2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Department of National Defence by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Table of contents

Top of page

Employee engagement

Employee engagement

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 41 33 11 9 6 0 0 74 15 390
2022 First Nations 35 36 12 9 8 0 0 71 17 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 86 9 0 5 0 0 0 95 5 10
2022 Métis 45 33 9 7 5 0 0 79 12 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 38 12 7 5 0 0 76 13 11700
2020 Indigenous 39 33 10 12 7 0 0 72 19 488
2020 First Nations 36 31 12 13 8 0 0 67 21 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 50 11 6 33 0 0 0 61 33 15
2020 Métis 41 35 8 10 6 0 0 76 16 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 39 12 7 4 0 0 77 11 13267
2019 Indigenous 34 38 14 9 5 0 0 71 15 522
2019 First Nations 29 38 17 11 6 0 0 66 17 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 41 32 9 18 0 0 0 73 18 12
2019 Métis 38 38 11 8 4 0 0 76 13 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 39 12 7 5 0 0 75 12 12732
2018 Indigenous 36 37 12 7 8 0 0 73 15 406
2018 Non-Indigenous 35 41 12 8 5 0 0 75 13 9865

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 35 28 16 12 10 0 0 62 22 385
2022 First Nations 33 30 16 12 8 0 0 63 21 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 31 64 0 0 5 0 0 95 5 10
2022 Métis 40 24 15 13 8 0 0 64 21 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 35 13 10 8 0 0 70 18 11700
2020 Indigenous 30 31 14 11 14 0 0 61 25 489
2020 First Nations 27 30 16 11 16 0 0 57 27 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 56 12 13 6 13 0 0 68 20 15
2020 Métis 32 31 13 11 13 0 0 64 24 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 36 14 10 7 0 0 69 17 13249
2019 Indigenous 31 32 14 10 13 0 0 63 23 522
2019 First Nations 32 30 12 12 14 0 0 62 26 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 25 0 19 8 0 0 73 27 12
2019 Métis 30 33 16 8 12 0 0 64 20 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 36 15 10 8 0 0 67 18 12710
2018 Indigenous 27 32 17 14 11 0 0 59 25 410
2018 Non-Indigenous 28 37 15 11 8 0 0 66 20 9929

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 59 26 12 2 2 0 0 84 4 385
2022 First Nations 54 32 11 2 1 0 0 86 3 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 77 23 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2022 Métis 63 21 13 2 1 0 0 84 3 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 31 9 3 2 0 0 86 5 11695
2020 Indigenous 60 27 8 3 3 0 0 86 6 480
2020 First Nations 57 27 9 4 3 0 0 84 7 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 69 25 0 6 0 0 0 94 6 15
2020 Métis 63 25 8 2 2 0 0 87 4 257
2020 Non-Indigenous 57 31 8 2 2 0 0 88 4 13185
2019 Indigenous 59 27 9 4 2 0 0 86 5 521
2019 First Nations 60 25 12 2 2 0 0 84 4 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 77 16 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 12
2019 Métis 58 28 7 4 1 0 0 87 6 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 55 32 9 2 2 0 0 87 4 12653
2018 Indigenous 55 31 9 1 5 0 0 86 6 406
2018 Non-Indigenous 54 32 9 3 2 0 0 87 4 9885

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 47 33 9 7 4 0 0 81 11 385
2022 First Nations 49 31 8 8 3 0 0 80 12 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 77 16 0 7 0 0 0 93 7 10
2022 Métis 46 35 9 6 4 0 0 81 10 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 36 11 5 3 0 0 81 8 11700
2020 Indigenous 45 33 9 10 2 0 0 78 12 488
2020 First Nations 45 31 8 13 2 0 0 76 15 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 50 19 7 25 0 0 0 68 25 15
2020 Métis 46 34 11 7 2 0 0 80 9 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 36 9 5 2 0 0 83 7 13263
2019 Indigenous 45 34 12 4 5 0 0 79 9 522
2019 First Nations 43 37 11 4 6 0 0 80 10 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 49 44 0 0 8 0 0 92 8 12
2019 Métis 46 32 15 4 4 0 0 78 8 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 38 10 5 3 0 0 82 8 12727
2018 Indigenous 44 32 12 5 7 0 0 77 12 408
2018 Non-Indigenous 43 37 11 6 3 0 0 80 9 9939

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 36 30 15 10 8 0 0 67 18 390
2022 First Nations 35 32 17 10 6 0 0 67 16 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 62 17 15 5 0 0 0 80 5 10
2022 Métis 37 30 13 10 9 0 0 67 19 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 33 14 8 7 0 0 71 15 11705
2020 Indigenous 38 28 16 8 10 0 0 66 18 488
2020 First Nations 36 28 19 6 11 0 0 65 17 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 42 17 13 13 14 0 0 60 27 15
2020 Métis 39 29 13 9 9 0 0 69 18 263
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 32 14 8 5 0 0 73 13 13238
2019 Indigenous 38 26 17 9 9 0 0 64 18 523
2019 First Nations 38 23 20 10 8 1 0 61 18 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 24 41 9 8 18 0 0 65 26 12
2019 Métis 38 29 15 9 9 0 0 67 18 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 33 16 8 6 0 0 70 14 12684
2018 Indigenous 31 31 22 6 10 0 0 62 16 410
2018 Non-Indigenous 35 32 18 8 7 1 0 67 15 9961

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 36 33 12 10 9 0 0 69 19 390
2022 First Nations 32 37 13 10 8 0 0 69 18 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 62 25 8 5 0 0 0 87 5 10
2022 Métis 39 30 13 11 8 0 0 69 19 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 34 13 10 7 0 0 70 16 11705
2020 Indigenous 34 34 13 10 9 0 0 68 19 484
2020 First Nations 32 34 13 9 12 0 0 66 21 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 42 24 13 13 7 0 0 67 20 15
2020 Métis 36 35 11 9 8 0 0 71 17 260
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 34 14 8 5 0 0 73 13 13186
2019 Indigenous 35 30 17 9 9 0 0 65 18 518
2019 First Nations 37 26 17 11 8 0 0 64 19 204
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 24 41 9 16 10 0 0 65 26 12
2019 Métis 33 34 18 7 9 0 0 66 16 285
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 35 15 9 6 0 0 70 15 12641
2018 Indigenous 30 30 22 6 12 0 0 60 18 403
2018 Non-Indigenous 33 34 17 9 6 0 0 67 16 9927

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 35 25 14 13 10 1 0 62 24 385
2022 First Nations 34 28 14 13 10 1 0 63 24 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 52 35 8 5 0 0 0 87 5 10
2022 Métis 38 22 15 14 9 2 0 61 24 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 25 16 11 9 4 1 63 20 11705
2020 Indigenous 36 21 16 12 13 2 0 59 25 487
2020 First Nations 35 23 17 9 14 3 0 59 24 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 37 24 13 13 14 0 0 60 26 15
2020 Métis 38 20 15 14 12 1 0 59 26 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 25 16 9 7 2 1 67 16 13260
2019 Indigenous 36 21 17 11 12 3 0 58 24 524
2019 First Nations 37 20 18 12 11 3 1 58 23 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 17 58 0 18 8 0 0 74 26 12
2019 Métis 36 21 16 10 13 3 0 59 25 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 26 17 10 9 3 0 63 20 12716
2018 Indigenous 33 22 16 13 12 3 1 58 26 409
2018 Non-Indigenous 33 26 19 10 9 3 0 61 20 9969
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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 45 24 16 4 6 1 3 72 11 385
2022 First Nations 39 28 17 3 9 1 3 70 13 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 44 48 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2022 Métis 52 18 14 5 5 2 4 74 11 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 29 14 4 3 1 5 78 7 11700
2020 Indigenous 39 26 15 6 8 2 4 69 15 489
2020 First Nations 36 29 14 4 12 1 4 68 17 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 19 13 13 7 0 0 67 21 15
2020 Métis 42 24 15 6 6 3 3 71 13 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 27 16 4 4 1 4 74 8 13259
2019 Indigenous 35 26 20 6 7 1 5 65 13 521
2019 First Nations 36 25 20 6 8 1 3 64 15 203
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 32 52 8 0 8 0 0 84 8 12
2019 Métis 35 25 21 5 6 2 7 66 12 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 29 19 5 4 1 4 71 9 12741

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 42 27 8 10 10 2 1 71 21 385
2022 First Nations 42 29 10 8 10 1 0 71 18 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 47 37 0 16 0 0 0 84 16 10
2022 Métis 45 24 7 11 9 3 1 72 21 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 31 11 7 6 0 1 76 13 11680
2020 Indigenous 40 25 12 10 11 1 1 66 21 489
2020 First Nations 38 23 14 10 11 2 2 63 22 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 53 13 6 0 27 0 0 67 27 15
2020 Métis 41 28 10 10 10 1 0 70 20 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 31 11 7 5 0 0 76 12 13251
2019 Indigenous 38 29 12 10 10 0 1 68 20 519
2019 First Nations 35 30 13 9 13 0 0 65 22 203
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 40 52 0 0 8 0 0 92 8 12
2019 Métis 41 28 11 11 8 0 1 70 19 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 32 12 9 6 1 0 73 15 12689
2018 Indigenous 33 33 15 9 9 0 0 66 19 407
2018 Non-Indigenous 37 33 13 10 7 0 0 70 17 9903

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 47 28 8 8 8 1 0 75 16 385
2022 First Nations 43 30 11 5 9 1 0 75 14 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 57 43 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2022 Métis 51 26 7 8 7 0 0 78 15 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 26 10 6 6 0 0 78 12 11705
2020 Indigenous 50 23 11 7 9 1 0 73 16 489
2020 First Nations 44 26 12 3 13 1 0 71 17 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 59 14 13 14 0 0 0 73 14 15
2020 Métis 54 22 10 8 6 0 0 76 14 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 53 26 10 6 5 0 0 79 11 13283
2019 Indigenous 47 26 11 7 8 0 0 73 15 522
2019 First Nations 43 26 14 8 9 0 0 69 17 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 58 24 0 10 8 0 0 82 18 12
2019 Métis 50 26 9 7 8 0 1 77 14 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 29 12 7 5 0 0 75 13 12734
2018 Indigenous 36 32 15 9 8 0 0 68 16 409
2018 Non-Indigenous 42 28 13 8 8 0 0 71 16 9918

Senior management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 33 25 15 10 15 3 0 59 25 385
2022 First Nations 37 20 18 12 12 1 0 58 25 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 42 45 0 0 13 0 0 87 13 10
2022 Métis 35 26 11 10 13 5 0 65 24 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 31 15 9 8 4 0 67 18 11705
2020 Indigenous 34 24 17 11 10 4 0 60 22 489
2020 First Nations 34 22 17 10 10 6 0 60 22 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 54 13 0 20 14 0 0 67 33 15
2020 Métis 34 26 17 11 9 3 0 62 21 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 30 14 8 7 4 0 70 15 13275
2019 Indigenous 32 30 14 9 13 3 0 63 23 520
2019 First Nations 33 29 15 10 11 2 0 63 22 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 49 8 9 26 9 0 0 56 35 12
2019 Métis 30 32 14 7 14 3 0 64 21 285
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 33 17 10 7 3 0 64 18 12688
2018 Indigenous 27 31 16 9 13 4 0 60 23 411
2018 Non-Indigenous 27 31 18 11 9 4 0 61 21 10007

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 28 25 16 14 15 2 0 55 29 385
2022 First Nations 27 25 18 15 13 1 0 53 29 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 41 22 7 17 13 0 0 62 30 10
2022 Métis 35 24 11 14 13 3 0 61 28 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 31 16 12 11 2 0 60 23 11705
2020 Indigenous 30 27 16 12 15 1 0 57 27 487
2020 First Nations 28 31 14 10 15 2 0 60 25 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 54 13 0 7 26 0 0 67 33 15
2020 Métis 31 25 18 12 13 0 0 56 26 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 31 15 11 9 1 0 64 20 13235
2019 Indigenous 28 28 15 14 13 2 0 57 28 520
2019 First Nations 27 29 12 15 15 2 0 57 31 204
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 40 9 9 35 8 0 0 49 43 12
2019 Métis 29 28 17 12 12 1 0 58 25 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 26 32 18 13 10 1 0 58 23 12666
2018 Indigenous 25 29 19 10 15 2 0 55 26 411
2018 Non-Indigenous 24 31 18 14 12 1 0 55 26 9972

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 20 26 16 18 17 3 0 48 36 385
2022 First Nations 22 29 14 19 14 2 0 52 34 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 24 38 17 0 20 0 0 62 20 10
2022 Métis 24 23 17 17 14 4 0 50 32 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 29 20 15 13 3 0 50 29 11700
2020 Indigenous 22 27 17 17 15 1 0 50 33 489
2020 First Nations 22 26 17 17 16 2 0 50 33 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 31 36 0 0 33 0 0 67 33 15
2020 Métis 22 28 19 17 13 1 0 50 31 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 31 20 14 10 3 0 56 24 13241
2019 Indigenous 20 28 15 18 16 3 0 50 35 519
2019 First Nations 20 21 19 22 15 3 0 42 38 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 32 16 16 16 19 0 0 49 35 12
2019 Métis 19 35 12 16 16 2 0 55 32 284
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 29 22 16 12 3 0 49 29 12654
2018 Indigenous 18 27 19 17 16 3 0 46 34 411
2018 Non-Indigenous 16 28 22 17 14 3 0 46 32 9968

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 20 26 14 19 19 2 0 47 38 385
2022 First Nations 21 25 16 22 16 0 0 47 38 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 24 35 0 20 20 0 0 60 40 10
2022 Métis 23 27 14 16 16 3 0 52 33 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 31 17 17 14 2 0 51 32 11705
2020 Indigenous 20 29 17 18 16 1 0 49 34 490
2020 First Nations 19 26 20 18 16 2 0 46 34 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 42 19 19 0 20 0 0 61 20 15
2020 Métis 20 33 15 16 15 0 0 53 32 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 32 16 16 12 1 0 55 29 13265
2019 Indigenous 18 28 14 20 18 2 0 47 38 521
2019 First Nations 18 27 14 20 21 1 0 45 41 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 32 25 0 16 27 0 0 57 43 12
2019 Métis 17 31 15 19 15 2 0 49 35 286
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 30 19 19 14 2 0 47 34 12666
2018 Indigenous 15 27 19 18 19 1 0 43 38 411
2018 Non-Indigenous 14 29 19 20 17 2 0 44 37 9982
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Workforce

Performance management

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 27 31 11 11 19 0 0 58 30 390
2022 First Nations 26 34 13 8 18 0 1 61 26 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 29 29 9 33 0 0 0 58 33 10
2022 Métis 32 28 9 13 17 1 0 61 30 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 32 16 11 11 0 0 62 22 11700
2020 Indigenous 24 31 16 12 16 0 0 55 28 490
2020 First Nations 23 29 19 10 19 0 0 52 29 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 38 23 7 6 26 0 0 61 32 15
2020 Métis 26 34 15 13 13 0 0 59 26 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 35 16 12 8 0 0 64 20 13278
2019 Indigenous 25 31 17 15 12 0 0 56 27 524
2019 First Nations 24 30 18 13 14 0 0 55 27 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 35 0 9 8 0 0 83 17 12
2019 Métis 25 31 16 17 10 0 0 56 27 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 35 18 13 9 0 0 59 22 12727
2018 Indigenous 22 32 16 13 16 0 0 54 30 408
2018 Non-Indigenous 23 32 20 13 12 0 0 55 25 9905

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 35 38 9 12 6 0 0 73 17 385
2022 First Nations 33 39 10 12 6 0 0 72 18 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 60 35 0 0 5 0 0 95 5 10
2022 Métis 36 39 10 10 4 0 0 75 14 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 42 10 10 5 0 0 76 15 11695
2020 Indigenous 30 34 13 16 6 0 0 64 23 487
2020 First Nations 27 35 17 14 7 0 0 62 22 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 51 13 0 21 16 0 0 64 36 14
2020 Métis 33 35 11 17 5 0 0 68 21 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 42 12 10 4 0 0 73 15 13219
2019 Indigenous 25 42 13 13 8 0 0 67 20 522
2019 First Nations 23 43 11 16 8 0 0 66 23 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 32 50 0 0 18 0 0 82 18 12
2019 Métis 27 41 14 11 7 0 0 68 18 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 42 14 12 5 0 0 69 17 12689
2018 Indigenous 26 39 15 12 7 1 0 65 19 408
2018 Non-Indigenous 27 39 15 12 7 0 0 66 18 9912

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 38 30 10 11 10 0 0 69 22 390
2022 First Nations 40 30 10 8 12 1 0 71 19 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 42 32 0 25 0 0 0 75 25 10
2022 Métis 37 32 9 13 8 0 1 70 21 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 32 12 8 7 0 0 73 15 11705
2020 Indigenous 37 28 14 8 11 0 0 66 20 486
2020 First Nations 33 28 13 11 13 1 0 62 24 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 55 18 6 7 14 0 0 73 21 15
2020 Métis 41 30 14 6 9 0 0 71 15 262
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 31 14 8 6 0 0 72 14 13248
2019 Indigenous 38 26 17 9 9 0 1 64 19 520
2019 First Nations 37 29 14 11 8 0 0 66 19 204
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 44 47 0 0 9 0 0 91 9 11
2019 Métis 39 23 18 8 9 1 1 63 18 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 32 16 9 6 1 0 69 15 12720
2018 Indigenous 28 37 16 11 7 0 1 66 18 409
2018 Non-Indigenous 32 35 16 9 7 0 0 68 16 9936

Job fit and development

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 30 34 11 14 11 0 0 64 25 385
2022 First Nations 27 30 16 17 11 0 0 56 27 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 29 71 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2022 Métis 35 34 9 12 10 0 0 70 22 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 39 12 12 8 0 0 68 20 11685
2020 Indigenous 34 32 10 16 7 0 1 66 23 485
2020 First Nations 31 33 12 15 8 0 1 65 23 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 26 6 20 0 0 0 74 20 15
2020 Métis 36 33 8 16 6 0 1 70 22 261
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 38 13 12 5 0 1 70 17 13244
2019 Indigenous 27 37 12 13 11 0 0 64 24 523
2019 First Nations 28 33 12 14 12 0 0 62 27 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 56 26 8 10 0 0 0 82 10 12
2019 Métis 26 41 11 12 11 0 0 67 22 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 39 12 13 7 0 0 68 20 12698
2018 Indigenous 23 41 12 13 10 0 1 65 23 408
2018 Non-Indigenous 26 41 12 13 7 0 1 68 20 9929

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 46 21 11 9 9 1 2 70 19 390
2022 First Nations 44 23 14 8 8 2 1 69 17 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 50 45 0 5 0 0 0 95 5 10
2022 Métis 51 17 10 8 9 1 4 71 18 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 25 13 6 6 1 2 75 12 11695
2020 Indigenous 40 25 15 4 12 3 1 68 17 487
2020 First Nations 37 29 14 4 15 2 1 67 19 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 53 13 13 7 14 0 0 67 21 15
2020 Métis 43 23 16 4 8 3 2 70 13 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 25 15 6 6 1 2 73 11 13224

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 23 26 18 14 16 2 1 50 31 390
2022 First Nations 19 29 21 15 15 0 0 48 30 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 34 43 18 5 0 0 0 77 5 10
2022 Métis 31 22 16 11 15 3 2 56 27 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 33 17 12 10 2 0 60 23 11710
2020 Indigenous 25 24 20 14 14 3 1 51 29 490
2020 First Nations 22 21 23 13 16 4 0 46 30 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 56 11 6 13 14 0 0 67 27 15
2020 Métis 25 27 18 14 13 2 1 54 27 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 32 18 12 9 2 1 60 21 13238
2019 Indigenous 23 26 15 15 18 2 0 51 34 522
2019 First Nations 25 25 16 15 20 0 0 49 35 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 8 49 8 18 17 0 0 57 35 12
2019 Métis 23 28 15 15 17 2 0 52 33 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 32 18 14 12 2 0 55 26 12708
2018 Indigenous 19 30 18 15 17 1 0 49 32 410
2018 Non-Indigenous 21 31 19 14 13 2 0 53 27 9957

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 55 23 9 4 5 0 4 82 9 390
2022 First Nations 62 16 8 3 6 1 4 81 10 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 49 45 0 5 0 0 0 95 5 10
2022 Métis 51 26 9 5 4 1 5 81 10 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 22 11 4 4 1 6 81 8 11705
2020 Indigenous 53 22 10 6 4 1 3 79 11 489
2020 First Nations 55 16 10 9 3 1 5 76 13 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 56 18 13 0 13 0 0 74 13 15
2020 Métis 52 27 11 4 3 1 2 82 8 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 58 21 10 4 2 1 4 83 7 13280
2019 Indigenous 55 20 13 5 3 1 3 78 9 524
2019 First Nations 50 21 17 6 3 0 4 74 8 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 58 8 26 0 8 0 0 66 8 12
2019 Métis 59 20 8 5 3 2 2 83 9 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 58 22 10 3 2 1 4 84 5 12717

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 46 18 16 4 9 2 4 68 14 385
2022 First Nations 44 16 15 8 8 4 5 66 18 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 59 6 17 0 0 0 17 79 0 10
2022 Métis 51 17 14 2 10 2 4 73 12 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 23 14 6 6 2 5 73 12 11695
2020 Indigenous 39 22 18 9 9 2 2 63 18 490
2020 First Nations 41 16 17 14 7 3 2 60 22 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 45 34 14 0 7 0 0 79 7 15
2020 Métis 37 24 19 6 10 2 1 64 17 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 23 15 7 4 1 3 73 12 13262
2019 Indigenous 39 23 17 8 10 2 2 64 18 523
2019 First Nations 32 26 19 9 8 3 3 61 19 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 56 9 10 17 8 0 0 65 25 12
2019 Métis 43 22 16 6 10 1 2 67 16 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 24 16 7 5 2 4 71 13 12696

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 69 8 5 4 5 3 5 85 10 385
2022 First Nations 68 7 4 4 5 3 8 84 11 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 85 10 0 0 0 5 0 100 0 10
2022 Métis 69 9 7 2 3 4 5 86 6 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 72 9 5 2 3 3 6 89 6 11690
2020 Indigenous 65 11 7 3 6 4 3 82 10 489
2020 First Nations 63 8 9 5 7 4 3 77 13 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 80 0 6 14 0 0 0 80 14 15
2020 Métis 68 12 7 2 4 4 3 86 7 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 75 9 5 2 3 2 4 90 5 13223
2019 Indigenous 67 11 8 5 5 3 2 82 10 521
2019 First Nations 66 11 8 6 3 3 4 82 10 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 74 0 8 0 18 0 0 74 18 12
2019 Métis 67 11 7 5 6 4 1 82 11 286
2019 Non-Indigenous 72 10 5 3 3 3 4 88 6 12641

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 69 9 6 3 3 2 7 86 7 390
2022 First Nations 70 5 8 3 5 0 8 83 9 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 95 0 0 0 0 0 5 100 0 10
2022 Métis 66 12 5 3 2 3 7 88 6 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 70 10 4 2 2 2 10 91 4 11700
2020 Indigenous 65 12 7 4 6 3 4 82 11 488
2020 First Nations 67 7 5 6 9 2 5 79 16 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 82 0 13 0 0 0 6 87 0 15
2020 Métis 64 15 7 3 4 3 4 85 7 263
2020 Non-Indigenous 72 11 5 2 1 2 6 91 4 13233
2019 Indigenous 71 8 6 2 3 4 7 87 6 519
2019 First Nations 68 10 4 3 2 3 9 90 5 203
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 84 8 0 8 0 0 0 92 8 12
2019 Métis 73 6 8 1 4 4 4 86 6 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 73 9 4 2 2 2 9 92 4 12643

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 17 24 10 13 28 3 5 45 45 385
2022 First Nations 18 24 12 11 27 4 3 46 41 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 8 17 21 31 0 6 17 32 41 10
2022 Métis 17 25 8 14 28 2 6 45 46 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 27 13 13 19 2 6 50 36 11690
2020 Indigenous 20 17 16 13 30 2 2 38 44 488
2020 First Nations 18 17 18 12 31 2 2 36 45 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 49 19 5 7 20 0 0 68 26 15
2020 Métis 21 17 15 13 30 2 3 39 45 263
2020 Non-Indigenous 19 24 17 15 18 2 5 46 35 13267
2019 Indigenous 20 19 15 15 27 2 2 41 43 522
2019 First Nations 17 15 18 18 29 1 2 33 48 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 0 25 32 17 18 8 0 27 38 12
2019 Métis 22 22 13 13 25 2 2 46 40 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 17 25 17 15 21 2 4 45 38 12740
2018 Indigenous 16 22 17 11 31 1 3 39 43 408
2018 Non-Indigenous 16 24 17 15 23 2 4 42 40 9974

Empowerment

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 32 31 16 11 10 0 0 63 21 385
2022 First Nations 29 35 16 11 8 0 1 65 19 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 26 35 26 5 8 0 0 60 13 10
2022 Métis 38 29 15 10 8 0 0 67 18 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 37 12 9 7 0 0 72 16 11695
2020 Indigenous 30 37 11 10 12 0 0 66 23 483
2020 First Nations 27 39 9 11 15 0 0 65 26 193
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 18 26 6 14 0 0 54 20 15
2020 Métis 33 35 12 9 11 0 0 68 20 261
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 38 13 10 6 0 0 71 16 13217
2019 Indigenous 30 33 14 12 11 0 0 63 23 521
2019 First Nations 27 34 15 13 11 0 0 61 24 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 24 40 18 0 18 0 0 64 18 12
2019 Métis 34 32 13 10 11 0 0 66 22 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 38 13 11 7 0 0 69 18 12681
2018 Indigenous 25 39 12 12 12 0 0 64 24 409
2018 Non-Indigenous 28 39 14 11 8 0 0 66 19 9926

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 37 27 17 10 10 0 0 64 19 385
2022 First Nations 38 31 17 10 5 0 0 69 15 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 33 46 15 5 0 0 0 80 5 10
2022 Métis 42 22 14 10 11 0 0 64 22 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 33 14 8 7 0 0 72 14 11700
2020 Indigenous 36 28 16 9 11 0 0 64 20 490
2020 First Nations 34 26 16 9 15 0 0 61 24 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 50 5 13 25 7 0 0 55 32 15
2020 Métis 37 30 16 8 8 0 0 68 16 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 34 15 8 6 0 0 71 14 13253
2019 Indigenous 33 32 14 10 12 0 0 65 21 521
2019 First Nations 34 31 13 9 12 0 0 65 22 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 40 42 0 0 18 0 0 82 18 12
2019 Métis 32 33 14 10 11 0 0 65 21 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 34 16 9 7 0 0 68 16 12710
2018 Indigenous 32 30 13 12 13 0 0 62 25 408
2018 Non-Indigenous 31 34 17 10 8 0 0 65 18 9907

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 34 34 12 11 8 0 0 68 19 385
2022 First Nations 31 37 13 13 6 0 0 68 19 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 22 58 15 0 5 0 0 80 5 10
2022 Métis 42 27 12 11 8 0 0 69 19 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 35 14 9 7 0 0 70 16 11700
2020 Indigenous 31 37 13 11 9 0 0 67 20 486
2020 First Nations 30 33 14 12 10 0 0 63 23 193
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 42 25 6 13 13 0 0 68 26 15
2020 Métis 31 40 11 9 9 0 0 71 18 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 39 14 9 5 0 0 72 14 13197
2019 Indigenous 32 35 11 12 9 0 0 67 21 515
2019 First Nations 29 35 14 12 11 0 0 64 22 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 24 58 0 0 18 0 0 82 18 12
2019 Métis 35 35 9 13 7 1 0 70 20 280
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 39 15 10 5 0 0 70 16 12600
2018 Indigenous 28 34 16 12 10 0 0 63 22 407
2018 Non-Indigenous 29 35 16 11 8 0 0 64 19 9918

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 24 33 15 13 12 2 1 59 26 390
2022 First Nations 24 32 20 9 11 3 0 58 21 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 22 43 10 7 0 0 17 79 9 10
2022 Métis 26 35 12 16 10 2 0 62 26 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 39 17 10 7 2 1 66 17 11700
2020 Indigenous 23 38 17 12 8 2 0 63 20 489
2020 First Nations 24 34 17 14 9 1 0 59 24 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 25 42 7 18 7 0 0 67 26 15
2020 Métis 23 41 16 9 7 2 1 66 17 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 43 17 9 5 2 0 68 14 13255
2019 Indigenous 21 40 16 11 9 3 0 63 20 524
2019 First Nations 21 40 15 12 7 6 0 64 20 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 17 57 0 19 8 0 0 73 27 12
2019 Métis 21 40 17 10 9 2 0 63 20 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 42 19 10 5 3 0 64 16 12719
2018 Indigenous 18 37 20 10 13 2 0 56 23 408
2018 Non-Indigenous 19 37 23 10 8 2 0 58 19 9969

Work-life balance and workload

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 48 26 11 9 6 0 0 74 15 390
2022 First Nations 43 34 9 9 6 0 0 76 14 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 53 42 0 5 0 0 0 95 5 10
2022 Métis 55 19 11 9 6 0 0 74 15 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 31 9 6 5 0 0 79 12 11705
2020 Indigenous 43 29 10 8 9 0 0 73 17 487
2020 First Nations 43 28 10 7 12 0 0 71 18 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 69 5 0 6 20 0 0 74 26 15
2020 Métis 44 32 10 9 6 0 0 76 14 262
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 31 10 7 4 0 0 78 11 13238
2019 Indigenous 46 27 12 7 6 0 0 74 14 521
2019 First Nations 43 29 14 8 6 0 0 72 14 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 65 8 0 8 19 0 0 73 27 12
2019 Métis 49 27 11 7 6 0 0 76 13 286
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 32 11 6 5 0 0 78 11 12703
2018 Indigenous 38 31 11 11 8 0 0 70 19 408
2018 Non-Indigenous 42 34 12 7 5 0 0 76 11 9906

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year Demographic Always/almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 37 35 15 7 5 0 1 72 12 390
2022 First Nations 37 34 19 5 5 0 0 71 10 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 30 37 19 15 0 0 0 66 15 10
2022 Métis 37 36 13 7 6 0 1 74 13 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 31 15 7 5 0 1 73 12 11710
2020 Indigenous 39 31 16 8 6 0 0 70 14 484
2020 First Nations 39 31 17 8 5 0 0 70 13 193
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 24 13 15 0 0 0 72 15 15
2020 Métis 39 33 13 8 6 0 0 72 14 262
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 33 15 7 5 0 0 73 12 13199
2019 Indigenous 47 26 16 6 6 0 0 73 11 518
2019 First Nations 47 19 19 7 7 0 0 67 14 202
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 81 9 0 0 10 0 0 90 10 12
2019 Métis 44 32 13 5 4 0 0 77 10 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 32 17 6 4 0 1 72 11 12588
2018 Indigenous 39 30 19 5 6 0 1 70 11 413
2018 Non-Indigenous 39 32 16 8 5 0 1 71 13 10006

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 55 19 8 4 7 2 5 80 12 385
2022 First Nations 54 18 11 3 7 2 5 77 11 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 85 5 0 0 10 0 0 90 10 10
2022 Métis 58 21 7 5 5 1 3 82 10 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 22 7 3 5 2 4 84 8 11705

Mobility and retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Unsure
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 31 39 30 390
2022 First Nations 35 38 28 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 27 49 24 10
2022 Métis 28 40 32 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 38 28 11705
2020 Indigenous 24 39 37 490
2020 First Nations 21 41 37 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 46 36 18 15
2020 Métis 26 36 38 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 46 32 13297
2019 Indigenous 25 41 34 524
2019 First Nations 24 45 31 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 24 34 42 12
2019 Métis 25 38 37 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 43 32 12752
2018 Indigenous 24 41 35 414
2018 Non-Indigenous 24 44 32 10012

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Yes, to retire
(%)		 Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)		 Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)		 Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)		 Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment
(%)		 Yes, other reason Specify other reason
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 19 37 22 8 4 10 125
2022 First Nations 7 46 31 7 2 7 50
2022 Métis 25 32 15 8 6 13 65
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 31 23 7 6 8 4065
2020 Indigenous 27 26 24 12 2 9 123
2020 Métis 26 26 28 16 1 3 68
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 31 24 4 3 7 3095
2019 Indigenous 20 35 29 3 7 6 133
2019 Métis 20 32 28 2 12 6 72
2019 Non-Indigenous 26 29 25 5 9 6 3223
2018 Indigenous 22 25 27 6 7 13 106
2018 Non-Indigenous 29 27 25 5 7 6 2497
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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 52 32 6 6 4 0 0 84 10 385
2022 First Nations 51 31 7 6 5 0 0 82 10 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 52 48 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2022 Métis 57 28 6 7 3 0 0 85 10 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 37 8 5 3 0 0 84 7 11680
2020 Indigenous 46 32 12 5 6 0 0 78 11 485
2020 First Nations 43 32 14 5 5 0 0 75 11 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 69 18 0 13 0 0 0 87 13 15
2020 Métis 47 33 10 5 5 0 0 80 10 261
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 38 10 4 2 0 0 83 7 13232
2019 Indigenous 40 37 12 6 4 1 0 78 10 522
2019 First Nations 39 39 12 6 4 1 0 78 10 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 68 24 0 0 8 0 0 92 8 12
2019 Métis 41 36 13 6 4 0 0 77 10 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 40 11 5 3 0 0 81 8 12683
2018 Indigenous 46 38 10 2 4 1 0 84 6 411
2018 Non-Indigenous 43 41 9 4 3 0 0 84 7 9960

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 22 36 16 16 8 1 1 59 24 385
2022 First Nations 21 37 14 18 9 2 0 58 27 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 25 12 19 43 0 0 0 38 43 10
2022 Métis 26 37 16 12 5 1 2 65 18 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 41 17 10 7 1 0 66 17 11705
2020 Indigenous 27 34 19 12 8 0 0 61 20 488
2020 First Nations 23 31 23 10 13 0 0 54 23 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 20 6 12 14 0 0 68 26 15
2020 Métis 30 37 16 13 4 0 0 67 17 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 40 18 9 4 1 0 68 14 13256
2019 Indigenous 25 36 19 12 7 1 0 62 19 523
2019 First Nations 24 33 19 14 9 1 0 57 23 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 24 51 8 8 10 0 0 74 18 12
2019 Métis 25 39 19 10 6 1 0 64 16 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 40 19 11 5 1 0 65 16 12732
2018 Indigenous 22 35 20 13 9 0 0 57 22 407
2018 Non-Indigenous 21 39 20 12 7 1 0 61 19 9975

Organizational performance

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 11 20 39 20 7 1 3 27 32 385
2022 First Nations 14 22 36 18 8 0 1 26 37 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 0 5 70 17 0 0 8 18 6 10
2022 Métis 8 18 42 21 7 2 2 29 27 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 24 35 20 10 1 2 30 34 11670
2020 Indigenous 14 27 30 18 10 0 1 27 42 487
2020 First Nations 13 28 32 16 10 0 1 26 41 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 14 19 30 19 18 0 0 37 33 15
2020 Métis 14 28 29 19 9 0 1 28 42 262
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 25 36 20 8 0 1 28 36 13272
2019 Indigenous 12 27 31 20 8 1 1 29 39 524
2019 First Nations 14 31 31 18 6 0 1 24 45 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 10 18 8 56 8 0 0 64 28 12
2019 Métis 11 25 32 21 10 0 1 31 36 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 27 35 18 8 1 1 27 38 12720
2018 Indigenous 14 26 33 16 10 1 0 26 41 411
2018 Non-Indigenous 11 26 34 18 8 1 1 27 38 9994

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 19 22 32 15 7 1 3 23 43 385
2022 First Nations 19 28 30 13 9 0 2 22 47 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 5 22 48 0 0 0 25 0 36 10
2022 Métis 18 20 32 17 8 2 2 26 40 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 27 29 14 8 1 3 23 47 11680
2020 Indigenous 18 22 30 19 9 0 2 28 41 486
2020 First Nations 20 15 33 20 10 1 1 30 36 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 20 21 12 35 13 0 0 48 40 15
2020 Métis 16 28 30 17 7 0 2 25 45 261
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 25 30 17 9 1 1 26 43 13220
2019 Indigenous 20 26 26 15 11 1 1 27 47 524
2019 First Nations 19 32 23 13 10 2 1 24 53 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 28 17 24 31 0 0 0 31 44 12
2019 Métis 20 22 28 16 12 1 1 29 43 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 27 28 14 8 1 2 23 48 12694
2018 Indigenous 20 25 26 15 10 1 2 26 47 410
2018 Non-Indigenous 22 26 27 13 8 1 2 22 50 9963

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 6 11 31 33 13 2 3 49 18 385
2022 First Nations 7 10 30 34 14 3 2 50 18 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 7 5 10 70 0 0 8 76 14 10
2022 Métis 5 11 34 32 14 2 3 48 16 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 12 30 31 19 1 3 51 18 11655
2020 Indigenous 5 17 25 34 16 1 2 51 23 485
2020 First Nations 5 15 22 35 19 0 2 56 21 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 0 7 26 42 25 0 0 67 7 15
2020 Métis 4 19 27 34 13 1 1 48 24 261
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 12 30 34 16 1 1 51 18 13200
2019 Indigenous 6 11 26 33 21 1 2 56 17 521
2019 First Nations 4 14 24 33 22 1 1 56 18 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 9 0 27 48 16 0 0 64 9 12
2019 Métis 8 9 27 32 22 1 2 55 17 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 13 31 31 17 1 2 49 19 12655
2018 Indigenous 7 14 29 27 19 1 3 48 22 412
2018 Non-Indigenous 6 14 32 31 15 1 2 46 21 9931

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 18 25 24 16 12 1 4 30 45 385
2022 First Nations 18 23 25 17 15 0 2 33 42 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 6 11 47 20 9 0 8 31 18 10
2022 Métis 19 25 23 16 12 1 4 30 47 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 22 26 17 14 1 3 32 41 11670
2020 Indigenous 20 19 28 21 11 1 1 32 39 484
2020 First Nations 17 21 24 24 11 1 2 36 39 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 21 0 26 35 18 0 0 53 21 15
2020 Métis 23 16 31 19 10 1 1 29 40 261
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 21 28 23 13 1 1 36 35 13244
2019 Indigenous 19 22 26 16 15 0 1 32 42 524
2019 First Nations 19 22 29 13 16 1 0 29 41 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 9 10 16 49 16 0 0 65 19 12
2019 Métis 20 24 24 17 15 0 1 32 43 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 22 29 18 12 1 2 31 39 12703
2018 Indigenous 24 23 21 16 13 2 1 30 49 414
2018 Non-Indigenous 18 25 27 17 11 1 2 28 45 9972

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 15 19 25 19 14 4 4 36 37 385
2022 First Nations 18 22 21 18 15 2 3 35 43 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 13 10 18 26 0 17 17 39 34 10
2022 Métis 13 17 28 21 15 4 3 38 32 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 20 25 19 15 3 5 37 36 11675
2020 Indigenous 11 15 26 26 19 1 2 46 27 489
2020 First Nations 9 14 27 27 21 1 1 49 23 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 20 0 31 36 13 0 0 49 20 15
2020 Métis 12 17 25 24 18 1 3 44 30 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 17 24 27 18 2 2 47 27 13201
2019 Indigenous 15 20 23 21 19 1 2 41 36 524
2019 First Nations 14 23 25 16 20 1 1 37 37 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 0 0 25 59 16 0 0 75 0 12
2019 Métis 16 18 21 23 18 1 2 43 35 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 19 26 23 15 2 2 40 33 12670
2018 Indigenous 14 22 22 24 14 3 2 39 38 415
2018 Non-Indigenous 13 20 26 22 15 2 2 39 34 9938

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 19 25 26 17 8 2 3 26 46 385
2022 First Nations 21 27 27 19 5 1 1 24 48 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 13 17 18 10 0 8 34 17 52 10
2022 Métis 18 24 26 17 11 3 2 29 44 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 23 29 15 10 2 3 26 43 11680
2020 Indigenous 17 20 31 19 10 1 2 30 38 483
2020 First Nations 19 17 31 17 13 2 2 31 37 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 16 7 36 20 21 0 0 41 23 13
2020 Métis 16 22 30 21 7 1 2 29 40 260
2020 Non-Indigenous 15 22 31 18 11 2 1 30 38 13218
2019 Indigenous 16 21 30 18 13 1 1 31 38 524
2019 First Nations 17 22 31 13 13 3 1 27 40 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 10 25 9 48 0 0 8 52 38 12
2019 Métis 15 22 28 20 14 0 1 34 37 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 17 24 30 16 10 2 2 27 42 12678
2018 Indigenous 19 24 30 14 8 2 3 24 45 413
2018 Non-Indigenous 19 24 29 14 9 2 2 24 45 9971

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 10 18 33 23 12 1 4 36 30 390
2022 First Nations 11 20 38 22 8 0 2 30 31 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 0 33 8 14 12 9 25 38 50 10
2022 Métis 10 14 34 23 14 1 3 39 25 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 17 34 24 13 1 3 38 26 11690
2020 Indigenous 9 22 34 23 10 1 1 33 32 487
2020 First Nations 9 23 32 24 10 1 1 34 32 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 12 15 25 30 18 0 0 48 27 15
2020 Métis 9 21 37 22 9 1 1 32 31 262
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 18 36 25 12 1 1 37 27 13248
2019 Indigenous 12 17 33 21 15 1 2 37 29 522
2019 First Nations 11 19 36 15 16 1 2 33 31 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 9 27 0 49 8 0 8 62 38 12
2019 Métis 12 14 33 25 14 1 1 40 27 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 18 33 24 12 1 2 38 29 12710

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 12 32 19 20 16 2 0 45 36 390
2022 First Nations 11 35 25 16 12 1 0 46 28 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 8 35 0 37 20 0 0 42 58 10
2022 Métis 14 31 17 21 15 2 0 45 37 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 31 21 20 12 2 0 46 33 11705
2020 Indigenous 16 34 18 19 12 1 0 51 31 484
2020 First Nations 14 34 18 22 11 1 0 48 34 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 42 11 0 19 28 0 0 53 47 15
2020 Métis 17 36 18 16 12 1 0 54 28 261
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 34 22 17 8 1 0 52 26 13219
2019 Indigenous 13 33 20 20 12 1 0 47 33 518
2019 First Nations 15 29 18 24 13 1 0 44 38 204
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 8 41 18 16 18 0 0 49 34 12
2019 Métis 12 35 21 18 11 2 0 49 30 285
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 32 23 20 11 2 0 46 31 12688

Diversity and inclusion

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 44 21 8 12 14 1 0 65 27 385
2022 First Nations 46 22 6 12 15 0 0 67 27 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 61 27 0 13 0 0 0 87 13 10
2022 Métis 45 19 10 13 11 1 0 66 25 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 30 9 9 8 1 0 74 16 11695
2020 Indigenous 34 28 9 13 16 0 0 62 29 490
2020 First Nations 30 28 11 13 19 0 0 58 32 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 41 25 12 7 14 0 0 67 21 15
2020 Métis 37 27 8 13 14 1 0 65 27 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 31 11 10 7 1 0 71 18 13250
2019 Indigenous 36 27 12 11 13 0 0 64 24 521
2019 First Nations 34 28 11 13 14 1 0 62 26 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 56 17 9 0 18 0 0 73 18 12
2019 Métis 37 28 14 10 11 0 0 65 21 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 31 11 11 8 0 0 69 19 12705
2018 Indigenous 29 27 15 14 15 0 0 56 29 404
2018 Non-Indigenous 33 32 12 12 10 1 0 66 22 9949

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 45 29 8 10 8 0 0 74 18 390
2022 First Nations 49 24 7 11 8 0 0 73 19 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 42 50 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 10
2022 Métis 47 30 8 10 5 1 0 77 15 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 34 8 7 4 0 0 81 11 11690
2020 Indigenous 37 33 10 11 8 0 0 71 19 489
2020 First Nations 34 31 11 15 7 0 0 66 23 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 20 19 6 7 0 0 67 14 15
2020 Métis 40 35 8 8 10 1 0 75 17 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 35 9 8 3 0 0 80 11 13226
2019 Indigenous 36 34 11 12 7 0 0 69 19 521
2019 First Nations 37 30 12 13 9 0 0 67 22 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 56 17 0 9 18 0 0 73 27 12
2019 Métis 34 38 11 13 5 0 0 71 18 286
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 36 10 9 4 0 0 77 13 12699
2018 Indigenous 32 35 12 12 9 0 0 67 21 406
2018 Non-Indigenous 37 39 11 8 5 0 0 76 13 9933

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 40 32 14 9 6 0 0 72 14 390
2022 First Nations 44 28 12 7 9 0 0 72 16 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 43 57 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2022 Métis 43 30 13 11 2 0 0 74 13 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 37 11 6 4 1 0 80 9 11695
2020 Indigenous 36 37 10 9 7 1 0 73 16 486
2020 First Nations 29 41 13 9 7 1 0 70 17 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 41 51 0 9 0 0 0 91 9 14
2020 Métis 42 32 8 9 6 1 0 76 16 263
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 39 13 6 3 1 0 78 9 13148
2019 Indigenous 34 32 17 9 7 1 0 67 16 523
2019 First Nations 37 29 14 11 8 1 0 67 19 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 49 33 0 0 18 0 0 82 18 12
2019 Métis 32 34 19 8 5 1 1 68 13 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 40 14 6 3 1 0 76 10 12712
2018 Indigenous 27 39 16 7 9 1 0 68 16 408
2018 Non-Indigenous 32 41 15 6 4 1 0 74 11 9950

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 32 31 17 9 10 2 0 64 19 390
2022 First Nations 29 33 18 9 8 3 1 65 17 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 31 49 8 5 0 7 0 86 6 10
2022 Métis 38 27 17 8 8 2 0 66 16 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 38 14 7 5 2 0 73 13 11700
2020 Indigenous 33 33 16 10 6 1 0 67 17 488
2020 First Nations 31 32 17 10 9 2 0 64 19 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 30 6 20 7 0 0 66 28 15
2020 Métis 36 34 14 10 4 1 1 71 14 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 38 15 7 3 2 0 74 10 13214
2019 Indigenous 33 32 17 9 7 3 0 67 16 520
2019 First Nations 34 32 15 9 7 3 0 68 16 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 27 44 9 20 0 0 0 71 20 11
2019 Métis 32 33 18 8 7 2 0 66 16 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 40 16 7 4 2 0 73 11 12682
2018 Indigenous 33 35 16 8 6 1 0 70 14 408
2018 Non-Indigenous 35 39 15 6 3 1 0 75 9 9959

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 35 27 17 9 3 7 2 68 13 385
2022 First Nations 34 28 19 7 5 7 0 66 13 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 33 32 8 0 0 26 0 90 0 10
2022 Métis 38 29 14 8 2 7 3 74 11 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 37 16 5 3 6 1 74 9 11695
2020 Indigenous 37 29 20 5 5 3 1 69 10 488
2020 First Nations 35 29 22 8 5 2 0 65 13 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 42 32 12 6 7 0 0 74 14 15
2020 Métis 40 28 19 3 4 4 2 72 8 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 34 16 5 3 3 1 75 8 13246
2019 Indigenous 36 31 19 5 8 2 0 68 13 519
2019 First Nations 37 30 15 6 8 3 0 70 14 204
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 41 32 9 10 8 0 0 73 18 12
2019 Métis 35 31 21 4 8 1 0 67 11 286
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 35 17 4 3 3 1 74 8 12678
2018 Indigenous 36 33 17 7 5 1 1 71 12 409
2018 Non-Indigenous 37 36 17 4 3 3 0 75 7 9959

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 44 36 8 8 4 0 0 80 12 390
2022 First Nations 42 42 8 6 2 0 0 84 8 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 62 25 8 5 0 0 0 87 5 10
2022 Métis 52 28 7 9 4 0 0 80 13 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 35 7 6 3 0 0 84 9 11705
2020 Indigenous 46 30 10 8 5 0 0 76 14 487
2020 First Nations 44 31 11 12 3 0 0 74 15 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 32 6 6 7 0 0 80 14 15
2020 Métis 49 29 9 6 6 1 0 79 12 263
2020 Non-Indigenous 51 34 8 5 3 0 0 84 7 13238
2019 Indigenous 46 31 10 7 6 0 0 78 13 523
2019 First Nations 49 26 12 7 4 1 0 76 12 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 58 24 0 0 18 0 0 82 18 12
2019 Métis 43 36 9 6 6 0 0 79 12 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 36 10 5 4 0 0 81 9 12705
2018 Indigenous 39 36 12 5 7 0 0 75 13 410
2018 Non-Indigenous 43 37 10 5 4 0 0 81 9 9952

Anti-racism

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 47 25 7 9 6 4 2 77 16 385
2022 First Nations 47 25 6 7 9 4 3 76 17 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 41 52 0 7 0 0 0 93 7 10
2022 Métis 49 24 8 9 3 5 2 78 13 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 28 11 5 4 5 3 78 10 11700

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 45 25 10 9 5 4 2 74 15 390
2022 First Nations 41 29 10 8 6 3 2 75 15 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 34 51 8 7 0 0 0 85 7 10
2022 Métis 48 22 11 9 4 5 2 75 14 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 28 12 5 4 5 3 77 10 11705

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 34 20 19 10 6 10 1 61 18 390
2022 First Nations 28 23 26 9 4 9 0 57 15 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 27 34 30 0 0 9 0 67 0 10
2022 Métis 39 17 15 10 6 11 2 65 18 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 25 20 6 3 12 2 66 11 11710
2020 Indigenous 36 29 20 7 4 4 1 68 12 490
2020 First Nations 33 30 22 8 5 3 0 64 13 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 42 23 0 20 15 0 0 65 35 15
2020 Métis 40 28 19 5 3 5 1 71 9 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 33 17 4 2 4 1 76 7 13262

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 48 25 8 7 7 4 1 77 15 385
2022 First Nations 49 24 10 7 5 4 1 77 13 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 41 45 0 7 8 0 0 85 15 10
2022 Métis 52 23 5 7 7 4 2 79 15 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 32 10 5 4 5 3 80 9 11685
2020 Indigenous 43 26 14 8 7 1 1 70 15 489
2020 First Nations 41 26 15 9 8 1 0 68 17 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 50 30 0 6 14 0 0 80 20 15
2020 Métis 45 26 14 7 6 1 1 73 13 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 31 11 4 3 3 1 80 8 13237

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 13 16 27 6 9 25 4 41 20 385
2022 First Nations 15 19 22 7 9 22 5 47 22 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 8 12 46 0 0 26 8 30 0 10
2022 Métis 13 15 29 3 6 29 5 42 14 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 18 28 4 5 31 5 42 14 11690

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 0 8 41 51 0 0 0 92 10
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 14 24 19 32 9 0 17 56 150
2020 Indigenous 0 8 20 28 32 12 0 9 69 17
2020 Non-Indigenous 2 7 25 17 38 9 1 10 62 142

Ethical workplace

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 24 27 15 12 15 5 2 54 29 390
2022 First Nations 29 27 12 9 17 3 2 59 28 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 22 49 15 5 0 9 0 78 6 10
2022 Métis 24 25 17 15 12 6 2 53 29 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 32 17 10 9 4 3 61 20 11695
2020 Indigenous 21 27 17 13 17 3 2 51 32 488
2020 First Nations 21 24 15 16 19 2 4 47 37 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 13 36 18 6 15 6 6 55 24 15
2020 Métis 21 31 18 10 16 3 1 54 27 263
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 33 19 11 8 3 2 60 20 13260
2019 Indigenous 24 29 18 13 13 2 1 55 27 522
2019 First Nations 26 26 20 12 13 3 0 53 26 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 40 16 26 8 10 0 0 56 18 12
2019 Métis 23 33 16 14 12 2 0 57 27 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 32 19 11 9 3 2 59 22 12714
2018 Indigenous 17 31 23 11 14 2 2 50 27 409
2018 Non-Indigenous 19 33 21 12 11 3 2 54 24 9970

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 36 30 12 11 8 3 0 68 20 390
2022 First Nations 35 33 12 11 8 2 0 70 18 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 39 44 0 10 0 7 0 89 11 10
2022 Métis 39 27 13 9 7 4 0 70 17 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 36 15 10 7 2 1 68 17 11700
2020 Indigenous 32 34 13 8 10 2 0 68 19 488
2020 First Nations 27 34 17 8 11 2 0 63 20 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 18 14 0 20 0 0 66 20 15
2020 Métis 35 35 10 9 9 2 1 72 18 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 36 14 8 5 2 1 71 14 13263
2019 Indigenous 31 32 15 11 9 1 1 64 20 524
2019 First Nations 29 37 17 8 8 1 1 67 16 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 59 23 0 18 0 0 0 82 18 12
2019 Métis 31 31 14 12 10 2 1 63 22 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 37 16 10 6 2 1 67 17 12721
2018 Indigenous 29 39 13 12 7 0 0 68 19 407
2018 Non-Indigenous 28 38 15 10 6 1 1 68 16 9969

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 32 35 13 9 9 2 0 69 18 390
2022 First Nations 33 40 10 8 8 1 0 74 16 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 44 51 5 0 0 0 0 95 0 10
2022 Métis 37 30 12 10 7 4 0 69 18 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 37 17 7 6 1 0 69 13 11700
2020 Indigenous 32 31 20 11 7 0 0 63 18 486
2020 First Nations 28 29 21 14 8 1 0 57 22 193
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 11 14 13 14 0 0 59 26 15
2020 Métis 35 33 17 8 6 0 0 69 14 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 36 16 7 4 1 0 72 11 13233
2019 Indigenous 31 31 20 9 8 0 0 62 17 523
2019 First Nations 33 31 20 8 9 0 0 64 16 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 49 24 9 18 0 0 0 73 18 12
2019 Métis 27 34 21 10 8 1 0 61 18 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 37 20 8 5 1 0 67 13 12703
2018 Indigenous 29 34 20 7 10 0 0 63 17 407
2018 Non-Indigenous 30 36 19 8 6 1 0 66 14 9955

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 32 21 15 13 15 4 1 55 30 385
2022 First Nations 33 22 11 14 15 5 1 59 30 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 24 16 37 17 5 0 0 41 23 10
2022 Métis 33 22 14 14 13 4 0 58 28 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 29 16 10 10 7 2 60 22 11705
2020 Indigenous 28 24 16 11 18 4 0 54 30 489
2020 First Nations 25 22 16 12 19 6 0 50 33 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 37 17 6 7 28 6 0 57 37 15
2020 Métis 31 25 16 10 15 3 0 57 26 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 29 17 11 10 6 1 60 22 13250
2019 Indigenous 24 27 18 11 16 3 0 53 28 523
2019 First Nations 26 27 18 12 13 3 0 55 26 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 9 48 0 17 18 8 0 62 38 12
2019 Métis 23 27 19 11 17 3 0 51 29 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 28 20 12 11 6 1 54 25 12707
2018 Indigenous 19 30 18 13 17 3 1 51 31 409
2018 Non-Indigenous 21 29 20 13 12 5 1 53 26 9964

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 31 40 6 14 9 0 0 71 23 385
2022 First Nations 27 36 9 14 13 0 0 63 27 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 33 62 0 5 0 0 0 95 5 10
2022 Métis 34 41 5 13 6 0 0 76 19 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 44 5 13 6 0 0 76 19 11705
2020 Indigenous 28 48 3 15 6 0 0 76 21 489
2020 First Nations 28 46 4 17 5 0 0 74 22 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 40 0 6 6 0 0 88 12 15
2020 Métis 29 49 3 13 7 0 0 77 20 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 47 5 12 3 0 0 79 15 13285

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 40 33 9 11 7 0 0 73 18 385
2022 First Nations 38 32 11 12 6 0 0 70 19 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 46 22 26 0 5 0 0 68 5 10
2022 Métis 44 31 6 11 8 0 0 75 19 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 37 8 9 6 0 1 78 14 11690
2020 Indigenous 40 34 10 10 6 0 0 74 16 489
2020 First Nations 41 31 11 9 7 0 0 72 16 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 32 0 12 7 0 0 80 20 15
2020 Métis 41 35 9 10 5 0 0 76 15 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 39 9 10 4 0 0 77 14 13269
2019 Indigenous 41 30 8 14 7 0 0 72 21 521
2019 First Nations 41 31 6 14 8 0 0 72 22 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 49 26 0 16 10 0 0 74 26 12
2019 Métis 42 31 9 13 5 0 0 72 18 286
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 37 8 11 5 0 0 76 16 12725

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 46 31 9 9 5 0 0 77 14 390
2022 First Nations 43 32 11 8 4 0 0 76 13 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 67 33 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2022 Métis 51 30 8 8 4 0 0 80 11 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 37 8 7 4 0 0 81 11 11685
2020 Indigenous 41 34 8 9 8 0 0 76 16 482
2020 First Nations 41 32 8 8 10 0 0 74 18 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 34 21 0 15 29 0 0 56 44 14
2020 Métis 43 37 8 8 4 0 0 80 12 259
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 37 9 8 3 0 0 80 11 13208
2019 Indigenous 44 31 9 9 7 0 0 75 16 516
2019 First Nations 43 31 12 8 6 0 0 74 14 204
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 56 26 8 0 10 0 0 82 10 12
2019 Métis 46 32 6 10 6 0 0 78 17 283
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 38 9 7 3 0 0 80 11 12659

Use of official languages

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 68 22 4 3 2 0 1 92 5 390
2022 First Nations 62 27 4 2 3 0 1 91 5 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 56 17 0 10 0 0 17 88 12 10
2022 Métis 73 19 3 2 2 0 1 93 4 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 67 23 4 3 2 1 1 91 5 11700
2020 Indigenous 65 22 5 4 2 0 0 88 7 483
2020 First Nations 62 22 7 5 2 1 1 86 7 193
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 74 20 0 0 6 0 0 94 6 15
2020 Métis 68 22 4 4 2 0 0 90 6 261
2020 Non-Indigenous 69 21 4 2 1 0 1 92 4 13251

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 80 9 4 1 3 0 3 92 4 390
2022 First Nations 82 11 3 2 1 1 1 94 3 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 75 8 0 0 0 0 17 100 0 10
2022 Métis 82 5 4 0 3 0 4 92 4 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 78 11 4 1 2 0 3 92 4 11710
2019 Indigenous 72 8 9 1 2 0 7 86 4 519
2019 First Nations 74 6 13 2 2 0 3 83 4 202
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 84 8 0 0 8 0 0 92 8 12
2019 Métis 72 9 6 1 3 0 9 89 4 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 77 12 5 1 2 0 2 91 4 12699

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 32 20 9 6 9 15 8 68 20 385
2022 First Nations 35 22 10 4 5 17 8 75 12 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 40 8 0 25 0 0 28 66 34 10
2022 Métis 31 22 9 6 10 16 7 68 21 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 23 14 6 5 13 6 68 14 11710
2020 Indigenous 25 17 17 7 13 15 7 54 25 489
2020 First Nations 23 19 17 7 10 19 6 55 23 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 23 14 19 0 25 6 12 46 30 15
2020 Métis 28 15 15 7 14 13 7 55 26 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 22 14 8 7 12 5 66 17 13280
2019 Indigenous 29 18 17 8 11 15 3 57 23 522
2019 First Nations 31 18 20 6 11 12 3 58 19 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 24 24 27 16 0 0 9 53 18 12
2019 Métis 27 19 15 8 12 16 2 56 25 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 23 14 7 8 12 4 66 17 12733

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 18 82 385
2022 First Nations 18 82 145
2022 Métis 16 84 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 11700
2020 Indigenous 20 80 489
2020 Métis 18 82 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 13281
2019 Indigenous 20 80 523
2019 Métis 18 82 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 86 12713
2018 Indigenous 22 78 410
2018 Non-Indigenous 16 84 10000

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 52 48 70
2022 First Nations 56 44 25
2022 Métis 47 53 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 50 1440
2020 Indigenous 52 48 89
2020 Métis 58 42 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 51 1476
2019 Indigenous 54 46 93
2019 Métis 41 59 48
2019 Non-Indigenous 52 48 1697
2018 Indigenous 54 46 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 49 51 1474

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 70 30 70
2022 First Nations 64 36 25
2022 Métis 70 30 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 57 43 1440
2020 Indigenous 63 37 89
2020 Métis 59 41 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 60 40 1476
2019 Indigenous 66 34 93
2019 Métis 74 26 48
2019 Non-Indigenous 60 40 1697
2018 Indigenous 69 31 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 62 38 1474

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 4 96 70
2022 First Nations 3 97 25
2022 Métis 2 98 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1440
2020 Indigenous 9 91 89
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1476
2019 Indigenous 9 91 93
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1697
2018 Indigenous 12 88 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1474

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 1 99 70
2022 First Nations 0 100 25
2022 Métis 2 98 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 1440
2020 Métis 0 100 49
2018 Indigenous 0 100 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 0 100 1474

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 11 89 70
2022 First Nations 7 93 25
2022 Métis 10 90 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1440
2020 Indigenous 11 89 89
2020 Métis 12 88 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1476
2019 Indigenous 10 90 93
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1697
2018 Indigenous 16 84 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1474

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 8 92 70
2022 First Nations 3 97 25
2022 Métis 3 97 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1440

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 7 93 70
2022 First Nations 3 97 25
2022 Métis 10 90 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1440
2019 Indigenous 7 93 93
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1697
2018 Indigenous 7 93 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1474

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 48 52 70
2022 First Nations 36 64 25
2022 Métis 49 51 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 62 1440
2020 Indigenous 37 63 89
2020 Métis 38 62 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 62 1476
2019 Indigenous 45 55 91
2019 Métis 46 54 48
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 62 1671
2018 Indigenous 47 53 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 41 59 1472

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 53 47 70
2022 First Nations 43 57 25
2022 Métis 68 32 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 60 1440
2020 Indigenous 55 45 89
2020 Métis 51 49 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 59 1476
2019 Indigenous 52 48 91
2019 Métis 58 42 48
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 60 1671
2018 Indigenous 51 49 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 43 57 1472

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 45 55 70
2022 First Nations 40 60 25
2022 Métis 46 54 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 52 1440
2020 Indigenous 47 53 89
2020 Métis 46 54 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 54 1476
2019 Indigenous 52 48 91
2019 Métis 60 40 48
2019 Non-Indigenous 47 53 1671
2018 Indigenous 51 49 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 43 57 1472

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 39 61 70
2022 First Nations 48 52 25
2022 Métis 33 67 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 58 1440
2020 Indigenous 52 48 89
2020 Métis 48 52 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 57 1476
2019 Indigenous 37 63 91
2019 Métis 43 57 48
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 57 1671
2018 Indigenous 47 53 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 41 59 1472

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 41 59 70
2022 First Nations 32 68 25
2022 Métis 44 56 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 66 1440
2020 Indigenous 49 51 89
2020 Métis 43 57 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 65 1476
2019 Indigenous 36 64 91
2019 Métis 47 53 48
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 68 1671
2018 Indigenous 35 65 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 37 63 1472

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 59 41 70
2022 First Nations 67 33 25
2022 Métis 49 51 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 47 1440
2020 Indigenous 48 52 89
2020 Métis 46 54 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 54 46 1476
2019 Indigenous 57 43 91
2019 Métis 58 42 48
2019 Non-Indigenous 57 43 1671
2018 Indigenous 57 43 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 54 46 1472

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 53 47 70
2022 First Nations 48 52 25
2022 Métis 51 49 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 64 1440
2020 Indigenous 40 60 89
2020 Métis 36 64 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 60 1476
2019 Indigenous 42 58 91
2019 Métis 50 50 48
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 63 1671
2018 Indigenous 37 63 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 39 61 1472

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 1 99 70
2022 First Nations 0 100 25
2022 Métis 0 100 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 1440

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 9 91 70
2022 First Nations 7 93 25
2022 Métis 7 93 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1440
2020 Indigenous 9 91 89
2020 Métis 10 90 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1476
2019 Indigenous 15 85 91
2019 Métis 16 84 48
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1671
2018 Indigenous 12 88 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1472

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 23 77 70
2022 First Nations 9 91 25
2022 Métis 23 77 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1440
2020 Indigenous 25 75 89
2020 Métis 24 76 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 15 85 1476
2019 Indigenous 20 80 91
2019 Métis 22 78 48
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1671
2018 Indigenous 10 90 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 16 84 1472

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 56 44 70
2022 First Nations 50 50 25
2022 Métis 64 36 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 50 1440
2020 Indigenous 60 40 89
2020 Métis 59 41 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 53 1476
2019 Indigenous 54 46 91
2019 Métis 66 34 48
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 51 1671
2018 Indigenous 66 34 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 48 52 1472

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 28 72 70
2022 First Nations 16 84 25
2022 Métis 28 72 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 76 1440
2020 Indigenous 34 66 89
2020 Métis 32 68 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 75 1476
2019 Indigenous 30 70 91
2019 Métis 30 70 48
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 73 1671
2018 Indigenous 40 60 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 30 70 1472

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 21 79 70
2022 First Nations 40 60 25
2022 Métis 10 90 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 1440
2020 Indigenous 17 83 89
2020 Métis 16 84 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 16 84 1476
2019 Indigenous 11 89 91
2019 Métis 11 89 48
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 84 1671
2018 Indigenous 13 87 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1472

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 61 39 70
2022 First Nations 59 41 25
2022 Métis 56 44 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 45 1445
2020 Indigenous 64 36 89
2020 Métis 67 33 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 53 47 1476
2019 Indigenous 58 42 90
2019 Métis 65 35 47
2019 Non-Indigenous 53 47 1661
2018 Indigenous 55 45 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 48 52 1476

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 29 71 70
2022 First Nations 23 77 25
2022 Métis 31 69 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 77 1445
2020 Indigenous 34 66 89
2020 Métis 30 70 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 74 1476
2019 Indigenous 25 75 90
2019 Métis 30 70 47
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 72 1661
2018 Indigenous 30 70 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 27 73 1476

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 7 93 70
2022 First Nations 4 96 25
2022 Métis 8 92 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1445
2020 Indigenous 18 82 89
2020 Métis 16 84 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1476
2019 Indigenous 13 87 90
2019 Métis 19 81 47
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1661

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 33 67 70
2022 First Nations 14 86 25
2022 Métis 38 62 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 78 1445
2020 Indigenous 36 64 89
2020 Métis 36 64 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 75 1476
2019 Indigenous 29 71 90
2019 Métis 32 68 47
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 77 1661
2018 Indigenous 30 70 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 24 76 1476

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 6 94 70
2022 First Nations 0 100 25
2022 Métis 10 90 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1445
2020 Indigenous 11 89 89
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1476
2019 Indigenous 12 88 90
2019 Métis 19 81 47
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1661
2018 Indigenous 12 88 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1476

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 15 85 70
2022 First Nations 12 88 25
2022 Métis 15 85 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1445
2020 Indigenous 21 79 89
2020 Métis 17 83 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1476
2019 Indigenous 15 85 90
2019 Métis 10 90 47
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1661
2018 Indigenous 7 93 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1476

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 10 90 70
2022 First Nations 3 97 25
2022 Métis 16 84 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1445
2020 Indigenous 13 87 89
2020 Métis 15 85 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1476
2019 Indigenous 25 75 90
2019 Métis 21 79 47
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1661
2018 Indigenous 22 78 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1476

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 14 86 70
2022 First Nations 14 86 25
2022 Métis 9 91 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1445
2020 Indigenous 16 84 89
2020 Métis 20 80 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1476
2019 Indigenous 8 92 90
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1661
2018 Indigenous 8 92 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1476

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 14 86 70
2022 First Nations 22 78 25
2022 Métis 15 85 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 73 1445
2020 Indigenous 17 83 89
2020 Métis 10 90 49
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 77 1476
2019 Indigenous 19 81 90
2019 Métis 22 78 47
2019 Non-Indigenous 26 74 1661
2018 Indigenous 19 81 81
2018 Non-Indigenous 25 75 1476

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 6 94 65
2022 First Nations 4 96 25
2022 Métis 9 91 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1245
2020 Indigenous 14 86 74
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1318
2019 Indigenous 14 86 78
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1478
2018 Indigenous 9 91 76
2018 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1314

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 19 81 65
2022 First Nations 26 74 25
2022 Métis 18 82 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 1245
2020 Indigenous 8 92 74
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 83 1318
2019 Indigenous 15 85 78
2019 Métis 18 82 42
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 80 1478
2018 Indigenous 11 89 76
2018 Non-Indigenous 17 83 1314

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 14 86 65
2022 First Nations 27 73 25
2022 Métis 7 93 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1245
2020 Indigenous 13 87 74
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1318
2019 Indigenous 11 89 78
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1478
2018 Indigenous 10 90 76
2018 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1314

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 12 88 65
2022 First Nations 16 84 25
2022 Métis 13 87 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1245
2020 Indigenous 11 89 74
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1318
2019 Indigenous 9 91 78
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1478

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 14 86 65
2022 First Nations 14 86 25
2022 Métis 17 83 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1245
2020 Indigenous 20 80 74
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1318
2019 Indigenous 17 83 78
2019 Métis 19 81 42
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1478
2018 Indigenous 17 83 76
2018 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1314

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 4 96 65
2022 First Nations 3 97 25
2022 Métis 6 94 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1245
2020 Indigenous 17 83 74
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1318
2019 Indigenous 8 92 78
2019 Métis 8 92 42
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1478
2018 Indigenous 15 85 76
2018 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1314

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 14 86 65
2022 First Nations 17 83 25
2022 Métis 16 84 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1245
2019 Indigenous 13 87 78
2019 Métis 12 88 42
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1478
2018 Indigenous 11 89 76
2018 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1314

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 12 88 65
2022 First Nations 7 93 25
2022 Métis 16 84 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1245
2020 Indigenous 16 84 74
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1318
2019 Indigenous 4 96 78
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1478
2018 Indigenous 11 89 76
2018 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1314

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 21 79 65
2022 First Nations 15 85 25
2022 Métis 26 74 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1245
2020 Indigenous 12 88 74
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1318
2019 Indigenous 17 83 78
2019 Métis 24 76 42
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1478
2018 Indigenous 17 83 76
2018 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1314

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 35 65 65
2022 First Nations 27 73 25
2022 Métis 36 64 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 73 1245
2020 Indigenous 35 65 74
2020 Métis 41 59 42
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 72 1318
2019 Indigenous 32 68 78
2019 Métis 38 62 42
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 71 1478
2018 Indigenous 19 81 76
2018 Non-Indigenous 30 70 1314

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 22 78 65
2022 First Nations 14 86 25
2022 Métis 32 68 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1245
2020 Indigenous 8 92 74
2020 Métis 11 89 42
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1318
2019 Indigenous 12 88 78
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1478
2018 Indigenous 9 91 76
2018 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1314

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 49 51 65
2022 First Nations 41 59 25
2022 Métis 57 43 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 62 1245
2020 Indigenous 51 49 74
2020 Métis 60 40 42
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 58 1318
2019 Indigenous 49 51 78
2019 Métis 50 50 42
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 57 1478
2018 Indigenous 55 45 76
2018 Non-Indigenous 43 57 1314

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 8 92 65
2022 First Nations 5 95 25
2022 Métis 12 88 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 1245
2019 Indigenous 9 91 78
2019 Métis 17 83 42
2019 Non-Indigenous 2 98 1478

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 66 34 65
2022 First Nations 64 36 25
2022 Métis 65 35 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 57 43 1245
2020 Indigenous 69 31 74
2020 Métis 64 36 42
2020 Non-Indigenous 56 44 1318
2019 Indigenous 48 52 78
2019 Métis 50 50 42
2019 Non-Indigenous 55 45 1478
2018 Indigenous 59 41 76
2018 Non-Indigenous 56 44 1314

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 4 96 65
2022 First Nations 4 96 25
2022 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 1245

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 13 87 65
2022 First Nations 7 93 25
2022 Métis 10 90 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 1245
2020 Indigenous 18 82 74
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1318
2019 Indigenous 16 84 78
2019 Métis 18 82 42
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1478
2018 Indigenous 10 90 76
2018 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1314

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 21 19 17 6 14 18 5 52 26 390
2022 First Nations 20 20 18 5 15 16 6 52 25 150
2022 Métis 21 19 17 5 10 23 5 55 22 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 21 17 8 8 24 6 53 24 11695
2020 Indigenous 24 20 16 10 14 13 3 52 28 488
2020 First Nations 22 21 14 12 15 12 2 51 32 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 6 25 7 14 6 6 47 24 15
2020 Métis 26 19 17 8 13 14 3 55 25 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 23 19 7 7 16 4 59 18 13260
2019 Indigenous 23 21 20 9 14 12 2 51 26 523
2019 First Nations 22 22 17 9 13 12 4 53 26 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 33 9 8 17 26 8 0 45 47 12
2019 Métis 23 21 22 9 14 11 1 50 25 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 23 20 8 8 16 4 54 21 12729
2018 Indigenous 18 23 19 10 14 11 4 48 29 411
2018 Non-Indigenous 20 24 22 8 9 14 3 53 20 9968

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 33 30 14 6 9 6 2 69 16 390
2022 First Nations 29 33 18 5 8 3 3 67 14 150
2022 Métis 38 28 12 7 6 9 1 72 14 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 34 14 7 6 7 1 71 14 11690
2020 Indigenous 35 28 15 8 9 4 1 65 18 488
2020 First Nations 31 31 16 8 12 2 0 63 20 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 42 24 12 7 14 0 0 67 21 15
2020 Métis 38 27 15 7 7 5 1 69 15 263
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 32 15 6 4 4 1 73 11 13252
2019 Indigenous 36 27 16 8 10 3 0 65 19 523
2019 First Nations 38 28 14 8 10 2 1 68 18 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 33 16 9 23 10 8 0 53 37 12
2019 Métis 34 28 17 8 10 3 0 64 18 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 36 32 15 7 5 4 0 71 13 12718
2018 Indigenous 32 28 17 9 10 2 0 62 20 412
2018 Non-Indigenous 33 33 17 7 6 4 0 69 13 9965

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 13 87 385
2022 First Nations 14 86 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 0 100 10
2022 Métis 11 89 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 11695
2020 Indigenous 12 88 490
2020 Métis 11 89 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 94 13267
2019 Indigenous 12 88 521
2019 Métis 11 89 286
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 93 12686
2018 Indigenous 14 86 412
2018 Non-Indigenous 7 93 9980

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 41 59 55
2022 First Nations 47 53 20
2022 Métis 33 67 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 62 885
2020 Indigenous 41 59 52
2020 Métis 29 71 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 64 824
2019 Indigenous 45 55 55
2019 Métis 44 56 29
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 59 849
2018 Indigenous 50 50 51
2018 Non-Indigenous 38 62 665

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 79 21 55
2022 First Nations 71 29 20
2022 Métis 83 17 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 73 27 885
2020 Indigenous 72 28 52
2020 Métis 80 20 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 74 26 824
2019 Indigenous 76 24 55
2019 Métis 64 36 29
2019 Non-Indigenous 73 27 849
2018 Indigenous 66 34 51
2018 Non-Indigenous 77 23 665

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 4 96 55
2022 First Nations 9 91 20
2022 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 885
2018 Indigenous 16 84 51
2018 Non-Indigenous 5 95 665

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 100 55
2022 First Nations 0 100 20
2022 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 885
2019 Indigenous 0 100 55
2019 Métis 0 100 29
2019 Non-Indigenous 1 99 849

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 17 83 55
2022 First Nations 8 92 20
2022 Métis 18 82 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 885
2020 Indigenous 14 86 52
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 824
2019 Indigenous 17 83 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 90 849
2018 Indigenous 14 86 51
2018 Non-Indigenous 9 91 665

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 12 88 55
2022 First Nations 4 96 20
2022 Métis 6 94 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 885
2019 Métis 0 100 29

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 9 91 55
2022 First Nations 6 94 20
2022 Métis 9 91 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 885
2020 Métis 0 100 25
2019 Indigenous 11 89 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 849
2018 Indigenous 9 91 51
2018 Non-Indigenous 9 91 665

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 27 73 55
2022 First Nations 39 61 20
2022 Métis 12 88 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 885
2020 Indigenous 33 67 52
2020 Métis 19 81 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 83 824
2019 Indigenous 18 82 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 82 830
2018 Indigenous 29 71 50
2018 Non-Indigenous 18 82 667

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 25 75 55
2022 First Nations 36 64 20
2022 Métis 21 79 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 885
2019 Indigenous 9 91 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 84 830
2018 Indigenous 31 69 50
2018 Non-Indigenous 15 85 666

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 4 96 55
2022 First Nations 4 96 20
2022 Métis 4 96 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 885
2020 Indigenous 10 90 52
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 824

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 2 98 55
2022 First Nations 0 100 20
2022 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 885

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 31 69 55
2022 First Nations 31 69 20
2022 Métis 33 67 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 75 885
2020 Indigenous 14 86 52
2020 Métis 23 77 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 74 824
2019 Indigenous 37 63 55
2019 Métis 32 68 30
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 69 830
2018 Indigenous 31 69 50
2018 Non-Indigenous 27 73 666

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 24 76 55
2022 First Nations 27 73 20
2022 Métis 28 72 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 72 885
2020 Indigenous 20 80 52
2020 Métis 25 75 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 74 824
2019 Indigenous 31 69 55
2019 Métis 48 52 30
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 72 830
2018 Indigenous 23 77 50
2018 Non-Indigenous 28 72 666

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 6 94 55
2022 First Nations 5 95 20
2022 Métis 5 95 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 885
2020 Indigenous 0 100 52
2020 Métis 0 100 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 3 97 824

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 4 96 55
2022 First Nations 5 95 20
2022 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 885
2020 Indigenous 0 100 52
2020 Métis 0 100 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 2 98 824
2018 Indigenous 9 91 50
2018 Non-Indigenous 2 98 666

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 9 91 55
2022 First Nations 0 100 20
2022 Métis 19 81 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 885
2020 Indigenous 14 86 52
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 824

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 17 83 55
2022 First Nations 5 95 20
2022 Métis 31 69 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 885
2020 Indigenous 21 79 52
2020 Métis 28 72 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 16 84 824
2019 Indigenous 9 91 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 87 830
2018 Indigenous 10 90 50
2018 Non-Indigenous 13 87 666

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 7 93 55
2022 First Nations 4 96 20
2022 Métis 7 93 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 885
2020 Indigenous 0 100 52
2020 Métis 0 100 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 1 99 824

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 33 67 55
2022 First Nations 40 60 20
2022 Métis 32 68 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 85 885
2020 Indigenous 28 72 52
2020 Métis 31 69 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 14 86 824
2019 Indigenous 28 72 55
2019 Métis 28 72 30
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 84 830
2018 Indigenous 24 76 50
2018 Non-Indigenous 19 81 666

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 2 98 55
2022 First Nations 4 96 20
2022 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 885
2020 Métis 0 100 25
2019 Indigenous 0 100 55
2019 Métis 0 100 30
2019 Non-Indigenous 1 99 830

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 34 66 55
2022 First Nations 35 65 20
2022 Métis 29 71 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 71 885
2020 Indigenous 25 75 52
2020 Métis 29 71 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 73 824
2019 Indigenous 19 81 55
2019 Métis 28 72 30
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 76 830
2018 Indigenous 19 81 50
2018 Non-Indigenous 26 74 666

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 47 53 55
2022 First Nations 58 42 20
2022 Métis 33 67 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 63 885
2020 Indigenous 37 63 52
2020 Métis 22 78 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 65 824
2019 Indigenous 25 75 55
2019 Métis 32 68 30
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 66 822
2018 Indigenous 25 75 50
2018 Non-Indigenous 29 71 665

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 24 76 55
2022 First Nations 26 74 20
2022 Métis 17 83 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 885
2020 Indigenous 21 79 52
2020 Métis 19 81 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 83 824
2019 Indigenous 21 79 55
2019 Métis 21 79 30
2019 Non-Indigenous 17 83 822
2018 Indigenous 16 84 50
2018 Non-Indigenous 15 85 665

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 11 89 55
2022 First Nations 6 94 20
2022 Métis 16 84 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 885
2020 Indigenous 7 93 52
2020 Non-Indigenous 5 95 824
2019 Indigenous 7 93 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 5 95 822
2018 Indigenous 0 100 50
2018 Non-Indigenous 5 95 665

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 26 74 55
2022 First Nations 22 78 20
2022 Métis 17 83 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 80 885
2020 Indigenous 24 76 52
2020 Métis 31 69 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 82 824
2019 Indigenous 18 82 55
2019 Métis 23 77 30
2019 Non-Indigenous 19 81 822
2018 Indigenous 18 82 50
2018 Non-Indigenous 19 81 665

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 100 55
2022 First Nations 0 100 20
2022 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 885
2020 Métis 0 100 25

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 13 87 55
2022 First Nations 13 87 20
2022 Métis 6 94 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 885
2020 Indigenous 9 91 52
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 824
2019 Indigenous 10 90 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 93 822

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 10 90 55
2022 First Nations 14 86 20
2022 Métis 4 96 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 885
2020 Indigenous 11 89 52
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 93 824
2019 Indigenous 12 88 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 91 822
2018 Indigenous 12 88 50
2018 Non-Indigenous 7 93 665

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 17 83 55
2022 First Nations 13 87 20
2022 Métis 13 87 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 885
2020 Indigenous 14 86 52
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 824
2019 Indigenous 8 92 55
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 93 822

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 31 69 55
2022 First Nations 17 83 20
2022 Métis 45 55 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 57 885
2020 Indigenous 24 76 52
2020 Métis 38 62 25
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 55 824
2019 Indigenous 45 55 55
2019 Métis 49 51 30
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 54 822
2018 Indigenous 47 53 50
2018 Non-Indigenous 47 53 666

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 7 93 50
2022 First Nations 11 89 20
2022 Métis 4 96 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 790
2020 Indigenous 15 85 47
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 94 761

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 9 91 50
2022 First Nations 10 90 20
2022 Métis 10 90 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 790
2020 Indigenous 9 91 47
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 83 761
2019 Indigenous 14 86 46
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 84 718
2018 Indigenous 11 89 47
2018 Non-Indigenous 14 86 603

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 6 94 50
2022 First Nations 10 90 20
2022 Métis 3 97 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 790

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 2 98 50
2022 First Nations 0 100 20
2022 Métis 4 96 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 790
2019 Indigenous 14 86 46
2019 Non-Indigenous 3 97 718

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 100 50
2022 First Nations 0 100 20
2022 Métis 0 100 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 790

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 100 50
2022 First Nations 0 100 20
2022 Métis 0 100 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 790

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 12 88 50
2022 First Nations 9 91 20
2022 Métis 16 84 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 790
2019 Indigenous 12 88 46
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 93 718
2018 Indigenous 9 91 47
2018 Non-Indigenous 7 93 603

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 23 77 50
2022 First Nations 28 72 20
2022 Métis 17 83 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 790
2020 Indigenous 12 88 47
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 87 761
2018 Indigenous 11 89 47
2018 Non-Indigenous 14 86 603

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 23 77 50
2022 First Nations 22 78 20
2022 Métis 20 80 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 790
2020 Indigenous 14 86 47
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 761
2018 Indigenous 13 87 47
2018 Non-Indigenous 12 88 603

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 28 72 50
2022 First Nations 21 79 20
2022 Métis 25 75 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 75 790
2020 Indigenous 28 72 47
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 73 761
2019 Indigenous 28 72 46
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 77 718
2018 Indigenous 25 75 47
2018 Non-Indigenous 27 73 603

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 17 83 50
2022 First Nations 18 82 20
2022 Métis 10 90 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 790
2020 Indigenous 9 91 47
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 93 761
2018 Indigenous 16 84 47
2018 Non-Indigenous 9 91 603

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 39 61 50
2022 First Nations 38 62 20
2022 Métis 34 66 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 63 790
2020 Indigenous 37 63 47
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 57 761
2019 Indigenous 51 49 46
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 57 718
2018 Indigenous 41 59 47
2018 Non-Indigenous 41 59 604

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 6 94 50
2022 First Nations 7 93 20
2022 Métis 6 94 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 790
2019 Indigenous 0 100 46
2019 Non-Indigenous 1 99 718
2018 Indigenous 14 86 47
2018 Non-Indigenous 3 97 603

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 72 28 50
2022 First Nations 71 29 20
2022 Métis 72 28 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 40 790
2020 Indigenous 63 37 47
2020 Non-Indigenous 63 37 761
2019 Indigenous 40 60 46
2019 Non-Indigenous 61 39 718
2018 Indigenous 70 30 47
2018 Non-Indigenous 67 33 603

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 4 96 50
2022 First Nations 0 100 20
2022 Métis 0 100 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 790

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 15 85 50
2022 First Nations 16 84 20
2022 Métis 13 87 25
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 790
2020 Indigenous 18 82 47
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 87 761
2018 Indigenous 9 91 47
2018 Non-Indigenous 11 89 603

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 21 21 21 7 9 19 3 54 20 390
2022 First Nations 18 21 24 6 9 19 2 49 20 150
2022 Métis 24 20 17 6 6 21 5 60 16 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 21 19 5 4 26 5 58 14 11705
2020 Indigenous 26 21 22 5 8 15 3 57 16 485
2020 First Nations 25 16 27 5 9 16 2 49 17 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 31 24 7 0 20 17 0 67 24 15
2020 Métis 28 25 18 5 6 14 4 64 13 261
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 23 21 4 3 19 4 63 10 13256
2019 Indigenous 26 17 25 6 8 15 3 53 17 523
2019 First Nations 27 16 25 5 10 13 3 51 19 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 33 9 9 16 10 24 0 54 34 12
2019 Métis 26 18 25 5 6 15 4 54 15 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 21 23 5 5 20 5 57 12 12732
2018 Indigenous 21 25 23 6 9 13 2 54 18 409
2018 Non-Indigenous 21 23 26 4 4 19 3 57 10 9975

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 31 30 16 7 8 6 1 66 17 390
2022 First Nations 27 33 20 8 8 4 0 62 17 150
2022 Métis 36 27 15 6 6 9 2 70 14 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 34 16 5 4 8 1 72 10 11705
2020 Indigenous 37 30 16 6 6 5 0 70 13 489
2020 First Nations 32 32 19 6 7 3 0 67 13 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 42 30 7 0 20 0 0 72 20 15
2020 Métis 40 28 14 5 5 7 0 74 11 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 32 17 4 3 5 1 74 8 13243
2019 Indigenous 37 25 18 6 7 5 1 67 14 523
2019 First Nations 40 26 16 6 8 4 1 69 15 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 41 26 0 16 10 8 0 72 28 12
2019 Métis 36 26 21 6 6 4 2 65 13 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 30 18 4 4 6 1 72 8 12710
2018 Indigenous 34 31 16 5 9 4 1 68 15 406
2018 Non-Indigenous 34 32 20 4 4 6 1 70 8 9964

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 18 82 390
2022 First Nations 13 87 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 12 88 10
2022 Métis 20 80 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 11700
2020 Indigenous 15 85 486
2020 First Nations 13 87 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 6 94 15
2020 Métis 16 84 263
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 13232
2019 Indigenous 21 79 518
2019 First Nations 22 78 203
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 16 84 12
2019 Métis 22 78 286
2019 Non-Indigenous 15 85 12718

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 64 36 75
2022 First Nations 74 26 20
2022 Métis 62 38 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 45 1365
2020 Indigenous 46 54 78
2020 Métis 42 58 47
2020 Non-Indigenous 48 52 1547

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 67 33 75
2022 First Nations 64 36 20
2022 Métis 69 31 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 73 27 1370
2020 Indigenous 68 32 77
2020 Métis 71 29 46
2020 Non-Indigenous 76 24 1544
2019 Indigenous 73 27 115
2019 Métis 76 24 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 79 21 1901

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 52 27 9 1 11 0 0 79 12 50
2022 First Nations 55 17 6 0 21 0 0 72 21 15
2022 Métis 52 32 6 2 8 0 0 84 10 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 32 7 8 5 0 0 79 13 1010
2020 Indigenous 53 31 11 4 2 0 0 83 5 58
2020 Métis 43 37 11 6 3 0 0 80 9 36
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 35 10 6 2 0 0 82 8 1179
2019 Indigenous 45 31 8 10 7 0 0 75 17 86
2019 Métis 44 31 6 11 8 0 0 75 19 51
2019 Non-Indigenous 48 32 7 8 4 0 0 81 12 1488

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 45 29 8 5 6 4 3 79 12 390
2022 First Nations 39 28 12 9 3 5 4 74 13 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 41 23 17 12 0 7 0 69 12 10
2022 Métis 51 30 3 3 6 4 3 87 9 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 32 10 5 3 3 3 81 9 11700
2020 Indigenous 43 29 10 9 7 2 1 74 16 487
2020 First Nations 43 26 13 9 7 2 1 70 16 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 37 44 0 7 13 0 0 80 20 15
2020 Métis 44 29 8 9 6 2 1 76 15 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 31 11 5 3 2 3 79 9 13262

Future of work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?

Survey year Demographic 20% (1 out of 5 days)
(%)		 40% (2 out of 5 days)
(%)		 60% (3 out of 5 days)
(%)		 80% (4 out of 5 days)
(%)		 Other Please specify
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 31 14 20 19 17 165
2022 First Nations 36 13 17 22 13 60
2022 Métis 30 15 23 12 19 100
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 21 19 16 11 5185

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 85 15 315
2022 First Nations 87 13 120
2022 Métis 84 16 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 84 16 9365

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 48 52 315
2022 First Nations 48 52 120
2022 Métis 43 57 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 51 9360

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 53 47 315
2022 First Nations 53 47 120
2022 Métis 52 48 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 57 43 9360

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 42 58 315
2022 First Nations 42 58 120
2022 Métis 39 61 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 47 9360

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 31 69 315
2022 First Nations 23 77 120
2022 Métis 33 67 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 61 9360

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 36 64 315
2022 First Nations 32 68 120
2022 Métis 38 62 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 60 9360

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 26 74 315
2022 First Nations 27 73 120
2022 Métis 26 74 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 72 9360

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 47 53 315
2022 First Nations 48 52 120
2022 Métis 42 58 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 58 9360

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 38 62 315
2022 First Nations 44 56 120
2022 Métis 30 70 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 67 9360

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 45 55 315
2022 First Nations 45 55 120
2022 Métis 45 55 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 53 9360

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 39 61 315
2022 First Nations 39 61 120
2022 Métis 34 66 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 62 9360

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 4 96 315
2022 First Nations 1 99 120
2022 Métis 5 95 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 9360

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 13 87 315
2022 First Nations 15 85 120
2022 Métis 12 88 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 9360

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 51 13 10 2 5 1 18 80 8 315
2022 First Nations 50 18 11 2 6 1 12 78 9 120
2022 Métis 56 9 10 1 3 1 20 83 5 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 16 8 2 3 1 16 83 6 9365

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 8 11 17 10 32 6 17 54 24 315
2022 First Nations 11 10 17 12 33 3 14 54 25 120
2022 Métis 6 11 16 7 34 8 18 55 23 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 14 19 13 28 3 17 51 26 9370

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 12 18 20 12 25 6 7 43 34 315
2022 First Nations 12 15 21 12 30 6 3 46 30 120
2022 Métis 10 18 18 12 25 7 9 44 34 175
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 21 20 14 21 6 9 41 36 9370
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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 53 23 10 6 5 2 1 78 12 390
2022 First Nations 55 23 11 4 4 2 1 80 8 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 67 33 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2022 Métis 54 21 12 7 5 1 1 77 12 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 28 8 6 6 1 1 81 11 11705
2020 Indigenous 42 30 10 9 9 0 0 72 18 483
2020 First Nations 41 28 11 9 10 0 0 69 20 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 42 24 0 15 20 0 0 65 35 15
2020 Métis 43 31 10 8 7 0 0 74 15 260
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 30 9 8 5 1 0 77 13 13197

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 6 10 16 5 43 5 14 60 20 385
2022 First Nations 8 12 20 6 35 5 15 51 24 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 0 5 42 0 46 6 0 49 6 10
2022 Métis 5 8 13 5 48 6 16 68 16 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 5 14 7 43 5 22 70 11 11680

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 28 34 14 12 9 2 1 64 22 390
2022 First Nations 25 38 12 11 11 2 2 66 22 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 34 60 0 5 0 0 0 95 5 10
2022 Métis 32 31 15 11 8 2 0 65 19 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 41 17 8 5 3 0 69 14 11700
2020 Indigenous 34 33 17 11 6 0 0 67 16 487
2020 First Nations 34 26 19 13 7 1 0 61 20 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 30 50 6 0 14 0 0 80 14 15
2020 Métis 35 36 16 9 4 0 0 71 13 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 39 15 6 3 1 0 75 9 13265
2019 Indigenous 28 33 20 9 8 2 0 62 17 519
2019 First Nations 29 33 19 8 9 2 0 63 17 204
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 32 41 17 10 0 0 0 73 10 12
2019 Métis 27 32 22 9 9 2 0 60 18 286
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 39 18 8 4 2 0 69 13 12706
2018 Indigenous 24 39 14 10 11 2 0 64 22 409
2018 Non-Indigenous 27 39 19 9 5 2 0 67 14 9985

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)		 Very good
(%)		 Good
(%)		 Fair
(%)		 Poor
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 12 27 32 19 10 390
2022 First Nations 12 23 31 22 12 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 18 43 22 10 7 10
2022 Métis 14 29 30 19 9 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 29 34 19 6 11700

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 51 25 13 4 4 4 0 78 8 385
2022 First Nations 52 23 15 3 2 4 0 79 6 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 48 34 10 0 0 7 0 89 0 10
2022 Métis 52 25 11 4 4 4 0 80 8 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 27 11 4 3 3 1 81 7 11705
2020 Indigenous 39 25 16 5 10 3 0 67 16 484
2020 First Nations 36 25 17 6 12 3 0 64 19 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 42 24 14 0 20 0 0 65 20 15
2020 Métis 43 26 15 4 8 3 1 71 13 262
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 28 14 5 4 3 1 76 10 13188

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 43 22 12 11 10 2 1 66 21 385
2022 First Nations 41 24 14 10 8 2 1 68 18 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 48 12 17 5 17 0 0 60 23 10
2022 Métis 45 22 10 12 9 1 0 68 22 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 26 10 9 9 1 1 72 19 11700
2020 Indigenous 32 25 14 13 16 1 0 58 28 488
2020 First Nations 32 21 13 16 15 2 0 55 31 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 25 35 6 14 20 0 0 60 35 15
2020 Métis 33 28 15 10 14 0 0 61 24 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 29 13 11 9 1 0 67 20 13253

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 26 34 14 12 11 2 1 62 24 390
2022 First Nations 22 40 12 11 12 2 2 64 23 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 24 63 8 0 5 0 0 87 5 10
2022 Métis 30 31 16 11 9 3 0 63 21 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 38 15 11 8 1 0 66 19 11700
2020 Indigenous 30 28 17 12 14 1 0 58 25 488
2020 First Nations 30 27 17 12 14 1 0 58 26 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 49 17 6 14 14 0 0 65 28 15
2020 Métis 29 29 17 11 13 0 0 58 24 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 33 16 10 6 1 0 66 17 13263
2019 Indigenous 23 31 18 16 10 1 0 55 27 522
2019 First Nations 23 31 15 16 13 1 0 56 29 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 24 50 0 8 18 0 0 74 26 12
2019 Métis 21 30 20 17 9 2 0 53 26 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 36 18 12 8 1 0 61 20 12726
2018 Indigenous 20 32 20 12 16 1 0 52 28 411
2018 Non-Indigenous 23 36 19 13 8 1 0 59 21 10004

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 29 47 12 11 1 1 0 76 12 105
2022 First Nations 29 45 15 9 0 2 0 76 9 40
2022 Métis 30 47 10 12 2 0 0 77 14 55
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 49 14 11 4 1 0 71 15 3370
2020 Indigenous 29 42 6 14 7 2 0 72 22 138
2020 Métis 32 45 4 11 4 3 0 80 16 77
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 47 12 11 3 1 1 73 14 3595
2019 Indigenous 30 44 13 10 3 0 0 74 14 118
2019 Métis 35 41 14 7 3 0 0 76 10 70
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 45 15 11 4 1 2 69 16 3277

Work-related stress

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 28 25 17 9 20 0 1 53 30 385
2022 First Nations 26 27 16 6 22 1 2 54 29 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 17 49 8 17 9 0 0 66 26 10
2022 Métis 28 24 16 12 18 0 1 53 30 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 26 17 11 13 0 2 59 24 11635
2020 Indigenous 29 23 19 15 14 0 0 52 29 487
2020 First Nations 28 21 20 14 17 0 0 49 31 193
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 42 25 21 0 12 0 0 67 12 15
2020 Métis 31 25 18 14 12 0 0 55 27 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 28 19 11 10 0 0 61 20 13249
2019 Indigenous 22 19 20 16 22 0 1 42 38 523
2019 First Nations 18 22 23 15 22 0 1 40 37 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 42 18 16 8 17 0 0 60 25 12
2019 Métis 26 19 17 16 22 1 1 45 38 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 25 21 13 17 0 1 48 31 12732
2018 Indigenous 19 20 17 20 23 0 1 39 44 412
2018 Non-Indigenous 19 23 22 15 20 0 1 42 36 10015

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 29 26 22 10 12 0 0 56 22 385
2022 First Nations 26 33 20 7 14 0 0 59 21 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 44 0 33 17 5 0 0 44 23 10
2022 Métis 28 23 25 10 12 0 1 52 23 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 25 28 23 12 11 0 1 53 24 11655
2020 Indigenous 25 27 24 15 8 1 0 52 23 489
2020 First Nations 26 27 24 13 9 0 0 54 22 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 18 30 24 6 21 0 0 49 28 15
2020 Métis 26 26 24 16 7 1 0 52 24 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 29 23 13 9 0 0 55 22 13254
2019 Indigenous 29 28 21 13 9 1 0 57 22 522
2019 First Nations 29 28 20 11 11 1 0 58 22 204
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 33 40 17 0 10 0 0 73 10 12
2019 Métis 28 27 22 15 8 1 0 55 23 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 26 30 23 12 8 0 0 56 20 12726
2018 Indigenous 26 29 22 12 10 0 1 55 22 411
2018 Non-Indigenous 22 29 27 14 8 0 1 51 22 10011

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 37 31 17 6 6 0 2 70 13 385
2022 First Nations 39 28 18 6 6 1 1 69 13 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 36 37 12 8 7 0 0 73 15 10
2022 Métis 35 33 17 6 6 0 3 69 13 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 30 18 9 6 0 2 66 15 11630
2020 Indigenous 36 26 18 11 7 1 1 64 18 486
2020 First Nations 40 25 14 11 9 0 2 66 20 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 36 13 15 0 0 0 72 15 15
2020 Métis 34 27 21 11 6 1 0 62 16 263
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 31 19 9 5 0 1 68 14 13218
2019 Indigenous 40 29 17 8 5 1 1 70 13 520
2019 First Nations 43 24 15 11 6 1 0 68 17 204
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 33 50 17 0 0 0 0 83 0 12
2019 Métis 38 32 17 7 4 1 2 71 11 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 32 19 8 5 0 1 67 13 12658
2018 Indigenous 33 30 15 13 7 0 2 65 20 412
2018 Non-Indigenous 29 32 22 10 5 0 1 62 16 9948

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 19 19 16 18 27 0 1 38 46 385
2022 First Nations 17 22 20 22 19 0 0 39 41 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 44 15 0 18 23 0 0 59 41 10
2022 Métis 19 20 13 16 31 0 1 39 48 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 21 20 16 20 1 1 42 37 11660
2020 Indigenous 25 18 22 16 18 1 0 44 34 489
2020 First Nations 29 19 16 18 17 0 1 48 36 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 18 25 35 7 14 0 0 44 21 15
2020 Métis 24 16 25 15 18 2 0 41 33 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 24 21 14 13 0 1 51 28 13199
2019 Indigenous 25 20 19 18 19 1 0 45 36 522
2019 First Nations 25 20 17 17 22 1 0 45 38 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 24 24 24 10 17 0 0 48 27 12
2019 Métis 25 20 20 18 17 1 0 45 35 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 23 24 21 15 16 0 1 47 31 12676
2018 Indigenous 22 19 18 17 22 1 1 42 40 411
2018 Non-Indigenous 20 23 23 16 16 0 1 43 33 9974

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 57 20 8 2 7 0 6 82 9 385
2022 First Nations 61 16 9 2 5 0 7 83 7 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 43 23 0 0 7 0 26 90 10 10
2022 Métis 57 21 8 2 7 0 5 83 9 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 20 10 5 4 1 8 79 10 11665
2020 Indigenous 56 20 10 4 5 1 4 80 10 486
2020 First Nations 59 20 10 4 3 0 3 82 8 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 70 21 0 9 0 0 0 91 9 14
2020 Métis 56 19 8 4 7 1 5 80 11 262
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 22 10 5 4 0 4 81 9 13211
2019 Indigenous 64 16 10 3 2 1 6 85 5 521
2019 First Nations 61 19 10 3 1 0 6 86 4 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 82 8 0 10 0 0 0 90 10 12
2019 Métis 65 14 10 3 2 1 5 84 5 286
2019 Non-Indigenous 56 21 10 4 3 0 6 83 7 12682
2018 Indigenous 58 18 9 2 4 1 9 85 6 411
2018 Non-Indigenous 52 22 11 5 3 0 7 79 8 9978

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 41 28 12 7 9 0 3 71 16 390
2022 First Nations 44 25 10 9 9 0 2 71 19 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 36 38 0 0 8 0 17 90 10 10
2022 Métis 40 26 15 6 11 0 2 68 17 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 28 16 8 7 0 1 69 15 11670
2020 Indigenous 37 27 20 7 8 1 1 65 15 487
2020 First Nations 40 26 18 8 6 0 2 67 14 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 40 60 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 14
2020 Métis 36 26 20 7 10 1 0 62 17 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 28 18 8 6 0 1 67 14 13227
2019 Indigenous 49 22 14 8 5 0 1 72 14 522
2019 First Nations 47 22 16 8 6 0 0 70 13 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 57 8 16 9 10 0 0 65 19 12
2019 Métis 52 23 11 8 5 1 1 75 13 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 29 17 7 5 0 1 71 12 12686
2018 Indigenous 38 27 17 7 7 0 3 68 14 414
2018 Non-Indigenous 37 28 19 9 6 0 1 66 15 9999

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 33 30 17 9 9 1 1 64 18 390
2022 First Nations 29 33 17 8 11 2 0 63 19 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 56 14 13 0 0 0 17 84 0 10
2022 Métis 38 29 14 10 7 0 2 68 17 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 31 17 8 7 1 1 67 15 11665
2020 Indigenous 30 25 23 12 9 1 1 56 21 489
2020 First Nations 32 24 19 15 8 1 1 57 23 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 50 24 0 6 20 0 0 74 26 15
2020 Métis 28 26 26 9 10 0 1 55 19 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 33 18 8 5 1 1 68 13 13244
2019 Indigenous 32 31 19 8 8 1 1 65 16 523
2019 First Nations 30 33 21 7 7 2 1 64 15 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 42 25 16 0 18 0 0 66 18 12
2019 Métis 35 31 17 8 7 1 0 67 16 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 35 20 9 5 0 1 66 14 12690
2018 Indigenous 29 32 18 10 9 1 1 62 19 412
2018 Non-Indigenous 26 33 23 10 6 1 1 60 16 9961

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 27 31 20 6 13 0 2 59 20 390
2022 First Nations 23 36 15 7 18 1 0 60 26 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 42 28 6 0 5 0 17 86 7 10
2022 Métis 31 30 23 5 10 0 1 61 15 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 31 20 10 8 1 1 61 19 11670
2020 Indigenous 25 30 22 12 11 0 0 55 23 488
2020 First Nations 30 24 22 9 14 0 1 55 23 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 30 36 13 6 14 0 0 67 20 15
2020 Métis 21 35 21 12 10 0 0 56 22 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 33 21 11 6 0 1 62 17 13220
2019 Indigenous 27 31 21 11 7 1 1 60 19 521
2019 First Nations 26 33 19 14 6 0 1 60 21 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 41 33 27 0 0 0 0 73 0 12
2019 Métis 29 30 23 10 7 1 0 59 17 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 33 22 12 7 0 1 59 19 12673
2018 Indigenous 26 28 21 15 8 1 1 55 24 412
2018 Non-Indigenous 23 32 24 13 7 0 1 55 20 9952

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 34 29 16 6 12 0 2 65 19 390
2022 First Nations 30 27 18 7 15 1 1 58 23 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 71 6 0 0 5 0 17 93 7 10
2022 Métis 37 34 14 6 9 0 1 72 14 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 30 17 9 8 0 1 66 17 11680
2020 Indigenous 32 27 19 10 12 0 0 59 22 487
2020 First Nations 37 23 20 6 14 0 0 60 20 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 46 12 21 7 15 0 0 58 22 14
2020 Métis 29 31 17 12 11 0 0 59 24 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 32 18 9 6 0 1 66 16 13215
2019 Indigenous 34 27 19 7 10 1 1 63 18 520
2019 First Nations 33 26 23 7 10 1 1 60 17 204
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 66 16 9 0 10 0 0 81 10 12
2019 Métis 35 29 17 8 10 1 1 64 18 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 31 19 10 7 0 1 63 17 12662
2018 Indigenous 28 31 20 10 9 1 1 60 20 412
2018 Non-Indigenous 29 30 21 12 7 0 1 59 19 9939

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 45 21 15 6 12 0 1 67 19 390
2022 First Nations 45 20 10 7 17 1 0 66 24 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 58 19 5 17 0 0 0 77 17 10
2022 Métis 47 21 18 4 8 0 1 69 12 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 26 13 7 9 1 1 70 16 11670
2020 Indigenous 37 22 15 12 13 0 0 60 26 487
2020 First Nations 35 22 16 12 15 0 0 57 27 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 61 6 13 6 14 0 0 67 20 15
2020 Métis 39 23 14 11 12 1 1 62 23 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 27 14 8 7 0 1 71 15 13202
2019 Indigenous 40 25 15 8 11 1 1 66 19 519
2019 First Nations 41 29 13 6 11 1 0 70 17 203
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 53 18 10 11 8 0 0 70 20 11
2019 Métis 40 23 16 9 11 1 0 64 20 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 27 15 9 8 0 1 68 17 12666

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 54 22 11 4 8 1 2 77 12 390
2022 First Nations 54 24 9 3 8 1 2 80 11 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 59 18 5 0 0 0 17 93 0 10
2022 Métis 56 19 13 4 7 1 1 76 11 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 26 12 5 5 0 1 78 10 11665
2020 Indigenous 32 29 21 11 7 1 0 61 17 486
2020 First Nations 33 28 19 9 9 1 0 62 19 193
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 31 38 19 6 6 0 0 69 12 15
2020 Métis 31 31 22 11 5 0 0 61 16 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 37 30 18 9 5 0 1 67 15 13237

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 42 27 15 6 8 0 2 70 14 385
2022 First Nations 41 28 14 5 9 1 2 71 14 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 41 18 18 5 0 0 17 72 7 10
2022 Métis 43 26 15 6 9 0 1 69 15 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 30 17 7 5 1 1 69 13 11645
2020 Indigenous 36 30 17 10 7 1 0 67 17 488
2020 First Nations 40 30 17 7 6 0 1 70 13 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 27 12 13 0 0 0 75 13 15
2020 Métis 33 31 17 10 8 2 0 65 17 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 31 19 9 5 0 1 67 14 13237
2019 Indigenous 41 29 15 8 5 1 1 70 14 523
2019 First Nations 41 29 14 7 7 1 1 71 14 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 66 26 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 12
2019 Métis 40 29 16 10 4 1 0 69 15 289
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 33 17 8 4 0 1 71 12 12635
2018 Indigenous 41 30 13 9 5 1 1 72 14 410
2018 Non-Indigenous 33 32 20 10 4 0 1 65 15 9928

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 56 20 11 4 7 0 2 78 11 385
2022 First Nations 56 20 12 3 8 0 2 76 11 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 59 10 0 5 0 0 25 93 7 10
2022 Métis 55 21 11 4 7 0 2 78 11 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 24 10 4 4 0 2 81 9 11645
2020 Indigenous 43 29 14 6 6 1 0 73 13 485
2020 First Nations 47 25 14 7 6 0 0 72 14 193
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 62 11 6 13 7 0 0 73 21 15
2020 Métis 41 32 14 5 6 1 1 74 12 263
2020 Non-Indigenous 48 29 14 5 3 0 1 78 8 13180
2019 Indigenous 49 23 16 5 5 1 1 74 10 521
2019 First Nations 46 27 15 5 5 1 1 75 10 204
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 66 16 10 8 0 0 0 82 8 12
2019 Métis 51 21 16 6 4 1 1 73 10 288
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 26 13 5 3 0 1 79 8 12631
2018 Indigenous 52 22 13 6 5 0 1 76 11 409
2018 Non-Indigenous 51 26 13 5 3 0 2 79 8 9904

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 39 31 15 6 7 0 1 71 14 390
2022 First Nations 40 33 10 7 10 0 1 73 17 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 42 41 0 0 0 0 17 100 0 10
2022 Métis 38 31 18 5 6 0 1 70 12 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 32 16 7 5 0 1 71 12 11670
2020 Indigenous 30 32 20 12 5 0 1 63 17 485
2020 First Nations 33 33 20 9 4 0 0 66 13 193
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 42 26 20 6 6 0 0 68 12 15
2020 Métis 28 32 21 12 6 1 1 61 18 263
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 34 20 9 5 0 0 66 14 13198

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 70 14 7 3 3 0 5 87 6 385
2022 First Nations 68 11 9 3 4 0 5 84 7 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 66 12 0 0 0 0 23 100 0 10
2022 Métis 71 15 5 3 2 0 4 90 5 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 70 13 5 2 2 1 7 91 4 11670
2020 Indigenous 61 20 8 4 4 1 2 83 8 482
2020 First Nations 65 16 9 2 6 0 2 83 8 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 78 9 14 0 0 0 0 86 0 14
2020 Métis 58 23 7 4 4 2 2 85 8 260
2020 Non-Indigenous 67 18 7 2 1 1 4 89 4 13192
2019 Indigenous 65 16 8 2 4 1 5 85 7 517
2019 First Nations 64 17 8 3 3 1 4 85 7 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 92 0 0 0 0 8 0 100 0 12
2019 Métis 66 16 7 2 5 1 4 86 7 284
2019 Non-Indigenous 69 15 6 2 2 1 5 89 4 12622
2018 Indigenous 61 17 9 5 5 0 4 81 10 407
2018 Non-Indigenous 67 18 7 2 2 1 4 88 4 9925

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 68 13 6 2 6 3 2 85 9 390
2022 First Nations 68 10 8 1 6 5 1 84 7 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 87 5 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 10
2022 Métis 69 15 3 4 4 3 2 89 8 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 73 11 5 3 4 1 3 88 7 11675
2020 Indigenous 66 12 7 5 8 0 2 80 13 483
2020 First Nations 63 11 10 4 10 0 2 75 14 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 81 6 6 0 7 0 0 86 7 15
2020 Métis 69 12 6 5 6 0 2 83 11 259
2020 Non-Indigenous 76 11 5 3 3 1 2 90 5 13180
2019 Indigenous 66 13 7 4 7 1 2 82 11 519
2019 First Nations 70 11 6 6 5 1 2 83 10 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 57 17 8 8 10 0 0 74 18 12
2019 Métis 66 15 7 3 8 1 1 82 11 284
2019 Non-Indigenous 71 13 6 4 4 1 2 86 8 12681
2018 Indigenous 61 12 8 9 7 1 3 76 17 409
2018 Non-Indigenous 68 14 7 4 4 1 2 84 8 9926

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 60 21 9 3 5 1 1 83 8 385
2022 First Nations 56 21 13 2 3 3 2 81 6 145
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 88 12 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 10
2022 Métis 62 20 8 3 5 0 1 84 8 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 63 21 8 3 3 0 2 87 6 11675
2020 Indigenous 55 25 10 4 5 0 1 80 10 482
2020 First Nations 57 21 13 4 4 0 1 79 8 192
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 47 33 21 0 0 0 0 79 0 14
2020 Métis 53 27 8 5 6 0 1 81 11 262
2020 Non-Indigenous 63 22 8 3 2 0 1 87 5 13152
2019 Indigenous 49 29 11 5 4 1 1 79 9 516
2019 First Nations 50 29 11 7 3 0 0 79 10 203
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 33 49 18 0 0 0 0 82 0 12
2019 Métis 50 27 12 4 5 0 1 78 10 284
2019 Non-Indigenous 53 28 11 4 3 0 1 82 7 12654
2018 Indigenous 47 27 11 9 5 0 1 75 14 411
2018 Non-Indigenous 51 29 12 5 3 0 1 80 8 9976

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 58 17 10 5 8 1 0 76 14 385
2022 First Nations 56 18 11 6 7 2 0 76 13 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 68 12 15 0 5 0 0 80 5 10
2022 Métis 61 16 10 5 7 0 1 78 12 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 62 19 8 4 5 0 2 82 9 11650
2020 Indigenous 54 18 12 8 8 0 0 72 16 484
2020 First Nations 50 18 16 6 10 0 1 69 15 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 24 21 6 0 0 0 72 6 15
2020 Métis 58 17 9 9 7 0 0 75 16 262
2020 Non-Indigenous 63 19 8 5 5 0 1 82 9 13187
2019 Indigenous 56 18 11 5 8 1 1 75 14 519
2019 First Nations 53 21 14 6 5 0 1 75 11 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 56 16 9 0 18 0 0 73 18 12
2019 Métis 58 17 9 5 9 0 1 76 15 285
2019 Non-Indigenous 57 21 10 6 5 0 1 79 11 12634
2018 Indigenous 47 24 11 9 9 0 1 71 18 411
2018 Non-Indigenous 51 23 12 7 6 0 1 75 13 9949

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 66 10 3 1 3 1 16 91 5 390
2022 First Nations 68 9 2 2 3 1 14 92 6 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 41 24 10 0 0 0 25 87 0 10
2022 Métis 68 8 5 0 3 0 16 91 4 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 62 11 4 2 1 0 19 91 4 11665
2020 Indigenous 59 13 6 3 3 0 16 85 7 484
2020 First Nations 66 10 8 1 2 0 13 88 3 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 14 6 6 0 0 26 84 9 15
2020 Métis 55 15 4 4 5 0 18 85 10 261
2020 Non-Indigenous 61 12 5 2 1 0 18 91 4 13213
2019 Indigenous 57 9 5 2 2 1 24 88 5 517
2019 First Nations 59 10 7 2 2 0 20 87 5 204
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 49 18 0 0 0 0 33 100 0 12
2019 Métis 58 9 4 3 1 0 24 89 5 285
2019 Non-Indigenous 57 13 5 2 1 0 21 89 4 12606
2018 Indigenous 52 11 4 4 1 0 27 87 7 403
2018 Non-Indigenous 53 13 6 2 1 0 25 88 4 9904

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 66 17 6 3 3 1 5 88 6 385
2022 First Nations 63 17 8 4 1 2 3 86 6 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 82 12 6 0 0 0 0 94 0 10
2022 Métis 68 18 4 2 3 0 5 90 5 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 67 18 6 2 2 0 5 90 4 11655
2020 Indigenous 59 23 9 4 3 0 1 83 7 487
2020 First Nations 57 24 13 4 2 0 1 81 6 193
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 44 49 6 0 0 0 0 94 0 15
2020 Métis 61 22 7 5 4 0 2 84 9 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 67 20 6 2 1 0 2 90 3 13252
2019 Indigenous 65 17 9 2 1 1 5 87 3 519
2019 First Nations 64 20 11 1 0 0 4 87 2 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 66 8 16 0 10 0 0 74 10 12
2019 Métis 68 15 7 2 1 1 6 89 3 285
2019 Non-Indigenous 67 19 7 2 1 0 4 90 3 12636
2018 Indigenous 65 16 7 5 2 0 5 85 8 405
2018 Non-Indigenous 62 21 7 2 1 0 5 89 4 9915

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 74 12 5 3 4 1 3 88 7 390
2022 First Nations 68 13 6 3 4 1 5 86 7 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 67 23 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 10
2022 Métis 78 10 4 4 3 0 2 89 7 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 76 12 4 2 2 1 4 91 4 11685
2020 Indigenous 72 14 7 2 3 0 1 87 6 489
2020 First Nations 68 16 7 4 3 0 3 86 7 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 61 25 6 7 0 0 0 86 7 15
2020 Métis 77 11 7 1 4 0 0 88 5 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 75 15 5 2 2 1 1 91 4 13255
2019 Indigenous 70 12 6 2 4 1 4 87 7 517
2019 First Nations 70 16 6 2 3 1 2 89 5 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 72 17 0 0 10 0 0 90 10 12
2019 Métis 72 10 5 3 4 1 4 87 8 282
2019 Non-Indigenous 75 13 5 2 2 0 2 90 5 12675
2018 Indigenous 70 11 7 4 3 0 5 86 7 411
2018 Non-Indigenous 71 15 6 3 3 0 3 89 5 9953

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 55 24 11 3 4 0 3 81 7 390
2022 First Nations 49 23 16 4 4 1 3 75 8 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 50 31 19 0 0 0 0 81 0 10
2022 Métis 57 24 9 3 5 0 3 83 8 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 25 11 4 2 0 3 83 6 11680
2020 Indigenous 50 30 12 4 3 0 1 81 7 488
2020 First Nations 50 27 14 4 4 0 1 79 7 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 50 23 12 7 7 0 0 73 15 15
2020 Métis 51 31 11 4 2 0 0 83 6 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 28 12 4 2 0 1 81 6 13256
2019 Indigenous 56 22 13 3 2 1 2 82 5 519
2019 First Nations 57 22 14 2 3 0 1 80 6 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 58 32 10 0 0 0 0 90 0 12
2019 Métis 57 22 13 3 1 1 3 83 4 285
2019 Non-Indigenous 58 26 10 3 2 0 1 85 5 12626
2018 Indigenous 51 24 14 4 3 1 2 78 7 409
2018 Non-Indigenous 53 28 11 4 2 0 2 83 6 9935

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)		 Low
(%)		 Moderate
(%)		 High
(%)		 Very High
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 14 33 32 11 10 0 0 47 21 390
2022 First Nations 12 37 29 11 10 1 0 49 22 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 8 53 34 0 5 0 0 60 5 10
2022 Métis 16 30 32 12 10 0 0 46 22 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 32 35 12 6 0 0 47 18 11705
2020 Indigenous 13 31 33 14 9 0 0 44 23 488
2020 First Nations 11 31 32 14 12 0 0 43 26 194
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 31 36 18 7 7 0 0 67 15 15
2020 Métis 13 32 34 13 7 0 0 45 20 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 35 31 12 4 0 0 53 16 13266
2019 Indigenous 21 33 28 11 6 0 0 54 18 522
2019 First Nations 21 31 29 12 6 1 0 53 18 206
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 0 65 25 0 10 0 0 65 10 12
2019 Métis 22 34 27 11 7 0 0 55 18 287
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 34 30 11 4 0 0 55 15 12747
2018 Indigenous 18 32 31 13 7 0 0 49 20 413
2018 Non-Indigenous 18 32 32 12 5 0 0 51 17 10033

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 13 17 36 19 14 1 1 34 30 385
2022 First Nations 15 20 33 21 10 1 2 31 35 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 0 13 29 42 17 0 0 59 13 10
2022 Métis 13 15 37 17 17 1 0 34 28 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 18 37 22 13 0 1 36 27 11670
2020 Indigenous 14 22 34 20 9 0 0 29 37 488
2020 First Nations 18 19 33 22 8 0 0 30 36 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 15 0 30 42 13 0 0 55 15 15
2020 Métis 11 26 35 18 10 1 0 28 37 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 18 35 24 12 0 0 36 28 13223
2019 Indigenous 13 20 29 25 12 0 0 37 34 518
2019 First Nations 11 24 33 20 12 0 0 32 35 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 10 9 40 33 8 0 0 41 19 12
2019 Métis 16 18 25 28 13 0 0 41 34 284
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 16 36 25 13 0 0 39 25 12566
2018 Indigenous 13 19 31 23 13 0 0 37 32 407
2018 Non-Indigenous 9 18 35 24 13 0 0 38 27 9897
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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Not sure
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 32 53 14 1 390
2022 First Nations 30 55 14 0 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 44 56 0 0 10
2022 Métis 29 53 17 2 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 63 12 1 11705
2020 Indigenous 36 44 19 1 489
2020 First Nations 36 42 20 2 196
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 31 63 6 0 15
2020 Métis 36 46 18 0 265
2020 Non-Indigenous 32 51 16 1 13290

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 36 64 105
2022 First Nations 39 61 35
2022 Métis 44 56 55
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 63 2675
2020 Indigenous 32 68 170
2020 Métis 27 73 93
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 66 4043

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 43 13 10 6 9 5 13 68 19 390
2022 First Nations 43 17 8 7 10 6 10 71 20 150
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 64 8 0 0 7 0 22 91 9 10
2022 Métis 42 13 12 7 9 3 15 66 19 210
2022 Non-Indigenous 45 15 10 6 6 3 16 74 14 11700
2020 Indigenous 40 13 18 10 10 1 7 58 22 487
2020 First Nations 40 13 20 11 8 2 7 58 21 195
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 61 20 0 6 7 0 6 86 14 15
2020 Métis 40 13 17 9 13 1 7 58 24 264
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 18 12 8 8 2 9 70 17 13278
2019 Indigenous 36 17 16 13 13 1 4 56 27 515
2019 First Nations 35 16 15 15 15 1 3 53 31 205
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 33 26 17 9 16 0 0 59 24 12
2019 Métis 38 17 17 11 11 1 4 59 24 282
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 17 14 10 11 1 6 62 23 12513
2018 Indigenous 35 11 15 15 17 1 6 50 34 413
2018 Non-Indigenous 40 15 14 10 13 1 7 60 25 9956

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 15 20 12 17 34 0 3 35 52 105
2022 First Nations 12 18 18 10 34 0 7 32 48 35
2022 Métis 23 24 9 16 26 0 1 48 43 55
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 18 15 19 31 2 4 30 54 2675
2020 Indigenous 13 13 24 16 29 2 3 27 47 169
2020 Métis 7 15 24 17 32 4 1 23 52 92
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 21 17 20 27 1 3 33 49 4039

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 14 16 10 19 40 1 1 30 60 105
2022 First Nations 18 13 2 27 38 0 2 32 66 35
2022 Métis 13 26 11 11 37 2 0 40 49 55
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 17 14 21 39 2 2 23 62 2665
2020 Indigenous 8 15 21 16 40 0 0 23 56 170
2020 Métis 6 12 24 15 44 0 0 18 59 93
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 17 15 22 38 1 2 23 62 4042
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