2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada by Question 81. Are you a supervisor?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Employee engagement
- Employee engagement
Leadership
- Immediate supervisor
- Senior management
Workforce
Workplace
Workplace well-being
Compensation
- Pay or other compensation issues
- Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

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Employee engagement

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	41	40	9	7	3	81	10	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	45	35	10	5	4	81	9	4180
2020	Supervisor	41	41	9	6	3	82	9	1190
2020	Non-supervisor	42	36	12	7	3	78	10	4372
2019	Supervisor	43	43	7	4	2	86	7	1057
2019	Non-supervisor	41	37	11	7	5	77	12	4327
2018	Supervisor	43	43	8	5	1	85	7	893
2018	Non-supervisor	35	41	12	7	5	76	12	3308

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	39	38	10	8	5	77	13	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	41	33	12	7	6	75	13	4180
2020	Supervisor	39	37	13	8	4	76	11	1188
2020	Non-supervisor	38	34	13	9	5	73	14	4357
2019	Supervisor	38	38	12	8	3	77	11	1047
2019	Non-supervisor	36	33	14	10	7	69	16	4312
2018	Supervisor	38	39	10	9	4	77	13	889
2018	Non-supervisor	32	35	14	11	8	67	19	3311

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	55	34	7	2	1	89	4	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	58	29	8	3	2	87	5	4180
2020	Supervisor	60	30	7	2	1	90	3	1184
2020	Non-supervisor	55	30	10	3	2	85	5	4330
2019	Supervisor	61	30	6	2	1	91	3	1047
2019	Non-supervisor	56	30	9	3	2	85	5	4284
2018	Supervisor	58	33	6	3	1	91	3	888
2018	Non-supervisor	51	34	9	4	3	85	6	3296

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	42	40	10	6	2	82	8	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	51	33	9	4	2	84	7	4185
2020	Supervisor	44	39	10	6	2	83	7	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	50	34	9	4	2	84	7	4371
2019	Supervisor	47	39	8	4	1	87	5	1059
2019	Non-supervisor	49	33	10	5	3	82	8	4330
2018	Supervisor	48	38	9	4	1	87	5	892
2018	Non-supervisor	42	37	11	5	4	79	9	3320

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	39	34	13	10	5	0	73	15	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	50	29	11	6	4	1	80	9	4180
2020	Supervisor	48	34	10	6	2	0	82	8	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	52	28	12	4	3	0	80	8	4352
2019	Supervisor	47	33	13	4	3	0	80	6	1057
2019	Non-supervisor	48	29	12	6	4	1	78	10	4309
2018	Supervisor	45	38	10	5	2	0	83	7	890
2018	Non-supervisor	43	31	15	5	5	1	74	11	3309

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	36	36	13	10	5	0	72	15	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	47	31	11	6	4	1	79	11	4180
2020	Supervisor	46	36	10	6	2	0	82	8	1186
2020	Non-supervisor	49	30	12	5	3	0	80	8	4347
2019	Supervisor	44	36	11	6	2	0	81	8	1051
2019	Non-supervisor	47	31	12	6	4	0	78	10	4302
2018	Supervisor	44	39	10	5	2	0	82	7	889
2018	Non-supervisor	41	33	14	6	5	0	75	11	3289

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	38	26	17	9	6	3	0	67	16	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	40	24	15	9	6	5	0	68	16	4175
2020	Supervisor	46	26	15	7	4	1	0	73	11	1191
2020	Non-supervisor	43	24	16	8	6	3	0	70	14	4372
2019	Supervisor	44	25	16	8	4	2	0	71	13	1061
2019	Non-supervisor	40	23	16	9	7	3	1	66	17	4321
2018	Supervisor	41	28	17	7	4	2	0	71	12	893
2018	Non-supervisor	37	25	17	9	8	3	0	64	18	3317

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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	62	25	8	3	1	0	1	88	4	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	42	24	15	5	3	2	9	74	9	4180
2020	Supervisor	63	24	7	3	1	1	1	89	4	1189
2020	Non-supervisor	43	25	16	4	3	2	6	74	8	4361
2019	Supervisor	64	24	8	2	1	0	1	88	3	1059
2019	Non-supervisor	44	24	17	5	4	1	6	73	9	4323

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	50	34	6	6	4	0	0	84	9	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	53	28	9	5	3	1	1	83	8	4175
2020	Supervisor	51	32	8	6	2	0	1	83	8	1190
2020	Non-supervisor	52	27	10	5	4	1	1	80	9	4371
2019	Supervisor	51	31	9	7	2	0	0	82	9	1054
2019	Non-supervisor	51	29	10	6	3	1	1	80	10	4309
2018	Supervisor	50	32	9	6	3	1	0	82	9	887
2018	Non-supervisor	47	29	10	7	5	1	1	78	12	3287

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	55	27	9	5	3	0	83	8	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	60	24	8	4	4	0	84	8	4175
2020	Supervisor	57	27	9	4	3	0	84	7	1191
2020	Non-supervisor	57	24	9	5	3	0	82	8	4374
2019	Supervisor	54	29	8	6	2	1	83	8	1059
2019	Non-supervisor	56	25	9	5	3	0	82	9	4331
2018	Supervisor	51	30	10	6	3	0	81	9	890
2018	Non-supervisor	50	27	11	6	6	1	77	12	3287

Senior management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	31	33	14	10	6	6	0	68	17	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	41	26	12	5	4	11	1	76	10	4180
2020	Supervisor	36	35	12	8	3	6	0	76	12	1191
2020	Non-supervisor	41	28	12	5	4	9	0	76	10	4374
2019	Supervisor	27	39	16	11	4	3	0	68	16	1057
2019	Non-supervisor	37	29	15	6	5	8	0	73	12	4326
2018	Supervisor	33	36	15	9	5	2	0	71	14	885
2018	Non-supervisor	33	29	15	8	7	8	1	68	16	3317

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	22	33	16	16	11	2	56	27	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	37	29	13	9	7	5	69	17	4180
2020	Supervisor	33	37	15	9	5	1	71	14	1189
2020	Non-supervisor	40	30	14	7	5	4	73	13	4357
2019	Supervisor	25	41	16	13	4	1	67	17	1055
2019	Non-supervisor	35	30	16	9	6	4	68	16	4318
2018	Supervisor	28	40	16	11	4	0	69	15	886
2018	Non-supervisor	31	29	17	10	8	4	63	20	3305

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	15	27	20	19	16	3	0	44	35	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	29	27	16	11	8	8	1	61	21	4175
2020	Supervisor	20	38	20	14	5	2	0	60	19	1186
2020	Non-supervisor	31	30	17	9	5	6	0	66	16	4361
2019	Supervisor	17	41	19	17	5	1	0	58	22	1054
2019	Non-supervisor	27	28	20	11	7	7	0	60	19	4313
2018	Supervisor	16	41	22	15	5	1	0	57	20	886
2018	Non-supervisor	23	28	18	13	9	8	1	56	24	3305

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	15	33	16	21	14	1	49	35	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	30	30	13	13	9	4	63	23	4180
2020	Supervisor	20	41	16	16	7	1	61	23	1190
2020	Non-supervisor	30	33	15	12	7	3	65	20	4370
2019	Supervisor	15	40	18	19	7	1	56	26	1053
2019	Non-supervisor	25	30	17	14	9	4	58	24	4326
2018	Supervisor	16	39	21	17	7	0	55	24	887
2018	Non-supervisor	22	30	16	16	11	4	55	28	3310

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Workforce

Performance management

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	34	36	13	10	8	70	18	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	39	32	14	7	6	72	13	4180
2020	Supervisor	34	38	11	12	5	73	16	1190
2020	Non-supervisor	37	35	13	9	6	72	15	4375
2019	Supervisor	32	40	14	10	4	72	14	1052
2019	Non-supervisor	32	35	14	11	7	68	17	4317
2018	Supervisor	30	41	13	11	5	71	16	894
2018	Non-supervisor	29	33	17	12	9	63	21	3312

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	31	46	9	10	4	77	14	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	46	38	7	7	2	84	9	4180
2020	Supervisor	33	44	10	9	3	77	12	1181
2020	Non-supervisor	42	38	9	7	3	81	10	4357
2019	Supervisor	36	44	11	7	2	80	9	1052
2019	Non-supervisor	41	39	9	8	3	80	11	4293
2018	Supervisor	32	47	10	8	2	79	11	896
2018	Non-supervisor	37	38	12	9	5	75	13	3317

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	43	34	11	7	4	0	0	77	11	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	50	29	9	6	4	0	1	80	11	4180
2020	Supervisor	46	32	10	8	3	0	1	79	11	1190
2020	Non-supervisor	50	29	10	7	4	0	1	79	11	4364
2019	Supervisor	44	33	11	9	2	0	0	77	11	1057
2019	Non-supervisor	46	30	12	7	4	0	1	77	11	4322
2018	Supervisor	39	36	14	7	3	0	0	76	10	890
2018	Non-supervisor	41	34	11	7	5	1	0	76	13	3293

Job fit and development

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	28	40	12	15	5	0	68	20	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	38	38	9	10	4	0	76	15	4175
2020	Supervisor	29	45	12	11	3	0	74	14	1176
2020	Non-supervisor	39	38	10	10	3	0	77	13	4352
2019	Supervisor	28	42	12	14	4	0	69	18	1050
2019	Non-supervisor	33	39	11	11	5	0	73	17	4308
2018	Supervisor	25	52	9	12	3	0	77	14	898
2018	Non-supervisor	30	43	9	13	5	1	74	18	3329

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	56	24	11	4	4	1	1	81	8	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	56	22	10	4	3	3	1	82	8	4175
2020	Supervisor	53	25	12	5	3	1	1	80	8	1185
2020	Non-supervisor	52	23	12	5	4	2	1	78	10	4361

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	24	39	16	12	8	1	64	20	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	33	33	15	9	7	3	68	17	4180
2020	Supervisor	23	39	19	13	5	1	63	18	1190
2020	Non-supervisor	30	32	17	12	7	3	64	19	4357
2019	Supervisor	22	41	18	12	6	0	63	18	1053
2019	Non-supervisor	28	32	16	11	9	3	62	21	4315
2018	Supervisor	23	40	19	13	5	1	63	18	892
2018	Non-supervisor	24	32	17	13	11	3	57	25	3313

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	41	26	16	8	6	1	3	69	14	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	50	21	12	4	4	2	7	79	9	4180
2020	Supervisor	43	25	17	7	5	0	2	70	13	1192
2020	Non-supervisor	50	22	13	6	4	1	4	77	10	4374
2019	Supervisor	43	29	17	7	3	1	1	73	10	1057
2019	Non-supervisor	52	23	13	4	3	1	4	78	8	4321

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	45	25	15	6	4	1	3	73	11	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	46	23	14	5	4	3	5	75	11	4175
2020	Supervisor	50	27	13	5	3	1	2	79	8	1191
2020	Non-supervisor	48	23	14	6	4	2	3	75	11	4368
2019	Supervisor	50	26	16	5	2	1	1	77	7	1054
2019	Non-supervisor	43	23	16	7	5	2	4	70	13	4305

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	72	11	5	1	2	2	5	90	4	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	69	8	4	2	3	6	7	90	6	4175
2020	Supervisor	77	9	5	2	2	2	3	90	4	1186
2020	Non-supervisor	72	10	5	2	3	4	4	89	5	4352
2019	Supervisor	81	8	4	1	1	3	2	94	2	1052
2019	Non-supervisor	72	9	6	2	3	4	4	88	5	4304

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	75	9	3	1	1	1	9	95	2	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	67	9	4	2	2	3	13	90	5	4175
2020	Supervisor	77	9	4	2	1	1	6	93	2	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	68	13	6	2	2	2	7	89	4	4359
2019	Supervisor	84	5	2	1	1	1	6	96	2	1055
2019	Non-supervisor	74	8	4	1	2	2	8	92	3	4300

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	35	37	9	11	7	1	1	73	18	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	30	33	11	11	10	4	2	67	22	4180
2020	Supervisor	29	34	14	13	7	1	1	65	21	1190
2020	Non-supervisor	27	30	15	13	10	3	2	59	24	4375
2019	Supervisor	28	38	14	12	6	1	1	67	19	1059
2019	Non-supervisor	26	30	15	12	13	3	2	58	26	4328
2018	Supervisor	30	36	13	11	8	1	1	67	20	892
2018	Non-supervisor	23	27	16	14	15	3	1	53	31	3313

Empowerment

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	39	38	9	9	5	0	77	13	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	35	35	13	10	7	1	71	16	4180
2020	Supervisor	42	41	8	6	3	0	83	9	1182
2020	Non-supervisor	33	36	16	9	5	1	70	14	4349
2019	Supervisor	42	42	8	6	3	0	83	9	1048
2019	Non-supervisor	32	35	15	10	6	0	68	16	4301
2018	Supervisor	43	40	8	6	3	0	83	9	890
2018	Non-supervisor	28	35	16	12	8	0	63	20	3303

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	47	36	8	6	3	0	84	8	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	41	33	14	7	5	1	74	12	4180
2020	Supervisor	48	36	9	5	2	0	84	7	1188
2020	Non-supervisor	38	33	16	8	5	0	71	13	4356
2019	Supervisor	49	35	9	5	2	0	83	8	1052
2019	Non-supervisor	36	33	16	9	6	0	70	14	4314
2018	Supervisor	49	35	9	4	2	0	84	7	889
2018	Non-supervisor	33	32	18	10	7	0	65	17	3303

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	38	37	10	10	5	0	76	14	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	44	34	12	6	4	0	79	10	4180
2020	Supervisor	34	42	13	9	2	0	76	11	1185
2020	Non-supervisor	39	38	12	6	4	0	78	10	4344
2019	Supervisor	34	44	10	8	3	0	78	12	1049
2019	Non-supervisor	38	38	12	7	4	0	77	11	4273
2018	Supervisor	37	38	13	9	3	0	76	11	889
2018	Non-supervisor	34	35	15	9	5	1	70	15	3296

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	29	45	15	7	3	2	0	75	11	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	27	36	17	8	5	6	1	68	14	4175
2020	Supervisor	28	48	15	6	2	1	0	77	8	1185
2020	Non-supervisor	24	41	18	8	3	5	1	69	12	4359
2019	Supervisor	27	49	14	7	2	1	0	78	9	1059
2019	Non-supervisor	22	39	21	8	4	5	1	65	13	4314
2018	Supervisor	29	47	16	5	2	1	0	77	8	895
2018	Non-supervisor	23	33	22	10	7	5	0	59	18	3319

Work-life balance and workload

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	33	33	11	12	11	0	0	66	23	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	51	28	9	6	5	0	0	80	11	4175
2020	Supervisor	34	33	11	15	7	0	0	67	22	1185
2020	Non-supervisor	47	30	12	7	4	0	0	77	11	4355
2019	Supervisor	39	35	11	10	6	0	0	74	15	1059
2019	Non-supervisor	47	29	10	8	5	1	0	77	13	4320
2018	Supervisor	38	37	9	11	5	0	0	75	16	896
2018	Non-supervisor	45	30	12	7	5	0	1	76	12	3321

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	18	27	21	18	16	0	45	34	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	49	31	13	4	2	1	81	6	4185
2020	Supervisor	15	27	26	17	16	0	41	33	1189
2020	Non-supervisor	45	32	14	5	3	1	78	8	4354
2019	Supervisor	17	30	28	15	10	0	47	25	1053
2019	Non-supervisor	50	30	13	4	2	1	81	6	4291
2018	Supervisor	20	33	21	16	10	0	53	26	898
2018	Non-supervisor	47	31	14	5	2	1	79	7	3335

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	59	23	8	3	3	1	2	86	6	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	62	19	7	2	3	4	3	87	5	4180

Mobility and retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	39	32	28	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	43	29	29	4180
2020	Supervisor	32	37	30	1191
2020	Non-supervisor	26	37	38	4377
2019	Supervisor	31	37	31	1061
2019	Non-supervisor	31	32	37	4335
2018	Supervisor	30	39	31	898
2018	Non-supervisor	30	33	37	3336

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes, to retire (%)	Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Yes, other reason Specify other reason (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	12	46	25	6	1	10	430
2022	Non-supervisor	4	55	18	5	11	7	1735
2020	Supervisor	12	49	31	2	0	5	380
2020	Non-supervisor	6	50	26	4	7	6	1120
2019	Supervisor	10	52	27	3	1	8	332
2019	Non-supervisor	6	42	26	5	15	6	1357
2018	Supervisor	12	47	31	3	0	7	267
2018	Non-supervisor	7	40	29	6	10	8	1019

Top of page

Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	52	38	4	3	2	90	6	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	57	32	5	3	2	89	5	4175
2020	Supervisor	53	37	6	3	1	91	4	1178
2020	Non-supervisor	53	34	7	4	2	87	5	4354
2019	Supervisor	54	38	5	2	1	92	3	1051
2019	Non-supervisor	50	35	8	5	2	86	7	4295
2018	Supervisor	58	34	5	3	0	93	3	893
2018	Non-supervisor	48	37	8	4	2	86	6	3322

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	22	45	15	13	5	0	68	17	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	35	41	12	7	3	2	78	10	4175
2020	Supervisor	26	49	14	8	2	1	75	11	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	36	41	13	6	2	1	79	8	4370
2019	Supervisor	27	51	13	8	2	0	78	9	1060
2019	Non-supervisor	33	42	14	7	2	1	76	9	4317
2018	Supervisor	26	51	13	8	3	0	77	10	890
2018	Non-supervisor	30	43	16	7	4	1	73	11	3312

Organizational performance

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	21	35	31	9	3	0	1	12	57	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	10	21	33	18	12	1	4	32	33	4170
2020	Supervisor	18	32	35	13	2	0	0	15	50	1191
2020	Non-supervisor	10	22	33	21	12	1	2	34	32	4361
2019	Supervisor	11	29	40	15	4	0	0	19	41	1056
2019	Non-supervisor	10	22	31	21	12	1	2	34	34	4316
2018	Supervisor	11	33	37	13	5	0	0	18	45	893
2018	Non-supervisor	10	24	33	19	11	1	2	31	36	3316

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	16	29	33	17	4	1	1	21	45	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	9	15	26	20	15	4	10	41	28	4160
2020	Supervisor	11	26	40	19	4	1	0	23	37	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	8	15	29	23	16	4	4	43	25	4348
2019	Supervisor	11	26	38	17	6	0	1	24	38	1054
2019	Non-supervisor	10	17	28	21	16	4	5	40	29	4298
2018	Supervisor	13	23	38	17	6	0	1	24	37	892
2018	Non-supervisor	10	19	28	21	13	4	5	37	32	3301

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	19	27	33	15	5	0	1	20	46	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	8	11	25	24	22	2	7	51	21	4160
2020	Supervisor	17	27	34	18	4	0	0	22	44	1183
2020	Non-supervisor	8	12	26	28	22	1	3	52	20	4337
2019	Supervisor	11	25	42	17	5	0	0	22	36	1048
2019	Non-supervisor	7	12	26	27	23	1	4	52	20	4291
2018	Supervisor	12	24	41	16	6	0	0	22	37	887
2018	Non-supervisor	8	13	29	27	18	2	4	47	22	3301

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	21	30	27	13	7	1	1	20	52	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	8	13	23	22	23	2	8	51	23	4160
2020	Supervisor	21	30	30	14	4	0	0	19	51	1189
2020	Non-supervisor	9	15	25	25	22	2	3	49	25	4346
2019	Supervisor	20	28	31	15	6	0	1	20	48	1054
2019	Non-supervisor	10	15	24	23	22	2	4	48	27	4294
2018	Supervisor	21	30	32	12	5	0	0	17	51	894
2018	Non-supervisor	11	18	26	23	16	2	4	42	31	3301

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	17	23	30	20	8	1	1	29	41	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	10	15	21	19	19	8	9	45	29	4165
2020	Supervisor	8	20	33	28	9	0	1	38	28	1181
2020	Non-supervisor	8	12	23	26	22	6	4	53	21	4344
2019	Supervisor	13	23	35	20	8	0	1	28	36	1052
2019	Non-supervisor	12	17	23	22	18	5	4	44	31	4296
2018	Supervisor	11	25	34	23	7	1	0	30	36	887
2018	Non-supervisor	13	19	26	20	15	4	3	38	35	3297

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	16	27	34	15	5	1	2	21	44	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	9	15	27	19	18	4	7	42	27	4160
2020	Supervisor	13	24	38	19	4	1	1	24	37	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	7	15	28	24	18	3	3	45	24	4340
2019	Supervisor	10	25	39	17	7	1	1	24	35	1054
2019	Non-supervisor	9	15	30	22	18	3	4	43	25	4289
2018	Supervisor	12	25	40	16	5	0	1	22	38	892
2018	Non-supervisor	10	18	31	20	15	3	4	37	29	3317

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	9	17	38	23	11	0	2	35	27	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	5	12	31	25	21	1	5	49	18	4170
2020	Supervisor	10	29	39	17	4	0	0	21	39	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	7	20	35	22	14	1	1	37	27	4362
2019	Supervisor	13	26	36	17	7	0	1	25	39	1055
2019	Non-supervisor	8	14	32	25	17	1	2	44	23	4305

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	31	17	24	17	1	41	42	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	23	35	16	14	8	3	60	23	4180
2020	Supervisor	14	41	22	16	6	1	56	22	1186
2020	Non-supervisor	27	38	16	11	4	2	68	16	4352
2019	Supervisor	13	38	22	21	6	1	51	27	1057
2019	Non-supervisor	23	36	19	13	6	3	60	20	4300

Diversity and inclusion

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	60	28	5	4	3	0	88	7	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	57	25	7	5	3	2	84	9	4170
2020	Supervisor	59	28	6	4	2	0	87	6	1185
2020	Non-supervisor	52	27	9	7	4	1	80	11	4354
2019	Supervisor	56	29	6	6	2	0	86	8	1053
2019	Non-supervisor	51	27	9	7	5	1	78	13	4319
2018	Supervisor	56	31	7	4	2	0	87	6	891
2018	Non-supervisor	44	30	9	8	7	1	75	16	3308

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	60	31	3	4	2	90	6	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	64	26	4	3	2	91	5	4170
2020	Supervisor	59	31	5	3	1	91	5	1180
2020	Non-supervisor	61	27	6	3	2	89	5	4341
2019	Supervisor	54	35	5	4	1	89	6	1056
2019	Non-supervisor	55	30	6	5	3	86	8	4309
2018	Supervisor	55	35	5	3	1	91	4	891
2018	Non-supervisor	52	33	6	6	3	85	8	3305

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	57	34	5	2	2	1	0	91	4	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	52	29	10	3	2	3	1	84	5	4175
2020	Supervisor	54	34	8	3	1	0	0	89	4	1178
2020	Non-supervisor	49	32	12	3	2	2	1	82	5	4330
2019	Supervisor	51	38	7	2	2	1	0	89	4	1060
2019	Non-supervisor	47	32	12	4	2	2	1	81	7	4322
2018	Supervisor	54	35	7	3	1	0	0	89	4	892
2018	Non-supervisor	41	36	13	5	3	2	1	79	8	3309

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	35	41	12	8	3	1	77	11	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	42	33	11	6	4	3	79	10	4180
2020	Supervisor	39	41	11	5	2	1	81	7	1183
2020	Non-supervisor	43	35	12	5	3	2	80	8	4352
2019	Supervisor	42	43	9	5	2	0	85	6	1050
2019	Non-supervisor	44	35	12	5	3	1	80	8	4300
2018	Supervisor	48	39	7	3	1	0	88	5	892
2018	Non-supervisor	48	34	10	4	3	1	83	7	3314

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	41	40	10	4	2	2	0	83	7	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	44	33	10	4	3	5	1	82	8	4175
2020	Supervisor	43	40	10	4	1	1	0	84	5	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	46	32	12	4	2	4	0	82	6	4357
2019	Supervisor	49	37	9	2	1	1	0	88	3	1056
2019	Non-supervisor	50	30	11	3	2	3	0	82	6	4303
2018	Supervisor	50	36	9	2	1	1	0	88	3	894
2018	Non-supervisor	48	32	12	3	2	3	0	82	6	3304

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	45	39	8	5	3	0	84	8	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	56	32	6	4	3	1	88	6	4180
2020	Supervisor	57	32	6	3	1	0	89	4	1190
2020	Non-supervisor	58	28	8	3	2	0	87	5	4361
2019	Supervisor	53	35	7	3	2	0	88	5	1055
2019	Non-supervisor	56	30	8	4	2	0	86	6	4321
2018	Supervisor	55	34	6	3	2	0	89	5	891
2018	Non-supervisor	52	32	9	4	3	0	84	7	3311

Anti-racism

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	47	30	8	5	5	3	3	81	10	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	40	24	11	6	5	9	5	75	13	4175

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	44	30	10	6	4	3	3	79	11	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	38	24	12	6	5	9	6	73	13	4180

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	35	37	21	3	1	3	1	74	4	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	39	27	17	4	2	9	1	74	7	4180
2020	Supervisor	48	37	9	3	1	1	0	86	4	1186
2020	Non-supervisor	47	32	11	3	2	3	1	83	6	4372

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	45	32	8	7	4	2	2	81	11	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	41	28	11	5	5	6	4	77	11	4175
2020	Supervisor	50	31	7	5	2	3	1	85	7	1185
2020	Non-supervisor	43	29	11	6	4	4	2	77	11	4359

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	18	29	22	7	4	19	2	59	13	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	17	21	20	3	3	30	5	59	10	4170

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	5	3	15	23	32	22	0	10	71	30
2022	Non-supervisor	1	7	23	16	38	13	2	10	64	105
2020	Supervisor	5	4	16	33	34	8	0	9	73	24
2020	Non-supervisor	1	6	28	13	36	12	2	9	58	132

Ethical workplace

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	34	37	12	6	4	4	4	76	11	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	32	26	15	5	4	10	7	70	11	4170
2020	Supervisor	32	37	16	7	3	2	3	73	11	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	31	26	19	6	4	8	5	66	12	4363
2019	Supervisor	34	37	14	8	3	2	1	74	11	1057
2019	Non-supervisor	34	27	16	8	6	6	4	67	15	4308
2018	Supervisor	31	41	13	7	4	3	1	75	11	893
2018	Non-supervisor	24	31	20	9	7	7	4	61	17	3313

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	34	42	12	7	4	1	0	77	10	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	36	34	12	8	5	3	1	74	13	4170
2020	Supervisor	41	42	9	5	3	1	0	84	7	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	38	34	12	8	4	3	1	75	12	4366
2019	Supervisor	41	42	9	6	2	1	0	83	8	1057
2019	Non-supervisor	37	34	13	9	4	2	1	73	13	4320
2018	Supervisor	49	38	7	3	2	1	0	88	5	893
2018	Non-supervisor	36	37	12	7	5	2	1	75	13	3319

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	29	42	16	7	4	1	72	12	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	40	35	15	5	3	2	77	8	4170
2020	Supervisor	36	43	14	4	2	1	80	7	1183
2020	Non-supervisor	42	34	14	5	3	2	78	8	4359
2019	Supervisor	35	40	16	6	2	1	76	8	1054
2019	Non-supervisor	37	34	18	6	3	2	73	9	4308
2018	Supervisor	39	39	14	5	3	1	78	7	888
2018	Non-supervisor	35	36	18	6	4	2	72	10	3310

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	18	24	18	13	12	11	4	50	29	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	27	24	16	9	9	12	3	60	21	4180
2020	Supervisor	21	26	18	14	8	10	3	54	25	1183
2020	Non-supervisor	26	23	18	11	9	11	2	56	23	4352
2019	Supervisor	21	25	21	16	8	7	3	50	27	1057
2019	Non-supervisor	24	22	19	12	10	10	2	53	25	4310
2018	Supervisor	22	27	20	13	10	6	3	53	25	893
2018	Non-supervisor	20	23	20	13	12	10	2	49	28	3309

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	34	46	5	10	5	80	15	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	54	36	3	5	2	90	7	4180
2020	Supervisor	30	49	5	12	3	79	16	1190
2020	Non-supervisor	40	42	4	11	3	82	13	4375

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	42	34	8	9	5	0	1	78	15	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	56	29	6	5	3	1	1	86	8	4170
2020	Supervisor	31	42	11	12	3	0	1	74	15	1188
2020	Non-supervisor	42	34	9	10	4	0	1	77	13	4364
2019	Supervisor	39	38	7	11	5	0	0	77	16	1058
2019	Non-supervisor	48	33	7	8	4	0	0	81	12	4317

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	44	37	9	6	3	1	81	9	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	54	31	7	5	2	1	85	7	4170
2020	Supervisor	42	40	8	7	3	1	82	10	1180
2020	Non-supervisor	47	34	9	7	2	1	81	10	4328
2019	Supervisor	49	35	8	6	1	0	84	7	1044
2019	Non-supervisor	48	34	9	6	3	0	82	9	4291

Use of official languages

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	70	20	3	3	1	1	92	5	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	81	15	2	1	1	0	96	2	4175
2020	Supervisor	73	18	4	3	1	1	92	5	1185
2020	Non-supervisor	80	15	2	2	1	1	95	3	4358

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	82	9	3	3	2	1	92	5	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	83	9	2	1	2	3	95	3	4180
2019	Supervisor	80	11	3	3	2	1	93	4	1053
2019	Non-supervisor	81	10	4	2	2	2	93	3	4308

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	37	30	19	6	3	4	1	70	10	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	45	23	12	4	2	12	3	79	8	4180
2020	Supervisor	37	31	19	7	3	2	0	71	10	1189
2020	Non-supervisor	48	22	12	4	3	9	2	79	7	4373
2019	Supervisor	37	27	21	8	3	4	0	67	11	1060
2019	Non-supervisor	49	21	11	4	3	10	2	78	9	4326

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	90	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	8	92	4180
2020	Supervisor	10	90	1191
2020	Non-supervisor	9	91	4373
2019	Supervisor	10	90	1056
2019	Non-supervisor	11	89	4323
2018	Supervisor	11	89	894
2018	Non-supervisor	11	89	3334

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	45	55	110
2022	Non-supervisor	44	56	345
2020	Supervisor	44	56	114
2020	Non-supervisor	46	54	378
2019	Supervisor	33	67	103
2019	Non-supervisor	56	44	462
2018	Supervisor	34	66	99
2018	Non-supervisor	55	45	379

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	60	40	110
2022	Non-supervisor	63	37	345
2020	Supervisor	56	44	114
2020	Non-supervisor	64	36	378
2019	Supervisor	61	39	103
2019	Non-supervisor	62	38	462
2018	Supervisor	54	46	99
2018	Non-supervisor	61	39	379

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	16	84	110
2022	Non-supervisor	2	98	345
2020	Supervisor	26	74	114
2020	Non-supervisor	1	99	378
2019	Supervisor	21	79	103
2019	Non-supervisor	2	98	462
2018	Supervisor	26	74	99
2018	Non-supervisor	3	97	379

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	100	110
2022	Non-supervisor	100	345
2020	Supervisor	100	114
2020	Non-supervisor	100	378
2019	Supervisor	100	103
2019	Non-supervisor	100	462

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	5	95	110
2022	Non-supervisor	5	95	345
2020	Supervisor	5	95	114
2020	Non-supervisor	5	95	378
2019	Supervisor	7	93	103
2019	Non-supervisor	2	98	462

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	8	92	110
2022	Non-supervisor	5	95	345
2020	Supervisor	4	96	114
2020	Non-supervisor	5	95	378

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	6	94	110
2022	Non-supervisor	6	94	345
2020	Supervisor	5	95	114
2020	Non-supervisor	4	96	378

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	40	60	110
2022	Non-supervisor	25	75	345
2020	Supervisor	41	59	114
2020	Non-supervisor	37	63	378
2019	Supervisor	31	69	100
2019	Non-supervisor	31	69	451
2018	Supervisor	40	60	99
2018	Non-supervisor	36	64	378

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	34	66	110
2022	Non-supervisor	39	61	345
2020	Supervisor	31	69	114
2020	Non-supervisor	37	63	378
2019	Supervisor	37	63	100
2019	Non-supervisor	37	63	451
2018	Supervisor	38	62	99
2018	Non-supervisor	37	63	378

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	42	58	110
2022	Non-supervisor	43	57	345
2020	Supervisor	47	53	114
2020	Non-supervisor	45	55	378
2019	Supervisor	48	52	100
2019	Non-supervisor	43	57	451
2018	Supervisor	49	51	99
2018	Non-supervisor	45	55	378

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	38	62	110
2022	Non-supervisor	42	58	345
2020	Supervisor	47	53	114
2020	Non-supervisor	45	55	378
2019	Supervisor	45	55	100
2019	Non-supervisor	43	57	451
2018	Supervisor	35	65	99
2018	Non-supervisor	46	54	378

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	33	67	110
2022	Non-supervisor	28	72	345
2020	Supervisor	30	70	114
2020	Non-supervisor	28	72	378
2019	Supervisor	29	71	100
2019	Non-supervisor	28	72	451
2018	Supervisor	38	62	99
2018	Non-supervisor	29	71	378

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	60	40	110
2022	Non-supervisor	50	50	345
2020	Supervisor	51	49	114
2020	Non-supervisor	53	47	378
2019	Supervisor	50	50	100
2019	Non-supervisor	52	48	451
2018	Supervisor	50	50	99
2018	Non-supervisor	51	49	378

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	38	62	110
2022	Non-supervisor	26	74	345
2020	Supervisor	34	66	114
2020	Non-supervisor	29	71	378
2019	Supervisor	32	68	100
2019	Non-supervisor	31	69	451
2018	Supervisor	41	59	99
2018	Non-supervisor	29	71	378

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	0	100	110
2022	Non-supervisor	1	99	345
2020	Supervisor	0	100	114
2020	Non-supervisor	1	99	378
2019	Supervisor	0	100	100
2019	Non-supervisor	1	99	451

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	5	95	110
2022	Non-supervisor	5	95	345
2020	Supervisor	4	96	114
2020	Non-supervisor	7	93	378
2019	Supervisor	11	89	100
2019	Non-supervisor	10	90	451

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	13	87	110
2022	Non-supervisor	10	90	345
2020	Supervisor	12	88	114
2020	Non-supervisor	9	91	378
2019	Supervisor	7	93	100
2019	Non-supervisor	8	92	451
2018	Supervisor	10	90	99
2018	Non-supervisor	10	90	378

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	42	58	110
2022	Non-supervisor	52	48	345
2020	Supervisor	43	57	114
2020	Non-supervisor	50	50	378
2019	Supervisor	46	54	100
2019	Non-supervisor	48	52	451
2018	Supervisor	42	58	99
2018	Non-supervisor	49	51	378

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	24	76	110
2022	Non-supervisor	17	83	345
2020	Supervisor	21	79	114
2020	Non-supervisor	21	79	378
2019	Supervisor	28	72	100
2019	Non-supervisor	19	81	451
2018	Supervisor	23	77	99
2018	Non-supervisor	22	78	378

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	17	83	110
2022	Non-supervisor	16	84	345
2020	Supervisor	14	86	114
2020	Non-supervisor	15	85	378
2019	Supervisor	19	81	100
2019	Non-supervisor	15	85	451
2018	Supervisor	15	85	99
2018	Non-supervisor	13	87	378

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	56	44	110
2022	Non-supervisor	48	52	350
2020	Supervisor	61	39	114
2020	Non-supervisor	47	53	378
2019	Supervisor	70	30	99
2019	Non-supervisor	49	51	451
2018	Supervisor	60	40	99
2018	Non-supervisor	50	50	378

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	35	65	110
2022	Non-supervisor	14	86	350
2020	Supervisor	35	65	114
2020	Non-supervisor	24	76	378
2019	Supervisor	32	68	99
2019	Non-supervisor	25	75	451
2018	Supervisor	32	68	99
2018	Non-supervisor	21	79	378

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	18	82	110
2022	Non-supervisor	4	96	350
2020	Supervisor	15	85	114
2020	Non-supervisor	3	97	378
2019	Supervisor	21	79	99
2019	Non-supervisor	4	96	451
2018	Supervisor	11	89	99
2018	Non-supervisor	4	96	378

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	90	110
2022	Non-supervisor	15	85	350
2020	Supervisor	11	89	114
2020	Non-supervisor	16	84	378
2019	Supervisor	10	90	99
2019	Non-supervisor	18	82	451
2018	Supervisor	6	94	99
2018	Non-supervisor	18	82	378

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	7	93	110
2022	Non-supervisor	8	92	350
2020	Supervisor	19	81	114
2020	Non-supervisor	12	88	378
2019	Supervisor	12	88	99
2019	Non-supervisor	11	89	451
2018	Supervisor	8	92	99
2018	Non-supervisor	10	90	378

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	4	96	110
2022	Non-supervisor	5	95	350
2020	Supervisor	6	94	114
2020	Non-supervisor	5	95	378

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	7	93	110
2022	Non-supervisor	8	92	350
2020	Supervisor	12	88	114
2020	Non-supervisor	14	86	378
2019	Supervisor	10	90	99
2019	Non-supervisor	11	89	451
2018	Supervisor	11	89	99
2018	Non-supervisor	12	88	378

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	18	82	110
2022	Non-supervisor	7	93	350
2020	Supervisor	16	84	114
2020	Non-supervisor	9	91	378
2019	Supervisor	12	88	99
2019	Non-supervisor	9	91	451
2018	Supervisor	12	88	99
2018	Non-supervisor	10	90	378

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	24	76	110
2022	Non-supervisor	34	66	350
2020	Supervisor	22	78	114
2020	Non-supervisor	30	70	378
2019	Supervisor	18	82	99
2019	Non-supervisor	31	69	451
2018	Supervisor	28	72	99
2018	Non-supervisor	31	69	378

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	90	105
2022	Non-supervisor	10	90	325
2020	Supervisor	15	85	107
2020	Non-supervisor	12	88	359
2018	Supervisor	15	85	95
2018	Non-supervisor	12	88	363

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	19	81	105
2022	Non-supervisor	19	81	325
2020	Supervisor	18	82	107
2020	Non-supervisor	27	73	359
2018	Supervisor	16	84	95
2018	Non-supervisor	19	81	363

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	8	92	105
2022	Non-supervisor	11	89	325
2020	Supervisor	6	94	107
2020	Non-supervisor	11	89	359
2018	Supervisor	13	87	95
2018	Non-supervisor	11	89	363

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	8	92	105
2022	Non-supervisor	4	96	325
2020	Supervisor	7	93	107
2020	Non-supervisor	7	93	359
2018	Supervisor	10	90	95
2018	Non-supervisor	7	93	363

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	11	89	105
2022	Non-supervisor	11	89	325
2020	Supervisor	15	85	107
2020	Non-supervisor	11	89	359
2018	Supervisor	14	86	95
2018	Non-supervisor	7	93	363

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	16	84	105
2022	Non-supervisor	11	89	325
2020	Supervisor	14	86	107
2020	Non-supervisor	9	91	359
2018	Supervisor	14	86	95
2018	Non-supervisor	13	87	363

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	11	89	105
2022	Non-supervisor	13	87	325
2020	Supervisor	11	89	107
2020	Non-supervisor	11	89	359
2018	Supervisor	13	87	95
2018	Non-supervisor	11	89	363

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	8	92	105
2022	Non-supervisor	18	82	325
2020	Supervisor	9	91	107
2020	Non-supervisor	18	82	359
2018	Supervisor	8	92	95
2018	Non-supervisor	15	85	363

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	13	87	105
2022	Non-supervisor	16	84	325
2020	Supervisor	17	83	107
2020	Non-supervisor	17	83	359
2018	Supervisor	9	91	95
2018	Non-supervisor	15	85	363

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	30	70	105
2022	Non-supervisor	25	75	325
2020	Supervisor	26	74	107
2020	Non-supervisor	31	69	359
2018	Supervisor	23	77	95
2018	Non-supervisor	31	69	363

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	9	91	105
2022	Non-supervisor	6	94	325
2020	Supervisor	7	93	107
2020	Non-supervisor	9	91	359

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	44	56	105
2022	Non-supervisor	43	57	325
2020	Supervisor	48	52	107
2020	Non-supervisor	46	54	359
2018	Supervisor	42	58	95
2018	Non-supervisor	52	48	363

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	2	98	105
2022	Non-supervisor	2	98	325
2020	Supervisor	0	100	107
2020	Non-supervisor	2	98	359

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	48	52	105
2022	Non-supervisor	46	54	325
2020	Supervisor	52	48	107
2020	Non-supervisor	51	49	359
2018	Supervisor	48	52	95
2018	Non-supervisor	54	46	363

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	2	98	105
2022	Non-supervisor	3	97	325

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	90	105
2022	Non-supervisor	14	86	325
2020	Supervisor	12	88	107
2020	Non-supervisor	12	88	359
2018	Supervisor	8	92	95
2018	Non-supervisor	12	88	363

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	14	20	15	7	5	30	9	55	20	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	17	13	12	3	4	38	13	61	14	4170
2020	Supervisor	18	22	17	7	3	29	5	60	15	1188
2020	Non-supervisor	23	14	16	5	4	30	9	60	13	4367
2019	Supervisor	20	21	21	6	4	22	6	56	14	1060
2019	Non-supervisor	20	13	18	5	5	28	10	54	17	4327
2018	Supervisor	20	24	22	6	3	21	5	58	12	894
2018	Non-supervisor	18	15	21	5	5	29	7	51	16	3321

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	28	36	15	6	4	9	1	72	12	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	35	26	13	4	3	16	2	75	9	4170
2020	Supervisor	34	37	15	5	2	8	0	76	8	1191
2020	Non-supervisor	38	25	16	5	3	12	1	73	8	4372
2019	Supervisor	33	32	17	6	3	8	1	72	9	1060
2019	Non-supervisor	36	25	16	5	4	13	1	71	10	4322
2018	Supervisor	31	39	16	4	3	6	0	75	7	893
2018	Non-supervisor	32	27	18	5	4	13	1	68	11	3320

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	8	92	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	7	93	4180
2020	Supervisor	7	93	1192
2020	Non-supervisor	7	93	4364
2019	Supervisor	6	94	1055
2019	Non-supervisor	8	92	4318
2018	Supervisor	5	95	892
2018	Non-supervisor	7	93	3324

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	43	57	85
2022	Non-supervisor	27	73	320
2020	Supervisor	38	62	79
2020	Non-supervisor	36	64	321
2019	Supervisor	31	69	60
2019	Non-supervisor	37	63	324
2018	Supervisor	25	75	46
2018	Non-supervisor	38	62	231

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	73	27	85
2022	Non-supervisor	76	24	320
2020	Supervisor	78	22	79
2020	Non-supervisor	75	25	321
2019	Supervisor	67	33	60
2019	Non-supervisor	78	22	324
2018	Supervisor	69	31	46
2018	Non-supervisor	80	20	231

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	8	92	85
2022	Non-supervisor	2	98	320
2020	Supervisor	13	87	79
2020	Non-supervisor	2	98	321
2019	Supervisor	8	92	60
2019	Non-supervisor	3	97	324
2018	Supervisor	12	88	46
2018	Non-supervisor	3	97	231

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	100	85
2022	Non-supervisor	100	320
2020	Supervisor	100	79
2020	Non-supervisor	100	321
2018	Supervisor	100	46
2018	Non-supervisor	100	231

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	14	86	85
2022	Non-supervisor	7	93	320

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	9	91	85
2022	Non-supervisor	3	97	320
2020	Supervisor	10	90	79
2020	Non-supervisor	7	93	321

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	90	85
2022	Non-supervisor	15	85	320
2020	Supervisor	9	91	79
2020	Non-supervisor	7	93	321
2019	Supervisor	8	92	60
2019	Non-supervisor	7	93	324
2018	Supervisor	11	89	46
2018	Non-supervisor	8	92	231

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	33	67	85
2022	Non-supervisor	34	66	320
2020	Supervisor	31	69	79
2020	Non-supervisor	42	58	321
2019	Supervisor	20	80	60
2019	Non-supervisor	32	68	324
2018	Supervisor	25	75	46
2018	Non-supervisor	27	73	231

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	20	80	85
2022	Non-supervisor	23	77	320
2020	Supervisor	24	76	79
2020	Non-supervisor	25	75	321
2019	Supervisor	17	83	60
2019	Non-supervisor	29	71	324
2018	Supervisor	24	76	46
2018	Non-supervisor	22	78	231

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	20	80	85
2022	Non-supervisor	20	80	320
2020	Supervisor	14	86	79
2020	Non-supervisor	22	78	321
2019	Supervisor	12	88	60
2019	Non-supervisor	21	79	324
2018	Supervisor	13	87	46
2018	Non-supervisor	17	83	231

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	7	93	85
2022	Non-supervisor	11	89	320

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	24	76	85
2022	Non-supervisor	21	79	320
2020	Supervisor	22	78	79
2020	Non-supervisor	26	74	321
2019	Supervisor	28	72	60
2019	Non-supervisor	28	72	324
2018	Supervisor	12	88	46
2018	Non-supervisor	26	74	231

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	33	67	85
2022	Non-supervisor	19	81	320
2020	Supervisor	26	74	79
2020	Non-supervisor	20	80	321
2019	Supervisor	33	67	60
2019	Non-supervisor	20	80	324
2018	Supervisor	29	71	46
2018	Non-supervisor	17	83	231

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	5	95	85
2022	Non-supervisor	3	97	320

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	6	94	85
2022	Non-supervisor	4	96	320

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	8	92	85
2022	Non-supervisor	7	93	320
2020	Supervisor	8	92	79
2020	Non-supervisor	10	90	321
2019	Supervisor	13	87	60
2019	Non-supervisor	8	92	324
2018	Supervisor	15	85	46
2018	Non-supervisor	8	92	231

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	19	81	85
2022	Non-supervisor	16	84	320
2020	Supervisor	24	76	79
2020	Non-supervisor	20	80	321
2019	Supervisor	23	77	60
2019	Non-supervisor	15	85	324
2018	Supervisor	14	86	46
2018	Non-supervisor	17	83	231

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	1	99	85
2022	Non-supervisor	2	98	320

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	15	85	85
2022	Non-supervisor	19	81	320
2020	Supervisor	11	89	79
2020	Non-supervisor	12	88	321
2019	Supervisor	11	89	60
2019	Non-supervisor	17	83	324
2018	Supervisor	17	83	46
2018	Non-supervisor	15	85	231

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	100	85
2022	Non-supervisor	100	320
2020	Supervisor	100	79
2020	Non-supervisor	100	321
2018	Supervisor	100	46
2018	Non-supervisor	100	231

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	18	82	85
2022	Non-supervisor	20	80	320
2020	Supervisor	20	80	79
2020	Non-supervisor	18	82	321
2019	Supervisor	9	91	60
2019	Non-supervisor	19	81	324

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	33	67	85
2022	Non-supervisor	30	70	320
2020	Supervisor	21	79	79
2020	Non-supervisor	26	74	321
2019	Supervisor	34	66	60
2019	Non-supervisor	27	73	320
2018	Supervisor	23	77	46
2018	Non-supervisor	30	70	232

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	15	85	85
2022	Non-supervisor	11	89	320
2020	Supervisor	10	90	79
2020	Non-supervisor	12	88	321
2019	Supervisor	13	87	60
2019	Non-supervisor	11	89	320
2018	Supervisor	12	88	46
2018	Non-supervisor	13	87	232

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	2	98	85
2022	Non-supervisor	4	96	320

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	7	93	85
2022	Non-supervisor	17	83	320
2020	Supervisor	10	90	79
2020	Non-supervisor	13	87	321
2019	Supervisor	10	90	60
2019	Non-supervisor	14	86	320

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	2	98	85
2022	Non-supervisor	5	95	320

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	2	98	85
2022	Non-supervisor	6	94	320
2020	Supervisor	6	94	79
2020	Non-supervisor	4	96	321

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	2	98	85
2022	Non-supervisor	4	96	320
2020	Supervisor	9	91	79
2020	Non-supervisor	10	90	321
2019	Supervisor	8	92	60
2019	Non-supervisor	9	91	320

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	13	87	85
2022	Non-supervisor	8	92	320
2020	Supervisor	12	88	79
2020	Non-supervisor	8	92	321
2019	Supervisor	10	90	60
2019	Non-supervisor	7	93	320

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	56	44	85
2022	Non-supervisor	51	49	320
2020	Supervisor	55	45	79
2020	Non-supervisor	51	49	321
2019	Supervisor	47	53	60
2019	Non-supervisor	51	49	320
2018	Supervisor	59	41	46
2018	Non-supervisor	51	49	232

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	7	93	85
2022	Non-supervisor	5	95	300

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	13	87	85
2022	Non-supervisor	15	85	300
2020	Supervisor	24	76	74
2020	Non-supervisor	17	83	307
2018	Supervisor	24	76	44
2018	Non-supervisor	13	87	223

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	5	95	85
2022	Non-supervisor	4	96	300

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	2	98	85
2022	Non-supervisor	3	97	300

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	4	96	85
2022	Non-supervisor	4	96	300
2018	Supervisor	0	100	44
2018	Non-supervisor	2	98	223

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	5	95	85
2022	Non-supervisor	5	95	300

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	6	94	85
2022	Non-supervisor	10	90	300

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	6	94	85
2022	Non-supervisor	15	85	300
2020	Supervisor	8	92	74
2020	Non-supervisor	20	80	307

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	12	88	85
2022	Non-supervisor	13	87	300
2020	Supervisor	15	85	74
2020	Non-supervisor	11	89	307

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	23	77	85
2022	Non-supervisor	26	74	300
2020	Supervisor	26	74	74
2020	Non-supervisor	27	73	307
2018	Supervisor	22	78	44
2018	Non-supervisor	25	75	223

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	11	89	85
2022	Non-supervisor	7	93	300
2020	Supervisor	9	91	74
2020	Non-supervisor	6	94	307

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	46	54	85
2022	Non-supervisor	47	53	300
2020	Supervisor	42	58	74
2020	Non-supervisor	45	55	307
2018	Supervisor	46	54	44
2018	Non-supervisor	52	48	223

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	0	100	85
2022	Non-supervisor	2	98	300

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	68	32	85
2022	Non-supervisor	59	41	300
2020	Supervisor	69	31	74
2020	Non-supervisor	59	41	307
2018	Supervisor	67	33	44
2018	Non-supervisor	58	42	223

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	1	99	85
2022	Non-supervisor	2	98	300

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	15	85	85
2022	Non-supervisor	12	88	300
2020	Supervisor	8	92	74
2020	Non-supervisor	13	87	307
2018	Supervisor	18	82	44
2018	Non-supervisor	13	87	223

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	16	21	17	5	4	31	6	58	14	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	20	15	14	4	3	36	8	63	12	4180
2020	Supervisor	20	21	18	3	3	31	4	64	9	1186
2020	Non-supervisor	24	15	17	3	3	31	7	63	11	4365
2019	Supervisor	23	19	20	3	2	26	6	62	8	1060
2019	Non-supervisor	22	13	19	3	3	30	9	58	11	4314
2018	Supervisor	23	24	21	1	1	25	5	66	4	893
2018	Non-supervisor	20	15	21	4	3	31	6	56	11	3320

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	31	37	14	6	3	8	1	74	10	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	37	28	13	4	3	13	2	77	8	4180
2020	Supervisor	37	37	13	4	2	7	0	79	6	1189
2020	Non-supervisor	39	27	16	4	3	11	1	75	7	4372
2019	Supervisor	40	29	16	3	2	9	1	76	6	1058
2019	Non-supervisor	38	23	17	4	3	13	2	73	8	4318
2018	Supervisor	38	34	15	3	1	8	1	79	4	891
2018	Non-supervisor	34	27	18	4	3	13	1	71	8	3326

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	90	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	12	88	4175
2020	Supervisor	10	90	1189
2020	Non-supervisor	13	87	4345
2019	Supervisor	10	90	1058
2019	Non-supervisor	17	83	4318

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	63	37	115
2022	Non-supervisor	49	51	505
2020	Supervisor	51	49	116
2020	Non-supervisor	44	56	564

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	80	20	115
2022	Non-supervisor	66	34	505
2020	Supervisor	79	21	116
2020	Non-supervisor	75	25	564
2019	Supervisor	79	21	108
2019	Non-supervisor	80	20	719

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	45	35	5	10	2	3	0	82	12	90
2022	Non-supervisor	41	38	9	9	3	1	0	79	12	335
2020	Supervisor	40	46	10	3	1	0	0	86	4	91
2020	Non-supervisor	49	32	8	7	2	1	1	82	10	423
2019	Supervisor	48	32	12	5	4	0	0	80	9	84
2019	Non-supervisor	49	34	6	7	4	0	0	83	11	571

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	44	35	8	6	3	2	2	83	9	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	47	30	8	5	3	4	4	83	8	4175
2020	Supervisor	51	31	10	4	1	1	3	85	5	1188
2020	Non-supervisor	48	30	9	4	2	3	4	84	7	4369

Future of work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?
Survey year	Demographic	20% (1 out of 5 days) (%)	40% (2 out of 5 days) (%)	60% (3 out of 5 days) (%)	80% (4 out of 5 days) (%)	Other Please specify (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	48	20	7	3	22	625
2022	Non-supervisor	46	17	4	3	30	1970

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	74	26	760
2022	Non-supervisor	81	19	2165

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	39	61	760
2022	Non-supervisor	32	68	2165

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	71	29	760
2022	Non-supervisor	51	49	2165

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	55	45	760
2022	Non-supervisor	32	68	2165

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	28	72	760
2022	Non-supervisor	17	83	2165

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	59	41	760
2022	Non-supervisor	29	71	2165

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	30	70	760
2022	Non-supervisor	11	89	2165

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	18	82	760
2022	Non-supervisor	22	78	2165

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	18	82	760
2022	Non-supervisor	14	86	2165

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	43	57	760
2022	Non-supervisor	22	78	2165

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	41	59	760
2022	Non-supervisor	40	60	2165

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	4	96	760
2022	Non-supervisor	4	96	2165

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	11	89	760
2022	Non-supervisor	19	81	2165

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	68	17	5	2	2	0	7	91	4	760
2022	Non-supervisor	78	11	3	1	2	0	5	94	3	2160

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	8	15	13	15	41	2	7	61	25	760
2022	Non-supervisor	7	13	15	14	42	4	5	62	21	2165

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	12	24	17	16	26	4	2	44	39	760
2022	Non-supervisor	6	17	16	15	39	5	2	58	25	2165

Top of page

Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	53	30	7	5	4	1	0	84	10	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	54	27	7	5	4	2	1	84	9	4180
2020	Supervisor	52	29	8	7	3	0	0	82	10	1186
2020	Non-supervisor	49	29	9	7	4	1	1	80	11	4354

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	3	8	16	10	36	5	22	63	16	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	5	7	12	7	35	7	27	64	18	4170

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	22	43	15	11	7	1	65	19	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	30	37	15	8	5	4	70	14	4175
2020	Supervisor	35	45	11	6	2	1	81	8	1191
2020	Non-supervisor	39	39	13	5	2	2	80	7	4373
2019	Supervisor	26	47	16	9	2	1	73	11	1052
2019	Non-supervisor	27	36	18	9	5	4	67	15	4313
2018	Supervisor	30	43	16	7	3	1	74	10	894
2018	Non-supervisor	27	38	18	9	5	3	67	15	3316

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	9	27	38	19	7	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	13	27	34	20	6	4180

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	51	30	11	4	2	2	0	83	6	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	54	24	10	3	2	5	2	84	5	4180
2020	Supervisor	45	32	12	5	3	2	1	79	8	1181
2020	Non-supervisor	48	26	13	4	3	4	2	79	7	4358

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	45	28	9	10	7	1	0	74	17	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	47	24	9	9	7	2	1	73	17	4180
2020	Supervisor	37	31	11	13	6	1	0	69	20	1186
2020	Non-supervisor	39	28	12	11	8	1	1	68	19	4366

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	23	41	15	14	7	1	0	65	21	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	33	37	13	9	5	3	1	72	14	4175
2020	Supervisor	28	38	17	11	5	1	0	67	16	1189
2020	Non-supervisor	38	31	17	8	4	2	0	70	13	4366
2019	Supervisor	23	41	19	13	4	1	0	64	17	1059
2019	Non-supervisor	27	34	17	11	7	2	0	63	19	4321
2018	Supervisor	23	40	19	11	6	1	0	64	17	896
2018	Non-supervisor	26	34	18	11	8	3	0	62	19	3319

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	16	47	14	16	6	1	0	64	22	1095
2020	Supervisor	18	48	13	16	3	1	0	67	20	1190
2019	Supervisor	18	45	16	15	4	2	1	64	19	1056

Work-related stress

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	28	28	20	9	12	0	1	58	21	1085
2022	Non-supervisor	28	24	19	11	15	1	2	54	26	4150
2020	Supervisor	26	33	22	10	8	0	0	59	18	1188
2020	Non-supervisor	31	27	21	11	9	0	1	59	21	4359
2019	Supervisor	16	27	25	16	16	0	0	43	32	1061
2019	Non-supervisor	21	26	22	13	16	0	1	48	30	4326
2018	Supervisor	11	22	28	17	21	0	1	34	38	891
2018	Non-supervisor	16	22	23	16	21	0	2	39	37	3332

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	7	16	28	23	26	0	0	23	49	1085
2022	Non-supervisor	23	28	25	12	11	1	1	52	23	4160
2020	Supervisor	7	18	27	25	23	0	0	25	48	1192
2020	Non-supervisor	25	28	25	13	8	0	1	53	22	4368
2019	Supervisor	9	20	30	24	16	0	0	30	40	1059
2019	Non-supervisor	28	28	24	12	7	0	1	57	19	4322
2018	Supervisor	6	19	30	27	18	0	0	25	45	895
2018	Non-supervisor	23	28	27	14	8	0	1	51	22	3329

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	22	27	20	20	0	1	32	41	1085
2022	Non-supervisor	33	26	18	10	8	1	4	62	19	4140
2020	Supervisor	9	25	27	21	17	0	0	35	38	1184
2020	Non-supervisor	34	26	20	10	7	0	2	62	17	4361
2019	Supervisor	12	28	31	19	10	0	0	40	29	1048
2019	Non-supervisor	37	28	18	9	5	1	3	66	15	4310
2018	Supervisor	9	27	32	19	13	0	1	36	32	888
2018	Non-supervisor	29	27	22	11	7	1	3	58	19	3316

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	19	26	22	22	0	0	30	44	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	30	23	18	13	10	3	3	56	25	4150
2020	Supervisor	11	23	26	21	18	0	0	34	40	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	32	25	19	11	9	2	2	60	20	4358
2019	Supervisor	10	23	31	20	15	0	0	33	36	1058
2019	Non-supervisor	32	25	20	12	9	1	1	58	22	4309
2018	Supervisor	9	20	32	21	17	0	0	29	38	889
2018	Non-supervisor	28	24	21	14	10	1	2	53	25	3318

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	26	26	19	12	15	0	2	53	28	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	56	20	9	4	3	1	8	83	7	4155
2020	Supervisor	23	26	20	16	14	0	1	50	30	1185
2020	Non-supervisor	55	21	11	5	3	1	5	80	8	4347
2019	Supervisor	28	28	22	12	8	0	1	57	20	1053
2019	Non-supervisor	59	20	9	3	2	1	6	85	5	4306
2018	Supervisor	25	30	23	12	9	0	2	56	21	894
2018	Non-supervisor	54	22	12	3	3	1	6	81	7	3306

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	19	25	21	16	18	0	0	45	34	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	38	26	17	8	8	1	2	66	17	4160
2020	Supervisor	15	25	24	17	18	0	0	41	35	1188
2020	Non-supervisor	34	26	20	11	9	0	1	61	20	4365
2019	Supervisor	18	30	26	14	12	0	0	48	27	1060
2019	Non-supervisor	38	27	18	9	7	0	1	67	15	4316
2018	Supervisor	18	25	25	18	13	0	0	44	31	893
2018	Non-supervisor	33	26	20	10	9	0	1	60	19	3324

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	24	33	23	10	9	0	0	57	19	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	40	26	16	7	6	2	4	69	14	4160
2020	Supervisor	25	39	25	7	4	0	0	64	11	1183
2020	Non-supervisor	39	30	18	7	4	1	2	70	11	4343
2019	Supervisor	22	43	22	9	4	0	0	66	13	1056
2019	Non-supervisor	36	32	18	7	4	1	2	70	11	4309
2018	Supervisor	19	38	30	9	4	0	1	57	13	891
2018	Non-supervisor	30	32	22	8	5	1	2	64	14	3307

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	12	22	27	19	20	1	0	34	39	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	30	28	19	10	8	1	3	61	20	4165
2020	Supervisor	13	29	28	18	13	0	0	41	31	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	31	31	20	10	6	1	1	64	16	4336
2019	Supervisor	13	34	31	13	8	0	0	48	21	1054
2019	Non-supervisor	32	31	20	10	5	1	1	64	16	4309
2018	Supervisor	10	33	31	19	7	0	0	43	26	894
2018	Non-supervisor	27	30	23	11	7	1	1	58	18	3311

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	23	30	23	13	10	0	1	54	24	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	39	27	15	8	6	1	3	69	15	4170
2020	Supervisor	24	32	25	11	8	0	0	56	19	1188
2020	Non-supervisor	38	28	18	9	5	1	1	68	14	4345
2019	Supervisor	24	37	23	11	5	0	0	61	16	1058
2019	Non-supervisor	38	29	17	8	5	1	1	69	14	4301
2018	Supervisor	21	35	25	12	7	0	0	57	19	888
2018	Non-supervisor	31	29	22	10	6	1	2	61	16	3298

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	41	29	14	8	6	0	1	71	15	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	48	23	12	7	7	1	2	74	14	4165
2020	Supervisor	39	30	16	8	6	0	0	70	14	1189
2020	Non-supervisor	46	24	15	7	5	1	1	72	13	4336
2019	Supervisor	43	29	15	7	4	0	0	73	12	1055
2019	Non-supervisor	44	25	14	8	7	1	1	71	15	4298

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	49	28	13	5	4	0	1	78	9	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	55	24	10	4	4	1	2	81	8	4155
2020	Supervisor	23	33	26	12	5	0	0	56	17	1186
2020	Non-supervisor	30	30	21	11	7	0	1	60	18	4353

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	21	30	25	13	11	0	1	51	24	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	34	30	19	8	6	1	2	66	15	4160
2020	Supervisor	16	27	27	19	11	0	0	43	30	1188
2020	Non-supervisor	30	29	21	12	7	1	1	60	19	4344
2019	Supervisor	22	32	23	13	8	0	0	55	22	1056
2019	Non-supervisor	38	30	18	8	5	1	1	69	13	4295
2018	Supervisor	18	29	27	16	10	0	0	47	26	893
2018	Non-supervisor	32	30	21	10	6	1	1	63	16	3292

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	56	22	10	4	5	1	2	81	9	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	61	16	8	4	5	1	5	83	9	4150
2020	Supervisor	41	34	17	5	3	0	1	75	8	1184
2020	Non-supervisor	49	25	15	5	4	0	2	75	9	4349
2019	Supervisor	50	29	11	6	3	0	1	80	9	1052
2019	Non-supervisor	57	22	10	5	4	0	2	81	9	4290
2018	Supervisor	49	27	15	4	3	0	1	77	7	885
2018	Non-supervisor	53	23	13	4	4	1	3	79	8	3295

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	42	36	13	5	3	0	1	79	8	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	51	28	11	4	3	1	2	82	7	4160
2020	Supervisor	20	34	26	13	7	0	0	54	20	1182
2020	Non-supervisor	31	32	21	10	6	0	1	63	16	4355

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	73	13	3	1	1	1	7	94	3	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	69	12	5	2	2	1	9	90	5	4160
2020	Supervisor	67	17	6	2	2	0	6	90	4	1183
2020	Non-supervisor	62	19	8	3	2	1	5	86	5	4351
2019	Supervisor	75	11	4	1	1	1	6	93	3	1056
2019	Non-supervisor	70	14	5	2	2	1	6	90	5	4287
2018	Supervisor	70	15	6	2	2	0	4	89	4	887
2018	Non-supervisor	66	15	7	2	3	1	5	86	6	3303

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	75	12	5	2	2	1	4	91	4	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	74	9	4	2	3	2	6	90	6	4170
2020	Supervisor	76	12	5	2	2	1	3	91	4	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	77	9	4	2	3	1	4	90	5	4361
2019	Supervisor	76	10	5	2	3	1	3	89	5	1054
2019	Non-supervisor	72	10	5	3	4	1	3	87	8	4316
2018	Supervisor	77	10	6	1	2	1	3	90	4	892
2018	Non-supervisor	70	11	6	3	4	1	4	86	8	3304

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	64	22	7	3	1	0	2	89	4	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	72	15	5	2	1	1	5	92	3	4165
2020	Supervisor	66	23	7	2	2	0	1	89	4	1182
2020	Non-supervisor	74	15	5	2	1	1	2	92	3	4350
2019	Supervisor	54	32	9	3	2	0	1	86	5	1051
2019	Non-supervisor	62	22	8	3	2	0	2	86	5	4295
2018	Supervisor	53	30	12	3	2	0	1	83	5	886
2018	Non-supervisor	60	23	9	4	2	0	2	85	6	3302

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	65	18	8	3	4	0	2	85	7	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	69	13	6	4	4	1	4	86	8	4160
2020	Supervisor	66	18	8	4	3	0	1	85	7	1183
2020	Non-supervisor	69	14	7	4	4	1	2	85	8	4345
2019	Supervisor	58	23	9	4	5	0	1	82	9	1056
2019	Non-supervisor	64	17	8	4	4	1	2	83	9	4292
2018	Supervisor	54	24	12	5	3	0	1	79	8	882
2018	Non-supervisor	58	19	10	5	5	1	2	79	11	3295

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	54	28	13	3	2	0	1	82	5	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	67	5	2	1	1	1	25	96	2	4155
2020	Supervisor	47	32	14	4	2	0	1	80	6	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	66	4	2	1	0	1	26	96	1	4352
2019	Supervisor	42	35	16	4	2	0	1	77	7	1049
2019	Non-supervisor	66	5	2	1	0	1	25	96	2	4282
2018	Supervisor	41	34	17	5	2	0	0	76	7	881
2018	Non-supervisor	59	6	2	1	0	0	31	94	2	3277

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	71	17	6	2	1	0	3	91	3	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	74	11	4	1	1	1	9	93	3	4155
2020	Supervisor	69	19	7	1	1	0	2	90	3	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	76	12	4	2	1	1	5	93	3	4366
2019	Supervisor	66	23	7	1	1	0	2	90	2	1052
2019	Non-supervisor	74	12	4	1	1	0	7	93	2	4290
2018	Supervisor	66	21	9	2	1	0	2	88	2	882
2018	Non-supervisor	68	15	6	2	1	1	8	90	3	3287

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	79	11	4	1	2	0	2	92	4	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	57	15	10	5	7	1	4	76	13	4170
2020	Supervisor	78	12	5	2	2	0	1	91	4	1188
2020	Non-supervisor	59	17	10	5	6	1	2	78	11	4366
2019	Supervisor	82	10	3	1	2	0	2	94	4	1056
2019	Non-supervisor	60	13	9	6	8	0	3	76	15	4312
2018	Supervisor	78	12	4	2	2	0	2	92	4	885
2018	Non-supervisor	53	14	10	7	11	0	3	70	19	3301

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	51	26	13	5	2	0	2	79	7	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	51	23	13	5	3	1	4	78	8	4170
2020	Supervisor	44	32	16	5	2	0	1	77	7	1187
2020	Non-supervisor	45	28	16	6	3	0	1	74	10	4372
2019	Supervisor	56	28	11	3	1	0	1	85	4	1051
2019	Non-supervisor	52	25	12	5	3	0	2	80	8	4303
2018	Supervisor	50	29	14	4	2	0	1	80	6	883
2018	Non-supervisor	47	27	14	6	3	0	2	76	9	3304

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	5	20	42	21	11	0	25	32	1095
2022	Non-supervisor	15	33	36	10	5	1	48	15	4180
2020	Supervisor	6	24	41	20	9	0	30	29	1190
2020	Non-supervisor	18	34	32	12	4	0	52	16	4377
2019	Supervisor	8	27	43	16	5	0	35	21	1059
2019	Non-supervisor	20	35	31	10	3	0	55	13	4326
2018	Supervisor	6	26	42	20	5	0	32	26	895
2018	Non-supervisor	16	34	33	12	5	0	50	16	3342

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	16	26	41	12	4	0	17	42	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	7	16	39	24	13	1	37	23	4175
2020	Supervisor	19	25	39	14	3	0	17	44	1185
2020	Non-supervisor	9	18	37	24	11	0	36	27	4368
2019	Supervisor	11	22	44	17	6	0	23	33	1049
2019	Non-supervisor	9	16	37	25	14	0	39	25	4275
2018	Supervisor	12	25	40	17	6	0	23	37	885
2018	Non-supervisor	10	16	38	24	12	0	36	26	3277

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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	36	49	15	0	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	29	51	18	2	4180
2020	Supervisor	37	44	19	0	1192
2020	Non-supervisor	32	45	21	2	4380

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	33	67	385
2022	Non-supervisor	45	55	1200
2020	Supervisor	24	76	446
2020	Non-supervisor	35	65	1403

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	40	20	14	7	7	2	10	68	17	1090
2022	Non-supervisor	39	15	11	5	5	5	19	72	13	4180
2020	Supervisor	41	23	15	8	8	1	5	67	17	1190
2020	Non-supervisor	40	20	14	7	6	2	11	68	16	4367
2019	Supervisor	37	22	17	11	9	0	4	62	21	1048
2019	Non-supervisor	38	19	15	9	10	1	8	63	21	4296
2018	Supervisor	38	18	18	10	10	1	6	60	21	891
2018	Non-supervisor	34	19	16	10	12	2	7	58	24	3319

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	7	17	14	18	39	1	4	25	60	385
2022	Non-supervisor	10	20	14	18	31	2	5	32	53	1200
2020	Supervisor	9	19	16	23	29	1	4	29	54	446
2020	Non-supervisor	11	19	18	19	27	1	5	32	48	1400

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	3	12	12	21	46	2	4	17	70	385
2022	Non-supervisor	8	18	12	18	37	2	5	28	59	1200
2020	Supervisor	4	12	15	27	40	1	2	16	68	448
2020	Non-supervisor	8	16	16	21	36	1	2	24	59	1402

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada by Question 81. Are you a supervisor?

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources