2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Employee engagement
- Employee engagement
Leadership
- Immediate supervisor
- Senior management
Workforce
Workplace
Workplace well-being
Compensation
- Pay or other compensation issues
- Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Top of page

Employee engagement

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	43	7	6	1	86	7	100
2022	First Nations	48	42	3	5	2	90	6	40
2022	Métis	35	49	9	6	1	84	7	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	40	11	6	4	79	10	2735
2020	Indigenous	40	37	10	11	2	77	13	132
2020	Métis	36	41	12	8	3	77	11	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	41	10	6	2	81	9	3104
2019	Indigenous	41	35	12	6	6	76	12	164
2019	Métis	38	34	16	7	5	72	12	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	40	10	6	4	80	10	3642
2018	Indigenous	36	42	9	7	6	78	13	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	43	12	7	4	78	11	2723

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	32	19	6	5	0	0	70	11	100
2022	First Nations	44	28	14	9	5	0	0	73	13	40
2022	Métis	31	37	23	4	5	0	0	68	9	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	37	11	10	5	0	0	74	15	2735
2020	Indigenous	44	32	8	8	8	0	0	77	16	130
2020	Métis	38	35	9	8	10	0	0	73	18	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	38	13	9	5	0	0	73	14	3106
2019	Indigenous	39	32	11	9	8	0	0	71	18	163
2019	Métis	35	33	13	9	9	0	1	68	18	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	37	11	11	6	0	0	72	16	3643
2018	Indigenous	34	41	7	10	7	1	0	76	18	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	40	12	10	8	0	0	70	18	2723

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	31	14	4	0	0	81	4	100
2022	First Nations	52	31	8	8	0	0	84	8	40
2022	Métis	48	31	20	1	0	0	79	1	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	33	8	3	1	0	87	4	2730
2020	Indigenous	57	27	10	4	2	0	84	6	130
2020	Métis	54	30	12	1	3	0	84	4	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	56	32	8	3	1	0	88	4	3089
2019	Indigenous	54	30	9	4	3	0	83	7	164
2019	Métis	55	27	11	3	4	0	82	7	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	33	9	3	2	0	86	5	3622
2018	Indigenous	51	36	8	3	2	1	87	5	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	35	8	4	2	0	87	5	2709

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	42	9	4	4	0	84	8	100
2022	First Nations	48	42	2	4	5	0	89	9	40
2022	Métis	29	49	15	4	3	0	78	7	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	38	9	5	2	0	84	7	2735
2020	Indigenous	47	33	11	4	5	0	80	9	132
2020	Métis	45	37	10	4	5	0	82	9	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	38	9	4	2	0	85	6	3105
2019	Indigenous	48	32	7	7	5	0	80	13	163
2019	Métis	49	32	6	7	6	0	81	13	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	38	9	5	2	0	84	7	3643
2018	Indigenous	37	39	10	7	6	1	77	13	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	42	11	5	3	0	81	8	2724

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	30	2	10	5	1	83	15	95
2022	First Nations	64	25	0	8	3	0	88	12	40
2022	Métis	37	41	3	12	6	2	80	18	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	34	11	7	4	0	78	10	2735
2020	Indigenous	51	26	12	6	4	1	77	10	131
2020	Métis	47	23	17	8	4	1	71	12	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	34	14	6	3	0	78	8	3093
2019	Indigenous	53	21	9	6	9	1	75	15	164
2019	Métis	54	24	10	3	10	0	77	13	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	33	12	6	4	0	77	10	3639
2018	Indigenous	48	28	14	5	5	1	76	10	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	34	16	7	6	0	72	13	2719

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	38	4	9	5	0	82	13	100
2022	First Nations	52	37	4	3	4	0	88	7	40
2022	Métis	33	46	4	13	5	0	78	18	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	37	11	7	4	0	78	11	2730
2020	Indigenous	48	28	12	8	3	0	76	11	130
2020	Métis	45	27	17	7	4	0	72	11	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	35	14	6	2	0	78	8	3078
2019	Indigenous	52	22	12	6	8	0	74	14	164
2019	Métis	54	22	13	4	8	0	75	12	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	36	12	6	4	0	77	10	3621
2018	Indigenous	44	28	14	8	5	1	73	12	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	36	15	8	5	0	72	12	2701

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	18	19	8	7	3	0	65	16	100
2022	First Nations	48	15	28	0	5	4	0	66	5	40
2022	Métis	38	21	16	15	8	1	0	60	24	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	28	17	8	5	4	1	68	14	2735
2020	Indigenous	44	22	17	7	7	2	0	68	15	131
2020	Métis	40	18	25	8	5	4	0	60	14	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	28	17	8	3	3	1	71	12	3098
2019	Indigenous	37	14	20	11	11	3	3	55	23	164
2019	Métis	39	15	19	8	13	5	2	58	22	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	27	18	8	5	4	1	67	14	3641
2018	Indigenous	29	22	28	9	4	7	0	55	15	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	29	20	9	7	3	1	63	16	2725

Top of page

Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	25	10	1	2	2	11	86	3	100
2022	First Nations	48	23	4	2	1	3	19	91	4	40
2022	Métis	49	26	14	0	2	0	9	82	3	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	25	11	4	3	1	4	81	7	2735
2020	Indigenous	51	24	11	7	1	1	5	80	9	132
2020	Métis	51	23	16	5	1	1	3	77	6	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	28	11	4	2	1	2	81	7	3102
2019	Indigenous	44	24	17	5	5	1	4	72	11	163
2019	Métis	43	21	17	5	6	2	6	70	11	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	28	14	5	3	1	3	78	8	3635

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	33	5	3	2	0	0	90	4	95
2022	First Nations	56	44	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	40
2022	Métis	55	27	11	5	2	0	0	82	7	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	31	8	6	4	0	0	81	10	2730
2020	Indigenous	57	28	9	4	2	0	0	85	6	131
2020	Métis	49	31	14	4	3	0	0	80	6	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	32	10	7	3	0	0	79	11	3105
2019	Indigenous	52	28	8	5	6	2	0	81	11	162
2019	Métis	48	31	8	4	6	4	0	82	10	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	31	10	9	4	0	1	77	13	3624
2018	Indigenous	52	28	10	6	5	0	0	79	11	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	33	11	10	5	0	1	73	16	2714

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	67	17	7	6	4	0	84	10	100
2022	First Nations	72	16	0	9	3	0	87	13	40
2022	Métis	58	19	13	9	2	0	76	11	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	26	8	5	4	0	83	9	2730
2020	Indigenous	65	23	7	1	3	1	88	5	132
2020	Métis	64	20	10	0	4	1	86	4	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	27	9	6	4	0	81	10	3103
2019	Indigenous	63	18	7	7	5	0	81	12	164
2019	Métis	66	16	8	4	7	0	82	10	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	29	9	6	3	0	81	10	3643
2018	Indigenous	57	19	13	4	7	0	76	11	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	29	11	8	6	0	75	14	2722

Senior management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	23	14	10	5	4	0	70	15	100
2022	First Nations	49	26	9	13	3	1	0	75	16	40
2022	Métis	34	22	24	4	8	7	0	61	13	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	31	13	7	5	8	1	73	13	2730
2020	Indigenous	41	26	16	5	4	7	0	72	10	132
2020	Métis	35	27	18	7	5	9	0	67	13	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	32	13	6	4	8	0	75	11	3102
2019	Indigenous	44	22	9	8	6	10	1	74	17	163
2019	Métis	40	29	9	5	5	13	0	79	11	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	32	14	7	5	8	1	71	13	3630
2018	Indigenous	33	33	16	11	3	3	1	69	15	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	33	17	9	6	8	0	65	17	2733

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	24	18	9	8	0	0	66	17	100
2022	First Nations	55	20	8	6	11	0	0	75	17	40
2022	Métis	25	28	33	10	5	0	0	53	14	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	33	15	11	8	4	0	65	20	2730
2020	Indigenous	38	32	13	10	5	3	0	72	15	132
2020	Métis	38	30	13	9	6	4	0	71	16	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	34	15	9	6	3	0	69	15	3098
2019	Indigenous	41	24	12	8	8	6	1	70	17	164
2019	Métis	39	30	14	5	7	7	0	73	12	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	33	15	11	7	4	1	66	18	3621
2018	Indigenous	29	33	21	7	8	3	1	63	15	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	32	18	12	9	3	0	58	23	2720

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	24	19	16	11	4	0	52	28	100
2022	First Nations	36	24	14	12	14	0	0	60	26	40
2022	Métis	12	24	30	20	6	7	0	39	29	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	29	19	15	10	6	0	53	27	2730
2020	Indigenous	25	38	17	9	7	4	0	66	17	131
2020	Métis	25	39	18	6	6	5	0	68	13	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	34	18	14	7	4	0	59	23	3105
2019	Indigenous	28	23	13	14	10	11	1	58	27	163
2019	Métis	27	22	20	9	6	16	0	58	18	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	30	19	15	8	7	1	55	25	3613
2018	Indigenous	21	28	22	17	9	3	0	51	26	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	29	20	17	10	6	0	50	29	2724

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	35	14	13	6	4	0	66	20	95
2022	First Nations	31	47	5	11	6	1	0	78	17	40
2022	Métis	21	29	23	16	5	7	0	53	22	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	34	16	15	10	3	0	57	26	2735
2020	Indigenous	26	39	15	9	9	2	0	66	18	132
2020	Métis	31	31	19	5	11	2	0	64	17	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	38	16	14	7	2	0	62	22	3101
2019	Indigenous	26	27	13	18	9	7	1	58	29	163
2019	Métis	28	24	11	20	7	10	0	58	30	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	33	17	17	8	4	1	55	26	3620
2018	Indigenous	18	28	19	27	6	2	0	47	33	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	32	20	17	11	3	0	49	30	2731

Top of page

Workforce

Performance management

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	34	8	8	8	0	76	16	100
2022	First Nations	47	35	4	9	4	0	82	14	40
2022	Métis	32	39	11	8	10	0	72	18	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	35	14	10	7	0	69	16	2735
2020	Indigenous	43	32	5	12	6	1	76	19	131
2020	Métis	37	37	5	14	6	0	75	21	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	38	14	11	5	0	70	17	3106
2019	Indigenous	32	36	11	12	8	0	68	21	164
2019	Métis	26	45	10	8	11	0	71	19	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	38	12	12	6	0	69	19	3640
2018	Indigenous	40	24	13	13	9	0	65	22	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	36	16	13	9	0	62	22	2732

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	40	4	11	2	82	13	100
2022	First Nations	46	37	2	14	1	83	16	40
2022	Métis	37	44	7	8	3	81	11	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	44	8	7	3	81	10	2735
2020	Indigenous	43	36	5	12	3	79	16	130
2020	Métis	39	39	5	14	4	77	18	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	41	12	9	3	77	12	3092
2019	Indigenous	32	43	11	9	6	74	15	162
2019	Métis	31	41	14	6	8	72	14	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	43	11	9	4	77	13	3621
2018	Indigenous	34	35	18	7	5	69	13	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	40	13	11	4	72	15	2732

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	22	10	6	4	0	2	80	10	100
2022	First Nations	66	19	3	12	1	0	0	84	13	40
2022	Métis	49	20	17	7	3	0	3	71	11	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	33	10	7	4	0	0	78	11	2730
2020	Indigenous	57	26	8	5	2	1	0	84	7	132
2020	Métis	48	31	13	4	3	1	0	81	6	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	31	12	8	4	0	0	76	12	3098
2019	Indigenous	44	27	14	8	7	0	0	71	16	164
2019	Métis	43	29	13	6	9	0	0	72	15	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	32	12	8	4	0	1	75	13	3644
2018	Indigenous	45	23	18	8	5	0	0	69	13	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	34	13	9	6	0	1	72	15	2725

Job fit and development

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	40	7	7	2	0	84	9	95
2022	First Nations	49	39	5	7	0	0	88	7	40
2022	Métis	39	42	9	7	2	0	81	10	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	42	10	9	3	1	77	13	2725
2020	Indigenous	31	45	8	7	6	3	79	13	131
2020	Métis	31	42	10	5	11	1	75	16	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	42	11	9	2	1	77	11	3091
2019	Indigenous	44	35	7	8	6	0	79	14	163
2019	Métis	41	37	11	4	8	0	77	11	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	40	11	9	3	0	76	13	3631
2018	Indigenous	39	33	14	12	2	0	72	14	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	46	11	11	4	1	74	15	2737

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	66	17	8	5	4	1	0	84	9	100
2022	First Nations	70	19	2	6	1	1	0	91	7	40
2022	Métis	59	14	13	10	3	0	0	74	13	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	25	11	4	4	2	1	80	8	2730
2020	Indigenous	60	22	7	7	2	1	1	83	9	132
2020	Métis	52	26	9	10	3	1	0	78	12	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	26	13	5	4	1	1	77	10	3092

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	30	13	15	8	3	0	62	24	100
2022	First Nations	37	28	3	17	9	6	0	69	28	40
2022	Métis	21	30	22	14	7	6	0	54	22	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	34	16	12	11	3	0	59	24	2730
2020	Indigenous	30	30	14	12	8	4	2	63	22	132
2020	Métis	21	30	19	17	7	6	0	55	25	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	32	19	15	9	2	1	56	25	3092
2019	Indigenous	37	20	16	14	11	3	0	58	26	164
2019	Métis	35	21	19	13	11	2	0	57	24	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	32	18	14	11	3	0	56	25	3634
2018	Indigenous	28	32	18	14	7	1	0	60	22	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	30	18	17	13	3	0	50	31	2723

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	17	9	8	5	1	8	76	14	100
2022	First Nations	66	13	3	11	7	0	0	79	18	40
2022	Métis	45	21	15	4	3	2	9	74	8	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	27	13	4	4	1	4	78	9	2730
2020	Indigenous	43	31	15	5	3	0	3	76	9	132
2020	Métis	45	33	12	8	1	0	1	78	9	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	25	13	6	3	1	3	77	9	3105
2019	Indigenous	47	24	11	6	5	1	6	77	12	164
2019	Métis	47	24	8	8	7	0	6	75	16	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	25	12	4	2	1	4	81	7	3637

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	29	8	9	4	1	8	77	14	100
2022	First Nations	48	30	6	14	2	0	0	78	16	40
2022	Métis	36	34	9	4	5	1	11	80	10	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	24	14	5	5	1	3	75	10	2735
2020	Indigenous	50	23	14	6	2	2	3	77	8	132
2020	Métis	46	27	15	8	0	2	1	76	8	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	27	14	6	3	1	3	76	9	3096
2019	Indigenous	52	18	13	6	3	3	5	75	10	163
2019	Métis	56	20	10	5	4	1	5	81	9	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	24	15	7	3	2	4	74	11	3634

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	72	12	0	1	4	4	7	94	6	100
2022	First Nations	84	11	0	0	1	4	0	99	1	40
2022	Métis	68	13	0	1	6	3	9	92	8	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	10	5	2	2	4	5	91	4	2730
2020	Indigenous	74	11	6	4	2	1	3	87	6	131
2020	Métis	70	12	8	4	2	0	3	85	6	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	75	10	5	2	2	3	3	90	4	3091
2019	Indigenous	70	10	3	2	5	5	5	89	8	164
2019	Métis	74	11	2	3	3	4	5	92	6	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	75	9	4	2	2	3	4	91	5	3631

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	66	13	4	2	3	1	12	90	5	100
2022	First Nations	70	17	5	2	1	0	6	92	3	40
2022	Métis	64	15	3	0	5	1	12	92	5	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	74	9	4	1	1	1	9	93	3	2735
2020	Indigenous	73	6	7	4	1	4	5	87	6	132
2020	Métis	73	6	6	5	3	4	4	86	8	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	73	12	5	2	1	2	6	92	3	3097
2019	Indigenous	72	6	5	3	2	5	7	89	6	164
2019	Métis	72	8	5	3	1	5	6	90	4	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	79	7	2	1	1	2	8	95	2	3634

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	29	8	16	13	1	10	59	32	100
2022	First Nations	29	23	9	18	7	1	12	60	29	40
2022	Métis	19	36	7	14	16	0	8	60	33	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	30	11	15	18	2	4	53	36	2735
2020	Indigenous	27	31	14	8	17	3	1	60	26	132
2020	Métis	19	31	16	10	20	5	0	53	31	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	27	15	16	18	2	3	49	36	3105
2019	Indigenous	31	16	12	18	16	2	5	50	36	164
2019	Métis	30	17	15	16	14	3	5	51	33	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	24	15	15	18	3	3	49	36	3646
2018	Indigenous	25	25	11	16	18	1	2	52	36	108
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	25	14	17	22	2	3	44	41	2723

Empowerment

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	44	8	9	2	0	1	81	11	100
2022	First Nations	44	42	3	9	1	0	0	86	10	40
2022	Métis	29	46	12	9	2	0	1	76	12	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	40	10	9	5	0	0	76	14	2730
2020	Indigenous	37	39	9	11	3	0	0	77	15	130
2020	Métis	35	43	11	8	4	0	0	77	12	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	42	11	9	4	0	0	76	13	3099
2019	Indigenous	32	39	13	8	7	1	0	72	15	163
2019	Métis	29	42	10	7	10	2	0	73	17	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	38	12	9	5	0	0	74	14	3617
2018	Indigenous	31	32	23	10	4	1	0	63	14	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	41	13	10	6	0	0	71	16	2717

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	39	8	8	2	83	10	100
2022	First Nations	52	38	0	6	3	91	9	40
2022	Métis	36	40	15	9	0	76	9	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	37	12	6	4	78	10	2735
2020	Indigenous	46	26	15	10	3	72	13	131
2020	Métis	42	25	19	10	4	67	13	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	35	13	7	4	76	10	3102
2019	Indigenous	41	29	11	11	8	70	19	164
2019	Métis	37	31	14	8	9	69	17	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	36	13	7	4	76	12	3633
2018	Indigenous	36	38	13	7	7	74	13	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	37	13	8	6	73	14	2714

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	27	12	3	5	0	2	80	8	95
2022	First Nations	65	21	2	3	5	0	4	90	8	40
2022	Métis	47	25	21	4	3	0	0	73	7	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	39	13	8	4	0	0	76	11	2730
2020	Indigenous	42	34	9	6	6	1	2	78	13	130
2020	Métis	37	44	4	9	4	1	1	83	13	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	44	12	8	3	0	1	76	11	3093
2019	Indigenous	40	34	12	6	6	0	1	75	13	163
2019	Métis	35	37	13	6	7	0	2	74	13	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	40	12	9	3	0	1	75	13	3595
2018	Indigenous	37	40	12	9	2	0	0	77	11	108
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	39	15	11	5	1	1	68	17	2720

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	38	8	10	6	4	4	74	18	100
2022	First Nations	37	43	2	10	3	5	0	84	14	40
2022	Métis	23	35	14	9	8	3	8	66	19	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	41	19	10	5	4	1	65	15	2735
2020	Indigenous	27	45	14	5	7	3	0	74	12	131
2020	Métis	20	46	21	5	5	3	0	68	10	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	43	20	9	3	4	0	67	12	3099
2019	Indigenous	29	33	15	10	7	4	2	66	19	164
2019	Métis	26	33	16	9	8	5	4	64	18	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	42	18	10	4	4	1	66	14	3644
2018	Indigenous	29	36	16	9	7	3	0	67	17	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	36	23	12	7	5	1	56	20	2726

Work-life balance and workload

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	24	7	10	2	0	0	82	12	100
2022	First Nations	68	19	0	9	4	0	0	87	13	40
2022	Métis	55	23	13	10	0	0	0	77	10	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	32	9	8	5	0	0	78	13	2735
2020	Indigenous	48	31	8	4	8	0	1	80	12	132
2020	Métis	42	37	11	5	5	0	0	79	10	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	35	10	9	4	0	0	77	12	3096
2019	Indigenous	52	25	7	7	8	0	1	78	15	164
2019	Métis	50	23	11	4	9	1	2	75	14	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	31	9	8	4	0	0	79	12	3629
2018	Indigenous	52	32	10	2	3	0	0	84	6	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	35	11	8	4	0	1	77	12	2725

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	26	18	5	3	0	0	74	8	100
2022	First Nations	53	19	21	5	3	0	0	72	7	40
2022	Métis	50	26	15	5	3	0	0	77	8	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	32	16	8	5	0	1	71	13	2735
2020	Indigenous	35	36	16	8	5	0	0	71	12	132
2020	Métis	32	36	17	9	6	0	0	68	15	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	36	18	9	5	0	1	68	14	3085
2019	Indigenous	49	29	10	6	5	1	1	79	11	164
2019	Métis	48	29	9	6	7	1	1	78	13	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	33	16	7	4	0	0	73	11	3615
2018	Indigenous	47	32	10	7	3	0	1	80	10	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	34	17	8	4	0	0	71	12	2737

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	67	16	11	2	0	4	0	86	2	100
2022	First Nations	67	17	8	2	0	6	0	89	2	40
2022	Métis	63	15	15	1	1	6	0	82	2	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	66	21	5	2	2	2	2	90	4	2730

Mobility and retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	29	32	100
2022	First Nations	41	26	33	40
2022	Métis	42	27	31	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	34	27	2730
2020	Indigenous	26	40	34	132
2020	Métis	29	39	31	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	45	33	3107
2019	Indigenous	36	24	40	164
2019	Métis	39	21	40	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	39	32	3651
2018	Indigenous	28	30	41	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	39	32	2733

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes, to retire (%)	Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Yes, other reason Specify other reason (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	37	13	22	20	3	35
2022	First Nations	6	45	17	17	15	0	15
2022	Métis	3	22	9	25	36	5	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	31	17	5	25	6	940
2020	Indigenous	19	31	31	5	14	0	35
2020	Métis	20	23	28	5	24	0	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	34	20	3	13	5	704
2019	Indigenous	5	12	25	4	53	0	56
2019	Métis	4	20	24	3	48	0	33
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	23	18	6	36	5	1015
2018	Indigenous	7	17	22	7	46	0	28
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	21	19	5	32	6	720

Top of page

Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	40	6	4	1	0	0	89	5	100
2022	First Nations	50	35	7	7	1	0	0	85	8	40
2022	Métis	54	39	5	1	1	0	0	93	2	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	38	8	4	2	0	0	86	6	2735
2020	Indigenous	50	34	8	4	4	0	1	84	8	130
2020	Métis	47	35	11	4	4	0	0	82	8	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	40	9	5	2	0	0	84	7	3091
2019	Indigenous	44	32	9	8	7	0	0	76	15	164
2019	Métis	44	32	8	7	9	0	0	76	16	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	39	10	6	3	0	0	81	8	3628
2018	Indigenous	37	43	13	3	4	1	0	80	7	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	43	9	5	2	0	0	84	7	2731

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	40	21	9	3	0	67	12	95
2022	First Nations	36	37	11	14	1	0	74	15	40
2022	Métis	13	50	27	4	5	0	63	9	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	47	16	8	4	1	72	12	2730
2020	Indigenous	33	44	16	3	3	1	79	5	132
2020	Métis	36	40	18	3	3	0	76	6	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	46	18	7	2	2	73	9	3100
2019	Indigenous	35	37	17	5	5	2	73	10	164
2019	Métis	37	40	16	2	4	2	78	6	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	44	17	8	3	2	71	11	3641
2018	Indigenous	26	49	18	5	1	1	76	6	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	44	20	8	4	1	68	12	2718

Organizational performance

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	18	31	29	12	0	5	43	24	100
2022	First Nations	4	19	29	34	13	0	1	47	23	40
2022	Métis	5	22	34	19	11	0	9	32	30	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	18	40	22	10	1	2	33	26	2720
2020	Indigenous	13	12	31	26	16	1	1	43	25	132
2020	Métis	17	10	31	26	15	1	0	41	28	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	20	39	26	8	0	1	35	26	3096
2019	Indigenous	10	14	34	20	21	0	1	41	24	162
2019	Métis	9	14	33	25	18	0	1	43	24	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	20	37	23	11	1	1	35	27	3640
2018	Indigenous	7	14	32	29	14	0	4	44	22	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	20	39	22	10	1	1	33	27	2727

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	20	20	21	12	3	8	38	40	100
2022	First Nations	25	10	28	18	14	0	7	33	37	40
2022	Métis	8	27	19	20	10	6	9	36	42	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	26	31	13	8	2	3	22	45	2730
2020	Indigenous	14	22	30	16	15	2	1	32	37	131
2020	Métis	9	30	25	13	21	2	0	34	40	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	23	34	16	8	2	1	25	40	3097
2019	Indigenous	16	19	18	15	25	3	4	43	37	161
2019	Métis	19	19	16	17	20	6	3	41	42	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	24	27	15	11	2	3	27	44	3633
2018	Indigenous	16	19	37	12	9	2	4	23	37	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	26	30	15	8	2	2	24	45	2721

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	10	30	20	30	0	5	53	15	100
2022	First Nations	5	8	26	24	35	0	1	60	13	40
2022	Métis	4	10	34	17	25	0	9	47	16	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	14	29	30	17	1	2	49	21	2725
2020	Indigenous	13	9	23	32	19	2	1	53	23	131
2020	Métis	11	7	28	31	21	1	0	53	19	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	14	34	30	15	1	1	45	20	3081
2019	Indigenous	7	6	27	24	32	1	2	58	14	162
2019	Métis	4	6	34	23	32	0	2	56	10	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	14	29	30	19	1	2	51	20	3628
2018	Indigenous	8	10	33	29	17	1	2	48	18	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	15	32	29	16	1	1	46	21	2710

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	14	21	28	21	1	5	52	25	100
2022	First Nations	10	14	18	36	22	0	1	58	24	40
2022	Métis	9	14	23	22	22	1	9	49	26	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	18	26	20	17	1	3	39	33	2720
2020	Indigenous	11	22	23	19	20	4	2	41	35	131
2020	Métis	13	21	21	23	20	1	0	44	35	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	20	29	24	14	1	1	39	31	3092
2019	Indigenous	8	11	29	21	27	1	2	50	20	163
2019	Métis	6	12	30	18	32	1	1	51	19	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	18	27	23	18	2	2	43	30	3634
2018	Indigenous	10	23	22	22	16	1	6	40	37	106
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	21	30	20	13	1	2	34	34	2718

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	12	19	23	21	3	10	51	27	100
2022	First Nations	13	13	14	25	26	0	9	56	28	40
2022	Métis	15	10	23	17	17	6	11	41	31	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	17	25	22	19	3	6	46	27	2725
2020	Indigenous	8	18	25	22	24	2	2	47	27	131
2020	Métis	8	18	25	21	25	2	0	47	27	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	11	26	29	22	3	3	54	18	3089
2019	Indigenous	7	15	14	22	33	4	5	60	25	162
2019	Métis	7	15	13	23	30	8	4	60	25	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	14	23	25	22	4	5	51	24	3621
2018	Indigenous	6	14	23	27	21	4	5	52	22	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	14	27	26	19	3	4	48	23	2708

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	19	24	23	17	4	1	42	32	100
2022	First Nations	15	14	18	29	22	3	0	52	30	40
2022	Métis	8	22	31	19	11	6	1	33	33	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	23	32	15	11	2	4	27	39	2730
2020	Indigenous	15	17	31	17	14	2	3	33	34	132
2020	Métis	13	17	29	22	17	2	0	40	31	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	21	32	20	10	2	2	31	35	3092
2019	Indigenous	13	16	25	12	25	5	4	41	32	162
2019	Métis	11	15	29	14	20	8	3	38	29	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	21	28	16	15	3	3	33	37	3634
2018	Indigenous	17	27	21	11	13	4	6	28	49	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	23	31	17	10	2	2	27	40	2726

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	3	11	28	31	21	0	7	56	14	100
2022	First Nations	2	16	28	25	26	0	4	53	18	40
2022	Métis	3	7	34	32	15	0	9	52	11	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	8	32	34	20	1	3	56	11	2730
2020	Indigenous	8	10	38	28	11	1	3	41	19	131
2020	Métis	8	10	43	27	11	0	0	38	19	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	13	35	33	14	1	1	48	17	3098
2019	Indigenous	9	19	30	27	13	0	2	41	28	162
2019	Métis	7	20	35	26	10	1	1	36	28	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	16	31	26	15	1	2	43	25	3637

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	27	27	12	6	0	54	19	95
2022	First Nations	42	26	22	8	3	0	67	11	40
2022	Métis	9	29	38	15	8	0	38	24	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	36	22	17	7	3	53	24	2730
2020	Indigenous	24	42	11	15	4	5	69	20	130
2020	Métis	23	42	6	15	6	7	70	23	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	41	21	13	4	3	61	17	3086
2019	Indigenous	23	33	22	12	7	3	57	20	163
2019	Métis	26	30	21	13	6	5	59	19	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	35	22	15	6	6	55	22	3625

Diversity and inclusion

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	29	7	6	3	1	0	84	8	95
2022	First Nations	60	35	1	4	0	0	0	94	4	40
2022	Métis	46	30	11	6	5	1	0	77	11	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	27	7	8	4	1	0	81	12	2730
2020	Indigenous	52	29	8	6	4	1	0	82	10	130
2020	Métis	46	30	13	8	4	0	0	76	12	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	30	9	9	5	1	0	77	14	3092
2019	Indigenous	48	24	8	11	7	0	1	73	18	160
2019	Métis	45	31	11	5	8	0	0	77	13	83
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	29	7	9	6	1	0	77	15	3641
2018	Indigenous	52	26	6	11	6	0	0	77	17	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	32	10	11	9	1	0	70	19	2722

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	29	4	3	2	1	91	6	100
2022	First Nations	74	21	1	1	2	0	95	3	40
2022	Métis	50	38	4	5	2	1	88	8	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	29	6	5	2	0	86	8	2735
2020	Indigenous	53	36	3	6	1	1	90	6	132
2020	Métis	42	42	5	9	1	0	84	11	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	31	7	6	3	0	84	9	3085
2019	Indigenous	59	20	8	9	4	0	79	13	163
2019	Métis	55	24	10	7	4	0	79	11	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	31	7	7	3	0	82	10	3637
2018	Indigenous	46	29	10	11	4	0	75	15	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	35	9	8	5	0	78	12	2718

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	34	9	4	4	1	1	83	8	100
2022	First Nations	54	37	1	6	2	0	0	91	8	40
2022	Métis	38	37	16	2	4	1	1	77	7	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	34	9	4	2	1	0	85	6	2735
2020	Indigenous	50	36	8	4	2	0	0	86	6	131
2020	Métis	41	36	14	5	4	0	0	77	9	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	36	10	5	2	1	0	83	7	3077
2019	Indigenous	48	30	10	7	4	1	0	79	12	163
2019	Métis	50	30	9	5	5	2	0	81	10	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	37	10	4	2	1	0	84	7	3634
2018	Indigenous	48	30	10	7	4	0	0	78	12	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	40	12	5	4	1	0	79	9	2722

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	33	7	5	4	0	4	83	9	100
2022	First Nations	66	24	8	1	1	0	0	90	2	40
2022	Métis	35	37	7	7	6	0	8	79	14	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	41	13	6	3	2	0	78	9	2735
2020	Indigenous	37	44	8	5	4	1	0	82	9	131
2020	Métis	30	48	10	6	4	2	0	80	10	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	41	13	5	2	2	0	79	8	3090
2019	Indigenous	45	31	16	3	5	0	0	75	9	163
2019	Métis	42	35	13	3	7	0	0	77	10	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	41	11	6	2	2	0	81	9	3627
2018	Indigenous	48	35	11	4	3	0	0	83	6	108
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	39	11	5	2	1	0	81	7	2715

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	28	14	3	1	2	0	82	3	100
2022	First Nations	48	30	21	1	0	0	0	77	1	40
2022	Métis	58	26	9	2	1	4	0	88	4	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	40	11	4	2	4	0	82	6	2735
2020	Indigenous	49	39	6	2	1	3	0	90	3	132
2020	Métis	45	37	9	3	2	4	0	85	6	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	36	13	4	2	3	0	81	6	3089
2019	Indigenous	52	26	12	4	3	2	0	80	8	163
2019	Métis	52	26	13	6	2	2	0	79	8	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	36	10	3	2	3	0	85	4	3633
2018	Indigenous	59	25	14	1	1	0	0	84	2	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	38	11	3	2	2	1	83	5	2716

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	29	4	8	2	86	10	100
2022	First Nations	64	32	3	2	0	95	2	40
2022	Métis	46	32	5	12	4	79	16	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	37	8	4	2	85	7	2730
2020	Indigenous	49	34	9	4	4	83	8	131
2020	Métis	49	30	12	5	4	79	8	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	35	8	4	2	86	6	3097
2019	Indigenous	58	24	8	4	5	83	9	163
2019	Métis	60	24	8	3	5	84	8	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	34	8	4	3	86	6	3640
2018	Indigenous	55	23	14	6	2	78	8	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	36	9	5	3	83	8	2715

Anti-racism

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	24	5	4	4	4	7	86	8	100
2022	First Nations	53	27	0	2	1	6	11	96	4	40
2022	Métis	53	22	11	5	5	1	2	78	11	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	28	9	5	3	7	4	81	8	2735

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	29	5	5	3	4	7	86	9	95
2022	First Nations	39	40	0	3	1	6	11	95	5	40
2022	Métis	51	25	10	7	3	1	3	79	11	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	28	11	6	2	7	4	79	9	2735

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	28	7	8	6	16	0	75	17	100
2022	First Nations	34	29	7	0	9	21	0	80	11	40
2022	Métis	38	27	8	15	2	11	0	73	19	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	29	20	5	2	13	1	68	9	2735
2020	Indigenous	46	30	12	5	1	4	1	81	6	132
2020	Métis	44	31	14	5	1	5	1	79	6	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	35	16	5	2	5	0	76	8	3104

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	28	8	3	5	4	1	83	9	100
2022	First Nations	47	34	10	1	1	6	0	86	3	40
2022	Métis	48	24	7	4	7	8	1	80	13	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	33	10	5	3	5	3	80	9	2730
2020	Indigenous	45	31	11	5	5	3	1	79	10	129
2020	Métis	40	32	11	8	5	3	1	74	15	69
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	32	10	6	3	3	2	79	10	3091

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	16	18	4	4	34	5	56	13	100
2022	First Nations	16	20	19	5	1	39	0	60	9	40
2022	Métis	16	12	17	2	7	36	10	51	17	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	18	23	3	3	40	4	48	11	2730

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	5	28	6	24	27	0	20	41	40

Ethical workplace

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	30	16	2	4	11	2	74	7	100
2022	First Nations	37	37	8	1	3	15	0	86	5	40
2022	Métis	27	25	23	3	4	14	3	64	9	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	29	15	9	6	6	6	66	17	2735
2020	Indigenous	32	30	17	7	6	7	1	67	14	132
2020	Métis	25	34	21	6	9	5	0	62	16	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	31	17	10	6	5	4	63	17	3095
2019	Indigenous	38	23	15	9	8	4	4	66	18	162
2019	Métis	36	26	15	7	8	5	4	68	16	85
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	29	15	10	7	5	4	64	19	3642
2018	Indigenous	33	29	20	9	6	4	0	64	15	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	34	17	11	9	6	3	59	22	2721

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	28	12	7	2	4	0	77	10	95
2022	First Nations	55	29	7	3	0	6	0	90	3	40
2022	Métis	33	32	18	11	3	2	0	66	15	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	38	14	10	6	4	1	69	16	2730
2020	Indigenous	38	32	14	7	1	7	1	76	9	132
2020	Métis	37	32	17	9	1	5	0	72	10	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	37	14	10	4	3	1	71	14	3097
2019	Indigenous	35	34	12	9	6	3	0	72	16	164
2019	Métis	32	40	12	8	4	3	0	75	12	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	38	13	11	5	3	1	70	17	3630
2018	Indigenous	42	33	11	6	5	0	3	77	12	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	37	14	11	6	3	1	68	18	2718

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	32	16	4	2	0	77	6	100
2022	First Nations	53	36	9	0	2	0	89	2	40
2022	Métis	33	36	20	8	3	0	69	11	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	40	16	6	3	2	74	9	2730
2020	Indigenous	37	43	10	5	2	3	82	8	131
2020	Métis	36	42	9	7	1	3	81	9	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	40	17	5	2	1	75	8	3093
2019	Indigenous	36	30	19	10	4	1	67	14	163
2019	Métis	36	35	17	9	2	0	71	11	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	39	16	6	4	2	73	10	3628
2018	Indigenous	35	41	15	7	2	1	77	8	108
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	39	17	7	4	2	71	11	2716

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	25	19	4	10	10	4	60	17	100
2022	First Nations	31	37	12	1	8	4	6	76	11	40
2022	Métis	17	15	27	8	10	15	8	43	23	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	28	18	11	9	10	3	57	23	2735
2020	Indigenous	23	26	17	10	13	10	1	55	26	131
2020	Métis	16	25	18	14	16	8	3	46	34	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	27	19	13	9	8	2	54	25	3095
2019	Indigenous	29	21	17	10	14	7	1	55	26	162
2019	Métis	22	25	19	9	16	8	1	52	27	85
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	27	18	12	11	8	2	55	25	3634
2018	Indigenous	24	35	11	11	13	6	0	63	25	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	28	19	14	13	7	2	50	29	2724

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	32	0	10	2	88	12	100
2022	First Nations	65	20	0	14	1	85	15	40
2022	Métis	53	39	0	5	4	91	9	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	43	4	7	3	86	10	2735
2020	Indigenous	36	46	2	14	2	83	16	132
2020	Métis	34	50	3	11	2	84	13	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	49	4	8	2	86	10	3110

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	19	8	9	3	2	80	12	100
2022	First Nations	57	14	12	14	2	1	72	16	40
2022	Métis	67	18	4	5	3	2	88	9	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	34	6	8	4	1	82	12	2735
2020	Indigenous	42	31	13	12	3	0	73	15	132
2020	Métis	34	39	16	9	2	0	73	11	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	40	9	11	3	0	78	14	3098
2019	Indigenous	50	32	9	8	1	0	81	10	164
2019	Métis	52	33	6	8	1	0	85	9	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	36	4	8	3	0	85	11	3639

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	27	7	5	2	0	86	6	95
2022	First Nations	63	19	10	6	1	0	82	7	40
2022	Métis	61	28	5	3	2	0	89	6	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	34	6	5	2	0	87	7	2730
2020	Indigenous	53	33	7	5	2	1	86	7	129
2020	Métis	45	40	12	1	2	0	84	3	69
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	36	7	6	2	0	85	8	3086
2019	Indigenous	55	30	4	7	4	0	85	11	163
2019	Métis	48	36	4	6	6	0	84	12	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	34	6	4	2	0	88	6	3615

Use of official languages

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	83	13	0	3	0	1	1	97	3	100
2022	First Nations	88	7	0	3	0	0	2	97	3	40
2022	Métis	85	10	0	2	0	2	0	98	2	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	76	18	3	2	1	0	0	94	2	2735
2020	Indigenous	77	17	3	2	0	0	0	94	2	131
2020	Métis	72	18	6	4	0	0	0	90	4	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	76	17	3	2	1	0	1	94	3	3095

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	85	5	5	1	4	1	90	5	100
2022	First Nations	94	3	0	0	3	0	97	3	40
2022	Métis	78	7	10	1	2	1	87	3	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	83	9	2	1	1	3	95	2	2730
2019	Indigenous	78	7	5	2	3	4	89	6	163
2019	Métis	75	8	5	1	7	4	87	8	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	82	10	3	1	1	3	94	3	3624

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	34	14	6	2	6	2	76	9	100
2022	First Nations	29	41	15	2	0	11	3	81	2	40
2022	Métis	37	34	10	10	4	3	1	75	15	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	26	11	4	3	11	3	79	8	2730
2020	Indigenous	42	23	16	5	4	8	2	72	10	132
2020	Métis	37	22	21	2	4	10	3	69	7	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	25	13	5	3	10	4	76	9	3105
2019	Indigenous	44	15	10	5	9	13	4	71	17	164
2019	Métis	51	14	13	4	4	12	2	76	9	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	21	12	6	4	14	4	73	12	3644

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	90	100
2022	Métis	13	87	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	2735
2020	Indigenous	14	86	131
2020	Métis	16	84	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	3104
2019	Indigenous	13	87	164
2019	Métis	15	85	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	3641
2018	Indigenous	14	86	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	2732

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	55	15
2022	Métis	47	53	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	43	290
2020	Indigenous	56	44	19
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	47	331
2019	Indigenous	57	43	25
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	47	466
2018	Indigenous	47	53	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	60	40	394

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	69	31	15
2022	Métis	74	26	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	48	290
2020	Indigenous	69	31	19
2020	Non-Indigenous	59	41	331
2019	Indigenous	63	37	25
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	44	466
2018	Indigenous	59	41	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	46	394

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	74	15
2022	Métis	18	82	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	290

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	100	15
2022	Métis	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	100	290
2020	Métis	100	12
2019	Métis	100	14
2018	Indigenous	100	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	100	394

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	290
2020	Indigenous	0	100	19
2020	Métis	0	100	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	331

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	85	15
2022	Métis	21	79	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	290
2020	Indigenous	0	100	19
2020	Métis	0	100	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	97	331
2018	Indigenous	0	100	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	394

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	87	15
2022	Métis	18	82	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	290
2020	Métis	0	100	12
2019	Indigenous	0	100	25
2019	Métis	0	100	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	466
2018	Indigenous	0	100	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	394

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	45	15
2022	Métis	51	49	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	65	290
2020	Indigenous	58	42	19
2020	Métis	63	37	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	62	331
2019	Indigenous	45	55	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	65	464
2018	Indigenous	51	49	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	58	393

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	48	15
2022	Métis	68	32	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	58	290
2020	Indigenous	61	39	19
2020	Métis	63	37	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	57	331
2019	Indigenous	60	40	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	59	464
2018	Indigenous	52	48	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	59	393

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	62	38	15
2022	Métis	74	26	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	56	290
2020	Indigenous	44	56	19
2020	Métis	52	48	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	52	331
2019	Indigenous	57	43	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	54	464
2018	Indigenous	45	55	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	47	53	393

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	62	38	15
2022	Métis	63	37	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	59	290
2020	Indigenous	60	40	19
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	64	331
2019	Indigenous	53	47	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	63	464
2018	Indigenous	31	69	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	60	393

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	57	15
2022	Métis	54	46	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	72	290
2020	Indigenous	36	64	19
2020	Métis	47	53	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	65	331
2019	Indigenous	65	35	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	67	464
2018	Indigenous	20	80	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	66	393

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	76	15
2022	Métis	16	84	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	49	290
2020	Indigenous	54	46	19
2020	Métis	52	48	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	48	331
2019	Indigenous	44	56	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	48	464
2018	Indigenous	28	72	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	52	48	393

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	58	15
2022	Métis	33	67	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	290
2020	Indigenous	47	53	19
2020	Métis	40	60	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	63	331
2019	Indigenous	35	65	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	69	464
2018	Indigenous	31	69	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	69	393

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	290
2020	Métis	0	100	12
2019	Indigenous	0	100	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	1	99	464
2018	Indigenous	0	100	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	2	98	393

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	290
2020	Métis	0	100	12
2019	Indigenous	0	100	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	464
2018	Indigenous	0	100	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	393

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	89	15
2022	Métis	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	290

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	57	15
2022	Métis	45	55	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	55	290
2020	Indigenous	61	39	19
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	53	331
2019	Indigenous	64	36	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	53	464
2018	Indigenous	44	56	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	58	393

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	89	15
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	290
2020	Indigenous	26	74	19
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	76	331
2019	Indigenous	29	71	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	72	464
2018	Indigenous	40	60	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	72	393

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	84	15
2022	Métis	16	84	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	290

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	39	15
2022	Métis	52	48	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	53	290
2020	Indigenous	52	48	19
2020	Métis	41	59	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	50	331
2019	Indigenous	60	40	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	48	458
2018	Indigenous	57	43	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	49	394

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	68	15
2022	Métis	27	73	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	290
2020	Indigenous	36	64	19
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	75	331
2019	Indigenous	38	62	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	75	458
2018	Indigenous	42	58	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	78	394

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	94	15
2022	Métis	9	91	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	290
2020	Métis	0	100	12

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	94	15
2022	Métis	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	290

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	83	15
2022	Métis	17	83	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	290
2020	Métis	0	100	12

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	290
2020	Métis	0	100	12

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	290
2019	Indigenous	23	77	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	458

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	82	15
2022	Métis	18	82	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	290

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	73	15
2022	Métis	30	70	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	61	290
2020	Indigenous	30	70	19
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	70	331
2019	Indigenous	21	79	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	71	458
2018	Indigenous	33	67	19
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	73	394

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	95	15
2022	Métis	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	270

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	73	15
2022	Métis	30	70	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	270

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	95	15
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	270
2020	Métis	0	100	12

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	270
2020	Métis	0	100	12
2018	Indigenous	0	100	18
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	376

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	95	15
2022	Métis	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	270
2020	Métis	0	100	12

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	88	15
2022	Métis	9	91	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	270

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	72	15
2022	Métis	40	60	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	270
2020	Métis	0	100	12

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	89	15
2022	Métis	16	84	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	270

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	88	15
2022	Métis	9	91	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	270
2020	Métis	46	54	12

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	65	15
2022	Métis	43	57	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	270
2020	Métis	48	52	12
2018	Indigenous	27	73	18
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	70	376

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	88	15
2022	Métis	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	270

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	53	15
2022	Métis	52	48	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	60	270
2018	Indigenous	43	57	18
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	52	376

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	95	15
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	270

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	47	15
2022	Métis	48	52	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	46	270
2018	Indigenous	69	31	18
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	44	376

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	95	15
2022	Métis	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	270

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	88	15
2022	Métis	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	270

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	14	14	4	10	34	13	46	27	100
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	17	13	6	7	36	9	53	23	2730
2020	Indigenous	18	19	16	8	8	25	6	53	24	132
2020	Métis	19	23	14	11	9	25	0	55	26	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	19	18	8	6	26	6	53	21	3101
2019	Indigenous	20	12	14	12	9	23	10	47	32	164
2019	Métis	16	14	18	12	6	26	8	46	27	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	18	18	9	6	24	8	52	22	3639
2018	Indigenous	20	24	16	8	6	23	3	60	19	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	20	20	8	9	23	5	49	24	2733

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	27	19	5	4	9	4	68	10	100
2022	First Nations	31	33	25	3	1	9	0	69	4	40
2022	Métis	30	28	13	6	6	9	8	70	14	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	34	14	6	4	11	1	73	11	2735
2020	Indigenous	36	24	21	4	4	10	0	67	9	131
2020	Métis	38	24	21	4	4	10	0	68	8	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	33	15	7	4	7	1	72	12	3099
2019	Indigenous	39	27	12	6	6	8	1	74	13	163
2019	Métis	42	28	14	6	4	7	0	75	10	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	33	14	7	5	7	1	73	12	3640
2018	Indigenous	38	27	17	6	4	8	0	71	10	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	34	16	8	5	7	1	68	14	2729

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	4	96	100
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	2730
2020	Indigenous	11	89	131
2020	Métis	10	90	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	3095
2019	Indigenous	9	91	164
2019	Métis	9	91	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	3640
2018	Indigenous	6	94	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	2727

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	59	160
2020	Indigenous	49	51	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	58	186
2019	Indigenous	59	41	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	64	248

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	69	31	160

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	160
2019	Indigenous	0	100	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	248

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	100	160
2020	Indigenous	100	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	100	186
2019	Indigenous	100	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	100	248

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	160
2019	Indigenous	0	100	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	248

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	160
2019	Indigenous	0	100	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	248

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	160

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	160
2020	Indigenous	45	55	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	75	186
2019	Indigenous	40	60	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	76	241

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	77	160
2019	Indigenous	36	64	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	82	241

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	160

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	160
2020	Indigenous	0	100	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	186

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	160
2020	Indigenous	43	57	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	68	186
2019	Indigenous	44	56	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	69	241

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	72	160
2020	Indigenous	61	39	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	65	186
2019	Indigenous	40	60	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	65	241

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	160

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	160
2019	Indigenous	0	100	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	2	98	241

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	160

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	160

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	160

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	160

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	160
2020	Indigenous	0	100	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	0	100	186

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	77	160
2020	Indigenous	0	100	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	84	186

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	70	160
2020	Indigenous	31	69	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	77	186

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	160

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	160

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	160

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	160

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	160
2020	Indigenous	0	100	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	186
2019	Indigenous	0	100	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	239

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	160

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	160

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	59	41	160
2020	Indigenous	51	49	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	45	186
2019	Indigenous	54	46	19
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	51	239

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	150
2019	Indigenous	0	100	18
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	213

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	150

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	150

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	150

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	150

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	150

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	150
2020	Indigenous	0	100	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	176
2019	Indigenous	32	68	18
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	213

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	150

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	150

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	77	150
2020	Indigenous	38	62	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	68	176
2019	Indigenous	40	60	18
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	75	213

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	150

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	56	150
2020	Indigenous	44	56	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	56	176
2019	Indigenous	52	48	18
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	62	213

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	150
2019	Indigenous	0	100	18
2019	Non-Indigenous	3	97	213

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	64	36	150
2020	Indigenous	70	30	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	68	32	176
2019	Indigenous	73	27	18
2019	Non-Indigenous	64	36	213

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	150

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	150

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	14	12	1	5	40	9	64	13	100
2022	First Nations	24	16	13	0	3	38	6	72	6	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	18	15	3	3	40	7	61	11	2730
2020	Indigenous	20	19	15	3	5	34	3	63	13	132
2020	Métis	19	21	19	2	4	34	1	62	9	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	20	19	4	3	30	5	60	11	3096
2019	Indigenous	20	17	17	4	6	27	10	58	15	164
2019	Métis	16	18	18	4	5	29	9	56	15	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	18	20	4	4	28	7	58	11	3644
2018	Indigenous	27	22	20	5	2	24	1	64	10	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	19	23	4	3	27	5	56	10	2731

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	26	16	2	5	8	4	74	8	100
2022	First Nations	36	36	15	0	5	7	0	78	5	40
2022	Métis	36	23	16	2	5	9	8	72	8	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	35	14	4	3	12	1	76	7	2735
2020	Indigenous	37	28	19	2	3	11	0	74	5	130
2020	Métis	34	33	20	1	2	9	0	74	4	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	34	16	5	2	8	1	74	8	3091
2019	Indigenous	43	25	12	2	5	12	1	78	8	164
2019	Métis	47	24	12	2	5	10	0	79	7	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	31	15	4	3	8	1	76	8	3636
2018	Indigenous	45	32	12	5	2	5	0	80	7	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	33	18	4	3	8	1	73	7	2729

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	91	100
2022	First Nations	12	88	40
2022	Métis	11	89	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	2735
2020	Indigenous	20	80	131
2020	Métis	22	78	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	3087
2019	Indigenous	21	79	164
2019	Métis	21	79	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	3641

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	85	15	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	65	35	270
2020	Indigenous	66	34	25
2020	Métis	84	16	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	56	365

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	54	46	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	79	21	270
2020	Indigenous	97	3	25
2020	Métis	94	6	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	81	19	364
2019	Indigenous	76	24	39
2019	Métis	73	27	21
2019	Non-Indigenous	79	21	476

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	31	7	7	3	0	0	84	10	215
2020	Indigenous	43	53	4	0	0	0	0	96	0	23
2020	Métis	25	75	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	12
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	34	7	5	4	0	1	85	9	294
2019	Indigenous	56	21	5	9	9	0	0	77	18	30
2019	Métis	42	23	6	11	18	0	0	65	29	16
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	32	5	7	3	1	1	84	10	382

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	37	4	3	2	3	2	91	5	100
2022	First Nations	47	44	3	2	0	5	0	95	2	40
2022	Métis	50	32	5	4	3	1	4	87	8	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	34	8	5	2	2	3	85	7	2730
2020	Indigenous	49	33	8	5	1	2	2	86	6	132
2020	Métis	48	30	10	7	1	3	1	81	9	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	31	9	4	2	3	3	84	7	3102

Future of work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?
Survey year	Demographic	20% (1 out of 5 days) (%)	40% (2 out of 5 days) (%)	60% (3 out of 5 days) (%)	80% (4 out of 5 days) (%)	Other Please specify (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	22	6	5	23	55
2022	First Nations	48	26	8	12	6	20
2022	Métis	48	10	5	0	37	30
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	14	8	15	21	1650

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	39	65
2022	First Nations	72	28	25
2022	Métis	50	50	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	68	32	2160

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	69	65
2022	First Nations	24	76	25
2022	Métis	41	59	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	62	2160

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	40	65
2022	First Nations	57	43	25
2022	Métis	59	41	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	43	2160

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	48	65
2022	First Nations	66	34	25
2022	Métis	38	62	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	53	2160

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	81	65
2022	First Nations	18	82	25
2022	Métis	12	88	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	2160

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	71	65
2022	First Nations	35	65	25
2022	Métis	25	75	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	61	2160

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	82	65
2022	First Nations	24	76	25
2022	Métis	14	86	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	77	2160

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	73	65
2022	First Nations	39	61	25
2022	Métis	20	80	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	59	2160

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	86	65
2022	First Nations	13	87	25
2022	Métis	14	86	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	81	2160

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	77	65
2022	First Nations	24	76	25
2022	Métis	24	76	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	67	2160

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	73	65
2022	First Nations	24	76	25
2022	Métis	33	67	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	67	2160

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	2	98	65
2022	First Nations	0	100	25
2022	Métis	5	95	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	2160

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	82	65
2022	First Nations	13	87	25
2022	Métis	22	78	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	2160

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	75	5	10	0	0	0	9	89	0	65
2022	First Nations	85	2	7	0	0	0	7	93	0	25
2022	Métis	67	9	12	0	0	0	13	86	0	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	66	16	4	2	3	1	8	90	5	2165

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	16	10	9	38	1	12	55	33	65
2022	First Nations	18	22	2	8	40	0	11	53	44	25
2022	Métis	8	13	18	12	32	2	15	53	25	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	13	17	16	34	4	11	58	22	2165

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	13	28	6	33	4	9	45	23	65
2022	First Nations	11	16	28	2	30	7	7	37	31	25
2022	Métis	4	12	29	10	31	2	13	48	18	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	23	19	15	26	5	3	44	35	2165

Top of page

Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	65	20	8	5	1	1	0	87	5	95
2022	First Nations	61	20	14	5	0	0	0	81	5	40
2022	Métis	66	26	1	5	1	1	0	92	6	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	30	6	5	3	1	1	86	8	2730
2020	Indigenous	50	32	6	9	2	1	0	83	11	131
2020	Métis	46	34	6	12	1	1	0	80	13	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	31	7	7	4	1	0	82	11	3095

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	3	22	7	39	5	18	60	11	100
2022	First Nations	5	0	21	10	34	6	23	63	7	40
2022	Métis	5	5	24	4	49	4	9	61	11	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	6	11	8	43	6	24	72	12	2725

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	51	6	13	3	0	77	17	100
2022	First Nations	22	52	3	22	1	0	74	23	40
2022	Métis	29	53	8	5	5	0	82	10	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	46	13	7	4	3	75	12	2735
2020	Indigenous	44	40	11	4	1	1	85	5	131
2020	Métis	56	34	7	3	0	0	90	3	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	43	10	3	1	1	86	4	3097
2019	Indigenous	38	30	13	11	8	0	68	19	164
2019	Métis	37	29	14	10	9	0	66	20	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	43	13	5	2	3	79	8	3633
2018	Indigenous	33	50	12	3	1	0	83	5	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	44	13	7	3	3	77	10	2721

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	3	22	38	32	4	100
2022	First Nations	4	16	30	43	8	40
2022	Métis	3	26	42	28	1	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	28	36	19	6	2730

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	73	14	5	4	1	3	0	90	5	100
2022	First Nations	73	14	2	8	0	3	0	90	8	40
2022	Métis	69	14	7	6	2	3	0	84	8	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	29	10	4	2	2	1	84	6	2735
2020	Indigenous	61	23	9	3	2	2	0	86	5	132
2020	Métis	66	21	11	1	1	0	0	87	2	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	29	13	4	3	3	1	79	7	3088

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	54	20	10	7	7	1	76	14	100
2022	First Nations	47	24	14	5	8	1	72	13	40
2022	Métis	56	18	6	6	12	1	75	19	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	27	9	11	8	1	72	19	2730
2020	Indigenous	44	29	11	10	6	0	73	16	132
2020	Métis	47	27	10	13	3	0	75	16	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	29	13	11	7	1	68	19	3093

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	41	14	10	3	1	72	13	100
2022	First Nations	33	34	14	14	3	2	68	17	40
2022	Métis	23	54	14	5	4	1	78	8	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	41	13	10	5	2	70	16	2735
2020	Indigenous	36	35	13	10	5	1	71	15	132
2020	Métis	36	38	9	11	5	1	75	16	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	37	17	9	4	1	70	13	3103
2019	Indigenous	31	27	17	13	12	0	58	25	164
2019	Métis	27	34	17	8	13	1	61	21	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	38	17	11	5	2	67	16	3646
2018	Indigenous	30	35	20	9	7	0	64	16	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	38	18	11	7	1	63	19	2734

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	53	24	7	0	4	0	67	8	25
2022	First Nations	16	60	15	0	0	9	0	84	0	10
2022	Métis	8	55	29	8	0	0	0	62	8	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	48	13	14	5	3	1	66	21	925
2020	Indigenous	15	49	9	20	0	7	0	69	21	32
2020	First Nations	33	32	0	25	0	9	0	72	28	11
2020	Métis	6	56	16	18	0	6	0	65	19	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	45	15	12	3	1	2	69	16	1016
2019	Indigenous	12	33	19	16	17	3	0	47	34	35
2019	First Nations	7	29	20	15	30	0	0	35	44	12
2019	Métis	17	31	19	18	10	5	0	50	29	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	45	17	11	4	2	3	67	16	1065

Work-related stress

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	31	12	6	16	0	4	64	23	95
2022	First Nations	37	24	8	5	25	0	0	62	30	35
2022	Métis	31	37	15	7	10	0	1	68	17	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	30	17	8	9	1	2	65	18	2715
2020	Indigenous	26	36	24	9	5	0	0	62	13	131
2020	Métis	26	28	29	11	7	0	0	54	17	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	33	17	8	5	0	1	70	13	3092
2019	Indigenous	29	26	23	9	13	0	0	55	22	162
2019	Métis	28	27	18	10	17	0	0	55	27	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	29	22	10	12	0	1	56	22	3643
2018	Indigenous	27	33	13	11	17	0	0	60	27	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	28	21	13	14	0	1	51	27	2729

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	25	24	11	9	6	53	21	95
2022	First Nations	27	25	17	11	14	5	55	27	40
2022	Métis	23	26	36	10	5	1	49	15	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	28	25	14	11	1	50	25	2725
2020	Indigenous	30	25	21	12	13	0	55	25	132
2020	Métis	32	14	27	15	13	0	46	27	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	29	26	16	9	0	48	25	3100
2019	Indigenous	36	28	18	10	7	0	64	17	162
2019	Métis	32	30	18	12	8	0	62	20	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	30	24	13	7	1	55	20	3645
2018	Indigenous	37	17	25	11	8	1	55	20	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	30	26	15	9	0	50	23	2729

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	30	14	11	6	1	3	68	17	95
2022	First Nations	40	31	9	14	6	0	0	71	20	40
2022	Métis	32	35	18	9	5	0	0	67	14	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	30	20	11	7	1	2	62	17	2720
2020	Indigenous	32	34	13	10	10	1	1	67	20	132
2020	Métis	30	36	12	9	11	1	0	67	20	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	32	20	11	6	0	1	63	17	3089
2019	Indigenous	52	24	12	6	6	0	0	77	12	162
2019	Métis	49	23	14	5	8	0	0	72	14	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	32	19	8	5	1	1	68	13	3627
2018	Indigenous	33	32	19	11	4	0	2	66	15	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	34	22	10	5	0	1	63	15	2718

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	30	17	9	10	0	3	63	20	100
2022	First Nations	41	33	10	3	13	0	0	74	16	40
2022	Métis	24	32	23	14	6	0	1	56	20	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	26	22	14	13	1	2	50	27	2725
2020	Indigenous	29	20	25	11	13	1	2	50	25	132
2020	Métis	27	23	21	13	13	1	2	51	27	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	28	22	14	11	1	1	53	25	3091
2019	Indigenous	46	16	16	10	11	0	1	63	21	162
2019	Métis	48	13	16	9	13	0	2	62	23	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	26	20	13	10	1	1	56	23	3631
2018	Indigenous	30	24	19	12	15	0	1	54	27	106
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	26	23	14	11	0	1	51	26	2718

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	16	13	5	4	7	77	10	100
2022	First Nations	61	12	13	6	5	3	75	11	40
2022	Métis	57	20	12	4	2	6	81	6	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	25	12	6	5	5	75	11	2725
2020	Indigenous	56	19	10	10	3	3	77	13	131
2020	Métis	54	19	11	9	4	4	76	13	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	27	14	8	5	3	72	14	3089
2019	Indigenous	63	20	11	2	2	1	84	5	161
2019	Métis	61	21	11	1	3	3	84	4	85
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	25	12	6	3	4	78	9	3627
2018	Indigenous	62	23	6	6	2	1	86	8	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	26	13	6	4	5	76	11	2716

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	25	20	13	7	0	3	58	21	100
2022	First Nations	42	23	18	11	6	0	0	65	17	40
2022	Métis	27	27	22	15	7	0	1	55	22	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	29	19	10	9	0	1	62	20	2725
2020	Indigenous	31	27	22	10	9	0	1	59	19	129
2020	Métis	25	28	31	9	6	0	1	53	15	68
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	29	21	14	9	0	0	56	23	3100
2019	Indigenous	37	25	21	9	7	1	0	63	16	162
2019	Métis	35	26	18	8	11	2	0	62	20	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	31	19	9	6	0	0	66	15	3641
2018	Indigenous	39	23	19	12	7	0	0	62	19	108
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	30	20	11	7	0	0	61	18	2724

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	30	10	6	6	3	4	76	13	100
2022	First Nations	49	29	5	5	6	5	0	83	12	40
2022	Métis	34	38	14	6	6	0	2	74	12	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	32	18	8	6	1	1	67	14	2725
2020	Indigenous	40	33	16	5	5	1	0	74	10	131
2020	Métis	41	27	24	6	2	0	0	68	8	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	37	19	7	4	1	1	70	11	3084
2019	Indigenous	45	27	14	6	6	1	0	73	12	163
2019	Métis	40	31	13	8	6	2	0	72	14	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	34	19	7	4	1	1	70	11	3638
2018	Indigenous	39	28	14	10	8	0	1	67	19	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	35	22	9	5	0	1	63	14	2723

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	24	18	6	12	3	3	62	19	100
2022	First Nations	43	17	17	3	15	5	0	63	19	40
2022	Métis	27	31	23	9	8	0	1	59	17	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	33	20	8	7	1	1	64	16	2730
2020	Indigenous	34	38	10	7	9	1	1	73	16	131
2020	Métis	28	38	12	8	9	1	2	69	18	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	37	20	10	4	0	1	66	14	3084
2019	Indigenous	44	26	10	11	7	1	1	72	18	163
2019	Métis	40	26	12	11	8	2	1	68	20	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	33	21	9	4	1	1	66	13	3636
2018	Indigenous	40	26	19	9	6	0	0	67	15	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	35	22	10	5	0	1	62	16	2724

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	32	10	10	5	0	3	74	16	100
2022	First Nations	45	30	6	14	4	0	0	76	18	40
2022	Métis	36	38	13	6	6	0	0	74	13	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	32	17	9	6	1	1	67	15	2725
2020	Indigenous	36	38	11	9	6	0	0	73	15	131
2020	Métis	35	32	10	15	8	0	0	67	23	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	34	19	9	4	0	1	68	13	3090
2019	Indigenous	39	31	15	7	9	0	0	70	15	162
2019	Métis	33	34	16	4	13	0	0	67	17	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	32	18	9	5	0	0	68	14	3636
2018	Indigenous	30	31	21	10	8	0	0	62	18	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	33	22	9	6	0	1	62	15	2715

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	18	8	6	6	0	6	79	12	95
2022	First Nations	70	14	4	3	4	0	5	89	7	40
2022	Métis	51	22	13	6	8	0	1	73	14	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	27	14	6	6	1	1	74	12	2725
2020	Indigenous	52	19	17	7	5	1	0	71	12	130
2020	Métis	46	15	24	11	5	0	0	60	16	69
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	28	13	8	6	0	1	72	14	3074
2019	Indigenous	48	21	17	6	8	0	0	69	14	162
2019	Métis	48	20	16	6	9	0	0	68	16	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	26	14	8	5	1	0	73	13	3632

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	62	22	4	5	5	0	3	86	10	100
2022	First Nations	65	17	3	9	5	0	0	83	14	40
2022	Métis	60	29	5	1	5	0	0	89	6	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	27	13	5	4	1	1	77	9	2730
2020	Indigenous	33	32	17	9	8	0	0	66	17	131
2020	Métis	27	35	19	11	8	0	0	61	20	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	34	22	11	6	0	0	61	17	3092

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	26	16	7	3	0	3	73	10	95
2022	First Nations	53	18	19	7	4	0	0	71	10	40
2022	Métis	37	40	15	5	3	0	0	77	9	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	33	18	8	4	1	1	69	13	2720
2020	Indigenous	34	30	17	10	8	0	0	64	19	131
2020	Métis	33	32	16	9	9	0	0	65	18	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	34	21	10	4	0	1	64	14	3090
2019	Indigenous	43	29	17	4	7	0	0	72	11	163
2019	Métis	40	31	16	5	8	1	0	71	13	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	33	16	7	3	0	1	74	10	3622
2018	Indigenous	35	37	18	6	5	0	0	71	11	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	33	20	10	4	0	1	66	14	2711

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	66	17	9	1	3	0	4	86	5	100
2022	First Nations	75	15	4	0	6	0	0	90	6	40
2022	Métis	62	19	13	3	1	0	3	83	4	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	24	9	4	4	1	2	82	8	2725
2020	Indigenous	55	23	13	4	5	0	0	77	10	129
2020	Métis	51	27	13	7	3	0	0	78	9	68
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	31	15	5	3	0	1	78	7	3077
2019	Indigenous	58	22	11	5	3	1	0	81	9	162
2019	Métis	52	29	10	4	6	0	0	81	9	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	24	11	4	3	0	1	82	7	3628
2018	Indigenous	47	28	15	7	3	0	0	75	10	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	52	26	12	5	3	0	1	80	8	2713

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	59	28	5	2	2	4	91	4	100
2022	First Nations	71	21	6	0	2	0	92	2	40
2022	Métis	54	35	2	4	2	3	91	6	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	30	10	2	2	1	86	5	2725
2020	Indigenous	31	43	15	5	7	0	73	12	131
2020	Métis	29	44	18	4	5	0	73	9	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	39	18	7	3	0	72	10	3077

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	79	5	6	1	3	0	7	90	4	100
2022	First Nations	83	1	9	0	1	0	6	89	1	40
2022	Métis	81	9	4	0	5	0	1	92	5	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	74	12	4	1	2	1	7	93	3	2725
2020	Indigenous	66	23	6	1	1	1	2	92	2	131
2020	Métis	66	22	7	0	3	0	2	90	3	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	68	19	6	2	1	1	3	90	4	3078
2019	Indigenous	79	5	7	1	3	1	4	88	5	163
2019	Métis	76	6	6	1	6	1	5	87	7	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	76	12	4	1	1	1	4	93	3	3628
2018	Indigenous	70	14	11	2	1	0	2	86	4	108
2018	Non-Indigenous	72	16	5	2	2	0	4	91	4	2712

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	78	11	4	2	2	0	3	92	4	100
2022	First Nations	90	6	1	0	1	0	2	98	1	40
2022	Métis	74	15	6	2	2	0	0	89	4	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	75	11	5	2	3	1	4	90	5	2725
2020	Indigenous	76	13	5	3	2	0	2	90	4	128
2020	Métis	73	10	9	4	1	0	2	86	5	69
2020	Non-Indigenous	76	11	5	3	2	1	2	90	5	3068
2019	Indigenous	69	18	5	5	2	1	1	88	7	164
2019	Métis	74	12	7	4	2	0	1	87	6	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	72	12	7	3	4	0	1	86	7	3629
2018	Indigenous	66	18	4	6	4	1	1	85	10	109
2018	Non-Indigenous	69	14	7	3	4	1	2	85	8	2705

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	67	22	4	2	2	1	3	93	4	100
2022	First Nations	80	16	3	0	2	0	0	95	2	40
2022	Métis	62	27	4	4	1	2	0	90	5	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	62	23	8	2	2	1	2	87	5	2725
2020	Indigenous	70	19	3	5	2	0	1	90	7	131
2020	Métis	63	24	3	6	3	0	1	87	10	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	23	8	3	2	0	1	87	5	3071
2019	Indigenous	60	24	10	4	2	0	0	85	6	163
2019	Métis	60	22	8	4	4	0	1	83	8	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	26	10	4	3	0	1	82	7	3624
2018	Indigenous	51	23	15	6	5	0	0	75	11	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	29	13	5	4	0	1	77	9	2720

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	73	13	5	2	4	1	3	89	6	95
2022	First Nations	84	9	2	1	5	0	0	93	6	40
2022	Métis	70	16	9	1	3	0	0	86	4	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	65	18	7	4	4	1	2	85	8	2720
2020	Indigenous	67	13	11	2	6	0	1	80	8	131
2020	Métis	70	7	15	1	5	0	1	78	6	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	19	9	4	4	0	1	83	8	3082
2019	Indigenous	66	15	7	6	6	0	0	81	12	164
2019	Métis	63	16	6	8	7	0	0	79	15	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	20	9	4	5	0	1	81	9	3613
2018	Indigenous	61	19	8	7	6	0	0	80	12	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	23	11	6	6	0	1	78	11	2710

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	63	9	4	2	1	0	21	92	4	100
2022	First Nations	69	9	5	0	0	0	17	94	0	40
2022	Métis	66	8	1	3	2	0	19	92	7	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	62	13	5	2	1	0	17	90	3	2720
2020	Indigenous	68	11	1	1	1	1	17	95	3	131
2020	Métis	64	13	0	2	1	1	18	96	4	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	62	14	5	2	1	0	16	90	3	3083
2019	Indigenous	66	11	4	1	2	0	16	92	4	163
2019	Métis	61	12	5	2	2	0	18	89	4	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	60	14	5	2	1	0	18	90	4	3599
2018	Indigenous	66	7	6	1	2	0	19	89	4	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	53	15	7	3	1	0	22	87	5	2706

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	73	15	5	3	1	0	5	92	3	100
2022	First Nations	87	9	0	0	2	0	3	98	2	40
2022	Métis	64	20	9	5	0	0	2	86	5	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	72	15	4	1	1	1	5	93	2	2715
2020	Indigenous	77	14	5	1	0	1	2	93	1	131
2020	Métis	76	15	6	0	0	1	1	94	0	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	74	15	4	1	1	0	3	93	2	3103
2019	Indigenous	78	12	5	1	1	2	3	93	2	162
2019	Métis	77	13	2	0	1	2	5	97	1	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	75	15	4	1	1	0	4	94	2	3619
2018	Indigenous	75	17	3	0	1	0	4	96	1	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	70	16	5	2	1	0	6	92	3	2715

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	70	13	2	2	8	0	5	88	11	100
2022	First Nations	83	5	2	0	7	0	3	90	8	40
2022	Métis	64	20	2	2	9	0	3	87	12	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	67	16	5	4	4	1	3	86	8	2730
2020	Indigenous	65	20	7	6	1	0	1	86	7	132
2020	Métis	58	23	10	7	1	0	1	82	9	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	65	18	8	3	4	1	1	85	7	3095
2019	Indigenous	67	12	11	3	6	0	3	80	9	163
2019	Métis	60	12	13	5	6	0	5	75	11	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	70	15	6	3	4	0	2	87	7	3627
2018	Indigenous	61	25	6	2	4	1	1	88	7	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	66	17	6	4	4	0	3	86	8	2719

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	23	21	4	0	1	4	74	4	100
2022	First Nations	51	17	26	4	0	0	3	69	4	40
2022	Métis	48	29	16	4	0	1	1	79	4	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	27	12	4	3	0	3	80	7	2730
2020	Indigenous	33	35	14	11	5	0	1	69	17	132
2020	Métis	38	36	14	11	1	0	0	74	12	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	31	15	5	2	0	1	77	8	3103
2019	Indigenous	49	31	12	1	5	0	1	82	7	162
2019	Métis	36	33	18	3	8	0	2	71	11	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	28	13	3	2	0	1	82	5	3615
2018	Indigenous	46	36	11	2	4	0	1	83	6	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	47	31	14	4	2	0	2	80	6	2716

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	46	34	6	4	1	0	55	11	100
2022	First Nations	10	44	34	7	5	0	0	55	11	40
2022	Métis	6	49	33	6	4	1	0	56	10	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	35	36	12	5	0	0	47	17	2735
2020	Indigenous	13	38	29	9	8	1	2	52	18	131
2020	Métis	10	44	27	8	7	0	4	57	16	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	35	35	13	3	0	0	48	17	3103
2019	Indigenous	23	36	25	8	8	0	0	59	16	164
2019	Métis	18	37	26	8	10	0	0	55	19	87
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	37	30	11	3	0	0	56	13	3650
2018	Indigenous	19	40	24	13	4	0	0	58	18	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	34	34	13	4	0	0	49	17	2733

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	16	39	20	15	0	1	35	25	100
2022	First Nations	10	17	36	15	22	0	0	37	27	40
2022	Métis	9	14	43	26	7	0	1	34	23	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	18	40	22	11	1	0	33	26	2730
2020	Indigenous	14	15	37	24	10	0	0	34	29	130
2020	Métis	16	12	35	31	6	0	0	37	28	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	19	39	24	9	0	0	33	28	3093
2019	Indigenous	13	12	38	18	20	0	0	38	24	161
2019	Métis	16	14	38	18	14	0	0	32	30	84
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	18	37	25	13	0	0	38	24	3628
2018	Indigenous	16	10	35	17	22	0	0	39	26	108
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	18	40	24	11	0	0	35	25	2712

Top of page

Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	52	18	3	100
2022	First Nations	29	55	16	0	40
2022	Métis	32	50	18	0	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	62	17	1	2735
2020	Indigenous	31	48	19	2	132
2020	Métis	36	45	19	0	71
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	57	20	1	3108

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	39	20
2022	Métis	77	23	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	51	505
2020	Indigenous	46	54	37
2020	Métis	54	46	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	57	690

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	23	8	5	10	1	16	73	17	100
2022	First Nations	36	22	12	2	10	0	19	72	14	40
2022	Métis	39	30	4	8	10	3	7	76	19	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	17	9	3	3	3	17	81	8	2735
2020	Indigenous	47	16	11	6	8	6	5	71	16	131
2020	Métis	44	23	8	6	7	6	7	77	14	70
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	19	11	5	4	2	11	78	10	3105
2019	Indigenous	46	18	13	6	12	2	4	67	19	162
2019	Métis	43	18	15	8	12	0	5	64	20	86
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	19	11	7	6	2	9	73	15	3591
2018	Indigenous	40	12	19	11	10	3	4	56	23	110
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	17	11	9	7	2	9	70	18	2728

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	18	16	18	31	0	4	32	52	20
2022	Métis	18	29	0	31	16	0	7	51	49	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	24	16	18	22	1	3	42	42	505
2020	Indigenous	24	22	12	17	17	0	9	51	36	37
2020	Métis	28	16	13	17	22	0	4	46	40	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	23	18	18	19	2	6	40	40	690

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	16	16	13	45	9	2	17	65	20
2022	Métis	0	26	0	21	53	0	0	26	74	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	20	13	26	27	1	4	30	56	505
2020	Indigenous	13	19	12	29	27	0	0	32	56	37
2020	Métis	17	11	14	23	36	0	0	28	59	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	19	18	22	28	1	4	29	52	689

Report a problem on this page

Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources