	2185

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	23	21	13	32	2	2	47	31	35
2022	First Nations	9	26	17	18	23	4	4	44	38	20
2022	Métis	6	14	32	7	42	0	0	49	20	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	24	19	16	25	4	2	44	36	2185

Top of page

Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	62	22	3	4	9	0	0	84	13	70
2022	First Nations	64	17	5	4	10	0	0	81	14	40
2022	Métis	68	17	0	6	10	0	0	85	15	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	58	26	6	5	3	1	1	86	8	2710
2020	Indigenous	59	25	8	3	5	0	0	84	8	73
2020	First Nations	60	26	10	2	2	0	0	86	4	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	28	8	5	3	1	0	83	8	2757

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	7	9	14	41	2	18	69	19	70
2022	First Nations	9	12	10	6	40	2	21	59	27	40
2022	Métis	11	0	6	25	42	0	17	80	13	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	4	12	8	42	7	25	72	10	2705

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	37	25	7	5	0	62	12	70
2022	First Nations	25	43	19	8	6	0	67	14	40
2022	Métis	33	29	32	3	3	0	62	6	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	43	15	9	4	4	70	14	2705
2020	Indigenous	47	32	9	4	6	3	81	9	74
2020	First Nations	36	39	12	4	5	4	78	9	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	43	11	5	1	2	83	6	2770
2019	Indigenous	18	41	27	4	7	4	61	11	81
2019	First Nations	14	51	19	3	5	8	70	9	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	43	14	7	3	3	76	10	2709
2018	Indigenous	22	46	16	9	3	3	70	13	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	45	16	8	3	2	73	11	2577

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	22	39	20	6	70
2022	First Nations	16	23	30	23	8	40
2022	Métis	4	19	52	21	5	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	28	34	20	6	2710

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	59	15	20	4	2	0	0	74	6	70
2022	First Nations	70	6	17	7	0	0	0	76	7	40
2022	Métis	50	20	24	0	6	0	0	70	6	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	27	8	4	2	3	1	85	6	2710
2020	Indigenous	60	23	6	3	5	1	2	86	9	73
2020	First Nations	60	28	5	2	2	2	0	90	5	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	27	11	4	3	4	1	82	7	2763

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	20	2	12	15	0	0	71	27	70
2022	First Nations	52	20	2	7	18	0	0	73	25	40
2022	Métis	54	10	0	23	13	0	0	64	36	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	27	8	10	7	2	1	75	17	2710
2020	Indigenous	51	24	3	8	12	4	0	77	20	74
2020	First Nations	46	24	2	11	11	6	0	75	23	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	29	11	11	7	2	1	71	18	2764

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	36	21	7	7	3	64	14	70
2022	First Nations	25	31	26	7	6	5	59	14	40
2022	Métis	28	44	13	9	6	0	72	16	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	38	13	10	7	2	70	17	2705
2020	Indigenous	47	27	6	9	8	2	76	18	73
2020	First Nations	39	28	8	14	7	4	70	22	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	36	14	8	4	2	73	13	2770
2019	Indigenous	25	31	23	7	10	5	58	18	81
2019	First Nations	24	28	24	12	9	3	54	22	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	36	17	12	6	2	64	19	2713
2018	Indigenous	22	31	23	9	14	2	54	23	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	37	18	14	6	2	62	20	2577

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	39	24	17	9	10	0	43	30	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	48	13	15	4	2	1	67	20	820
2020	Indigenous	12	60	11	11	6	0	0	72	17	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	49	14	11	2	1	1	72	13	837
2019	Indigenous	0	48	28	12	8	0	3	50	21	24
2019	Métis	0	34	40	17	9	0	0	34	26	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	44	14	12	4	4	3	68	17	805

Work-related stress

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	31	11	12	22	0	0	55	34	70
2022	First Nations	26	27	11	13	23	0	0	53	36	40
2022	Métis	21	40	10	13	16	0	0	61	29	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	30	18	10	11	1	2	61	21	2700
2020	Indigenous	29	26	16	14	15	0	0	55	29	73
2020	First Nations	25	34	16	12	13	0	0	59	25	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	29	20	9	7	0	1	64	17	2766
2019	Indigenous	21	23	23	11	21	0	1	44	33	81
2019	First Nations	24	23	28	7	17	0	0	47	24	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	29	21	11	14	0	1	54	25	2715
2018	Indigenous	20	21	19	12	28	0	0	41	40	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	29	22	12	14	1	1	50	27	2582

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	30	22	22	7	0	50	28	70
2022	First Nations	25	23	18	26	8	0	48	34	40
2022	Métis	10	42	28	13	6	0	52	19	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	27	26	15	13	1	46	28	2695
2020	Indigenous	21	23	29	18	9	0	44	27	73
2020	First Nations	23	21	35	18	2	0	44	20	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	26	28	16	11	0	45	27	2769
2019	Indigenous	22	32	23	10	13	0	54	23	80
2019	First Nations	16	39	17	14	14	0	55	28	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	31	25	15	9	1	51	24	2707
2018	Indigenous	24	16	22	22	16	0	41	37	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	28	28	17	11	1	43	29	2579

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	27	31	10	5	2	0	54	15	70
2022	First Nations	26	23	33	8	7	3	0	50	15	40
2022	Métis	25	37	26	8	3	0	0	62	11	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	29	19	11	10	0	2	58	22	2695
2020	Indigenous	32	30	17	13	7	0	2	63	20	73
2020	First Nations	31	35	22	10	2	0	0	66	12	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	32	22	11	7	1	1	60	18	2757
2019	Indigenous	36	33	15	8	7	1	0	70	15	81
2019	First Nations	30	33	20	10	7	0	0	63	17	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	32	21	11	6	0	1	62	17	2701
2018	Indigenous	28	19	34	7	9	0	3	48	17	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	33	23	13	8	0	1	55	22	2567

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	24	19	22	13	0	0	45	36	70
2022	First Nations	15	32	18	23	12	0	0	46	35	40
2022	Métis	36	10	22	23	9	0	0	46	32	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	23	22	17	16	1	2	43	34	2700
2020	Indigenous	33	20	17	20	10	0	0	53	30	74
2020	First Nations	28	28	20	17	6	0	0	57	23	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	25	23	16	12	1	2	47	30	2750
2019	Indigenous	28	28	14	13	14	3	0	58	28	80
2019	First Nations	26	28	15	16	14	0	0	54	30	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	26	22	16	13	1	1	49	29	2694
2018	Indigenous	18	16	24	21	18	0	3	35	41	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	23	26	19	13	1	1	41	33	2569

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	25	13	6	6	0	1	75	12	70
2022	First Nations	46	26	13	6	8	0	0	72	15	40
2022	Métis	51	25	16	0	3	0	4	80	3	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	24	14	7	6	0	5	71	14	2700
2020	Indigenous	45	28	16	7	5	0	0	73	12	73
2020	First Nations	49	26	15	9	2	0	0	75	11	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	26	16	9	6	1	3	68	15	2754
2019	Indigenous	54	19	8	9	7	0	4	76	16	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	26	14	6	4	0	3	75	10	2700
2018	Indigenous	45	20	12	7	8	2	6	70	16	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	25	16	8	5	0	5	70	13	2570

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	17	12	15	13	1	0	60	28	70
2022	First Nations	46	16	11	15	12	0	0	62	27	40
2022	Métis	35	22	12	10	17	4	0	60	28	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	29	18	11	10	0	1	59	22	2705
2020	Indigenous	22	22	23	13	19	0	0	44	32	74
2020	First Nations	16	28	29	15	13	0	0	44	28	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	27	24	12	10	0	1	54	22	2757
2019	Indigenous	32	30	16	14	8	0	0	62	22	81
2019	First Nations	22	37	15	18	7	0	0	60	26	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	30	20	10	8	0	1	62	18	2701
2018	Indigenous	33	19	25	7	15	0	2	53	22	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	29	22	11	9	0	1	57	20	2570

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	41	15	6	7	0	0	71	13	70
2022	First Nations	29	44	16	5	6	0	0	74	10	40
2022	Métis	31	41	11	6	12	0	0	71	17	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	33	18	9	7	1	2	66	16	2700
2020	Indigenous	35	38	14	8	5	0	0	73	13	74
2020	First Nations	26	50	15	4	5	0	0	76	9	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	36	19	8	3	1	1	70	11	2764
2019	Indigenous	30	38	16	9	5	0	1	69	14	81
2019	First Nations	35	32	15	10	5	0	2	69	16	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	36	21	9	5	1	1	64	14	2707
2018	Indigenous	27	24	26	17	3	2	2	52	21	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	35	25	9	5	0	1	60	15	2565

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	26	34	12	7	0	0	47	19	70
2022	First Nations	18	24	33	16	9	0	0	42	25	40
2022	Métis	25	25	35	9	6	0	0	50	15	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	34	19	12	8	0	2	60	21	2700
2020	Indigenous	34	33	19	8	6	0	0	67	14	74
2020	First Nations	34	36	15	10	4	0	0	71	14	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	36	21	9	4	1	1	65	13	2764
2019	Indigenous	27	37	21	10	4	1	0	65	14	81
2019	First Nations	22	39	18	12	9	0	0	62	21	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	34	23	11	6	0	1	60	17	2707
2018	Indigenous	23	28	25	16	6	0	2	53	22	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	34	25	13	6	1	1	56	19	2568

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	33	22	13	7	0	0	58	20	70
2022	First Nations	30	29	17	14	10	0	0	59	24	40
2022	Métis	18	41	28	11	3	0	0	59	14	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	31	19	10	8	0	1	63	18	2700
2020	Indigenous	33	44	12	2	9	0	0	76	12	73
2020	First Nations	28	50	9	4	9	0	0	78	13	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	34	19	8	5	0	1	67	13	2758
2019	Indigenous	33	32	13	11	10	1	0	66	21	81
2019	First Nations	38	31	10	10	11	0	0	69	20	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	33	21	11	6	0	1	61	18	2696
2018	Indigenous	32	28	16	13	9	0	2	62	22	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	32	25	12	6	0	1	57	18	2568

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	29	6	9	7	0	0	78	16	70
2022	First Nations	52	23	7	11	7	0	0	76	17	40
2022	Métis	42	40	3	9	6	0	0	82	15	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	28	13	7	6	0	1	73	13	2700
2020	Indigenous	55	20	12	1	9	3	0	77	11	74
2020	First Nations	53	27	11	0	7	2	0	81	7	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	28	14	7	5	1	0	74	12	2754
2019	Indigenous	46	25	18	5	6	0	0	71	11	81
2019	First Nations	46	30	22	3	0	0	0	75	3	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	25	16	9	6	0	1	69	15	2701

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	23	13	11	6	0	71	16	70
2022	First Nations	45	20	17	9	8	0	65	17	40
2022	Métis	50	30	6	11	3	0	80	14	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	27	15	5	4	1	76	9	2700
2020	Indigenous	26	33	23	9	9	0	59	18	74
2020	First Nations	18	38	26	7	11	0	56	18	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	30	25	11	7	0	57	18	2761

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	26	23	15	6	0	0	56	21	70
2022	First Nations	38	22	18	11	10	0	0	61	21	40
2022	Métis	13	28	33	26	0	0	0	41	26	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	31	19	9	5	0	1	67	14	2695
2020	Indigenous	26	24	28	18	4	0	0	50	22	74
2020	First Nations	17	32	36	15	0	0	0	49	15	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	35	22	10	4	0	0	64	15	2756
2019	Indigenous	42	33	14	10	0	1	0	76	10	80
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	33	18	8	4	0	1	69	13	2687
2018	Indigenous	27	38	19	10	6	0	0	65	17	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	33	22	11	5	0	1	61	16	2555

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	62	20	8	4	4	0	3	84	8	70
2022	First Nations	57	17	7	7	8	0	5	78	15	40
2022	Métis	60	29	12	0	0	0	0	88	0	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	23	12	6	6	0	2	76	12	2695
2020	Indigenous	39	30	16	12	2	0	1	69	14	74
2020	First Nations	39	29	13	13	4	0	2	69	17	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	31	15	5	2	0	1	78	7	2751
2019	Indigenous	62	19	11	1	3	2	1	84	5	81
2019	First Nations	67	15	13	2	2	0	0	82	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	24	11	4	3	0	1	82	7	2690
2018	Indigenous	48	27	21	5	0	0	0	75	5	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	52	25	12	5	4	0	2	79	9	2552

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	34	9	5	4	1	82	9	70
2022	First Nations	47	37	14	0	2	0	84	2	40
2022	Métis	45	37	4	11	0	4	85	11	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	32	12	6	4	1	79	9	2705
2020	Indigenous	24	35	24	8	9	0	59	17	74
2020	First Nations	13	44	27	7	9	0	57	16	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	38	21	7	4	0	67	12	2754

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	65	17	4	2	2	3	7	91	5	70
2022	First Nations	69	17	3	4	2	0	6	91	6	40
2022	Métis	58	21	3	0	3	8	8	93	4	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	69	13	5	2	3	1	8	90	5	2700
2020	Indigenous	52	23	8	9	0	1	6	82	10	74
2020	First Nations	54	23	7	9	0	2	6	84	9	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	70	17	5	2	1	1	5	92	3	2754
2019	Indigenous	74	10	4	2	2	0	8	91	5	81
2019	First Nations	79	10	2	2	0	0	6	95	3	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	77	9	4	1	1	1	6	93	2	2692
2018	Indigenous	66	14	6	3	3	0	8	87	7	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	72	14	5	1	1	1	5	92	3	2562

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	71	18	2	2	3	1	2	92	6	70
2022	First Nations	73	16	2	3	4	0	2	91	7	40
2022	Métis	72	16	3	0	3	3	3	94	3	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	75	10	4	2	3	2	4	91	5	2700
2020	Indigenous	77	11	1	2	6	1	1	90	8	73
2020	First Nations	71	17	0	2	5	2	2	93	7	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	79	9	4	2	2	1	3	91	5	2748
2019	Indigenous	69	12	4	7	6	1	1	82	13	81
2019	First Nations	67	15	4	5	6	3	0	85	11	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	74	12	6	3	3	1	2	88	7	2703
2018	Indigenous	54	22	4	4	11	2	3	80	15	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	70	14	6	3	4	1	3	87	7	2564

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	65	23	4	6	2	1	88	8	70
2022	First Nations	58	21	6	10	2	2	81	13	40
2022	Métis	70	27	0	0	3	0	97	3	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	66	21	7	2	2	2	89	4	2700
2020	Indigenous	70	20	1	6	3	0	89	9	74
2020	First Nations	63	28	0	7	2	0	91	9	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	66	21	7	3	1	2	89	4	2748
2019	Indigenous	56	30	8	5	3	0	85	7	81
2019	First Nations	60	29	8	0	3	0	89	3	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	58	25	10	3	2	1	85	5	2701
2018	Indigenous	55	24	16	0	5	0	80	5	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	28	10	4	3	1	83	6	2573

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	67	17	5	4	5	0	1	85	9	70
2022	First Nations	64	17	4	6	7	0	2	83	13	40
2022	Métis	72	16	9	0	3	0	0	88	3	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	64	18	7	4	4	1	2	84	8	2705
2020	Indigenous	70	17	5	1	7	0	0	87	8	73
2020	First Nations	71	16	8	2	2	0	0	87	4	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	67	17	7	4	3	0	1	85	7	2753
2019	Indigenous	59	21	9	4	5	0	1	81	10	81
2019	First Nations	61	18	15	0	6	0	0	80	6	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	60	20	9	6	4	0	1	80	10	2694
2018	Indigenous	44	29	12	5	10	0	0	73	15	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	53	22	12	6	5	0	1	76	11	2562

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	9	1	1	0	34	97	2	70
2022	First Nations	54	6	2	2	0	36	94	3	40
2022	Métis	50	15	0	0	0	35	100	0	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	63	11	4	1	1	19	92	3	2700
2020	Indigenous	63	10	5	3	0	20	90	3	74
2020	First Nations	56	13	7	2	0	23	89	3	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	64	12	5	1	1	17	92	3	2760
2019	Indigenous	55	16	3	2	1	22	91	4	79
2019	First Nations	49	15	0	2	0	33	96	4	38
2019	Non-Indigenous	62	12	6	2	1	18	90	3	2685
2018	Indigenous	53	17	8	2	2	19	86	4	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	14	6	2	1	22	88	4	2548

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	68	14	4	1	2	0	11	91	4	70
2022	First Nations	66	15	4	0	4	0	11	91	5	40
2022	Métis	66	12	6	3	0	0	14	90	3	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	14	4	1	1	0	6	94	2	2695
2020	Indigenous	68	22	5	2	0	0	2	93	2	74
2020	First Nations	62	26	6	4	0	0	2	89	4	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	74	15	5	1	1	0	4	93	2	2766
2019	Indigenous	81	9	2	0	2	0	6	95	2	81
2019	First Nations	78	12	0	0	2	0	7	97	3	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	75	14	5	1	1	0	4	93	2	2698
2018	Indigenous	67	18	7	0	2	2	4	91	2	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	70	16	5	2	0	0	6	92	2	2562

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	21	10	4	3	2	0	83	7	70
2022	First Nations	61	18	13	2	3	3	0	82	5	40
2022	Métis	55	29	8	8	0	0	0	84	8	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	71	13	5	2	4	1	3	88	6	2705
2020	Indigenous	65	17	12	1	4	0	1	83	5	74
2020	First Nations	59	23	9	0	7	0	2	84	7	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	69	16	6	3	3	0	2	87	7	2764
2019	Indigenous	68	17	6	7	1	0	1	86	8	81
2019	First Nations	70	16	7	8	0	0	0	86	8	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	73	12	5	3	3	0	3	88	7	2709
2018	Indigenous	58	18	10	0	9	2	1	80	10	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	68	14	6	3	4	0	3	85	8	2565

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	31	8	6	4	0	83	9	70
2022	First Nations	57	30	9	0	4	0	87	4	40
2022	Métis	40	38	3	16	3	0	78	19	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	26	14	4	3	3	79	7	2700
2020	Indigenous	44	27	17	5	5	1	73	10	74
2020	First Nations	32	40	21	2	2	2	74	5	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	29	14	5	3	1	78	7	2767
2019	Indigenous	55	26	13	4	0	2	83	4	80
2019	First Nations	49	28	15	5	0	2	79	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	26	12	3	2	1	84	5	2701
2018	Indigenous	46	29	16	7	0	1	76	7	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	29	14	4	2	2	80	5	2565

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	39	33	13	7	47	20	70
2022	First Nations	8	36	29	20	7	44	27	40
2022	Métis	8	40	46	0	6	48	6	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	32	37	14	6	42	21	2710
2020	Indigenous	19	32	30	15	4	51	19	73
2020	First Nations	14	39	33	12	2	53	14	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	35	36	13	4	47	17	2766
2019	Indigenous	10	47	21	15	7	57	22	81
2019	First Nations	13	37	25	20	6	50	25	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	36	33	11	4	52	14	2718
2018	Indigenous	14	19	48	10	9	33	20	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	33	37	14	4	46	18	2581

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	16	43	24	6	31	26	70
2022	First Nations	8	21	41	22	8	30	29	40
2022	Métis	13	7	53	22	5	27	20	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	19	39	23	10	33	28	2710
2020	Indigenous	18	19	38	20	5	25	37	73
2020	First Nations	11	23	38	23	5	27	35	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	20	38	23	9	32	30	2754
2019	Indigenous	11	18	43	18	10	28	29	80
2019	First Nations	10	19	45	18	8	26	29	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	18	38	26	11	37	25	2695
2018	Indigenous	12	25	32	21	10	31	37	61
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	19	39	23	11	34	26	2559

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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	46	12	2	70
2022	First Nations	28	52	18	2	40
2022	Métis	67	29	0	4	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	56	15	1	2710
2020	Indigenous	42	38	20	0	74
2020	First Nations	41	37	21	0	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	47	19	2	2775

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	71	30
2022	First Nations	24	76	10
2022	Métis	33	67	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	63	755
2020	Indigenous	46	54	31
2020	First Nations	32	68	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	66	904

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	25	7	5	7	1	16	77	15	70
2022	First Nations	42	21	6	4	12	0	15	74	19	40
2022	Métis	29	38	9	9	0	3	12	79	11	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	15	11	6	5	3	18	73	14	2705
2020	Indigenous	39	17	14	10	11	1	9	61	23	73
2020	First Nations	42	13	11	7	9	2	15	67	20	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	17	12	6	6	2	12	72	14	2766
2019	Indigenous	37	15	14	9	14	4	6	58	26	81
2019	First Nations	43	12	18	4	18	0	5	58	23	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	17	13	8	9	1	9	67	18	2684
2018	Indigenous	28	16	14	8	23	2	8	49	35	62
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	16	12	8	8	2	11	69	18	2571

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	22	18	24	25	0	0	33	49	30
2022	First Nations	9	29	16	22	24	0	0	38	46	10
2022	Métis	12	18	19	24	27	0	0	30	51	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	19	13	20	36	1	4	27	59	755
2020	Indigenous	14	15	6	25	37	3	0	30	63	30
2020	First Nations	17	16	6	21	35	6	0	35	59	17
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	18	15	25	31	1	3	26	58	904

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	23	30	10	37	0	0	23	47	30
2022	First Nations	0	26	14	8	53	0	0	26	61	10
2022	Métis	0	22	41	11	27	0	0	22	37	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	16	10	21	44	2	2	22	67	755
2020	Indigenous	11	6	9	12	59	0	3	17	73	31
2020	First Nations	11	5	6	10	63	0	5	17	77	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	15	13	22	42	1	2	20	66	903

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Natural Resources Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources