2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Transport Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented according to the numerical order of questions, grouped by section theme as they appeared in the questionnaire. Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

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My Job

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	46	4	7	2	86	9	115
2022	First Nations	33	60	4	2	0	94	2	45
2022	Métis	46	36	5	9	3	82	13	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	40	4	8	3	86	11	3445
2020	Indigenous	39	50	6	4	1	89	5	147
2020	Métis	41	50	5	4	0	90	4	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	43	3	7	2	88	9	4054

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	73	21	2	1	2	0	1	95	2	115
2022	First Nations	71	21	5	0	2	0	0	93	2	45
2022	Métis	74	22	0	0	1	0	2	99	1	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	74	20	3	2	1	1	0	94	3	3445
2020	Indigenous	81	15	3	1	1	0	0	96	2	145
2020	Métis	82	14	2	0	2	0	0	96	2	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	77	17	3	1	1	0	0	95	3	4042

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	38	3	8	2	0	86	10	115
2022	First Nations	52	37	5	6	0	0	89	6	45
2022	Métis	49	37	3	7	4	0	86	11	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	32	7	7	4	1	82	11	3440
2020	Indigenous	58	28	7	5	2	1	86	7	147
2020	Métis	58	27	8	5	2	0	85	7	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	38	7	5	2	1	86	7	4041
2019	Indigenous	38	33	7	13	9	1	71	22	135
2019	Métis	43	36	9	8	3	1	80	11	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	36	7	10	5	0	79	14	3669

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	38	13	11	8	2	66	20	115
2022	First Nations	26	34	18	17	6	0	59	23	45
2022	Métis	30	40	9	4	13	3	73	17	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	37	12	12	6	0	70	18	3445
2020	Indigenous	38	31	15	11	4	1	70	15	146
2020	Métis	41	29	12	13	3	1	72	16	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	37	12	11	5	1	71	16	4035
2019	Indigenous	23	32	15	16	13	0	56	29	136
2019	Métis	27	26	18	18	11	0	53	29	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	36	13	15	9	0	62	25	3658
2018	Indigenous	27	35	5	19	14	0	62	33	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	42	10	15	9	0	65	24	3449

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	38	7	6	1	0	86	7	115
2022	First Nations	46	39	7	8	0	0	85	8	45
2022	Métis	49	36	8	6	2	0	85	7	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	33	8	5	2	0	85	7	3440
2020	Indigenous	56	28	12	2	3	0	84	4	144
2020	Métis	57	26	11	3	3	0	83	6	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	34	8	5	2	0	85	7	4015
2019	Indigenous	38	36	8	9	8	1	75	17	135
2019	Métis	42	34	9	9	7	0	76	15	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	36	10	7	3	0	80	10	3642

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	31	9	8	4	1	0	78	13	115
2022	First Nations	46	33	9	8	4	0	0	79	12	45
2022	Métis	51	27	10	8	2	2	0	80	10	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	31	9	6	4	0	0	80	11	3445
2020	Indigenous	50	32	4	7	6	0	1	83	13	147
2020	Métis	49	36	2	5	7	0	1	86	12	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	30	9	6	3	0	0	82	9	4033
2019	Indigenous	45	31	6	8	10	1	0	77	18	136
2019	Métis	47	31	6	11	5	0	0	78	16	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	31	8	7	4	0	0	81	11	3662
2018	Indigenous	45	37	7	7	5	0	0	81	12	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	33	9	6	3	0	0	82	10	3440

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	36	13	4	3	0	80	7	115
2022	First Nations	41	41	11	2	4	0	82	6	45
2022	Métis	46	33	14	4	2	0	80	6	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	39	11	6	4	0	79	10	3445
2020	Indigenous	44	37	11	6	3	0	80	9	147
2020	Métis	45	38	7	8	2	0	83	10	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	39	11	6	3	0	80	9	4046
2019	Indigenous	28	42	13	11	7	0	70	17	136
2019	Métis	31	41	14	10	5	0	71	15	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	39	12	8	5	0	76	13	3668
2018	Indigenous	37	34	10	11	7	1	71	18	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	41	13	7	5	0	75	12	3428

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	29	13	12	7	0	68	19	115
2022	First Nations	39	29	11	11	10	0	68	21	45
2022	Métis	40	28	14	12	6	0	67	19	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	36	14	8	7	0	71	15	3445
2020	Indigenous	36	34	15	6	9	1	70	15	147
2020	Métis	40	36	12	4	7	1	76	12	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	35	13	9	5	0	73	14	4050
2019	Indigenous	29	40	8	16	7	0	69	23	136
2019	Métis	34	39	5	14	8	0	73	22	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	36	15	10	6	0	68	17	3664
2018	Indigenous	28	35	15	8	13	0	63	22	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	35	17	10	8	0	65	17	3444

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	43	12	10	0	0	79	10	115
2022	First Nations	33	52	11	4	0	0	85	4	45
2022	Métis	41	32	14	13	0	0	73	13	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	43	10	9	4	0	78	12	3440
2020	Indigenous	31	45	12	7	5	0	77	11	147
2020	Métis	36	43	9	8	3	0	80	11	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	42	12	9	3	0	76	12	4026
2019	Indigenous	23	41	18	14	4	1	65	18	135
2019	Métis	28	41	21	9	1	0	69	10	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	42	13	10	5	0	72	15	3649
2018	Indigenous	32	35	13	12	8	0	67	21	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	40	16	11	6	0	68	17	3443

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	41	10	2	1	0	0	87	3	115
2022	First Nations	50	36	13	0	2	0	0	86	2	45
2022	Métis	45	41	11	4	0	0	0	85	4	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	38	8	4	2	0	0	85	6	3435
2020	Indigenous	50	33	12	2	4	0	0	83	5	147
2020	Métis	55	30	11	2	2	0	0	85	4	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	37	8	4	2	0	0	85	6	4039
2019	Indigenous	33	41	12	8	4	1	1	76	12	135
2019	Métis	41	39	10	6	2	1	0	82	8	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	38	11	5	3	0	0	81	8	3650
2018	Indigenous	39	41	11	6	3	0	0	80	9	130
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	43	9	5	2	0	0	84	7	3446

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	28	15	11	4	0	70	15	115
2022	First Nations	46	22	18	8	6	0	68	14	45
2022	Métis	40	33	12	11	5	0	72	16	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	36	12	8	6	0	74	14	3440
2020	Indigenous	33	39	14	6	8	0	72	14	147
2020	Métis	37	42	10	4	7	0	80	10	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	35	13	8	5	0	75	12	4045
2019	Indigenous	31	37	11	11	9	1	69	19	135
2019	Métis	35	38	14	7	5	1	74	12	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	36	14	9	7	0	71	16	3658
2018	Indigenous	30	35	15	9	11	0	65	20	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	39	14	9	7	0	71	15	3435

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	32	8	3	1	0	0	88	4	115
2022	First Nations	53	35	9	2	2	0	0	87	3	45
2022	Métis	55	33	9	3	0	0	0	89	3	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	33	9	3	2	0	0	87	4	3440
2020	Indigenous	58	28	9	1	3	0	1	87	4	144
2020	Métis	59	29	7	1	2	0	1	89	3	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	32	9	3	2	0	0	86	5	4021
2019	Indigenous	48	33	12	3	4	0	0	81	7	136
2019	Métis	52	34	11	3	1	0	0	86	4	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	34	10	3	2	0	0	84	5	3636
2018	Indigenous	51	34	8	4	2	1	0	86	6	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	50	35	10	3	2	0	0	85	5	3414

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	41	9	11	3	0	77	14	115
2022	First Nations	37	44	5	12	2	0	81	14	45
2022	Métis	39	34	14	10	3	0	73	13	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	39	12	8	6	0	74	14	3435
2020	Indigenous	35	43	9	7	6	0	78	13	147
2020	Métis	40	42	6	5	6	0	83	11	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	38	12	7	3	0	77	11	4028
2019	Indigenous	30	35	17	11	7	1	65	18	136
2019	Métis	32	38	17	11	2	0	70	13	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	39	12	10	6	0	72	15	3641
2018	Indigenous	28	43	8	15	6	0	71	21	129
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	38	14	9	6	0	71	15	3428

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	39	11	5	5	0	80	10	115
2022	First Nations	37	44	7	4	8	0	81	12	45
2022	Métis	44	34	14	6	3	0	78	9	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	35	13	7	5	0	76	12	3435
2020	Indigenous	42	38	10	4	6	0	80	10	147
2020	Métis	47	36	7	2	7	0	83	10	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	33	13	7	4	0	76	11	4040
2019	Indigenous	38	31	10	13	9	0	68	22	136
2019	Métis	40	31	11	12	6	0	71	18	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	35	14	8	6	0	71	14	3655
2018	Indigenous	38	30	18	6	8	1	68	14	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	34	15	9	7	0	69	15	3426

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	37	13	6	4	0	1	76	11	115
2022	First Nations	39	42	7	4	6	0	2	83	10	45
2022	Métis	42	33	14	6	5	0	0	75	11	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	36	13	7	4	0	0	76	12	3440
2020	Indigenous	33	48	8	6	5	0	0	80	12	145
2020	Métis	34	48	8	6	4	0	0	81	10	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	39	12	7	3	0	0	78	10	4008
2019	Indigenous	29	36	13	12	10	1	0	65	23	130
2019	Métis	31	38	14	6	10	1	0	70	16	73
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	40	13	10	5	0	0	72	15	3600
2018	Indigenous	34	30	17	14	6	0	0	64	20	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	36	15	10	6	0	0	69	16	3435

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	35	11	5	1	0	0	83	6	115
2022	First Nations	52	38	6	3	2	0	0	90	4	45
2022	Métis	47	33	14	6	0	0	0	80	6	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	37	10	5	3	0	0	82	7	3440
2020	Indigenous	44	37	12	3	4	0	1	81	6	145
2020	Métis	47	36	10	3	3	0	1	84	6	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	36	9	5	2	0	0	84	7	4038
2019	Indigenous	41	34	16	5	4	1	0	76	9	136
2019	Métis	45	32	18	4	1	0	0	77	5	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	40	11	5	3	0	0	81	8	3674
2018	Indigenous	46	30	11	8	4	1	0	76	12	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	39	11	6	3	0	0	80	8	3444

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	31	20	8	3	0	2	68	11	115
2022	First Nations	48	27	19	6	0	0	0	75	6	45
2022	Métis	29	36	21	9	3	0	1	66	13	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	32	16	8	6	0	1	70	14	3445
2020	Indigenous	37	35	20	5	3	0	1	72	8	147
2020	Métis	41	30	19	7	2	0	1	72	9	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	35	16	9	5	0	0	71	13	4033
2019	Indigenous	37	29	24	6	4	0	1	66	10	133
2019	Métis	46	23	22	5	4	0	1	70	8	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	34	18	8	5	0	0	69	13	3640
2018	Indigenous	39	34	15	7	4	2	0	74	11	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	33	19	8	6	0	0	67	14	3452

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	28	36	15	12	0	1	28	36	115
2022	First Nations	2	30	32	18	16	0	2	35	33	45
2022	Métis	12	21	40	15	10	0	1	25	34	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	23	38	18	9	1	2	29	32	3435
2020	Indigenous	8	20	35	25	11	0	1	37	28	147
2020	Métis	4	23	36	28	8	0	1	37	27	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	22	37	23	9	1	1	32	31	4039
2019	Indigenous	12	22	34	21	6	4	1	28	36	135
2019	Métis	10	19	33	25	7	5	2	34	31	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	26	38	18	8	1	1	26	35	3660
2018	Indigenous	10	25	35	18	7	1	3	27	37	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	26	37	19	6	1	1	26	37	3441

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	32	32	14	8	0	1	22	45	115
2022	First Nations	10	39	25	13	11	0	2	25	50	45
2022	Métis	13	25	40	16	7	0	0	23	38	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	25	33	16	7	1	3	25	41	3440
2020	Indigenous	16	17	30	24	8	3	1	33	35	147
2020	Métis	16	12	28	28	9	4	3	40	30	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	21	33	21	10	1	2	32	34	4029
2019	Indigenous	14	27	29	18	8	4	1	27	43	135
2019	Métis	12	25	29	19	9	5	1	30	39	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	25	32	17	8	1	1	25	42	3650
2018	Indigenous	16	20	29	23	9	2	2	33	37	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	26	32	16	7	2	2	24	44	3434

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	4	19	42	15	19	0	1	34	24	115
2022	First Nations	4	26	42	6	21	0	2	28	30	45
2022	Métis	4	13	43	21	19	0	0	40	17	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	15	32	27	15	1	2	44	23	3430
2020	Indigenous	7	12	29	35	16	1	1	52	19	146
2020	Métis	7	12	29	32	17	1	1	51	20	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	14	32	31	16	1	1	47	21	4018
2019	Indigenous	7	16	32	30	13	1	1	44	23	135
2019	Métis	4	18	36	27	14	0	1	41	22	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	16	33	30	13	1	1	44	23	3646
2018	Indigenous	8	18	29	27	15	2	3	43	26	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	16	34	29	12	1	1	42	24	3435

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	23	30	17	14	0	2	31	38	115
2022	First Nations	12	30	24	15	15	0	4	32	44	45
2022	Métis	19	17	32	17	15	0	0	32	36	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	20	28	19	14	1	3	35	36	3435
2020	Indigenous	12	14	34	23	17	0	1	40	26	147
2020	Métis	14	15	35	18	18	0	1	36	29	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	18	28	25	16	1	1	42	30	4027
2019	Indigenous	21	24	25	14	14	3	1	29	46	136
2019	Métis	20	26	23	12	16	3	0	29	47	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	22	26	21	13	2	2	35	38	3656
2018	Indigenous	15	26	23	19	13	3	1	33	43	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	21	30	19	10	2	2	31	39	3438

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	20	23	20	23	3	1	45	30	115
2022	First Nations	9	23	29	19	19	0	2	39	32	45
2022	Métis	9	15	21	22	27	5	1	51	26	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	17	25	22	17	3	6	43	29	3435
2020	Indigenous	7	9	23	36	19	2	3	58	17	147
2020	Métis	7	8	27	32	20	4	3	55	16	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	10	24	31	25	3	2	58	16	4019
2019	Indigenous	12	16	28	21	17	6	1	41	29	136
2019	Métis	11	17	21	25	18	7	2	47	30	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	16	26	25	17	3	3	44	28	3650
2018	Indigenous	12	15	27	25	14	6	2	42	29	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	19	27	24	14	3	3	41	31	3425

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	30	31	13	9	0	3	23	45	115
2022	First Nations	12	35	31	10	7	0	5	18	50	45
2022	Métis	12	26	34	15	12	0	1	27	39	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	23	32	16	10	2	3	28	39	3440
2020	Indigenous	14	12	39	21	10	4	1	32	27	147
2020	Métis	17	8	40	19	11	4	1	32	26	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	20	35	20	11	1	1	32	32	4017
2019	Indigenous	15	27	34	15	4	3	1	20	44	136
2019	Métis	16	26	32	16	6	3	2	23	44	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	24	33	16	8	2	1	26	41	3660
2018	Indigenous	18	24	29	15	10	2	3	26	44	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	25	31	16	7	2	2	24	44	3447

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	15	39	26	14	0	1	40	20	115
2022	First Nations	2	14	47	27	7	0	2	35	17	45
2022	Métis	6	15	36	23	21	0	0	44	20	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	13	32	28	18	1	2	47	20	3440
2020	Indigenous	5	17	43	28	7	0	1	35	22	147
2020	Métis	6	21	34	30	9	0	1	39	27	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	15	36	29	12	0	1	42	22	4040
2019	Indigenous	13	22	32	22	8	2	1	31	36	136
2019	Métis	11	22	27	27	10	3	1	38	34	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	19	33	25	12	1	1	37	29	3662

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My Work Unit

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	32	16	10	5	1	5	67	16	115
2022	First Nations	31	39	16	7	4	2	2	73	11	45
2022	Métis	32	26	20	12	3	0	8	63	16	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	30	16	6	6	6	6	68	14	3440
2020	Indigenous	35	24	19	7	8	4	3	64	16	147
2020	Métis	39	21	19	6	8	4	3	64	15	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	30	16	7	6	5	4	68	14	4049
2019	Indigenous	26	27	15	12	11	5	3	59	25	135
2019	Métis	30	27	16	10	9	7	1	62	21	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	30	16	9	7	4	4	65	18	3667
2018	Indigenous	26	25	17	12	11	5	4	56	26	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	31	19	9	7	5	3	62	17	3435

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	28	10	5	5	0	0	80	10	115
2022	First Nations	56	24	10	5	5	0	0	80	10	45
2022	Métis	49	34	10	4	3	0	0	83	7	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	26	6	6	5	1	0	84	10	3440
2020	Indigenous	51	26	6	7	9	1	0	78	16	146
2020	Métis	55	25	6	7	6	1	0	81	13	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	26	8	7	4	1	0	81	11	4034
2019	Indigenous	39	34	6	10	10	1	1	74	20	135
2019	Métis	47	31	5	8	8	1	0	79	16	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	28	8	8	7	1	0	77	15	3662
2018	Indigenous	38	36	6	11	9	0	0	74	19	130
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	29	8	10	7	1	0	75	17	3427

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	32	5	5	2	0	87	7	115
2022	First Nations	53	36	2	9	0	0	89	9	45
2022	Métis	58	28	10	4	0	0	85	4	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	61	27	4	4	3	0	89	7	3440
2020	Indigenous	52	31	7	6	4	0	83	10	146
2020	Métis	56	31	4	5	4	0	87	9	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	59	28	5	5	2	0	87	7	4029
2019	Indigenous	42	33	10	10	5	0	74	15	134
2019	Métis	45	34	11	7	3	0	79	10	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	31	7	7	4	0	82	11	3661
2018	Indigenous	39	34	8	14	4	1	74	18	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	50	33	8	7	3	0	83	10	3433

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	34	8	5	1	0	87	6	115
2022	First Nations	47	44	2	6	0	0	91	6	45
2022	Métis	59	26	11	4	0	0	85	4	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	33	8	4	2	1	85	6	3440
2020	Indigenous	48	35	11	5	2	0	82	7	146
2020	Métis	55	28	12	5	1	0	83	6	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	33	10	4	2	1	85	6	4023
2019	Indigenous	38	39	8	6	7	2	78	14	135
2019	Métis	48	34	7	5	6	1	82	11	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	37	10	5	3	1	82	8	3666
2018	Indigenous	36	40	15	5	4	0	76	9	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	39	12	5	2	1	81	7	3437

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	21	7	5	5	8	4	82	11	115
2022	First Nations	49	23	4	9	5	7	4	80	15	45
2022	Métis	51	20	6	3	5	10	5	84	10	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	25	10	4	3	6	4	81	8	3440

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	23	7	8	5	8	4	78	15	115
2022	First Nations	46	21	4	14	4	7	4	75	21	45
2022	Métis	45	24	7	4	7	9	5	79	13	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	26	10	4	3	6	4	81	8	3445

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My Immediate Supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	27	13	5	1	0	5	80	6	115
2022	First Nations	46	23	17	9	0	0	5	73	9	45
2022	Métis	54	30	9	2	0	0	5	89	2	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	28	11	3	2	1	3	83	5	3440
2020	Indigenous	49	31	12	3	2	1	2	82	5	147
2020	Métis	56	28	11	1	1	2	2	86	2	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	24	12	4	2	1	2	82	6	4036
2019	Indigenous	55	20	15	6	3	0	0	75	9	135
2019	Métis	63	16	14	5	2	0	0	79	7	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	26	13	4	3	1	2	79	8	3671

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	34	12	7	3	0	1	78	10	115
2022	First Nations	44	33	9	11	4	0	0	76	15	45
2022	Métis	47	32	11	3	4	0	3	81	7	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	31	11	7	5	0	0	77	12	3445
2020	Indigenous	52	28	10	4	6	0	0	80	10	147
2020	Métis	57	27	10	2	4	0	0	83	6	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	30	11	7	4	0	0	78	11	4037
2019	Indigenous	41	33	12	5	9	1	0	74	14	136
2019	Métis	44	34	11	2	9	0	0	78	11	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	30	12	7	6	0	1	75	13	3674
2018	Indigenous	40	32	11	12	5	0	0	72	17	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	34	12	7	5	1	0	76	12	3444

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	22	10	6	2	1	0	81	9	115
2022	First Nations	55	29	6	8	2	0	0	84	10	45
2022	Métis	64	18	13	1	3	2	0	83	4	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	24	11	4	5	2	2	79	9	3440
2020	Indigenous	55	26	8	7	3	0	1	82	10	147
2020	Métis	61	24	6	4	3	0	1	86	8	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	24	11	5	4	2	2	79	9	4031

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	51	29	10	8	1	0	1	81	9	115
2022	First Nations	47	36	4	12	0	0	0	84	12	45
2022	Métis	56	24	14	4	0	0	1	81	5	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	31	9	6	4	0	1	81	10	3435
2020	Indigenous	50	32	9	4	6	0	0	82	10	147
2020	Métis	50	36	8	2	4	0	0	86	6	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	29	9	6	3	0	0	81	10	4039
2019	Indigenous	47	27	9	9	8	0	0	74	17	133
2019	Métis	50	25	9	10	6	0	0	75	16	75
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	30	10	7	6	0	1	77	13	3663
2018	Indigenous	42	30	13	5	8	1	0	73	14	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	32	10	8	4	1	0	77	13	3430

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	65	25	6	1	2	0	2	91	3	115
2022	First Nations	61	25	10	0	2	0	2	88	2	45
2022	Métis	70	25	1	1	1	0	1	96	3	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	66	21	5	2	2	2	2	90	5	3445

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	25	7	9	2	0	1	82	11	115
2022	First Nations	57	25	10	6	2	0	0	82	8	45
2022	Métis	60	23	2	10	4	0	1	84	15	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	25	8	6	4	0	0	82	10	3445
2020	Indigenous	61	23	8	2	5	1	1	85	7	147
2020	Métis	67	19	7	1	3	1	1	88	4	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	62	21	9	5	3	0	0	83	8	4047
2019	Indigenous	50	26	8	8	7	0	0	77	15	136
2019	Métis	57	24	9	4	6	0	0	81	10	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	26	9	6	5	0	0	80	11	3675
2018	Indigenous	54	24	8	7	7	0	0	78	14	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	28	11	6	5	0	0	78	12	3438

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	78	17	1	0	2	1	96	2	115
2022	First Nations	75	19	0	0	3	3	97	3	45
2022	Métis	80	16	1	0	1	1	97	1	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	82	10	3	1	1	3	95	2	3445
2019	Indigenous	74	10	7	1	5	4	87	6	135
2019	Métis	77	10	6	0	5	1	88	5	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	80	10	3	2	2	2	93	3	3657

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Senior Management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	26	12	9	11	4	0	67	20	115
2022	First Nations	34	35	10	10	5	7	0	73	16	45
2022	Métis	46	16	15	8	13	2	0	64	21	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	31	13	7	5	7	0	74	12	3445
2020	Indigenous	45	25	13	4	5	7	1	75	10	147
2020	Métis	51	22	11	6	6	5	0	76	12	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	28	12	5	4	6	0	77	10	4049
2019	Indigenous	29	25	19	8	11	8	0	59	21	136
2019	Métis	35	24	18	10	8	5	0	62	19	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	32	16	8	6	6	0	69	15	3672
2018	Indigenous	30	33	20	7	8	3	0	64	16	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	31	17	8	6	6	0	66	15	3449

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	27	15	10	12	2	1	63	23	115
2022	First Nations	32	37	12	12	5	2	0	71	17	45
2022	Métis	39	20	14	10	15	2	1	60	25	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	32	16	11	8	2	0	65	19	3440
2020	Indigenous	41	28	11	12	5	2	0	71	18	147
2020	Métis	45	23	12	16	4	0	0	68	20	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	31	13	8	5	2	0	74	13	4036
2019	Indigenous	28	26	17	9	15	5	0	57	25	135
2019	Métis	32	28	16	12	9	3	0	62	21	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	33	17	11	8	2	0	63	20	3666
2018	Indigenous	28	29	19	13	8	3	0	59	21	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	31	19	12	9	2	0	60	21	3440

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	29	13	18	12	3	1	56	31	115
2022	First Nations	23	37	15	16	5	5	0	63	22	45
2022	Métis	26	24	12	18	16	2	1	52	35	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	29	20	13	9	5	0	56	23	3440
2020	Indigenous	30	32	17	12	7	2	0	63	20	147
2020	Métis	33	30	15	13	8	1	0	64	21	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	33	16	10	6	4	0	67	16	4037
2019	Indigenous	18	26	20	11	15	10	0	50	28	136
2019	Métis	21	29	21	11	9	9	0	54	23	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	30	21	14	9	5	0	53	25	3661
2018	Indigenous	20	31	18	17	9	5	0	53	28	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	29	21	15	10	5	0	51	26	3441

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	32	13	22	12	1	1	53	34	115
2022	First Nations	21	38	8	26	7	0	0	59	33	45
2022	Métis	19	28	20	16	14	2	1	49	31	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	35	17	14	10	2	0	59	24	3445
2020	Indigenous	31	32	12	15	7	3	0	65	23	146
2020	Métis	38	29	10	12	9	3	0	68	21	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	36	15	12	6	2	0	67	18	4049
2019	Indigenous	20	21	18	18	15	8	0	45	36	136
2019	Métis	20	29	16	22	9	5	0	51	32	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	32	19	17	11	3	0	51	29	3673
2018	Indigenous	17	31	17	21	11	2	0	49	33	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	32	19	18	11	3	0	50	31	3445

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	24	7	6	6	14	2	78	14	115
2022	First Nations	42	21	8	8	9	11	0	71	19	45
2022	Métis	41	27	6	2	3	18	4	87	5	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	27	14	5	3	7	3	76	8	3440
2020	Indigenous	38	24	9	8	4	15	1	75	14	147
2020	Métis	40	25	9	8	1	15	1	78	11	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	25	14	5	3	7	3	75	9	4043
2019	Indigenous	31	20	10	9	5	21	5	68	19	136
2019	Métis	34	19	8	10	4	21	5	70	18	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	23	13	5	4	11	3	74	11	3675

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My Organization (Department or Agency)

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	40	16	11	5	2	1	67	17	115
2022	First Nations	21	40	16	17	2	3	2	64	20	45
2022	Métis	30	40	17	6	7	1	0	70	13	60
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	44	16	9	3	1	0	71	12	3440
2020	Indigenous	30	44	15	5	5	1	0	75	10	147
2020	Métis	33	43	16	5	3	0	0	77	8	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	43	15	7	3	1	0	75	9	4047
2019	Indigenous	25	37	19	9	6	3	0	64	16	135
2019	Métis	29	37	19	8	4	3	0	68	12	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	42	19	10	4	2	0	66	14	3670
2018	Indigenous	27	38	16	12	6	2	0	66	18	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	42	19	11	4	2	0	66	15	3449

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	34	20	18	8	3	1	53	27	115
2022	First Nations	17	41	16	20	4	0	2	60	24	45
2022	Métis	18	27	24	18	8	5	0	47	27	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	36	20	15	8	2	0	56	24	3435
2020	Indigenous	22	42	17	9	8	2	0	65	18	145
2020	Métis	22	39	18	11	8	2	0	62	19	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	39	18	11	5	2	0	66	16	4021
2019	Indigenous	15	33	13	21	13	6	0	50	36	136
2019	Métis	18	32	15	19	10	6	0	53	31	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	33	22	18	9	3	0	49	28	3656

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	42	7	8	8	1	2	76	17	115
2022	First Nations	36	38	6	11	5	0	5	77	17	45
2022	Métis	30	44	10	7	7	2	0	75	14	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	36	14	10	5	4	1	69	17	3440
2020	Indigenous	34	34	20	7	4	2	0	69	10	146
2020	Métis	37	31	18	9	2	2	0	70	12	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	34	13	8	4	3	1	73	13	4042
2019	Indigenous	30	27	16	9	11	7	0	62	21	136
2019	Métis	31	30	18	7	7	7	0	65	15	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	36	15	11	5	2	1	67	17	3663
2018	Indigenous	31	33	16	9	8	2	0	66	18	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	38	14	8	4	2	1	72	13	3448

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	41	13	9	5	0	1	73	14	115
2022	First Nations	31	41	16	9	2	0	2	73	11	45
2022	Métis	33	43	12	10	3	0	0	76	13	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	38	18	6	3	2	0	73	9	3445
2020	Indigenous	37	38	13	5	5	2	0	77	10	146
2020	Métis	43	33	12	6	4	2	0	77	11	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	36	15	5	3	2	0	76	8	4029
2019	Indigenous	29	33	20	7	8	3	0	64	15	136
2019	Métis	35	32	16	7	4	5	0	71	12	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	36	21	8	6	2	0	65	13	3663
2018	Indigenous	32	34	17	9	7	1	0	66	16	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	38	21	7	4	2	0	68	11	3436

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	33	12	11	13	8	1	62	26	115
2022	First Nations	25	33	8	12	13	8	2	63	28	45
2022	Métis	21	36	13	10	10	9	0	62	23	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	25	17	9	10	13	3	57	23	3445
2020	Indigenous	26	28	18	10	11	6	2	58	23	146
2020	Métis	33	20	17	11	11	5	1	57	24	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	25	18	10	8	11	2	59	21	4041
2019	Indigenous	20	21	18	13	16	10	1	46	33	134
2019	Métis	21	26	17	12	14	10	0	52	29	76
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	24	20	12	10	10	3	51	26	3663
2018	Indigenous	20	23	16	15	15	11	1	48	33	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	25	21	11	11	10	2	50	26	3442

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	36	10	14	7	1	1	68	21	115
2022	First Nations	34	34	11	11	9	0	2	69	20	45
2022	Métis	32	38	11	10	6	3	0	72	17	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	34	17	10	8	3	0	64	19	3445
2020	Indigenous	30	32	17	9	8	4	0	65	17	146
2020	Métis	34	33	13	7	8	5	0	70	16	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	32	18	11	7	2	1	64	18	4040
2019	Indigenous	21	28	20	14	14	3	0	50	29	136
2019	Métis	23	28	25	13	10	1	0	51	24	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	30	19	14	11	3	0	55	26	3664
2018	Indigenous	26	25	17	19	11	2	0	52	30	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	33	18	14	11	3	0	56	26	3445

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	35	13	3	4	1	7	79	7	115
2022	First Nations	38	29	18	0	3	3	9	76	4	45
2022	Métis	35	43	10	4	0	0	8	85	4	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	23	12	4	5	1	6	77	10	3445
2020	Indigenous	49	22	16	7	4	1	3	73	11	147
2020	Métis	45	21	17	10	3	1	2	69	13	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	23	12	5	3	1	4	79	8	4051
2019	Indigenous	52	23	11	7	6	0	1	76	13	135
2019	Métis	52	29	9	5	5	0	1	81	10	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	24	12	4	3	1	4	80	7	3658

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	25	9	7	3	3	6	79	11	115
2022	First Nations	38	24	12	6	5	5	9	72	13	45
2022	Métis	60	19	6	8	3	2	3	82	12	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	23	13	6	5	2	5	74	12	3440
2020	Indigenous	50	20	15	7	2	3	2	74	10	147
2020	Métis	52	17	18	7	1	4	2	73	8	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	24	15	7	4	1	3	74	11	4041
2019	Indigenous	40	23	15	13	6	1	1	65	20	136
2019	Métis	46	22	17	10	6	0	0	68	15	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	24	17	8	6	2	4	68	15	3649

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	82	4	2	3	2	3	4	92	5	115
2022	First Nations	80	3	2	4	2	2	7	92	6	45
2022	Métis	82	4	4	3	2	3	1	91	5	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	74	7	4	2	3	4	6	91	5	3440
2020	Indigenous	72	9	5	3	4	4	2	87	8	147
2020	Métis	76	8	5	4	3	3	2	88	7	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	76	8	4	2	2	3	4	91	5	4031
2019	Indigenous	65	12	7	3	6	6	2	82	11	136
2019	Métis	73	9	8	3	3	3	2	86	6	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	72	9	5	2	3	4	5	89	5	3653

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	72	11	4	1	1	2	9	93	2	115
2022	First Nations	65	12	4	2	0	3	13	93	2	45
2022	Métis	77	9	4	0	2	2	6	93	2	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	7	3	1	2	2	11	93	3	3445
2020	Indigenous	71	12	5	3	1	1	6	90	4	146
2020	Métis	78	7	5	2	1	0	6	91	4	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	76	9	3	1	1	2	7	94	2	4040
2019	Indigenous	68	9	6	2	4	4	7	86	7	136
2019	Métis	69	13	10	2	0	4	3	88	2	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	76	7	3	2	1	2	10	94	3	3640

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	33	12	10	11	8	0	64	23	115
2022	First Nations	27	30	18	2	14	9	0	63	18	45
2022	Métis	30	33	6	13	10	7	0	68	25	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	31	14	14	13	3	3	57	29	3445
2020	Indigenous	26	30	13	10	16	4	2	59	27	147
2020	Métis	30	32	9	7	14	7	1	68	23	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	29	17	13	12	2	2	56	26	4044
2019	Indigenous	20	23	18	13	19	6	1	46	35	135
2019	Métis	23	21	21	12	17	5	0	47	30	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	29	17	14	16	3	2	52	31	3675
2018	Indigenous	25	24	21	12	12	3	3	52	26	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	30	17	13	15	3	1	52	30	3439

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	40	19	8	3	2	0	69	12	115
2022	First Nations	29	39	16	8	6	2	0	70	14	45
2022	Métis	31	38	21	8	0	1	0	70	9	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	40	18	8	4	3	0	69	13	3445
2020	Indigenous	30	40	15	4	6	4	1	74	11	146
2020	Métis	37	36	10	3	7	5	1	78	11	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	43	16	8	3	3	0	72	11	4038
2019	Indigenous	21	37	20	10	7	5	0	61	18	136
2019	Métis	29	32	21	11	2	6	0	64	14	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	43	19	9	5	3	0	66	14	3667
2018	Indigenous	22	37	22	8	9	2	0	61	17	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	38	22	10	5	3	0	62	16	3443

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	37	13	6	5	1	76	10	115
2022	First Nations	37	43	11	6	4	0	79	10	45
2022	Métis	41	34	14	7	2	2	77	9	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	37	12	6	4	2	78	10	3445
2020	Indigenous	41	37	10	5	6	2	79	11	146
2020	Métis	48	34	8	4	6	0	82	9	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	37	12	5	2	2	80	7	4023
2019	Indigenous	32	36	17	7	7	1	69	14	135
2019	Métis	34	37	21	6	1	1	72	7	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	40	14	5	3	2	77	8	3662
2018	Indigenous	42	32	13	6	4	2	76	10	130
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	38	13	4	2	2	80	6	3445

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	24	16	5	2	9	2	74	8	115
2022	First Nations	32	26	16	7	4	13	2	68	13	45
2022	Métis	50	23	17	1	1	4	3	78	3	60
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	36	13	3	2	6	1	80	6	3440
2020	Indigenous	40	38	11	4	4	3	0	81	8	145
2020	Métis	49	35	11	3	1	1	0	85	4	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	33	13	4	2	4	0	80	6	4029
2019	Indigenous	42	28	19	5	3	3	0	71	9	136
2019	Métis	47	26	19	4	3	1	0	74	7	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	35	15	4	2	4	1	78	6	3652
2018	Indigenous	41	33	11	6	6	4	0	76	12	130
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	35	16	4	2	5	0	77	6	3442

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	20	18	3	2	14	1	73	6	115
2022	First Nations	34	17	24	2	2	20	2	64	5	45
2022	Métis	49	21	11	5	0	12	1	82	6	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	28	18	4	2	12	1	72	8	3445
2020	Indigenous	38	39	13	2	4	4	0	80	6	146
2020	Métis	45	36	13	2	1	3	0	83	3	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	32	14	3	2	5	1	80	6	4048

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	30	10	3	4	4	4	81	8	115
2022	First Nations	36	36	9	4	5	5	5	80	10	45
2022	Métis	53	23	12	3	1	4	3	82	5	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	30	8	4	3	5	3	83	8	3435
2020	Indigenous	47	32	8	2	6	4	0	83	9	147
2020	Métis	52	30	8	1	4	5	0	86	5	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	29	10	5	3	3	1	81	9	4033

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	7	13	7	46	3	19	67	16	115
2022	First Nations	5	11	16	6	41	2	20	61	20	45
2022	Métis	7	5	10	6	49	3	20	72	15	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	4	10	7	45	5	25	74	11	3440

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	17	26	6	4	26	9	45	15	115
2022	First Nations	10	18	20	8	2	29	12	48	17	45
2022	Métis	15	15	27	5	4	27	8	46	13	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	18	22	3	3	38	5	50	10	3440

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	32	5	6	2	87	8	115
2022	First Nations	55	32	5	4	4	87	8	45
2022	Métis	58	30	4	9	0	88	9	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	33	7	4	3	86	7	3445
2020	Indigenous	55	30	7	3	5	85	8	147
2020	Métis	62	25	6	3	4	87	7	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	59	28	6	3	2	88	6	4040
2019	Indigenous	46	34	10	5	5	80	10	135
2019	Métis	53	28	11	5	2	81	7	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	33	9	5	3	83	8	3669
2018	Indigenous	45	34	11	7	2	80	9	130
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	36	9	4	2	84	6	3428

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	26	11	7	7	0	75	14	115
2022	First Nations	49	33	7	0	10	0	83	10	45
2022	Métis	52	21	12	9	6	0	73	15	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	31	11	6	4	1	78	10	3445
2020	Indigenous	54	26	10	5	5	1	80	9	146
2020	Métis	58	20	10	6	4	1	79	11	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	28	11	5	3	0	81	8	4030
2019	Indigenous	33	35	15	3	14	0	68	16	136
2019	Métis	37	35	16	3	9	0	72	12	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	31	15	7	6	0	72	13	3665
2018	Indigenous	39	31	14	8	7	1	71	15	130
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	32	15	7	5	1	72	13	3438

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	28	14	3	6	0	76	9	115
2022	First Nations	48	29	14	2	8	0	77	9	45
2022	Métis	51	28	13	3	6	0	79	9	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	33	12	7	4	0	77	11	3445
2020	Indigenous	55	23	13	6	4	0	77	10	145
2020	Métis	58	18	12	8	4	0	76	12	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	31	11	6	3	0	81	8	4024
2019	Indigenous	29	41	11	8	11	0	70	19	136
2019	Métis	32	41	11	6	9	0	73	16	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	33	14	9	5	0	72	14	3650
2018	Indigenous	37	32	14	11	5	1	70	16	130
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	34	15	8	5	0	72	13	3425

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	23	14	9	6	1	0	70	15	115
2022	First Nations	57	14	16	6	8	0	0	70	14	45
2022	Métis	41	32	13	10	4	0	0	73	14	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	26	17	8	6	4	1	68	14	3445
2020	Indigenous	46	21	14	8	7	3	1	70	15	147
2020	Métis	50	19	12	8	7	4	0	72	16	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	24	14	7	5	3	1	73	12	4043
2019	Indigenous	34	25	18	9	10	4	1	61	19	136
2019	Métis	36	26	17	8	9	3	2	65	17	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	26	18	10	7	3	1	64	18	3672
2018	Indigenous	34	27	16	9	8	4	1	65	18	130
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	27	18	11	7	3	1	63	19	3447

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Mobility and Retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	33	34	115
2022	First Nations	40	37	23	45
2022	Métis	30	32	38	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	32	31	3445
2020	Indigenous	19	47	34	147
2020	Métis	22	50	27	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	40	36	4051
2019	Indigenous	29	35	35	136
2019	Métis	31	37	32	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	36	36	3674
2018	Indigenous	28	42	30	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	38	36	3453

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes, to retire (%)	Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Yes, other reason Specify other reason (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	37	21	4	3	13	40
2022	First Nations	38	31	10	4	6	11	20
2022	Métis	11	42	27	5	0	15	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	35	24	7	10	7	1240
2020	Indigenous	20	35	32	3	3	6	30
2020	Métis	18	48	29	5	0	0	20
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	34	33	4	7	6	998
2019	Indigenous	15	29	17	6	14	20	40
2019	Métis	18	37	17	0	6	22	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	26	35	7	11	6	1058
2018	Indigenous	21	31	23	12	6	7	36
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	28	33	7	8	8	919

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Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	87	115
2022	First Nations	15	85	45
2022	Métis	14	86	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	3445
2020	Indigenous	13	87	147
2020	Métis	11	89	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	4046
2019	Indigenous	25	75	136
2019	Métis	23	77	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	3669
2018	Indigenous	22	78	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	3457

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	61	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	61	340
2020	Indigenous	57	43	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	53	375
2019	Indigenous	53	47	34
2019	Métis	39	61	18
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	46	490
2018	Indigenous	54	46	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	52	48	487

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	48	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	61	39	340
2020	Indigenous	62	38	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	60	40	375
2019	Indigenous	68	32	34
2019	Métis	67	33	18
2019	Non-Indigenous	58	42	490
2018	Indigenous	45	55	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	58	42	487

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	340
2020	Indigenous	0	100	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	375

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	340
2020	Indigenous	0	100	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	0	100	375
2019	Métis	0	100	18

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	340
2019	Indigenous	14	86	34
2019	Métis	28	72	18
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	490

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	78	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	340

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	340

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	60	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	62	340
2020	Indigenous	33	67	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	60	375
2019	Indigenous	41	59	33
2019	Métis	36	64	17
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	62	485
2018	Indigenous	31	69	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	63	485

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	47	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	60	340
2020	Indigenous	53	47	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	63	375
2019	Indigenous	42	58	33
2019	Métis	47	53	17
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	58	485
2018	Indigenous	41	59	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	60	485

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	63	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	52	340
2020	Indigenous	41	59	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	52	375
2019	Indigenous	50	50	33
2019	Métis	62	38	17
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	54	485
2018	Indigenous	54	46	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	50	50	485

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	65	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	62	340
2020	Indigenous	38	62	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	60	375
2019	Indigenous	34	66	33
2019	Métis	29	71	17
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	57	485
2018	Indigenous	41	59	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	61	485

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	57	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	69	340
2020	Indigenous	48	52	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	63	375
2019	Indigenous	39	61	33
2019	Métis	38	62	17
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	63	485
2018	Indigenous	49	51	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	63	485

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	40	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	44	340
2020	Indigenous	60	40	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	48	375
2019	Indigenous	51	49	33
2019	Métis	45	55	17
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	45	485
2018	Indigenous	73	27	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	46	485

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	45	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	63	340
2020	Indigenous	31	69	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	62	375
2019	Indigenous	34	66	33
2019	Métis	45	55	17
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	66	485
2018	Indigenous	39	61	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	70	485

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	340
2019	Indigenous	0	100	33
2019	Métis	0	100	17
2019	Non-Indigenous	2	98	485
2018	Indigenous	0	100	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	1	99	485

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	94	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	340
2020	Indigenous	0	100	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	375
2019	Métis	0	100	17

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	340
2018	Indigenous	18	82	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	485

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	42	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	49	340
2020	Indigenous	53	47	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	56	375
2019	Indigenous	38	62	33
2019	Métis	37	63	17
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	52	485
2018	Indigenous	42	58	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	56	485

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	75	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	79	340
2018	Indigenous	19	81	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	76	485

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	78	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	340
2020	Indigenous	30	70	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	84	375
2019	Indigenous	36	64	33
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	485
2018	Indigenous	30	70	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	485

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	57	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	46	340
2020	Indigenous	32	68	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	47	375
2019	Indigenous	52	48	32
2019	Métis	55	45	16
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	46	481
2018	Indigenous	57	43	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	57	43	486

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	74	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	79	340
2019	Indigenous	18	82	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	71	481
2018	Indigenous	31	69	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	75	486

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	80	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	340
2020	Indigenous	0	100	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	375
2018	Indigenous	17	83	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	486

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	84	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	340
2020	Indigenous	29	71	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	81	375
2019	Indigenous	31	69	32
2019	Métis	33	67	16
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	77	481
2018	Indigenous	21	79	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	83	486

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	93	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	340
2019	Métis	0	100	16

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	84	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	340

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	91	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	340
2018	Indigenous	19	81	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	486

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	95	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	340
2019	Métis	0	100	16

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	74	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	72	340
2020	Indigenous	44	56	18
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	75	375
2019	Indigenous	26	74	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	75	481
2018	Indigenous	31	69	29
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	77	486

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	81	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	300

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	58	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	300

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	300

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	300

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	79	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	300

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	93	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	300

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	70	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	300
2018	Indigenous	15	85	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	456

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	89	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	300

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	94	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	90	300

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	87	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	71	300
2018	Indigenous	26	74	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	71	456

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	300

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	76	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	57	300
2018	Indigenous	54	46	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	56	456

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	300

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	65	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	46	300
2018	Indigenous	42	58	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	53	47	456

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	300

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	87	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	300
2018	Indigenous	20	80	26
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	456

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	14	9	3	9	29	15	63	22	115
2022	First Nations	13	13	12	4	9	30	20	51	25	45
2022	Métis	28	16	6	2	10	26	12	72	18	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	15	12	5	6	37	11	58	19	3445
2020	Indigenous	23	25	14	5	6	20	7	66	15	147
2020	Métis	28	20	10	3	8	24	7	69	17	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	18	17	5	5	28	7	59	15	4039
2019	Indigenous	15	13	24	9	13	20	6	38	30	136
2019	Métis	14	13	24	6	15	21	7	37	29	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	16	20	7	7	26	8	50	20	3669
2018	Indigenous	16	18	21	7	13	21	4	45	26	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	18	23	6	6	24	6	50	18	3442

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	40	20	11	7	5	13	4	73	14	115
2022	First Nations	33	26	8	8	4	14	6	74	16	45
2022	Métis	47	18	11	6	5	9	3	75	13	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	31	13	5	4	13	1	75	10	3445
2020	Indigenous	44	30	12	6	6	1	0	76	12	147
2020	Métis	49	25	11	5	8	1	0	75	14	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	31	15	5	3	9	1	75	9	4042
2019	Indigenous	30	31	14	7	9	9	1	67	17	135
2019	Métis	35	32	13	5	10	4	1	71	16	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	29	18	6	5	9	1	68	12	3670
2018	Indigenous	25	36	19	7	8	4	0	64	16	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	31	19	6	5	9	1	67	12	3443

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Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	91	115
2022	Métis	10	90	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	3445
2020	Indigenous	11	89	146
2020	Métis	10	90	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	4044
2019	Indigenous	11	89	136
2019	Métis	8	92	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	3676
2018	Indigenous	11	89	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	3447

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	84	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	225
2020	Indigenous	49	51	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	68	247
2018	Indigenous	42	58	16
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	60	219

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	84	16	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	75	25	225
2020	Indigenous	66	34	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	70	30	247

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	225
2019	Indigenous	0	100	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	256

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	225
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	0	100	247

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	225
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	247
2019	Indigenous	0	100	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	256

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	225
2019	Indigenous	0	100	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	256
2018	Indigenous	0	100	16
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	219

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	225
2019	Indigenous	0	100	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	256

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	225

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	84	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	225
2018	Indigenous	39	61	16
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	82	219

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	225
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	247

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	225
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	97	247

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	80	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	225

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	53	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	225

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	225
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	96	247
2018	Indigenous	0	100	16
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	219

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	225
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	96	247
2019	Indigenous	0	100	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	251

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	91	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	225
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	247
2019	Indigenous	0	100	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	251

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	84	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	225
2020	Indigenous	31	69	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	85	247

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	90	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	225
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	0	100	247

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	225
2020	Indigenous	32	68	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	247
2019	Indigenous	34	66	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	251

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	100	225
2020	Indigenous	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	100	247
2019	Indigenous	100	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	100	251

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	225

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	54	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	66	225
2019	Indigenous	48	52	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	71	245

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	64	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	225
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	81	247

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	225
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	247

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	78	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	77	225
2019	Indigenous	39	61	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	84	245
2018	Indigenous	32	68	16
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	81	220

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	225
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	97	247

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	80	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	225
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	247

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	90	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	225
2018	Indigenous	0	100	16
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	220

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	225
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	247

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	74	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	53	225
2020	Indigenous	55	45	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	54	247
2019	Indigenous	36	64	14
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	51	245
2018	Indigenous	53	47	16
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	59	220

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	200
2018	Indigenous	0	100	15
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	197

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	200

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	200
2018	Indigenous	0	100	15
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	197

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	200

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	200
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	96	228

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	200
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	228
2018	Indigenous	0	100	15
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	197

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	200
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	228

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	200

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	200

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	72	200
2020	Indigenous	35	65	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	73	228
2018	Indigenous	36	64	15
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	77	197

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	200
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	228

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	47	200
2020	Indigenous	63	37	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	55	228
2018	Indigenous	67	33	15
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	64	197

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	200

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	65	35	200
2020	Indigenous	66	34	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	61	39	228
2018	Indigenous	69	31	15
2018	Non-Indigenous	61	39	197

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	200

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	84	200
2020	Indigenous	0	100	15
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	228

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	7	17	3	7	28	12	56	15	115
2022	First Nations	20	2	26	0	8	27	17	40	15	45
2022	Métis	34	9	9	5	6	28	9	68	17	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	15	15	2	4	39	8	61	11	3445
2020	Indigenous	27	26	14	6	3	20	3	69	12	147
2020	Métis	32	21	14	7	3	20	3	69	13	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	18	17	3	3	30	6	64	9	4043
2019	Indigenous	19	13	27	3	9	25	4	45	17	136
2019	Métis	21	15	25	5	7	24	3	49	16	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	15	21	3	4	31	8	54	12	3671
2018	Indigenous	18	16	22	4	8	27	4	50	18	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	17	25	3	3	28	6	53	9	3443

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	18	17	4	4	10	4	72	9	115
2022	First Nations	43	15	21	4	3	10	5	68	8	45
2022	Métis	49	19	13	2	5	10	3	78	8	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	32	14	3	3	13	1	76	8	3445
2020	Indigenous	43	35	12	4	3	3	0	80	7	147
2020	Métis	46	34	12	2	3	2	0	82	6	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	29	16	3	3	9	1	76	6	4042
2019	Indigenous	36	27	18	5	7	8	0	68	12	135
2019	Métis	41	30	17	5	4	3	0	73	10	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	28	18	4	3	13	1	71	8	3664
2018	Indigenous	29	32	20	2	7	10	1	68	11	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	29	21	4	3	12	1	68	8	3439

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	4	21	7	38	28	2	6	65	45

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Stress and Well-Being

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	18	14	27	16	0	2	42	44	115
2022	First Nations	21	11	16	32	18	0	2	33	51	45
2022	Métis	27	25	12	19	15	0	1	53	35	60
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	27	18	11	15	0	2	56	26	3435
2020	Indigenous	25	27	21	10	16	2	0	53	26	147
2020	Métis	30	32	15	8	15	0	0	62	23	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	27	19	11	11	0	1	59	22	4038
2019	Indigenous	17	31	22	10	20	0	1	48	30	135
2019	Métis	19	29	24	10	17	0	1	48	28	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	26	20	13	17	0	1	50	30	3673
2018	Indigenous	23	20	31	9	16	1	1	44	25	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	25	22	14	17	0	1	47	31	3445

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	30	25	15	11	1	49	26	110
2022	First Nations	21	26	28	18	6	2	48	24	45
2022	Métis	16	33	26	12	13	0	49	25	60
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	27	27	14	14	0	45	28	3435
2020	Indigenous	22	29	25	13	10	1	52	23	147
2020	Métis	24	29	26	11	9	1	53	20	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	29	26	15	10	0	48	25	4046
2019	Indigenous	24	31	18	14	11	1	56	26	135
2019	Métis	24	31	15	18	10	2	56	28	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	30	25	14	10	1	50	24	3669
2018	Indigenous	21	23	31	12	12	0	44	25	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	16	28	28	16	11	1	44	27	3450

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	34	20	15	9	0	1	56	23	115
2022	First Nations	25	28	21	17	8	0	2	53	25	45
2022	Métis	21	38	20	14	6	0	0	59	20	60
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	30	22	11	9	1	1	58	20	3430
2020	Indigenous	33	27	23	9	6	0	2	62	15	147
2020	Métis	34	26	24	7	6	0	2	61	14	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	31	21	11	6	0	1	61	18	4035
2019	Indigenous	27	35	22	6	8	0	2	63	15	135
2019	Métis	25	38	26	3	4	0	3	65	8	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	32	21	10	7	0	1	61	17	3657
2018	Indigenous	30	26	20	16	7	1	0	57	23	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	31	25	12	8	0	1	55	20	3436

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	26	18	16	21	0	1	45	37	115
2022	First Nations	14	26	15	19	25	0	2	41	44	45
2022	Métis	22	26	19	12	20	0	0	49	32	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	24	22	16	16	1	1	45	33	3440
2020	Indigenous	33	30	17	11	8	1	1	63	20	147
2020	Métis	29	34	13	13	9	0	2	64	23	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	27	20	13	11	1	1	55	25	4030
2019	Indigenous	24	25	19	16	14	1	1	50	30	135
2019	Métis	24	27	17	17	13	1	2	52	31	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	26	22	14	13	1	1	50	28	3653
2018	Indigenous	20	26	19	17	15	1	2	47	33	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	26	24	16	12	1	1	47	29	3438

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	21	10	6	6	1	4	76	13	115
2022	First Nations	52	21	8	6	4	3	6	80	11	45
2022	Métis	53	20	15	4	5	0	3	75	9	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	26	12	6	5	1	5	76	12	3435
2020	Indigenous	58	21	9	6	3	1	3	82	9	146
2020	Métis	55	22	11	5	2	0	4	80	8	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	26	13	6	4	0	3	75	11	4023
2019	Indigenous	52	26	7	5	6	0	4	81	11	135
2019	Métis	51	27	7	7	3	0	6	82	10	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	26	11	5	3	0	4	80	8	3660
2018	Indigenous	54	18	18	4	1	1	4	76	5	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	27	14	5	3	0	5	77	9	3433

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	27	20	8	11	1	1	60	20	115
2022	First Nations	28	34	22	3	10	3	0	63	14	45
2022	Métis	33	24	21	12	8	0	2	58	20	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	29	18	10	9	0	1	63	19	3435
2020	Indigenous	33	27	21	11	8	0	1	60	19	146
2020	Métis	32	27	22	11	7	0	1	59	19	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	28	20	11	8	0	1	60	20	4041
2019	Indigenous	37	29	18	5	9	0	1	67	15	136
2019	Métis	41	28	18	6	6	0	2	70	13	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	30	19	9	7	0	1	65	16	3665
2018	Indigenous	30	30	25	8	7	0	0	59	16	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	29	21	10	7	0	1	62	17	3447

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	45	16	10	3	0	1	71	13	110
2022	First Nations	19	48	17	10	4	0	2	68	14	45
2022	Métis	32	45	12	10	1	0	0	77	11	60
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	33	18	8	6	1	2	68	14	3435
2020	Indigenous	35	36	17	5	4	1	2	74	9	146
2020	Métis	40	33	16	5	5	0	2	74	10	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	36	18	7	3	1	1	72	10	4032
2019	Indigenous	31	31	21	11	6	0	1	62	16	134
2019	Métis	37	30	24	7	1	0	1	67	8	76
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	38	18	8	5	0	1	68	14	3656
2018	Indigenous	32	32	21	11	2	2	0	65	13	130
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	37	23	9	5	1	1	62	15	3442

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	36	24	10	8	0	2	58	17	115
2022	First Nations	23	36	24	8	5	0	4	62	13	45
2022	Métis	19	40	22	11	9	0	0	59	20	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	32	22	11	8	1	1	58	19	3440
2020	Indigenous	30	38	15	8	7	1	1	69	15	146
2020	Métis	29	37	17	7	8	1	2	68	15	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	35	20	11	5	0	1	64	16	4029
2019	Indigenous	27	27	22	14	10	0	0	54	24	133
2019	Métis	30	26	26	12	5	0	0	57	17	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	34	23	12	7	0	1	58	19	3661
2018	Indigenous	25	27	25	12	8	2	1	54	21	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	34	25	14	6	1	1	54	21	3446

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	34	17	10	6	0	2	66	16	115
2022	First Nations	24	42	14	6	10	0	4	69	17	45
2022	Métis	34	29	20	12	6	0	0	63	17	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	31	19	9	7	0	1	64	16	3435
2020	Indigenous	34	35	17	7	7	1	0	69	14	146
2020	Métis	42	27	14	9	7	1	0	70	16	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	33	18	10	5	0	1	67	15	4030
2019	Indigenous	28	27	26	11	8	0	1	55	19	134
2019	Métis	30	28	25	11	4	0	2	59	15	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	33	20	11	8	0	1	61	19	3657
2018	Indigenous	32	27	16	14	8	2	1	60	23	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	34	22	13	7	0	1	58	20	3436

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	27	11	7	4	1	1	78	11	115
2022	First Nations	44	32	8	8	6	0	2	77	14	45
2022	Métis	56	20	13	7	3	2	0	77	10	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	27	13	6	6	1	1	75	12	3430
2020	Indigenous	48	25	15	6	7	0	0	72	13	145
2020	Métis	59	19	13	2	7	0	0	77	9	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	26	13	7	4	0	1	75	11	4013
2019	Indigenous	43	29	12	8	6	1	2	74	14	135
2019	Métis	45	31	5	9	6	0	3	79	16	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	27	13	8	6	0	1	73	14	3652

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	59	17	17	1	2	3	79	4	115
2022	First Nations	57	18	18	2	2	4	77	3	45
2022	Métis	65	16	14	1	1	3	83	3	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	24	11	4	3	1	82	7	3440
2020	Indigenous	41	29	9	14	7	0	69	22	144
2020	Métis	41	29	7	16	7	0	70	23	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	33	22	10	5	0	63	15	4022

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	28	22	9	7	0	1	62	16	115
2022	First Nations	32	32	26	7	2	0	2	65	9	45
2022	Métis	34	27	20	8	10	0	0	61	19	60
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	32	19	9	6	0	1	65	15	3435
2020	Indigenous	34	32	14	11	10	0	0	66	21	146
2020	Métis	38	31	11	11	9	0	0	69	20	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	33	21	11	6	0	0	62	17	4032
2019	Indigenous	29	32	17	15	6	0	1	62	21	135
2019	Métis	29	35	12	19	4	0	2	65	23	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	32	20	10	6	0	1	64	16	3645
2018	Indigenous	28	29	21	13	8	1	0	58	21	129
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	31	24	13	7	0	1	56	20	3431

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	54	21	12	7	3	0	3	77	10	115
2022	First Nations	55	18	13	8	4	0	2	74	12	45
2022	Métis	57	20	11	6	2	0	4	80	8	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	59	21	9	4	5	1	2	82	9	3425
2020	Indigenous	58	25	9	5	2	0	1	84	7	144
2020	Métis	58	25	8	6	2	0	0	83	9	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	27	11	4	2	0	1	83	5	4007
2019	Indigenous	47	26	17	5	3	0	2	74	8	133
2019	Métis	52	23	17	4	1	0	3	77	6	75
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	25	12	5	3	0	1	80	8	3649
2018	Indigenous	60	23	9	4	2	1	1	84	7	130
2018	Non-Indigenous	52	26	12	4	3	0	2	79	8	3422

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	36	11	4	4	0	81	8	115
2022	First Nations	41	43	14	0	3	0	84	3	45
2022	Métis	49	35	8	5	3	0	84	8	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	31	12	5	3	1	80	8	3435
2020	Indigenous	32	41	16	5	5	1	74	10	145
2020	Métis	30	42	15	5	6	1	74	11	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	36	20	7	3	0	70	10	4022

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	72	14	6	3	0	0	5	91	3	115
2022	First Nations	63	22	7	2	0	0	5	91	2	45
2022	Métis	79	8	5	3	0	0	4	91	4	60
2022	Non-Indigenous	73	12	4	1	2	1	7	93	3	3435
2020	Indigenous	75	11	7	3	0	1	3	89	3	145
2020	Métis	74	10	7	4	0	0	5	88	4	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	72	17	5	1	1	1	4	93	2	4023
2019	Indigenous	64	14	9	1	5	0	7	84	7	133
2019	Métis	68	14	10	2	1	0	5	86	4	75
2019	Non-Indigenous	72	12	5	2	2	1	6	91	4	3650
2018	Indigenous	72	13	7	4	3	0	1	87	6	130
2018	Non-Indigenous	68	16	6	3	2	1	5	89	5	3430

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	75	10	7	1	4	1	3	88	5	115
2022	First Nations	76	6	12	0	3	2	2	85	3	45
2022	Métis	74	11	6	1	5	0	3	88	6	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	77	10	3	2	3	1	4	91	6	3440
2020	Indigenous	76	9	2	4	4	1	3	89	9	144
2020	Métis	78	5	3	2	7	1	4	88	10	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	79	9	4	2	2	1	3	91	4	4016
2019	Indigenous	67	13	9	6	4	0	1	80	11	135
2019	Métis	74	12	5	4	3	0	2	87	7	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	72	12	5	3	5	1	3	86	8	3663
2018	Indigenous	66	19	5	4	5	0	0	86	9	130
2018	Non-Indigenous	68	14	6	3	3	1	3	86	7	3434

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	67	17	8	3	2	0	3	87	5	115
2022	First Nations	62	22	6	4	4	0	2	85	9	45
2022	Métis	73	14	8	2	0	0	3	90	2	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	68	19	6	2	2	0	2	90	4	3435
2020	Indigenous	68	19	4	4	2	1	2	90	6	143
2020	Métis	75	12	4	3	2	1	3	91	5	84
2020	Non-Indigenous	69	21	6	2	1	0	1	91	3	3999
2019	Indigenous	51	24	14	5	5	0	1	76	10	134
2019	Métis	57	22	14	3	2	0	2	80	6	76
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	26	11	3	3	0	1	83	6	3649
2018	Indigenous	56	22	12	4	5	0	1	78	9	129
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	27	11	4	3	0	1	82	7	3454

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	66	20	5	4	5	1	86	9	115
2022	First Nations	64	16	5	6	6	2	82	13	45
2022	Métis	66	22	5	3	4	0	88	8	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	66	18	6	3	5	2	86	8	3435
2020	Indigenous	65	21	3	4	5	2	87	10	146
2020	Métis	67	18	1	4	8	3	87	12	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	68	16	8	4	3	1	85	7	4019
2019	Indigenous	55	18	11	10	5	1	74	15	135
2019	Métis	56	20	8	12	3	1	77	15	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	18	9	5	5	1	80	11	3647
2018	Indigenous	57	15	17	4	7	1	73	10	131
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	21	11	5	5	1	78	10	3438

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	63	10	1	3	2	22	93	6	115
2022	First Nations	67	7	0	4	3	19	91	9	45
2022	Métis	59	12	2	2	0	26	95	2	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	61	11	4	1	1	21	92	3	3430
2020	Indigenous	65	13	1	1	2	18	95	4	146
2020	Métis	60	20	2	2	1	15	94	4	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	62	10	4	1	1	22	93	3	4028
2019	Indigenous	56	12	4	2	1	25	91	4	134
2019	Métis	56	13	4	3	0	24	90	5	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	12	5	2	1	24	90	4	3628
2018	Indigenous	56	9	6	1	1	27	89	3	129
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	12	6	2	1	28	88	4	3426

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	68	17	8	2	1	0	4	88	3	115
2022	First Nations	71	17	8	0	3	0	2	89	3	45
2022	Métis	66	19	6	3	0	0	6	90	3	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	71	17	6	1	1	1	4	91	2	3430
2020	Indigenous	60	24	6	3	4	0	3	86	8	147
2020	Métis	62	23	8	5	0	0	3	87	5	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	68	20	6	2	1	0	3	91	3	4038
2019	Indigenous	60	20	9	4	3	1	2	83	8	133
2019	Métis	63	22	6	4	3	1	2	87	6	76
2019	Non-Indigenous	66	20	7	2	1	0	3	89	3	3647
2018	Indigenous	58	19	11	3	4	0	5	81	7	130
2018	Non-Indigenous	60	22	9	2	1	0	5	87	4	3434

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	72	13	5	4	3	1	2	88	7	115
2022	First Nations	73	8	5	8	2	0	4	85	10	45
2022	Métis	74	14	5	2	3	1	1	90	5	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	72	14	5	2	3	1	3	89	6	3435
2020	Indigenous	64	16	9	2	5	2	2	84	7	147
2020	Métis	63	19	7	2	5	3	2	86	7	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	68	18	7	2	3	1	2	88	6	4044
2019	Indigenous	72	15	6	1	4	1	2	88	6	134
2019	Métis	75	16	3	1	2	1	2	93	3	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	73	15	5	2	2	0	3	90	5	3658
2018	Indigenous	71	17	6	1	3	0	3	90	5	130
2018	Non-Indigenous	69	16	6	3	3	1	3	88	6	3447

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	51	25	19	1	1	1	1	77	3	115
2022	First Nations	51	25	21	2	2	0	0	76	4	45
2022	Métis	51	24	18	1	3	2	2	78	4	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	27	12	4	3	0	2	81	7	3435
2020	Indigenous	38	39	11	5	5	1	1	78	11	146
2020	Métis	37	40	14	3	4	0	2	78	8	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	30	15	5	2	0	1	78	7	4046
2019	Indigenous	49	25	15	4	3	0	3	77	8	135
2019	Métis	50	27	14	2	3	0	4	80	6	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	27	12	3	2	0	2	83	5	3658
2018	Indigenous	43	32	14	6	3	0	3	77	9	129
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	31	13	4	2	0	2	81	6	3443

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	32	37	10	8	46	17	115
2022	First Nations	9	40	40	8	4	48	12	45
2022	Métis	16	29	36	10	9	45	20	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	33	38	12	5	44	17	3445
2020	Indigenous	11	46	28	7	7	57	14	147
2020	Métis	13	47	28	6	6	60	12	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	37	34	11	3	52	14	4045
2019	Indigenous	15	32	33	14	5	48	19	136
2019	Métis	16	33	33	17	0	50	17	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	37	32	11	4	53	15	3674
2018	Indigenous	15	32	38	11	4	47	15	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	34	37	12	4	48	16	3456

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	17	44	20	11	0	31	24	115
2022	First Nations	2	15	49	23	12	0	35	17	45
2022	Métis	10	17	41	20	12	0	32	27	60
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	19	39	23	12	0	35	26	3440
2020	Indigenous	13	14	36	32	6	0	38	27	146
2020	Métis	9	15	33	34	9	0	43	25	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	18	39	24	10	0	34	27	4038
2019	Indigenous	13	18	31	27	11	0	38	31	134
2019	Métis	7	24	28	30	11	0	41	31	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	17	38	24	12	0	36	26	3641
2018	Indigenous	9	20	34	24	12	1	37	29	130
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	18	38	24	11	0	35	27	3431

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	39	14	9	3	4	1	72	13	115
2022	First Nations	26	45	19	6	2	2	0	73	8	45
2022	Métis	33	34	12	11	3	5	1	72	15	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	40	16	8	4	4	0	71	12	3445
2020	Indigenous	47	33	14	5	1	0	0	80	6	146
2020	Métis	50	32	13	4	1	0	0	82	5	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	37	10	3	2	1	0	84	5	4041
2019	Indigenous	29	32	21	10	4	5	0	64	14	135
2019	Métis	34	29	20	12	1	4	0	66	13	78
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	38	18	9	5	4	0	67	14	3659
2018	Indigenous	31	36	16	10	5	3	0	69	14	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	39	21	8	4	4	0	65	13	3442

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	33	36	17	4	115
2022	First Nations	10	36	37	15	3	45
2022	Métis	8	34	35	17	5	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	29	35	19	5	3445

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	32	9	3	1	2	0	86	5	115
2022	First Nations	50	41	4	4	0	0	0	92	4	45
2022	Métis	59	24	9	1	1	5	0	87	3	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	25	9	3	3	3	1	84	6	3445
2020	Indigenous	51	26	15	2	2	3	0	80	5	146
2020	Métis	55	26	10	3	2	4	0	85	5	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	26	10	4	3	2	0	82	7	4029

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	34	5	5	8	0	82	13	115
2022	First Nations	44	45	2	2	7	0	89	9	45
2022	Métis	55	26	6	6	8	0	80	13	60
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	26	9	8	7	2	75	15	3445
2020	Indigenous	44	25	11	13	7	1	70	20	146
2020	Métis	54	16	11	12	5	1	71	17	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	27	10	10	7	1	72	17	4029

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	59	28	4	5	4	0	87	9	115
2022	First Nations	60	29	4	4	3	0	89	7	45
2022	Métis	61	24	5	5	5	0	85	10	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	28	6	5	4	1	85	9	3445
2020	Indigenous	53	24	10	7	5	1	77	13	147
2020	Métis	59	17	12	7	3	1	77	11	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	27	7	6	4	1	83	10	4035

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	37	9	15	5	3	1	70	20	115
2022	First Nations	21	43	9	20	2	3	2	68	23	45
2022	Métis	37	34	9	11	5	3	0	74	17	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	39	13	8	6	2	0	72	14	3445
2020	Indigenous	40	34	11	7	7	1	0	74	14	146
2020	Métis	41	35	10	6	6	2	0	78	12	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	33	13	8	4	1	0	75	12	4043
2019	Indigenous	20	28	28	12	11	1	0	49	23	134
2019	Métis	20	28	33	12	6	0	0	48	18	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	36	18	12	7	2	0	62	20	3670
2018	Indigenous	25	36	14	11	9	5	0	65	21	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	37	19	11	7	2	0	62	18	3448

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	44	5	16	0	0	0	78	16	35
2022	First Nations	34	60	0	7	0	0	0	93	7	15
2022	Métis	32	44	6	19	0	0	0	75	19	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	53	12	12	3	1	0	72	16	940
2020	Indigenous	19	55	12	15	0	0	0	74	15	36
2020	Métis	25	44	8	23	0	0	0	69	23	23
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	45	14	12	3	1	1	71	15	1040
2019	Indigenous	21	56	11	9	0	3	0	79	10	35
2019	Métis	23	57	6	10	0	4	0	84	10	24
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	43	16	13	5	3	2	64	19	928

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Duty to Accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	93	115
2022	First Nations	5	95	45
2022	Métis	8	92	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	3445
2020	Indigenous	9	91	147
2020	Métis	11	89	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	4034
2019	Indigenous	20	80	135
2019	Métis	17	83	77
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	85	3671

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	49	310
2020	Indigenous	72	28	13
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	58	411

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	66	34	310
2020	Indigenous	68	32	14
2020	Non-Indigenous	79	21	411
2019	Indigenous	74	26	27
2019	Métis	94	6	13
2019	Non-Indigenous	79	21	544

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	40	8	6	4	0	0	82	10	210
2019	Indigenous	45	28	12	9	5	0	0	74	14	20
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	34	7	10	4	1	1	79	14	426

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	44	31	12	4	4	4	2	79	8	115
2022	First Nations	46	30	14	2	4	2	2	79	6	45
2022	Métis	45	31	9	6	4	3	2	80	11	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	31	8	4	3	4	3	84	7	3445
2020	Indigenous	47	29	12	4	3	3	2	80	7	147
2020	Métis	49	29	9	1	5	4	2	84	7	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	28	9	4	2	2	3	84	7	4037

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Compensation

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	50	13	1	115
2022	First Nations	34	54	12	0	45
2022	Métis	36	49	12	2	60
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	52	14	1	3445
2020	Indigenous	43	37	20	1	147
2020	Métis	39	40	20	1	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	43	17	1	4054

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	61	40
2022	First Nations	36	64	15
2022	Métis	35	65	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	69	1140
2020	Indigenous	43	57	64
2020	Métis	44	56	34
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	67	1590

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	17	23	3	44	2	3	26	50	40
2022	First Nations	6	15	15	0	64	0	0	21	64	15
2022	Métis	10	21	33	0	27	4	5	34	29	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	13	14	19	40	2	4	23	62	1140
2020	Indigenous	7	17	12	29	26	4	5	26	60	64
2020	Métis	9	13	3	28	35	7	5	25	72	34
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	16	15	20	36	1	4	25	60	1590

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	12	16	14	42	0	8	22	61	40
2022	First Nations	6	14	16	17	48	0	0	19	64	15
2022	Métis	10	13	17	8	39	0	13	27	53	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	9	12	20	44	3	9	15	71	1140
2020	Indigenous	7	10	11	26	36	3	8	18	70	64
2020	Métis	9	9	5	21	43	3	9	21	73	34
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	12	13	20	42	2	7	19	67	1592

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	12	10	10	10	3	23	59	27	115
2022	First Nations	36	6	9	11	10	2	28	59	29	45
2022	Métis	34	18	9	7	11	3	18	66	22	65
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	16	12	6	8	3	17	68	17	3445
2020	Indigenous	37	20	10	7	13	1	11	66	23	147
2020	Métis	40	16	11	7	14	1	10	64	24	85
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	16	13	8	9	2	11	66	20	4050
2019	Indigenous	41	16	9	11	9	4	9	66	24	134
2019	Métis	42	17	8	11	10	4	8	67	25	76
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	17	14	10	11	1	7	62	23	3634
2018	Indigenous	43	19	14	8	11	1	5	65	20	132
2018	Non-Indigenous	42	15	14	9	10	1	8	63	22	3446

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Hybrid Work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?
Survey year	Demographic	20% (1 out of 5 days) (%)	40% (2 out of 5 days) (%)	60% (3 out of 5 days) (%)	80% (4 out of 5 days) (%)	Other Please specify (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	8	10	4	38	90
2022	First Nations	39	11	12	0	38	35
2022	Métis	40	7	7	7	38	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	18	8	2	32	2870

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	42	100
2022	First Nations	60	40	40
2022	Métis	55	45	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	44	3055

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	63	100
2022	First Nations	42	58	40
2022	Métis	29	71	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	64	3055

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	61	100
2022	First Nations	25	75	40
2022	Métis	47	53	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	43	3055

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	72	100
2022	First Nations	22	78	40
2022	Métis	26	74	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	58	3055

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	80	100
2022	First Nations	9	91	40
2022	Métis	27	73	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	3055

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	58	100
2022	First Nations	33	67	40
2022	Métis	43	57	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	59	3055

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	77	100
2022	First Nations	23	77	40
2022	Métis	17	83	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	79	3055

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	80	100
2022	First Nations	17	83	40
2022	Métis	20	80	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	3055

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	76	100
2022	First Nations	25	75	40
2022	Métis	21	79	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	3055

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	78	100
2022	First Nations	24	76	40
2022	Métis	17	83	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	3055

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	78	100
2022	First Nations	22	78	40
2022	Métis	19	81	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	70	3055

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	3	97	100
2022	First Nations	2	98	40
2022	Métis	4	96	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	3055

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	79	100
2022	First Nations	20	80	40
2022	Métis	24	76	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	3055

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	80	9	3	1	3	2	2	93	4	100
2022	First Nations	79	5	3	3	5	3	3	89	8	40
2022	Métis	88	7	3	0	2	0	0	95	2	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	80	12	3	1	1	0	3	94	2	3055

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	4	16	8	13	52	4	3	70	21	100
2022	First Nations	5	14	10	16	48	4	3	70	20	40
2022	Métis	2	15	7	11	61	4	2	75	17	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	11	14	16	45	3	5	66	18	3050

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	14	12	14	47	5	1	66	22	100
2022	First Nations	5	12	12	19	41	8	3	68	19	40
2022	Métis	6	11	13	10	57	2	0	69	18	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	18	17	17	36	3	2	57	26	3055

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Transport Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources