2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Employee engagement
- Employee engagement
Leadership
- Immediate supervisor
- Senior management
Workforce
Workplace
Workplace well-being
Compensation
- Pay or other compensation issues
- Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

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Employee engagement

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	40	8	2	7	83	9	80
2022	First Nations	54	35	7	4	0	89	4	20
2022	Métis	40	41	7	2	9	81	11	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	39	13	6	4	77	10	3770
2020	Indigenous	39	34	15	7	4	73	11	69
2020	First Nations	45	37	11	7	0	82	7	26
2020	Métis	36	32	18	7	7	68	14	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	40	11	7	3	79	10	3505
2019	Indigenous	34	40	10	13	2	74	16	82
2019	First Nations	39	48	9	4	0	87	4	22
2019	Métis	31	36	11	18	3	68	21	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	37	13	8	4	75	12	3682
2018	Indigenous	32	35	15	7	10	68	18	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	41	13	8	5	74	13	3306

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	34	6	7	8	0	79	15	80
2022	First Nations	53	39	4	0	4	0	92	4	20
2022	Métis	44	31	6	13	7	0	75	19	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	36	12	7	4	0	77	12	3765
2020	Indigenous	46	24	6	15	7	1	72	23	69
2020	First Nations	49	22	0	18	7	4	74	26	26
2020	Métis	45	26	9	14	7	0	70	20	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	36	12	8	5	0	75	13	3507
2019	Indigenous	39	34	10	8	8	0	73	17	82
2019	First Nations	53	30	8	4	5	0	83	9	22
2019	Métis	32	37	11	10	10	0	68	21	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	35	13	9	6	0	72	15	3671
2018	Indigenous	37	32	11	10	10	0	69	21	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	37	13	9	7	0	71	17	3307

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	31	8	5	1	0	85	6	80
2022	First Nations	81	19	0	0	0	0	100	0	20
2022	Métis	48	34	12	5	2	0	81	7	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	34	11	4	2	0	84	5	3765
2020	Indigenous	56	25	10	8	0	0	82	8	69
2020	First Nations	66	19	7	7	0	0	85	7	26
2020	Métis	50	30	12	9	0	0	79	9	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	34	9	3	2	0	85	5	3479
2019	Indigenous	48	34	11	5	1	1	83	6	82
2019	First Nations	48	39	4	4	0	5	91	4	22
2019	Métis	46	33	14	5	2	0	79	7	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	34	11	4	2	0	83	6	3652
2018	Indigenous	47	34	10	4	5	0	81	9	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	35	11	4	2	0	82	7	3289

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	38	1	4	5	0	89	10	80
2022	First Nations	67	29	4	0	0	0	96	0	20
2022	Métis	48	39	0	7	5	0	88	12	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	38	10	5	3	0	82	8	3765
2020	Indigenous	47	31	14	6	2	1	79	7	69
2020	First Nations	49	29	11	4	4	4	81	8	26
2020	Métis	45	32	16	7	0	0	77	7	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	37	9	5	2	0	83	7	3511
2019	Indigenous	46	37	9	5	3	0	83	8	81
2019	First Nations	52	44	0	4	0	0	96	4	22
2019	Métis	44	33	13	5	5	0	77	10	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	38	12	5	3	0	81	8	3681
2018	Indigenous	35	37	11	9	8	0	73	17	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	38	13	6	3	0	77	10	3317

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	22	5	5	8	2	81	14	80
2022	First Nations	74	9	6	8	0	4	86	8	20
2022	Métis	51	26	6	6	9	2	79	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	32	12	6	4	1	78	10	3770
2020	Indigenous	56	17	16	6	6	0	72	11	69
2020	First Nations	66	15	4	7	7	0	81	15	26
2020	Métis	49	18	24	5	5	0	67	9	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	30	12	5	3	0	80	8	3502
2019	Indigenous	51	18	16	5	9	1	71	13	82
2019	First Nations	65	22	4	4	5	0	87	9	22
2019	Métis	46	16	21	5	11	2	63	16	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	30	15	6	4	1	75	10	3669
2018	Indigenous	31	38	15	5	10	1	70	16	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	32	16	6	4	1	73	11	3303

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	54	22	10	7	6	0	76	13	80
2022	First Nations	66	12	14	8	0	0	78	8	20
2022	Métis	50	27	9	5	8	0	78	13	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	34	11	8	4	0	77	12	3765
2020	Indigenous	52	25	10	7	6	0	77	13	69
2020	First Nations	56	25	4	11	4	0	81	15	26
2020	Métis	49	25	15	5	7	0	74	11	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	33	11	6	3	0	80	8	3485
2019	Indigenous	51	18	17	6	7	1	70	13	82
2019	First Nations	65	22	4	9	0	0	87	9	22
2019	Métis	46	15	22	5	10	2	62	16	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	33	12	7	4	0	77	11	3663
2018	Indigenous	27	42	14	7	9	1	70	16	72
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	34	15	7	4	0	74	11	3291

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	19	10	11	7	5	2	69	20	80
2022	First Nations	55	19	18	8	0	0	0	74	8	20
2022	Métis	41	16	10	14	8	8	4	64	24	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	25	17	10	7	5	0	64	18	3770
2020	Indigenous	43	22	19	7	9	0	0	65	16	67
2020	First Nations	47	15	15	7	15	0	0	63	22	25
2020	Métis	40	26	22	7	5	0	0	66	12	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	25	17	9	5	3	1	67	15	3512
2019	Indigenous	42	20	14	13	9	2	0	63	22	82
2019	First Nations	54	25	9	8	5	0	0	78	13	22
2019	Métis	37	17	17	15	11	2	0	55	27	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	24	19	9	7	3	1	64	17	3677
2018	Indigenous	30	23	14	15	15	1	3	54	31	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	25	19	11	8	3	0	61	19	3312

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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	29	11	7	3	0	5	78	11	80
2022	First Nations	40	40	11	4	0	0	5	84	4	20
2022	Métis	45	28	10	6	5	0	5	77	12	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	28	11	3	2	1	5	83	5	3760
2020	Indigenous	58	17	10	4	4	2	5	80	9	69
2020	First Nations	52	12	11	3	4	4	13	78	9	26
2020	Métis	61	21	9	5	5	0	0	82	9	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	26	13	3	2	1	4	81	5	3506
2019	Indigenous	50	26	7	8	2	2	5	81	11	82
2019	First Nations	51	26	0	5	0	0	19	94	6	22
2019	Métis	47	26	10	10	3	3	0	76	13	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	25	12	4	3	1	4	80	7	3679

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	35	6	7	4	1	0	83	11	80
2022	First Nations	51	27	14	4	4	0	0	79	8	20
2022	Métis	48	37	2	6	6	2	0	87	11	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	30	8	5	3	1	1	85	8	3755
2020	Indigenous	64	13	11	4	7	0	0	78	11	69
2020	First Nations	63	8	14	4	11	0	0	71	15	26
2020	Métis	65	17	9	5	4	0	0	82	9	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	29	9	6	3	0	1	83	8	3512
2019	Indigenous	51	25	13	7	5	0	0	75	11	82
2019	First Nations	49	42	4	0	5	0	0	91	5	22
2019	Métis	50	19	17	10	5	0	0	68	15	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	31	9	7	4	1	0	80	11	3668
2018	Indigenous	48	29	9	7	6	1	0	77	13	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	31	9	6	4	1	0	80	11	3290

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	25	4	5	4	0	1	86	10	80
2022	First Nations	55	31	6	8	0	0	0	86	8	20
2022	Métis	63	23	4	3	6	0	2	87	9	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	60	25	8	4	3	0	0	85	7	3760
2020	Indigenous	65	18	4	9	4	0	0	83	13	69
2020	First Nations	56	25	3	8	7	0	0	82	15	26
2020	Métis	70	14	5	9	2	0	0	84	12	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	60	24	8	5	2	0	0	85	7	3513
2019	Indigenous	59	17	12	7	5	1	0	77	12	82
2019	First Nations	59	32	5	0	5	0	0	91	5	22
2019	Métis	58	11	15	10	5	2	0	70	15	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	25	9	5	4	0	0	82	9	3682
2018	Indigenous	53	23	10	9	4	0	1	77	14	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	53	27	9	6	4	0	0	80	10	3297

Senior management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	30	15	8	5	7	70	14	80
2022	First Nations	38	29	16	12	0	4	70	13	20
2022	Métis	36	29	15	6	7	8	70	14	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	29	12	7	4	8	75	12	3765
2020	Indigenous	55	18	11	8	6	3	75	14	68
2020	First Nations	63	15	4	11	0	7	84	12	26
2020	Métis	50	19	17	5	9	0	69	15	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	29	13	6	3	9	76	10	3510
2019	Indigenous	30	34	13	10	5	7	69	16	82
2019	First Nations	37	36	4	9	4	10	81	14	22
2019	Métis	29	31	18	11	5	6	63	18	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	32	14	8	5	7	71	14	3659
2018	Indigenous	38	28	8	11	10	5	70	22	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	30	16	8	7	7	67	16	3323

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	29	13	8	9	5	68	18	80
2022	First Nations	38	26	36	0	0	0	64	0	20
2022	Métis	34	30	6	10	11	8	70	23	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	31	15	10	8	3	67	18	3765
2020	Indigenous	43	30	8	12	4	3	75	16	69
2020	First Nations	46	32	4	15	0	4	81	16	26
2020	Métis	41	28	12	10	7	2	71	17	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	33	14	8	4	3	72	13	3503
2019	Indigenous	29	36	14	6	12	3	66	19	80
2019	First Nations	30	47	9	0	9	5	81	10	21
2019	Métis	29	29	17	9	14	3	59	23	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	33	16	10	7	3	66	18	3658
2018	Indigenous	28	37	10	12	11	1	66	24	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	32	17	11	9	2	62	21	3318

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	32	11	12	11	5	63	25	80
2022	First Nations	24	35	15	16	0	9	65	18	20
2022	Métis	29	34	7	12	13	5	67	26	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	29	17	13	10	6	58	24	3760
2020	Indigenous	24	37	15	12	10	3	62	22	69
2020	First Nations	21	47	11	15	4	4	70	19	26
2020	Métis	25	31	19	10	14	2	57	24	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	33	18	12	5	5	63	18	3500
2019	Indigenous	23	26	19	18	10	3	51	30	82
2019	First Nations	25	22	17	21	9	5	50	32	22
2019	Métis	22	27	21	15	12	3	51	28	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	31	19	13	8	5	57	22	3658
2018	Indigenous	23	38	13	10	13	4	63	23	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	30	20	14	10	5	53	26	3316

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	29	11	16	9	5	62	26	80
2022	First Nations	49	16	14	21	0	0	65	21	20
2022	Métis	22	36	9	15	10	8	63	28	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	32	15	15	11	2	59	26	3770
2020	Indigenous	32	30	14	17	6	1	63	23	69
2020	First Nations	35	29	21	15	0	0	64	15	26
2020	Métis	30	30	9	19	9	2	62	29	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	37	16	12	6	3	64	19	3511
2019	Indigenous	22	28	18	19	12	2	51	31	80
2019	First Nations	25	18	18	26	14	0	43	40	21
2019	Métis	21	32	18	14	12	3	54	27	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	32	18	16	10	3	55	27	3661
2018	Indigenous	26	29	17	12	14	2	57	26	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	33	18	17	12	2	52	29	3322

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Workforce

Performance management

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	27	13	3	8	0	0	76	10	80
2022	First Nations	70	17	10	0	4	0	0	87	4	20
2022	Métis	46	33	10	5	7	0	0	79	11	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	34	14	8	5	0	0	74	13	3770
2020	Indigenous	38	33	10	10	8	1	0	72	18	69
2020	First Nations	35	33	7	15	7	4	0	70	23	26
2020	Métis	40	33	11	7	9	0	0	73	16	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	37	13	8	5	0	0	74	13	3512
2019	Indigenous	41	33	11	8	6	0	1	74	14	82
2019	First Nations	55	29	7	5	5	0	0	84	9	22
2019	Métis	33	35	14	10	6	0	2	69	17	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	36	14	10	6	0	0	70	16	3676
2018	Indigenous	40	22	18	9	12	0	0	61	21	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	34	16	10	8	0	0	66	19	3310

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	46	8	9	1	0	82	10	75
2022	First Nations	49	48	0	4	0	0	96	4	20
2022	Métis	29	49	7	14	2	0	78	16	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	41	9	7	3	0	81	10	3765
2020	Indigenous	47	30	10	11	3	0	76	14	69
2020	First Nations	53	25	11	11	0	0	78	11	26
2020	Métis	43	32	9	11	5	0	75	16	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	41	10	8	3	0	79	11	3491
2019	Indigenous	32	34	15	10	8	1	67	19	82
2019	First Nations	36	47	4	3	5	5	87	8	22
2019	Métis	28	29	19	13	10	0	57	23	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	39	11	9	4	0	75	14	3665
2018	Indigenous	35	39	10	7	9	0	74	16	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	39	13	10	4	0	73	14	3319

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	30	4	9	5	0	0	83	14	75
2022	First Nations	57	24	11	8	0	0	0	81	8	20
2022	Métis	51	34	0	7	8	0	0	85	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	32	9	6	3	0	0	82	10	3765
2020	Indigenous	57	17	14	7	6	0	0	74	13	69
2020	First Nations	53	18	7	18	4	0	0	71	22	26
2020	Métis	59	16	18	0	7	0	0	75	7	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	31	10	6	3	0	0	81	9	3512
2019	Indigenous	56	19	9	6	6	4	0	78	12	82
2019	First Nations	68	17	3	0	5	8	0	91	5	22
2019	Métis	50	20	12	8	7	3	0	72	15	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	31	11	7	5	1	1	77	12	3677
2018	Indigenous	46	30	12	5	6	0	1	77	11	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	33	10	7	4	1	0	78	12	3299

Job fit and development

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	32	11	12	3	0	1	74	15	75
2022	First Nations	59	25	9	7	0	0	0	84	7	20
2022	Métis	36	33	12	12	5	0	2	71	17	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	39	11	9	3	0	1	77	12	3765
2020	Indigenous	48	35	6	7	4	0	0	83	11	69
2020	First Nations	47	36	3	11	4	0	0	82	14	26
2020	Métis	50	34	7	4	5	0	0	84	9	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	38	11	8	3	0	1	77	12	3493
2019	Indigenous	35	31	13	11	6	1	1	69	18	80
2019	First Nations	31	47	8	9	0	5	0	82	9	22
2019	Métis	39	25	16	10	9	0	2	64	20	56
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	40	11	11	4	0	1	73	16	3661
2018	Indigenous	30	35	15	16	4	0	0	65	20	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	44	10	10	4	0	1	76	14	3317

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	18	10	4	6	1	0	80	10	80
2022	First Nations	64	18	14	0	4	0	0	82	4	20
2022	Métis	61	18	10	3	6	2	0	80	9	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	58	23	9	4	3	2	1	83	7	3755
2020	Indigenous	62	14	7	10	6	1	0	77	16	69
2020	First Nations	60	22	3	11	4	0	0	82	15	26
2020	Métis	63	9	10	9	7	2	0	74	16	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	24	11	4	3	2	2	80	8	3504

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	38	14	8	7	2	71	15	80
2022	First Nations	47	35	14	4	0	0	82	4	20
2022	Métis	29	40	10	12	7	3	71	19	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	35	15	10	6	3	68	16	3765
2020	Indigenous	35	32	15	10	7	2	68	17	69
2020	First Nations	39	32	14	7	8	0	71	15	26
2020	Métis	32	32	15	11	7	2	66	19	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	33	17	10	5	3	66	16	3498
2019	Indigenous	31	25	21	13	7	4	58	21	82
2019	First Nations	44	27	16	5	3	5	75	8	22
2019	Métis	24	24	23	16	9	3	50	26	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	33	16	12	8	2	63	21	3667
2018	Indigenous	26	32	12	11	15	2	60	28	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	34	17	13	9	2	60	22	3306

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	31	16	7	3	2	6	72	10	80
2022	First Nations	29	31	25	0	0	6	10	71	0	20
2022	Métis	40	27	14	10	5	2	4	71	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	23	13	6	5	1	6	74	12	3765
2020	Indigenous	51	24	11	5	3	0	6	79	9	69
2020	First Nations	47	36	10	3	4	0	0	82	7	26
2020	Métis	54	16	11	7	2	0	10	77	10	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	23	14	6	3	1	4	75	10	3519
2019	Indigenous	50	19	12	6	7	1	4	73	14	81
2019	First Nations	57	8	20	0	12	0	3	67	12	22
2019	Métis	45	25	10	8	6	2	5	75	15	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	22	12	5	3	1	4	79	8	3680

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	16	14	5	4	2	5	76	9	80
2022	First Nations	54	22	10	0	0	4	10	88	0	20
2022	Métis	57	12	13	8	7	2	2	71	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	22	12	5	3	2	5	79	9	3765
2020	Indigenous	56	20	14	4	1	0	5	79	6	69
2020	First Nations	57	21	22	0	0	0	0	78	0	26
2020	Métis	55	19	9	7	2	0	8	80	10	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	24	14	4	2	1	3	78	7	3516
2019	Indigenous	45	25	11	9	4	1	5	74	13	82
2019	First Nations	58	18	9	0	4	3	8	86	5	22
2019	Métis	40	29	13	10	4	0	4	72	15	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	23	13	6	4	2	3	77	10	3674

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	75	7	4	5	3	2	5	88	8	80
2022	First Nations	60	14	16	0	0	0	10	82	0	20
2022	Métis	82	7	0	6	0	4	2	93	7	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	8	4	2	2	5	6	91	5	3765
2020	Indigenous	74	6	9	3	3	2	5	85	6	69
2020	First Nations	77	4	8	7	0	4	0	85	7	26
2020	Métis	72	7	9	0	4	0	8	85	5	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	75	9	5	2	2	4	4	91	4	3500
2019	Indigenous	67	12	7	3	2	6	3	86	6	82
2019	First Nations	75	6	12	4	0	3	0	83	4	22
2019	Métis	63	15	5	3	3	7	4	87	8	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	75	8	5	2	3	4	4	90	6	3667

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	15	11	5	0	1	8	82	6	80
2022	First Nations	58	21	6	5	0	0	10	88	6	20
2022	Métis	61	13	12	4	0	2	8	82	5	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	70	9	4	2	2	2	11	91	4	3765
2020	Indigenous	74	4	7	0	6	0	9	86	6	69
2020	First Nations	81	4	3	0	4	0	8	92	4	26
2020	Métis	70	5	9	0	7	0	10	82	8	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	75	10	4	1	1	2	7	93	3	3505
2019	Indigenous	79	7	2	1	1	3	6	95	3	81
2019	First Nations	72	12	0	0	5	3	8	95	5	22
2019	Métis	80	5	3	2	0	3	6	95	2	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	79	6	2	1	1	2	9	95	2	3660

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	32	6	13	13	2	5	65	28	80
2022	First Nations	35	43	6	13	4	0	0	78	17	20
2022	Métis	25	28	7	13	17	4	6	60	33	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	33	12	13	13	3	2	61	27	3765
2020	Indigenous	37	20	12	11	17	0	3	59	29	69
2020	First Nations	34	23	14	10	15	0	4	59	26	26
2020	Métis	39	18	10	12	18	0	2	59	31	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	27	16	15	12	3	2	55	28	3514
2019	Indigenous	27	17	19	18	16	0	2	46	35	82
2019	First Nations	45	8	9	13	17	0	8	57	33	22
2019	Métis	19	20	24	20	17	0	0	39	37	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	28	15	14	15	2	2	55	30	3678
2018	Indigenous	22	22	13	14	26	0	3	45	41	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	27	15	15	17	2	1	51	34	3314

Empowerment

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	32	17	12	3	0	67	16	80
2022	First Nations	43	29	24	4	0	0	72	4	20
2022	Métis	32	38	12	13	6	0	70	19	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	38	12	9	6	0	73	15	3765
2020	Indigenous	40	34	10	10	4	1	75	14	69
2020	First Nations	42	36	4	11	4	4	81	15	26
2020	Métis	39	32	14	9	4	0	72	14	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	38	12	9	5	0	74	14	3497
2019	Indigenous	41	24	11	15	9	0	65	24	80
2019	First Nations	59	18	9	9	4	0	77	14	21
2019	Métis	32	27	12	18	11	0	59	29	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	37	14	9	7	0	71	15	3658
2018	Indigenous	37	24	10	19	10	0	61	29	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	38	13	10	7	0	70	17	3300

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	29	12	7	2	1	79	9	80
2022	First Nations	67	20	6	8	0	0	86	8	20
2022	Métis	41	38	13	5	2	2	80	6	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	35	15	7	4	0	74	11	3760
2020	Indigenous	51	27	7	10	4	1	79	14	69
2020	First Nations	49	33	0	15	0	4	85	15	26
2020	Métis	52	23	11	7	7	0	75	14	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	35	14	8	4	0	73	13	3511
2019	Indigenous	50	19	14	7	10	0	69	17	82
2019	First Nations	54	29	8	0	9	0	83	9	22
2019	Métis	47	16	16	10	11	0	63	21	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	34	14	9	6	0	71	15	3676
2018	Indigenous	44	20	14	9	13	0	64	22	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	33	15	10	7	0	68	17	3295

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	33	8	4	8	0	1	80	12	80
2022	First Nations	63	30	8	0	0	0	0	92	0	20
2022	Métis	44	36	5	5	10	0	0	79	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	37	13	6	3	0	0	78	9	3765
2020	Indigenous	44	33	11	6	4	1	0	78	10	68
2020	First Nations	44	41	4	4	4	4	0	88	8	25
2020	Métis	44	28	16	7	4	0	0	73	12	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	40	11	7	3	0	0	79	10	3489
2019	Indigenous	49	25	13	8	5	0	0	74	13	82
2019	First Nations	57	27	12	0	5	0	0	84	5	22
2019	Métis	44	25	14	12	5	0	0	70	17	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	39	13	8	3	0	1	76	11	3621
2018	Indigenous	36	34	12	12	6	0	0	70	18	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	36	15	9	6	0	1	70	15	3303

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	34	11	10	2	3	4	75	13	80
2022	First Nations	43	27	15	9	0	6	0	75	9	20
2022	Métis	33	37	12	7	2	2	8	77	9	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	40	15	9	4	4	1	70	14	3765
2020	Indigenous	33	37	16	9	4	1	0	71	13	69
2020	First Nations	34	47	4	11	0	4	0	85	12	26
2020	Métis	32	30	24	7	7	0	0	62	14	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	41	18	9	3	4	0	69	12	3511
2019	Indigenous	29	28	19	13	6	6	0	60	20	82
2019	First Nations	42	24	0	22	4	8	0	72	28	22
2019	Métis	20	31	27	10	7	5	0	54	17	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	39	19	9	5	4	0	66	14	3678
2018	Indigenous	27	35	16	7	14	2	0	62	21	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	36	21	9	6	4	0	62	16	3318

Work-life balance and workload

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	28	4	15	7	0	0	74	22	75
2022	First Nations	59	31	0	10	0	0	0	90	10	15
2022	Métis	39	28	4	19	9	0	0	67	29	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	31	9	7	4	0	0	79	11	3765
2020	Indigenous	55	24	10	7	4	0	0	79	11	69
2020	First Nations	53	29	7	8	4	0	0	82	11	26
2020	Métis	56	21	11	7	4	0	0	77	11	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	31	11	7	4	0	0	78	11	3503
2019	Indigenous	51	25	12	8	4	0	0	76	12	81
2019	First Nations	56	18	5	13	8	0	0	74	21	21
2019	Métis	47	28	15	7	3	0	0	75	10	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	32	8	7	4	1	0	81	11	3670
2018	Indigenous	47	24	10	11	7	0	1	72	18	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	30	9	8	4	0	0	79	12	3311

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	34	13	8	4	0	1	75	12	80
2022	First Nations	30	33	23	8	0	0	5	67	9	20
2022	Métis	43	29	12	11	5	0	0	72	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	32	14	7	5	0	1	75	11	3770
2020	Indigenous	39	33	12	9	8	0	0	71	17	68
2020	First Nations	29	46	7	11	7	0	0	75	18	26
2020	Métis	45	23	15	7	9	0	0	69	16	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	34	17	8	6	0	0	69	14	3505
2019	Indigenous	42	36	10	7	2	1	1	80	9	81
2019	First Nations	49	35	8	5	4	0	0	84	8	21
2019	Métis	39	38	11	7	2	2	1	80	9	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	33	16	7	4	0	0	74	10	3667
2018	Indigenous	40	31	16	4	8	1	0	72	12	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	31	16	8	5	0	0	70	13	3320

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	65	22	2	4	4	1	1	89	8	80
2022	First Nations	47	39	10	0	4	0	0	86	4	20
2022	Métis	75	14	0	5	3	2	2	92	8	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	68	21	4	2	2	2	1	91	5	3765

Mobility and retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	29	32	80
2022	First Nations	33	44	23	20
2022	Métis	46	21	34	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	32	30	3765
2020	Indigenous	25	34	41	69
2020	First Nations	26	39	35	26
2020	Métis	25	30	44	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	39	35	3514
2019	Indigenous	28	27	45	81
2019	First Nations	9	35	57	21
2019	Métis	37	22	41	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	35	35	3690
2018	Indigenous	30	38	32	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	36	35	3319

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes, to retire (%)	Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Yes, other reason Specify other reason (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	31	25	5	6	9	30
2022	Métis	16	35	31	0	9	8	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	32	32	6	11	8	1390
2020	Indigenous	6	22	55	0	0	17	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	31	38	5	6	6	917
2019	Indigenous	18	25	36	8	4	8	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	28	40	5	8	7	1094
2018	Indigenous	9	4	41	4	22	20	23
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	26	43	5	7	7	958

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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	25	11	6	1	1	82	7	80
2022	First Nations	68	28	4	0	0	0	96	0	20
2022	Métis	54	28	9	5	2	2	84	7	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	36	7	4	2	0	87	6	3765
2020	Indigenous	55	32	8	4	0	0	87	4	69
2020	First Nations	53	36	7	4	0	0	89	4	26
2020	Métis	56	30	9	5	0	0	86	5	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	36	9	4	2	0	86	5	3499
2019	Indigenous	48	29	12	5	5	1	78	10	82
2019	First Nations	63	24	8	5	0	0	87	5	22
2019	Métis	41	32	14	5	7	2	74	12	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	36	10	5	2	0	84	7	3663
2018	Indigenous	48	41	3	3	5	0	89	7	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	40	9	4	2	0	86	6	3316

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	37	19	10	3	1	67	14	80
2022	First Nations	39	31	14	17	0	0	70	17	20
2022	Métis	26	40	21	9	5	0	66	14	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	44	14	9	4	1	73	13	3760
2020	Indigenous	40	38	10	10	0	1	80	10	69
2020	First Nations	43	50	4	3	0	0	93	3	26
2020	Métis	39	30	15	14	0	2	71	14	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	44	14	6	2	1	78	8	3511
2019	Indigenous	27	41	15	13	3	2	68	16	82
2019	First Nations	26	44	0	24	0	6	74	26	22
2019	Métis	25	40	22	8	5	0	65	13	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	44	14	7	3	1	76	10	3678
2018	Indigenous	24	45	12	12	6	3	70	18	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	44	16	9	4	1	71	13	3312

Organizational performance

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	20	40	21	11	2	1	32	27	80
2022	First Nations	0	13	39	22	21	0	4	46	14	20
2022	Métis	9	19	36	26	7	3	0	35	28	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	20	34	22	12	1	3	36	29	3760
2020	Indigenous	10	27	35	11	14	1	2	26	38	69
2020	First Nations	7	14	47	4	25	4	0	30	21	26
2020	Métis	11	35	27	17	7	0	3	24	48	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	20	36	23	10	1	1	34	29	3512
2019	Indigenous	13	19	36	23	9	0	0	33	32	82
2019	First Nations	4	16	35	20	24	0	0	45	20	22
2019	Métis	17	21	36	24	3	0	0	27	37	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	23	35	21	10	1	1	31	33	3672
2018	Indigenous	11	21	37	17	9	0	5	27	34	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	23	37	21	8	1	1	29	33	3314

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	20	33	25	7	0	2	33	33	75
2022	First Nations	6	19	27	38	10	0	0	48	25	15
2022	Métis	16	22	31	20	8	0	3	29	39	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	20	31	19	12	2	4	33	34	3760
2020	Indigenous	20	18	37	11	10	0	3	22	39	68
2020	First Nations	15	25	34	8	19	0	0	26	40	25
2020	Métis	23	14	39	13	5	0	6	19	39	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	19	31	23	12	2	2	37	31	3502
2019	Indigenous	17	22	27	17	13	0	4	31	41	82
2019	First Nations	20	4	30	21	18	0	8	42	26	22
2019	Métis	17	30	25	14	12	0	2	27	48	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	20	32	20	10	2	2	31	36	3668
2018	Indigenous	26	16	28	16	10	0	3	28	44	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	21	31	18	10	2	2	29	38	3311

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	8	27	43	15	0	0	58	16	80
2022	First Nations	4	0	32	38	25	0	0	63	4	20
2022	Métis	9	6	23	47	14	0	0	61	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	15	29	26	19	1	3	47	24	3760
2020	Indigenous	6	14	31	32	14	1	2	48	21	69
2020	First Nations	3	4	32	36	21	4	0	59	7	26
2020	Métis	7	21	30	30	9	0	3	40	29	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	15	31	29	15	1	1	45	23	3496
2019	Indigenous	9	13	27	32	16	0	3	50	23	82
2019	First Nations	0	14	36	30	20	0	0	50	14	22
2019	Métis	13	13	24	31	15	0	4	48	27	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	15	32	29	15	1	1	45	23	3660
2018	Indigenous	14	16	32	20	17	0	2	38	30	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	17	32	27	14	1	1	42	26	3298

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	14	31	20	22	0	1	42	26	75
2022	First Nations	16	0	39	4	37	0	4	43	17	20
2022	Métis	11	23	24	24	18	0	0	43	33	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	18	24	22	19	2	5	43	31	3755
2020	Indigenous	18	19	21	20	18	0	3	40	38	69
2020	First Nations	14	22	17	17	26	0	4	44	38	26
2020	Métis	21	17	24	23	13	0	3	37	38	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	20	26	23	17	1	2	41	32	3500
2019	Indigenous	9	27	21	22	19	1	2	41	37	81
2019	First Nations	8	28	9	22	29	5	0	54	37	22
2019	Métis	10	27	27	19	15	0	2	34	38	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	19	28	21	15	2	2	38	33	3670
2018	Indigenous	21	23	26	12	14	1	3	27	46	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	21	28	20	12	2	3	33	37	3315

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	18	28	19	19	6	1	41	29	80
2022	First Nations	0	30	34	14	16	5	0	31	32	20
2022	Métis	13	16	22	19	20	8	2	43	32	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	16	23	22	20	4	6	46	28	3765
2020	Indigenous	6	23	19	26	21	3	2	50	30	69
2020	First Nations	3	15	14	31	33	4	0	66	20	26
2020	Métis	7	28	23	23	13	2	3	38	37	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	13	23	28	23	4	3	54	22	3486
2019	Indigenous	11	14	22	28	23	1	2	52	26	82
2019	First Nations	0	15	9	31	34	5	6	73	17	22
2019	Métis	15	15	28	23	19	0	0	42	30	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	17	26	24	18	3	2	45	28	3663
2018	Indigenous	24	15	19	18	18	0	6	38	42	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	18	26	24	16	3	3	42	31	3300

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	22	40	20	8	2	0	29	30	80
2022	First Nations	4	7	33	40	15	0	0	56	11	20
2022	Métis	10	27	41	11	7	3	0	19	38	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	18	31	19	15	3	4	36	30	3760
2020	Indigenous	13	11	40	25	8	2	2	34	25	68
2020	First Nations	3	11	37	30	18	0	0	48	15	25
2020	Métis	19	12	41	21	2	3	3	25	32	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	17	33	24	14	2	2	39	27	3498
2019	Indigenous	17	17	25	22	17	1	2	40	35	82
2019	First Nations	8	12	21	33	21	5	0	58	21	22
2019	Métis	21	19	26	15	16	0	2	32	41	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	20	33	21	11	2	2	34	31	3667
2018	Indigenous	19	22	32	15	9	1	2	25	42	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	21	33	20	10	2	2	32	35	3312

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	15	30	40	14	0	1	54	15	80
2022	First Nations	0	18	32	38	11	0	0	50	18	20
2022	Métis	0	15	28	39	16	0	2	56	16	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	13	33	27	19	1	2	47	19	3765
2020	Indigenous	11	20	33	29	6	0	2	36	31	69
2020	First Nations	17	15	29	29	10	0	0	39	32	26
2020	Métis	7	23	35	29	3	0	3	33	31	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	17	36	26	13	1	1	39	24	3507
2019	Indigenous	11	15	26	25	19	1	3	45	27	82
2019	First Nations	23	9	30	18	20	0	0	39	32	22
2019	Métis	7	16	26	27	19	2	4	49	24	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	15	32	28	16	1	2	45	22	3674

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	35	16	18	10	2	55	28	80
2022	First Nations	28	17	24	22	9	0	45	31	20
2022	Métis	16	43	12	16	10	3	61	27	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	33	18	16	10	3	54	28	3765
2020	Indigenous	27	35	20	13	4	1	62	17	69
2020	First Nations	29	46	14	3	4	4	78	8	26
2020	Métis	25	27	24	18	4	0	53	23	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	40	19	12	4	3	65	16	3487
2019	Indigenous	22	30	14	21	10	2	54	32	81
2019	First Nations	25	23	18	24	5	5	51	30	22
2019	Métis	20	32	14	21	12	2	53	33	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	35	20	15	7	3	56	23	3663

Diversity and inclusion

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	24	1	9	5	0	0	85	14	80
2022	First Nations	78	6	6	7	4	0	0	84	11	20
2022	Métis	56	30	0	13	2	0	0	86	14	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	59	25	6	4	3	1	0	86	8	3760
2020	Indigenous	63	11	9	6	10	1	0	75	16	69
2020	First Nations	60	10	12	7	7	4	0	73	15	26
2020	Métis	65	12	7	5	11	0	0	77	16	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	28	8	7	3	1	0	82	10	3501
2019	Indigenous	56	14	13	6	9	2	1	71	15	82
2019	First Nations	60	12	19	0	9	0	0	72	9	22
2019	Métis	52	15	11	8	10	2	2	70	19	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	28	8	8	6	1	0	79	13	3673
2018	Indigenous	47	27	6	7	12	1	0	75	19	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	31	9	9	6	1	0	76	15	3297

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	59	27	9	4	2	0	0	86	5	80
2022	First Nations	54	24	22	0	0	0	0	78	0	20
2022	Métis	67	25	4	2	3	0	0	92	4	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	65	25	4	3	2	0	0	91	5	3760
2020	Indigenous	59	21	7	9	3	1	0	81	12	69
2020	First Nations	56	18	7	11	4	4	0	77	15	26
2020	Métis	61	23	7	7	2	0	0	84	9	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	60	29	6	4	2	0	0	89	5	3480
2019	Indigenous	51	31	9	6	2	0	1	82	9	82
2019	First Nations	64	22	6	9	0	0	0	86	9	22
2019	Métis	44	35	11	5	3	0	2	80	9	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	30	6	6	3	0	0	84	9	3676
2018	Indigenous	51	31	4	5	9	0	0	81	14	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	33	6	6	3	0	0	85	9	3301

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	32	10	7	1	0	0	82	8	80
2022	First Nations	59	32	6	4	0	0	0	90	4	20
2022	Métis	52	27	10	10	0	0	0	80	10	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	31	8	3	2	1	0	87	5	3765
2020	Indigenous	58	22	9	9	3	0	0	80	11	68
2020	First Nations	56	26	11	7	0	0	0	82	7	26
2020	Métis	59	20	7	9	5	0	0	79	14	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	34	9	3	2	1	0	85	5	3492
2019	Indigenous	56	19	12	8	2	1	1	77	11	82
2019	First Nations	61	19	7	13	0	0	0	80	13	22
2019	Métis	53	20	14	6	3	1	2	75	10	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	35	10	4	3	1	1	82	7	3674
2018	Indigenous	41	41	4	8	6	0	0	82	14	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	37	12	5	3	1	0	81	8	3305

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	36	14	7	4	0	75	11	80
2022	First Nations	34	48	14	4	0	0	82	4	20
2022	Métis	38	36	14	7	5	0	74	12	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	37	11	6	4	3	78	10	3765
2020	Indigenous	50	23	14	9	3	1	74	12	69
2020	First Nations	49	29	3	15	0	4	81	16	26
2020	Métis	50	19	21	5	4	0	70	10	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	38	13	5	2	2	80	8	3501
2019	Indigenous	43	33	12	10	2	0	76	12	81
2019	First Nations	54	24	13	9	0	0	78	9	22
2019	Métis	37	37	12	11	3	0	74	14	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	38	12	6	3	2	79	9	3657
2018	Indigenous	39	32	10	5	10	3	73	16	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	36	11	4	2	1	83	6	3309

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	36	14	3	2	2	0	81	5	80
2022	First Nations	39	34	27	0	0	0	0	73	0	20
2022	Métis	47	39	7	3	3	2	0	87	6	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	37	11	5	2	7	1	81	7	3760
2020	Indigenous	46	27	15	4	3	6	0	77	8	68
2020	First Nations	40	18	20	7	4	11	0	65	12	26
2020	Métis	50	32	12	2	2	2	0	83	5	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	34	12	4	2	4	0	82	5	3506
2019	Indigenous	50	27	18	4	0	0	0	78	4	82
2019	First Nations	54	22	20	5	0	0	0	75	5	22
2019	Métis	47	31	18	4	0	0	0	78	4	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	32	10	3	2	3	0	84	5	3668
2018	Indigenous	43	33	16	2	3	3	0	78	6	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	47	33	12	3	2	3	0	83	5	3296

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	63	22	5	5	5	0	85	10	80
2022	First Nations	81	9	6	4	0	0	90	4	20
2022	Métis	59	27	6	3	6	0	85	9	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	33	7	4	3	0	86	7	3765
2020	Indigenous	61	20	12	3	4	0	81	7	69
2020	First Nations	70	15	8	4	4	0	85	7	26
2020	Métis	55	24	14	2	4	0	79	7	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	57	31	7	3	2	0	88	5	3504
2019	Indigenous	58	23	9	5	3	1	82	9	82
2019	First Nations	70	21	4	5	0	0	91	5	22
2019	Métis	52	24	12	6	5	2	77	11	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	31	8	4	3	0	85	7	3673
2018	Indigenous	46	37	4	7	6	0	83	12	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	34	9	4	2	0	85	7	3308

Anti-racism

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	31	7	2	6	6	3	84	8	80
2022	First Nations	50	38	5	0	7	0	0	88	7	20
2022	Métis	50	29	4	3	3	6	4	88	7	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	27	9	5	4	7	5	79	10	3765

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	32	7	3	4	4	3	86	7	80
2022	First Nations	60	25	15	0	0	0	0	85	0	20
2022	Métis	48	34	4	3	3	3	4	89	7	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	26	10	5	4	7	5	79	10	3765

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	26	21	9	2	8	0	66	12	80
2022	First Nations	29	26	20	14	0	11	0	62	16	20
2022	Métis	43	23	20	6	3	5	0	69	10	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	26	20	5	2	15	1	68	8	3765
2020	Indigenous	43	35	14	6	0	3	0	80	6	69
2020	First Nations	49	33	7	4	0	7	0	88	4	26
2020	Métis	39	36	18	7	0	0	0	75	7	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	34	14	4	2	6	0	79	6	3511

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	38	4	4	3	4	3	88	7	80
2022	First Nations	43	42	11	4	0	0	0	85	4	20
2022	Métis	46	36	0	2	5	6	5	91	9	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	30	9	5	4	7	4	80	10	3760
2020	Indigenous	52	23	13	3	3	7	0	80	6	69
2020	First Nations	46	26	3	4	4	17	0	87	9	26
2020	Métis	56	21	18	2	2	0	0	77	4	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	32	11	5	3	5	2	80	9	3501

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	24	24	3	1	33	4	55	8	80
2022	First Nations	21	9	27	9	0	35	0	45	14	20
2022	Métis	8	27	24	2	0	33	7	58	3	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	16	20	3	3	42	5	51	11	3760

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	2	18	5	33	32	3	14	59	55

Ethical workplace

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	27	10	7	8	6	9	71	18	80
2022	First Nations	32	20	18	9	7	14	0	60	19	20
2022	Métis	38	31	7	4	8	2	9	78	13	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	28	15	6	4	9	8	71	11	3760
2020	Indigenous	38	27	14	3	7	8	3	73	11	69
2020	First Nations	43	25	11	4	7	10	0	76	13	26
2020	Métis	35	29	16	2	7	7	4	72	10	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	29	17	7	4	9	5	68	12	3501
2019	Indigenous	38	15	20	10	8	6	4	58	20	82
2019	First Nations	38	12	23	4	9	9	6	58	15	22
2019	Métis	35	17	19	12	8	5	3	57	22	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	30	15	8	7	5	4	69	15	3682
2018	Indigenous	30	21	20	9	10	5	5	56	22	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	31	17	9	6	7	3	64	17	3302

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	38	9	8	5	4	5	76	14	80
2022	First Nations	47	31	14	4	4	0	0	79	8	20
2022	Métis	28	37	9	7	4	7	8	76	12	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	35	15	10	5	5	1	68	17	3765
2020	Indigenous	37	32	7	9	7	7	1	75	17	68
2020	First Nations	30	41	4	8	4	10	4	82	13	25
2020	Métis	41	26	9	9	9	4	0	71	19	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	37	14	10	3	3	1	72	14	3504
2019	Indigenous	32	30	9	20	5	4	0	64	26	82
2019	First Nations	37	34	0	9	12	8	0	77	23	22
2019	Métis	28	28	14	26	2	3	0	58	28	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	36	14	11	5	3	1	69	16	3676
2018	Indigenous	32	31	7	18	9	4	0	65	28	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	36	15	10	6	3	1	69	16	3314

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	40	17	6	3	3	74	8	80
2022	First Nations	41	37	17	4	0	0	79	4	20
2022	Métis	30	40	20	4	2	5	73	6	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	37	18	6	3	2	72	9	3760
2020	Indigenous	41	33	13	7	4	1	75	12	69
2020	First Nations	33	49	7	8	0	3	85	8	26
2020	Métis	46	23	17	7	7	0	69	14	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	38	16	5	2	2	77	7	3500
2019	Indigenous	31	29	25	8	5	1	61	13	82
2019	First Nations	36	25	26	9	0	5	63	9	22
2019	Métis	29	31	26	8	7	0	59	15	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	35	19	6	3	2	71	10	3675
2018	Indigenous	32	31	20	8	7	1	64	16	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	37	19	6	4	2	70	11	3305

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	27	15	12	9	9	3	60	23	80
2022	First Nations	40	25	22	8	0	5	0	68	8	20
2022	Métis	22	28	11	14	8	14	3	60	27	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	23	19	10	10	15	3	53	24	3760
2020	Indigenous	28	27	14	9	14	8	0	60	25	69
2020	First Nations	32	29	14	3	11	11	0	68	16	26
2020	Métis	25	25	14	12	16	7	0	54	31	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	24	20	11	9	13	2	54	23	3501
2019	Indigenous	24	21	10	22	10	11	2	52	37	82
2019	First Nations	27	9	13	29	4	11	8	43	41	22
2019	Métis	21	25	9	20	13	11	0	53	37	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	21	19	12	12	12	3	49	28	3671
2018	Indigenous	18	25	27	9	9	7	4	49	21	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	23	20	13	13	12	3	46	31	3314

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	42	6	4	3	1	86	7	80
2022	First Nations	70	20	9	0	0	0	91	0	20
2022	Métis	40	44	2	7	6	2	85	13	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	43	4	8	3	0	85	11	3765
2020	Indigenous	42	39	3	12	4	0	81	16	69
2020	First Nations	37	40	3	17	4	0	76	20	26
2020	Métis	45	39	2	9	4	0	84	14	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	45	4	10	2	0	83	12	3511

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	40	4	7	6	0	82	13	80
2022	First Nations	61	28	7	0	4	0	89	4	20
2022	Métis	39	40	2	11	9	0	79	19	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	34	9	10	4	1	76	15	3765
2020	Indigenous	46	25	14	11	4	0	71	16	69
2020	First Nations	42	29	7	15	7	0	71	22	26
2020	Métis	48	23	18	9	2	0	70	12	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	38	10	13	4	1	73	16	3502
2019	Indigenous	47	28	11	12	2	0	75	14	80
2019	First Nations	30	42	12	12	3	0	73	16	22
2019	Métis	54	21	12	12	2	0	74	14	56
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	33	7	9	5	0	80	13	3680

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	37	2	7	1	0	0	90	8	80
2022	First Nations	62	38	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	20
2022	Métis	57	33	3	6	2	0	0	90	7	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	33	9	6	3	0	1	81	9	3760
2020	Indigenous	55	29	4	8	3	0	0	85	11	69
2020	First Nations	57	29	3	11	0	0	0	86	11	26
2020	Métis	54	30	5	7	5	0	0	84	11	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	35	11	7	2	0	1	80	9	3480
2019	Indigenous	53	27	11	7	1	1	0	81	8	81
2019	First Nations	43	38	15	0	5	0	0	80	5	22
2019	Métis	58	21	9	10	0	2	0	80	10	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	33	8	5	2	0	1	86	7	3662

Use of official languages

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	76	18	4	1	0	0	1	95	1	80
2022	First Nations	73	19	4	4	0	0	0	92	4	20
2022	Métis	83	15	0	0	0	0	2	100	0	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	76	18	3	2	1	0	0	94	3	3765
2020	Indigenous	76	20	3	1	0	0	0	96	1	69
2020	First Nations	86	14	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	26
2020	Métis	70	23	4	2	0	0	0	93	2	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	75	18	4	2	1	1	1	93	3	3501

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	85	9	3	0	2	2	96	2	80
2022	First Nations	90	4	6	0	0	0	94	0	20
2022	Métis	85	7	2	0	3	3	95	3	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	84	10	3	1	1	2	95	2	3765
2019	Indigenous	83	6	3	3	5	0	89	8	81
2019	First Nations	87	0	5	0	8	0	87	8	22
2019	Métis	80	9	3	5	3	0	89	8	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	82	11	3	2	1	1	94	3	3673

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	31	4	6	0	5	0	89	6	80
2022	First Nations	43	38	8	5	0	5	0	86	5	20
2022	Métis	60	30	2	4	0	4	0	94	5	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	27	14	5	2	4	1	78	7	3765
2020	Indigenous	57	17	14	6	3	3	1	77	9	68
2020	First Nations	60	21	8	0	3	4	4	88	3	26
2020	Métis	55	14	17	9	2	2	0	70	12	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	25	13	4	2	6	1	80	6	3516
2019	Indigenous	56	10	17	1	9	6	0	71	11	82
2019	First Nations	63	12	14	0	4	8	0	81	5	22
2019	Métis	54	10	17	2	11	6	0	68	14	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	25	13	5	2	6	1	78	8	3683

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	86	80
2022	Métis	13	87	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	3765
2020	Indigenous	16	84	69
2020	First Nations	18	82	26
2020	Métis	14	86	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	3513
2019	Indigenous	22	78	82
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	3679
2018	Indigenous	16	84	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	3319

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	75	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	61	305
2020	Indigenous	53	47	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	58	305
2019	Indigenous	48	52	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	51	490
2018	Indigenous	54	46	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	49	403

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	44	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	59	41	305
2019	Indigenous	75	25	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	39	490

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	305
2020	Indigenous	0	100	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	305
2019	Indigenous	0	100	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	490

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	100	305
2020	Indigenous	100	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	100	305
2019	Indigenous	100	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	100	490

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	75	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	305

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	89	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	305

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	305
2020	Indigenous	0	100	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	97	305
2019	Indigenous	0	100	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	490

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	61	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	68	305
2020	Indigenous	45	55	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	57	305
2019	Indigenous	52	48	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	65	479

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	44	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	57	305
2019	Indigenous	47	53	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	59	479

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	66	34	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	57	305
2020	Indigenous	46	54	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	55	305
2019	Indigenous	57	43	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	53	479
2018	Indigenous	55	45	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	56	403

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	51	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	55	305
2020	Indigenous	45	55	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	57	305
2019	Indigenous	41	59	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	61	479
2018	Indigenous	54	46	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	64	403

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	60	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	67	305
2020	Indigenous	45	55	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	71	305
2018	Indigenous	45	55	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	72	403

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	51	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	48	305
2020	Indigenous	45	55	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	42	305
2019	Indigenous	67	33	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	50	479

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	58	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	70	305
2019	Indigenous	45	55	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	69	479

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	305

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	305

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	88	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	305

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	77	23	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	49	305
2020	Indigenous	56	44	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	48	305
2019	Indigenous	53	47	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	53	479

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	59	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	305
2019	Indigenous	25	75	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	76	479

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	89	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	305
2019	Indigenous	0	100	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	84	479

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	64	36	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	47	305
2020	Indigenous	54	46	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	46	305
2019	Indigenous	43	57	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	43	470
2018	Indigenous	48	52	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	52	48	404

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	66	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	305
2020	Indigenous	44	56	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	77	305
2019	Indigenous	24	76	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	70	470

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	305

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	71	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	305

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	88	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	305

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	88	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	305
2020	Indigenous	0	100	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	97	305
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	404

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	305

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	83	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	305

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	71	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	74	305
2019	Indigenous	37	63	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	75	470

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	290
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	389

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	81	290

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	290

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	290

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	290
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	90	389

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	290
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	389

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	290
2020	Indigenous	0	100	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	297
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	389

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	290

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	290

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	69	290
2018	Indigenous	46	54	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	69	389

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	290

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	51	290
2020	Indigenous	45	55	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	55	297
2018	Indigenous	44	56	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	52	389

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	290

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	46	290

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	290

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	290

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	24	9	6	8	28	8	65	21	80
2022	Métis	23	21	8	4	7	28	10	71	17	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	11	11	4	3	44	12	58	17	3755
2020	Indigenous	24	16	17	8	3	25	7	58	16	69
2020	First Nations	21	14	22	11	4	21	7	50	20	26
2020	Métis	26	17	14	7	2	28	7	64	14	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	15	16	5	3	35	8	59	13	3507
2019	Indigenous	22	17	18	9	6	21	7	54	21	82
2019	First Nations	18	12	15	17	0	23	15	49	27	22
2019	Métis	22	19	20	7	8	21	4	54	20	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	15	18	6	6	29	9	51	20	3677
2018	Indigenous	18	16	16	4	9	32	5	54	21	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	16	20	5	5	30	7	50	17	3316

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	32	14	9	2	10	2	71	13	75
2022	Métis	38	28	10	5	4	13	3	79	10	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	31	14	4	3	17	2	75	9	3760
2020	Indigenous	52	19	16	4	1	6	1	77	6	68
2020	First Nations	56	22	11	7	0	4	0	81	8	26
2020	Métis	50	17	19	2	2	7	2	73	5	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	30	16	4	3	11	1	75	7	3505
2019	Indigenous	41	24	14	8	7	6	0	69	16	82
2019	First Nations	49	14	15	13	0	9	0	70	14	22
2019	Métis	37	27	15	7	10	5	0	67	18	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	31	15	6	5	10	1	72	12	3677
2018	Indigenous	33	31	15	3	9	9	1	71	13	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	30	18	6	4	11	1	69	11	3317

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	85	80
2022	Métis	14	86	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	3765
2020	Indigenous	13	87	69
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	3510
2019	Indigenous	11	89	82
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	3680
2018	Indigenous	12	88	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	3317

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	84	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	72	210

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	91	9	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	75	25	210

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	210

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	210

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	210

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	93	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	210

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	210

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	71	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	72	210

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	82	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	210

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	210

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	210

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	76	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	74	210
2018	Indigenous	50	50	10
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	65	228

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	67	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	210

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	210
2018	Indigenous	0	100	10
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	228

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	210

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	90	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	210

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	81	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	81	210

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	210

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	50	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	210

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	100	210
2018	Indigenous	100	10
2018	Non-Indigenous	100	228

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	210
2018	Indigenous	0	100	10
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	82	228

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	73	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	69	215

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	66	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	215
2018	Indigenous	0	100	10
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	228

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	215

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	64	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	215

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	89	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	215

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	89	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	215
2018	Indigenous	0	100	10
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	228

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	215

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	93	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	215

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	64	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	50	215
2018	Indigenous	53	47	10
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	46	228

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	86	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	200
2018	Indigenous	0	100	10
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	218

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	86	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	200

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	200
2018	Indigenous	0	100	10
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	218

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	200
2018	Indigenous	0	100	10
2018	Non-Indigenous	2	98	218

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	200
2018	Indigenous	0	100	10
2018	Non-Indigenous	2	98	218

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	200
2018	Indigenous	0	100	10
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	218

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	200
2018	Indigenous	0	100	10
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	218

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	70	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	200

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	200

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	77	200
2018	Indigenous	48	52	10
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	73	218

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	91	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	200

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	59	41	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	57	200
2018	Indigenous	45	55	10
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	56	218

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	200

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	44	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	63	37	200

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	200

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	88	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	200

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	16	17	7	2	34	9	54	17	80
2022	Métis	15	20	16	7	2	32	9	59	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	13	14	2	2	44	9	61	10	3760
2020	Indigenous	26	14	19	5	3	25	7	60	12	69
2020	First Nations	21	11	29	7	4	21	8	44	15	26
2020	Métis	30	16	12	5	2	28	7	71	10	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	15	17	2	2	38	7	62	8	3507
2019	Indigenous	24	15	17	4	5	27	9	61	13	82
2019	First Nations	17	8	19	5	4	28	19	48	17	22
2019	Métis	25	17	17	4	5	27	6	63	12	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	15	19	3	3	34	9	58	10	3670
2018	Indigenous	26	11	18	3	5	33	5	60	12	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	15	20	3	3	34	7	56	10	3306

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	27	17	4	2	10	2	73	7	80
2022	First Nations	41	20	12	8	0	19	0	75	10	20
2022	Métis	38	27	19	2	2	10	3	74	4	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	31	13	3	2	16	2	76	7	3765
2020	Indigenous	50	23	18	3	1	3	1	76	4	69
2020	First Nations	53	25	14	7	0	0	0	78	7	26
2020	Métis	48	21	21	0	2	5	2	75	2	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	31	15	3	2	12	1	77	5	3503
2019	Indigenous	43	29	14	5	2	6	1	77	8	81
2019	First Nations	54	17	11	5	4	9	0	78	10	22
2019	Métis	38	33	15	5	2	5	2	76	7	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	30	15	3	2	12	2	76	6	3679
2018	Indigenous	39	24	14	4	6	12	1	72	12	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	30	18	3	3	12	1	72	7	3307

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	81	75
2022	First Nations	14	86	20
2022	Métis	21	79	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	3765
2020	Indigenous	15	85	68
2020	First Nations	11	89	25
2020	Métis	18	82	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	3503
2019	Indigenous	23	77	80
2019	First Nations	17	83	22
2019	Métis	27	73	56
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	3677

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	80	20	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	58	42	480
2020	Indigenous	63	37	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	55	351

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	81	19	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	64	36	480
2020	Indigenous	82	18	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	76	24	352
2019	Indigenous	83	17	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	80	20	494

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	48	8	18	0	0	0	74	18	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	36	8	10	3	1	1	78	14	310
2019	Indigenous	58	12	6	0	13	5	6	79	14	16
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	29	4	8	3	0	1	84	12	388

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	33	4	5	1	2	2	90	6	80
2022	First Nations	63	19	10	8	0	0	0	82	8	20
2022	Métis	53	33	3	3	2	4	3	92	5	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	32	7	5	3	3	2	85	8	3765
2020	Indigenous	57	25	10	7	2	0	0	82	8	69
2020	First Nations	53	25	14	3	4	0	0	78	7	26
2020	Métis	59	25	7	9	0	0	0	84	9	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	32	9	5	2	3	3	84	7	3507

Future of work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?
Survey year	Demographic	20% (1 out of 5 days) (%)	40% (2 out of 5 days) (%)	60% (3 out of 5 days) (%)	80% (4 out of 5 days) (%)	Other Please specify (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	75	9	4	2	55
2022	First Nations	0	93	7	0	0	10
2022	Métis	16	62	12	7	3	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	77	5	2	3	2815

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	88	12	60
2022	First Nations	88	12	15
2022	Métis	87	13	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	92	8	2945

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	63	60
2022	First Nations	25	75	15
2022	Métis	39	61	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	66	2945

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	45	60
2022	First Nations	38	62	15
2022	Métis	60	40	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	46	2945

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	58	60
2022	First Nations	29	71	15
2022	Métis	42	58	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	56	2945

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	77	60
2022	First Nations	25	75	15
2022	Métis	19	81	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	2945

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	59	60
2022	First Nations	53	47	15
2022	Métis	41	59	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	64	2945

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	80	60
2022	First Nations	29	71	15
2022	Métis	19	81	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	2945

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	77	60
2022	First Nations	26	74	15
2022	Métis	25	75	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	2945

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	84	60
2022	First Nations	36	64	15
2022	Métis	7	93	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	2945

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	78	60
2022	First Nations	51	49	15
2022	Métis	10	90	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	2945

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	59	60
2022	First Nations	76	24	15
2022	Métis	35	65	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	79	2945

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	4	96	60
2022	First Nations	0	100	15
2022	Métis	6	94	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	2945

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	88	60
2022	First Nations	12	88	15
2022	Métis	13	87	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	2945

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	63	16	7	3	1	9	87	5	60
2022	First Nations	44	32	8	0	0	16	90	0	15
2022	Métis	74	9	6	2	2	6	88	5	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	72	15	5	2	3	4	90	5	2945

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	7	17	17	34	4	11	60	20	60
2022	First Nations	6	12	28	9	29	11	5	45	21	15
2022	Métis	9	4	18	16	39	0	15	64	15	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	15	15	15	40	3	5	59	24	2945

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	4	22	23	23	20	7	0	47	28	60
2022	First Nations	9	17	25	13	20	15	0	39	31	15
2022	Métis	3	22	26	24	20	6	0	46	26	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	18	15	16	36	4	1	55	29	2945

Top of page

Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	66	18	4	5	4	2	0	86	10	80
2022	First Nations	72	10	5	8	4	0	0	82	12	20
2022	Métis	63	22	5	3	4	4	0	88	7	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	27	6	5	4	1	1	85	9	3770
2020	Indigenous	63	22	6	6	4	0	0	85	10	69
2020	First Nations	70	15	3	8	4	0	0	85	11	26
2020	Métis	58	26	7	4	5	0	0	84	9	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	29	9	6	4	1	0	81	10	3500

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	4	5	9	7	53	3	20	77	12	80
2022	First Nations	7	0	22	5	38	7	21	60	9	20
2022	Métis	2	5	4	9	65	2	14	88	7	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	4	11	7	42	7	27	73	10	3755

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	49	16	5	2	2	76	8	80
2022	First Nations	15	59	22	4	0	0	74	4	20
2022	Métis	32	38	16	7	4	3	72	11	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	41	13	6	4	3	77	10	3765
2020	Indigenous	60	26	7	7	0	0	86	7	69
2020	First Nations	57	32	3	7	0	0	89	7	26
2020	Métis	62	22	9	7	0	0	84	7	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	37	9	3	1	1	87	4	3509
2019	Indigenous	37	33	16	10	3	1	70	14	82
2019	First Nations	46	26	14	5	4	5	76	9	22
2019	Métis	32	35	17	13	3	0	67	16	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	38	12	5	2	2	81	7	3674
2018	Indigenous	34	39	16	6	2	2	75	9	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	38	12	4	3	2	80	7	3313

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	28	37	15	4	80
2022	First Nations	17	17	29	34	4	20
2022	Métis	17	32	35	12	5	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	28	36	20	6	3765

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	25	7	9	2	0	0	82	11	80
2022	First Nations	57	30	4	4	4	0	0	88	8	20
2022	Métis	58	23	5	11	2	0	0	82	13	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	27	9	3	2	3	1	86	5	3765
2020	Indigenous	63	20	6	7	4	0	0	83	11	68
2020	First Nations	67	15	4	11	4	0	0	82	15	26
2020	Métis	61	23	7	5	5	0	0	84	9	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	27	11	4	2	3	1	82	6	3490

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	17	11	6	6	2	0	76	13	80
2022	First Nations	57	9	25	4	4	0	0	67	8	20
2022	Métis	55	23	7	4	7	4	0	81	12	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	25	8	9	6	2	1	75	16	3765
2020	Indigenous	52	26	3	10	6	4	0	81	16	68
2020	First Nations	52	19	4	12	4	10	0	79	17	25
2020	Métis	52	30	2	9	7	0	0	82	16	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	28	11	11	7	1	1	70	18	3503

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	36	11	5	9	3	0	74	14	80
2022	First Nations	59	14	5	8	8	6	0	77	17	20
2022	Métis	28	42	14	5	8	3	0	73	13	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	40	12	9	5	2	0	73	14	3765
2020	Indigenous	49	23	13	6	10	0	0	72	15	69
2020	First Nations	53	25	7	3	11	0	0	79	15	26
2020	Métis	47	21	16	7	9	0	0	68	16	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	33	14	8	4	1	0	73	13	3509
2019	Indigenous	29	29	16	15	10	1	0	59	25	82
2019	First Nations	29	25	30	8	8	0	0	54	16	22
2019	Métis	26	32	11	18	12	2	0	59	30	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	35	15	10	7	1	0	68	17	3678
2018	Indigenous	30	30	14	8	15	1	1	62	24	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	36	16	10	7	2	0	66	17	3322

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	64	0	7	0	0	0	93	7	15
2022	Métis	33	60	0	7	0	0	0	93	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	51	11	13	3	1	0	73	16	960
2020	Indigenous	39	44	17	0	0	0	0	83	0	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	49	12	9	2	1	1	77	11	917
2019	Indigenous	37	31	24	0	0	9	0	74	0	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	46	12	10	3	2	2	74	14	913

Work-related stress

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	26	20	6	11	0	1	62	17	75
2022	First Nations	38	27	29	0	5	0	0	65	5	20
2022	Métis	35	26	16	6	15	0	2	63	21	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	27	16	8	11	0	3	64	20	3745
2020	Indigenous	30	36	11	9	12	0	2	67	21	69
2020	First Nations	27	48	11	0	14	0	0	76	14	26
2020	Métis	32	28	11	14	12	0	3	62	27	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	29	16	8	5	1	1	71	13	3502
2019	Indigenous	17	29	17	16	19	0	3	47	35	81
2019	First Nations	21	46	17	9	7	0	0	66	17	22
2019	Métis	16	22	18	16	24	0	4	40	42	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	28	20	12	11	0	1	57	23	3680
2018	Indigenous	25	20	27	11	16	0	1	46	27	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	26	21	13	12	0	2	52	26	3306

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	30	37	9	10	0	0	44	19	75
2022	First Nations	21	25	42	12	0	0	0	46	12	15
2022	Métis	12	30	34	10	14	0	0	43	24	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	29	26	13	12	0	1	48	26	3755
2020	Indigenous	20	28	18	18	14	0	2	49	33	69
2020	First Nations	25	32	15	17	11	0	0	57	28	26
2020	Métis	16	26	20	19	16	0	3	43	36	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	27	26	15	11	1	0	47	26	3510
2019	Indigenous	24	28	27	13	8	0	0	52	20	82
2019	First Nations	20	39	27	9	6	0	0	58	14	22
2019	Métis	25	25	27	15	9	0	0	50	24	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	29	26	14	8	0	1	51	23	3676
2018	Indigenous	19	22	29	15	13	0	2	41	29	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	27	29	16	11	0	1	44	27	3319

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	34	22	5	8	0	0	64	14	80
2022	First Nations	40	40	15	0	4	0	0	80	4	20
2022	Métis	33	27	27	7	6	0	0	60	13	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	30	20	11	9	0	2	59	20	3750
2020	Indigenous	32	30	15	9	11	0	2	64	20	69
2020	First Nations	39	25	18	4	15	0	0	64	18	26
2020	Métis	28	34	14	12	9	0	3	64	22	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	29	21	13	8	0	1	58	21	3501
2019	Indigenous	37	30	14	11	7	1	0	67	18	82
2019	First Nations	37	37	12	9	6	0	0	74	14	22
2019	Métis	34	28	16	12	8	2	0	63	20	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	31	23	10	6	0	1	60	17	3651
2018	Indigenous	24	24	24	14	9	1	3	51	24	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	30	25	13	8	0	1	53	22	3311

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	39	15	14	13	0	0	57	27	80
2022	First Nations	5	63	11	8	12	0	0	69	20	20
2022	Métis	23	31	14	17	15	0	0	54	32	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	25	22	13	13	1	2	51	27	3755
2020	Indigenous	20	32	13	18	14	0	3	53	34	69
2020	First Nations	26	34	18	7	11	0	4	62	19	26
2020	Métis	16	30	9	26	16	0	3	48	43	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	25	21	14	11	1	1	53	25	3496
2019	Indigenous	29	26	21	15	8	0	0	55	23	81
2019	First Nations	28	38	12	14	8	0	0	66	22	22
2019	Métis	30	19	26	16	9	0	0	49	25	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	26	22	14	11	1	1	52	26	3661
2018	Indigenous	23	19	18	24	13	1	3	44	38	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	25	23	16	12	1	2	47	29	3311

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	16	17	5	4	0	8	71	10	80
2022	First Nations	59	8	25	0	0	0	8	73	0	20
2022	Métis	50	16	14	9	5	0	7	70	14	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	23	11	6	6	0	6	75	12	3760
2020	Indigenous	51	23	10	4	8	0	3	76	13	68
2020	First Nations	57	28	4	0	7	0	4	89	7	26
2020	Métis	48	19	14	7	9	0	3	68	17	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	24	15	8	6	0	4	71	14	3501
2019	Indigenous	69	14	10	1	1	1	4	87	2	82
2019	First Nations	68	16	7	0	0	0	9	92	0	22
2019	Métis	70	13	10	2	2	2	2	87	3	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	23	12	5	3	0	5	78	9	3664
2018	Indigenous	50	23	9	3	6	0	9	80	10	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	23	15	6	4	1	6	73	11	3296

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	23	28	9	8	0	55	18	80
2022	First Nations	28	29	43	0	0	0	57	0	20
2022	Métis	33	21	20	16	10	0	54	26	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	27	19	10	10	1	60	21	3755
2020	Indigenous	28	27	18	10	14	3	57	25	69
2020	First Nations	28	26	28	3	11	4	56	15	26
2020	Métis	28	28	12	14	16	3	57	31	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	28	21	12	10	0	56	22	3503
2019	Indigenous	40	31	13	7	9	0	71	16	82
2019	First Nations	45	26	7	9	12	0	72	21	22
2019	Métis	36	34	16	7	8	0	69	15	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	29	19	9	7	1	65	16	3673
2018	Indigenous	35	27	11	12	13	2	63	25	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	27	22	10	8	1	59	19	3313

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	34	22	2	4	0	2	72	6	75
2022	First Nations	34	52	10	4	0	0	0	86	4	20
2022	Métis	41	23	27	2	4	0	3	66	6	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	32	17	8	7	1	2	67	15	3755
2020	Indigenous	37	29	13	14	4	0	3	68	19	69
2020	First Nations	50	18	15	18	0	0	0	68	18	26
2020	Métis	30	36	11	12	7	0	5	69	19	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	33	18	7	3	1	1	71	11	3501
2019	Indigenous	37	26	20	10	6	0	1	64	15	82
2019	First Nations	54	21	12	8	4	0	0	75	12	22
2019	Métis	30	27	24	10	7	0	2	58	17	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	34	21	9	4	1	1	65	13	3671
2018	Indigenous	33	20	25	14	5	0	3	55	19	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	34	22	11	5	1	1	61	16	3300

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	36	16	10	5	0	4	68	15	75
2022	First Nations	40	27	10	15	0	0	8	73	17	20
2022	Métis	28	38	13	8	9	0	3	69	18	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	31	21	10	8	1	2	61	18	3760
2020	Indigenous	23	28	20	14	10	0	5	54	25	69
2020	First Nations	30	33	15	15	3	0	4	66	19	26
2020	Métis	19	25	23	14	14	0	5	46	30	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	33	21	9	5	1	1	63	15	3495
2019	Indigenous	26	38	16	13	7	0	0	64	20	82
2019	First Nations	42	38	20	0	0	0	0	80	0	22
2019	Métis	19	38	15	19	10	0	0	57	29	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	31	23	11	5	0	1	60	17	3677
2018	Indigenous	25	25	22	16	9	1	2	52	26	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	32	24	12	7	1	1	56	20	3299

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	38	17	4	6	0	0	72	10	80
2022	First Nations	34	38	21	8	0	0	0	71	8	20
2022	Métis	32	36	17	4	10	0	0	69	14	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	30	17	8	7	0	2	67	16	3760
2020	Indigenous	40	19	21	6	11	0	3	61	17	69
2020	First Nations	50	14	21	7	3	0	4	67	11	26
2020	Métis	33	23	21	5	16	0	3	58	21	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	32	17	9	5	0	1	69	14	3500
2019	Indigenous	35	27	18	13	5	1	2	63	19	82
2019	First Nations	30	34	28	0	4	3	0	66	4	22
2019	Métis	34	25	14	19	5	0	2	61	25	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	31	20	10	6	1	1	64	16	3665
2018	Indigenous	25	32	15	14	11	1	2	59	26	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	31	21	11	7	0	1	61	18	3298

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	30	6	5	9	0	0	80	14	80
2022	First Nations	63	24	6	4	4	0	0	86	8	20
2022	Métis	49	32	4	7	9	0	0	81	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	25	12	6	5	1	2	77	11	3760
2020	Indigenous	51	18	14	6	7	1	3	72	13	69
2020	First Nations	50	18	22	4	4	0	4	70	8	26
2020	Métis	52	18	9	7	9	2	3	74	17	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	25	12	6	5	1	1	76	12	3498
2019	Indigenous	50	24	12	6	5	1	2	76	11	81
2019	First Nations	71	16	0	5	4	4	0	90	10	21
2019	Métis	40	29	17	7	5	0	2	70	12	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	26	14	7	6	1	1	73	13	3673

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	16	14	4	7	0	74	12	80
2022	First Nations	65	15	16	0	4	0	80	4	20
2022	Métis	57	14	15	8	6	0	71	14	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	26	11	5	4	2	79	9	3760
2020	Indigenous	30	30	21	8	9	3	61	17	69
2020	First Nations	35	29	18	7	7	4	66	15	26
2020	Métis	26	30	23	9	9	3	58	19	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	32	23	11	6	0	60	17	3505

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	40	21	8	7	0	0	64	15	80
2022	First Nations	32	24	29	4	11	0	0	55	15	20
2022	Métis	24	46	15	10	6	0	0	70	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	31	18	9	5	0	1	68	14	3760
2020	Indigenous	22	40	10	18	9	0	2	63	27	69
2020	First Nations	28	44	4	21	4	0	0	72	25	26
2020	Métis	19	37	13	17	12	0	3	57	29	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	33	21	10	5	0	1	63	15	3504
2019	Indigenous	35	26	25	12	0	0	2	62	12	82
2019	First Nations	42	32	15	11	0	0	0	74	11	22
2019	Métis	31	25	28	13	0	0	2	58	13	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	30	19	8	4	0	1	68	13	3661
2018	Indigenous	29	23	25	7	16	1	0	52	23	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	32	22	10	5	1	1	63	15	3280

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	25	12	11	7	0	3	69	18	80
2022	First Nations	29	20	17	11	9	0	13	57	24	20
2022	Métis	46	22	10	14	8	0	0	68	22	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	21	13	7	7	1	4	71	15	3755
2020	Indigenous	44	40	11	1	1	0	2	86	3	68
2020	First Nations	39	51	11	0	0	0	0	89	0	26
2020	Métis	47	34	11	2	2	0	3	83	5	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	30	15	5	3	0	1	77	8	3487
2019	Indigenous	57	20	11	5	5	0	3	79	10	82
2019	First Nations	47	33	12	3	5	0	0	80	8	22
2019	Métis	60	16	10	5	5	0	4	79	11	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	23	11	5	3	0	2	81	8	3655
2018	Indigenous	54	25	12	3	3	1	2	81	7	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	55	22	12	5	4	0	3	79	9	3289

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	31	19	2	1	2	78	3	80
2022	First Nations	54	21	25	0	0	0	75	0	20
2022	Métis	46	29	17	3	2	3	77	5	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	31	14	6	4	1	76	10	3750
2020	Indigenous	32	35	18	7	7	2	68	14	69
2020	First Nations	33	36	20	3	7	0	69	11	26
2020	Métis	31	35	16	9	7	3	68	16	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	34	22	9	5	0	64	14	3492

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	18	11	4	0	1	8	83	5	80
2022	First Nations	49	17	14	5	0	5	10	77	6	20
2022	Métis	60	19	11	3	0	0	8	86	3	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	69	12	5	2	3	1	9	89	5	3755
2020	Indigenous	63	19	7	3	5	0	4	85	8	67
2020	First Nations	74	7	7	0	8	0	4	84	8	26
2020	Métis	56	26	7	5	2	0	3	85	7	41
2020	Non-Indigenous	69	16	7	2	1	1	4	90	4	3490
2019	Indigenous	77	12	2	2	5	0	3	91	7	82
2019	First Nations	73	12	3	3	5	0	4	88	8	22
2019	Métis	78	12	2	2	5	0	2	92	7	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	75	11	4	1	1	1	7	93	3	3667
2018	Indigenous	65	17	6	4	3	1	3	86	7	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	71	13	6	2	2	1	5	90	4	3291

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	77	5	7	5	3	2	2	85	8	80
2022	First Nations	69	0	10	4	7	5	6	77	12	20
2022	Métis	82	8	5	2	2	2	0	92	4	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	76	9	4	2	3	1	6	91	5	3760
2020	Indigenous	75	10	6	1	4	0	3	88	6	69
2020	First Nations	74	11	4	4	4	0	4	88	8	26
2020	Métis	76	9	7	0	4	0	3	88	5	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	80	9	4	2	2	1	3	92	4	3499
2019	Indigenous	73	5	8	7	6	0	2	78	13	82
2019	First Nations	83	0	8	5	4	0	0	83	9	22
2019	Métis	67	7	8	8	7	0	2	76	16	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	72	12	5	3	4	1	3	87	7	3662
2018	Indigenous	67	15	7	4	5	1	2	84	9	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	70	12	6	3	4	1	4	86	7	3295

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	69	18	10	0	0	0	2	89	0	80
2022	First Nations	67	12	15	0	0	0	6	84	0	20
2022	Métis	75	18	7	0	0	0	0	93	0	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	69	17	5	2	2	0	4	91	4	3760
2020	Indigenous	76	14	3	3	3	0	2	91	6	69
2020	First Nations	81	11	0	8	0	0	0	92	8	26
2020	Métis	72	16	4	0	4	0	3	91	5	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	71	20	5	2	1	0	2	92	3	3488
2019	Indigenous	59	21	10	6	3	0	2	82	9	81
2019	First Nations	58	28	14	0	0	0	0	86	0	22
2019	Métis	58	19	8	8	4	0	2	79	13	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	58	25	9	3	2	0	2	85	6	3656
2018	Indigenous	45	26	15	4	5	1	3	74	10	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	25	10	4	2	0	2	83	6	3302

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	64	21	7	4	3	0	1	86	6	80
2022	First Nations	63	16	10	4	7	0	0	80	11	20
2022	Métis	68	22	9	0	2	0	0	90	2	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	68	14	6	3	4	0	4	86	7	3755
2020	Indigenous	68	11	4	7	7	0	2	81	15	69
2020	First Nations	74	8	3	11	4	0	0	82	15	26
2020	Métis	65	14	5	5	9	0	3	81	14	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	69	16	6	4	3	0	1	87	6	3493
2019	Indigenous	61	11	11	7	7	1	2	74	15	81
2019	First Nations	73	14	5	5	4	0	0	87	9	22
2019	Métis	55	10	14	9	8	2	2	68	18	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	62	18	9	5	5	0	1	82	9	3654
2018	Indigenous	59	19	7	4	8	0	3	80	13	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	20	10	6	5	0	2	78	12	3286

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	69	3	4	1	0	23	94	2	75
2022	First Nations	53	4	10	0	0	33	85	0	20
2022	Métis	75	2	2	2	0	19	95	3	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	65	9	4	1	1	19	92	3	3755
2020	Indigenous	56	11	4	3	0	26	91	4	69
2020	First Nations	68	7	3	0	0	22	96	0	26
2020	Métis	49	14	5	4	0	28	88	6	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	62	12	4	1	1	20	93	2	3490
2019	Indigenous	57	6	5	1	0	31	91	2	82
2019	First Nations	62	12	0	0	0	25	100	0	22
2019	Métis	54	3	7	2	0	34	87	3	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	59	12	5	2	1	21	90	3	3637
2018	Indigenous	59	6	4	0	1	29	92	2	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	52	14	5	2	1	26	89	4	3272

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	71	14	7	0	0	0	7	92	0	80
2022	First Nations	59	14	21	0	0	0	6	78	0	20
2022	Métis	80	13	4	0	0	0	4	96	0	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	14	5	1	1	1	6	93	2	3745
2020	Indigenous	68	19	7	1	1	0	3	90	3	68
2020	First Nations	66	30	0	0	0	0	4	100	0	26
2020	Métis	69	12	11	2	2	0	3	83	5	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	71	18	5	1	1	1	3	92	2	3506
2019	Indigenous	73	15	5	4	2	0	1	89	6	82
2019	First Nations	77	14	3	6	0	0	0	91	6	22
2019	Métis	72	15	5	3	3	0	2	88	7	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	71	16	6	1	1	0	4	91	3	3651
2018	Indigenous	59	17	9	2	4	1	8	84	6	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	65	19	8	2	1	0	6	89	3	3287

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	63	20	6	6	1	0	4	87	7	80
2022	First Nations	57	24	10	10	0	0	0	80	10	20
2022	Métis	67	22	0	4	2	0	5	94	6	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	72	13	5	2	3	1	5	90	5	3765
2020	Indigenous	71	21	1	1	4	0	2	93	6	69
2020	First Nations	76	24	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	26
2020	Métis	68	18	2	2	7	0	3	88	9	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	74	13	6	2	2	1	2	89	5	3507
2019	Indigenous	70	10	7	4	4	1	4	84	8	82
2019	First Nations	77	0	8	8	5	3	0	79	13	22
2019	Métis	68	15	8	2	2	0	6	88	4	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	76	12	5	2	3	1	3	90	5	3660
2018	Indigenous	62	18	8	6	1	0	5	84	7	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	72	14	5	2	2	0	4	90	5	3305

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	39	16	4	2	0	1	77	7	80
2022	First Nations	34	44	13	8	0	0	0	79	8	20
2022	Métis	40	36	16	4	4	0	0	76	8	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	25	13	5	3	0	3	78	8	3755
2020	Indigenous	36	38	14	5	3	2	2	76	9	68
2020	First Nations	30	40	15	7	4	5	0	73	12	25
2020	Métis	40	37	14	4	2	0	3	78	7	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	29	16	6	3	0	1	75	9	3506
2019	Indigenous	54	23	13	5	5	0	0	77	10	82
2019	First Nations	51	34	3	4	8	0	0	85	12	22
2019	Métis	54	20	18	5	4	0	0	73	9	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	26	12	4	2	0	2	82	6	3659
2018	Indigenous	45	25	13	7	6	0	4	73	13	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	26	15	4	2	0	3	77	7	3301

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	39	34	9	7	49	17	80
2022	First Nations	0	41	51	4	4	41	8	20
2022	Métis	17	37	31	6	9	53	15	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	33	38	13	5	44	18	3765
2020	Indigenous	23	30	25	11	11	52	22	69
2020	First Nations	29	32	25	3	11	61	15	26
2020	Métis	19	28	26	16	12	47	27	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	34	34	13	4	49	17	3512
2019	Indigenous	20	30	27	19	5	50	23	82
2019	First Nations	16	38	38	4	5	53	9	22
2019	Métis	20	28	22	25	5	48	30	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	35	33	10	4	53	14	3683
2018	Indigenous	14	28	34	15	8	43	23	75
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	33	34	13	4	48	18	3322

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	26	31	18	14	32	37	75
2022	First Nations	8	37	40	14	0	14	46	20
2022	Métis	12	24	31	17	16	34	35	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	18	39	23	11	34	27	3760
2020	Indigenous	14	14	36	26	10	36	28	68
2020	First Nations	11	14	29	32	14	46	25	26
2020	Métis	16	14	41	22	7	29	31	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	19	37	24	10	34	29	3507
2019	Indigenous	14	13	38	22	13	35	27	82
2019	First Nations	12	12	35	37	4	41	24	22
2019	Métis	15	14	39	17	14	31	30	58
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	15	38	26	12	39	23	3648
2018	Indigenous	19	20	23	25	13	38	39	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	19	37	25	12	36	27	3284

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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	58	17	1	80
2022	First Nations	29	55	16	0	20
2022	Métis	27	55	16	2	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	62	16	1	3765
2020	Indigenous	33	55	10	1	69
2020	First Nations	46	43	11	0	26
2020	Métis	25	63	10	2	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	55	18	1	3517

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	47	20
2022	Métis	44	56	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	57	800
2020	Indigenous	30	70	22
2020	First Nations	24	76	11
2020	Métis	36	64	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	54	900

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	18	9	5	8	1	20	72	16	80
2022	First Nations	48	13	11	0	12	4	11	72	14	20
2022	Métis	41	21	6	6	5	0	21	79	14	45
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	15	10	5	6	3	19	73	14	3765
2020	Indigenous	46	14	14	2	8	1	15	71	12	69
2020	First Nations	46	21	11	4	7	0	11	76	12	26
2020	Métis	45	9	17	0	10	2	17	68	12	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	16	12	7	5	2	11	71	14	3506
2019	Indigenous	31	20	12	17	15	0	7	54	34	80
2019	First Nations	39	29	10	8	13	0	0	68	22	21
2019	Métis	27	17	13	18	16	0	10	49	37	57
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	18	14	10	10	1	7	64	21	3599
2018	Indigenous	45	18	7	9	11	0	10	70	22	74
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	17	14	9	10	1	9	63	21	3318

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	30	13	9	27	0	4	48	38	20
2022	Métis	18	39	14	6	22	0	0	57	29	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	21	16	19	27	2	6	33	50	800
2020	Indigenous	20	8	18	12	41	0	0	29	53	22
2020	First Nations	15	8	18	15	44	0	0	23	60	11
2020	Métis	27	9	19	9	36	0	0	36	45	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	25	14	19	20	1	6	43	42	899

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	29	12	13	35	0	0	40	48	20
2022	Métis	10	25	7	21	38	0	0	35	58	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	19	12	20	38	2	3	26	61	800
2020	Indigenous	8	12	20	13	46	0	0	21	59	22
2020	First Nations	0	8	29	8	55	0	0	8	63	11
2020	Métis	18	18	10	19	35	0	0	36	54	11
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	19	13	22	31	1	4	30	56	899

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources