2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Communications Security Establishment Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented according to the numerical order of questions, grouped by section theme as they appeared in the questionnaire. Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

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My Job

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	43	0	4	0	96	4	25
2022	Métis	52	41	0	7	0	93	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	40	4	7	2	87	9	1365
2020	Indigenous	35	35	4	13	13	70	26	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	48	4	11	3	82	13	1525

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	75	15	0	0	6	0	4	93	7	25
2022	Métis	67	21	0	0	12	0	0	88	12	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	74	16	3	3	1	1	2	92	5	1365
2020	Indigenous	70	9	4	4	13	0	0	78	17	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	74	14	5	3	1	1	2	91	4	1521

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	39	8	12	4	77	15	25
2022	Métis	30	49	0	14	7	79	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	31	6	8	4	82	12	1365
2020	Indigenous	35	22	17	13	13	57	26	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	39	8	12	2	78	14	1521
2019	Indigenous	22	34	6	29	8	56	38	33
2019	First Nations	21	31	10	31	6	52	37	10
2019	Métis	23	35	5	29	9	58	38	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	33	5	13	5	77	17	1627

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	39	9	4	7	0	80	11	25
2022	Métis	29	34	16	7	14	0	63	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	36	7	8	4	0	81	12	1365
2020	Indigenous	39	35	4	13	9	0	74	22	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	36	10	9	2	0	79	11	1519
2019	Indigenous	30	35	6	20	8	0	65	28	33
2019	First Nations	27	42	0	21	10	0	69	31	10
2019	Métis	32	32	9	20	8	0	64	27	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	36	9	8	4	0	78	13	1618
2018	Indigenous	29	38	12	17	3	0	67	20	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	43	8	10	3	1	78	13	1466

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	27	11	0	4	0	86	4	25
2022	Métis	44	29	20	0	7	0	74	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	62	28	4	4	2	1	91	6	1365
2020	Indigenous	65	9	13	9	4	0	74	13	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	30	7	5	2	0	86	7	1508
2019	Indigenous	41	36	10	8	5	0	77	14	33
2019	First Nations	42	37	21	0	0	0	79	0	10
2019	Métis	41	35	5	12	8	0	76	20	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	27	5	4	3	0	89	6	1614

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	24	6	8	8	0	78	16	25
2022	Métis	44	22	12	15	7	0	66	22	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	63	25	5	5	3	0	88	7	1365
2020	Indigenous	55	18	0	14	14	0	73	27	22
2020	Non-Indigenous	62	24	6	5	2	0	86	7	1522
2019	Indigenous	56	19	6	5	10	3	77	16	33
2019	First Nations	69	0	10	10	10	0	69	21	10
2019	Métis	50	27	5	3	10	5	81	14	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	63	25	5	4	3	0	89	6	1628
2018	Indigenous	43	37	6	5	10	0	79	15	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	61	27	6	4	2	0	88	6	1467

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	65	15	4	16	0	80	16	25
2022	Métis	42	28	0	30	0	70	30	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	33	7	5	2	86	7	1365
2020	Indigenous	39	30	17	9	4	70	13	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	33	8	6	3	83	9	1525
2019	Indigenous	37	27	6	19	10	64	29	33
2019	First Nations	37	21	0	31	10	58	42	10
2019	Métis	36	30	9	14	10	67	24	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	34	7	4	2	86	7	1632
2018	Indigenous	42	25	12	11	9	67	20	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	38	7	5	2	86	7	1461

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	38	12	8	4	0	76	12	25
2022	Métis	30	40	16	7	7	0	70	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	33	10	7	5	0	77	13	1365
2020	Indigenous	35	39	9	13	4	0	74	17	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	39	9	9	4	1	78	13	1524
2019	Indigenous	21	48	10	12	10	0	68	22	33
2019	First Nations	17	52	10	10	10	0	69	21	10
2019	Métis	23	46	9	12	10	0	68	23	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	37	12	9	5	0	74	14	1631
2018	Indigenous	28	30	11	30	2	0	57	31	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	37	14	10	5	0	70	15	1461

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	42	9	9	0	83	9	25
2022	Métis	36	48	0	16	0	84	16	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	42	10	9	4	78	12	1365
2020	Indigenous	30	43	9	13	4	74	17	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	43	10	10	4	76	14	1518
2019	Indigenous	27	35	10	13	16	62	28	33
2019	First Nations	27	31	0	21	21	58	42	10
2019	Métis	27	36	14	9	13	64	23	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	42	11	11	4	74	15	1621
2018	Indigenous	15	40	14	19	12	55	31	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	42	13	11	4	72	15	1465

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	65	30	4	0	0	96	0	25
2022	Métis	58	34	8	0	0	92	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	59	30	5	4	2	89	6	1365
2020	Indigenous	55	36	0	5	5	91	9	22
2020	Non-Indigenous	56	32	6	4	2	88	6	1521
2019	Indigenous	44	38	3	9	6	82	15	32
2019	First Nations	58	21	0	10	10	79	21	10
2019	Métis	38	45	5	8	5	83	12	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	32	6	4	2	88	6	1626
2018	Indigenous	41	39	10	6	3	81	10	35
2018	Non-Indigenous	57	33	5	3	2	90	5	1466

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	22	8	8	4	80	12	25
2022	Métis	37	26	15	15	7	63	22	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	34	8	7	3	81	10	1365
2020	Indigenous	43	35	4	4	13	78	17	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	36	9	7	3	80	11	1525
2019	Indigenous	30	46	3	15	5	77	20	33
2019	First Nations	37	52	0	10	0	90	10	10
2019	Métis	27	44	5	17	8	71	24	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	35	10	7	4	79	11	1629
2018	Indigenous	26	38	14	17	7	63	23	34
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	36	10	8	4	79	12	1460

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	78	6	16	0	0	84	0	25
2022	Métis	65	12	23	0	0	77	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	65	26	6	2	1	91	3	1360
2020	Indigenous	52	26	13	4	4	78	9	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	27	7	2	1	90	3	1521
2019	Indigenous	51	30	10	3	5	82	9	32
2019	First Nations	79	21	0	0	0	100	0	10
2019	Métis	38	35	14	5	8	73	13	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	63	27	7	1	1	90	3	1621
2018	Indigenous	50	28	10	10	3	78	13	35
2018	Non-Indigenous	63	27	7	2	1	90	3	1446

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	54	30	12	4	0	85	4	25
2022	Métis	30	48	15	7	0	78	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	34	6	6	2	86	8	1360
2020	Indigenous	39	35	0	9	17	74	26	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	33	8	6	3	83	9	1514
2019	Indigenous	30	38	10	14	8	68	22	33
2019	First Nations	37	42	10	10	0	79	10	10
2019	Métis	27	36	9	15	12	64	27	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	35	8	7	4	81	11	1623
2018	Indigenous	37	36	8	13	6	73	19	35
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	39	8	6	3	83	9	1463

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	31	8	0	4	88	4	25
2022	Métis	37	41	15	0	7	78	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	61	27	6	3	2	88	5	1365
2020	Indigenous	35	35	17	0	13	70	13	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	56	30	8	4	2	86	6	1520
2019	Indigenous	37	29	13	10	12	65	22	33
2019	First Nations	27	52	10	0	10	79	10	10
2019	Métis	41	18	14	15	12	59	27	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	32	8	5	3	84	8	1628
2018	Indigenous	35	30	20	7	8	65	15	34
2018	Non-Indigenous	53	32	8	5	2	85	7	1453

