2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Canada Energy Regulator by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented according to the numerical order of questions, grouped by section theme as they appeared in the questionnaire. Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

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My Job

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	51	8	13	7	71	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	40	2	6	3	90	8	330
2020	Indigenous	39	41	14	7	0	80	7	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	47	3	7	2	88	9	366

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	38	0	0	0	0	7	100	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	77	15	2	3	2	1	2	94	4	330
2020	Indigenous	66	27	7	0	0	0	0	93	0	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	80	12	2	2	2	1	0	93	5	365

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	30	6	8	0	15	83	9	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	30	6	5	3	3	86	8	330
2020	Indigenous	39	27	20	7	0	7	71	7	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	42	7	7	2	0	84	9	366
2019	Indigenous	20	53	7	20	0	0	73	20	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	31	8	13	5	0	73	18	342

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	35	26	16	7	0	50	24	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	41	11	13	4	0	73	16	330
2020	Indigenous	25	34	20	20	0	0	59	20	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	38	11	11	3	1	75	13	362
2019	Indigenous	20	27	27	14	12	0	47	26	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	41	12	12	4	0	71	17	340
2018	Indigenous	15	37	19	15	15	0	51	29	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	49	12	12	3	0	72	16	271

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	34	30	7	0	0	7	61	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	37	5	5	1	0	0	88	7	330
2020	Indigenous	32	54	14	0	0	0	0	86	0	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	37	7	5	2	1	0	86	7	364
2019	Indigenous	47	27	7	14	5	0	0	74	19	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	35	6	4	1	0	0	88	6	339

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	44	14	14	0	72	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	35	8	6	4	82	10	330
2020	Indigenous	34	32	14	20	0	66	20	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	31	9	8	3	80	11	364
2019	Indigenous	34	27	20	14	5	61	19	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	30	8	11	4	78	15	341
2018	Indigenous	22	44	19	15	0	66	15	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	36	9	7	4	81	11	272

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	36	0	8	14	78	22	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	39	10	9	5	77	14	330
2020	Indigenous	25	41	20	7	7	66	14	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	36	9	8	4	79	12	364
2019	Indigenous	20	27	27	20	5	47	26	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	42	11	11	6	73	17	340
2018	Indigenous	22	51	7	7	12	73	19	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	39	14	17	4	65	21	271

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	28	7	22	7	0	63	30	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	36	13	12	7	0	68	19	330
2020	Indigenous	20	39	7	14	14	7	64	29	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	38	12	9	7	1	71	16	366
2019	Indigenous	15	36	7	15	27	0	51	42	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	43	11	16	8	0	65	24	342
2018	Indigenous	22	29	22	7	19	0	51	27	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	36	14	16	11	0	58	27	271

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	42	0	29	7	64	36	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	44	9	14	3	75	16	330
2020	Indigenous	32	14	14	34	7	46	41	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	43	10	13	5	73	18	364
2019	Indigenous	15	36	15	15	20	51	35	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	43	12	18	6	65	23	343
2018	Indigenous	12	44	7	0	37	56	37	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	42	13	14	9	64	23	272

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	22	30	0	0	70	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	38	8	5	2	85	7	330
2020	Indigenous	32	14	20	34	0	46	34	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	33	9	6	3	82	9	366
2019	Indigenous	36	44	0	7	13	80	20	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	39	11	9	4	76	14	340
2018	Indigenous	34	22	7	22	15	56	37	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	45	10	8	2	80	10	272

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	21	16	20	14	49	34	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	39	9	13	6	72	19	330
2020	Indigenous	25	27	20	20	7	52	27	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	37	12	11	6	71	17	365
2019	Indigenous	22	29	22	7	20	51	27	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	38	13	13	10	64	23	341
2018	Indigenous	29	22	15	15	19	51	34	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	36	15	17	8	60	25	271

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	21	23	7	7	63	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	37	8	4	2	87	6	330
2020	Indigenous	29	31	24	16	0	61	16	13
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	29	12	5	2	81	7	362
2019	Indigenous	36	44	15	0	6	80	6	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	35	11	6	2	81	8	340
2018	Indigenous	41	22	29	0	7	63	7	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	40	13	6	2	79	9	267

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	21	6	38	7	49	45	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	41	9	10	6	74	16	330
2020	Indigenous	19	41	14	27	0	59	27	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	42	10	10	6	73	16	363
2019	Indigenous	22	29	15	22	13	51	35	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	42	14	13	7	65	21	343
2018	Indigenous	19	29	22	7	22	49	29	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	40	17	14	6	62	21	271

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	15	0	30	13	57	43	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	37	9	7	6	78	13	330
2020	Indigenous	39	41	7	14	0	80	14	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	35	14	7	5	73	13	366
2019	Indigenous	29	36	7	7	20	65	27	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	36	13	12	8	67	20	343
2018	Indigenous	37	15	0	22	27	51	49	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	37	17	12	6	64	19	270

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	30	15	7	13	0	65	20	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	40	10	8	5	0	77	14	330
2020	Indigenous	20	25	20	34	0	0	46	34	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	40	9	8	5	0	78	13	363
2019	Indigenous	34	27	14	7	12	7	65	20	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	44	13	13	3	0	71	16	338
2018	Indigenous	24	40	0	24	13	0	63	37	13
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	37	23	10	7	0	60	17	271

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	50	0	15	7	78	22	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	37	11	8	3	78	11	330
2020	Indigenous	25	34	27	14	0	59	14	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	38	8	7	4	81	11	366
2019	Indigenous	34	41	20	0	5	74	5	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	45	11	8	3	78	12	343
2018	Indigenous	37	29	15	7	12	66	19	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	44	15	11	4	70	15	271

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	30	27	7	0	0	66	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	39	21	7	5	0	67	12	330
2020	Indigenous	14	34	25	27	0	0	48	27	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	37	22	12	5	0	61	17	364
2019	Indigenous	15	29	49	0	7	0	44	7	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	34	26	9	5	1	59	15	339
2018	Indigenous	15	49	15	7	15	0	63	22	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	39	19	7	7	0	66	14	272

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	35	30	22	7	0	0	29	42	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	28	35	20	6	0	1	26	38	330
2020	Indigenous	27	7	52	7	7	0	0	14	34	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	26	40	15	7	1	0	22	37	365
2019	Indigenous	32	7	54	7	0	0	0	7	39	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	28	35	15	4	1	1	20	45	343
2018	Indigenous	27	29	37	7	0	0	0	7	56	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	31	36	13	4	0	0	16	47	271

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	28	16	8	14	0	0	22	62	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	29	21	11	4	0	1	16	62	330
2020	Indigenous	29	22	29	20	0	0	0	20	51	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	27	31	13	7	1	0	21	47	365
2019	Indigenous	26	47	27	0	0	0	0	0	73	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	26	25	15	4	1	1	19	55	341
2018	Indigenous	41	37	22	0	0	0	0	0	78	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	32	24	14	3	0	0	17	58	270

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	20	30	29	8	0	0	36	34	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	18	34	31	9	1	1	41	25	330
2020	Indigenous	14	14	59	14	0	0	0	14	27	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	14	41	27	10	1	0	38	21	361
2019	Indigenous	14	19	47	20	0	0	0	20	32	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	16	40	27	7	1	1	35	24	340
2018	Indigenous	15	34	29	15	7	0	0	22	49	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	15	38	29	6	0	0	35	26	266

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	23	7	23	7	7	7	34	57	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	24	29	19	7	2	1	26	44	330
2020	Indigenous	14	27	27	25	7	0	0	32	41	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	21	30	22	12	1	0	34	35	362
2019	Indigenous	19	41	14	27	0	0	0	27	59	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	24	31	15	6	2	2	22	46	340
2018	Indigenous	7	29	34	29	0	0	0	29	37	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	25	30	16	4	1	2	20	49	270

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	16	28	29	0	7	7	34	34	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	13	31	24	19	2	4	47	20	330
2020	Indigenous	7	14	34	25	20	0	0	46	20	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	2	8	21	40	24	3	2	68	10	360
2019	Indigenous	14	27	27	12	20	0	0	32	41	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	14	26	35	15	2	2	53	21	339
2018	Indigenous	15	7	56	15	0	7	0	16	24	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	16	32	33	9	2	1	43	24	269

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	50	20	16	0	0	0	16	64	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	21	34	13	5	1	1	18	47	330
2020	Indigenous	14	27	46	7	7	0	0	14	41	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	24	33	18	8	1	0	26	41	363
2019	Indigenous	46	20	20	14	0	0	0	14	66	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	25	36	13	4	1	1	18	45	340
2018	Indigenous	19	37	44	0	0	0	0	0	56	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	29	34	12	2	1	0	14	51	269

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	14	35	30	21	0	0	51	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	11	32	34	17	1	1	51	16	330
2020	Indigenous	20	20	39	20	0	0	0	20	41	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	16	32	30	16	1	1	47	21	363
2019	Indigenous	0	20	54	26	0	0	0	26	20	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	12	28	31	20	1	1	53	19	341

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My Work Unit

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	29	0	22	21	0	7	54	46	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	31	19	13	6	7	4	58	21	330
2020	Indigenous	14	19	14	41	14	0	0	32	54	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	30	18	10	10	4	3	60	21	366
2019	Indigenous	20	27	14	14	19	7	0	51	35	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	28	17	18	11	4	1	51	31	341
2018	Indigenous	7	44	15	7	27	0	0	51	34	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	31	20	16	14	4	1	47	32	269

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	14	7	30	7	0	57	36	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	30	10	9	7	1	75	16	330
2020	Indigenous	25	27	20	20	7	0	52	27	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	29	10	11	9	1	71	20	366
2019	Indigenous	29	29	0	15	27	0	58	42	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	32	9	14	8	1	69	22	342
2018	Indigenous	22	37	7	7	27	0	59	34	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	30	12	18	11	0	59	29	266

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	31	14	13	0	72	13	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	33	7	7	3	83	10	330
2020	Indigenous	19	34	14	27	7	52	34	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	31	7	7	4	82	11	363
2019	Indigenous	27	41	27	0	5	68	5	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	36	10	12	3	75	15	343
2018	Indigenous	22	51	5	7	15	73	22	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	38	10	10	6	74	16	269

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	14	20	23	0	0	57	23	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	39	8	6	3	1	84	8	330
2020	Indigenous	20	32	20	27	0	0	52	27	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	39	9	5	4	1	81	10	364
2019	Indigenous	34	34	20	7	5	0	68	12	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	44	10	6	3	0	80	9	342
2018	Indigenous	22	44	0	0	34	0	66	34	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	46	14	7	3	0	76	10	269

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	30	15	14	13	0	0	58	27	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	29	10	9	7	7	5	71	18	330

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	15	22	15	20	0	0	43	35	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	29	12	11	7	7	5	66	20	330

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My Immediate Supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	27	23	7	0	0	0	70	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	28	11	3	1	1	1	85	4	330
2020	Indigenous	41	14	20	7	14	0	5	57	21	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	29	8	3	4	1	1	84	8	365
2019	Indigenous	47	27	14	0	12	0	0	74	12	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	32	8	6	1	1	1	85	7	342

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	42	14	8	0	0	78	8	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	37	12	9	4	0	75	13	330
2020	Indigenous	34	20	14	14	14	5	57	29	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	31	13	9	6	0	72	15	365
2019	Indigenous	34	34	7	14	12	0	68	26	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	34	13	11	4	0	72	15	342
2018	Indigenous	22	37	7	7	22	5	62	31	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	35	14	12	7	0	67	19	270

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	36	22	0	0	7	7	74	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	26	14	6	7	2	1	73	13	330
2020	Indigenous	41	14	20	7	14	0	5	57	21	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	24	12	8	6	2	1	73	15	365

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	15	15	15	0	0	0	70	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	35	10	7	3	0	0	81	9	330
2020	Indigenous	34	20	14	14	14	0	5	57	29	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	26	8	9	7	1	0	75	17	366
2019	Indigenous	47	34	0	14	5	0	0	81	19	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	36	10	9	2	1	0	78	12	339
2018	Indigenous	37	22	7	7	22	0	5	62	31	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	34	10	13	4	1	0	73	17	268

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	70	14	8	0	0	0	8	91	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	68	22	7	1	1	2	0	91	2	330

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	62	14	24	0	0	0	0	76	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	28	9	6	4	0	0	81	11	330
2020	Indigenous	44	22	22	0	7	0	5	69	8	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	62	18	8	8	4	1	0	80	12	366
2019	Indigenous	41	34	7	7	12	0	0	74	19	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	32	8	8	4	0	1	80	12	342
2018	Indigenous	37	29	0	15	15	0	5	69	31	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	34	11	7	6	0	0	75	14	267

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	70	16	0	8	0	0	7	91	9	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	76	8	3	2	3	1	7	91	6	330

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Senior Management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	8	37	0	14	7	0	46	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	32	12	14	10	5	0	62	26	330
2020	Indigenous	27	27	14	7	20	0	5	57	29	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	32	15	10	7	5	0	67	18	366
2019	Indigenous	27	20	20	14	12	7	0	51	27	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	33	18	15	14	5	0	52	30	340
2018	Indigenous	15	37	7	15	27	0	0	51	41	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	35	20	19	11	3	0	48	31	272

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	8	20	16	28	0	0	36	44	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	30	13	18	16	2	0	51	35	330
2020	Indigenous	20	20	27	7	20	0	5	43	29	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	31	18	12	8	0	0	62	21	363
2019	Indigenous	14	34	0	14	39	0	0	47	53	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	28	13	22	19	1	0	45	42	341
2018	Indigenous	7	37	7	15	34	0	0	44	49	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	30	17	25	18	1	0	38	44	270

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	7	22	22	20	7	0	30	46	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	27	17	18	21	3	0	42	41	330
2020	Indigenous	14	7	34	14	27	0	5	21	43	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	30	19	17	10	2	0	53	27	365
2019	Indigenous	0	41	27	7	26	0	0	41	32	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	26	17	24	20	3	0	37	45	340
2018	Indigenous	0	37	27	7	29	0	0	37	37	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	24	22	25	20	4	0	30	47	272

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	14	21	22	22	7	0	30	48	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	32	14	21	16	1	0	49	37	330
2020	Indigenous	20	27	14	14	20	0	5	50	36	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	35	17	14	11	2	0	57	25	366
2019	Indigenous	7	34	7	20	26	7	0	44	49	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	28	16	23	19	2	0	40	44	341
2018	Indigenous	0	37	12	15	37	0	0	37	51	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	29	14	27	23	1	0	35	51	271

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	30	27	7	8	8	13	47	19	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	26	27	8	7	10	3	52	17	330
2020	Indigenous	20	14	34	7	14	7	5	38	23	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	19	20	16	7	13	4	48	28	366
2019	Indigenous	14	32	27	7	7	14	0	53	16	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	18	20	15	12	17	4	40	34	343

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My Organization (Department or Agency)

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	29	13	23	14	0	50	37	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	46	14	10	5	0	71	15	330
2020	Indigenous	32	34	20	14	0	0	66	14	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	52	12	5	4	1	79	9	363
2019	Indigenous	7	47	0	20	26	0	54	46	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	44	15	17	8	1	60	25	342
2018	Indigenous	15	44	7	7	27	0	59	34	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	41	17	22	7	0	53	30	272

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	28	7	43	14	0	0	36	57	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	31	16	27	14	2	1	41	42	330
2020	Indigenous	19	20	27	27	7	0	0	39	34	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	38	21	16	8	2	0	55	24	361
2019	Indigenous	7	34	20	14	26	0	0	41	39	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	33	20	22	13	2	0	44	36	341

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	28	6	15	14	8	0	62	31	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	34	10	14	5	3	1	69	20	330
2020	Indigenous	20	32	14	27	7	0	0	52	34	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	33	8	9	7	2	1	75	16	364
2019	Indigenous	27	14	27	20	12	0	0	41	32	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	35	17	11	8	2	0	64	19	341
2018	Indigenous	22	29	0	37	5	7	0	55	45	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	39	17	12	7	1	0	63	19	269

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	28	28	8	13	0	50	22	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	40	17	11	5	0	67	16	330
2020	Indigenous	12	48	14	20	7	0	59	27	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	33	16	9	4	1	70	14	364
2019	Indigenous	20	27	20	20	12	0	47	32	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	34	20	14	11	1	55	25	342
2018	Indigenous	15	37	15	15	19	0	51	34	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	36	21	18	7	0	53	25	269

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	15	22	22	20	0	0	35	43	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	24	15	14	19	8	2	46	38	330
2020	Indigenous	12	20	20	34	14	0	0	32	48	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	24	21	12	15	7	2	48	29	363
2019	Indigenous	20	7	27	20	26	0	0	27	46	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	16	18	15	24	9	2	37	43	343
2018	Indigenous	0	15	22	37	12	15	0	17	57	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	17	21	21	20	8	2	31	45	271

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	22	42	15	7	0	36	22	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	34	14	16	15	2	53	32	330
2020	Indigenous	7	32	27	14	20	0	39	34	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	30	14	18	8	2	59	27	362
2019	Indigenous	20	20	20	20	19	0	41	39	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	29	13	20	16	2	49	37	341
2018	Indigenous	15	15	22	22	27	0	29	49	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	35	23	18	13	0	46	31	272

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	30	35	0	0	0	0	65	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	30	11	4	6	2	2	78	10	330
2020	Indigenous	32	41	14	7	7	0	0	73	14	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	21	15	6	4	1	4	74	10	366
2019	Indigenous	34	41	14	0	12	0	0	74	12	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	27	11	6	3	1	4	79	10	342

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	37	19	8	7	0	7	63	16	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	24	15	8	6	2	3	69	15	330
2020	Indigenous	32	34	7	14	7	7	0	71	22	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	22	18	6	4	1	2	71	10	366
2019	Indigenous	20	34	7	27	12	0	0	54	39	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	26	17	6	6	2	3	70	12	343

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	22	16	6	7	7	0	69	14	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	65	12	4	4	4	7	4	86	9	330
2020	Indigenous	46	14	14	0	14	14	0	69	16	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	70	10	6	3	3	6	3	87	7	363
2019	Indigenous	47	14	14	7	5	7	7	70	14	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	68	9	5	4	5	5	4	84	10	339

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	21	7	0	13	0	16	76	16	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	70	10	3	2	2	3	10	92	5	330
2020	Indigenous	46	14	14	7	7	7	7	69	16	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	72	9	4	2	1	2	10	92	3	366
2019	Indigenous	61	14	7	7	5	0	7	80	13	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	78	6	2	2	1	3	9	94	4	342

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	28	7	14	38	6	0	37	56	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	27	9	23	23	2	3	42	48	330
2020	Indigenous	0	20	7	48	20	0	5	21	71	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	22	15	19	18	2	3	45	39	364
2019	Indigenous	7	29	15	15	35	0	0	36	49	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	21	14	20	24	3	2	39	46	343
2018	Indigenous	0	29	7	22	22	15	5	36	55	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	28	18	20	24	1	2	37	45	271

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	44	0	28	7	0	65	35	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	42	17	11	6	3	65	17	330
2020	Indigenous	0	39	34	7	14	7	42	22	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	45	14	12	5	1	69	17	366
2019	Indigenous	14	41	14	20	5	7	58	27	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	40	19	15	5	2	61	20	343
2018	Indigenous	15	22	22	22	19	0	37	41	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	39	26	15	4	3	53	20	271

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	22	6	37	7	0	50	44	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	39	12	12	6	2	69	18	330
2020	Indigenous	12	27	27	27	7	0	39	34	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	38	10	9	6	1	74	16	363
2019	Indigenous	20	41	14	14	12	0	61	26	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	43	16	8	7	1	69	16	339
2018	Indigenous	29	29	15	7	19	0	59	27	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	38	15	7	5	1	73	13	267

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	35	8	15	21	0	56	36	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	41	9	7	5	3	79	12	330
2020	Indigenous	19	41	20	14	7	0	59	20	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	40	12	4	4	2	80	8	366
2019	Indigenous	34	34	14	7	12	0	68	19	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	37	13	5	4	3	77	9	341
2018	Indigenous	37	37	5	7	15	0	73	22	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	38	15	5	3	3	77	8	269

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	0	44	14	0	7	38	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	27	28	9	4	6	56	14	330
2020	Indigenous	20	32	27	7	14	0	52	20	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	38	15	6	4	2	74	11	365

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	14	7	38	13	0	0	42	51	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	31	12	6	10	5	3	70	17	330
2020	Indigenous	25	27	14	27	7	0	0	52	34	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	29	8	10	7	2	2	74	18	364

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	20	23	8	42	7	0	54	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	8	15	9	36	6	21	61	18	330

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	28	8	14	7	29	0	60	29	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	18	30	5	6	28	2	42	15	330

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	21	15	15	7	63	22	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	33	8	9	4	80	12	330
2020	Indigenous	39	34	7	14	7	73	20	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	31	8	6	4	82	10	365
2019	Indigenous	27	27	34	7	5	54	12	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	39	11	6	5	78	11	342
2018	Indigenous	29	29	7	7	27	59	34	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	37	12	7	4	77	11	270

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	43	6	8	14	7	70	23	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	31	14	10	6	1	70	16	330
2020	Indigenous	32	20	27	14	7	0	52	20	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	32	13	7	7	0	74	14	363
2019	Indigenous	27	20	20	20	5	7	51	27	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	32	19	11	8	0	62	19	341
2018	Indigenous	15	29	15	15	27	0	44	41	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	32	21	14	5	0	60	19	269

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	21	22	15	7	7	53	23	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	35	12	13	7	0	68	20	330
2020	Indigenous	32	20	20	20	7	0	52	27	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	34	14	7	6	0	73	13	362
2019	Indigenous	20	41	7	27	5	0	61	32	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	35	18	14	7	0	61	21	340
2018	Indigenous	15	29	7	29	19	0	44	49	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	37	21	12	7	0	60	19	269

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	28	22	15	7	8	0	53	24	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	27	13	17	8	4	1	60	26	330
2020	Indigenous	19	20	20	14	14	14	0	45	31	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	24	15	9	9	4	0	66	18	366
2019	Indigenous	20	27	27	0	19	7	0	51	20	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	25	18	12	10	5	0	58	23	342
2018	Indigenous	22	15	37	7	12	7	0	40	21	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	23	22	14	11	4	0	51	26	269

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Mobility and Retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	34	51	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	34	31	330
2020	Indigenous	41	20	39	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	48	31	366
2019	Indigenous	26	41	34	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	36	40	341
2018	Indigenous	41	22	37	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	35	38	270

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes, to retire (%)	Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Yes, other reason Specify other reason (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	33	25	11	8	7	115

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Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	330

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	60	40	50

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	52	50

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	50

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	50

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	50

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	50

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	50

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	46	50

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	62	50

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	46	50

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	53	50

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	60	50

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	46	50

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	64	50

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	50

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	50

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	50

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	47	50

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	50

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	50

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	50	50

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	50

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	50

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	50

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	50

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	50

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	50

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	50

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	70	50

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	45

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	45

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	45

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	45

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	45

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	45

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	45

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	45

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	45

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	79	45

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	45

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	53	45

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	45

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	58	42	45

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	45

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	45

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	17	12	11	11	31	4	47	34	330
2020	Indigenous	7	7	27	27	14	19	0	17	50	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	16	16	9	11	27	4	48	28	364
2019	Indigenous	7	7	34	27	5	14	7	17	41	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	17	18	11	12	25	5	42	32	341
2018	Indigenous	0	15	27	15	15	22	7	21	41	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	16	22	11	12	23	5	37	32	269

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	32	14	9	10	7	1	64	21	330
2020	Indigenous	7	27	20	34	7	5	0	36	43	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	27	20	9	7	4	0	63	17	366
2019	Indigenous	27	20	20	20	12	0	0	47	32	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	31	15	12	9	8	0	61	23	341
2018	Indigenous	29	7	27	15	22	0	0	37	37	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	36	16	14	7	7	0	60	22	271

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Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	330
2020	Indigenous	52	48	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	365

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	64	40

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	27	40

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	40

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	40

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	40

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	40

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	40

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	65	40

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	40

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	40

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	40

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	59	40

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	40

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	40

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	40

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	40

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	40

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	40

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	40

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	40

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	40

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	74	40

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	40

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	40

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	40

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	40

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	40

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	40

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	40

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	43	40

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	40

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	40

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	40

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	40

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	40

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	40

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	40

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	79	40

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	40

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	40

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	40

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	55	40

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	40

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	75	25	40

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	40

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	40

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	15	17	9	7	33	4	48	25	330
2020	Indigenous	7	7	20	34	14	19	0	17	58	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	15	18	7	7	27	5	51	22	365
2019	Indigenous	7	14	27	7	12	34	0	31	28	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	17	23	4	6	30	6	49	16	341
2018	Indigenous	7	15	27	15	15	15	7	28	38	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	21	22	4	5	29	5	53	14	270

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	33	16	9	5	7	2	66	16	330
2020	Indigenous	15	27	36	15	7	0	0	42	22	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	29	19	5	6	5	1	68	12	364
2019	Indigenous	34	7	20	14	12	14	0	47	30	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	27	20	6	5	10	0	65	12	342
2018	Indigenous	32	16	29	16	8	0	0	47	24	13
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	35	21	6	4	9	0	66	11	269

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	13	33	7	26	20	0	17	42	15

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Stress and Well-Being

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	23	14	0	22	0	7	61	24	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	30	17	8	11	0	0	64	19	325
2020	Indigenous	52	20	14	7	7	0	0	73	14	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	28	17	6	4	1	1	73	10	364
2019	Indigenous	14	34	20	7	26	0	0	47	32	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	33	14	11	7	1	1	68	18	342
2018	Indigenous	32	32	8	8	21	0	0	63	29	13
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	33	22	10	8	0	0	60	19	271

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	37	14	42	6	0	37	49	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	28	31	14	17	0	37	31	330
2020	Indigenous	7	20	27	32	14	0	27	46	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	24	33	16	13	0	37	30	365
2019	Indigenous	0	34	20	34	12	0	34	46	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	28	27	18	12	1	42	31	341
2018	Indigenous	0	29	44	19	7	0	29	27	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	27	31	18	10	0	41	28	269

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	37	36	0	20	0	0	44	20	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	37	25	10	9	0	1	55	19	330
2020	Indigenous	7	46	27	7	14	0	0	52	20	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	33	27	13	6	1	0	54	19	364
2019	Indigenous	7	54	20	7	12	0	0	61	19	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	33	22	15	6	0	1	56	22	341
2018	Indigenous	0	29	29	34	7	0	0	29	41	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	35	27	12	9	0	0	52	21	272

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	8	23	28	35	0	0	14	63	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	26	27	17	18	0	0	38	36	330
2020	Indigenous	14	7	34	7	34	5	0	21	43	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	27	24	15	13	1	0	47	28	364
2019	Indigenous	7	27	27	27	12	0	0	34	39	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	23	29	18	16	0	1	37	34	337
2018	Indigenous	15	22	19	29	15	0	0	37	44	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	27	24	20	16	0	0	40	36	272

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	58	21	0	0	0	7	77	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	33	18	9	4	1	2	68	13	330
2020	Indigenous	15	44	15	13	15	0	0	58	27	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	30	16	12	7	0	2	65	19	361
2019	Indigenous	20	27	47	0	5	0	0	47	5	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	31	19	7	5	1	2	69	12	341
2018	Indigenous	22	56	15	7	0	0	0	78	7	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	31	20	7	4	0	1	69	11	271

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	50	36	0	0	0	64	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	35	23	9	9	0	59	18	330
2020	Indigenous	14	34	12	14	27	0	48	41	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	32	20	13	11	1	55	25	364
2019	Indigenous	14	20	54	7	5	0	34	12	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	33	21	11	8	1	60	19	341
2018	Indigenous	0	71	15	7	7	0	71	15	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	29	23	12	10	0	55	21	271

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	23	28	8	20	0	0	44	28	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	33	23	11	11	1	0	54	22	330
2020	Indigenous	20	25	34	14	7	0	0	46	20	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	34	21	10	6	0	1	62	17	365
2019	Indigenous	0	47	20	14	12	7	0	51	27	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	33	22	14	9	0	1	54	23	342
2018	Indigenous	8	24	32	16	21	0	0	32	37	13
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	34	26	18	8	0	1	48	26	269

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	28	23	14	20	0	0	43	34	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	33	22	16	13	0	0	49	29	330
2020	Indigenous	19	27	14	27	14	0	0	46	41	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	32	26	13	9	0	1	52	22	363
2019	Indigenous	0	20	41	27	12	0	0	20	39	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	26	27	19	12	1	1	41	32	339
2018	Indigenous	0	16	40	16	29	0	0	16	45	13
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	32	30	17	13	1	0	40	30	270

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	23	43	8	13	0	0	36	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	32	21	13	12	0	0	54	25	330
2020	Indigenous	20	32	20	7	20	0	0	52	27	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	29	24	10	9	0	0	57	19	364
2019	Indigenous	0	34	41	14	12	0	0	34	26	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	28	19	19	14	1	1	47	34	341
2018	Indigenous	0	24	24	16	37	0	0	24	53	13
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	28	28	16	14	0	0	41	31	270

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	22	7	22	14	0	0	57	36	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	29	17	8	11	0	0	64	19	325
2020	Indigenous	46	7	27	7	14	0	0	52	20	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	24	14	11	8	0	1	66	20	364
2019	Indigenous	20	41	7	14	19	0	0	61	32	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	24	19	11	10	1	0	60	21	341

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	15	31	7	6	0	57	13	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	28	13	7	6	1	74	14	330
2020	Indigenous	14	34	25	14	14	0	48	27	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	30	25	12	8	1	55	20	364

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	37	29	7	6	0	0	58	13	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	33	22	10	7	0	0	61	17	330
2020	Indigenous	7	7	34	41	12	0	0	14	52	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	30	26	12	7	0	1	55	19	364
2019	Indigenous	14	34	47	0	5	0	0	47	5	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	30	22	11	8	1	1	58	19	338
2018	Indigenous	24	32	16	16	13	0	0	55	29	13
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	31	26	13	6	1	1	54	19	269

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	29	15	0	0	0	7	84	0	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	62	22	7	2	3	1	3	88	5	330
2020	Indigenous	27	25	27	14	0	0	7	56	15	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	33	11	4	3	0	1	82	6	364
2019	Indigenous	14	34	41	7	5	0	0	47	12	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	23	11	5	4	0	2	79	10	339
2018	Indigenous	16	32	24	16	5	0	8	52	23	13
2018	Non-Indigenous	58	21	12	3	4	0	2	80	7	268

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	57	14	8	0	0	78	8	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	33	10	2	3	1	85	5	330
2020	Indigenous	20	39	27	14	0	0	59	14	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	38	17	9	3	0	71	12	362

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	29	29	0	6	0	0	65	6	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	74	11	5	1	3	0	7	91	4	330
2020	Indigenous	52	14	14	7	7	0	7	71	15	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	72	15	4	2	1	1	5	93	3	365
2019	Indigenous	54	14	7	7	0	5	14	83	8	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	73	15	3	1	1	0	6	94	3	342
2018	Indigenous	45	32	16	8	0	0	0	76	8	13
2018	Non-Indigenous	74	11	7	3	1	0	4	89	4	269

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	23	15	0	27	0	0	58	27	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	67	14	4	5	6	2	2	84	12	330
2020	Indigenous	34	25	20	0	14	7	0	64	15	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	73	10	4	3	5	1	3	87	8	364
2019	Indigenous	61	14	14	7	5	0	0	74	12	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	18	8	5	6	1	2	80	11	342
2018	Indigenous	32	24	8	8	29	0	0	55	37	13
2018	Non-Indigenous	62	17	8	3	6	1	1	82	10	270

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	43	0	15	7	0	79	21	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	32	9	3	5	1	82	8	325
2020	Indigenous	32	41	14	14	0	0	73	14	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	26	9	3	2	2	85	5	366
2019	Indigenous	41	34	14	7	5	0	74	12	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	36	14	4	3	1	79	7	340
2018	Indigenous	22	59	0	15	5	0	81	19	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	43	35	12	4	5	1	78	9	271

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	21	23	15	14	0	0	49	29	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	23	8	7	7	0	2	78	14	330
2020	Indigenous	32	34	20	0	14	0	0	66	14	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	62	18	7	6	6	0	1	81	12	364
2019	Indigenous	41	34	7	7	12	0	0	74	19	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	19	16	8	7	0	1	69	15	339
2018	Indigenous	15	37	7	15	22	0	5	54	38	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	25	13	10	11	1	0	66	21	271

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	14	0	8	0	22	90	10	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	12	5	2	1	26	89	5	330
2020	Indigenous	48	0	14	0	0	39	78	0	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	56	12	5	0	1	25	91	2	365
2019	Indigenous	32	7	7	7	0	47	74	13	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	15	5	1	1	29	90	3	340
2018	Indigenous	37	7	7	0	0	49	86	0	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	50	13	4	2	1	30	90	5	267

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	37	19	8	0	0	0	72	8	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	63	24	6	1	1	0	5	91	2	330
2020	Indigenous	41	32	7	7	7	0	7	78	15	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	65	21	6	2	1	0	4	90	3	366
2019	Indigenous	47	41	5	7	0	0	0	88	7	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	58	22	10	3	1	1	5	85	5	340
2018	Indigenous	59	12	15	15	0	0	0	71	15	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	53	25	9	6	2	0	4	82	9	270

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	0	8	15	14	0	8	60	31	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	62	16	8	5	5	0	4	82	10	330
2020	Indigenous	41	25	20	0	14	0	0	66	14	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	66	21	5	3	4	0	1	88	7	366
2019	Indigenous	54	20	0	14	5	0	7	80	20	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	65	17	6	4	5	1	2	85	9	340
2018	Indigenous	37	22	0	15	19	0	7	63	37	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	64	19	5	4	5	1	2	85	10	271

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	28	20	16	0	0	0	64	16	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	29	13	5	3	0	4	78	8	330
2020	Indigenous	32	41	20	7	0	0	0	73	7	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	25	16	9	3	1	1	72	12	363
2019	Indigenous	39	27	20	0	7	7	0	71	7	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	29	12	5	1	1	2	81	7	342
2018	Indigenous	56	22	15	7	0	0	0	78	7	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	30	18	3	3	1	1	76	5	270

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	22	41	30	0	29	30	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	31	42	15	7	35	22	330
2020	Indigenous	7	32	27	14	20	39	34	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	30	38	14	6	42	20	364
2019	Indigenous	0	41	34	20	5	41	26	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	29	38	15	6	41	21	342
2018	Indigenous	0	29	29	15	27	29	41	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	37	34	13	7	46	20	270

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	38	49	7	0	7	44	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	18	44	20	4	24	32	330
2020	Indigenous	20	27	32	14	7	20	48	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	26	40	16	7	23	37	365
2019	Indigenous	12	27	47	14	0	14	39	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	21	43	17	5	23	34	340
2018	Indigenous	19	37	22	22	0	22	56	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	23	41	21	5	25	34	265

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	29	30	15	0	0	0	55	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	43	12	7	3	1	0	78	10	330
2020	Indigenous	46	27	20	0	7	0	0	73	7	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	38	8	5	2	1	1	85	7	366
2019	Indigenous	27	54	14	0	5	0	0	81	5	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	43	15	6	4	2	0	74	11	341
2018	Indigenous	15	44	7	15	19	0	0	59	34	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	45	19	7	5	1	0	69	12	271

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	15	28	28	8	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	27	35	21	8	330

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	21	15	8	0	0	0	77	8	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	27	10	3	3	1	0	84	6	330
2020	Indigenous	27	20	20	14	14	5	0	50	29	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	25	14	4	5	2	1	77	9	361

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	42	8	8	7	0	0	77	15	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	30	8	11	8	1	0	72	20	330
2020	Indigenous	20	20	14	14	27	5	0	43	43	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	27	10	11	10	1	1	69	21	365

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	27	8	15	0	8	75	16	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	32	5	5	5	1	84	10	330
2020	Indigenous	20	27	20	14	14	5	50	29	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	23	9	7	6	1	78	13	363

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	28	7	22	14	7	54	39	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	41	13	13	9	1	64	23	330
2020	Indigenous	19	20	27	20	14	0	39	34	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	34	14	9	7	1	69	16	366
2019	Indigenous	7	47	14	27	5	0	54	32	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	36	20	17	10	1	53	27	342
2018	Indigenous	7	37	15	7	34	0	44	41	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	35	24	16	11	1	48	28	272

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	58	9	10	8	0	0	72	19	70
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	50	7	12	3	0	0	78	16	58

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Duty to Accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	80	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	330
2020	Indigenous	48	52	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	364
2019	Indigenous	32	68	15
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	86	342

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	75	25	50

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	77	23	50

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	35	5	3	3	0	0	89	5	40

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	21	16	7	0	0	0	77	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	34	7	4	4	3	5	84	9	330
2020	Indigenous	42	7	29	15	7	0	0	49	22	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	25	5	7	2	4	2	84	11	365

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Compensation

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	52	13	7	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	54	30	1	330
2020	Indigenous	14	52	34	0	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	52	32	2	366

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	50	50

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	26	6	17	24	4	9	47	46	50

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	19	6	7	19	6	37	44	46	50

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	20	8	0	7	8	27	76	11	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	9	4	3	1	8	23	89	6	330
2020	Indigenous	46	14	7	0	14	7	14	74	17	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	69	12	3	1	2	2	12	94	2	365
2019	Indigenous	35	29	7	0	7	7	15	81	9	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	64	12	8	3	2	2	10	86	5	340
2018	Indigenous	73	0	7	0	0	7	12	91	0	14
2018	Non-Indigenous	60	11	6	4	3	3	12	85	9	269

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Hybrid Work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?
Survey year	Demographic	20% (1 out of 5 days) (%)	40% (2 out of 5 days) (%)	60% (3 out of 5 days) (%)	80% (4 out of 5 days) (%)	Other Please specify (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	19	6	5	17	175

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	45	185

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	61	185

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	27	185

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	50	185

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	70	185

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	59	185

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	81	185

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	185

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	185

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	185

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	63	185

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	185

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	185

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	85	9	3	1	2	0	1	95	3	185

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	20	17	16	29	2	7	50	31	185

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	24	16	13	28	6	2	44	38	185

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Canada Energy Regulator by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources