2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Transport Canada by Question 81. Are you a supervisor?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented according to the numerical order of questions, grouped by section theme as they appeared in the questionnaire. Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

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My Job

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	44	40	3	9	4	84	13	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	45	40	4	7	4	85	11	2705
2020	Supervisor	50	39	2	6	1	90	8	1085
2020	Non-supervisor	42	45	4	7	2	87	9	3147

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	74	19	3	2	1	1	94	3	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	73	20	3	2	1	1	94	3	2705
2020	Supervisor	77	16	3	1	2	0	94	3	1082
2020	Non-supervisor	77	17	3	1	1	0	95	3	3136

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	43	34	6	10	5	1	78	15	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	50	31	8	6	4	1	82	10	2700
2020	Supervisor	50	35	8	5	1	1	86	6	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	47	38	7	5	2	0	86	7	3133
2019	Supervisor	45	36	6	10	4	0	80	14	965
2019	Non-supervisor	42	36	7	10	5	0	78	15	2864

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	33	38	11	11	6	0	71	17	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	31	36	12	13	7	0	68	20	2705
2020	Supervisor	37	37	12	9	4	1	75	13	1081
2020	Non-supervisor	33	36	13	12	5	1	70	17	3131
2019	Supervisor	28	38	12	14	8	0	66	22	963
2019	Non-supervisor	25	35	14	16	10	0	60	26	2856
2018	Supervisor	28	45	8	13	6	0	73	19	887
2018	Non-supervisor	22	41	11	16	10	0	63	26	2731

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	50	35	7	5	2	86	7	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	50	33	8	6	2	83	8	2700
2020	Supervisor	55	33	7	3	2	88	5	1072
2020	Non-supervisor	49	34	9	5	2	84	7	3118
2019	Supervisor	47	37	8	5	2	85	7	955
2019	Non-supervisor	42	36	10	8	3	78	11	2847

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	39	34	11	9	6	73	15	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	51	30	9	5	4	81	10	2705
2020	Supervisor	44	34	10	8	5	78	12	1082
2020	Non-supervisor	54	29	8	5	3	84	8	3129
2019	Supervisor	44	34	9	8	4	78	12	968
2019	Non-supervisor	51	30	8	7	4	81	11	2855
2018	Supervisor	43	36	8	8	5	79	13	889
2018	Non-supervisor	50	32	9	6	3	82	9	2720

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	43	38	10	6	3	82	9	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	38	39	12	6	4	77	11	2705
2020	Supervisor	45	40	8	5	2	85	7	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	40	38	12	7	3	78	10	3138
2019	Supervisor	43	40	9	5	3	83	8	967
2019	Non-supervisor	34	39	13	9	6	73	14	2861
2018	Supervisor	40	44	8	5	3	84	8	883
2018	Non-supervisor	32	40	14	8	6	72	14	2714

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	33	38	13	9	7	71	16	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	35	34	14	8	8	70	16	2705
2020	Supervisor	36	39	12	9	4	75	13	1085
2020	Non-supervisor	38	34	13	9	5	72	15	3141
2019	Supervisor	32	39	13	10	5	71	16	966
2019	Non-supervisor	31	36	16	10	7	67	17	2859
2018	Supervisor	29	40	16	8	7	69	14	889
2018	Non-supervisor	30	34	18	10	8	64	18	2724

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	33	44	9	11	4	77	15	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	35	42	11	8	4	77	12	2700
2020	Supervisor	36	41	11	8	3	78	11	1076
2020	Non-supervisor	34	42	12	9	4	76	12	3127
2019	Supervisor	30	45	11	9	4	75	14	958
2019	Non-supervisor	29	41	14	11	5	70	16	2851
2018	Supervisor	28	45	14	9	4	72	14	886
2018	Non-supervisor	28	38	16	12	6	66	18	2726

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	51	38	7	3	1	88	5	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	45	38	9	5	3	84	7	2700
2020	Supervisor	55	34	6	3	1	90	5	1082
2020	Non-supervisor	47	37	9	4	3	84	7	3133
2019	Supervisor	50	38	7	4	2	87	6	962
2019	Non-supervisor	40	39	12	6	3	79	9	2848
2018	Supervisor	52	38	5	3	1	90	5	890
2018	Non-supervisor	37	44	10	5	2	82	8	2722

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	39	37	10	8	5	77	14	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	37	35	14	8	6	72	14	2700
2020	Supervisor	44	35	11	7	3	79	10	1084
2020	Non-supervisor	39	35	13	8	5	74	13	3138
2019	Supervisor	38	39	11	7	5	77	12	964
2019	Non-supervisor	33	35	14	10	8	68	17	2853
2018	Supervisor	38	41	10	7	5	79	11	887
2018	Non-supervisor	30	38	15	9	8	68	17	2714

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	57	32	7	2	2	89	4	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	52	33	10	3	2	85	5	2700
2020	Supervisor	59	31	6	2	1	91	3	1081
2020	Non-supervisor	53	32	10	3	2	85	5	3113
2019	Supervisor	58	33	7	2	1	91	3	955
2019	Non-supervisor	48	34	12	4	2	82	6	2842
2018	Supervisor	57	34	6	2	1	91	3	879
2018	Non-supervisor	48	36	11	4	2	83	6	2702

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	41	38	9	7	4	79	11	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	32	39	13	9	6	72	15	2695
2020	Supervisor	48	38	8	5	2	85	7	1077
2020	Non-supervisor	36	38	13	8	4	75	12	3128
2019	Supervisor	42	41	7	7	3	83	10	957
2019	Non-supervisor	31	38	14	10	6	69	17	2845
2018	Supervisor	40	43	10	5	3	83	8	879
2018	Non-supervisor	30	37	16	11	7	67	17	2714

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	44	35	11	6	4	79	10	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	39	34	14	7	6	73	13	2695
2020	Supervisor	50	32	10	6	2	82	8	1084
2020	Non-supervisor	40	33	14	7	5	74	12	3133
2019	Supervisor	43	37	9	6	4	80	10	966
2019	Non-supervisor	34	33	16	9	7	68	16	2850
2018	Supervisor	42	35	13	6	4	78	10	883
2018	Non-supervisor	33	33	16	10	8	66	17	2710

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	38	36	13	8	4	75	12	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	39	36	13	8	5	75	12	2700
2020	Supervisor	40	39	11	7	2	79	9	1070
2020	Non-supervisor	38	39	12	7	3	78	10	3113
2019	Supervisor	32	43	10	11	5	75	15	955
2019	Non-supervisor	32	39	14	10	5	71	15	2800
2018	Supervisor	36	37	12	11	5	73	15	885
2018	Non-supervisor	32	35	16	10	6	68	16	2715

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	44	39	9	5	2	84	8	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	45	36	11	4	3	81	7	2700
2020	Supervisor	48	38	8	4	2	86	6	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	48	36	10	5	2	83	7	3129
2019	Supervisor	43	43	8	4	2	86	6	971
2019	Non-supervisor	40	39	12	6	4	79	9	2864
2018	Supervisor	46	39	9	4	2	85	6	891
2018	Non-supervisor	40	38	12	6	3	79	9	2720

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	18	27	24	17	15	0	45	32	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	44	34	14	5	3	1	78	8	2705
2020	Supervisor	17	28	25	18	12	0	45	30	1082
2020	Non-supervisor	42	37	13	5	2	0	79	8	3129
2019	Supervisor	18	31	25	14	12	0	49	26	957
2019	Non-supervisor	40	34	16	6	3	1	75	9	2841
2018	Supervisor	17	32	21	17	13	1	49	30	892
2018	Non-supervisor	38	34	18	6	4	0	72	9	2729

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	14	29	39	14	4	0	1	18	43	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	8	21	37	20	11	1	2	32	30	2695
2020	Supervisor	11	29	39	17	3	0	1	21	40	1083
2020	Non-supervisor	7	20	36	24	11	1	1	36	28	3134
2019	Supervisor	12	30	39	14	4	0	0	18	42	967
2019	Non-supervisor	8	24	37	20	9	1	1	29	33	2853
2018	Supervisor	11	32	40	14	2	0	1	16	44	892
2018	Non-supervisor	10	24	36	20	8	1	2	29	35	2719

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	17	29	35	15	3	0	1	18	46	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	13	24	32	16	9	1	3	27	39	2695
2020	Supervisor	16	22	36	20	4	0	1	25	39	1081
2020	Non-supervisor	10	21	32	22	12	1	2	34	32	3126
2019	Supervisor	19	28	34	13	5	0	0	18	47	967
2019	Non-supervisor	14	24	31	18	9	2	2	28	40	2843
2018	Supervisor	19	28	33	14	4	1	1	18	48	891
2018	Non-supervisor	15	26	31	17	8	2	2	26	42	2711

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	13	27	38	17	5	0	1	22	40	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	6	12	31	29	19	1	3	50	18	2690
2020	Supervisor	13	25	38	19	4	0	0	24	38	1078
2020	Non-supervisor	5	10	30	34	19	1	1	55	15	3117
2019	Supervisor	11	25	40	19	4	0	0	23	37	963
2019	Non-supervisor	6	13	30	33	16	1	1	50	19	2843
2018	Supervisor	15	24	40	17	4	0	1	21	39	889
2018	Non-supervisor	6	13	32	32	14	1	2	48	20	2715

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	25	28	27	14	4	0	1	18	54	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	12	18	28	21	17	2	4	40	31	2695
2020	Supervisor	20	27	32	15	4	1	0	20	48	1079
2020	Non-supervisor	9	15	26	28	19	1	2	49	24	3126
2019	Supervisor	20	32	27	15	4	1	1	20	53	963
2019	Non-supervisor	13	19	26	22	15	2	2	39	34	2853
2018	Supervisor	23	27	32	13	4	1	1	17	50	891
2018	Non-supervisor	14	20	29	21	12	2	2	35	35	2715

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	12	22	31	22	10	1	2	33	35	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	9	16	23	22	19	4	7	46	28	2695
2020	Supervisor	7	14	32	32	14	1	1	46	21	1076
2020	Non-supervisor	5	8	22	31	28	3	3	62	15	3121
2019	Supervisor	11	20	31	25	10	1	1	36	32	961
2019	Non-supervisor	10	15	25	25	18	3	3	47	27	2849
2018	Supervisor	12	20	34	24	9	0	1	33	33	882
2018	Non-supervisor	10	18	25	24	15	4	3	43	30	2711

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	19	27	35	15	3	1	1	18	46	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	13	22	30	17	12	2	3	31	37	2700
2020	Supervisor	16	22	41	16	4	1	0	20	39	1081
2020	Non-supervisor	11	18	33	21	13	2	1	36	30	3114
2019	Supervisor	19	28	37	12	3	0	0	15	48	968
2019	Non-supervisor	15	23	32	17	10	2	2	28	39	2852
2018	Supervisor	18	32	34	11	3	1	1	15	51	894
2018	Non-supervisor	16	23	30	17	8	3	2	27	42	2722

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	6	13	34	30	16	0	1	46	20	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	6	14	32	26	18	1	3	46	21	2700
2020	Supervisor	5	15	38	32	10	0	0	42	20	1081
2020	Non-supervisor	7	16	35	28	12	0	1	41	23	3137
2019	Supervisor	8	21	37	26	7	0	1	33	30	965
2019	Non-supervisor	11	19	31	24	13	1	1	38	30	2858

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My Work Unit

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	29	38	14	6	5	3	5	73	11	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	30	27	17	7	7	7	6	65	15	2700
2020	Supervisor	31	38	14	6	5	3	3	73	12	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	31	28	17	8	6	6	4	65	16	3141
2019	Supervisor	33	38	13	7	4	2	2	74	12	965
2019	Non-supervisor	28	28	16	10	9	5	4	62	21	2861
2018	Supervisor	29	39	15	7	6	3	2	71	13	887
2018	Non-supervisor	24	29	20	10	8	6	4	58	19	2717

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	62	27	3	5	2	0	90	7	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	54	26	7	6	6	1	80	12	2700
2020	Supervisor	60	27	5	5	3	0	88	8	1079
2020	Non-supervisor	52	26	9	7	5	1	79	12	3132
2019	Supervisor	57	29	5	5	3	0	87	9	960
2019	Non-supervisor	44	29	9	9	8	1	74	17	2862
2018	Supervisor	55	30	6	5	3	0	85	9	885
2018	Non-supervisor	42	29	9	11	8	1	72	19	2710

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	60	31	3	4	2	91	6	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	60	27	5	5	3	87	8	2700
2020	Supervisor	59	32	3	4	2	91	6	1076
2020	Non-supervisor	58	27	6	5	2	86	8	3130
2019	Supervisor	52	33	7	5	3	85	8	962
2019	Non-supervisor	49	31	8	8	4	80	12	2858
2018	Supervisor	50	39	4	5	2	89	7	886
2018	Non-supervisor	49	31	9	8	3	80	11	2718

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	53	36	6	3	2	1	89	5	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	50	32	10	4	3	1	83	7	2700
2020	Supervisor	55	36	5	2	1	0	91	4	1078
2020	Non-supervisor	49	32	11	4	2	1	82	6	3122
2019	Supervisor	49	40	7	3	2	0	89	5	966
2019	Non-supervisor	43	36	12	6	3	1	79	9	2860
2018	Supervisor	45	44	7	2	1	1	89	3	891
2018	Non-supervisor	39	37	13	6	3	1	78	8	2716

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	55	28	7	3	3	3	2	87	6	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	46	23	11	5	4	7	5	78	10	2705

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	52	29	7	4	2	4	2	86	6	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	44	24	11	5	4	7	5	78	10	2705

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My Immediate Supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	61	26	8	2	1	1	1	89	3	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	48	29	12	3	3	1	4	81	7	2705
2020	Supervisor	68	21	7	2	1	0	0	89	3	1085
2020	Non-supervisor	50	26	14	4	2	1	2	79	7	3129
2019	Supervisor	62	24	8	2	2	1	1	87	4	967
2019	Non-supervisor	47	26	15	5	3	1	3	76	9	2864

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	41	34	12	7	4	0	0	76	12	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	46	30	11	7	5	1	0	77	12	2705
2020	Supervisor	49	32	10	6	3	0	0	81	9	1082
2020	Non-supervisor	47	29	11	7	5	0	0	77	12	3132
2019	Supervisor	45	31	10	7	5	0	0	77	13	967
2019	Non-supervisor	44	29	12	7	6	0	1	74	13	2868
2018	Supervisor	40	37	11	7	4	0	0	77	12	894
2018	Non-supervisor	41	33	13	7	5	1	0	75	12	2718

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	52	26	11	3	4	2	1	81	8	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	52	23	11	5	5	2	2	78	10	2700
2020	Supervisor	57	22	11	3	4	1	2	81	7	1082
2020	Non-supervisor	51	24	11	6	4	2	2	78	10	3127

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	50	32	8	7	3	0	0	82	10	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	50	30	10	5	4	0	1	80	10	2695
2020	Supervisor	57	28	7	5	3	0	0	86	7	1087
2020	Non-supervisor	49	30	10	7	4	0	0	80	10	3132
2019	Supervisor	48	33	9	6	4	0	0	81	10	964
2019	Non-supervisor	46	29	11	8	6	0	1	75	14	2858
2018	Supervisor	44	37	8	7	3	0	0	82	11	890
2018	Non-supervisor	44	31	11	8	5	1	0	75	13	2709

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	64	25	6	2	2	1	1	90	4	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	66	20	5	2	2	2	2	90	5	2705

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	53	28	10	6	3	81	9	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	58	23	7	6	5	82	11	2705
2020	Supervisor	65	21	8	4	2	86	6	1087
2020	Non-supervisor	60	22	9	5	4	82	9	3139
2019	Supervisor	54	28	8	5	4	83	10	970
2019	Non-supervisor	52	26	9	7	6	78	12	2867
2018	Supervisor	48	34	8	5	4	82	10	895
2018	Non-supervisor	50	26	11	7	6	76	12	2711

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	82	11	3	1	1	2	95	2	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	82	10	3	1	1	3	95	3	2705
2019	Supervisor	80	11	4	1	2	2	93	3	963
2019	Non-supervisor	80	10	3	2	2	2	93	4	2854

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Senior Management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	37	34	13	6	5	5	75	11	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	38	29	13	7	6	7	72	14	2705
2020	Supervisor	48	33	9	4	3	2	83	8	1085
2020	Non-supervisor	43	27	13	6	4	7	75	11	3142
2019	Supervisor	33	39	14	7	5	2	73	12	965
2019	Non-supervisor	31	30	16	8	7	7	67	16	2868
2018	Supervisor	34	37	13	7	4	4	75	11	888
2018	Non-supervisor	30	29	19	8	7	7	64	16	2729

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	29	36	16	10	8	1	66	18	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	31	30	16	11	9	3	63	20	2705
2020	Supervisor	44	35	10	6	4	0	79	10	1083
2020	Non-supervisor	40	30	14	9	5	2	72	14	3131
2019	Supervisor	30	37	16	11	6	1	67	17	963
2019	Non-supervisor	28	32	17	11	9	3	61	21	2863
2018	Supervisor	30	37	16	10	6	1	68	16	887
2018	Non-supervisor	26	29	20	12	10	3	57	23	2721

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	22	32	19	14	9	3	56	24	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	24	28	20	13	10	6	55	24	2705
2020	Supervisor	30	39	15	11	4	1	69	15	1080
2020	Non-supervisor	31	31	17	10	7	5	65	17	3135
2019	Supervisor	19	36	19	17	7	1	56	25	960
2019	Non-supervisor	20	28	21	14	10	6	52	25	2862
2018	Supervisor	19	37	21	14	7	2	57	22	888
2018	Non-supervisor	19	27	22	16	10	6	49	28	2721

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	20	38	16	15	10	1	59	25	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	23	33	17	14	11	3	57	25	2705
2020	Supervisor	31	41	11	12	5	0	72	17	1085
2020	Non-supervisor	30	34	16	12	7	2	65	19	3141
2019	Supervisor	16	38	19	18	8	1	55	26	967
2019	Non-supervisor	18	29	19	17	12	4	49	31	2867
2018	Supervisor	18	39	18	17	7	1	57	25	891
2018	Non-supervisor	17	29	19	19	12	3	47	33	2722

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	37	32	18	4	2	4	2	74	7	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	42	25	12	5	3	9	4	77	9	2700
2020	Supervisor	38	29	19	6	2	4	2	72	8	1084
2020	Non-supervisor	44	24	13	5	3	8	4	77	9	3138
2019	Supervisor	39	27	18	5	3	5	3	72	9	970
2019	Non-supervisor	40	22	12	5	5	13	3	74	12	2867

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My Organization (Department or Agency)

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	25	46	16	9	4	0	71	13	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	26	42	17	9	4	2	70	13	2700
2020	Supervisor	31	46	13	7	2	0	77	9	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	31	42	16	6	3	2	75	9	3139
2019	Supervisor	22	45	18	9	5	0	68	14	968
2019	Non-supervisor	23	41	19	10	5	2	66	15	2862
2018	Supervisor	24	47	14	10	4	1	72	14	891
2018	Non-supervisor	22	40	20	11	4	2	63	16	2726

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	14	36	21	18	10	1	51	28	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	19	35	20	15	8	3	56	23	2695
2020	Supervisor	24	41	18	11	5	1	66	17	1077
2020	Non-supervisor	26	38	18	11	5	3	66	16	3120
2019	Supervisor	11	35	23	20	9	2	47	30	964
2019	Non-supervisor	15	33	22	18	9	4	50	28	2853

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	34	37	11	10	4	2	1	74	15	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	28	35	15	11	6	4	1	67	18	2700
2020	Supervisor	40	36	11	7	3	2	1	79	10	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	34	34	15	9	5	3	1	71	14	3133
2019	Supervisor	33	40	13	9	3	2	0	74	12	966
2019	Non-supervisor	28	34	16	11	6	3	1	65	18	2858
2018	Supervisor	41	39	11	5	3	1	1	81	8	892
2018	Non-supervisor	28	38	16	10	5	2	1	68	15	2725

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	32	40	16	7	2	2	73	10	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	32	37	18	6	4	3	71	10	2705
2020	Supervisor	40	39	13	4	2	1	80	6	1078
2020	Non-supervisor	39	35	16	6	3	2	75	9	3128
2019	Supervisor	27	39	23	7	4	1	67	10	963
2019	Non-supervisor	28	35	21	8	6	2	64	15	2861
2018	Supervisor	32	41	18	5	3	1	74	8	889
2018	Non-supervisor	27	37	22	8	4	2	65	12	2716

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	22	25	17	10	9	11	5	56	23	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	22	25	16	9	12	13	2	56	25	2705
2020	Supervisor	25	29	17	9	7	10	3	62	18	1084
2020	Non-supervisor	26	24	18	10	9	11	2	57	22	3134
2019	Supervisor	20	25	21	12	9	8	4	51	24	968
2019	Non-supervisor	21	23	19	13	11	11	2	51	28	2854
2018	Supervisor	23	27	20	11	8	7	4	57	21	890
2018	Non-supervisor	18	24	22	12	12	11	2	48	28	2720

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	27	37	18	11	6	1	0	65	17	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	28	32	17	10	9	3	1	62	21	2705
2020	Supervisor	31	35	17	10	6	1	0	67	16	1081
2020	Non-supervisor	29	31	18	11	7	2	1	62	19	3136
2019	Supervisor	21	34	19	16	9	1	0	56	25	965
2019	Non-supervisor	23	29	19	14	12	4	0	54	27	2860
2018	Supervisor	24	39	16	13	7	2	0	64	20	891
2018	Non-supervisor	21	30	18	15	12	3	0	53	28	2722

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	42	24	17	6	6	1	4	69	12	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	50	23	10	4	5	1	7	80	9	2705
2020	Supervisor	46	25	15	6	4	0	4	74	10	1087
2020	Non-supervisor	54	22	12	5	3	1	4	80	8	3141
2019	Supervisor	48	26	14	6	3	0	2	76	9	967
2019	Non-supervisor	54	23	11	4	3	1	4	81	7	2851

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	53	24	11	5	3	1	3	80	9	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	44	22	15	6	6	2	5	71	13	2700
2020	Supervisor	51	25	12	5	2	1	3	79	8	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	44	24	15	7	4	2	3	72	12	3133
2019	Supervisor	47	25	16	5	3	1	2	75	9	961
2019	Non-supervisor	37	24	17	9	7	2	4	65	17	2849

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	77	8	4	1	2	3	5	93	3	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	73	7	4	2	3	4	7	89	6	2705
2020	Supervisor	81	7	3	1	2	2	4	94	3	1084
2020	Non-supervisor	74	9	4	3	3	4	4	89	6	3124
2019	Supervisor	79	8	4	1	1	3	3	93	3	964
2019	Non-supervisor	69	9	5	3	3	4	5	87	7	2850

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	78	7	3	0	1	1	10	96	1	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	71	8	4	1	2	2	12	91	4	2705
2020	Supervisor	82	6	2	0	0	1	7	97	1	1079
2020	Non-supervisor	74	10	4	1	1	2	7	93	3	3136
2019	Supervisor	83	5	2	1	0	1	8	97	1	960
2019	Non-supervisor	73	7	3	2	2	3	10	92	4	2842

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	28	32	12	13	10	1	3	62	25	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	21	30	15	13	15	3	3	54	31	2705
2020	Supervisor	29	32	15	11	9	1	2	63	21	1085
2020	Non-supervisor	23	27	17	14	13	3	3	53	29	3137
2019	Supervisor	23	32	17	13	13	1	1	57	26	967
2019	Non-supervisor	20	27	17	14	17	3	2	50	33	2867
2018	Supervisor	26	36	14	12	10	1	1	63	22	889
2018	Non-supervisor	19	27	18	14	17	3	2	49	32	2719

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	31	42	14	7	3	2	0	75	11	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	25	38	19	9	5	3	1	66	14	2705
2020	Supervisor	32	46	13	6	1	2	0	80	7	1081
2020	Non-supervisor	26	42	17	8	4	3	0	70	12	3134
2019	Supervisor	26	48	15	7	3	1	0	75	10	968
2019	Non-supervisor	20	40	21	10	5	4	0	63	16	2861
2018	Supervisor	28	46	16	6	3	1	0	74	9	888
2018	Non-supervisor	20	35	24	11	6	3	0	57	18	2724

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	38	41	11	6	3	1	80	8	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	39	35	13	6	5	2	75	11	2705
2020	Supervisor	45	38	10	4	2	1	84	6	1076
2020	Non-supervisor	41	36	13	5	3	2	79	8	3124
2019	Supervisor	36	45	12	3	2	1	83	5	965
2019	Non-supervisor	35	38	15	6	3	2	75	10	2858
2018	Supervisor	46	40	10	2	1	1	86	3	890
2018	Non-supervisor	38	37	14	5	2	3	78	8	2722

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	41	37	13	3	2	3	0	81	5	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	37	34	13	4	3	8	1	78	7	2705
2020	Supervisor	48	35	11	3	1	2	0	85	4	1079
2020	Non-supervisor	42	32	14	4	2	5	1	79	7	3124
2019	Supervisor	40	41	13	2	1	3	1	83	4	960
2019	Non-supervisor	39	33	16	4	2	5	1	76	7	2855
2018	Supervisor	43	36	13	2	1	3	1	83	4	887
2018	Non-supervisor	37	34	17	4	2	6	0	76	7	2722

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	35	32	18	3	2	9	1	74	6	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	33	26	18	5	2	14	2	70	9	2705
2020	Supervisor	48	34	11	2	1	3	0	85	4	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	41	32	15	4	2	6	1	78	6	3138

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	52	29	7	4	2	3	2	86	7	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	43	30	9	4	4	6	4	81	9	2695
2020	Supervisor	56	28	7	3	2	2	1	87	6	1085
2020	Non-supervisor	45	30	10	5	4	4	2	79	10	3125

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	3	4	10	7	50	5	21	77	9	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	4	5	11	7	43	6	26	72	12	2700

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	11	21	27	3	2	32	3	50	8	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	11	16	21	3	4	40	6	49	13	2700

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	51	35	7	4	2	0	87	6	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	53	32	7	5	3	0	85	8	2705
2020	Supervisor	65	27	4	3	1	0	92	4	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	57	29	7	4	3	0	86	6	3132
2019	Supervisor	51	36	7	3	3	0	87	6	967
2019	Non-supervisor	49	32	10	5	4	0	81	9	2863
2018	Supervisor	52	37	7	2	2	0	89	4	892
2018	Non-supervisor	47	35	10	4	3	1	83	7	2703

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	48	32	11	5	4	0	80	9	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	45	30	12	7	5	1	76	12	2705
2020	Supervisor	56	28	10	4	2	0	84	6	1083
2020	Non-supervisor	50	29	12	5	4	1	79	9	3124
2019	Supervisor	41	34	14	6	4	0	75	11	968
2019	Non-supervisor	40	30	16	7	7	1	71	14	2859
2018	Supervisor	44	33	13	6	4	0	78	10	890
2018	Non-supervisor	38	31	17	8	6	1	69	14	2714

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	45	35	11	5	4	79	9	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	43	32	13	8	5	75	13	2705
2020	Supervisor	54	31	8	4	2	85	6	1081
2020	Non-supervisor	48	30	12	6	3	79	9	3118
2019	Supervisor	39	36	12	8	4	75	13	964
2019	Non-supervisor	38	33	15	9	5	71	14	2847
2018	Supervisor	43	35	13	6	4	77	10	888
2018	Non-supervisor	35	34	16	9	5	70	14	2704

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	43	27	16	7	5	2	0	71	12	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	38	25	17	9	7	4	1	66	16	2705
2020	Supervisor	51	23	13	6	4	2	0	76	10	1087
2020	Non-supervisor	45	25	15	7	5	3	1	72	13	3134
2019	Supervisor	39	28	18	9	5	1	1	68	14	966
2019	Non-supervisor	35	25	18	10	8	3	1	62	19	2868
2018	Supervisor	39	29	16	7	6	2	1	69	14	891
2018	Non-supervisor	33	26	18	12	7	3	1	61	20	2723

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Mobility and Retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	39	31	30	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	36	32	32	2705
2020	Supervisor	28	40	32	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	23	40	37	3143
2019	Supervisor	31	35	34	971
2019	Non-supervisor	28	36	37	2867
2018	Supervisor	27	39	34	893
2018	Non-supervisor	26	37	37	2727

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes, to retire (%)	Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Yes, other reason Specify other reason (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	22	38	28	3	0	8	395
2022	Non-supervisor	17	33	23	8	13	7	950
2020	Supervisor	22	37	32	3	0	6	315
2020	Non-supervisor	16	32	33	4	9	5	717
2019	Supervisor	20	30	36	9	1	5	309
2019	Non-supervisor	12	25	35	7	14	7	799
2018	Supervisor	20	31	34	5	2	8	246
2018	Non-supervisor	14	27	33	8	10	8	720

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Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	9	91	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	11	89	2705
2020	Supervisor	9	91	1085
2020	Non-supervisor	10	90	3139
2019	Supervisor	12	88	970
2019	Non-supervisor	15	85	2860
2018	Supervisor	12	88	892
2018	Non-supervisor	15	85	2732

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	36	64	95
2022	Non-supervisor	42	58	300
2020	Supervisor	41	59	97
2020	Non-supervisor	48	52	305
2019	Supervisor	44	56	117
2019	Non-supervisor	57	43	412
2018	Supervisor	39	61	105
2018	Non-supervisor	56	44	416

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	50	50	95
2022	Non-supervisor	63	37	300
2020	Supervisor	55	45	97
2020	Non-supervisor	61	39	305
2019	Supervisor	53	47	117
2019	Non-supervisor	60	40	412
2018	Supervisor	48	52	105
2018	Non-supervisor	59	41	416

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	23	77	95
2022	Non-supervisor	3	97	300
2020	Supervisor	28	72	97
2020	Non-supervisor	2	98	305
2019	Supervisor	27	73	117
2019	Non-supervisor	2	98	412
2018	Supervisor	25	75	105
2018	Non-supervisor	2	98	416

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	1	99	95
2022	Non-supervisor	1	99	300
2020	Supervisor	0	100	97
2020	Non-supervisor	0	100	305

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	11	89	95
2022	Non-supervisor	6	94	300
2020	Supervisor	8	92	97
2020	Non-supervisor	7	93	305

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	7	93	95
2022	Non-supervisor	9	91	300
2019	Supervisor	6	94	117
2019	Non-supervisor	9	91	412
2018	Supervisor	7	93	105
2018	Non-supervisor	10	90	416

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	2	98	95
2022	Non-supervisor	7	93	300
2020	Supervisor	6	94	97
2020	Non-supervisor	4	96	305

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	47	53	95
2022	Non-supervisor	36	64	300
2020	Supervisor	45	55	97
2020	Non-supervisor	39	61	305
2019	Supervisor	42	58	116
2019	Non-supervisor	38	62	407
2018	Supervisor	49	51	104
2018	Non-supervisor	35	65	415

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	41	59	95
2022	Non-supervisor	42	58	300
2020	Supervisor	34	66	97
2020	Non-supervisor	40	60	305
2019	Supervisor	38	62	116
2019	Non-supervisor	43	57	407
2018	Supervisor	42	58	104
2018	Non-supervisor	40	60	415

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	41	59	95
2022	Non-supervisor	48	52	300
2020	Supervisor	46	54	97
2020	Non-supervisor	47	53	305
2019	Supervisor	38	62	116
2019	Non-supervisor	48	52	407
2018	Supervisor	49	51	104
2018	Non-supervisor	50	50	415

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	40	60	95
2022	Non-supervisor	38	62	300
2020	Supervisor	44	56	97
2020	Non-supervisor	38	62	305
2019	Supervisor	44	56	116
2019	Non-supervisor	42	58	407
2018	Supervisor	37	63	104
2018	Non-supervisor	39	61	415

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	35	65	95
2022	Non-supervisor	31	69	300
2020	Supervisor	37	63	97
2020	Non-supervisor	38	62	305
2019	Supervisor	31	69	116
2019	Non-supervisor	38	62	407
2018	Supervisor	35	65	104
2018	Non-supervisor	38	62	415

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	57	43	95
2022	Non-supervisor	55	45	300
2020	Supervisor	57	43	97
2020	Non-supervisor	51	49	305
2019	Supervisor	58	42	116
2019	Non-supervisor	54	46	407
2018	Supervisor	63	37	104
2018	Non-supervisor	53	47	415

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	52	48	95
2022	Non-supervisor	35	65	300
2020	Supervisor	49	51	97
2020	Non-supervisor	35	65	305
2019	Supervisor	37	63	116
2019	Non-supervisor	33	67	407
2018	Supervisor	41	59	104
2018	Non-supervisor	28	72	415

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	0	100	95
2022	Non-supervisor	1	99	300
2019	Supervisor	0	100	116
2019	Non-supervisor	2	98	407

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	2	98	95
2022	Non-supervisor	3	97	300
2020	Supervisor	5	95	97
2020	Non-supervisor	5	95	305
2019	Supervisor	11	89	116
2019	Non-supervisor	10	90	407
2018	Supervisor	9	91	104
2018	Non-supervisor	10	90	415

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	18	82	95
2022	Non-supervisor	11	89	300
2020	Supervisor	8	92	97
2020	Non-supervisor	10	90	305
2019	Supervisor	11	89	116
2019	Non-supervisor	8	92	407
2018	Supervisor	12	88	104
2018	Non-supervisor	8	92	415

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	32	68	95
2022	Non-supervisor	56	44	300
2020	Supervisor	39	61	97
2020	Non-supervisor	47	53	305
2019	Supervisor	44	56	116
2019	Non-supervisor	49	51	407
2018	Supervisor	35	65	104
2018	Non-supervisor	45	55	415

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	27	73	95
2022	Non-supervisor	20	80	300
2020	Supervisor	30	70	97
2020	Non-supervisor	22	78	305
2019	Supervisor	25	75	116
2019	Non-supervisor	22	78	407
2018	Supervisor	34	66	104
2018	Non-supervisor	22	78	415

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	13	87	95
2022	Non-supervisor	15	85	300
2020	Supervisor	19	81	97
2020	Non-supervisor	15	85	305
2019	Supervisor	12	88	116
2019	Non-supervisor	15	85	407
2018	Supervisor	10	90	104
2018	Non-supervisor	14	86	415

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	65	35	95
2022	Non-supervisor	49	51	305
2020	Supervisor	63	37	97
2020	Non-supervisor	48	52	305
2019	Supervisor	58	42	116
2019	Non-supervisor	52	48	402
2018	Supervisor	66	34	105
2018	Non-supervisor	55	45	415

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	27	73	95
2022	Non-supervisor	21	79	305
2020	Supervisor	25	75	97
2020	Non-supervisor	27	73	305
2019	Supervisor	35	65	116
2019	Non-supervisor	26	74	402
2018	Supervisor	42	58	105
2018	Non-supervisor	21	79	415

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	24	76	95
2022	Non-supervisor	9	91	305
2020	Supervisor	21	79	97
2020	Non-supervisor	9	91	305
2019	Supervisor	20	80	116
2019	Non-supervisor	9	91	402
2018	Supervisor	16	84	105
2018	Non-supervisor	7	93	415

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	8	92	95
2022	Non-supervisor	22	78	305
2020	Supervisor	12	88	97
2020	Non-supervisor	21	79	305
2019	Supervisor	12	88	116
2019	Non-supervisor	26	74	402
2018	Supervisor	8	92	105
2018	Non-supervisor	19	81	415

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	12	88	95
2022	Non-supervisor	8	92	305
2020	Supervisor	11	89	97
2020	Non-supervisor	7	93	305
2019	Supervisor	7	93	116
2019	Non-supervisor	8	92	402
2018	Supervisor	8	92	105
2018	Non-supervisor	6	94	415

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	9	91	95
2022	Non-supervisor	12	88	305
2019	Supervisor	5	95	116
2019	Non-supervisor	9	91	402
2018	Supervisor	5	95	105
2018	Non-supervisor	7	93	415

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	90	95
2022	Non-supervisor	6	94	305
2020	Supervisor	17	83	97
2020	Non-supervisor	12	88	305
2019	Supervisor	14	86	116
2019	Non-supervisor	11	89	402
2018	Supervisor	17	83	105
2018	Non-supervisor	14	86	415

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	12	88	95
2022	Non-supervisor	9	91	305
2020	Supervisor	17	83	97
2020	Non-supervisor	10	90	305
2019	Supervisor	8	92	116
2019	Non-supervisor	12	88	402
2018	Supervisor	12	88	105
2018	Non-supervisor	12	88	415

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	21	79	95
2022	Non-supervisor	32	68	305
2020	Supervisor	20	80	97
2020	Non-supervisor	29	71	305
2019	Supervisor	25	75	116
2019	Non-supervisor	25	75	402
2018	Supervisor	16	84	105
2018	Non-supervisor	26	74	415

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	14	86	85
2022	Non-supervisor	9	91	265
2019	Supervisor	8	92	111
2019	Non-supervisor	9	91	367
2018	Supervisor	13	87	100
2018	Non-supervisor	10	90	386

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	11	89	85
2022	Non-supervisor	17	83	265
2019	Supervisor	24	76	111
2019	Non-supervisor	22	78	367
2018	Supervisor	14	86	100
2018	Non-supervisor	20	80	386

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	4	96	85
2022	Non-supervisor	11	89	265
2019	Supervisor	5	95	111
2019	Non-supervisor	9	91	367
2018	Supervisor	6	94	100
2018	Non-supervisor	6	94	386

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	3	97	85
2022	Non-supervisor	7	93	265
2019	Supervisor	8	92	111
2019	Non-supervisor	6	94	367
2018	Supervisor	12	88	100
2018	Non-supervisor	8	92	386

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	17	83	85
2022	Non-supervisor	8	92	265
2019	Supervisor	8	92	111
2019	Non-supervisor	11	89	367
2018	Supervisor	16	84	100
2018	Non-supervisor	9	91	386

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	8	92	85
2022	Non-supervisor	7	93	265
2019	Supervisor	10	90	111
2019	Non-supervisor	9	91	367
2018	Supervisor	14	86	100
2018	Non-supervisor	7	93	386

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	12	88	85
2022	Non-supervisor	11	89	265
2019	Supervisor	11	89	111
2019	Non-supervisor	9	91	367
2018	Supervisor	12	88	100
2018	Non-supervisor	13	87	386

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	7	93	85
2022	Non-supervisor	14	86	265
2019	Supervisor	8	92	111
2019	Non-supervisor	8	92	367
2018	Supervisor	9	91	100
2018	Non-supervisor	10	90	386

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	9	91	85
2022	Non-supervisor	12	88	265
2019	Supervisor	13	87	111
2019	Non-supervisor	9	91	367
2018	Supervisor	8	92	100
2018	Non-supervisor	9	91	386

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	21	79	85
2022	Non-supervisor	30	70	265
2019	Supervisor	25	75	111
2019	Non-supervisor	30	70	367
2018	Supervisor	25	75	100
2018	Non-supervisor	31	69	386

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	8	92	85
2022	Non-supervisor	7	93	265
2019	Supervisor	8	92	111
2019	Non-supervisor	8	92	367
2018	Supervisor	10	90	100
2018	Non-supervisor	9	91	386

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	36	64	85
2022	Non-supervisor	44	56	265
2019	Supervisor	42	58	111
2019	Non-supervisor	47	53	367
2018	Supervisor	39	61	100
2018	Non-supervisor	46	54	386

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	1	99	85
2022	Non-supervisor	2	98	265

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	43	57	85
2022	Non-supervisor	56	44	265
2019	Supervisor	56	44	111
2019	Non-supervisor	58	42	367
2018	Supervisor	49	51	100
2018	Non-supervisor	53	47	386

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	0	100	85
2022	Non-supervisor	3	97	265

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	26	74	85
2022	Non-supervisor	14	86	265
2019	Supervisor	16	84	111
2019	Non-supervisor	13	87	367
2018	Supervisor	18	82	100
2018	Non-supervisor	12	88	386

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	18	19	12	5	5	34	8	63	17	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	15	13	12	4	7	37	11	55	21	2705
2020	Supervisor	22	25	16	5	4	22	5	66	12	1083
2020	Non-supervisor	20	16	17	5	5	29	7	57	16	3134
2019	Supervisor	19	22	20	7	5	22	5	56	16	966
2019	Non-supervisor	17	14	20	7	8	27	8	47	22	2865
2018	Supervisor	20	25	20	7	5	18	4	59	15	887
2018	Non-supervisor	15	16	24	6	7	26	6	46	19	2723

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	33	35	15	4	2	10	1	76	8	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	32	30	13	5	5	14	2	73	12	2705
2020	Supervisor	40	36	12	4	2	5	1	81	6	1079
2020	Non-supervisor	36	29	15	5	4	9	1	73	10	3140
2019	Supervisor	34	35	16	6	3	6	0	73	10	967
2019	Non-supervisor	31	27	18	7	5	10	1	66	14	2864
2018	Supervisor	33	35	17	5	4	5	0	73	10	890
2018	Non-supervisor	28	30	19	6	5	10	1	65	13	2720

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Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	5	95	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	8	92	2705
2020	Supervisor	4	96	1085
2020	Non-supervisor	7	93	3136
2019	Supervisor	3	97	970
2019	Non-supervisor	9	91	2867
2018	Supervisor	5	95	893
2018	Non-supervisor	7	93	2721

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	23	77	50
2022	Non-supervisor	26	74	210
2020	Supervisor	33	67	43
2020	Non-supervisor	34	66	224
2019	Supervisor	44	56	33
2019	Non-supervisor	41	59	236
2018	Supervisor	33	67	43
2018	Non-supervisor	41	59	197

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	69	31	50
2022	Non-supervisor	77	23	210
2020	Supervisor	70	30	43
2020	Non-supervisor	70	30	224
2019	Supervisor	66	34	33
2019	Non-supervisor	72	28	236
2018	Supervisor	79	21	43
2018	Non-supervisor	75	25	197

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	9	91	50
2022	Non-supervisor	1	99	210
2019	Supervisor	15	85	33
2019	Non-supervisor	3	97	236

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	0	100	50
2022	Non-supervisor	1	99	210
2020	Supervisor	0	100	43
2020	Non-supervisor	0	100	224

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	90	50
2022	Non-supervisor	8	92	210
2018	Supervisor	12	88	43
2018	Non-supervisor	6	94	197

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	2	98	50
2022	Non-supervisor	10	90	210

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	90	50
2022	Non-supervisor	14	86	210
2019	Supervisor	0	100	33
2019	Non-supervisor	10	90	236

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	23	77	50
2022	Non-supervisor	21	79	210
2020	Supervisor	16	84	43
2020	Non-supervisor	23	77	224
2019	Supervisor	27	73	32
2019	Non-supervisor	24	76	232
2018	Supervisor	20	80	43
2018	Non-supervisor	13	87	197

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	18	82	50
2022	Non-supervisor	20	80	210
2020	Supervisor	21	79	43
2020	Non-supervisor	21	79	224
2019	Supervisor	21	79	32
2019	Non-supervisor	18	82	232
2018	Supervisor	17	83	43
2018	Non-supervisor	20	80	197

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	12	88	50
2022	Non-supervisor	13	87	210
2020	Supervisor	16	84	43
2020	Non-supervisor	11	89	224
2019	Supervisor	15	85	32
2019	Non-supervisor	16	84	232
2018	Supervisor	17	83	43
2018	Non-supervisor	5	95	197

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	9	91	50
2022	Non-supervisor	8	92	210
2020	Supervisor	0	100	43
2020	Non-supervisor	4	96	224
2019	Supervisor	0	100	32
2019	Non-supervisor	7	93	232

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	21	79	50
2022	Non-supervisor	27	73	210
2020	Supervisor	18	82	43
2020	Non-supervisor	26	74	224
2019	Supervisor	37	63	32
2019	Non-supervisor	26	74	232
2018	Supervisor	27	73	43
2018	Non-supervisor	30	70	197

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	37	63	50
2022	Non-supervisor	23	77	210
2020	Supervisor	24	76	43
2020	Non-supervisor	29	71	224
2019	Supervisor	28	72	32
2019	Non-supervisor	34	66	232
2018	Supervisor	37	63	43
2018	Non-supervisor	29	71	197

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	12	88	50
2022	Non-supervisor	2	98	210

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	4	96	50
2022	Non-supervisor	1	99	210
2019	Supervisor	0	100	32
2019	Non-supervisor	5	95	232

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	7	93	50
2022	Non-supervisor	7	93	210
2018	Supervisor	10	90	43
2018	Non-supervisor	6	94	197

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	90	50
2022	Non-supervisor	13	87	210
2020	Supervisor	17	83	43
2020	Non-supervisor	17	83	224
2018	Supervisor	13	87	43
2018	Non-supervisor	14	86	197

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	2	98	50
2022	Non-supervisor	3	97	210
2020	Supervisor	0	100	43
2020	Non-supervisor	0	100	224

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	90	50
2022	Non-supervisor	14	86	210

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	100	50
2022	Non-supervisor	100	210
2020	Supervisor	100	43
2020	Non-supervisor	100	224
2019	Supervisor	100	32
2019	Non-supervisor	100	232

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	13	87	50
2022	Non-supervisor	25	75	210
2020	Supervisor	19	81	43
2020	Non-supervisor	19	81	224
2019	Supervisor	21	79	32
2019	Non-supervisor	21	79	232
2018	Supervisor	24	76	43
2018	Non-supervisor	25	75	197

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	21	79	50
2022	Non-supervisor	35	65	210
2020	Supervisor	33	67	43
2020	Non-supervisor	31	69	224
2019	Supervisor	21	79	32
2019	Non-supervisor	31	69	226
2018	Supervisor	37	63	43
2018	Non-supervisor	36	64	198

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	14	86	50
2022	Non-supervisor	18	82	210
2020	Supervisor	22	78	43
2020	Non-supervisor	16	84	224
2018	Supervisor	23	77	43
2018	Non-supervisor	15	85	198

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	6	94	50
2022	Non-supervisor	7	93	210
2020	Supervisor	14	86	43
2020	Non-supervisor	6	94	224
2019	Supervisor	0	100	32
2019	Non-supervisor	6	94	226

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	9	91	50
2022	Non-supervisor	25	75	210
2020	Supervisor	13	87	43
2020	Non-supervisor	19	81	224

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	0	100	50
2022	Non-supervisor	7	93	210
2019	Supervisor	0	100	32
2019	Non-supervisor	4	96	226

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	6	94	50
2022	Non-supervisor	13	87	210

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	90	50
2022	Non-supervisor	5	95	210
2018	Supervisor	11	89	43
2018	Non-supervisor	8	92	198

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	11	89	50
2022	Non-supervisor	9	91	210
2018	Supervisor	11	89	43
2018	Non-supervisor	11	89	198

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	51	49	50
2022	Non-supervisor	47	53	210
2020	Supervisor	39	61	43
2020	Non-supervisor	49	51	224
2019	Supervisor	57	43	32
2019	Non-supervisor	47	53	226
2018	Supervisor	39	61	43
2018	Non-supervisor	43	57	198

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	4	96	50
2022	Non-supervisor	3	97	180

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	6	94	50
2022	Non-supervisor	14	86	180

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	2	98	50
2022	Non-supervisor	2	98	180
2018	Supervisor	0	100	40
2018	Non-supervisor	3	97	177

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	5	95	50
2022	Non-supervisor	1	99	180

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	7	93	50
2022	Non-supervisor	4	96	180

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	0	100	50
2022	Non-supervisor	4	96	180

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	9	91	50
2022	Non-supervisor	9	91	180
2018	Supervisor	14	86	40
2018	Non-supervisor	6	94	177

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	90	50
2022	Non-supervisor	14	86	180

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	16	84	50
2022	Non-supervisor	13	87	180

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	27	73	50
2022	Non-supervisor	27	73	180
2018	Supervisor	25	75	40
2018	Non-supervisor	23	77	177

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	4	96	50
2022	Non-supervisor	9	91	180

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	49	51	50
2022	Non-supervisor	51	49	180
2018	Supervisor	43	57	40
2018	Non-supervisor	37	63	177

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	2	98	50
2022	Non-supervisor	4	96	180

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	54	46	50
2022	Non-supervisor	66	34	180
2018	Supervisor	62	38	40
2018	Non-supervisor	61	39	177

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	0	100	50
2022	Non-supervisor	1	99	180

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	8	92	50
2022	Non-supervisor	17	83	180
2018	Supervisor	15	85	40
2018	Non-supervisor	13	87	177

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	20	17	15	2	2	37	7	65	8	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	17	14	15	3	4	39	8	58	13	2705
2020	Supervisor	25	24	16	2	2	26	5	71	6	1085
2020	Non-supervisor	23	16	18	4	3	30	6	61	11	3135
2019	Supervisor	21	19	22	2	2	28	5	60	6	967
2019	Non-supervisor	17	13	21	4	5	32	8	51	14	2865
2018	Supervisor	23	24	21	3	2	23	5	65	6	888
2018	Non-supervisor	17	14	26	3	4	30	6	49	11	2723

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	34	34	16	3	2	10	1	77	6	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	32	30	14	4	4	14	2	74	9	2705
2020	Supervisor	43	35	13	2	2	5	0	82	4	1083
2020	Non-supervisor	38	28	17	3	3	10	1	74	7	3136
2019	Supervisor	36	33	18	2	2	9	0	76	4	966
2019	Non-supervisor	32	26	18	5	4	14	2	69	10	2859
2018	Supervisor	35	33	18	3	2	8	1	75	5	887
2018	Non-supervisor	29	28	21	4	3	13	1	66	9	2721

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	0	17	35	0	40	9	0	18	44	10
2022	Non-supervisor	0	3	21	13	33	28	2	4	65	45

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Stress and Well-Being

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	31	27	19	10	12	1	59	22	1015
2022	Non-supervisor	27	26	18	12	16	2	54	28	2695
2020	Supervisor	33	26	18	10	12	1	60	22	1084
2020	Non-supervisor	30	27	20	11	11	1	58	22	3131
2019	Supervisor	21	27	21	14	17	1	48	31	971
2019	Non-supervisor	23	27	20	12	17	1	50	30	2862
2018	Supervisor	19	25	24	14	18	1	44	32	892
2018	Non-supervisor	22	25	22	14	17	1	47	31	2721

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	6	19	27	23	24	0	25	48	1015
2022	Non-supervisor	21	30	26	11	10	1	52	21	2695
2020	Supervisor	7	19	28	26	20	0	27	46	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	23	32	26	12	7	0	55	19	3138
2019	Supervisor	8	24	29	22	16	0	32	38	967
2019	Non-supervisor	24	31	24	11	8	1	56	20	2861
2018	Supervisor	6	21	31	23	20	0	26	42	894
2018	Non-supervisor	19	30	27	14	9	1	49	23	2725

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	11	27	28	18	17	0	0	38	35	1015
2022	Non-supervisor	32	31	20	9	6	1	2	64	16	2690
2020	Supervisor	11	29	28	19	13	0	0	40	32	1081
2020	Non-supervisor	35	32	18	9	4	0	1	68	13	3132
2019	Supervisor	12	32	26	17	11	0	1	45	29	968
2019	Non-supervisor	33	33	20	8	5	0	1	67	14	2849
2018	Supervisor	9	26	31	20	13	0	0	35	33	889
2018	Non-supervisor	27	33	23	10	6	0	1	60	16	2715

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	8	20	25	21	25	0	0	29	46	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	24	25	21	14	14	1	2	50	29	2695
2020	Supervisor	13	24	26	19	18	0	0	37	38	1080
2020	Non-supervisor	32	28	18	11	9	1	2	61	21	3128
2019	Supervisor	11	26	27	18	17	0	1	37	36	964
2019	Non-supervisor	27	26	20	13	12	1	1	54	25	2849
2018	Supervisor	9	25	26	23	17	0	0	34	40	887
2018	Non-supervisor	23	27	23	14	11	1	2	51	26	2720

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	25	28	18	14	12	0	2	54	27	1015
2022	Non-supervisor	52	26	9	3	3	1	6	83	7	2695
2020	Supervisor	24	29	21	14	10	0	1	54	24	1078
2020	Non-supervisor	54	25	10	4	2	1	4	83	7	3121
2019	Supervisor	32	30	18	10	8	0	2	63	18	964
2019	Non-supervisor	57	24	9	3	2	0	4	85	5	2856
2018	Supervisor	27	32	21	12	8	0	1	59	20	890
2018	Non-supervisor	51	25	12	3	2	1	6	82	5	2712

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	19	28	24	16	13	0	47	29	1015
2022	Non-supervisor	37	30	16	8	8	1	67	17	2700
2020	Supervisor	20	27	23	17	13	0	46	30	1087
2020	Non-supervisor	36	29	19	10	6	1	65	16	3131
2019	Supervisor	21	31	23	13	11	0	52	24	970
2019	Non-supervisor	39	29	17	7	6	1	69	13	2856
2018	Supervisor	19	29	24	16	11	0	49	27	893
2018	Non-supervisor	36	29	20	8	6	1	66	14	2723

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	27	36	21	9	6	0	1	63	16	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	34	33	17	8	6	1	2	69	14	2695
2020	Supervisor	30	41	20	6	3	0	0	71	9	1077
2020	Non-supervisor	36	35	17	7	3	1	1	72	11	3132
2019	Supervisor	23	42	21	8	6	0	0	65	14	965
2019	Non-supervisor	31	36	18	8	5	1	1	68	14	2850
2018	Supervisor	19	44	23	9	5	0	0	63	13	890
2018	Non-supervisor	26	34	23	10	5	1	1	61	15	2719

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	15	31	25	17	12	0	0	46	28	1015
2022	Non-supervisor	29	32	21	9	7	1	1	62	16	2700
2020	Supervisor	18	36	25	14	6	0	0	54	21	1075
2020	Non-supervisor	31	35	19	9	4	1	1	67	14	3131
2019	Supervisor	13	33	28	17	9	0	0	47	25	964
2019	Non-supervisor	26	34	21	11	7	0	1	61	18	2855
2018	Supervisor	11	34	32	14	9	0	0	45	23	891
2018	Non-supervisor	22	33	23	14	6	1	1	57	20	2723

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	27	34	20	10	8	0	0	61	19	1015
2022	Non-supervisor	33	31	19	8	7	0	1	65	16	2695
2020	Supervisor	29	37	19	8	6	0	0	67	14	1078
2020	Non-supervisor	34	32	18	11	5	0	1	67	15	3129
2019	Supervisor	23	36	23	12	7	0	0	59	18	962
2019	Non-supervisor	28	32	19	11	8	0	1	61	20	2853
2018	Supervisor	19	39	25	11	6	0	0	58	17	888
2018	Non-supervisor	24	32	21	14	7	1	1	57	21	2716

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	45	28	12	7	6	0	1	74	13	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	47	26	13	6	6	1	1	74	12	2695
2020	Supervisor	49	28	14	6	3	0	0	77	9	1072
2020	Non-supervisor	47	26	13	7	5	1	1	74	12	3117
2019	Supervisor	44	31	13	6	6	0	0	76	12	964
2019	Non-supervisor	45	26	13	9	6	0	1	72	15	2848

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	56	24	12	4	3	1	81	7	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	57	24	11	4	3	1	82	7	2700
2020	Supervisor	28	36	22	9	4	0	65	13	1073
2020	Non-supervisor	31	32	21	10	6	1	63	16	3124

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	26	31	23	12	8	0	57	20	1015
2022	Non-supervisor	36	31	18	8	6	1	68	14	2695
2020	Supervisor	19	32	25	15	8	0	51	23	1076
2020	Non-supervisor	32	33	19	9	5	1	66	15	3133
2019	Supervisor	22	33	23	14	8	0	55	22	959
2019	Non-supervisor	35	32	18	9	5	1	67	14	2846
2018	Supervisor	18	27	27	17	10	0	46	27	884
2018	Non-supervisor	27	32	22	11	6	1	60	18	2714

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	56	23	12	5	3	0	1	80	8	1015
2022	Non-supervisor	59	21	9	4	5	1	2	82	9	2690
2020	Supervisor	57	27	10	3	1	0	1	85	5	1078
2020	Non-supervisor	55	27	11	4	2	0	1	83	6	3105
2019	Supervisor	52	27	13	5	2	0	1	80	7	962
2019	Non-supervisor	54	24	12	5	3	0	1	79	9	2845
2018	Supervisor	51	29	13	4	3	0	1	80	7	882
2018	Non-supervisor	53	24	12	5	4	0	2	79	8	2706

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	47	31	14	5	3	0	78	8	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	47	32	12	5	4	1	79	9	2695
2020	Supervisor	36	37	18	7	2	0	73	9	1081
2020	Non-supervisor	33	36	20	7	4	0	69	11	3116

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	77	11	4	1	1	0	7	94	2	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	72	13	4	2	2	1	7	92	4	2695
2020	Supervisor	78	14	3	1	0	0	3	96	1	1078
2020	Non-supervisor	70	17	5	2	1	1	4	92	3	3121
2019	Supervisor	78	10	4	1	1	0	6	93	2	963
2019	Non-supervisor	70	13	6	2	2	1	6	89	5	2845
2018	Supervisor	71	16	6	2	2	0	3	89	5	888
2018	Non-supervisor	67	16	6	3	2	1	5	88	5	2709

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	78	10	4	2	2	2	3	91	4	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	75	10	3	2	4	1	4	90	6	2700
2020	Supervisor	81	9	4	2	2	1	3	93	3	1073
2020	Non-supervisor	78	10	4	2	2	1	3	90	5	3114
2019	Supervisor	76	11	4	3	3	0	2	89	6	964
2019	Non-supervisor	70	12	6	4	5	1	3	85	9	2859
2018	Supervisor	73	16	5	2	3	0	2	90	5	885
2018	Non-supervisor	67	14	7	4	4	1	3	85	8	2716

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	65	23	7	2	1	0	1	89	4	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	68	18	6	2	2	1	3	90	4	2695
2020	Supervisor	65	23	7	3	2	0	1	89	4	1072
2020	Non-supervisor	70	20	6	2	1	0	1	91	3	3103
2019	Supervisor	54	30	10	3	1	0	1	86	4	959
2019	Non-supervisor	55	25	11	4	3	0	2	82	7	2849
2018	Supervisor	53	29	12	2	3	0	1	83	5	891
2018	Non-supervisor	54	26	11	4	3	0	2	82	7	2727

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	65	19	8	4	3	0	1	85	7	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	65	18	5	3	5	1	2	86	9	2690
2020	Supervisor	70	16	7	4	3	0	1	87	7	1073
2020	Non-supervisor	67	16	8	4	4	0	1	85	8	3123
2019	Supervisor	63	19	8	4	4	0	1	83	9	960
2019	Non-supervisor	60	17	9	5	6	0	1	79	12	2847
2018	Supervisor	56	24	11	4	4	0	1	81	8	890
2018	Non-supervisor	56	20	11	6	5	0	2	77	11	2715

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	52	29	12	4	2	0	1	82	6	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	64	5	1	0	1	1	28	96	2	2690
2020	Supervisor	49	30	13	4	3	0	1	80	7	1082
2020	Non-supervisor	66	4	1	0	0	0	28	98	1	3123
2019	Supervisor	42	34	15	5	3	0	1	77	9	958
2019	Non-supervisor	61	5	2	1	1	0	31	96	2	2830
2018	Supervisor	39	36	17	6	3	0	0	75	9	889
2018	Non-supervisor	55	4	2	1	0	0	36	94	2	2700

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	67	20	7	2	1	0	2	89	3	1015
2022	Non-supervisor	71	16	6	1	1	1	5	92	2	2690
2020	Supervisor	64	22	7	3	1	0	2	88	4	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	68	20	6	2	1	0	3	91	3	3130
2019	Supervisor	63	24	8	2	1	0	1	88	4	960
2019	Non-supervisor	66	19	7	2	1	1	4	89	3	2845
2018	Supervisor	59	26	10	2	2	0	1	85	5	884
2018	Non-supervisor	61	21	8	2	1	0	7	87	4	2715

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	80	12	3	1	1	0	2	94	3	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	69	14	6	3	4	1	4	87	7	2700
2020	Supervisor	77	14	4	2	2	0	1	92	4	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	64	19	8	3	4	1	2	86	6	3136
2019	Supervisor	83	12	3	0	1	0	1	96	1	962
2019	Non-supervisor	70	15	5	3	3	0	3	88	6	2855
2018	Supervisor	80	14	4	1	1	0	1	95	2	888
2018	Non-supervisor	66	17	7	3	3	1	4	86	7	2723

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	52	29	13	4	2	0	1	82	5	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	53	26	12	4	3	1	2	81	7	2695
2020	Supervisor	47	33	14	4	2	0	1	80	6	1084
2020	Non-supervisor	46	30	15	5	2	0	2	77	7	3139
2019	Supervisor	57	26	12	3	2	0	1	84	4	960
2019	Non-supervisor	52	27	12	4	2	0	2	82	6	2857
2018	Supervisor	51	33	11	3	1	0	1	85	4	887
2018	Non-supervisor	46	30	13	4	2	0	3	79	7	2720

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	5	24	43	20	9	29	29	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	12	36	37	10	4	49	14	2705
2020	Supervisor	8	29	40	17	5	37	22	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	17	39	31	8	3	57	12	3137
2019	Supervisor	9	30	39	17	6	39	22	971
2019	Non-supervisor	18	39	30	9	4	57	13	2864
2018	Supervisor	6	28	42	17	6	34	23	896
2018	Non-supervisor	16	35	35	10	3	51	14	2730

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	13	26	41	15	4	20	39	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	5	17	38	25	14	39	22	2700
2020	Supervisor	14	28	38	17	3	20	42	1080
2020	Non-supervisor	8	14	39	27	12	39	22	3135
2019	Supervisor	12	23	41	18	6	24	35	962
2019	Non-supervisor	7	16	37	26	13	40	23	2836
2018	Supervisor	12	25	39	18	5	23	38	888
2018	Non-supervisor	7	16	38	25	13	38	23	2710

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	31	39	17	7	3	2	72	11	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	27	39	16	8	4	5	70	13	2705
2020	Supervisor	49	39	8	2	1	1	89	4	1082
2020	Non-supervisor	45	36	11	4	2	1	83	6	3135
2019	Supervisor	26	41	18	10	3	2	69	13	961
2019	Non-supervisor	26	37	19	9	5	5	65	15	2857
2018	Supervisor	26	42	17	8	4	3	71	12	891
2018	Non-supervisor	23	38	22	9	4	4	64	14	2720

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	28	39	19	4	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	13	28	34	20	5	2705

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	53	29	9	4	3	2	0	84	7	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	56	25	10	3	3	3	1	83	7	2705
2020	Supervisor	56	27	10	3	2	1	0	84	5	1072
2020	Non-supervisor	53	25	11	4	3	3	1	81	8	3133

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	48	29	9	9	5	1	77	14	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	48	25	10	8	8	2	74	16	2705
2020	Supervisor	45	30	10	10	5	0	75	14	1079
2020	Non-supervisor	44	26	10	10	8	1	71	19	3126

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	55	31	5	5	3	0	87	8	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	55	26	7	5	5	1	83	10	2705
2020	Supervisor	59	27	6	5	2	0	87	7	1082
2020	Non-supervisor	53	27	8	6	4	1	81	11	3131

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	29	43	12	9	6	1	73	14	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	32	37	14	9	6	2	71	15	2705
2020	Supervisor	40	37	12	7	3	0	77	11	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	41	32	14	8	4	1	74	12	3133
2019	Supervisor	22	40	20	11	6	1	63	17	969
2019	Non-supervisor	25	35	18	12	8	2	61	21	2862
2018	Supervisor	23	42	17	11	6	1	66	17	890
2018	Non-supervisor	23	35	20	11	7	3	60	19	2727

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	19	52	12	13	3	1	0	72	16	1020
2020	Supervisor	24	45	14	12	3	1	1	71	15	1087
2019	Supervisor	17	44	17	13	5	3	2	64	19	969

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Duty to Accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	9	91	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	9	91	2705
2020	Supervisor	8	92	1082
2020	Non-supervisor	11	89	3130
2019	Supervisor	12	88	969
2019	Non-supervisor	16	84	2862

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	52	48	95
2022	Non-supervisor	51	49	245
2020	Supervisor	49	51	88
2020	Non-supervisor	41	59	339

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	80	20	95
2022	Non-supervisor	61	39	245
2020	Supervisor	85	15	87
2020	Non-supervisor	77	23	341
2019	Supervisor	80	20	120
2019	Non-supervisor	78	22	457

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	36	50	8	6	0	0	0	86	6	75
2022	Non-supervisor	41	34	9	9	7	0	0	75	16	155
2020	Supervisor	53	29	8	7	1	0	1	83	9	74
2020	Non-supervisor	53	30	10	6	1	0	0	83	7	260
2019	Supervisor	42	41	4	6	6	0	0	83	13	94
2019	Non-supervisor	44	32	8	11	3	1	1	77	15	356

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	47	34	7	4	2	3	1	86	7	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	46	30	9	5	3	4	3	82	8	2705
2020	Supervisor	55	29	8	3	1	2	2	88	4	1085
2020	Non-supervisor	50	27	10	4	3	3	3	82	7	3130

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Compensation

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	39	47	12	1	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	31	52	15	1	2705
2020	Supervisor	45	42	13	0	1086
2020	Non-supervisor	37	43	19	2	3146

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	25	75	400
2022	Non-supervisor	34	66	840
2020	Supervisor	31	69	483
2020	Non-supervisor	34	66	1188

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	7	13	14	18	41	1	5	21	64	400
2022	Non-supervisor	8	13	15	18	40	2	4	23	61	840
2020	Supervisor	5	14	13	25	39	0	4	19	68	481
2020	Non-supervisor	8	17	16	19	35	1	4	26	57	1190

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	3	7	13	17	45	3	13	12	73	400
2022	Non-supervisor	5	10	12	21	43	3	6	16	70	840
2020	Supervisor	3	10	11	23	44	1	8	14	74	483
2020	Non-supervisor	6	13	14	19	40	2	6	20	65	1190

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	40	19	13	7	9	1	11	68	18	1020
2022	Non-supervisor	37	15	12	7	7	3	19	67	18	2705
2020	Supervisor	44	16	15	10	8	0	7	65	19	1085
2020	Non-supervisor	39	16	12	8	9	3	12	66	20	3143
2019	Supervisor	41	19	13	10	11	0	5	63	23	962
2019	Non-supervisor	39	17	14	10	11	1	8	61	23	2831
2018	Supervisor	43	18	15	8	10	1	5	65	19	891
2018	Non-supervisor	41	15	14	10	11	2	8	62	23	2724

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Hybrid Work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?
Survey year	Demographic	20% (1 out of 5 days) (%)	40% (2 out of 5 days) (%)	60% (3 out of 5 days) (%)	80% (4 out of 5 days) (%)	Other Please specify (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	37	25	10	3	25	900
2022	Non-supervisor	40	15	7	3	35	2205

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	53	47	950
2022	Non-supervisor	56	44	2360

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	39	61	950
2022	Non-supervisor	35	65	2360

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	68	32	950
2022	Non-supervisor	51	49	2360

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	51	49	950
2022	Non-supervisor	38	62	2360

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	35	65	950
2022	Non-supervisor	21	79	2360

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	65	35	950
2022	Non-supervisor	33	67	2360

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	35	65	950
2022	Non-supervisor	16	84	2360

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	13	87	950
2022	Non-supervisor	20	80	2360

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	14	86	950
2022	Non-supervisor	16	84	2360

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	36	64	950
2022	Non-supervisor	20	80	2360

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	29	71	950
2022	Non-supervisor	29	71	2360

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	4	96	950
2022	Non-supervisor	5	95	2360

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	10	90	950
2022	Non-supervisor	18	82	2360

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	79	14	3	1	1	0	1	94	3	950
2022	Non-supervisor	80	11	3	1	1	0	4	94	3	2355

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	6	13	15	17	43	3	3	63	21	950
2022	Non-supervisor	4	11	14	15	46	3	6	68	17	2355

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Supervisor	8	24	17	19	29	3	1	49	33	950
2022	Non-supervisor	6	16	16	17	40	4	2	60	23	2355

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Transport Canada by Question 81. Are you a supervisor?

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources