2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Employment and Social Development Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Table of contents

Top of page

Employee engagement

Employee engagement

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 46 32 10 7 4 0 0 79 11 735
2022 First Nations 50 29 9 8 3 0 0 80 11 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 47 37 0 0 11 5 0 89 11 20
2022 Métis 41 35 13 6 5 0 0 77 11 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 37 11 6 4 0 0 79 10 19805
2020 Indigenous 47 31 11 6 3 0 0 79 10 772
2020 First Nations 45 31 12 7 5 0 0 76 13 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 52 24 13 4 7 0 0 76 11 25
2020 Métis 49 32 11 6 2 1 0 81 8 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 38 11 7 3 0 0 80 10 18106
2019 Indigenous 41 36 10 6 6 0 0 78 12 687
2019 First Nations 41 34 11 6 7 0 0 76 13 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 38 43 8 8 3 0 0 81 11 35
2019 Métis 42 36 10 6 5 0 0 78 12 355
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 39 12 8 5 0 0 75 13 15109
2018 Indigenous 39 38 12 7 5 0 0 77 12 640
2018 Non-Indigenous 33 43 12 8 4 0 0 76 12 13807

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 41 30 14 8 7 0 0 72 15 735
2022 First Nations 46 29 10 8 6 0 0 75 15 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 47 27 10 0 10 0 6 79 11 20
2022 Métis 36 33 17 8 6 0 0 69 15 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 35 12 8 5 0 0 75 13 19790
2020 Indigenous 37 33 14 10 5 0 0 70 15 767
2020 First Nations 36 35 15 9 6 0 0 71 15 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 36 17 8 4 0 0 72 11 25
2020 Métis 39 31 13 12 5 1 0 70 16 404
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 36 14 9 5 0 0 72 14 18058
2019 Indigenous 33 34 14 11 8 0 0 67 19 688
2019 First Nations 32 33 14 12 9 0 0 65 20 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 47 34 8 8 3 0 0 81 11 35
2019 Métis 32 34 14 11 9 0 0 67 20 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 36 15 11 8 0 0 66 19 15074
2018 Indigenous 29 31 17 13 9 0 0 60 23 646
2018 Non-Indigenous 29 38 15 11 7 0 0 67 18 13800

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 59 26 10 3 2 0 0 85 5 735
2022 First Nations 63 24 8 4 2 0 0 86 6 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 51 38 0 0 11 0 0 89 11 20
2022 Métis 54 29 13 2 2 0 0 83 4 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 31 10 3 2 0 0 86 5 19795
2020 Indigenous 59 28 8 3 2 1 0 87 5 768
2020 First Nations 57 28 9 4 2 1 0 85 6 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 68 20 12 0 0 0 0 88 0 25
2020 Métis 60 29 7 2 2 1 0 89 4 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 31 9 3 2 0 0 86 5 17942
2019 Indigenous 56 29 9 3 2 0 0 85 5 685
2019 First Nations 58 29 9 2 2 0 0 87 4 276
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 54 34 8 4 0 0 0 88 4 35
2019 Métis 55 29 10 4 3 0 0 84 6 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 50 33 11 4 2 0 0 83 6 15017
2018 Indigenous 58 30 8 3 1 0 0 88 4 640
2018 Non-Indigenous 49 35 10 4 2 0 0 85 6 13717

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 52 31 10 4 4 0 0 83 8 735
2022 First Nations 57 29 6 5 3 0 0 85 8 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 34 46 0 4 16 0 0 80 20 20
2022 Métis 48 32 13 3 4 0 0 80 7 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 35 10 5 3 0 0 81 8 19810
2020 Indigenous 51 32 8 5 3 0 0 84 8 769
2020 First Nations 55 27 9 6 3 1 0 82 9 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 44 32 13 4 7 0 0 76 11 25
2020 Métis 49 36 7 4 2 0 0 86 7 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 36 10 5 3 0 0 82 8 18109
2019 Indigenous 47 32 11 6 4 0 0 80 10 688
2019 First Nations 46 32 12 6 4 0 0 78 10 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 47 27 18 8 0 0 0 74 8 35
2019 Métis 48 33 9 6 3 0 0 81 10 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 38 11 6 4 0 0 78 10 15110
2018 Indigenous 45 34 11 6 4 0 0 79 10 647
2018 Non-Indigenous 38 40 12 6 3 0 0 78 10 13825

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 52 28 9 6 5 1 0 80 11 735
2022 First Nations 58 26 5 5 5 0 0 85 10 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 34 47 4 5 10 0 0 81 16 20
2022 Métis 47 28 12 6 6 1 0 76 12 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 30 10 6 4 0 0 80 10 19805
2020 Indigenous 50 28 12 4 5 1 0 79 9 771
2020 First Nations 51 29 12 3 6 1 0 80 9 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 40 28 16 5 11 0 0 68 16 25
2020 Métis 50 28 13 4 3 2 0 79 8 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 30 11 5 3 1 0 80 9 18027
2019 Indigenous 41 28 17 6 7 1 0 70 13 685
2019 First Nations 42 28 15 7 8 0 0 70 15 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 42 22 16 11 5 4 0 66 17 35
2019 Métis 40 28 19 5 6 1 0 69 12 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 32 15 8 6 1 0 71 14 15070
2018 Indigenous 39 29 16 8 7 1 0 69 15 645
2018 Non-Indigenous 37 33 16 8 5 1 0 70 13 13809

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 51 28 9 7 5 0 0 79 12 735
2022 First Nations 56 27 6 7 4 0 0 83 11 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 43 41 0 5 10 0 0 84 16 20
2022 Métis 47 29 11 7 6 1 0 76 13 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 32 10 7 4 0 0 79 11 19790
2020 Indigenous 48 31 10 6 4 1 0 80 10 769
2020 First Nations 50 29 10 6 5 1 0 80 11 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 44 28 12 5 11 0 0 72 16 25
2020 Métis 48 32 11 5 3 1 0 81 9 404
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 33 11 6 3 0 0 80 9 17926
2019 Indigenous 39 32 13 8 7 0 0 72 15 679
2019 First Nations 39 33 11 9 9 0 0 72 18 275
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 42 27 13 12 5 0 0 69 18 35
2019 Métis 39 32 16 7 6 0 0 71 13 352
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 35 14 8 5 0 0 72 14 15011
2018 Indigenous 37 32 15 9 7 0 0 69 16 639
2018 Non-Indigenous 35 36 16 8 5 0 0 71 13 13732

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 38 22 17 9 8 5 0 63 19 735
2022 First Nations 41 20 16 10 7 6 0 65 18 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 31 34 6 4 20 5 0 68 26 20
2022 Métis 34 23 19 10 9 5 0 60 20 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 23 18 10 8 5 0 62 19 19800
2020 Indigenous 36 22 19 10 8 6 0 61 19 772
2020 First Nations 34 21 19 11 9 6 0 59 20 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 32 32 12 4 16 4 0 66 21 25
2020 Métis 37 22 18 10 6 6 1 64 17 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 24 19 10 6 4 0 63 17 18086
2019 Indigenous 31 21 19 11 12 4 1 55 25 687
2019 First Nations 27 24 19 13 12 3 1 54 26 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 28 24 13 16 11 7 0 57 29 35
2019 Métis 34 19 21 10 12 4 0 55 23 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 24 19 13 10 4 0 56 24 15113
2018 Indigenous 30 20 19 17 11 4 0 52 29 646
2018 Non-Indigenous 28 24 20 13 10 4 0 55 24 13827
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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 44 24 13 4 4 2 9 76 9 735
2022 First Nations 44 24 13 3 4 1 10 77 8 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 30 32 10 5 4 11 9 77 11 20
2022 Métis 43 23 14 5 4 2 9 75 9 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 24 14 4 3 2 11 76 8 19800
2020 Indigenous 42 19 19 5 4 3 8 69 10 772
2020 First Nations 39 20 19 6 5 2 8 66 12 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 28 24 32 0 4 4 8 60 4 25
2020 Métis 46 19 16 5 3 4 8 73 9 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 24 16 5 3 2 9 73 9 18061
2019 Indigenous 43 21 16 6 6 1 7 70 13 685
2019 First Nations 41 23 16 8 4 1 7 70 13 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 50 18 11 8 3 0 11 76 12 35
2019 Métis 44 20 16 5 7 1 6 69 13 355
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 25 17 5 4 2 8 71 10 15099

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 55 24 9 7 4 1 1 80 11 735
2022 First Nations 60 21 5 8 5 0 1 82 13 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 39 27 5 13 10 6 0 70 24 20
2022 Métis 51 26 13 5 3 1 1 79 8 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 29 8 4 2 1 1 85 7 19760
2020 Indigenous 50 28 10 5 5 1 1 80 10 773
2020 First Nations 51 25 11 6 6 0 1 77 12 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 39 16 9 0 0 0 75 9 25
2020 Métis 51 30 9 4 3 2 0 83 8 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 30 10 5 3 1 1 81 9 18075
2019 Indigenous 47 28 10 8 6 1 0 76 14 683
2019 First Nations 48 26 11 6 8 1 0 75 14 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 57 24 8 6 3 3 0 83 9 34
2019 Métis 45 30 9 9 6 1 0 76 15 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 47 31 10 6 4 1 0 79 10 15059
2018 Indigenous 42 28 12 11 6 1 0 71 17 642
2018 Non-Indigenous 45 33 10 7 4 1 0 79 11 13753

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 61 21 9 6 4 0 0 82 10 735
2022 First Nations 63 18 8 7 3 0 0 81 11 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 43 23 14 15 5 0 0 66 20 20
2022 Métis 60 24 8 3 4 1 0 84 7 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 61 24 7 4 3 0 0 86 7 19810
2020 Indigenous 58 22 11 5 3 1 0 81 8 770
2020 First Nations 56 23 11 6 3 0 0 79 9 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 52 16 20 8 5 0 0 68 13 25
2020 Métis 60 22 10 4 3 1 0 83 7 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 57 26 9 5 3 0 1 84 7 18122
2019 Indigenous 55 25 10 5 5 0 0 80 10 687
2019 First Nations 55 26 10 5 4 1 0 81 9 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 58 24 8 7 3 0 0 82 10 35
2019 Métis 54 25 10 5 5 0 0 79 10 355
2019 Non-Indigenous 53 28 9 6 4 0 0 81 10 15119
2018 Indigenous 48 25 14 7 6 1 0 73 13 644
2018 Non-Indigenous 49 29 11 6 5 0 0 78 11 13794

Senior management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 46 24 12 5 4 9 0 76 11 735
2022 First Nations 51 21 10 6 4 7 0 78 11 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 32 42 13 0 5 8 0 80 6 20
2022 Métis 42 25 13 5 5 9 0 75 11 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 25 12 4 3 11 1 78 8 19810
2020 Indigenous 44 21 14 6 3 13 0 74 10 771
2020 First Nations 49 18 11 7 2 12 1 77 10 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 28 20 20 20 0 12 0 54 23 25
2020 Métis 42 24 14 5 3 12 0 75 9 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 26 12 4 3 11 1 78 9 18108
2019 Indigenous 37 27 13 7 7 8 0 70 15 686
2019 First Nations 40 26 14 6 7 7 0 70 15 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 50 11 11 8 5 15 0 72 16 35
2019 Métis 34 29 13 7 7 9 0 70 16 355
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 31 15 7 5 8 0 70 13 15099
2018 Indigenous 36 24 16 8 7 9 0 65 17 649
2018 Non-Indigenous 31 31 16 7 5 9 0 68 14 13857

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 42 25 14 8 6 4 0 70 15 735
2022 First Nations 48 24 12 6 7 4 0 75 13 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 43 33 10 5 5 4 0 79 11 20
2022 Métis 37 24 17 11 7 5 0 64 18 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 29 15 7 6 5 0 71 14 19805
2020 Indigenous 43 27 13 7 5 5 0 73 13 771
2020 First Nations 47 24 11 8 5 5 0 75 13 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 24 12 21 4 4 0 62 25 25
2020 Métis 40 29 15 6 5 5 0 73 12 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 30 14 7 4 4 0 74 11 18063
2019 Indigenous 36 29 12 10 9 4 0 67 20 685
2019 First Nations 37 30 12 9 9 4 0 70 18 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 44 22 13 8 5 7 0 71 15 35
2019 Métis 33 29 14 11 9 4 0 65 21 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 32 17 10 7 3 0 65 17 15062
2018 Indigenous 32 27 15 11 10 4 0 62 22 647
2018 Non-Indigenous 29 32 18 11 7 3 0 63 18 13812

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 34 24 16 12 8 6 0 62 21 735
2022 First Nations 39 22 15 10 6 7 0 66 17 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 38 29 10 13 5 4 0 70 20 20
2022 Métis 29 25 17 13 10 5 0 58 24 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 28 17 11 7 8 0 62 19 19800
2020 Indigenous 34 26 15 11 6 8 0 65 19 769
2020 First Nations 36 26 15 9 6 7 1 67 17 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 24 20 20 28 0 8 0 48 30 25
2020 Métis 34 26 14 11 7 8 0 65 19 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 31 17 10 5 8 0 66 16 18035
2019 Indigenous 25 26 17 15 10 7 0 55 26 684
2019 First Nations 25 27 17 12 11 8 0 57 25 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 42 16 16 16 3 7 0 62 20 35
2019 Métis 24 25 18 16 10 7 0 53 28 353
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 30 20 13 8 7 0 56 22 15042
2018 Indigenous 23 29 16 14 12 7 0 55 28 648
2018 Non-Indigenous 20 30 21 14 8 7 0 54 23 13802

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 31 31 13 13 9 3 0 64 22 735
2022 First Nations 36 31 12 10 8 2 0 69 19 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 30 29 13 18 5 4 0 62 24 20
2022 Métis 27 32 14 14 10 3 0 60 25 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 31 31 15 11 8 4 0 64 20 19810
2020 Indigenous 34 27 14 12 8 4 0 64 21 771
2020 First Nations 37 26 13 11 7 5 0 67 19 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 32 27 12 17 4 8 0 64 22 25
2020 Métis 34 27 15 13 8 4 0 63 22 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 34 15 12 6 4 0 65 19 18098
2019 Indigenous 25 28 17 15 12 4 0 55 28 685
2019 First Nations 25 32 15 13 12 3 0 58 26 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 42 11 11 21 3 12 0 60 28 35
2019 Métis 24 26 18 15 13 3 0 52 29 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 33 18 15 10 3 0 56 25 15091
2018 Indigenous 22 27 16 16 14 5 0 52 31 650
2018 Non-Indigenous 20 33 18 16 10 4 0 54 26 13843
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Workforce

Performance management

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 39 31 14 8 8 0 1 70 16 735
2022 First Nations 44 26 13 8 8 0 1 71 16 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 42 39 0 9 5 5 0 85 15 20
2022 Métis 33 33 16 9 8 0 1 67 17 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 33 14 8 5 0 0 72 14 19815
2020 Indigenous 36 33 16 10 5 1 0 69 15 771
2020 First Nations 35 33 14 9 7 1 1 69 16 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 32 48 12 8 0 0 0 80 8 25
2020 Métis 36 32 17 10 5 1 0 68 14 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 35 15 10 5 0 1 69 15 18106
2019 Indigenous 31 34 13 13 9 0 0 66 22 688
2019 First Nations 32 34 14 10 10 0 0 66 21 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 44 29 10 16 0 0 0 73 16 35
2019 Métis 29 35 12 15 8 0 0 65 23 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 36 16 12 8 0 0 64 21 15113
2018 Indigenous 27 28 18 13 13 0 0 55 26 648
2018 Non-Indigenous 26 35 17 12 9 0 0 61 22 13854

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 45 36 8 7 3 0 0 81 11 735
2022 First Nations 49 35 5 7 4 0 0 84 11 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 51 24 5 4 10 0 6 79 15 20
2022 Métis 42 36 10 8 3 0 0 79 11 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 39 8 6 2 0 0 84 8 19795
2020 Indigenous 40 38 10 8 4 0 0 78 12 766
2020 First Nations 40 39 10 9 3 0 0 79 11 317
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 28 9 8 7 0 0 76 15 25
2020 Métis 40 37 11 8 4 0 0 77 12 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 40 10 8 3 0 0 79 11 18007
2019 Indigenous 37 38 12 10 3 0 0 75 13 682
2019 First Nations 40 34 14 9 3 0 0 74 12 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 39 30 11 20 0 0 0 69 20 35
2019 Métis 34 42 11 10 4 0 0 76 14 352
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 43 11 9 3 0 0 77 12 15038
2018 Indigenous 34 38 12 10 5 0 0 72 15 647
2018 Non-Indigenous 32 42 12 9 4 0 0 75 13 13856

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 50 28 9 6 5 0 1 79 12 735
2022 First Nations 54 24 10 6 6 0 2 78 12 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 34 45 5 0 10 6 0 84 11 20
2022 Métis 45 33 9 7 4 0 2 80 11 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 31 9 6 3 1 1 82 9 19800
2020 Indigenous 47 29 10 8 5 1 0 77 13 772
2020 First Nations 46 29 9 10 4 2 0 76 15 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 40 44 8 4 4 0 0 84 8 25
2020 Métis 49 28 10 7 5 1 1 78 12 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 30 12 7 4 1 1 78 11 18057
2019 Indigenous 45 25 12 10 6 1 0 71 17 682
2019 First Nations 46 26 11 10 6 0 1 73 16 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 43 25 21 9 3 0 0 68 11 34
2019 Métis 44 25 13 11 6 1 0 70 17 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 32 12 8 5 1 1 75 13 15096
2018 Indigenous 35 34 12 11 7 1 0 69 18 648
2018 Non-Indigenous 38 35 12 8 5 1 0 75 13 13803

Job fit and development

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 40 36 9 10 5 0 0 76 15 730
2022 First Nations 45 35 7 9 4 0 0 80 13 310
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 39 33 0 17 11 0 0 72 28 20
2022 Métis 37 37 9 10 7 0 0 74 17 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 40 9 9 4 0 0 78 13 19790
2020 Indigenous 39 35 9 12 4 0 1 75 16 770
2020 First Nations 38 36 9 13 3 0 0 74 16 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 52 24 9 8 4 0 4 79 12 25
2020 Métis 41 34 8 10 5 0 1 76 16 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 40 10 10 3 0 1 76 14 18016
2019 Indigenous 31 37 12 14 6 0 0 68 20 684
2019 First Nations 37 33 12 13 5 0 0 71 17 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 43 25 8 18 6 0 0 68 24 34
2019 Métis 26 41 13 14 6 0 0 67 20 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 42 11 13 5 0 0 71 18 15073
2018 Indigenous 27 43 9 14 6 0 1 71 20 649
2018 Non-Indigenous 27 47 9 12 5 0 1 74 17 13868

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 56 22 9 5 5 2 1 80 10 735
2022 First Nations 59 20 9 4 6 2 1 81 10 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 47 24 0 15 5 10 0 78 22 20
2022 Métis 53 24 9 4 5 3 1 81 10 385
2022 Non-Indigenous 56 24 10 4 3 2 1 82 7 19800
2020 Indigenous 53 21 13 5 4 2 2 77 10 771
2020 First Nations 54 19 12 6 5 2 2 76 12 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 35 16 5 4 4 0 74 9 25
2020 Métis 53 22 14 4 4 2 1 77 8 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 51 24 12 5 4 2 2 78 9 18044

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 37 33 12 8 7 2 0 71 16 735
2022 First Nations 41 32 11 6 7 2 0 76 13 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 38 38 5 5 14 0 0 76 19 20
2022 Métis 34 34 13 10 7 2 1 69 17 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 34 33 14 9 6 3 0 70 16 19800
2020 Indigenous 36 28 15 10 6 5 0 67 17 768
2020 First Nations 38 25 15 9 7 6 1 67 18 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 32 17 8 7 0 0 68 15 25
2020 Métis 35 30 14 11 6 4 0 68 17 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 33 16 10 6 4 0 67 17 18046
2019 Indigenous 27 29 15 14 11 4 0 58 25 687
2019 First Nations 27 27 15 15 11 5 0 57 27 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 37 16 18 16 8 4 0 56 25 35
2019 Métis 26 31 16 12 11 4 0 59 24 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 32 17 13 10 3 0 58 24 15077
2018 Indigenous 23 31 16 13 15 2 0 56 28 646
2018 Non-Indigenous 22 33 18 13 10 3 0 57 24 13830

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 50 22 11 5 6 1 5 77 12 735
2022 First Nations 53 22 9 4 5 2 5 81 10 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 39 19 0 29 10 0 4 60 40 20
2022 Métis 47 24 12 5 7 1 5 75 12 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 23 11 4 4 1 5 79 9 19805
2020 Indigenous 46 26 13 6 5 1 3 75 11 773
2020 First Nations 48 24 12 6 5 0 4 76 12 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 57 19 8 4 8 0 4 79 12 25
2020 Métis 44 28 15 5 4 1 3 75 10 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 22 13 5 4 1 4 77 10 18113
2019 Indigenous 43 25 14 8 6 0 4 71 15 686
2019 First Nations 43 25 15 6 7 0 3 71 14 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 39 24 11 6 5 0 15 75 13 35
2019 Métis 44 26 13 10 4 1 3 72 15 355
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 23 14 5 4 1 4 76 10 15091

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 54 20 11 5 3 2 4 79 9 735
2022 First Nations 58 17 9 6 3 2 5 81 10 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 43 29 9 5 5 4 4 79 11 20
2022 Métis 52 21 13 5 4 2 3 77 9 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 49 23 12 5 4 2 5 77 10 19800
2020 Indigenous 48 23 14 6 4 2 3 75 11 771
2020 First Nations 48 23 12 6 5 1 4 76 12 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 32 16 7 9 0 0 68 16 25
2020 Métis 48 22 14 6 3 2 3 75 10 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 48 23 13 6 4 2 4 76 11 18096
2019 Indigenous 47 21 15 7 5 2 4 72 13 686
2019 First Nations 46 18 17 7 5 1 6 69 13 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 55 14 3 8 8 3 10 78 19 35
2019 Métis 47 23 15 6 5 2 1 73 12 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 23 17 7 5 2 4 69 13 15079

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 73 10 3 1 3 4 5 91 5 735
2022 First Nations 72 11 3 1 3 5 6 92 4 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 62 11 4 0 5 14 4 88 7 20
2022 Métis 74 9 2 1 4 3 5 91 6 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 75 7 4 2 2 4 7 92 4 19790
2020 Indigenous 74 9 5 3 2 4 4 89 6 768
2020 First Nations 71 10 5 3 3 4 4 89 6 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 68 4 9 4 4 8 4 82 8 25
2020 Métis 76 8 5 2 2 3 3 91 4 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 76 8 4 2 2 4 4 91 4 18034
2019 Indigenous 68 10 6 3 4 4 4 85 8 687
2019 First Nations 66 10 7 3 6 4 4 83 10 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 68 5 7 3 3 6 8 85 6 35
2019 Métis 71 10 6 4 3 4 4 87 7 355
2019 Non-Indigenous 72 9 5 2 3 4 5 89 6 15042

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 71 9 3 2 4 2 8 90 7 735
2022 First Nations 75 8 3 1 2 2 9 93 4 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 54 13 6 4 11 4 8 76 17 20
2022 Métis 71 10 2 2 5 2 9 90 8 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 71 8 4 2 2 2 11 92 4 19790
2020 Indigenous 70 11 6 2 2 2 7 89 5 770
2020 First Nations 70 11 5 1 3 2 7 90 4 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 64 13 11 4 4 0 4 80 8 25
2020 Métis 70 11 5 3 1 2 7 89 5 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 72 11 5 2 2 2 7 91 4 18078
2019 Indigenous 71 7 6 2 3 3 8 87 6 685
2019 First Nations 69 7 6 4 3 3 8 85 8 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 68 3 3 5 6 0 15 84 13 35
2019 Métis 73 7 6 1 3 3 8 89 4 353
2019 Non-Indigenous 73 8 4 2 2 3 9 91 4 15057

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 32 33 11 11 9 3 2 68 21 735
2022 First Nations 36 30 9 13 7 3 2 70 21 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 35 35 10 10 10 0 0 70 20 20
2022 Métis 29 35 13 9 10 3 1 67 20 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 30 33 12 11 9 4 2 67 21 19795
2020 Indigenous 32 25 14 12 12 5 1 61 25 770
2020 First Nations 33 23 14 11 12 5 3 60 24 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 24 25 8 4 4 0 62 12 25
2020 Métis 30 29 12 12 12 4 0 62 26 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 29 14 11 10 4 2 62 23 18108
2019 Indigenous 26 27 14 10 18 3 1 55 30 688
2019 First Nations 26 26 14 10 22 3 0 53 32 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 26 28 11 8 21 3 3 58 31 35
2019 Métis 26 28 15 11 16 3 1 56 29 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 28 15 14 15 3 2 54 30 15111
2018 Indigenous 22 26 16 15 17 2 1 50 34 647
2018 Non-Indigenous 21 29 16 15 15 2 2 53 31 13832

Empowerment

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 34 33 15 10 7 0 1 68 17 735
2022 First Nations 39 31 16 8 6 0 0 70 14 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 47 30 12 0 11 0 0 77 11 20
2022 Métis 29 35 14 12 8 0 1 66 20 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 33 15 11 8 0 1 66 19 19780
2020 Indigenous 34 29 16 13 7 0 1 64 20 766
2020 First Nations 31 32 15 14 8 0 1 63 22 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 32 40 25 4 0 0 0 72 4 25
2020 Métis 36 28 15 13 7 1 0 64 20 403
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 33 16 12 7 1 1 64 19 18014
2019 Indigenous 27 34 16 13 10 0 0 61 23 682
2019 First Nations 29 31 18 12 9 0 1 61 21 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 39 21 19 6 13 3 0 61 19 35
2019 Métis 24 38 14 15 9 0 0 62 24 352
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 35 16 13 9 0 0 62 22 15031
2018 Indigenous 24 30 16 16 13 0 0 55 29 646
2018 Non-Indigenous 24 36 17 14 9 0 0 60 23 13785

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 39 31 15 8 6 0 1 70 15 735
2022 First Nations 41 30 16 6 6 0 0 72 12 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 44 31 5 9 11 0 0 76 20 20
2022 Métis 37 32 14 10 6 0 1 69 17 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 31 15 9 6 0 1 70 15 19790
2020 Indigenous 38 29 17 9 6 0 1 68 15 767
2020 First Nations 36 33 15 10 6 0 1 69 16 318
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 44 36 17 4 0 0 0 80 4 25
2020 Métis 39 26 18 9 6 1 1 66 15 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 31 17 10 6 0 1 66 17 18070
2019 Indigenous 33 30 17 10 9 0 1 63 19 688
2019 First Nations 32 30 16 10 11 0 1 63 21 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 47 19 15 11 8 0 0 66 19 35
2019 Métis 31 32 18 11 7 0 0 63 18 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 33 17 12 8 0 0 63 20 15083
2018 Indigenous 31 26 17 14 11 0 0 58 25 645
2018 Non-Indigenous 28 33 18 12 8 0 1 61 21 13766

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 47 32 10 6 4 0 1 80 10 735
2022 First Nations 51 29 10 5 5 0 0 80 10 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 48 26 5 5 11 0 6 79 16 20
2022 Métis 43 37 10 6 4 0 0 80 10 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 36 11 6 3 0 0 79 10 19800
2020 Indigenous 41 35 11 8 4 0 0 77 12 769
2020 First Nations 41 34 12 9 4 0 0 75 13 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 43 39 14 0 4 0 0 82 4 23
2020 Métis 42 35 11 8 4 0 0 77 12 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 40 11 7 3 0 0 78 10 17965
2019 Indigenous 37 36 13 10 4 0 0 73 14 677
2019 First Nations 38 33 13 10 4 1 1 72 15 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 45 32 5 8 6 0 4 81 14 35
2019 Métis 36 38 13 9 4 0 0 73 14 347
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 41 13 9 4 0 0 74 13 14936
2018 Indigenous 34 33 13 13 8 0 0 67 20 647
2018 Non-Indigenous 31 39 15 10 5 0 0 70 15 13777

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 30 33 19 7 6 4 1 66 14 735
2022 First Nations 34 30 19 7 6 3 1 66 14 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 39 24 4 5 14 14 0 73 22 20
2022 Métis 26 36 19 8 6 4 1 65 15 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 35 17 9 5 6 1 66 16 19790
2020 Indigenous 26 35 17 10 5 6 1 66 16 769
2020 First Nations 27 37 14 11 5 6 0 68 16 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 40 20 17 12 0 7 4 67 14 25
2020 Métis 24 35 19 10 5 6 1 64 16 404
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 38 19 10 4 6 1 65 15 18058
2019 Indigenous 21 38 17 13 7 4 0 62 20 686
2019 First Nations 23 37 15 13 6 5 0 63 21 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 34 32 19 11 3 3 0 67 14 35
2019 Métis 18 40 18 13 7 4 0 60 21 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 19 38 21 12 6 5 1 59 19 15087
2018 Indigenous 20 29 23 13 11 4 0 51 25 647
2018 Non-Indigenous 19 34 23 11 8 5 0 56 20 13849

Work-life balance and workload

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 55 23 10 6 5 0 0 79 11 735
2022 First Nations 60 20 9 5 5 1 0 81 10 310
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 56 24 10 0 10 0 0 80 10 20
2022 Métis 52 26 10 6 5 0 0 78 11 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 52 30 8 6 4 0 0 82 10 19810
2020 Indigenous 51 27 11 7 4 0 1 79 10 770
2020 First Nations 46 30 11 7 3 0 1 78 11 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 56 28 5 0 7 0 4 87 8 25
2020 Métis 56 25 10 6 4 0 0 80 10 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 31 10 7 3 0 0 79 11 18050
2019 Indigenous 46 30 10 8 6 0 0 75 14 685
2019 First Nations 46 27 12 8 6 0 0 74 14 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 50 22 17 11 0 0 0 72 11 35
2019 Métis 45 33 8 8 7 0 0 78 14 353
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 32 11 8 5 0 0 76 13 15091
2018 Indigenous 39 32 12 11 5 1 0 72 16 647
2018 Non-Indigenous 41 35 11 8 5 0 1 76 13 13832

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year Demographic Always/almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 44 32 14 7 3 0 1 77 9 735
2022 First Nations 49 29 13 5 3 0 1 79 8 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 43 43 9 5 0 0 0 86 5 20
2022 Métis 40 34 13 8 3 0 2 75 11 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 31 15 5 3 0 2 76 9 19820
2020 Indigenous 41 29 16 7 5 1 2 72 12 769
2020 First Nations 45 27 16 6 4 0 2 74 9 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 60 24 9 4 4 0 0 83 8 25
2020 Métis 37 32 16 7 6 1 1 70 13 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 41 31 16 6 4 1 1 73 10 18008
2019 Indigenous 42 28 18 7 3 0 1 70 11 678
2019 First Nations 46 24 18 7 3 0 2 71 10 275
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 46 29 11 6 5 0 3 78 11 35
2019 Métis 38 31 19 8 3 0 0 69 11 350
2019 Non-Indigenous 42 30 16 6 4 0 2 74 10 15000
2018 Indigenous 40 28 18 7 7 0 1 68 13 647
2018 Non-Indigenous 42 30 16 6 4 0 2 73 10 13884

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 56 17 9 3 5 4 7 82 8 735
2022 First Nations 57 17 9 2 5 3 8 83 7 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 37 25 15 5 0 14 5 76 6 20
2022 Métis 55 17 9 4 4 4 7 81 9 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 19 7 3 3 4 6 85 7 19805

Mobility and retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Unsure
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 40 28 31 735
2022 First Nations 40 30 30 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 42 22 36 20
2022 Métis 42 26 32 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 30 28 19805
2020 Indigenous 27 34 38 772
2020 First Nations 28 33 39 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 23 32 44 25
2020 Métis 28 36 36 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 38 36 18133
2019 Indigenous 32 31 37 688
2019 First Nations 33 30 37 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 38 14 48 35
2019 Métis 31 33 37 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 31 33 36 15146
2018 Indigenous 34 33 34 649
2018 Non-Indigenous 30 34 36 13897

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Yes, to retire
(%)		 Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)		 Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)		 Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)		 Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment
(%)		 Yes, other reason Specify other reason
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 8 51 24 3 6 8 290
2022 First Nations 9 52 24 3 7 5 125
2022 Métis 7 52 24 2 4 11 160
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 53 25 4 4 6 8275
2020 Indigenous 11 43 33 3 6 4 211
2020 Métis 11 45 32 4 5 3 112
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 46 31 3 4 5 4727
2019 Indigenous 13 31 35 5 11 5 214
2019 First Nations 11 32 31 6 11 9 89
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 7 7 56 0 30 0 13
2019 Métis 15 34 37 4 8 2 109
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 37 37 5 4 6 4705
2018 Indigenous 11 33 36 6 7 7 216
2018 Non-Indigenous 13 36 36 5 5 6 4157
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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 57 30 7 4 2 0 0 87 6 735
2022 First Nations 59 27 5 6 3 0 0 86 9 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 59 25 0 5 10 0 0 84 16 20
2022 Métis 55 34 7 2 2 0 0 88 4 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 35 7 3 2 0 0 88 5 19765
2020 Indigenous 56 30 7 4 2 0 0 86 7 765
2020 First Nations 54 31 9 4 2 0 0 85 6 318
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 68 16 5 4 4 0 4 87 8 25
2020 Métis 57 29 7 5 2 1 0 87 7 403
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 36 8 4 2 0 0 87 6 18018
2019 Indigenous 48 36 9 4 3 0 0 84 7 688
2019 First Nations 48 33 11 4 3 1 0 83 7 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 55 27 5 3 3 0 7 88 6 35
2019 Métis 47 38 8 5 2 0 0 85 7 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 44 39 9 5 2 0 0 84 7 15032
2018 Indigenous 46 35 11 6 1 0 0 82 7 648
2018 Non-Indigenous 45 41 8 4 2 0 0 86 5 13838

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 36 38 14 7 4 2 0 75 11 735
2022 First Nations 40 36 12 8 3 2 0 77 11 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 48 38 4 5 5 0 0 86 10 20
2022 Métis 32 40 15 6 4 2 0 74 10 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 41 14 7 3 1 0 75 11 19790
2020 Indigenous 38 38 12 5 3 2 1 79 9 770
2020 First Nations 40 38 11 4 4 2 1 80 9 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 36 16 8 0 0 4 75 8 25
2020 Métis 36 39 14 6 3 2 0 77 9 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 42 15 6 2 2 0 77 8 18093
2019 Indigenous 32 41 15 8 3 1 0 74 11 686
2019 First Nations 33 41 14 9 3 1 0 74 12 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 45 21 19 8 3 4 0 69 11 35
2019 Métis 31 43 16 7 3 1 0 74 10 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 44 17 8 3 1 0 72 11 15103
2018 Indigenous 31 37 17 10 4 0 0 69 14 646
2018 Non-Indigenous 26 45 17 8 3 1 0 72 11 13823

Organizational performance

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 10 23 30 20 14 1 3 35 33 735
2022 First Nations 9 23 30 21 14 1 2 36 33 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 5 14 38 14 22 6 0 38 21 20
2022 Métis 11 23 30 17 15 1 3 33 35 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 21 32 18 13 1 5 33 33 19760
2020 Indigenous 14 21 31 18 12 2 1 31 36 771
2020 First Nations 11 23 32 18 12 2 1 31 36 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 13 20 29 16 21 0 0 37 33 24
2020 Métis 15 20 30 19 12 2 2 32 37 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 25 33 18 10 1 2 29 38 18080
2019 Indigenous 10 26 33 16 11 1 2 28 37 687
2019 First Nations 11 22 33 17 12 2 2 31 35 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 11 13 37 21 18 0 0 39 24 35
2019 Métis 9 29 34 15 10 1 3 26 40 355
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 23 35 20 9 1 2 30 34 15098
2018 Indigenous 12 24 35 18 7 1 2 26 38 643
2018 Non-Indigenous 11 25 33 19 9 1 2 29 37 13834

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 8 17 30 21 15 2 6 39 28 735
2022 First Nations 8 14 29 23 16 4 6 43 25 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 14 14 36 19 13 0 4 34 29 20
2022 Métis 9 20 30 20 15 2 5 37 32 385
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 18 28 20 14 2 8 37 32 19740
2020 Indigenous 11 16 28 21 16 4 3 40 30 769
2020 First Nations 11 15 29 23 14 5 3 40 28 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 8 4 48 12 19 0 8 34 13 25
2020 Métis 12 18 27 21 17 3 2 40 32 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 18 27 20 14 4 5 37 33 18015
2019 Indigenous 15 19 30 19 12 2 4 33 35 685
2019 First Nations 14 19 29 19 13 4 3 35 35 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 17 14 31 16 16 0 6 34 33 34
2019 Métis 14 18 31 18 11 2 5 32 35 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 22 28 18 11 3 4 32 38 15057
2018 Indigenous 18 17 28 19 11 3 5 32 38 637
2018 Non-Indigenous 15 22 28 18 10 3 4 30 40 13791

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 6 13 26 26 23 1 5 52 20 735
2022 First Nations 6 11 25 28 23 2 5 55 18 310
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 10 24 14 21 26 0 4 50 36 20
2022 Métis 7 14 26 26 22 1 5 50 22 385
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 14 26 25 19 2 7 48 23 19740
2020 Indigenous 7 13 27 25 22 2 4 49 22 769
2020 First Nations 6 13 27 25 22 2 5 50 20 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 9 12 28 20 19 0 12 45 23 25
2020 Métis 8 13 27 25 22 3 3 50 22 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 14 28 26 19 2 4 48 23 17983
2019 Indigenous 8 16 28 26 17 1 4 45 26 684
2019 First Nations 9 17 23 27 19 2 4 48 27 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 16 8 24 10 35 0 6 48 26 35
2019 Métis 6 16 32 26 14 1 5 43 24 352
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 15 29 25 16 1 4 44 25 15011
2018 Indigenous 10 15 28 23 17 2 5 43 27 638
2018 Non-Indigenous 10 16 30 24 15 1 4 41 27 13749

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 10 15 23 21 23 3 5 48 27 730
2022 First Nations 10 12 22 22 23 4 7 51 24 310
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 10 24 19 21 18 0 8 42 37 20
2022 Métis 11 17 22 20 23 2 4 46 30 385
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 14 23 22 22 2 9 49 25 19750
2020 Indigenous 7 15 24 23 22 4 5 49 25 769
2020 First Nations 5 12 27 24 23 3 5 51 19 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 9 12 21 27 19 4 8 53 23 25
2020 Métis 9 16 21 21 23 5 4 49 28 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 15 25 24 21 2 4 49 25 18026
2019 Indigenous 14 21 24 18 18 2 4 37 37 685
2019 First Nations 14 22 21 18 18 4 4 39 38 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 14 5 27 18 31 0 4 51 20 35
2019 Métis 15 21 25 17 16 1 4 35 38 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 19 27 21 16 2 4 39 32 15060
2018 Indigenous 19 19 27 17 13 2 4 31 40 641
2018 Non-Indigenous 14 21 27 20 14 2 4 36 36 13792

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 11 16 21 19 20 6 5 45 30 735
2022 First Nations 10 17 20 21 20 6 7 47 30 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 10 16 22 31 9 12 0 46 29 20
2022 Métis 12 17 22 18 22 5 4 44 33 385
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 15 22 19 18 9 9 45 29 19765
2020 Indigenous 7 13 20 24 22 10 4 54 23 763
2020 First Nations 7 15 17 23 24 10 4 55 25 316
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 4 11 40 12 16 8 8 33 18 25
2020 Métis 8 11 21 26 22 8 3 54 21 403
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 13 22 24 21 8 4 51 23 17975
2019 Indigenous 13 18 22 21 18 4 4 42 34 683
2019 First Nations 13 15 27 18 18 5 4 40 30 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 14 8 22 30 20 0 7 53 23 35
2019 Métis 13 21 19 23 17 3 4 42 37 352
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 19 26 22 15 4 3 40 32 15023
2018 Indigenous 16 19 25 19 12 4 4 34 39 639
2018 Non-Indigenous 13 20 27 20 13 3 3 36 36 13748

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 12 20 31 16 15 4 3 33 34 735
2022 First Nations 12 18 28 16 17 6 3 36 33 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 15 34 18 8 18 4 4 28 53 20
2022 Métis 13 21 32 18 12 3 3 31 36 385
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 19 30 16 14 3 5 34 34 19765
2020 Indigenous 13 19 28 18 15 4 3 35 35 768
2020 First Nations 12 18 28 19 16 3 3 38 32 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 12 12 29 17 8 12 9 32 31 24
2020 Métis 14 21 29 16 15 3 2 33 37 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 20 32 18 13 3 3 33 34 18014
2019 Indigenous 15 22 30 16 12 2 3 30 39 684
2019 First Nations 17 20 26 17 14 3 3 33 39 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 17 6 41 8 19 7 3 30 25 34
2019 Métis 14 24 32 17 10 1 3 28 39 353
2019 Non-Indigenous 15 23 31 16 10 2 2 27 40 15059
2018 Indigenous 17 23 29 16 9 4 2 26 43 643
2018 Non-Indigenous 17 24 31 14 9 2 2 24 43 13832

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 6 16 33 23 19 1 2 44 22 735
2022 First Nations 4 16 31 27 18 2 2 48 20 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 10 22 35 21 13 0 0 33 32 20
2022 Métis 8 16 34 21 20 0 2 42 24 385
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 13 32 25 19 1 4 46 20 19785
2020 Indigenous 9 22 33 23 11 1 1 35 32 770
2020 First Nations 7 20 32 26 13 1 1 39 28 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 8 12 38 21 21 0 0 41 20 24
2020 Métis 11 23 33 20 10 2 1 31 35 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 17 37 24 13 1 1 37 24 18068
2019 Indigenous 13 23 33 19 11 1 1 31 36 684
2019 First Nations 13 25 31 19 10 1 2 29 39 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 16 13 29 25 16 0 0 42 29 35
2019 Métis 13 21 35 20 10 0 1 30 35 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 21 35 21 10 1 2 32 32 15089

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 24 33 16 16 8 2 0 58 25 735
2022 First Nations 26 35 15 15 7 1 0 62 23 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 25 52 5 9 5 4 0 80 15 20
2022 Métis 21 31 18 18 9 3 0 54 28 385
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 35 17 14 8 3 0 60 23 19785
2020 Indigenous 30 32 17 12 6 4 1 65 18 765
2020 First Nations 33 26 19 13 5 3 1 62 19 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 28 21 8 7 0 0 64 15 25
2020 Métis 28 36 15 11 6 4 0 67 18 400
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 39 17 12 5 3 0 66 17 17972
2019 Indigenous 21 33 20 15 9 3 0 55 25 685
2019 First Nations 21 32 19 16 9 2 0 55 26 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 37 15 24 15 8 0 0 52 24 35
2019 Métis 19 35 19 15 9 3 0 56 24 353
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 36 21 16 8 3 0 54 25 15035

Diversity and inclusion

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 61 20 8 5 4 2 1 83 9 735
2022 First Nations 67 17 6 4 4 1 1 86 8 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 38 39 9 4 5 4 0 80 10 20
2022 Métis 56 23 9 5 4 2 0 81 10 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 60 25 6 4 3 2 0 87 7 19780
2020 Indigenous 51 26 9 7 4 2 1 79 12 769
2020 First Nations 52 26 7 8 4 2 1 80 12 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 35 16 25 16 4 4 0 53 20 25
2020 Métis 52 25 9 6 4 3 1 80 10 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 54 26 8 6 3 2 0 82 9 18068
2019 Indigenous 46 28 11 7 8 1 0 74 15 686
2019 First Nations 48 25 10 8 8 1 0 73 16 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 45 32 13 8 3 0 0 76 11 35
2019 Métis 44 30 11 6 8 1 0 76 13 355
2019 Non-Indigenous 48 29 9 8 5 1 0 78 13 15059
2018 Indigenous 38 29 10 11 11 1 0 68 22 646
2018 Non-Indigenous 43 32 9 9 6 1 0 76 15 13770

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 64 24 5 3 2 1 1 90 5 735
2022 First Nations 68 22 3 1 3 1 2 92 5 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 57 33 4 0 5 0 0 90 5 20
2022 Métis 61 26 6 4 2 1 0 88 6 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 66 26 4 3 1 0 0 92 4 19785
2020 Indigenous 57 28 7 4 2 1 1 87 6 769
2020 First Nations 57 28 7 4 1 1 1 87 6 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 59 20 14 8 0 0 0 79 8 25
2020 Métis 56 29 6 4 2 1 1 87 7 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 59 29 5 4 2 1 0 89 6 18010
2019 Indigenous 49 30 7 10 4 0 0 79 14 687
2019 First Nations 53 26 7 8 5 0 0 79 14 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 52 24 11 8 5 0 0 76 14 35
2019 Métis 46 34 7 10 4 0 0 79 13 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 50 33 7 7 3 0 0 84 9 15056
2018 Indigenous 44 34 8 8 4 0 0 79 12 647
2018 Non-Indigenous 47 37 7 6 3 0 0 84 8 13780

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 52 28 10 4 3 2 1 83 7 735
2022 First Nations 57 26 8 3 3 2 1 85 6 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 39 34 9 10 0 8 0 79 11 20
2022 Métis 49 30 10 4 3 3 1 82 8 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 30 10 3 2 3 1 85 5 19785
2020 Indigenous 47 27 13 4 3 3 2 78 8 767
2020 First Nations 49 27 11 5 2 3 3 80 8 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 44 20 24 4 5 4 0 66 9 25
2020 Métis 47 26 15 3 4 3 1 77 7 402
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 33 12 4 2 3 1 82 6 17957
2019 Indigenous 40 31 15 7 4 3 1 74 11 686
2019 First Nations 46 28 14 6 4 3 0 76 10 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 46 35 11 3 3 0 3 84 6 35
2019 Métis 36 34 16 8 4 2 1 71 12 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 36 14 5 3 2 1 78 8 15096
2018 Indigenous 34 37 14 7 4 2 1 73 12 649
2018 Non-Indigenous 36 39 15 5 3 2 1 77 8 13818

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 48 28 10 5 5 3 0 79 11 735
2022 First Nations 53 26 8 4 6 3 0 81 10 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 35 34 8 9 10 4 0 72 20 20
2022 Métis 45 30 11 6 5 2 0 78 11 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 44 34 10 5 3 2 0 81 9 19795
2020 Indigenous 49 29 10 6 3 2 0 80 10 769
2020 First Nations 51 26 10 7 3 2 0 80 10 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 52 20 13 11 4 0 0 72 15 25
2020 Métis 47 31 11 6 3 2 0 80 9 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 36 11 6 3 2 0 81 8 18004
2019 Indigenous 41 32 12 9 5 2 0 74 14 681
2019 First Nations 40 33 10 10 4 2 0 75 15 276
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 46 27 11 11 3 3 0 75 14 34
2019 Métis 40 32 13 8 5 1 0 73 13 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 38 12 7 4 2 0 77 10 15043
2018 Indigenous 45 32 12 6 5 1 0 77 11 644
2018 Non-Indigenous 43 37 11 5 3 1 0 82 7 13810

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 48 31 9 4 4 4 0 83 8 735
2022 First Nations 50 29 10 4 4 3 0 81 8 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 43 42 0 0 15 0 0 85 15 20
2022 Métis 48 31 9 3 3 5 1 84 6 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 33 10 3 2 5 1 84 5 19790
2020 Indigenous 49 28 11 5 3 4 0 80 8 765
2020 First Nations 49 28 10 6 3 3 0 80 9 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 52 20 9 8 11 0 0 72 19 25
2020 Métis 49 28 12 4 3 3 1 81 7 401
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 33 12 4 2 4 1 82 6 18034
2019 Indigenous 47 28 13 5 4 3 0 77 10 682
2019 First Nations 43 30 14 5 5 2 1 75 10 276
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 11 17 21 3 0 0 59 24 34
2019 Métis 50 29 12 3 4 3 0 81 7 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 45 35 12 4 2 3 1 82 6 15058
2018 Indigenous 46 30 14 5 4 2 0 77 9 645
2018 Non-Indigenous 44 36 12 3 2 2 0 82 6 13811

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 59 27 5 4 4 0 0 87 8 735
2022 First Nations 62 26 6 2 3 0 0 88 6 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 43 43 5 4 5 0 0 86 10 20
2022 Métis 57 29 5 6 4 0 0 86 10 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 58 30 6 4 2 0 0 89 6 19805
2020 Indigenous 58 28 6 3 3 0 0 87 7 768
2020 First Nations 59 28 7 2 3 0 0 87 6 318
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 40 32 16 9 4 0 0 72 12 25
2020 Métis 59 28 5 4 3 0 0 88 8 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 58 30 7 3 2 0 0 89 5 18058
2019 Indigenous 50 31 9 6 4 0 0 81 10 684
2019 First Nations 52 27 10 5 5 1 0 79 10 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 50 22 10 8 5 4 0 75 14 35
2019 Métis 48 35 8 5 3 0 0 83 8 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 50 34 9 4 3 0 0 84 7 15094
2018 Indigenous 49 30 11 6 4 0 0 79 10 643
2018 Non-Indigenous 49 36 9 4 3 0 0 84 7 13797

Anti-racism

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 46 24 12 4 5 6 3 76 10 735
2022 First Nations 46 25 10 5 7 5 2 76 13 310
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 28 50 5 4 5 8 0 84 10 20
2022 Métis 47 22 15 3 4 6 3 76 8 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 43 24 11 5 4 8 5 77 10 19800

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 45 23 14 5 5 6 3 74 11 735
2022 First Nations 43 23 14 7 6 4 2 71 14 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 17 51 14 9 5 4 0 71 15 20
2022 Métis 46 22 14 4 5 7 3 74 10 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 25 12 5 4 8 5 76 10 19810

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 39 24 18 5 3 10 1 71 8 735
2022 First Nations 40 22 19 6 2 11 0 69 10 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 29 27 24 5 5 9 0 62 12 20
2022 Métis 39 27 17 4 3 9 1 74 7 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 25 16 4 2 12 1 74 7 19800
2020 Indigenous 45 26 14 4 3 6 1 77 8 771
2020 First Nations 47 25 13 6 3 4 1 76 10 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 40 16 17 8 11 8 0 61 21 25
2020 Métis 45 28 15 3 2 6 1 79 5 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 31 15 4 2 7 1 77 7 18103

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 50 27 9 4 4 5 2 82 9 735
2022 First Nations 50 28 8 5 4 4 1 82 10 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 34 41 5 5 5 9 0 83 11 20
2022 Métis 49 26 10 3 4 6 2 82 8 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 28 9 5 3 6 3 82 9 19775
2020 Indigenous 51 25 10 6 4 4 1 79 10 770
2020 First Nations 53 24 8 6 4 4 1 81 11 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 20 17 8 7 0 0 68 15 25
2020 Métis 50 25 13 5 4 4 0 78 9 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 30 10 5 3 4 2 81 8 18022

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 17 20 23 3 4 30 4 55 11 735
2022 First Nations 18 21 21 4 3 28 5 59 10 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 30 20 13 0 11 22 4 67 15 20
2022 Métis 16 17 24 3 4 33 3 52 11 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 17 19 2 2 38 5 57 8 19790

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 8 14 5 30 29 14 0 25 70 20
2022 First Nations 10 18 0 33 27 13 0 31 69 15
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 5 23 11 30 24 1 15 54 300
2020 Indigenous 8 4 27 15 39 8 0 13 58 26
2020 Non-Indigenous 2 6 25 14 38 15 1 9 61 304

Ethical workplace

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 33 23 19 5 5 8 8 66 12 735
2022 First Nations 37 20 19 3 4 8 8 68 9 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 22 36 9 9 11 4 9 67 23 20
2022 Métis 30 25 19 6 6 8 7 63 14 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 27 16 5 3 9 7 72 9 19780
2020 Indigenous 31 24 18 8 4 9 5 64 14 773
2020 First Nations 36 22 18 5 4 10 4 67 11 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 35 16 13 16 5 4 11 60 24 25
2020 Métis 27 26 19 9 4 9 5 62 16 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 28 18 6 4 9 6 67 12 18087
2019 Indigenous 28 24 18 12 9 5 5 58 23 683
2019 First Nations 30 26 17 10 9 4 5 61 20 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 31 17 16 16 5 3 12 56 25 35
2019 Métis 27 24 18 13 9 6 4 57 24 353
2019 Non-Indigenous 29 29 16 9 7 7 4 64 18 15086
2018 Indigenous 22 29 18 12 11 4 4 55 25 648
2018 Non-Indigenous 22 31 20 9 7 7 4 60 18 13808

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 39 34 11 7 5 4 1 76 12 735
2022 First Nations 43 31 9 7 5 4 1 78 12 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 52 19 8 9 5 6 0 76 15 20
2022 Métis 34 37 12 7 4 3 1 75 12 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 36 12 8 4 4 1 76 12 19785
2020 Indigenous 43 32 10 8 4 2 0 77 12 767
2020 First Nations 47 31 10 7 4 1 0 79 11 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 32 13 15 0 4 0 71 16 25
2020 Métis 40 33 10 9 4 3 0 76 13 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 37 12 7 3 3 1 78 10 18061
2019 Indigenous 39 32 12 8 6 2 0 73 14 684
2019 First Nations 41 29 13 7 7 2 0 72 14 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 38 24 11 16 6 5 0 66 23 34
2019 Métis 38 35 12 8 5 2 0 75 13 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 38 13 8 4 2 1 74 12 15086
2018 Indigenous 37 35 12 7 6 2 1 74 14 647
2018 Non-Indigenous 33 39 13 8 4 2 1 75 12 13820

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 46 31 14 4 3 2 0 78 7 735
2022 First Nations 51 27 14 4 3 1 0 79 7 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 42 33 15 5 5 0 0 75 10 20
2022 Métis 42 32 15 4 3 2 0 76 8 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 42 36 13 4 3 2 0 80 7 19780
2020 Indigenous 46 31 12 5 4 2 0 79 9 769
2020 First Nations 49 28 12 5 4 1 1 79 9 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 44 20 21 7 8 0 0 64 15 25
2020 Métis 44 34 11 5 3 3 0 81 8 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 42 36 14 4 2 2 0 79 6 18033
2019 Indigenous 38 32 16 7 5 1 0 72 12 684
2019 First Nations 39 29 18 6 6 1 0 68 13 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 42 30 11 15 3 0 0 72 18 35
2019 Métis 37 37 15 6 5 1 0 75 11 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 38 16 6 3 1 0 74 9 15065
2018 Indigenous 35 34 16 8 6 1 0 69 15 644
2018 Non-Indigenous 33 39 17 6 4 1 0 73 10 13778

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 27 22 17 9 11 11 3 57 23 735
2022 First Nations 31 22 16 8 10 9 4 61 21 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 30 14 0 18 10 22 5 61 39 20
2022 Métis 23 23 18 10 11 11 4 54 25 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 25 17 9 8 12 3 61 19 19795
2020 Indigenous 30 20 16 11 12 9 2 56 25 769
2020 First Nations 33 21 16 9 11 9 1 60 22 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 38 17 17 17 8 0 4 57 26 24
2020 Métis 28 19 18 11 12 9 3 54 26 404
2020 Non-Indigenous 27 25 18 10 8 10 2 59 21 18057
2019 Indigenous 23 21 18 14 14 9 2 49 31 686
2019 First Nations 22 22 19 11 14 10 3 50 28 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 37 8 26 13 13 3 0 47 27 35
2019 Métis 21 21 17 15 14 10 1 48 33 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 24 19 13 11 9 2 51 27 15092
2018 Indigenous 21 21 17 15 16 8 2 46 35 647
2018 Non-Indigenous 19 25 20 13 12 9 2 49 28 13820

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 51 36 3 7 3 0 0 87 10 735
2022 First Nations 57 34 2 3 4 0 0 91 7 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 46 44 0 4 5 0 0 90 10 20
2022 Métis 47 37 3 10 3 0 0 84 13 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 36 3 6 2 0 0 90 7 19810
2020 Indigenous 45 40 4 8 2 0 0 86 10 773
2020 First Nations 46 39 5 6 3 0 0 86 9 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 37 48 4 7 0 0 4 88 8 25
2020 Métis 46 40 3 9 2 0 0 86 11 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 42 3 7 2 0 0 88 9 18116

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 63 23 6 4 3 0 1 87 8 735
2022 First Nations 64 23 5 5 2 0 1 88 7 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 56 29 15 0 0 0 0 85 0 20
2022 Métis 62 22 6 4 5 1 1 85 9 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 63 25 4 4 2 0 1 89 6 19785
2020 Indigenous 54 31 5 7 3 0 0 86 9 772
2020 First Nations 53 33 5 6 4 0 0 86 10 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 65 24 4 7 0 0 0 88 7 25
2020 Métis 55 31 5 7 2 0 0 86 9 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 47 36 7 7 2 0 1 84 9 18088
2019 Indigenous 42 36 7 10 5 0 0 78 16 686
2019 First Nations 44 31 6 12 6 0 0 76 18 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 58 29 5 3 6 0 0 86 8 35
2019 Métis 39 40 7 9 5 0 0 79 14 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 36 7 11 5 0 0 77 16 15106

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 58 28 6 4 2 0 0 87 7 735
2022 First Nations 64 24 6 4 2 0 0 88 6 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 64 25 11 0 0 0 0 89 0 20
2022 Métis 53 32 7 4 3 1 0 86 7 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 57 30 6 4 2 0 0 88 6 19775
2020 Indigenous 54 30 6 8 2 0 1 84 9 765
2020 First Nations 51 32 6 9 2 0 1 84 11 317
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 56 32 5 7 0 0 0 88 7 25
2020 Métis 58 27 6 7 2 0 0 85 8 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 35 8 6 2 0 0 84 8 17970
2019 Indigenous 46 32 10 8 4 0 0 79 12 681
2019 First Nations 46 31 12 7 4 0 0 77 11 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 61 23 8 5 3 0 0 84 8 35
2019 Métis 46 34 8 9 3 1 0 80 12 350
2019 Non-Indigenous 44 37 9 7 3 0 0 81 10 15010

Use of official languages

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 80 15 2 2 2 1 0 95 3 735
2022 First Nations 83 13 1 1 2 0 0 96 3 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 73 16 0 0 11 0 0 89 11 20
2022 Métis 79 15 2 2 2 1 0 95 3 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 80 16 2 1 1 0 0 96 2 19805
2020 Indigenous 85 10 2 1 0 0 1 96 2 771
2020 First Nations 86 10 2 1 1 0 0 96 2 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 80 11 0 0 0 0 8 100 0 25
2020 Métis 84 10 2 2 0 0 1 96 2 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 81 14 2 1 1 0 0 96 2 18030

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 81 9 3 1 2 0 4 94 3 735
2022 First Nations 84 8 3 0 1 0 5 96 1 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 59 20 5 0 5 6 5 88 6 20
2022 Métis 80 9 3 2 2 0 4 93 4 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 84 9 2 1 1 0 3 96 2 19810
2019 Indigenous 79 7 5 1 3 0 5 91 5 679
2019 First Nations 80 7 5 1 2 0 5 92 3 274
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 71 3 13 3 3 0 8 80 6 35
2019 Métis 79 8 3 1 4 0 4 91 5 352
2019 Non-Indigenous 81 10 3 1 1 0 3 94 2 15030

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 44 14 9 5 4 18 5 76 12 735
2022 First Nations 48 12 8 4 3 18 7 80 10 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 39 27 10 11 5 0 8 72 17 20
2022 Métis 40 16 10 7 5 18 4 71 15 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 19 9 4 3 15 5 80 9 19810
2020 Indigenous 42 16 10 4 4 20 4 76 11 770
2020 First Nations 44 16 10 4 3 19 4 78 9 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 40 15 9 0 4 24 8 81 6 25
2020 Métis 40 16 10 5 5 20 3 74 13 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 17 9 4 4 16 5 79 10 18108
2019 Indigenous 39 16 9 7 7 18 5 70 18 687
2019 First Nations 40 13 10 6 6 19 5 70 16 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 42 8 13 3 8 15 10 68 14 35
2019 Métis 36 19 8 8 8 17 4 70 20 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 41 17 10 5 6 16 5 74 14 15121

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 13 87 735
2022 First Nations 12 88 315
2022 Métis 13 87 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 19810
2020 Indigenous 12 88 773
2020 Métis 14 86 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 91 18125
2019 Indigenous 19 81 684
2019 First Nations 21 79 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 14 86 35
2019 Métis 18 82 353
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 87 15114
2018 Indigenous 19 81 648
2018 Non-Indigenous 13 87 13881

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 41 59 95
2022 First Nations 41 59 40
2022 Métis 40 60 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 59 1570
2020 Indigenous 43 57 96
2020 Métis 48 52 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 45 55 1574
2019 Indigenous 61 39 133
2019 Métis 55 45 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 50 50 1916
2018 Indigenous 47 53 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 49 51 1805

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 59 41 95
2022 First Nations 56 44 40
2022 Métis 63 37 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 54 46 1570
2020 Indigenous 58 42 96
2020 Métis 62 38 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 60 40 1574
2019 Indigenous 58 42 133
2019 Métis 55 45 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 56 44 1916
2018 Indigenous 65 35 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 57 43 1805

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 4 96 95
2022 First Nations 3 97 40
2022 Métis 6 94 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1570
2020 Indigenous 8 92 96
2020 Métis 9 91 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1574
2019 Indigenous 6 94 133
2019 First Nations 10 90 59
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1916
2018 Indigenous 4 96 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1805

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 100 95
2022 First Nations 0 100 40
2022 Métis 0 100 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 1570
2019 Métis 0 100 63

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 12 88 95
2022 First Nations 20 80 40
2022 Métis 7 93 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1570
2020 Indigenous 7 93 96
2020 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1574
2019 Indigenous 8 92 133
2019 First Nations 10 90 59
2019 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1916

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 19 81 95
2022 First Nations 18 82 40
2022 Métis 15 85 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 1570
2020 Indigenous 11 89 96
2020 Métis 15 85 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1574
2019 Indigenous 14 86 133
2019 Métis 10 90 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1916
2018 Indigenous 15 85 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 16 84 1805

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 9 91 95
2022 First Nations 5 95 40
2022 Métis 7 93 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1570
2020 Indigenous 6 94 96
2020 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1574
2018 Indigenous 5 95 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1805

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 39 61 95
2022 First Nations 38 62 40
2022 Métis 39 61 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 63 1575
2020 Indigenous 39 61 96
2020 Métis 44 56 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 61 1574
2019 Indigenous 44 56 133
2019 Métis 36 64 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 39 61 1888
2018 Indigenous 42 58 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 42 58 1806

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 29 71 95
2022 First Nations 32 68 40
2022 Métis 31 69 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 61 1575
2020 Indigenous 37 63 96
2020 Métis 37 63 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 62 1574
2019 Indigenous 46 54 133
2019 Métis 47 53 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 37 63 1888
2018 Indigenous 41 59 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 38 62 1806

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 47 53 95
2022 First Nations 34 66 40
2022 Métis 58 42 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 61 1575
2020 Indigenous 55 45 96
2020 Métis 51 49 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 56 1574
2019 Indigenous 54 46 133
2019 Métis 50 50 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 57 1888
2018 Indigenous 59 41 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 42 58 1806

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 38 62 95
2022 First Nations 35 65 40
2022 Métis 42 58 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 62 1575
2020 Indigenous 36 64 96
2020 Métis 38 62 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 57 1574
2019 Indigenous 37 63 133
2019 Métis 27 73 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 60 1888
2018 Indigenous 43 57 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 39 61 1806

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 33 67 95
2022 First Nations 35 65 40
2022 Métis 33 67 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 76 1575
2020 Indigenous 29 71 96
2020 Métis 27 73 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 71 1574
2019 Indigenous 31 69 133
2019 Métis 34 66 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 76 1888
2018 Indigenous 33 67 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 25 75 1806

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 62 38 95
2022 First Nations 62 38 40
2022 Métis 61 39 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 47 1575
2020 Indigenous 56 44 96
2020 Métis 60 40 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 54 46 1574
2019 Indigenous 62 38 133
2019 Métis 61 39 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 54 46 1888
2018 Indigenous 60 40 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 56 44 1806

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 30 70 95
2022 First Nations 35 65 40
2022 Métis 30 70 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 67 1575
2020 Indigenous 38 62 96
2020 Métis 46 54 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 66 1574
2019 Indigenous 35 65 133
2019 Métis 31 69 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 66 1888
2018 Indigenous 34 66 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 35 65 1806

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 1 99 95
2022 First Nations 0 100 40
2022 Métis 0 100 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 1575
2018 Indigenous 4 96 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 1 99 1806

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 6 94 95
2022 First Nations 6 94 40
2022 Métis 7 93 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1575
2020 Indigenous 12 88 96
2020 Métis 16 84 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1574
2019 Indigenous 10 90 133
2019 Métis 10 90 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1888
2018 Indigenous 7 93 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1806

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 8 92 95
2022 First Nations 8 92 40
2022 Métis 8 92 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1575
2020 Indigenous 11 89 96
2020 Métis 15 85 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1574
2019 Indigenous 11 89 133
2019 Métis 10 90 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1888
2018 Indigenous 12 88 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1806

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 54 46 95
2022 First Nations 51 49 40
2022 Métis 57 43 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 47 53 1575
2020 Indigenous 40 60 96
2020 Métis 39 61 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 51 1574
2019 Indigenous 45 55 133
2019 Métis 40 60 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 47 53 1888
2018 Indigenous 48 52 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 46 54 1806

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 22 78 95
2022 First Nations 23 77 40
2022 Métis 24 76 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 77 1575
2020 Indigenous 24 76 96
2020 Métis 29 71 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 78 1574
2019 Indigenous 18 82 133
2019 Métis 15 85 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 75 1888
2018 Indigenous 25 75 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 25 75 1806

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 26 74 95
2022 First Nations 26 74 40
2022 Métis 26 74 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 1575
2020 Indigenous 12 88 96
2020 Métis 12 88 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 16 84 1574
2019 Indigenous 16 84 133
2019 Métis 15 85 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 15 85 1888
2018 Indigenous 25 75 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 17 83 1806

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 57 43 95
2022 First Nations 57 43 40
2022 Métis 57 43 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 51 49 1575
2020 Indigenous 52 48 96
2020 Métis 58 42 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 51 49 1574
2019 Indigenous 53 47 133
2019 Métis 53 47 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 53 47 1874
2018 Indigenous 48 52 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 53 47 1804

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 26 74 95
2022 First Nations 25 75 40
2022 Métis 26 74 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 79 1575
2020 Indigenous 39 61 96
2020 Métis 41 59 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 74 1574
2019 Indigenous 26 74 133
2019 Métis 22 78 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 26 74 1874
2018 Indigenous 34 66 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 26 74 1804

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 5 95 95
2022 First Nations 8 92 40
2022 Métis 6 94 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1575
2019 Indigenous 8 92 133
2019 First Nations 12 88 59
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1874
2018 Indigenous 8 92 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1804

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 21 79 95
2022 First Nations 24 76 40
2022 Métis 23 77 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 1575
2020 Indigenous 26 74 96
2020 Métis 24 76 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 78 1574
2019 Indigenous 22 78 133
2019 Métis 27 73 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 80 1874
2018 Indigenous 28 72 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 21 79 1804

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 12 88 95
2022 First Nations 15 85 40
2022 Métis 11 89 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1575
2020 Indigenous 13 87 96
2020 Métis 12 88 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1574
2019 Indigenous 10 90 133
2019 Métis 9 91 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1874
2018 Indigenous 11 89 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1804

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 10 90 95
2022 First Nations 7 93 40
2022 Métis 14 86 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1575
2020 Indigenous 5 95 96
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1574
2019 Indigenous 8 92 133
2019 First Nations 11 89 59
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1874
2018 Indigenous 14 86 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1804

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 11 89 95
2022 First Nations 10 90 40
2022 Métis 13 87 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1575
2020 Indigenous 14 86 96
2020 Métis 8 92 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1574
2019 Indigenous 14 86 133
2019 Métis 10 90 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1874
2018 Indigenous 11 89 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1804

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 19 81 95
2022 First Nations 10 90 40
2022 Métis 20 80 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1575
2020 Indigenous 11 89 96
2020 Métis 12 88 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1574
2019 Indigenous 11 89 133
2019 Métis 9 91 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1874
2018 Indigenous 13 87 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1804

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 22 78 95
2022 First Nations 21 79 40
2022 Métis 22 78 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 71 1575
2020 Indigenous 19 81 96
2020 Métis 19 81 59
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 75 1574
2019 Indigenous 30 70 133
2019 Métis 27 73 63
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 75 1874
2018 Indigenous 24 76 122
2018 Non-Indigenous 26 74 1804

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 11 89 85
2022 First Nations 18 82 35
2022 Métis 6 94 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1465
2020 Indigenous 20 80 91
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1455
2019 Indigenous 19 81 122
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1758
2018 Indigenous 13 87 105
2018 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1700

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 19 81 85
2022 First Nations 11 89 35
2022 Métis 26 74 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 80 1465
2020 Indigenous 13 87 91
2020 Non-Indigenous 20 80 1455
2019 Indigenous 20 80 122
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 79 1758
2018 Indigenous 19 81 105
2018 Non-Indigenous 19 81 1700

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 6 94 85
2022 First Nations 3 97 35
2022 Métis 7 93 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1465
2020 Indigenous 13 87 91
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1455
2019 Indigenous 14 86 122
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1758
2018 Indigenous 7 93 105
2018 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1700

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 8 92 85
2022 First Nations 13 87 35
2022 Métis 4 96 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1465
2019 Indigenous 8 92 122
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1758
2018 Indigenous 5 95 105
2018 Non-Indigenous 7 93 1700

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 10 90 85
2022 First Nations 11 89 35
2022 Métis 10 90 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1465
2020 Indigenous 12 88 91
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1455
2019 Indigenous 12 88 122
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1758
2018 Indigenous 9 91 105
2018 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1700

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 15 85 85
2022 First Nations 14 86 35
2022 Métis 18 82 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1465
2020 Indigenous 11 89 91
2020 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1455
2019 Indigenous 11 89 122
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1758
2018 Indigenous 9 91 105
2018 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1700

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 11 89 85
2022 First Nations 13 87 35
2022 Métis 10 90 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1465
2020 Indigenous 10 90 91
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1455
2019 Indigenous 8 92 122
2019 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1758
2018 Indigenous 11 89 105
2018 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1700

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 10 90 85
2022 First Nations 8 92 35
2022 Métis 13 87 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1465
2020 Indigenous 10 90 91
2020 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1455
2019 Indigenous 11 89 122
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1758
2018 Indigenous 11 89 105
2018 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1700

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 14 86 85
2022 First Nations 10 90 35
2022 Métis 19 81 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1465
2020 Indigenous 10 90 91
2020 Non-Indigenous 15 85 1455
2019 Indigenous 12 88 122
2019 Non-Indigenous 15 85 1758
2018 Indigenous 10 90 105
2018 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1700

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 28 72 85
2022 First Nations 28 72 35
2022 Métis 30 70 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 24 76 1465
2020 Indigenous 28 72 91
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 72 1455
2019 Indigenous 23 77 122
2019 Non-Indigenous 30 70 1758
2018 Indigenous 27 73 105
2018 Non-Indigenous 28 72 1700

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 9 91 85
2022 First Nations 3 97 35
2022 Métis 12 88 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1465
2020 Indigenous 7 93 91
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1455
2019 Indigenous 6 94 122
2019 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1758
2018 Indigenous 10 90 105
2018 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1700

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 47 53 85
2022 First Nations 53 47 35
2022 Métis 41 59 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 59 1465
2020 Indigenous 46 54 91
2020 Non-Indigenous 48 52 1455
2019 Indigenous 41 59 122
2019 Non-Indigenous 46 54 1758
2018 Indigenous 51 49 105
2018 Non-Indigenous 44 56 1700

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 1 99 85
2022 First Nations 0 100 35
2022 Métis 0 100 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 1465

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 41 59 85
2022 First Nations 40 60 35
2022 Métis 41 59 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 46 54 1465
2020 Indigenous 45 55 91
2020 Non-Indigenous 53 47 1455
2019 Indigenous 47 53 122
2019 Non-Indigenous 51 49 1758
2018 Indigenous 48 52 105
2018 Non-Indigenous 51 49 1700

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 100 85
2022 First Nations 0 100 35
2022 Métis 0 100 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 1465

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 21 79 85
2022 First Nations 18 82 35
2022 Métis 25 75 45
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 1465
2020 Indigenous 18 82 91
2020 Non-Indigenous 16 84 1455
2019 Indigenous 13 87 122
2019 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1758
2018 Indigenous 20 80 105
2018 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1700

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 22 11 12 4 6 34 11 59 18 735
2022 First Nations 27 11 11 4 5 32 10 65 16 315
2022 Métis 19 10 12 5 7 36 11 55 22 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 13 12 4 3 38 12 62 14 19780
2020 Indigenous 25 13 18 6 7 26 6 55 18 772
2020 First Nations 27 12 15 6 6 27 7 59 19 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 24 12 24 4 4 24 7 53 12 25
2020 Métis 24 13 21 5 8 24 5 53 18 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 15 15 5 4 31 8 60 14 18087
2019 Indigenous 20 16 18 8 9 21 7 51 24 686
2019 First Nations 22 18 18 7 9 20 6 54 22 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 18 19 19 5 8 22 9 54 19 35
2019 Métis 19 15 18 9 10 22 7 48 27 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 16 19 7 6 27 8 51 20 15122
2018 Indigenous 16 15 25 7 10 21 7 43 23 643
2018 Non-Indigenous 16 17 22 6 6 27 7 50 18 13842

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 42 26 13 3 4 12 1 78 8 735
2022 First Nations 47 27 11 2 2 11 0 83 5 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 48 23 10 0 5 14 0 82 6 20
2022 Métis 38 26 14 4 6 12 1 73 11 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 39 29 11 4 2 13 2 80 7 19780
2020 Indigenous 43 23 14 6 5 9 1 73 11 769
2020 First Nations 44 22 11 8 3 11 1 74 13 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 40 28 12 8 7 4 0 71 16 25
2020 Métis 44 24 15 4 5 7 1 74 10 403
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 28 14 4 3 10 1 76 8 18084
2019 Indigenous 38 24 15 7 7 8 1 68 16 687
2019 First Nations 40 24 14 6 7 8 1 70 15 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 42 13 19 10 5 6 4 61 17 35
2019 Métis 38 24 16 7 7 7 1 67 15 355
2019 Non-Indigenous 35 30 16 5 4 8 1 72 11 15130
2018 Indigenous 29 26 20 8 8 7 1 60 17 643
2018 Non-Indigenous 30 32 18 6 4 9 1 69 11 13849

Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 9 91 735
2022 First Nations 10 90 315
2022 Métis 9 91 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 19800
2020 Indigenous 9 91 771
2020 Métis 8 92 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 94 18094
2019 Indigenous 10 90 683
2019 Métis 9 91 353
2019 Non-Indigenous 7 93 15105
2018 Indigenous 11 89 646
2018 Non-Indigenous 7 93 13845

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 21 79 65
2022 First Nations 19 81 30
2022 Métis 16 84 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 77 1170
2020 Indigenous 32 68 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 30 70 1051
2019 Indigenous 47 53 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 67 1077
2018 Indigenous 37 63 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 36 64 929

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 70 30 65
2022 First Nations 65 35 30
2022 Métis 77 23 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 76 24 1170
2020 Indigenous 84 16 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 79 21 1051
2019 Indigenous 78 22 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 75 25 1077
2018 Indigenous 77 23 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 76 24 929

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 3 97 65
2022 First Nations 6 94 30
2022 Métis 3 97 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1170
2019 Indigenous 7 93 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1077

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 100 65
2022 First Nations 0 100 30
2022 Métis 0 100 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 1170
2019 Métis 0 100 30

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 20 80 65
2022 First Nations 22 78 30
2022 Métis 16 84 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1170
2020 Indigenous 12 88 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1051
2019 Métis 0 100 30

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 11 89 65
2022 First Nations 11 89 30
2022 Métis 9 91 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1170
2020 Indigenous 17 83 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1051
2019 Indigenous 13 87 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1077
2018 Indigenous 10 90 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 13 87 929

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 17 83 65
2022 First Nations 16 84 30
2022 Métis 12 88 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 87 1170
2020 Indigenous 9 91 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1051

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 28 72 65
2022 First Nations 45 55 30
2022 Métis 19 81 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 26 74 1160
2020 Indigenous 37 63 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 71 1051
2019 Indigenous 34 66 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 72 1052
2018 Indigenous 38 62 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 25 75 926

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 19 81 65
2022 First Nations 34 66 30
2022 Métis 11 89 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 1160
2020 Indigenous 18 82 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 78 1051
2019 Indigenous 20 80 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 79 1052
2018 Indigenous 18 82 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 20 80 926

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 4 96 65
2022 First Nations 8 92 30
2022 Métis 0 100 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1160
2019 Indigenous 10 90 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 17 83 1052

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 12 88 65
2022 First Nations 14 86 30
2022 Métis 9 91 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 9 91 1160
2020 Métis 0 100 34
2019 Métis 0 100 30

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 15 85 65
2022 First Nations 16 84 30
2022 Métis 14 86 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 78 1160
2020 Indigenous 22 78 73
2020 Métis 38 62 34
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 75 1051
2019 Indigenous 29 71 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 72 1052
2018 Indigenous 30 70 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 28 72 926

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 23 77 65
2022 First Nations 29 71 30
2022 Métis 18 82 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 1160
2020 Indigenous 19 81 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 18 82 1051
2019 Indigenous 16 84 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 80 1052
2018 Indigenous 9 91 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 22 78 926

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 9 91 65
2022 First Nations 11 89 30
2022 Métis 8 92 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1160
2020 Indigenous 8 92 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1051
2019 Indigenous 11 89 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1052
2018 Indigenous 7 93 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 4 96 926

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 4 96 65
2022 First Nations 3 97 30
2022 Métis 5 95 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1160
2020 Indigenous 7 93 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 1 99 1051

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 4 96 65
2022 First Nations 3 97 30
2022 Métis 5 95 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1160
2019 Indigenous 11 89 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1052

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 17 83 65
2022 First Nations 15 85 30
2022 Métis 17 83 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 1160
2020 Indigenous 22 78 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 21 79 1051
2019 Indigenous 16 84 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 82 1052
2018 Indigenous 12 88 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 18 82 926

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 4 96 65
2022 First Nations 3 97 30
2022 Métis 3 97 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 1160
2020 Indigenous 0 100 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 1 99 1051

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 25 75 65
2022 First Nations 21 79 30
2022 Métis 29 71 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 23 77 1160
2020 Indigenous 31 69 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 77 1051
2019 Indigenous 34 66 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 79 1052
2018 Indigenous 36 64 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 22 78 926

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 1 99 65
2022 First Nations 0 100 30
2022 Métis 2 98 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 0 100 1160
2018 Indigenous 0 100 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 0 100 926

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 15 85 65
2022 First Nations 17 83 30
2022 Métis 17 83 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 80 1160
2020 Indigenous 12 88 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 19 81 1051
2019 Indigenous 19 81 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 19 81 1052
2018 Indigenous 15 85 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 18 82 926

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 44 56 65
2022 First Nations 48 52 30
2022 Métis 41 59 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 67 1165
2020 Indigenous 33 67 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 72 1051
2019 Indigenous 33 67 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 72 1042
2018 Indigenous 41 59 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 32 68 930

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 19 81 65
2022 First Nations 14 86 30
2022 Métis 21 79 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 90 1165
2020 Indigenous 23 77 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1051
2019 Indigenous 11 89 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1042
2018 Indigenous 31 69 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 14 86 930

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 6 94 65
2022 First Nations 0 100 30
2022 Métis 12 88 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1165
2019 Indigenous 7 93 67
2019 Métis 0 100 30
2019 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1042

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 21 79 65
2022 First Nations 14 86 30
2022 Métis 30 70 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 1165
2020 Indigenous 25 75 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 83 1051
2019 Indigenous 20 80 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 16 84 1042
2018 Indigenous 26 74 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 19 81 930

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 9 91 65
2022 First Nations 11 89 30
2022 Métis 6 94 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1165
2020 Indigenous 7 93 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1051

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 13 87 65
2022 First Nations 9 91 30
2022 Métis 17 83 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1165
2020 Indigenous 12 88 73
2020 Métis 15 85 34
2020 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1051
2019 Indigenous 9 91 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1042
2018 Indigenous 13 87 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 6 94 930

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 7 93 65
2022 First Nations 11 89 30
2022 Métis 5 95 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1165
2020 Métis 0 100 34
2019 Indigenous 9 91 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 1042
2018 Indigenous 10 90 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 9 91 930

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 14 86 65
2022 First Nations 11 89 30
2022 Métis 14 86 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1165
2020 Indigenous 12 88 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1051
2019 Indigenous 14 86 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1042
2018 Indigenous 13 87 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 9 91 930

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 29 71 65
2022 First Nations 26 74 30
2022 Métis 29 71 35
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 52 1165
2020 Indigenous 44 56 73
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 51 1051
2019 Indigenous 46 54 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 48 52 1042
2018 Indigenous 30 70 68
2018 Non-Indigenous 46 54 930

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 12 88 55
2022 First Nations 20 80 30
2022 Métis 6 94 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 94 1075
2020 Indigenous 9 91 64
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 93 987

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 20 80 55
2022 First Nations 26 74 30
2022 Métis 16 84 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 15 85 1075
2019 Indigenous 23 77 54
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 82 923
2018 Indigenous 9 91 59
2018 Non-Indigenous 12 88 874

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 6 94 55
2022 First Nations 8 92 30
2022 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1075

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 8 92 55
2022 First Nations 13 87 30
2022 Métis 6 94 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1075

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 4 96 55
2022 First Nations 8 92 30
2022 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 1075
2020 Indigenous 8 92 64
2020 Non-Indigenous 3 97 987

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 100 55
2022 First Nations 0 100 30
2022 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 96 1075

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 6 94 55
2022 First Nations 3 97 30
2022 Métis 10 90 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 92 1075
2020 Indigenous 8 92 64
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 987
2018 Indigenous 9 91 59
2018 Non-Indigenous 9 91 874

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 15 85 55
2022 First Nations 20 80 30
2022 Métis 7 93 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 1075
2020 Indigenous 9 91 64
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 987
2019 Indigenous 24 76 54
2019 Non-Indigenous 11 89 923
2018 Indigenous 15 85 59
2018 Non-Indigenous 14 86 874

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 7 93 55
2022 First Nations 10 90 30
2022 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 88 1075
2020 Indigenous 14 86 64
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 88 987
2019 Indigenous 11 89 54
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 88 923
2018 Indigenous 19 81 59
2018 Non-Indigenous 11 89 874

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 20 80 55
2022 First Nations 16 84 30
2022 Métis 15 85 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 78 1075
2020 Indigenous 27 73 64
2020 Non-Indigenous 25 75 987
2019 Indigenous 34 66 54
2019 Non-Indigenous 27 73 923
2018 Indigenous 34 66 59
2018 Non-Indigenous 27 73 874

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 5 95 55
2022 First Nations 4 96 30
2022 Métis 4 96 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 5 95 1075
2020 Indigenous 12 88 64
2020 Non-Indigenous 8 92 987
2018 Indigenous 13 87 59
2018 Non-Indigenous 8 92 874

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 40 60 55
2022 First Nations 44 56 30
2022 Métis 33 67 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 41 59 1075
2020 Indigenous 46 54 64
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 56 987
2019 Indigenous 50 50 54
2019 Non-Indigenous 43 57 923
2018 Indigenous 58 42 59
2018 Non-Indigenous 45 55 874

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 2 98 55
2022 First Nations 0 100 30
2022 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 1 99 1075
2020 Indigenous 0 100 64
2020 Non-Indigenous 2 98 987
2018 Indigenous 0 100 59
2018 Non-Indigenous 1 99 874

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 43 57 55
2022 First Nations 38 62 30
2022 Métis 41 59 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 57 43 1075
2020 Indigenous 48 52 64
2020 Non-Indigenous 57 43 987
2019 Indigenous 68 32 54
2019 Non-Indigenous 60 40 923
2018 Indigenous 54 46 59
2018 Non-Indigenous 60 40 874

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 0 100 55
2022 First Nations 0 100 30
2022 Métis 0 100 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 2 98 1075

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 22 78 55
2022 First Nations 22 78 30
2022 Métis 17 83 30
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 1075
2020 Indigenous 20 80 64
2020 Métis 24 76 29
2020 Non-Indigenous 15 85 987
2018 Indigenous 15 85 59
2018 Non-Indigenous 14 86 874

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 22 14 16 4 4 34 7 61 13 735
2022 First Nations 27 15 13 3 3 32 7 69 9 315
2022 Métis 18 13 17 5 4 35 7 54 16 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 14 14 3 2 37 8 65 9 19805
2020 Indigenous 26 14 19 4 5 28 5 60 13 772
2020 First Nations 27 15 15 5 5 28 5 62 15 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 24 8 25 4 0 35 4 53 7 25
2020 Métis 27 14 20 3 5 26 5 59 12 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 23 15 16 3 2 34 7 64 9 18055
2019 Indigenous 24 14 22 3 6 25 6 56 13 687
2019 First Nations 27 13 21 4 6 24 4 56 14 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 18 24 19 4 6 24 4 60 14 35
2019 Métis 22 14 23 2 6 26 8 54 12 355
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 15 20 4 4 30 8 56 12 15099
2018 Indigenous 17 16 27 4 6 23 6 47 14 649
2018 Non-Indigenous 18 17 22 3 3 30 6 55 10 13851

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 43 27 13 3 4 10 1 78 7 735
2022 First Nations 49 26 11 2 4 8 1 81 7 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 34 38 5 0 5 18 0 87 7 20
2022 Métis 39 28 15 3 4 10 2 75 8 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 29 12 3 2 12 2 80 6 19810
2020 Indigenous 44 24 14 5 4 9 1 75 10 770
2020 First Nations 42 25 11 6 5 10 1 76 12 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 40 16 25 0 4 16 0 66 4 25
2020 Métis 45 24 14 4 3 8 2 76 8 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 28 14 3 2 11 1 77 6 18089
2019 Indigenous 44 23 14 4 5 9 1 74 10 685
2019 First Nations 46 21 14 5 6 9 0 73 11 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 47 13 10 7 6 16 0 72 15 35
2019 Métis 43 26 15 3 4 8 2 76 8 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 38 28 16 4 3 10 1 74 7 15092
2018 Indigenous 34 27 20 4 6 7 2 66 12 647
2018 Non-Indigenous 32 31 19 3 3 10 1 72 7 13869

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 18 82 735
2022 First Nations 16 84 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 24 76 20
2022 Métis 19 81 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 14 86 19795
2020 Indigenous 19 81 769
2020 First Nations 19 81 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 16 84 25
2020 Métis 19 81 404
2020 Non-Indigenous 17 83 18040
2019 Indigenous 29 71 685
2019 First Nations 30 70 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 30 70 35
2019 Métis 28 72 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 78 15121

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 62 38 135
2022 First Nations 69 31 50
2022 Métis 58 42 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 61 39 2785
2020 Indigenous 58 42 147
2020 Métis 60 40 78
2020 Non-Indigenous 52 48 2986

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 69 31 135
2022 First Nations 80 20 50
2022 Métis 65 35 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 76 24 2785
2020 Indigenous 80 20 146
2020 Métis 85 15 78
2020 Non-Indigenous 80 20 2983
2019 Indigenous 80 20 200
2019 First Nations 81 19 82
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 92 8 11
2019 Métis 80 20 100
2019 Non-Indigenous 84 16 3294

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 53 37 2 5 2 0 2 91 7 95
2022 First Nations 55 33 3 7 0 0 2 90 8 40
2022 Métis 47 42 0 5 4 0 2 91 9 50
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 32 7 6 4 1 0 83 11 2120
2020 Indigenous 55 27 3 11 3 0 0 82 14 117
2020 Métis 54 27 2 13 3 0 0 82 17 66
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 33 7 7 3 0 0 84 9 2389
2019 Indigenous 48 32 4 9 5 1 0 81 14 153
2019 First Nations 46 30 4 13 6 0 0 77 19 63
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 50 30 0 10 10 0 0 80 20 10
2019 Métis 51 34 3 6 4 1 0 87 10 78
2019 Non-Indigenous 47 33 6 10 4 0 0 81 13 2714

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 51 27 8 6 4 2 2 82 10 735
2022 First Nations 54 24 7 5 3 3 3 84 8 310
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 52 24 4 9 5 6 0 81 15 20
2022 Métis 49 30 9 6 4 1 2 81 10 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 31 7 5 2 3 3 85 7 19800
2020 Indigenous 52 28 9 4 3 3 1 83 8 771
2020 First Nations 52 27 8 7 3 2 2 82 10 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 44 5 7 4 4 0 83 12 25
2020 Métis 53 29 10 2 3 2 1 85 5 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 50 31 8 5 2 2 2 85 7 18101

Future of work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?

Survey year Demographic 20% (1 out of 5 days)
(%)		 40% (2 out of 5 days)
(%)		 60% (3 out of 5 days)
(%)		 80% (4 out of 5 days)
(%)		 Other Please specify
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 33 16 5 3 43 185
2022 First Nations 37 18 3 5 38 75
2022 Métis 32 16 6 2 43 105
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 12 4 4 52 5055

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 61 39 280
2022 First Nations 65 35 120
2022 Métis 56 44 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 59 41 6835

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 30 70 280
2022 First Nations 32 68 120
2022 Métis 27 73 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 63 6830

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 50 50 280
2022 First Nations 47 53 120
2022 Métis 54 46 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 45 6830

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 33 67 280
2022 First Nations 33 67 120
2022 Métis 32 68 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 68 6830

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 20 80 280
2022 First Nations 20 80 120
2022 Métis 19 81 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 19 81 6830

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 41 59 280
2022 First Nations 38 62 120
2022 Métis 43 57 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 65 6830

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 19 81 280
2022 First Nations 20 80 120
2022 Métis 17 83 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 17 83 6830

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 23 77 280
2022 First Nations 27 73 120
2022 Métis 18 82 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 78 6830

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 19 81 280
2022 First Nations 19 81 120
2022 Métis 21 79 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 16 84 6830

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 24 76 280
2022 First Nations 23 77 120
2022 Métis 23 77 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 22 78 6830

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 35 65 280
2022 First Nations 33 67 120
2022 Métis 37 63 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 33 67 6830

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 4 96 280
2022 First Nations 6 94 120
2022 Métis 3 97 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 3 97 6830

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 19 81 280
2022 First Nations 18 82 120
2022 Métis 19 81 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 18 82 6830

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 69 11 3 2 3 0 12 91 6 280
2022 First Nations 65 13 3 1 3 0 15 91 5 120
2022 Métis 71 11 2 3 4 1 8 90 8 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 71 11 4 1 2 1 9 92 4 6835

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 8 10 16 9 41 4 11 60 22 280
2022 First Nations 7 9 18 8 36 5 16 56 21 120
2022 Métis 7 13 16 10 41 4 8 59 23 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 12 14 13 41 4 10 62 21 6835

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 8 18 17 13 31 7 5 50 30 280
2022 First Nations 10 15 21 13 28 8 5 47 28 120
2022 Métis 6 21 16 13 30 7 6 50 32 150
2022 Non-Indigenous 8 18 17 13 34 6 5 52 29 6840
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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 58 25 6 5 4 1 1 85 9 735
2022 First Nations 62 22 5 6 3 1 1 85 9 310
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 42 33 0 5 10 10 0 84 16 20
2022 Métis 54 28 7 4 5 1 2 85 9 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 56 27 7 4 4 1 1 85 8 19805
2020 Indigenous 51 27 8 8 5 1 0 79 13 767
2020 First Nations 49 28 8 7 6 1 0 78 14 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 44 36 13 7 0 0 0 80 7 25
2020 Métis 53 25 9 7 4 1 0 79 12 403
2020 Non-Indigenous 51 29 9 7 4 1 0 81 10 18033

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 5 7 14 6 38 4 26 63 17 735
2022 First Nations 7 8 13 5 38 4 25 61 21 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 5 13 33 4 26 4 14 38 22 20
2022 Métis 4 6 14 7 37 3 29 66 14 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 4 5 11 6 40 6 28 70 14 19780

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 38 37 12 7 4 2 0 77 11 735
2022 First Nations 41 36 11 9 3 1 0 77 12 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 47 43 0 0 10 0 0 90 10 20
2022 Métis 36 38 14 6 4 2 0 76 10 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 36 39 13 6 4 2 0 77 10 19800
2020 Indigenous 47 37 7 6 2 1 0 84 8 769
2020 First Nations 49 37 7 4 2 1 0 87 6 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 36 13 0 4 0 0 84 4 25
2020 Métis 45 37 7 7 2 1 0 84 10 404
2020 Non-Indigenous 43 39 11 5 2 1 0 82 7 18065
2019 Indigenous 37 37 12 8 5 2 0 75 13 683
2019 First Nations 38 33 13 8 5 3 0 73 13 276
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 42 40 6 10 3 0 0 82 12 35
2019 Métis 35 39 13 8 5 1 0 75 12 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 41 13 7 4 2 0 75 11 15074
2018 Indigenous 32 34 17 10 5 2 0 68 15 644
2018 Non-Indigenous 31 41 14 7 4 2 0 74 11 13851

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year Demographic Excellent
(%)		 Very good
(%)		 Good
(%)		 Fair
(%)		 Poor
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 10 25 38 20 7 735
2022 First Nations 12 26 36 17 8 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 0 28 51 17 4 20
2022 Métis 8 25 39 23 6 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 12 28 36 19 6 19805

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 58 25 10 2 3 3 1 85 5 735
2022 First Nations 60 25 8 2 3 2 0 87 5 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 56 19 5 5 5 10 0 84 11 20
2022 Métis 55 26 11 1 3 2 1 84 4 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 57 25 9 3 2 3 1 86 5 19805
2020 Indigenous 51 24 14 4 3 4 0 78 7 770
2020 First Nations 49 25 15 2 3 5 1 78 6 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 20 13 15 0 4 0 70 16 25
2020 Métis 52 24 13 4 4 3 0 79 8 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 49 27 12 4 3 4 1 80 7 18009

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 51 23 9 10 6 1 0 75 16 735
2022 First Nations 54 22 7 10 5 1 0 78 15 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 38 27 5 13 10 6 0 70 24 20
2022 Métis 48 24 10 10 6 1 1 73 16 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 25 8 8 6 2 1 77 15 19800
2020 Indigenous 42 24 11 12 9 1 1 67 21 771
2020 First Nations 40 23 12 13 10 1 1 65 24 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 44 28 13 15 0 0 0 72 15 25
2020 Métis 44 24 11 10 9 1 0 69 20 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 40 28 11 11 7 2 1 70 19 18047

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 33 37 13 9 6 1 1 71 16 735
2022 First Nations 37 38 11 7 5 1 2 76 13 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 31 38 12 9 10 0 0 69 19 20
2022 Métis 28 40 15 10 7 1 0 68 17 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 32 39 13 9 5 2 0 72 14 19790
2020 Indigenous 38 32 15 9 6 2 0 70 15 773
2020 First Nations 36 34 16 7 6 1 0 71 13 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 24 13 16 7 4 0 62 24 25
2020 Métis 40 30 13 9 6 1 0 71 16 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 36 33 15 8 5 2 0 71 13 18094
2019 Indigenous 24 37 15 14 10 1 0 62 23 686
2019 First Nations 26 34 14 15 11 1 0 60 26 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 29 39 16 10 6 0 0 69 15 35
2019 Métis 22 39 15 14 9 1 0 62 23 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 24 36 17 13 9 1 0 61 23 15112
2018 Indigenous 24 31 19 13 10 2 0 57 24 645
2018 Non-Indigenous 23 37 17 13 8 2 0 61 22 13860

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 24 53 8 12 2 2 0 78 14 120
2022 First Nations 29 45 10 10 5 2 0 75 15 40
2022 Métis 21 58 8 12 0 2 0 80 12 75
2022 Non-Indigenous 21 52 11 12 3 1 0 74 15 3185
2020 Indigenous 30 53 9 4 4 0 0 83 8 110
2020 Métis 23 59 11 3 5 0 0 82 7 67
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 49 11 10 2 1 0 76 13 2881
2019 Indigenous 25 53 8 12 2 1 0 78 14 111
2019 Métis 20 49 12 16 1 1 0 70 18 67
2019 Non-Indigenous 21 48 13 12 3 1 1 71 16 2494

Work-related stress

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 25 25 18 12 18 1 1 51 31 730
2022 First Nations 25 23 19 12 19 0 2 49 32 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 28 17 17 9 28 0 0 45 38 20
2022 Métis 25 27 17 12 18 0 0 52 30 385
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 26 18 11 15 0 2 54 27 19730
2020 Indigenous 32 22 22 11 12 1 1 55 23 769
2020 First Nations 32 22 23 12 10 1 0 55 22 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 32 11 36 4 12 4 0 45 17 25
2020 Métis 31 24 21 9 13 1 1 56 23 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 28 27 21 12 11 0 1 55 23 18075
2019 Indigenous 16 21 21 17 24 0 1 37 41 685
2019 First Nations 20 21 19 14 25 1 1 41 40 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 26 16 23 3 30 3 0 43 33 35
2019 Métis 12 21 23 19 24 0 1 33 43 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 18 23 21 15 21 0 1 42 37 15138
2018 Indigenous 15 22 19 17 26 0 1 38 43 644
2018 Non-Indigenous 16 22 21 16 23 0 2 38 40 13867

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 23 24 25 15 11 0 1 48 27 735
2022 First Nations 24 24 27 13 11 0 1 48 24 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 24 27 21 9 14 0 5 54 24 20
2022 Métis 22 23 24 17 12 1 1 46 29 385
2022 Non-Indigenous 20 26 25 14 12 0 1 47 27 19715
2020 Indigenous 26 25 25 14 9 0 1 52 23 771
2020 First Nations 29 28 22 13 7 0 1 57 21 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 44 24 16 13 4 0 0 68 17 25
2020 Métis 22 24 28 13 10 1 2 47 24 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 26 25 15 11 0 1 48 26 18092
2019 Indigenous 23 24 24 17 10 0 1 48 27 683
2019 First Nations 28 20 23 17 10 0 2 49 27 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 41 27 5 14 14 0 0 67 27 35
2019 Métis 18 27 27 17 10 0 1 45 28 353
2019 Non-Indigenous 20 27 26 15 11 0 1 47 26 15120
2018 Indigenous 21 23 26 16 13 0 1 44 30 643
2018 Non-Indigenous 17 25 29 17 11 0 1 42 28 13844

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 34 24 21 9 8 0 3 61 18 730
2022 First Nations 37 25 20 7 8 1 3 64 15 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 29 17 27 13 10 0 4 48 24 20
2022 Métis 33 23 20 12 8 0 3 58 21 385
2022 Non-Indigenous 28 26 20 12 10 1 4 57 23 19695
2020 Indigenous 34 25 19 10 8 1 3 61 19 772
2020 First Nations 37 25 17 9 7 1 3 65 17 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 47 17 24 4 8 0 0 64 12 25
2020 Métis 30 26 20 11 9 1 3 58 20 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 26 20 12 8 1 3 59 20 18052
2019 Indigenous 30 27 19 11 8 1 4 60 20 684
2019 First Nations 34 24 20 11 7 0 3 60 19 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 46 16 13 6 14 3 3 66 20 35
2019 Métis 26 31 19 12 8 1 4 59 21 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 27 21 12 8 1 3 57 21 15042
2018 Indigenous 25 26 20 14 10 0 4 54 25 641
2018 Non-Indigenous 24 26 24 14 10 1 3 51 24 13798

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 29 19 22 14 12 3 2 50 27 730
2022 First Nations 31 18 22 13 11 3 2 51 25 310
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 18 13 16 28 9 12 4 37 45 20
2022 Métis 28 20 22 13 14 1 2 49 28 385
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 23 19 13 11 3 3 53 26 19700
2020 Indigenous 31 23 21 12 9 3 2 56 22 770
2020 First Nations 33 23 20 11 9 3 2 58 21 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 41 17 17 16 0 9 0 64 18 24
2020 Métis 29 24 22 11 10 2 2 55 22 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 29 25 20 12 9 2 2 56 23 18012
2019 Indigenous 23 23 21 16 14 1 2 47 31 683
2019 First Nations 25 23 22 15 14 0 1 49 29 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 35 19 16 8 19 3 0 55 28 35
2019 Métis 20 22 22 19 14 1 2 44 33 352
2019 Non-Indigenous 22 25 22 15 13 1 2 48 29 15048
2018 Indigenous 19 19 22 17 19 1 2 39 38 643
2018 Non-Indigenous 21 23 24 17 13 1 2 45 30 13803

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 57 19 8 3 3 1 9 85 7 735
2022 First Nations 60 17 6 2 2 2 11 88 5 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 53 10 9 5 5 0 17 76 12 20
2022 Métis 54 21 9 4 5 0 8 81 9 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 55 19 9 3 3 1 9 83 8 19745
2020 Indigenous 57 18 10 4 4 1 6 80 9 766
2020 First Nations 58 19 8 3 4 0 7 83 8 317
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 68 16 4 4 0 4 5 91 4 25
2020 Métis 56 16 12 4 5 1 5 77 10 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 53 21 11 5 4 1 5 78 9 18021
2019 Indigenous 58 17 9 4 3 1 9 82 8 682
2019 First Nations 60 18 7 5 3 0 7 84 9 275
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 63 6 8 0 6 3 15 84 7 35
2019 Métis 56 17 11 5 2 1 9 81 7 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 56 20 9 4 3 1 8 83 7 15057
2018 Indigenous 55 18 12 3 4 1 8 79 8 640
2018 Non-Indigenous 51 22 11 4 3 1 8 80 8 13820

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 41 25 17 7 8 1 1 68 16 735
2022 First Nations 47 23 14 6 9 1 1 72 15 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 38 27 17 9 10 0 0 64 19 20
2022 Métis 36 28 18 8 8 0 2 65 16 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 38 27 17 8 9 0 1 66 17 19750
2020 Indigenous 33 27 18 12 9 0 1 61 21 770
2020 First Nations 33 27 15 11 12 0 1 61 24 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 44 23 20 8 0 0 5 71 8 25
2020 Métis 31 28 19 12 8 0 1 61 20 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 27 20 10 9 0 1 61 19 18069
2019 Indigenous 29 31 20 9 10 0 1 61 19 685
2019 First Nations 30 31 19 9 10 0 1 61 19 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 49 16 21 3 8 0 3 67 11 35
2019 Métis 27 32 21 9 10 0 1 60 19 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 33 29 19 10 8 0 1 63 18 15101
2018 Indigenous 32 22 21 13 10 0 1 54 24 645
2018 Non-Indigenous 29 27 22 11 9 0 1 57 21 13857

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 37 29 16 7 8 2 2 68 15 730
2022 First Nations 41 29 13 7 6 2 3 73 14 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 38 29 14 5 6 8 0 73 12 20
2022 Métis 34 29 18 6 10 1 2 65 16 385
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 29 17 8 7 2 3 66 16 19720
2020 Indigenous 40 26 18 8 4 2 1 69 13 770
2020 First Nations 40 27 16 9 4 2 2 69 14 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 52 31 13 0 0 4 0 87 0 25
2020 Métis 39 26 19 8 4 2 2 68 12 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 34 32 19 8 5 1 2 68 13 18039
2019 Indigenous 33 29 19 10 7 0 2 64 17 682
2019 First Nations 34 27 19 10 7 1 2 63 18 275
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 44 34 13 0 6 0 3 81 6 35
2019 Métis 31 30 20 11 6 0 2 62 17 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 33 21 10 6 1 2 63 16 15073
2018 Indigenous 25 29 24 11 8 1 2 56 19 646
2018 Non-Indigenous 24 32 25 10 6 1 2 58 17 13818

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 30 27 19 10 11 2 1 59 21 735
2022 First Nations 34 26 18 8 10 2 2 62 19 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 31 31 23 9 5 0 0 62 14 20
2022 Métis 29 25 19 11 12 2 1 56 24 385
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 28 20 11 9 1 2 59 21 19745
2020 Indigenous 28 29 20 13 8 1 1 58 21 769
2020 First Nations 28 30 21 11 8 1 1 59 20 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 32 36 17 11 0 4 0 71 12 25
2020 Métis 29 27 19 13 9 2 1 58 23 404
2020 Non-Indigenous 26 29 22 13 8 1 1 56 21 18038
2019 Indigenous 26 29 23 12 8 0 2 56 21 683
2019 First Nations 29 27 20 15 8 0 1 57 22 276
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 39 29 14 11 6 0 3 69 16 35
2019 Métis 23 31 26 9 9 0 2 55 19 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 25 32 22 12 7 1 1 59 19 15064
2018 Indigenous 22 30 26 11 8 1 1 54 20 645
2018 Non-Indigenous 22 31 24 13 7 1 2 54 21 13829

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 38 26 16 9 9 1 2 66 18 735
2022 First Nations 40 27 16 7 8 1 1 68 15 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 34 42 4 10 10 0 0 76 20 20
2022 Métis 38 25 16 9 11 0 2 64 20 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 37 28 17 8 7 1 2 67 16 19750
2020 Indigenous 33 29 18 10 7 1 1 64 17 772
2020 First Nations 35 28 18 11 6 1 2 64 17 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 36 28 13 12 7 4 0 67 20 25
2020 Métis 32 31 19 10 7 1 1 64 17 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 30 19 10 6 1 1 64 17 18042
2019 Indigenous 33 29 16 11 9 0 2 64 20 680
2019 First Nations 37 29 15 9 8 1 1 67 17 275
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 48 19 11 10 9 0 3 70 19 34
2019 Métis 29 30 17 12 9 0 2 61 22 353
2019 Non-Indigenous 32 31 19 10 6 1 1 64 17 15043
2018 Indigenous 31 26 21 10 9 0 1 58 20 646
2018 Non-Indigenous 28 31 22 11 6 0 2 60 18 13817

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 49 23 11 8 6 1 2 74 14 730
2022 First Nations 52 21 12 7 7 1 1 74 14 310
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 46 29 5 9 5 0 5 79 15 20
2022 Métis 47 24 11 9 5 1 3 74 14 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 25 13 6 6 1 2 75 12 19740
2020 Indigenous 50 25 13 6 4 1 1 77 10 762
2020 First Nations 52 20 13 7 5 1 2 74 12 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 52 32 12 0 0 4 0 87 0 25
2020 Métis 48 28 12 6 3 1 1 78 10 399
2020 Non-Indigenous 46 26 14 7 6 1 1 73 13 18015
2019 Indigenous 42 25 15 8 8 1 1 69 16 685
2019 First Nations 42 25 16 9 6 1 1 68 15 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 57 22 8 3 8 0 3 81 11 35
2019 Métis 41 25 15 8 9 1 2 68 17 355
2019 Non-Indigenous 40 27 15 9 7 1 1 69 16 15036

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 53 27 11 5 3 0 1 81 8 735
2022 First Nations 55 26 10 5 3 0 1 82 8 310
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 45 37 9 4 5 0 0 82 9 20
2022 Métis 52 27 12 4 4 0 1 79 8 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 53 25 11 5 4 0 2 80 9 19755
2020 Indigenous 35 29 17 9 9 0 1 64 18 770
2020 First Nations 36 27 16 9 10 0 1 64 20 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 32 36 20 9 4 0 0 68 12 25
2020 Métis 33 29 18 10 7 0 1 64 18 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 31 30 21 10 7 0 1 62 17 18049

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 28 28 20 12 11 0 0 56 24 735
2022 First Nations 31 29 18 14 8 0 0 60 22 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 31 22 18 18 11 0 0 53 29 20
2022 Métis 27 26 21 11 15 0 1 53 26 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 27 28 21 12 11 0 1 56 23 19725
2020 Indigenous 24 23 24 15 13 1 1 48 28 772
2020 First Nations 25 23 25 14 12 1 0 48 26 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 48 16 20 9 8 0 0 64 17 25
2020 Métis 22 24 22 16 14 0 1 47 30 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 22 27 23 15 12 0 1 49 28 18065
2019 Indigenous 26 31 18 14 10 0 1 57 24 679
2019 First Nations 29 27 18 15 9 1 0 57 25 276
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 45 19 11 14 9 0 3 65 23 34
2019 Métis 22 34 20 13 10 0 1 57 24 351
2019 Non-Indigenous 28 29 22 12 8 0 1 58 20 15016
2018 Indigenous 24 27 25 11 12 1 0 52 23 645
2018 Non-Indigenous 23 29 24 14 9 0 1 53 23 13769

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 69 13 7 3 3 1 4 86 7 735
2022 First Nations 70 14 6 3 3 1 3 87 6 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 75 9 5 5 5 0 0 84 11 20
2022 Métis 67 12 6 4 4 1 6 85 8 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 66 16 6 3 4 1 5 86 7 19705
2020 Indigenous 57 22 12 4 3 0 1 81 7 769
2020 First Nations 56 23 12 5 3 0 1 80 8 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 69 20 8 4 0 0 0 89 4 25
2020 Métis 57 22 12 4 2 1 2 82 6 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 55 25 12 4 2 0 2 82 7 18014
2019 Indigenous 48 26 11 6 7 0 2 75 13 682
2019 First Nations 49 21 11 9 7 0 2 72 17 276
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 66 11 8 3 10 0 3 79 13 35
2019 Métis 46 30 13 5 6 0 1 77 11 353
2019 Non-Indigenous 49 24 14 6 5 0 2 75 11 15023
2018 Indigenous 47 22 13 8 7 1 2 71 15 645
2018 Non-Indigenous 47 24 14 6 5 0 3 73 12 13771

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 52 28 11 6 3 0 1 81 8 735
2022 First Nations 57 25 9 5 3 0 1 83 8 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 54 24 11 6 5 0 0 78 11 20
2022 Métis 48 30 12 6 3 0 1 79 9 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 48 31 12 4 4 0 2 80 8 19745
2020 Indigenous 34 32 19 8 6 0 1 67 14 768
2020 First Nations 35 33 22 6 4 0 0 68 10 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 40 33 12 11 4 0 0 73 15 25
2020 Métis 34 32 16 8 8 0 1 67 16 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 35 35 18 8 4 0 1 70 12 18022

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 72 13 3 2 3 0 6 91 6 735
2022 First Nations 74 11 3 1 3 0 8 93 4 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 62 18 4 5 5 0 5 84 11 20
2022 Métis 71 13 3 2 4 0 6 90 6 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 71 12 4 2 2 1 8 91 4 19755
2020 Indigenous 72 13 6 3 2 1 3 88 6 771
2020 First Nations 73 14 5 3 2 1 2 90 5 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 77 8 8 7 0 0 0 85 7 25
2020 Métis 70 13 7 3 2 1 4 87 5 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 68 16 7 2 2 1 4 89 4 17999
2019 Indigenous 65 14 8 3 4 0 6 84 7 680
2019 First Nations 68 13 8 3 5 0 3 84 8 273
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 74 5 3 0 8 0 10 88 9 35
2019 Métis 64 14 9 4 3 0 7 84 7 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 67 14 6 2 2 1 7 88 5 15030
2018 Indigenous 57 18 10 5 6 1 4 79 11 644
2018 Non-Indigenous 63 16 8 3 3 1 6 85 7 13795

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 77 9 4 2 4 0 3 90 6 735
2022 First Nations 78 10 4 2 3 0 3 90 5 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 81 8 0 0 5 0 5 94 6 20
2022 Métis 76 9 4 1 5 1 4 90 6 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 76 8 4 2 3 1 6 91 5 19740
2020 Indigenous 77 9 4 4 2 1 3 90 6 766
2020 First Nations 80 6 5 4 2 1 2 89 6 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 72 21 0 7 0 0 0 93 7 25
2020 Métis 76 10 3 3 3 1 3 90 6 403
2020 Non-Indigenous 79 8 4 2 2 1 3 91 5 17995
2019 Indigenous 65 15 7 5 5 1 3 82 10 685
2019 First Nations 65 15 7 5 6 0 2 82 11 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 74 11 4 3 6 0 3 87 8 35
2019 Métis 65 14 7 5 4 1 3 83 10 355
2019 Non-Indigenous 70 12 6 4 4 1 3 86 8 15068
2018 Indigenous 66 13 8 4 5 1 3 82 10 645
2018 Non-Indigenous 68 13 6 3 4 1 5 86 8 13795

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 77 15 3 1 1 0 3 94 3 735
2022 First Nations 75 16 4 2 2 0 2 93 3 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 75 25 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 20
2022 Métis 77 15 2 1 1 0 3 96 3 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 73 15 5 2 1 0 4 92 3 19755
2020 Indigenous 72 17 5 2 1 1 2 91 3 762
2020 First Nations 77 13 5 1 1 1 2 93 2 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 80 16 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 25
2020 Métis 68 19 5 2 2 1 2 90 5 400
2020 Non-Indigenous 73 15 5 2 1 0 2 91 3 17967
2019 Indigenous 55 26 9 5 3 0 2 83 8 684
2019 First Nations 58 23 8 5 3 0 1 83 9 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 65 16 3 11 3 0 3 83 14 35
2019 Métis 53 30 9 4 2 0 2 85 6 353
2019 Non-Indigenous 58 24 9 4 2 0 2 85 6 15024
2018 Indigenous 54 26 11 4 2 0 1 82 7 646
2018 Non-Indigenous 56 25 10 4 3 0 2 82 7 13834

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 70 16 6 3 3 0 2 88 6 735
2022 First Nations 70 15 5 4 4 0 2 87 8 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 81 5 9 0 5 0 0 85 5 20
2022 Métis 69 15 7 2 3 0 2 87 6 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 71 13 6 3 3 1 4 88 6 19720
2020 Indigenous 69 15 5 4 4 1 2 87 7 768
2020 First Nations 73 15 2 4 4 1 2 90 8 319
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 72 16 7 4 0 0 0 89 4 25
2020 Métis 67 15 8 3 4 0 3 85 7 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 71 14 6 3 3 1 2 87 7 17997
2019 Indigenous 59 19 9 6 6 0 1 79 12 685
2019 First Nations 59 20 6 6 7 0 1 80 13 277
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 65 14 6 11 3 0 3 81 14 35
2019 Métis 59 18 10 6 4 0 2 79 11 355
2019 Non-Indigenous 61 18 9 5 5 0 2 81 10 14996
2018 Indigenous 55 17 12 8 6 1 1 73 15 646
2018 Non-Indigenous 57 19 10 6 5 0 2 78 11 13795

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 66 6 3 1 1 0 23 94 2 735
2022 First Nations 65 6 3 1 1 0 24 94 2 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 59 10 5 0 0 0 26 93 0 20
2022 Métis 66 8 3 0 1 0 23 95 1 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 64 8 3 1 1 0 23 93 3 19725
2020 Indigenous 64 6 2 1 2 0 25 93 3 771
2020 First Nations 69 5 2 1 1 1 22 95 3 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 81 0 0 0 0 0 19 100 0 25
2020 Métis 60 6 3 1 2 0 28 91 5 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 61 8 3 1 1 1 25 93 3 18029
2019 Indigenous 54 12 3 1 1 0 28 91 4 679
2019 First Nations 57 12 4 1 2 0 24 91 4 276
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 57 11 0 0 3 0 29 96 4 34
2019 Métis 53 11 3 2 1 0 29 91 4 352
2019 Non-Indigenous 56 9 4 2 1 0 28 90 4 14969
2018 Indigenous 53 10 4 1 1 1 30 91 3 642
2018 Non-Indigenous 51 9 5 2 1 0 31 88 4 13738

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 70 17 5 2 1 0 4 91 3 735
2022 First Nations 70 17 6 2 1 0 4 91 3 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 68 10 9 9 0 0 4 81 9 20
2022 Métis 69 17 5 2 2 0 5 91 3 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 68 14 6 2 2 1 7 89 5 19720
2020 Indigenous 66 19 6 3 1 0 4 89 5 772
2020 First Nations 66 17 6 3 2 1 5 88 6 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 64 28 4 0 0 0 4 96 0 25
2020 Métis 67 19 5 3 0 0 4 90 4 406
2020 Non-Indigenous 68 16 7 3 2 1 4 88 5 18078
2019 Indigenous 60 20 7 4 3 0 6 85 7 685
2019 First Nations 58 20 8 4 3 0 6 83 8 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 66 18 8 0 3 0 5 88 3 35
2019 Métis 61 20 7 4 2 0 6 86 7 354
2019 Non-Indigenous 64 17 8 3 2 0 6 86 6 15032
2018 Indigenous 58 20 10 3 3 1 6 84 6 640
2018 Non-Indigenous 59 19 10 3 2 1 7 84 6 13785

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 62 16 8 6 5 1 3 80 11 735
2022 First Nations 64 15 6 5 5 1 3 82 11 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 63 19 12 0 0 0 5 87 0 20
2022 Métis 60 17 9 5 5 1 2 79 11 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 62 15 8 4 6 1 4 81 10 19780
2020 Indigenous 64 16 9 4 5 0 2 82 9 772
2020 First Nations 65 16 10 3 5 0 1 81 9 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 76 12 4 0 4 0 4 92 4 25
2020 Métis 63 17 9 4 4 0 2 82 9 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 64 17 8 4 4 1 2 83 8 18095
2019 Indigenous 62 17 7 4 6 0 3 82 11 686
2019 First Nations 62 15 8 4 8 1 3 80 12 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 65 21 9 0 3 0 3 88 3 34
2019 Métis 63 17 6 5 6 0 4 83 11 355
2019 Non-Indigenous 63 15 8 4 5 1 4 82 10 15078
2018 Indigenous 57 15 10 6 6 0 6 76 13 648
2018 Non-Indigenous 59 16 9 5 6 0 5 79 12 13836

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 49 30 11 5 3 1 2 81 8 735
2022 First Nations 48 31 10 5 3 1 2 81 8 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 49 19 13 4 9 0 5 72 14 20
2022 Métis 49 30 11 5 2 0 2 81 7 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 50 25 13 4 3 0 3 79 8 19775
2020 Indigenous 40 30 18 6 4 0 2 71 10 771
2020 First Nations 39 27 20 7 4 0 1 68 12 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 45 19 20 8 4 0 4 67 12 25
2020 Métis 39 33 16 5 4 0 2 74 9 405
2020 Non-Indigenous 44 29 16 6 3 0 1 75 9 18088
2019 Indigenous 44 29 15 7 3 0 2 75 10 686
2019 First Nations 44 29 14 6 4 0 2 75 10 278
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 44 30 5 10 8 0 3 76 19 35
2019 Métis 44 30 16 6 2 0 2 75 9 355
2019 Non-Indigenous 48 28 14 5 3 0 2 78 8 15043
2018 Indigenous 40 29 17 6 4 1 4 72 10 644
2018 Non-Indigenous 43 29 16 5 3 0 3 75 9 13817

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)		 Low
(%)		 Moderate
(%)		 High
(%)		 Very High
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 15 31 36 12 5 1 0 46 18 735
2022 First Nations 14 36 32 12 5 1 0 51 16 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 13 32 37 4 10 4 0 47 15 20
2022 Métis 14 26 39 13 6 1 0 41 19 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 13 31 37 13 6 0 0 44 19 19810
2020 Indigenous 16 32 34 12 5 0 0 49 17 771
2020 First Nations 15 34 33 13 5 0 0 49 18 321
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 24 28 37 7 4 0 0 52 11 25
2020 Métis 16 32 35 11 5 0 0 49 16 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 15 34 34 12 5 0 0 49 17 18105
2019 Indigenous 16 32 33 13 5 0 0 48 18 688
2019 First Nations 18 31 32 14 5 0 0 50 19 279
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 22 32 32 5 8 0 0 54 13 35
2019 Métis 14 34 35 13 5 0 0 48 17 356
2019 Non-Indigenous 15 33 34 13 5 0 0 48 18 15128
2018 Indigenous 12 30 36 17 6 0 0 42 22 650
2018 Non-Indigenous 13 30 37 14 5 0 0 44 19 13882

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 10 20 38 20 13 0 0 32 30 735
2022 First Nations 10 17 35 23 15 0 0 38 27 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 14 13 41 24 9 0 0 32 27 20
2022 Métis 10 22 41 15 11 0 0 26 33 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 19 39 21 11 0 0 32 29 19780
2020 Indigenous 14 23 35 18 9 0 0 28 37 767
2020 First Nations 14 26 34 18 9 0 0 26 39 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 4 25 39 27 5 0 0 32 29 25
2020 Métis 15 20 34 19 10 1 0 29 36 401
2020 Non-Indigenous 12 20 38 21 9 0 0 29 33 18042
2019 Indigenous 13 24 38 16 10 0 0 25 37 682
2019 First Nations 12 25 37 18 9 0 0 26 37 276
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 14 11 50 5 17 0 3 23 25 35
2019 Métis 13 25 37 15 10 0 0 25 38 353
2019 Non-Indigenous 12 20 37 21 9 0 0 30 33 15016
2018 Indigenous 15 22 36 18 8 0 0 26 38 640
2018 Non-Indigenous 12 21 39 20 8 0 0 28 33 13734
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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Not sure
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 34 50 15 1 735
2022 First Nations 34 51 13 2 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 33 50 17 0 20
2022 Métis 35 50 14 1 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 29 54 15 1 19815
2020 Indigenous 42 41 16 1 773
2020 First Nations 42 40 16 2 322
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 28 56 16 0 25
2020 Métis 42 42 15 1 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 38 43 17 2 18137

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 32 68 250
2022 First Nations 32 68 105
2022 Métis 35 65 135
2022 Non-Indigenous 35 65 5765
2020 Indigenous 34 66 324
2020 Métis 32 68 172
2020 Non-Indigenous 33 67 6838

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 40 15 11 7 8 3 16 68 18 735
2022 First Nations 40 16 10 6 8 2 18 70 18 315
2022 Inuk (Inuit) 19 23 14 13 24 4 4 45 40 20
2022 Métis 42 14 13 7 8 3 14 67 18 390
2022 Non-Indigenous 40 16 10 5 6 4 19 72 15 19805
2020 Indigenous 41 18 13 7 10 3 8 66 19 771
2020 First Nations 40 16 13 7 11 3 10 65 20 320
2020 Inuk (Inuit) 56 12 12 4 8 4 4 74 13 25
2020 Métis 41 20 14 7 9 3 6 67 18 407
2020 Non-Indigenous 39 19 14 8 7 2 11 67 17 18111
2019 Indigenous 33 17 15 11 17 2 6 54 30 675
2019 First Nations 38 14 14 8 17 3 6 57 27 273
2019 Inuk (Inuit) 30 22 17 0 19 0 13 60 21 35
2019 Métis 30 18 15 15 17 0 6 51 33 351
2019 Non-Indigenous 34 18 17 11 13 1 6 56 26 14907
2018 Indigenous 35 11 19 11 17 2 6 49 30 647
2018 Non-Indigenous 35 17 16 11 13 1 8 56 26 13868

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 10 20 11 16 36 1 5 33 55 250
2022 First Nations 13 21 11 17 34 1 4 36 53 105
2022 Métis 7 20 14 16 36 1 6 29 56 135
2022 Non-Indigenous 10 19 14 18 33 1 5 30 54 5765
2020 Indigenous 15 16 15 18 30 0 4 33 51 323
2020 Métis 15 16 18 15 31 1 4 33 48 171
2020 Non-Indigenous 11 20 17 20 27 1 5 33 49 6838

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Most positive or least negative answers
(%)		 Least positive or most negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2022 Indigenous 6 20 12 17 42 0 3 27 61 250
2022 First Nations 9 21 8 23 38 0 2 31 62 105
2022 Métis 4 17 16 14 43 0 5 23 61 135
2022 Non-Indigenous 6 15 12 19 43 1 4 23 64 5760
2020 Indigenous 11 15 10 22 40 1 2 26 64 323
2020 Métis 12 15 10 21 40 1 1 28 62 171
2020 Non-Indigenous 7 16 14 22 38 1 2 24 61 6843
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