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	27	12	0	0	0	0	88	0	25
2022	Métis	44	33	23	0	0	0	0	77	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	30	9	5	3	1	0	83	8	1360
2020	Indigenous	35	35	13	9	4	0	4	73	14	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	38	9	6	2	0	0	82	9	1517
2019	Indigenous	35	33	13	11	9	0	0	67	19	32
2019	First Nations	27	42	10	10	10	0	0	69	21	10
2019	Métis	38	29	14	11	8	0	0	67	19	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	36	10	7	2	0	0	81	9	1606
2018	Indigenous	33	46	5	13	3	0	0	79	16	35
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	36	10	6	3	0	0	81	9	1460

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	70	18	9	4	0	88	4	25
2022	Métis	51	26	16	7	0	77	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	31	8	3	1	88	5	1365
2020	Indigenous	45	27	14	9	5	73	14	22
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	31	8	4	2	87	5	1524
2019	Indigenous	40	34	6	10	10	74	20	33
2019	First Nations	48	31	0	10	10	79	21	10
2019	Métis	36	35	9	9	10	71	20	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	31	7	3	2	88	5	1630
2018	Indigenous	43	33	10	8	6	76	15	35
2018	Non-Indigenous	55	33	7	3	2	88	5	1460

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	10	26	12	0	4	60	13	25
2022	Métis	59	0	27	7	0	7	64	8	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	32	14	5	5	0	75	11	1365
2020	Indigenous	45	18	23	9	5	0	64	14	22
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	33	15	6	5	1	74	11	1524
2019	Indigenous	48	27	3	18	4	0	75	22	33
2019	First Nations	31	31	0	31	6	0	63	37	10
2019	Métis	55	26	5	12	3	0	80	15	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	31	15	7	3	0	75	10	1629
2018	Indigenous	43	28	21	3	5	0	71	8	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	33	13	6	3	1	77	10	1468

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	14	37	12	24	0	0	36	27	25
2022	Métis	16	19	28	22	15	0	0	37	35	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	21	38	20	12	0	1	33	29	1360
2020	Indigenous	30	26	30	13	0	0	0	13	57	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	21	38	23	9	0	1	33	29	1526
2019	Indigenous	22	20	25	26	6	0	0	33	43	34
2019	First Nations	38	9	19	34	0	0	0	34	47	11
2019	Métis	15	26	27	23	9	0	0	32	41	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	22	37	24	9	1	0	33	30	1626
2018	Indigenous	15	28	32	14	11	0	0	25	43	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	23	37	23	10	1	1	33	30	1465

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	35	9	13	20	0	0	32	59	25
2022	Métis	35	36	0	14	15	0	0	29	71	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	21	34	22	12	0	2	34	31	1360
2020	Indigenous	14	18	45	9	9	5	0	19	33	22
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	18	32	26	12	1	1	38	29	1523
2019	Indigenous	18	30	25	18	9	0	0	28	48	34
2019	First Nations	34	19	19	19	9	0	0	28	53	11
2019	Métis	10	35	27	18	9	0	0	27	45	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	22	32	21	13	1	1	34	33	1626
2018	Indigenous	18	36	19	11	16	0	0	27	54	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	21	33	22	11	1	1	33	33	1456

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	4	8	8	37	43	0	0	80	12	25
2022	Métis	8	15	7	21	49	0	0	70	23	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	9	27	33	26	0	2	60	12	1360
2020	Indigenous	14	0	41	23	23	0	0	45	14	22
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	8	27	37	23	1	1	61	12	1516
2019	Indigenous	7	17	17	37	22	0	0	58	24	34
2019	First Nations	15	19	0	38	28	0	0	66	34	11
2019	Métis	3	17	26	36	18	0	0	55	20	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	3	10	27	35	24	0	1	60	13	1616
2018	Indigenous	5	22	11	41	20	0	0	61	28	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	9	29	34	23	1	1	58	13	1453

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	4	13	28	20	5	4	53	34	25
2022	Métis	20	7	7	36	23	0	7	64	28	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	21	27	17	18	1	2	36	36	1360
2020	Indigenous	17	30	26	26	0	0	0	26	48	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	19	28	23	16	1	1	40	31	1525
2019	Indigenous	16	15	33	28	6	0	2	35	32	34
2019	First Nations	24	38	19	19	0	0	0	19	62	11
2019	Métis	12	5	39	32	9	0	3	42	17	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	21	28	20	17	1	1	38	34	1625
2018	Indigenous	24	19	19	20	17	0	0	38	43	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	21	29	22	15	1	1	39	32	1459

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	9	25	11	24	5	7	41	31	25
2022	Métis	12	8	21	21	31	0	7	56	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	20	24	20	19	2	3	41	33	1360
2020	Indigenous	26	9	4	26	22	9	4	55	40	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	12	24	30	25	2	2	57	18	1519
2019	Indigenous	17	24	16	34	9	0	0	43	41	34
2019	First Nations	28	19	15	28	9	0	0	38	47	11
2019	Métis	12	26	17	36	9	0	0	46	38	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	16	26	25	20	2	2	47	26	1618
2018	Indigenous	9	18	29	26	18	0	0	44	26	35
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	14	28	29	20	2	1	50	21	1449

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	24	15	21	20	0	0	42	43	25
2022	Métis	19	37	7	22	15	0	0	37	56	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	20	35	18	13	1	1	32	33	1365
2020	Indigenous	18	23	27	14	9	0	9	25	45	22
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	17	32	26	14	1	1	41	27	1518
2019	Indigenous	20	21	28	22	9	0	0	31	42	34
2019	First Nations	19	34	9	28	9	0	0	38	53	11
2019	Métis	21	15	36	18	9	0	0	27	36	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	18	34	22	13	1	1	36	29	1627
2018	Indigenous	15	27	36	14	8	0	0	22	42	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	20	35	23	10	1	1	34	30	1464

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	0	25	28	36	0	0	65	10	25
2022	Métis	12	0	30	21	37	0	0	58	12	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	10	30	33	21	0	2	55	15	1365
2020	Indigenous	13	26	17	22	13	4	4	38	43	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	13	33	31	16	0	1	47	19	1524
2019	Indigenous	15	34	9	33	9	0	0	42	49	34
2019	First Nations	24	47	9	19	0	0	0	19	72	11
2019	Métis	10	27	9	39	14	0	0	53	38	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	18	33	25	14	0	1	39	28	1631

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My Work Unit

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	12	15	4	8	8	0	70	13	25
2022	Métis	49	15	21	8	7	0	0	64	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	28	10	6	4	6	5	78	10	1365
2020	Indigenous	43	26	9	13	4	4	0	73	18	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	30	14	6	3	5	4	74	11	1522
2019	Indigenous	28	33	18	12	6	0	2	62	19	34
2019	First Nations	43	28	19	9	0	0	0	72	9	11
2019	Métis	21	35	18	14	9	0	3	58	23	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	29	12	8	3	4	4	75	13	1629
2018	Indigenous	26	40	15	4	13	3	0	68	17	35
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	33	13	8	4	5	4	71	14	1463

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	24	4	7	4	0	85	11	25
2022	Métis	42	36	8	14	0	0	78	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	66	22	4	4	3	1	89	7	1365
2020	Indigenous	61	17	9	4	9	0	78	13	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	59	24	7	7	3	1	84	10	1522
2019	Indigenous	56	35	3	0	6	0	91	6	34
2019	First Nations	72	28	0	0	0	0	100	0	11
2019	Métis	49	38	5	0	9	0	86	9	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	59	24	7	6	3	0	84	9	1621
2018	Indigenous	39	37	10	8	6	0	76	15	35
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	27	7	8	4	0	81	12	1462

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	64	21	0	15	0	85	15	25
2022	Métis	56	23	0	21	0	79	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	70	23	3	3	1	93	4	1365
2020	Indigenous	57	26	9	4	4	83	9	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	67	24	3	3	1	92	5	1512
2019	Indigenous	60	27	3	6	3	88	9	34
2019	First Nations	81	19	0	0	0	100	0	11
2019	Métis	50	32	5	9	5	82	14	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	62	28	5	4	1	90	5	1622
2018	Indigenous	42	30	17	5	5	72	10	35
2018	Non-Indigenous	57	31	6	4	1	88	6	1459

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	24	4	11	0	0	85	11	25
2022	Métis	49	22	8	21	0	0	71	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	66	26	5	2	1	1	92	3	1365
2020	Indigenous	48	26	13	9	4	0	74	13	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	59	31	6	3	1	1	90	4	1509
2019	Indigenous	43	27	12	8	6	3	73	15	33
2019	First Nations	43	47	0	0	0	9	100	0	11
2019	Métis	43	17	17	13	10	0	60	22	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	59	30	6	3	1	1	89	4	1626
2018	Indigenous	36	42	13	3	6	0	77	9	35
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	34	8	3	1	0	88	4	1464

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	20	12	4	0	0	4	83	4	25
2022	Métis	49	28	7	8	0	0	7	84	9	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	59	22	6	3	3	4	4	87	6	1365

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	20	9	4	4	0	4	83	8	25
2022	Métis	56	22	8	7	0	0	7	84	8	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	58	22	7	4	2	5	4	87	6	1365

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My Immediate Supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	23	8	7	0	0	4	84	8	25
2022	Métis	30	42	7	14	0	0	7	78	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	71	20	5	2	1	0	1	92	3	1365
2020	Indigenous	57	35	0	0	4	4	0	95	5	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	65	21	7	3	1	1	2	89	4	1525
2019	Indigenous	42	27	20	2	6	0	3	71	8	34
2019	First Nations	53	28	9	0	0	0	9	90	0	11
2019	Métis	36	26	26	3	9	0	0	62	12	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	63	21	10	2	1	1	2	87	3	1631

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	26	9	4	4	0	84	7	25
2022	Métis	37	41	8	7	7	0	78	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	27	10	6	4	0	80	10	1365
2020	Indigenous	52	17	9	9	13	0	70	22	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	30	10	7	4	1	80	10	1525
2019	Indigenous	34	23	12	14	16	0	57	31	34
2019	First Nations	57	15	0	9	19	0	72	28	11
2019	Métis	23	27	18	17	15	0	50	32	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	30	10	7	4	0	78	11	1633
2018	Indigenous	26	38	22	5	9	0	64	14	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	34	11	8	4	1	77	12	1464

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	73	7	12	7	0	0	0	80	7	25
2022	Métis	64	7	15	14	0	0	0	71	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	68	17	7	3	3	1	1	86	7	1365
2020	Indigenous	45	32	5	5	9	5	0	81	14	22
2020	Non-Indigenous	62	21	8	4	3	2	1	85	7	1523

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	69	19	4	0	7	0	0	88	7	25
2022	Métis	64	22	0	0	14	0	0	86	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	61	24	7	4	3	0	1	86	7	1365
2020	Indigenous	45	36	9	0	9	0	0	82	9	22
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	26	7	6	2	0	0	85	8	1525
2019	Indigenous	36	34	11	11	8	0	0	69	19	34
2019	First Nations	53	28	9	9	0	0	0	81	9	11
2019	Métis	27	36	12	12	12	0	0	64	24	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	28	8	7	3	0	0	82	10	1626
2018	Indigenous	39	50	5	3	3	0	0	89	6	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	50	31	8	7	3	1	0	82	10	1464

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	78	15	0	4	4	0	93	7	25
2022	Métis	66	20	0	7	7	0	86	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	81	13	2	1	1	1	96	2	1365

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	76	17	0	8	0	92	8	25
2022	Métis	56	30	0	14	0	86	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	65	23	5	4	3	88	7	1365
2020	Indigenous	52	30	9	0	9	83	9	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	66	20	6	5	2	87	8	1528
2019	Indigenous	39	28	12	13	8	66	21	34
2019	First Nations	43	47	9	0	0	91	0	11
2019	Métis	36	18	14	20	12	55	32	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	58	25	8	6	3	83	9	1631
2018	Indigenous	46	28	11	6	9	74	15	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	26	9	6	4	81	10	1461

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	77	0	4	4	15	0	77	19	25
2022	Métis	73	0	7	0	20	0	73	20	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	83	6	2	2	2	3	93	4	1365
2019	Indigenous	67	6	9	5	12	0	73	17	34
2019	First Nations	72	0	9	0	19	0	72	19	11
2019	Métis	65	9	9	8	9	0	74	17	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	80	8	4	3	3	3	91	5	1625

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Senior Management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	17	19	4	4	5	0	72	8	25
2022	Métis	58	23	12	0	7	0	0	81	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	29	10	5	3	8	0	80	9	1365
2020	Indigenous	50	36	0	0	9	5	0	90	10	22
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	27	11	6	3	7	0	78	10	1526
2019	Indigenous	28	28	10	21	9	0	3	58	31	33
2019	First Nations	10	40	10	30	10	0	0	50	40	10
2019	Métis	36	23	10	17	9	0	5	62	27	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	29	12	9	4	6	0	74	13	1630
2018	Indigenous	16	39	13	16	9	6	0	59	27	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	33	16	8	4	6	0	71	13	1467

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	32	8	15	8	5	0	68	24	25
2022	Métis	37	29	8	19	7	0	0	66	26	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	33	14	9	5	2	0	71	15	1365
2020	Indigenous	32	45	9	5	9	0	0	77	14	22
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	32	13	8	4	2	0	74	13	1525
2019	Indigenous	25	22	15	15	18	3	3	50	34	33
2019	First Nations	20	20	0	20	30	10	0	44	56	10
2019	Métis	27	23	21	12	12	0	5	53	25	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	32	14	11	6	2	0	68	18	1626
2018	Indigenous	25	30	13	19	9	3	0	57	29	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	35	16	12	5	2	0	66	17	1464

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	31	17	19	8	5	0	54	28	25
2022	Métis	30	29	8	26	7	0	0	59	33	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	33	16	15	7	5	0	61	22	1365
2020	Indigenous	39	26	0	26	9	0	0	65	35	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	33	16	13	6	4	0	63	20	1523
2019	Indigenous	23	19	12	18	21	3	3	45	42	32
2019	First Nations	10	20	10	10	40	10	0	33	56	10
2019	Métis	29	19	13	22	13	0	5	50	37	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	33	18	15	8	4	0	57	24	1628
2018	Indigenous	19	30	27	7	14	3	0	51	22	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	32	21	17	7	5	0	53	25	1464

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	32	8	12	14	0	0	66	26	25
2022	Métis	37	22	8	14	19	0	0	59	33	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	33	15	15	10	3	0	59	25	1365
2020	Indigenous	30	35	9	9	17	0	0	65	26	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	35	13	15	8	2	0	62	24	1528
2019	Indigenous	13	28	16	18	23	0	3	42	42	33
2019	First Nations	10	20	20	20	30	0	0	30	50	10
2019	Métis	14	32	14	17	20	0	5	48	38	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	31	17	20	11	3	0	51	32	1630
2018	Indigenous	12	37	11	25	15	0	0	48	41	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	34	18	20	10	2	0	51	31	1469

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	25	27	8	4	0	0	62	11	25
2022	Métis	43	8	42	7	0	0	0	51	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	33	18	5	2	7	2	74	7	1365
2020	Indigenous	48	17	4	4	17	4	4	71	24	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	28	15	6	3	8	2	74	10	1523
2019	Indigenous	36	17	22	9	9	3	3	56	20	34
2019	First Nations	34	19	9	19	9	9	0	58	31	11
2019	Métis	36	17	29	5	9	0	5	56	14	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	26	17	7	3	9	2	69	12	1633

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My Organization (Department or Agency)

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	35	4	15	0	80	15	25
2022	Métis	30	48	8	14	0	78	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	41	8	7	3	82	10	1365
2020	Indigenous	43	26	26	0	4	70	4	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	40	7	6	2	85	8	1525
2019	Indigenous	34	41	6	17	2	75	19	33
2019	First Nations	34	38	9	19	0	72	19	11
2019	Métis	33	43	5	16	3	76	19	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	39	10	8	3	79	10	1632
2018	Indigenous	26	40	25	3	6	65	9	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	40	13	6	2	79	8	1459

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	37	15	15	9	0	62	23	25
2022	Métis	23	36	20	21	0	0	59	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	39	16	15	7	2	62	22	1365
2020	Indigenous	39	30	22	0	9	0	70	9	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	39	15	13	5	1	67	18	1525
2019	Indigenous	14	31	25	17	13	0	45	31	34
2019	First Nations	24	9	19	28	19	0	34	47	11
2019	Métis	9	41	27	12	10	0	50	23	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	36	18	17	7	1	57	24	1622

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	40	0	4	0	0	0	96	4	25
2022	Métis	57	36	0	7	0	0	0	93	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	31	9	4	2	1	1	85	6	1365
2020	Indigenous	65	26	4	0	4	0	0	91	4	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	32	8	4	2	1	1	87	5	1527
2019	Indigenous	45	34	2	14	5	0	0	79	19	34
2019	First Nations	53	19	0	19	9	0	0	72	28	11
2019	Métis	41	41	3	12	3	0	0	82	15	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	28	8	4	2	1	0	87	6	1627
2018	Indigenous	46	33	3	6	6	3	2	84	13	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	52	33	9	3	2	1	0	86	5	1462

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	36	8	0	4	0	88	4	25
2022	Métis	57	28	8	0	7	0	85	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	31	7	2	2	1	89	4	1365
2020	Indigenous	52	30	4	9	4	0	83	13	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	56	31	9	2	1	1	87	4	1524
2019	Indigenous	54	22	19	2	3	0	76	5	34
2019	First Nations	62	19	19	0	0	0	81	0	11
2019	Métis	50	23	20	3	5	0	73	8	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	29	10	4	2	0	84	5	1629
2018	Indigenous	38	33	8	8	12	0	72	20	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	50	33	12	4	2	0	83	5	1460

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	28	17	4	4	4	0	75	7	25
2022	Métis	42	28	23	0	7	0	0	70	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	27	13	9	7	8	2	67	18	1365
2020	Indigenous	35	35	9	4	9	4	4	76	14	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	25	15	10	6	9	2	66	17	1518
2019	Indigenous	31	24	5	22	9	9	0	60	35	34
2019	First Nations	28	28	0	34	9	0	0	57	43	11
2019	Métis	32	21	8	17	9	14	0	61	30	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	24	15	12	9	8	2	60	23	1630
2018	Indigenous	13	27	19	20	17	3	0	41	39	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	26	16	13	9	8	1	58	24	1464

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	31	8	4	7	0	81	11	25
2022	Métis	30	49	0	7	14	0	79	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	36	10	11	5	1	74	15	1365
2020	Indigenous	39	30	0	13	13	4	73	27	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	35	12	8	5	1	75	14	1519
2019	Indigenous	39	18	15	14	13	0	57	27	34
2019	First Nations	34	9	19	28	9	0	43	38	11
2019	Métis	41	23	14	8	15	0	64	23	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	34	12	12	6	1	70	18	1626
2018	Indigenous	25	26	20	13	15	0	51	28	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	35	14	11	7	1	68	18	1457

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	12	12	14	7	0	4	65	23	25
2022	Métis	45	8	14	12	14	0	7	57	28	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	23	9	4	3	1	3	83	8	1365
2020	Indigenous	70	22	4	0	4	0	0	91	4	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	60	23	9	3	3	0	2	85	6	1528
2019	Indigenous	60	18	7	6	5	0	3	81	11	34
2019	First Nations	47	19	9	9	15	0	0	66	24	11
2019	Métis	67	18	6	5	0	0	5	89	5	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	63	21	9	2	1	0	3	87	4	1631

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	68	16	4	8	4	0	0	84	12	25
2022	Métis	56	14	8	14	7	0	0	70	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	61	20	9	3	2	1	3	85	5	1365
2020	Indigenous	57	13	22	4	4	0	0	70	9	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	21	9	3	2	0	2	86	5	1526
2019	Indigenous	51	16	14	3	9	0	6	72	13	34
2019	First Nations	43	28	19	0	9	0	0	72	9	11
2019	Métis	55	10	12	5	9	0	9	72	15	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	22	10	3	2	1	3	85	5	1626

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	81	4	8	0	4	0	4	88	4	25
2022	Métis	71	0	14	0	7	0	7	77	8	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	79	6	3	2	2	4	5	93	3	1365
2020	Indigenous	61	9	4	0	17	9	0	76	19	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	83	6	4	1	1	2	3	94	2	1522
2019	Indigenous	61	12	9	3	3	3	8	83	7	34
2019	First Nations	43	28	9	9	0	9	0	79	10	11
2019	Métis	70	5	9	0	5	0	12	84	5	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	83	6	4	1	1	2	3	94	2	1622

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	69	15	12	0	0	0	4	88	0	25
2022	Métis	64	7	22	0	0	0	7	76	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	80	5	2	1	1	1	9	96	2	1365
2020	Indigenous	61	9	13	0	4	0	13	80	5	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	83	7	2	1	1	1	5	96	2	1524
2019	Indigenous	73	3	9	0	3	0	11	86	3	34
2019	First Nations	81	0	9	0	9	0	0	81	9	11
2019	Métis	70	5	9	0	0	0	17	89	0	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	84	5	2	0	1	1	8	97	1	1624

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	28	9	11	4	0	0	77	15	25
2022	Métis	42	36	8	7	7	0	0	79	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	32	7	10	9	1	2	73	19	1365
2020	Indigenous	43	22	0	9	22	4	0	68	32	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	32	13	10	7	1	2	69	18	1525
2019	Indigenous	22	18	18	16	22	3	0	41	40	34
2019	First Nations	19	9	38	15	9	9	0	31	27	11
2019	Métis	23	23	9	17	29	0	0	46	45	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	31	12	10	9	1	2	68	20	1627
2018	Indigenous	19	25	20	11	21	3	0	46	33	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	28	12	14	10	1	2	63	25	1459

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	19	16	0	7	0	77	7	25
2022	Métis	49	7	30	0	14	0	56	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	39	9	4	2	2	85	6	1365
2020	Indigenous	43	17	17	13	0	9	67	14	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	42	9	5	2	2	84	7	1524
2019	Indigenous	29	25	19	11	6	9	60	19	34
2019	First Nations	34	19	9	19	9	9	58	31	11
2019	Métis	27	27	24	8	5	9	60	13	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	44	11	5	2	1	81	7	1632
2018	Indigenous	17	51	12	10	7	3	71	17	34
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	39	15	5	3	1	77	8	1463

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	29	8	4	4	0	85	7	25
2022	Métis	63	16	7	7	7	0	79	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	33	5	2	2	1	90	4	1365
2020	Indigenous	52	22	13	4	9	0	74	13	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	32	6	4	2	1	88	5	1514
2019	Indigenous	54	14	24	5	3	0	68	8	34
2019	First Nations	53	19	19	9	0	0	72	9	11
2019	Métis	55	12	26	3	5	0	67	8	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	32	8	3	2	0	87	5	1623
2018	Indigenous	36	31	18	5	10	0	67	15	35
2018	Non-Indigenous	59	29	8	2	1	1	89	3	1462

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	24	4	8	4	4	0	85	12	25
2022	Métis	44	35	0	7	7	7	0	85	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	34	7	3	1	3	0	88	5	1365
2020	Indigenous	52	22	4	9	13	0	0	74	22	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	57	28	8	3	1	3	1	87	4	1521
2019	Indigenous	48	20	18	8	3	2	0	70	11	34
2019	First Nations	53	19	19	9	0	0	0	72	9	11
2019	Métis	46	21	18	8	5	3	0	69	12	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	65	25	6	2	1	2	0	91	3	1624
2018	Indigenous	36	28	17	3	9	3	3	68	13	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	61	25	8	2	1	2	0	89	3	1461

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	31	7	0	4	12	0	87	4	25
2022	Métis	30	49	0	0	7	14	0	92	8	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	28	15	3	1	9	1	79	4	1365
2020	Indigenous	52	17	9	13	4	4	0	73	18	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	26	13	4	1	8	1	79	6	1527

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	39	0	4	0	0	0	96	4	25
2022	Métis	44	49	0	7	0	0	0	93	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	28	5	3	2	4	2	89	6	1365
2020	Indigenous	52	26	4	13	4	0	0	78	17	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	59	24	6	4	2	3	2	88	6	1522

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	8	4	4	61	0	15	76	19	25
2022	Métis	8	7	8	7	49	0	21	71	18	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	3	9	5	52	4	24	79	9	1360

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	20	12	4	4	48	0	62	14	25
2022	Métis	8	14	23	7	0	49	0	43	13	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	15	17	3	3	40	4	58	12	1365

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	32	6	0	4	90	4	25
2022	Métis	44	37	12	0	7	81	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	67	25	4	3	1	92	4	1365
2020	Indigenous	61	30	0	4	4	91	9	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	68	24	4	2	1	92	4	1524
2019	Indigenous	54	24	9	10	3	78	13	34
2019	First Nations	43	38	9	9	0	81	9	11
2019	Métis	59	17	9	10	5	76	15	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	65	25	6	2	2	90	4	1626
2018	Indigenous	44	33	13	6	3	78	9	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	65	25	6	2	1	91	3	1457

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	59	33	0	4	4	92	8	25
2022	Métis	70	23	0	0	7	93	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	63	25	6	3	2	89	5	1365
2020	Indigenous	61	26	4	0	9	87	9	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	66	23	7	3	1	89	5	1519
2019	Indigenous	54	22	9	8	7	76	15	34
2019	First Nations	53	28	9	9	0	81	9	11
2019	Métis	55	18	9	8	10	73	18	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	65	22	7	4	2	87	7	1624
2018	Indigenous	48	24	16	3	9	72	12	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	63	23	9	3	1	87	4	1465

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	47	0	0	4	96	4	25
2022	Métis	44	49	0	0	7	93	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	29	7	5	2	86	7	1365
2020	Indigenous	57	19	10	10	5	76	14	21
2020	Non-Indigenous	61	27	6	4	2	88	6	1512
2019	Indigenous	53	29	6	2	10	81	12	33
2019	First Nations	48	42	0	0	10	90	10	10
2019	Métis	55	23	9	3	10	77	13	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	60	26	7	5	2	86	7	1627
2018	Indigenous	42	27	16	6	9	69	15	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	59	28	8	4	1	86	6	1463

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	25	8	4	0	0	6	88	4	25
2022	Métis	58	23	0	7	0	0	12	93	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	21	9	7	3	2	0	80	10	1365
2020	Indigenous	57	22	9	0	13	0	0	78	13	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	61	21	9	5	3	2	0	83	8	1525
2019	Indigenous	52	22	3	8	12	3	0	76	21	34
2019	First Nations	47	19	0	15	9	9	0	73	27	11
2019	Métis	55	23	5	5	13	0	0	77	18	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	59	21	10	6	3	1	0	81	9	1630
2018	Indigenous	27	33	20	6	9	4	0	63	16	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	59	21	11	6	3	1	0	80	9	1468

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Mobility and Retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	41	28	25
2022	Métis	44	44	12	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	38	26	1365
2020	Indigenous	39	35	26	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	44	31	1527
2019	Indigenous	42	31	28	34
2019	First Nations	43	28	28	11
2019	Métis	41	32	27	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	43	32	1634
2018	Indigenous	31	28	40	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	45	29	1470

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes, to retire (%)	Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Yes, other reason Specify other reason (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	62	10	7	3	6	490
2019	Indigenous	7	49	31	12	0	0	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	61	8	4	9	6	405
2018	Indigenous	15	39	20	20	0	6	11
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	56	14	5	6	5	379

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Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Métis	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1365
2019	Indigenous	18	82	33
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1631

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	55	105

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	47	105

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	105

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	105

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	105

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	105

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	105

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	77	105

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	72	105

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	59	105

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	68	105

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	105

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	52	105

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	79	105

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	105

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	105

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	105

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	52	105

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	105

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	105

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	58	42	105

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	105

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	105

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	105

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	105

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	105

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	105

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	105

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	105

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	95

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	66	95

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	95

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	95

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	95

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	95

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	95

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	95

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	95

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	95

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	95

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	68	95

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	95

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	54	95

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	95

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	95

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	12	4	7	6	37	8	68	25	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	17	10	7	5	35	8	63	20	1365
2020	Indigenous	35	17	13	0	9	22	4	71	12	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	15	13	6	4	32	8	63	15	1526
2019	Indigenous	28	17	11	17	6	17	3	56	30	34
2019	First Nations	28	34	9	19	0	9	0	69	21	11
2019	Métis	27	9	12	17	9	21	5	49	35	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	16	15	7	5	27	8	60	17	1633
2018	Indigenous	18	14	30	12	6	19	0	39	23	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	18	18	6	5	26	6	58	16	1465

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	35	7	0	4	0	0	89	4	25
2022	Métis	44	49	0	0	7	0	0	93	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	32	9	5	2	9	1	83	8	1365
2020	Indigenous	52	17	17	4	4	4	0	73	9	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	30	12	4	3	9	1	80	7	1526
2019	Indigenous	49	28	3	11	3	5	0	82	15	34
2019	First Nations	57	34	0	9	0	0	0	91	9	11
2019	Métis	46	26	5	12	5	8	0	77	18	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	28	13	4	3	6	1	78	8	1628
2018	Indigenous	28	34	18	9	6	5	0	65	16	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	30	15	6	2	6	1	75	9	1464

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Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1365
2019	Indigenous	24	76	33
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	1632

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	62	75

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	74	26	75

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	75

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	75

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	75

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	75

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	75

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	81	75

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	75

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	75

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	75

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	64	75

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	71	75

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	75

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	75

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	75

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	75

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	75

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	75

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	75

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	75

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	65	75

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	75

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	75

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	75

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	75

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	75

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	75

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	75

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	46	75

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	70

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	77	70

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	70

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	70

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	70

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	70

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	70

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	70

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	70

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	70

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	70

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	62	70

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	70

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	61	39	70

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	70

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	70

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	23	5	0	12	32	4	74	19	25
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	18	11	3	3	39	6	70	10	1365
2020	Indigenous	36	5	14	0	14	23	9	60	20	22
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	15	14	3	1	35	6	68	8	1523
2019	Indigenous	31	14	20	3	11	17	3	56	18	34
2019	First Nations	28	24	19	0	19	9	0	58	21	11
2019	Métis	32	9	21	5	8	21	5	55	16	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	14	17	4	2	31	8	64	9	1630
2018	Indigenous	19	24	27	0	6	24	0	56	8	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	16	19	3	2	31	6	61	9	1461

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	39	7	0	8	0	0	85	8	25
2022	Métis	37	56	0	0	7	0	0	93	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	32	9	3	2	9	1	85	5	1365
2020	Indigenous	48	17	9	0	13	9	4	75	15	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	29	12	3	2	9	1	82	5	1525
2019	Indigenous	46	20	16	3	9	5	0	70	13	34
2019	First Nations	38	24	9	0	19	9	0	69	21	11
2019	Métis	50	18	20	5	5	3	0	70	9	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	25	12	4	1	8	1	82	5	1629
2018	Indigenous	33	27	25	0	10	5	0	64	10	35
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	29	14	3	2	8	1	79	6	1466

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	0	22	16	27	35	0	0	66	15

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Stress and Well-Being

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	37	7	8	23	0	62	31	25
2022	Métis	22	44	0	7	26	0	66	34	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	29	15	7	8	1	70	15	1360
2020	Indigenous	39	17	17	9	17	0	57	26	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	27	14	8	6	0	72	14	1525
2019	Indigenous	13	19	19	25	25	0	31	50	33
2019	First Nations	9	19	19	19	34	0	28	53	11
2019	Métis	14	19	19	28	20	0	33	48	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	29	19	10	11	1	59	21	1630
2018	Indigenous	36	22	10	16	15	0	59	32	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	31	17	8	6	1	69	14	1464

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	33	23	11	4	0	62	15	25
2022	Métis	44	22	14	12	8	0	67	20	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	32	23	11	9	1	57	20	1360
2020	Indigenous	43	22	13	13	9	0	65	22	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	29	23	12	8	0	57	20	1523
2019	Indigenous	31	38	3	23	5	0	69	28	33
2019	First Nations	38	19	9	28	6	0	57	34	11
2019	Métis	28	47	0	20	5	0	75	25	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	33	21	12	6	0	61	18	1628
2018	Indigenous	33	33	14	9	10	0	67	19	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	33	26	11	6	0	56	17	1465

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	31	7	4	4	0	0	84	9	25
2022	Métis	51	26	7	8	8	0	0	77	16	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	34	15	7	4	0	1	74	11	1360
2020	Indigenous	57	22	9	9	4	0	0	78	13	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	29	16	7	4	0	1	73	11	1517
2019	Indigenous	47	22	14	11	3	2	0	70	15	33
2019	First Nations	57	9	15	19	0	0	0	66	19	11
2019	Métis	42	28	14	8	5	3	0	73	13	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	30	17	6	3	0	1	74	9	1618
2018	Indigenous	45	17	20	6	11	0	0	62	18	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	32	18	7	3	0	1	71	11	1457

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	13	16	12	27	0	45	40	25
2022	Métis	51	7	7	15	20	0	58	35	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	22	23	17	17	1	42	35	1360
2020	Indigenous	39	17	13	17	13	0	57	30	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	25	23	14	11	1	51	25	1516
2019	Indigenous	19	28	16	11	26	0	47	37	33
2019	First Nations	0	19	19	9	53	0	19	62	11
2019	Métis	28	33	14	12	12	0	61	25	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	26	24	16	11	1	48	28	1623
2018	Indigenous	25	20	32	12	10	0	46	22	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	28	27	15	9	0	49	24	1456

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	73	15	12	0	0	0	88	0	25
2022	Métis	66	19	15	0	0	0	85	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	58	22	9	4	3	4	84	7	1360
2020	Indigenous	74	9	13	0	4	0	83	4	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	57	22	11	5	3	2	81	8	1515
2019	Indigenous	71	10	3	12	2	2	83	14	32
2019	First Nations	66	9	9	9	6	0	76	15	11
2019	Métis	74	10	0	13	0	3	87	13	21
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	23	8	3	2	3	87	5	1624
2018	Indigenous	59	29	3	7	2	0	89	8	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	59	23	10	4	1	3	85	5	1462

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	12	13	18	8	0	61	26	25
2022	Métis	44	14	16	19	7	0	58	26	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	29	15	7	7	1	71	14	1360
2020	Indigenous	36	27	14	9	14	0	64	23	22
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	27	19	10	6	0	65	16	1524
2019	Indigenous	42	34	9	5	10	0	76	15	34
2019	First Nations	47	19	19	0	15	0	66	15	11
2019	Métis	39	41	5	8	8	0	80	15	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	29	14	7	4	0	76	11	1625
2018	Indigenous	41	27	17	6	8	0	68	15	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	30	16	7	4	0	73	10	1460

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	22	13	12	0	0	0	76	12	25
2022	Métis	51	19	15	15	0	0	0	70	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	33	15	5	5	0	1	75	10	1360
2020	Indigenous	35	39	9	4	13	0	0	74	17	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	33	17	8	4	0	0	72	11	1522
2019	Indigenous	12	54	17	9	7	0	0	67	16	34
2019	First Nations	9	57	15	9	9	0	0	66	19	11
2019	Métis	14	53	18	9	6	0	0	67	15	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	34	17	6	4	0	0	73	10	1629
2018	Indigenous	35	35	18	3	6	3	0	72	10	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	36	20	8	3	1	0	69	11	1465

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	23	8	11	13	0	68	24	25
2022	Métis	37	28	7	20	8	0	65	28	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	37	21	11	6	1	62	17	1360
2020	Indigenous	30	35	17	4	13	0	65	17	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	33	20	11	4	0	65	15	1524
2019	Indigenous	34	15	24	11	16	0	49	27	34
2019	First Nations	0	28	38	6	28	0	28	34	11
2019	Métis	50	9	17	14	10	0	59	24	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	37	22	10	4	0	64	14	1629
2018	Indigenous	32	20	34	3	11	0	51	15	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	37	22	11	4	0	63	16	1462

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	27	14	4	4	0	0	77	9	25
2022	Métis	37	35	12	8	8	0	0	72	16	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	32	18	9	7	0	1	66	16	1360
2020	Indigenous	30	39	13	4	13	0	0	70	17	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	31	18	10	5	0	0	66	15	1523
2019	Indigenous	36	28	14	6	16	0	0	63	22	34
2019	First Nations	34	38	0	0	28	0	0	72	28	11
2019	Métis	36	23	21	9	10	0	0	59	20	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	32	20	10	5	0	0	64	16	1629
2018	Indigenous	20	36	23	14	3	3	0	58	18	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	33	22	11	4	0	0	63	15	1461

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	38	17	0	0	0	83	0	25
2022	Métis	44	33	23	0	0	0	77	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	25	11	6	4	1	78	11	1355
2020	Indigenous	48	22	13	9	9	0	70	17	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	26	12	6	4	0	78	10	1517
2019	Indigenous	36	37	5	12	10	0	73	22	34
2019	First Nations	24	57	0	19	0	0	81	19	11
2019	Métis	41	27	8	9	15	0	68	24	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	26	11	7	4	0	77	12	1627

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	34	4	4	0	0	92	4	25
2022	Métis	43	42	8	7	0	0	85	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	28	10	4	3	1	82	8	1365
2020	Indigenous	39	26	9	4	22	0	65	26	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	33	22	11	6	0	61	17	1526

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	16	20	14	9	0	0	57	23	25
2022	Métis	44	7	14	27	8	0	0	51	35	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	31	19	7	5	0	1	69	12	1360
2020	Indigenous	26	39	13	13	9	0	0	65	22	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	34	18	9	3	0	0	70	12	1524
2019	Indigenous	42	22	13	13	7	3	0	66	21	33
2019	First Nations	53	19	0	9	9	9	0	79	21	11
2019	Métis	37	24	19	14	6	0	0	60	21	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	34	17	8	2	0	1	73	10	1621
2018	Indigenous	36	34	15	8	3	3	0	73	11	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	35	21	9	3	0	0	67	12	1454

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	13	24	6	12	0	58	18	25
2022	Métis	44	0	30	12	14	0	44	26	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	59	22	9	4	4	2	83	8	1355
2020	Indigenous	43	30	17	0	9	0	74	9	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	27	14	5	3	1	78	9	1513
2019	Indigenous	43	11	22	14	9	0	54	24	33
2019	First Nations	47	9	28	15	0	0	57	15	11
2019	Métis	41	12	19	14	14	0	53	28	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	59	21	10	6	4	1	80	10	1621
2018	Indigenous	53	26	6	6	8	0	79	15	35
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	20	11	7	4	1	77	12	1455

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	36	8	4	6	0	0	82	11	25
2022	Métis	29	52	7	0	12	0	0	81	12	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	31	11	4	2	0	1	83	5	1360
2020	Indigenous	13	22	13	26	22	4	0	36	50	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	34	18	8	4	0	0	70	12	1511

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	84	12	4	0	0	0	96	0	25
2022	Métis	79	14	7	0	0	0	93	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	80	8	2	1	2	7	95	2	1355
2020	Indigenous	74	17	4	4	0	0	91	4	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	78	12	4	1	1	4	93	3	1516
2019	Indigenous	76	8	3	6	3	3	87	10	33
2019	First Nations	91	0	0	0	9	0	91	9	11
2019	Métis	69	12	5	9	0	5	85	10	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	80	9	3	1	1	6	94	3	1622
2018	Indigenous	67	20	0	0	6	6	93	7	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	77	10	5	2	1	3	91	4	1460

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	79	13	4	0	5	0	0	92	5	25
2022	Métis	77	16	8	0	0	0	0	92	0	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	80	8	4	1	2	1	4	93	3	1360
2020	Indigenous	74	4	4	0	13	0	4	82	14	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	84	7	3	1	2	0	2	94	3	1518
2019	Indigenous	73	8	3	9	6	0	0	81	16	33
2019	First Nations	81	9	0	0	9	0	0	91	9	11
2019	Métis	69	8	5	14	5	0	0	77	19	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	79	10	5	2	1	0	2	91	3	1629
2018	Indigenous	80	11	0	3	3	0	3	94	6	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	78	12	4	2	2	0	2	92	4	1458

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	73	19	8	0	0	0	92	0	25
2022	Métis	63	22	15	0	0	0	85	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	72	19	4	2	1	2	93	3	1360
2020	Indigenous	61	22	4	4	4	4	86	9	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	75	17	5	1	1	1	92	2	1516
2019	Indigenous	63	19	6	9	2	0	82	11	33
2019	First Nations	62	38	0	0	0	0	100	0	11
2019	Métis	64	9	9	14	3	0	73	17	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	66	24	6	2	1	1	91	3	1630
2018	Indigenous	47	41	5	0	6	0	89	6	35
2018	Non-Indigenous	63	26	8	2	1	0	89	3	1467

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	72	16	4	8	0	0	88	8	25
2022	Métis	63	22	0	15	0	0	85	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	14	5	3	3	2	89	6	1360
2020	Indigenous	52	30	0	9	4	4	86	14	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	73	13	7	3	2	1	88	5	1517
2019	Indigenous	42	19	16	21	2	0	61	23	33
2019	First Nations	34	28	19	19	0	0	62	19	11
2019	Métis	46	14	14	22	3	0	60	25	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	67	17	9	4	2	1	85	7	1623
2018	Indigenous	64	19	3	6	8	0	83	14	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	62	21	9	4	3	1	84	8	1467

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	67	0	4	0	0	29	94	0	25
2022	Métis	64	0	8	0	0	28	89	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	68	11	3	1	1	17	94	2	1355
2020	Indigenous	65	4	4	0	0	26	94	0	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	69	10	3	1	1	16	94	2	1520
2019	Indigenous	64	13	0	3	0	19	96	4	31
2019	First Nations	48	21	0	0	0	31	100	0	10
2019	Métis	72	10	0	5	0	13	94	6	21
2019	Non-Indigenous	65	10	4	1	0	19	94	1	1612
2018	Indigenous	50	16	7	2	0	25	89	2	35
2018	Non-Indigenous	59	11	4	1	0	24	93	2	1452

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	84	11	0	0	0	5	100	0	25
2022	Métis	80	20	0	0	0	0	100	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	80	11	3	1	1	4	95	2	1355
2020	Indigenous	70	17	9	0	0	4	91	0	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	80	12	4	1	0	4	95	1	1521
2019	Indigenous	67	19	3	5	0	6	91	6	33
2019	First Nations	62	28	9	0	0	0	91	0	11
2019	Métis	69	14	0	8	0	9	91	9	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	78	12	4	1	0	5	95	2	1622
2018	Indigenous	83	11	3	0	0	3	97	0	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	76	14	3	0	0	5	96	1	1464

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	78	12	4	6	0	0	90	6	25
2022	Métis	74	7	7	12	0	0	81	12	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	87	6	2	1	1	2	96	2	1365
2020	Indigenous	74	13	4	4	0	4	91	5	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	85	9	3	1	1	1	96	2	1523
2019	Indigenous	85	6	0	3	3	2	94	6	33
2019	First Nations	81	19	0	0	0	0	100	0	11
2019	Métis	88	0	0	5	5	3	90	10	22
2019	Non-Indigenous	86	7	3	1	1	1	95	2	1625
2018	Indigenous	85	9	0	3	3	0	94	6	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	86	7	2	1	1	2	95	2	1469

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	16	25	0	0	0	75	0	25
2022	Métis	60	7	33	0	0	0	67	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	61	23	8	3	2	2	86	5	1365
2020	Indigenous	48	22	13	13	4	0	70	17	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	57	24	12	4	2	1	81	6	1523
2019	Indigenous	50	37	6	2	5	0	87	7	34
2019	First Nations	53	47	0	0	0	0	100	0	11
2019	Métis	49	32	9	3	8	0	80	10	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	64	25	7	2	1	1	90	3	1628
2018	Indigenous	61	25	12	2	0	0	86	2	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	61	25	9	3	1	1	87	4	1466

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	40	36	6	0	58	6	25
2022	Métis	16	43	29	12	0	59	12	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	40	34	10	3	53	13	1365
2020	Indigenous	17	22	39	17	4	39	22	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	36	32	11	3	54	14	1524
2019	Indigenous	12	31	31	19	6	43	25	34
2019	First Nations	0	38	34	19	9	38	28	11
2019	Métis	18	27	30	20	5	46	24	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	38	30	8	1	61	9	1633
2018	Indigenous	16	45	19	11	9	61	20	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	39	29	8	2	61	10	1466

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	22	32	20	27	46	22	25
2022	Métis	0	26	29	14	31	45	26	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	17	38	24	14	38	24	1360
2020	Indigenous	17	30	22	17	13	30	48	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	17	35	26	13	39	26	1523
2019	Indigenous	15	27	31	18	9	28	42	34
2019	First Nations	6	47	28	19	0	19	53	11
2019	Métis	20	17	32	18	14	32	36	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	15	36	27	16	44	21	1628
2018	Indigenous	5	25	44	10	16	26	30	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	14	37	29	15	44	19	1461

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	27	13	10	8	0	69	18	25
2022	Métis	23	35	16	19	7	0	58	26	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	40	9	6	2	2	83	8	1365
2020	Indigenous	65	22	4	4	4	0	87	9	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	34	8	3	1	2	87	5	1522
2019	Indigenous	36	36	17	5	6	0	71	11	34
2019	First Nations	24	47	19	0	9	0	72	9	11
2019	Métis	41	30	17	8	5	0	71	12	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	37	12	5	2	2	81	7	1630
2018	Indigenous	31	43	11	3	6	5	78	10	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	38	12	4	1	3	83	5	1464

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	21	48	14	0	25
2022	Métis	7	30	37	26	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	34	32	15	3	1365

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	68	20	8	4	0	0	88	4	25
2022	Métis	49	37	7	7	0	0	86	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	70	19	5	2	1	2	91	4	1365
2020	Indigenous	52	26	13	4	4	0	78	9	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	21	8	3	2	3	87	4	1521

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	64	12	8	12	4	0	76	16	25
2022	Métis	49	15	15	14	7	0	64	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	58	23	7	7	4	1	82	11	1365
2020	Indigenous	48	26	4	9	13	0	74	22	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	27	8	9	5	1	78	13	1521

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	68	16	0	12	4	0	84	16	25
2022	Métis	56	23	0	14	7	0	79	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	71	20	4	2	2	1	92	5	1365
2020	Indigenous	57	26	4	4	9	0	83	13	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	65	22	6	4	2	1	88	6	1518

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	24	8	14	4	0	74	18	25
2022	Métis	37	37	0	19	7	0	74	26	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	41	9	7	3	1	81	10	1365
2020	Indigenous	35	26	30	0	9	0	61	9	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	32	12	6	3	1	79	9	1525
2019	Indigenous	28	36	17	10	9	0	63	19	34
2019	First Nations	28	43	9	0	19	0	72	19	11
2019	Métis	27	32	21	15	5	0	59	20	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	37	12	8	3	1	77	11	1629
2018	Indigenous	14	48	21	8	9	0	62	17	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	37	14	7	3	2	76	10	1468

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	51	9	11	2	1	0	78	13	380

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Duty to Accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	80	25
2022	Métis	21	79	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1365
2020	Indigenous	22	78	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1524
2019	Indigenous	21	79	34
2019	First Nations	24	76	11
2019	Métis	20	80	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1631

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	45	180

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	83	17	180

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	35	3	6	5	1	1	85	11	150

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	65	19	0	8	8	0	0	84	16	25
2022	Métis	44	35	0	14	7	0	0	79	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	64	25	4	2	1	2	3	93	3	1365
2020	Indigenous	52	30	13	0	4	0	0	83	4	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	23	6	2	1	2	2	90	4	1527

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Compensation

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	62	4	4	25
2022	Métis	26	58	7	8	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	60	22	2	1365
2020	Indigenous	35	43	22	0	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	47	22	1	1528

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	43	230

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	28	10	19	17	4	4	50	39	230

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	16	8	9	17	7	34	43	43	230

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	9	20	4	14	0	8	58	20	25
2022	Métis	44	8	14	0	19	0	15	61	22	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	13	6	3	4	3	16	84	8	1365
2020	Indigenous	43	13	4	13	22	0	4	59	36	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	57	16	8	4	4	2	9	83	9	1525
2019	Indigenous	34	22	6	12	23	0	3	57	37	34
2019	First Nations	28	19	0	9	43	0	0	47	53	11
2019	Métis	36	23	9	14	13	0	5	62	28	23
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	16	9	6	7	1	8	76	14	1625
2018	Indigenous	48	13	8	6	11	0	14	71	20	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	60	14	7	6	4	1	9	81	11	1465

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Hybrid Work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?
Survey year	Demographic	20% (1 out of 5 days) (%)	40% (2 out of 5 days) (%)	60% (3 out of 5 days) (%)	80% (4 out of 5 days) (%)	Other Please specify (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	41	25	23	0	15
2022	Métis	18	47	20	15	0	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	31	26	24	5	805

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	92	8	25
2022	Métis	85	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	86	14	1265

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	62	25
2022	Métis	56	44	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	48	1260

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	52	25
2022	Métis	56	44	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	59	41	1260

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	53	25
2022	Métis	64	36	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	64	36	1260

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	54	25
2022	Métis	57	43	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	55	1260

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	53	25
2022	Métis	56	44	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	51	1260

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	74	25
2022	Métis	41	59	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	74	1260

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	73	25
2022	Métis	41	59	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	66	1260

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	85	25
2022	Métis	28	72	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	77	1260

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	45	25
2022	Métis	57	43	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	72	28	1260

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	85	25
2022	Métis	21	79	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	1260

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	25
2022	Métis	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1260

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	76	25
2022	Métis	14	86	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1260

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	71	16	0	0	0	13	100	0	25
2022	Métis	78	22	0	0	0	0	100	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	72	12	5	1	2	8	91	3	1265

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	12	7	4	46	4	8	56	36	25
2022	Métis	12	23	7	0	44	7	7	51	41	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	20	13	14	29	3	10	48	36	1265

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	16	4	8	53	4	0	64	32	25
2022	Métis	12	29	7	15	37	0	0	52	41	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	27	16	12	24	4	3	39	44	1265

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Communications Security Establishment Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources