2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Transport Canada by Question 102. Are you currently a shift worker?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented according to the numerical order of questions, grouped by section theme as they appeared in the questionnaire. Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

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My Job

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	57	31	6	5	2	87	7	135
2022	Non-shift worker	44	41	4	8	4	85	12	3580
2020	Shift worker	40	42	4	11	3	82	15	151
2020	Non-shift worker	44	44	3	7	2	88	9	4074

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	76	19	2	3	0	0	0	95	3	135
2022	Non-shift worker	73	20	3	2	1	1	0	94	3	3580
2020	Shift worker	74	20	4	1	1	0	1	94	2	149
2020	Non-shift worker	77	17	3	1	1	0	0	95	3	4062

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	53	31	3	7	4	0	1	85	12	135
2022	Non-shift worker	48	32	8	7	4	0	1	81	11	3575
2020	Shift worker	42	36	11	7	3	1	0	79	10	150
2020	Non-shift worker	48	37	7	5	2	0	1	86	7	4062
2019	Shift worker	43	36	5	12	3	0	0	80	15	147
2019	Non-shift worker	42	36	7	10	5	0	0	78	14	3651

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	42	32	9	12	5	0	73	17	135
2022	Non-shift worker	31	37	12	12	7	0	69	19	3580
2020	Shift worker	39	32	10	11	7	1	72	18	151
2020	Non-shift worker	34	37	13	11	5	1	71	16	4054
2019	Shift worker	35	31	16	10	7	1	67	17	146
2019	Non-shift worker	25	36	13	16	10	0	61	26	3642
2018	Shift worker	33	35	9	17	5	0	68	23	120
2018	Non-shift worker	23	42	10	15	9	0	65	25	3499

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	54	29	7	6	4	0	83	10	135
2022	Non-shift worker	50	34	8	5	2	0	84	8	3575
2020	Shift worker	43	32	14	7	4	1	76	10	151
2020	Non-shift worker	51	34	8	5	2	0	85	7	4032
2019	Shift worker	53	29	11	3	4	0	82	7	145
2019	Non-shift worker	43	37	10	7	3	0	80	10	3626

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	54	20	15	5	4	1	75	9	135
2022	Non-shift worker	48	31	9	6	5	0	80	11	3580
2020	Shift worker	53	29	11	5	2	0	82	7	150
2020	Non-shift worker	51	30	9	6	3	0	82	9	4054
2019	Shift worker	55	23	9	7	5	1	79	13	146
2019	Non-shift worker	49	31	8	7	4	0	80	11	3646
2018	Shift worker	51	28	10	6	4	1	80	10	119
2018	Non-shift worker	48	33	9	6	3	0	82	10	3491

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	49	34	11	2	4	83	7	135
2022	Non-shift worker	39	39	11	6	4	78	10	3580
2020	Shift worker	40	39	11	7	3	79	10	150
2020	Non-shift worker	41	39	11	6	3	80	9	4067
2019	Shift worker	46	36	9	5	4	82	9	147
2019	Non-shift worker	35	39	12	8	5	75	13	3651
2018	Shift worker	42	42	6	3	7	84	10	118
2018	Non-shift worker	34	41	13	8	5	74	13	3480

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	45	24	18	6	8	0	69	13	135
2022	Non-shift worker	34	36	14	9	7	0	70	16	3580
2020	Shift worker	37	34	14	7	7	0	71	15	151
2020	Non-shift worker	37	35	13	9	5	0	73	14	4068
2019	Shift worker	42	35	10	6	8	0	76	14	146
2019	Non-shift worker	31	37	15	10	7	0	68	17	3648
2018	Shift worker	37	34	17	4	6	1	72	11	120
2018	Non-shift worker	29	35	17	10	8	0	65	18	3494

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	42	40	9	7	2	83	9	135
2022	Non-shift worker	34	43	10	9	4	77	13	3575
2020	Shift worker	34	44	13	6	3	78	9	151
2020	Non-shift worker	34	42	12	9	3	76	12	4045
2019	Shift worker	41	33	17	8	1	74	9	146
2019	Non-shift worker	29	42	13	11	5	71	16	3632
2018	Shift worker	37	30	19	10	4	67	14	118
2018	Non-shift worker	27	40	15	11	6	68	17	3495

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	42	42	10	4	1	1	85	5	135
2022	Non-shift worker	47	37	8	4	2	0	85	7	3570
2020	Shift worker	48	39	7	5	1	0	87	6	148
2020	Non-shift worker	49	36	9	4	2	0	85	6	4060
2019	Shift worker	47	41	9	3	1	0	87	4	146
2019	Non-shift worker	42	39	11	5	3	0	81	9	3633
2018	Shift worker	46	44	6	2	2	0	91	4	119
2018	Non-shift worker	41	43	9	5	2	0	84	7	3494

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	39	37	13	3	7	0	76	10	135
2022	Non-shift worker	37	36	13	8	6	0	73	14	3575
2020	Shift worker	37	36	16	5	5	1	74	10	151
2020	Non-shift worker	40	35	13	8	5	0	75	12	4064
2019	Shift worker	40	39	9	4	6	1	81	10	146
2019	Non-shift worker	34	36	14	9	7	0	70	16	3641
2018	Shift worker	40	32	13	6	9	0	72	15	120
2018	Non-shift worker	32	39	14	9	7	0	70	16	3482

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	63	25	9	1	1	0	89	2	135
2022	Non-shift worker	53	33	9	3	2	0	86	5	3575
2020	Shift worker	63	24	9	2	2	1	87	4	148
2020	Non-shift worker	54	32	9	3	2	0	86	5	4039
2019	Shift worker	55	30	10	2	2	0	85	4	145
2019	Non-shift worker	50	34	10	4	2	0	84	5	3621
2018	Shift worker	61	32	3	1	2	0	93	3	119
2018	Non-shift worker	49	35	10	4	2	0	85	5	3463

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	33	32	22	6	6	0	65	13	135
2022	Non-shift worker	35	39	12	9	6	0	74	14	3570
2020	Shift worker	38	35	14	8	4	1	74	12	151
2020	Non-shift worker	39	38	12	7	4	0	77	11	4047
2019	Shift worker	38	35	14	7	6	0	72	13	146
2019	Non-shift worker	33	39	13	10	6	0	72	15	3625
2018	Shift worker	34	36	15	9	6	0	70	15	120
2018	Non-shift worker	32	38	14	9	6	0	71	15	3473

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	42	34	15	4	5	0	76	9	135
2022	Non-shift worker	40	34	13	7	5	0	75	12	3570
2020	Shift worker	42	27	21	5	5	0	69	10	151
2020	Non-shift worker	43	33	13	7	4	0	76	11	4060
2019	Shift worker	41	32	14	7	6	0	73	13	146
2019	Non-shift worker	36	35	14	9	6	0	71	15	3639
2018	Shift worker	40	28	19	7	5	1	68	12	119
2018	Non-shift worker	35	34	15	9	7	0	69	16	3475

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	42	38	13	3	4	0	0	80	7	135
2022	Non-shift worker	38	36	13	8	5	0	0	75	12	3575
2020	Shift worker	41	37	13	6	3	1	0	79	8	150
2020	Non-shift worker	38	39	12	7	3	0	0	78	10	4026
2019	Shift worker	41	39	11	5	5	0	0	79	10	142
2019	Non-shift worker	32	40	13	10	5	0	0	72	15	3582
2018	Shift worker	43	28	15	9	4	0	1	72	13	120
2018	Non-shift worker	32	36	15	10	6	0	0	69	16	3481

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	50	33	12	2	3	84	5	135
2022	Non-shift worker	44	37	11	5	3	82	8	3575
2020	Shift worker	51	40	5	2	2	91	4	150
2020	Non-shift worker	48	36	10	5	2	84	7	4057
2019	Shift worker	50	36	8	3	3	86	6	147
2019	Non-shift worker	40	40	11	5	3	81	8	3657
2018	Shift worker	50	35	8	2	4	85	7	119
2018	Non-shift worker	41	38	12	6	3	80	9	3493

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	51	30	13	2	1	4	84	3	135
2022	Non-shift worker	37	32	16	8	6	1	69	14	3580
2020	Shift worker	49	36	9	4	2	1	85	6	149
2020	Non-shift worker	35	35	16	9	5	0	70	13	4055
2019	Shift worker	49	31	13	4	2	1	81	6	145
2019	Non-shift worker	35	33	18	8	5	0	68	13	3622
2018	Shift worker	41	35	16	4	2	2	78	6	120
2018	Non-shift worker	33	33	19	9	6	0	66	14	3502

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	6	16	30	28	15	2	3	44	24	135
2022	Non-shift worker	9	23	38	18	9	1	2	28	33	3570
2020	Shift worker	5	21	34	28	8	1	2	37	27	151
2020	Non-shift worker	8	22	37	22	9	1	1	32	31	4059
2019	Shift worker	5	19	35	23	14	1	3	38	25	147
2019	Non-shift worker	9	26	38	18	7	1	1	26	36	3642
2018	Shift worker	7	23	30	21	14	1	4	36	32	119
2018	Non-shift worker	10	26	37	19	6	1	1	25	37	3491

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	13	24	26	18	10	4	6	31	41	135
2022	Non-shift worker	14	26	33	16	8	1	3	24	41	3570
2020	Shift worker	9	17	29	22	16	2	5	41	28	150
2020	Non-shift worker	12	22	33	21	10	1	1	32	34	4050
2019	Shift worker	11	16	31	21	17	1	3	39	29	145
2019	Non-shift worker	16	25	32	17	8	1	1	25	42	3633
2018	Shift worker	10	23	32	19	11	1	4	31	35	120
2018	Non-shift worker	16	26	31	16	7	2	1	24	44	3482

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	4	10	15	29	33	4	5	68	16	135
2022	Non-shift worker	8	15	34	26	14	1	2	42	24	3565
2020	Shift worker	3	10	20	34	27	1	5	65	14	149
2020	Non-shift worker	7	14	32	31	15	1	1	46	21	4039
2019	Shift worker	3	10	17	34	31	1	2	68	14	146
2019	Non-shift worker	7	16	33	29	12	1	1	43	24	3629
2018	Shift worker	1	16	24	31	20	1	6	56	19	120
2018	Non-shift worker	8	16	34	28	12	1	1	41	24	3483

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	5	11	18	26	26	4	10	60	19	135
2022	Non-shift worker	15	21	28	19	13	1	3	33	38	3570
2020	Shift worker	9	10	20	27	30	1	3	59	19	148
2020	Non-shift worker	11	18	28	25	15	1	1	41	31	4050
2019	Shift worker	7	19	17	25	26	4	2	55	28	147
2019	Non-shift worker	15	22	27	20	12	2	2	33	39	3638
2018	Shift worker	7	17	32	22	15	2	6	39	26	119
2018	Non-shift worker	16	22	29	19	10	2	2	30	39	3487

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	9	16	15	17	27	11	6	53	30	135
2022	Non-shift worker	10	18	25	22	17	3	5	42	30	3570
2020	Shift worker	8	7	19	34	29	1	3	65	16	151
2020	Non-shift worker	6	10	24	31	24	3	2	58	16	4039
2019	Shift worker	10	14	20	21	28	4	5	53	26	147
2019	Non-shift worker	10	16	27	26	16	3	2	44	28	3632
2018	Shift worker	8	10	24	29	18	5	6	53	20	120
2018	Non-shift worker	10	19	27	24	14	3	3	40	31	3473

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	7	16	27	18	19	6	7	42	26	135
2022	Non-shift worker	15	24	32	16	10	2	2	27	40	3575
2020	Shift worker	10	15	27	19	21	4	4	43	27	149
2020	Non-shift worker	12	20	35	20	11	1	1	32	32	4040
2019	Shift worker	7	16	22	25	22	5	2	51	25	147
2019	Non-shift worker	16	24	33	16	8	2	1	24	42	3642
2018	Shift worker	9	19	28	21	11	6	7	36	32	120
2018	Non-shift worker	17	26	31	15	7	2	2	23	44	3496

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	4	12	27	22	23	5	7	51	18	135
2022	Non-shift worker	6	14	33	27	17	1	2	46	20	3575
2020	Shift worker	9	18	32	22	17	1	1	40	28	151
2020	Non-shift worker	6	16	36	29	12	0	1	41	22	4060
2019	Shift worker	6	18	26	29	19	1	1	49	24	147
2019	Non-shift worker	10	19	33	24	12	1	1	37	30	3645

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My Work Unit

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	27	31	15	6	8	8	4	66	16	135
2022	Non-shift worker	30	29	16	7	6	6	6	67	14	3575
2020	Shift worker	27	28	19	9	13	3	1	57	23	150
2020	Non-shift worker	31	30	16	7	5	5	4	68	14	4070
2019	Shift worker	37	23	13	7	10	6	4	67	19	147
2019	Non-shift worker	29	30	16	10	7	4	4	65	18	3648
2018	Shift worker	32	24	14	12	12	5	1	60	26	118
2018	Non-shift worker	25	31	19	9	7	5	3	62	18	3487

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	55	25	9	5	6	0	80	11	135
2022	Non-shift worker	56	26	6	6	5	1	83	11	3570
2020	Shift worker	44	29	10	6	11	0	73	18	150
2020	Non-shift worker	54	26	8	7	4	1	81	11	4054
2019	Shift worker	51	27	6	8	7	1	79	15	147
2019	Non-shift worker	47	29	8	8	7	1	77	15	3644
2018	Shift worker	48	25	7	10	10	0	74	20	117
2018	Non-shift worker	45	30	9	10	7	1	75	17	3478

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	58	28	4	5	5	0	0	87	10	135
2022	Non-shift worker	60	28	5	5	3	0	0	88	7	3575
2020	Shift worker	49	31	8	6	6	0	0	80	12	150
2020	Non-shift worker	59	28	5	5	2	0	0	87	7	4050
2019	Shift worker	58	23	5	8	6	0	1	81	14	146
2019	Non-shift worker	50	32	8	7	4	0	0	82	11	3643
2018	Shift worker	54	23	7	5	10	1	0	78	15	118
2018	Non-shift worker	49	33	8	7	3	0	0	83	10	3485

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	48	38	7	2	3	1	0	87	5	135
2022	Non-shift worker	51	33	9	4	2	1	0	85	6	3575
2020	Shift worker	42	36	12	6	4	1	0	78	9	149
2020	Non-shift worker	51	33	10	4	2	1	0	85	6	4044
2019	Shift worker	45	38	7	3	5	1	1	84	8	147
2019	Non-shift worker	44	36	11	5	3	1	0	81	8	3648
2018	Shift worker	37	36	15	5	6	2	0	74	11	118
2018	Non-shift worker	41	39	12	5	2	1	0	81	7	3489

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	45	23	10	5	5	6	4	77	12	135
2022	Non-shift worker	48	24	10	4	4	6	4	81	9	3575

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	45	24	12	4	4	6	5	78	8	135
2022	Non-shift worker	46	26	10	4	3	6	4	80	9	3575

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My Immediate Supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	40	39	12	1	3	2	4	84	4	135
2022	Non-shift worker	52	28	11	3	2	1	3	83	6	3575
2020	Shift worker	36	35	16	5	3	1	3	75	9	151
2020	Non-shift worker	56	24	12	4	2	1	2	82	6	4056
2019	Shift worker	50	24	14	7	1	2	3	77	8	147
2019	Non-shift worker	51	26	13	4	3	1	2	79	8	3652

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	44	37	8	3	7	1	0	82	10	135
2022	Non-shift worker	45	31	11	7	5	0	0	76	12	3580
2020	Shift worker	45	26	17	7	5	0	0	70	12	150
2020	Non-shift worker	48	30	10	7	4	0	0	79	11	4057
2019	Shift worker	52	28	12	1	5	1	1	82	7	147
2019	Non-shift worker	44	30	12	8	6	0	1	75	13	3656
2018	Shift worker	46	32	13	5	2	0	1	79	8	120
2018	Non-shift worker	41	34	12	7	5	1	0	75	12	3493

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	56	23	8	4	7	1	2	81	11	135
2022	Non-shift worker	52	24	12	4	5	2	2	78	10	3575
2020	Shift worker	50	25	11	7	4	2	1	77	12	151
2020	Non-shift worker	53	24	11	5	4	2	2	79	9	4051

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	56	24	9	2	7	1	1	82	9	135
2022	Non-shift worker	49	31	9	6	4	0	1	81	10	3570
2020	Shift worker	47	30	11	6	4	1	1	79	10	151
2020	Non-shift worker	52	29	9	6	4	0	0	81	10	4060
2019	Shift worker	55	23	14	6	2	0	1	78	8	146
2019	Non-shift worker	46	30	10	7	6	0	1	77	13	3643
2018	Shift worker	46	37	7	9	2	0	0	83	11	120
2018	Non-shift worker	44	32	10	8	5	1	0	77	13	3480

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	55	17	9	1	4	4	10	84	6	135
2022	Non-shift worker	66	21	5	2	2	1	1	90	5	3580

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	60	20	6	4	8	1	81	12	135
2022	Non-shift worker	57	25	8	6	4	0	82	10	3580
2020	Shift worker	57	26	9	4	4	0	84	7	151
2020	Non-shift worker	62	21	9	5	3	0	83	8	4068
2019	Shift worker	59	25	6	5	5	0	84	10	147
2019	Non-shift worker	53	26	9	6	5	0	79	12	3657
2018	Shift worker	52	28	13	3	4	0	80	8	117
2018	Non-shift worker	49	28	10	6	5	0	78	12	3490

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	81	14	2	1	2	1	95	3	135
2022	Non-shift worker	82	10	3	1	1	3	95	2	3580
2019	Shift worker	83	9	3	1	1	2	94	3	147
2019	Non-shift worker	80	10	4	2	2	2	93	4	3638

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Senior Management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	45	21	7	7	9	11	1	75	18	135
2022	Non-shift worker	37	31	13	7	5	7	0	73	13	3580
2020	Shift worker	41	27	12	7	6	7	0	72	14	151
2020	Non-shift worker	45	28	12	5	4	6	0	77	10	4069
2019	Shift worker	42	25	14	3	6	7	2	73	11	147
2019	Non-shift worker	31	32	16	8	7	6	0	68	15	3654
2018	Shift worker	36	33	17	4	3	7	0	74	7	120
2018	Non-shift worker	31	31	17	8	6	6	0	66	16	3498

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	38	27	11	8	9	7	0	69	19	135
2022	Non-shift worker	30	31	16	11	8	2	0	63	20	3580
2020	Shift worker	40	27	14	9	6	2	0	69	16	150
2020	Non-shift worker	41	31	13	8	5	2	0	74	13	4057
2019	Shift worker	39	25	14	7	8	4	2	69	16	147
2019	Non-shift worker	28	33	17	11	8	2	0	62	20	3647
2018	Shift worker	35	27	16	13	8	2	0	63	21	120
2018	Non-shift worker	27	31	19	12	9	2	0	59	21	3489

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	30	26	18	7	8	11	0	63	17	135
2022	Non-shift worker	23	29	20	14	10	5	0	55	25	3575
2020	Shift worker	34	21	17	14	9	5	0	58	24	149
2020	Non-shift worker	31	33	16	10	6	4	0	67	16	4059
2019	Shift worker	32	28	12	8	9	9	2	67	19	147
2019	Non-shift worker	20	30	21	15	9	5	0	52	25	3643
2018	Shift worker	21	32	18	18	6	5	0	56	25	120
2018	Non-shift worker	19	29	22	15	10	5	0	51	26	3490

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	30	35	14	7	9	5	0	68	17	135
2022	Non-shift worker	22	34	17	15	10	2	0	57	26	3580
2020	Shift worker	35	27	15	12	10	1	0	63	22	151
2020	Non-shift worker	30	36	15	12	6	2	0	67	18	4068
2019	Shift worker	27	28	14	13	10	5	2	60	25	147
2019	Non-shift worker	17	31	19	18	11	3	0	50	30	3656
2018	Shift worker	24	36	18	10	7	4	0	63	19	120
2018	Non-shift worker	17	31	19	19	11	3	0	49	31	3494

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	47	22	12	2	4	8	4	79	8	135
2022	Non-shift worker	41	27	14	5	3	7	3	76	8	3575
2020	Shift worker	47	25	14	2	6	6	1	77	8	151
2020	Non-shift worker	42	25	14	5	3	7	3	75	9	4063
2019	Shift worker	49	20	10	3	5	7	4	79	10	146
2019	Non-shift worker	39	23	13	5	4	12	3	73	11	3657

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My Organization (Department or Agency)

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	28	42	19	6	2	4	0	72	8	135
2022	Non-shift worker	26	43	17	9	4	1	0	70	13	3575
2020	Shift worker	32	44	12	6	6	0	1	76	12	151
2020	Non-shift worker	31	43	15	7	3	1	0	75	9	4067
2019	Shift worker	36	36	15	6	6	2	0	73	12	147
2019	Non-shift worker	22	42	19	10	4	2	0	66	15	3651
2018	Shift worker	29	45	14	9	2	1	0	75	11	120
2018	Non-shift worker	22	42	19	11	4	2	0	65	16	3499

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	23	37	19	9	5	4	2	64	16	135
2022	Non-shift worker	18	35	20	16	8	2	0	54	25	3570
2020	Shift worker	28	39	15	8	7	3	0	69	15	150
2020	Non-shift worker	25	39	18	11	5	2	0	66	16	4040
2019	Shift worker	31	36	12	12	7	1	0	68	19	147
2019	Non-shift worker	13	33	22	19	9	3	0	48	29	3638

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	31	31	14	10	7	6	1	67	18	135
2022	Non-shift worker	30	36	14	11	6	3	1	69	17	3575
2020	Shift worker	35	27	18	9	8	2	1	64	18	151
2020	Non-shift worker	36	35	13	8	4	3	1	73	13	4061
2019	Shift worker	35	28	14	10	6	4	2	67	17	147
2019	Non-shift worker	29	36	15	11	5	3	1	67	17	3645
2018	Shift worker	30	33	19	10	7	1	1	64	17	120
2018	Non-shift worker	31	38	14	8	4	2	1	72	13	3498

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	34	39	17	4	5	1	74	9	135
2022	Non-shift worker	32	37	18	6	4	2	72	10	3580
2020	Shift worker	35	33	20	5	6	1	68	12	150
2020	Non-shift worker	39	36	15	5	3	2	77	8	4049
2019	Shift worker	40	29	16	6	7	1	70	14	146
2019	Non-shift worker	27	36	21	8	6	2	64	14	3647
2018	Shift worker	41	24	21	8	4	2	66	12	120
2018	Non-shift worker	28	39	21	7	4	2	68	11	3486

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	30	26	16	3	9	15	1	67	14	135
2022	Non-shift worker	22	25	16	10	11	13	3	55	25	3580
2020	Shift worker	26	27	20	5	11	10	1	59	19	150
2020	Non-shift worker	26	25	18	10	8	10	2	58	21	4061
2019	Shift worker	32	24	16	10	8	7	3	62	20	146
2019	Non-shift worker	20	23	20	13	11	11	3	50	27	3644
2018	Shift worker	27	27	19	8	12	6	2	58	22	118
2018	Non-shift worker	19	25	21	12	11	10	2	50	26	3493

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	33	39	11	6	9	1	1	74	15	135
2022	Non-shift worker	27	33	17	11	8	3	0	62	20	3580
2020	Shift worker	29	33	18	7	11	1	1	64	18	150
2020	Non-shift worker	30	32	18	11	6	2	1	64	18	4060
2019	Shift worker	34	26	17	7	10	6	0	65	18	145
2019	Non-shift worker	22	30	19	14	12	3	0	54	27	3648
2018	Shift worker	29	29	17	11	11	3	0	60	22	119
2018	Non-shift worker	21	32	18	14	11	3	0	56	26	3495

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	45	18	13	5	5	1	13	74	11	135
2022	Non-shift worker	48	24	12	4	5	1	6	77	10	3580
2020	Shift worker	48	27	15	3	2	1	4	80	5	151
2020	Non-shift worker	52	22	12	5	3	1	4	78	9	4070
2019	Shift worker	49	24	14	3	3	0	7	80	6	147
2019	Non-shift worker	53	24	12	5	3	1	4	80	8	3639

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	43	21	14	6	4	2	9	72	12	135
2022	Non-shift worker	46	23	14	6	5	2	5	74	12	3575
2020	Shift worker	44	22	16	9	6	1	2	68	15	151
2020	Non-shift worker	46	24	15	7	4	1	3	74	11	4061
2019	Shift worker	46	15	12	6	10	4	6	68	18	147
2019	Non-shift worker	40	24	17	8	6	2	4	68	15	3633

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	72	6	5	0	5	4	8	89	5	135
2022	Non-shift worker	74	7	4	2	3	4	6	90	5	3575
2020	Shift worker	71	9	6	5	4	1	4	85	9	149
2020	Non-shift worker	76	8	4	2	2	3	4	91	5	4051
2019	Shift worker	76	9	4	1	3	1	6	91	4	147
2019	Non-shift worker	72	9	5	2	3	4	5	89	6	3635

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	66	10	7	1	2	2	11	88	4	135
2022	Non-shift worker	73	7	3	1	2	2	11	93	4	3580
2020	Shift worker	65	13	8	3	2	2	7	86	6	151
2020	Non-shift worker	76	9	3	1	1	2	7	94	2	4057
2019	Shift worker	75	7	2	3	2	2	10	93	5	145
2019	Non-shift worker	75	7	3	2	1	2	10	93	3	3624

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	23	35	16	7	14	3	2	61	22	135
2022	Non-shift worker	22	30	14	14	14	3	3	56	30	3580
2020	Shift worker	23	33	18	8	12	3	4	60	21	151
2020	Non-shift worker	24	28	17	13	12	3	2	55	27	4065
2019	Shift worker	32	24	15	7	13	8	1	61	23	147
2019	Non-shift worker	21	29	17	14	16	2	2	51	31	3656
2018	Shift worker	24	32	15	7	15	3	4	61	23	119
2018	Non-shift worker	21	29	17	14	15	3	1	52	30	3490

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	23	41	24	5	5	2	0	65	10	135
2022	Non-shift worker	27	39	18	9	4	3	0	68	14	3580
2020	Shift worker	24	47	12	9	5	2	0	73	14	150
2020	Non-shift worker	27	43	16	8	3	3	0	72	11	4059
2019	Shift worker	32	37	19	3	6	4	0	72	9	146
2019	Non-shift worker	21	42	19	9	5	3	0	65	14	3650
2018	Shift worker	26	36	20	10	5	2	1	65	15	120
2018	Non-shift worker	22	37	22	10	5	3	0	61	16	3493

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	51	29	8	4	7	1	81	11	135
2022	Non-shift worker	38	37	13	6	4	2	76	11	3580
2020	Shift worker	39	37	14	6	4	2	76	10	150
2020	Non-shift worker	42	36	12	5	2	2	80	8	4044
2019	Shift worker	47	30	13	2	6	2	79	8	146
2019	Non-shift worker	34	40	15	6	3	2	76	9	3643
2018	Shift worker	49	25	15	5	4	1	76	9	119
2018	Non-shift worker	40	38	13	4	2	2	80	7	3494

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	39	30	15	4	2	9	1	76	7	135
2022	Non-shift worker	38	35	13	4	3	7	1	79	7	3575
2020	Shift worker	36	35	19	4	1	4	1	75	5	150
2020	Non-shift worker	44	33	13	4	2	4	0	80	6	4046
2019	Shift worker	52	22	15	1	2	7	1	80	4	145
2019	Non-shift worker	39	35	15	4	2	4	1	78	6	3636
2018	Shift worker	52	24	16	4	2	2	0	78	6	119
2018	Non-shift worker	38	35	16	4	2	5	1	77	6	3491

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	38	20	13	5	3	19	1	74	11	135
2022	Non-shift worker	33	28	18	4	2	12	2	71	8	3580
2020	Shift worker	34	30	20	7	1	5	2	69	9	151
2020	Non-shift worker	43	32	14	3	2	5	1	80	5	4066

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	52	24	9	5	3	5	1	81	9	135
2022	Non-shift worker	45	30	9	4	4	5	3	82	9	3570
2020	Shift worker	43	35	8	4	6	2	2	81	10	151
2020	Non-shift worker	48	29	10	5	3	3	1	81	9	4052

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	3	6	8	4	46	4	29	75	14	135
2022	Non-shift worker	3	4	11	7	44	6	25	73	11	3570

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	13	17	19	3	6	34	9	52	15	135
2022	Non-shift worker	11	17	23	3	3	38	5	49	11	3575

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	63	23	7	3	4	1	86	7	135
2022	Non-shift worker	52	33	7	5	3	0	85	8	3580
2020	Shift worker	55	30	6	4	5	0	85	9	151
2020	Non-shift worker	59	28	6	3	2	0	88	6	4060
2019	Shift worker	64	22	5	4	5	0	86	9	145
2019	Non-shift worker	48	34	9	5	3	0	83	8	3652
2018	Shift worker	56	24	9	7	5	0	80	12	118
2018	Non-shift worker	48	36	10	4	2	0	84	6	3478

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	53	28	10	3	6	0	0	81	9	135
2022	Non-shift worker	46	31	12	7	4	0	0	77	11	3580
2020	Shift worker	55	27	8	4	6	0	1	82	10	151
2020	Non-shift worker	52	29	11	5	3	0	0	81	8	4049
2019	Shift worker	58	21	9	8	3	0	0	80	11	146
2019	Non-shift worker	39	31	15	7	6	1	0	71	13	3648
2018	Shift worker	47	26	14	6	7	0	0	73	13	119
2018	Non-shift worker	39	32	16	7	5	1	0	71	13	3486

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	54	27	10	5	4	81	9	135
2022	Non-shift worker	43	33	13	7	4	76	12	3580
2020	Shift worker	50	34	8	6	3	83	9	151
2020	Non-shift worker	50	31	11	6	3	81	8	4041
2019	Shift worker	57	23	8	8	4	80	12	145
2019	Non-shift worker	37	34	14	9	5	72	14	3633
2018	Shift worker	45	24	18	6	7	69	13	119
2018	Non-shift worker	37	34	15	8	5	72	13	3474

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	45	22	16	9	8	0	0	67	17	135
2022	Non-shift worker	39	26	17	8	6	4	1	67	15	3580
2020	Shift worker	44	24	16	6	6	2	1	71	12	151
2020	Non-shift worker	46	24	14	7	5	3	1	73	12	4063
2019	Shift worker	46	17	16	7	7	5	1	67	15	146
2019	Non-shift worker	35	26	18	10	7	3	1	63	18	3655
2018	Shift worker	37	18	19	13	9	2	2	57	23	118
2018	Non-shift worker	34	27	18	11	7	3	1	63	18	3497

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Mobility and Retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	40	36	24	135
2022	Non-shift worker	37	31	32	3580
2020	Shift worker	25	41	34	151
2020	Non-shift worker	24	40	36	4071
2019	Shift worker	31	34	35	145
2019	Non-shift worker	28	36	36	3659
2018	Shift worker	23	38	39	119
2018	Non-shift worker	26	38	36	3502

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes, to retire (%)	Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Yes, other reason Specify other reason (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	3	29	18	7	37	5	50
2022	Non-shift worker	19	34	24	7	8	7	1285
2020	Shift worker	2	45	26	3	17	7	37
2020	Non-shift worker	19	33	33	4	6	5	994
2019	Shift worker	11	24	15	9	36	5	43
2019	Non-shift worker	14	26	36	7	9	7	1056
2018	Shift worker	24	10	27	9	25	5	25
2018	Non-shift worker	15	28	33	7	8	8	941

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Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	9	91	135
2022	Non-shift worker	10	90	3580
2020	Shift worker	16	84	151
2020	Non-shift worker	9	91	4066
2019	Shift worker	10	90	147
2019	Non-shift worker	14	86	3650
2018	Shift worker	15	85	120
2018	Non-shift worker	14	86	3505

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	42	58	15
2022	Non-shift worker	40	60	380
2020	Shift worker	68	32	23
2020	Non-shift worker	45	55	380
2019	Shift worker	41	59	14
2019	Non-shift worker	54	46	507
2018	Shift worker	72	28	17
2018	Non-shift worker	52	48	504

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	74	26	15
2022	Non-shift worker	60	40	380
2020	Shift worker	54	46	23
2020	Non-shift worker	60	40	380
2018	Shift worker	31	69	17
2018	Non-shift worker	58	42	504

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	7	93	15
2022	Non-shift worker	7	93	380

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	0	100	15
2022	Non-shift worker	1	99	380
2020	Shift worker	0	100	23
2020	Non-shift worker	0	100	380

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	6	94	15
2022	Non-shift worker	7	93	380
2018	Shift worker	0	100	17
2018	Non-shift worker	6	94	504

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	6	94	15
2022	Non-shift worker	9	91	380
2018	Shift worker	0	100	17
2018	Non-shift worker	9	91	504

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	8	92	15
2022	Non-shift worker	5	95	380
2018	Shift worker	0	100	17
2018	Non-shift worker	5	95	504

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	68	32	15
2022	Non-shift worker	38	62	380
2020	Shift worker	53	47	23
2020	Non-shift worker	40	60	380
2019	Shift worker	52	48	14
2019	Non-shift worker	39	61	503
2018	Shift worker	52	48	17
2018	Non-shift worker	37	63	502

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	49	51	15
2022	Non-shift worker	41	59	380
2020	Shift worker	50	50	23
2020	Non-shift worker	38	62	380
2019	Shift worker	63	37	14
2019	Non-shift worker	41	59	503
2018	Shift worker	41	59	17
2018	Non-shift worker	40	60	502

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	61	39	15
2022	Non-shift worker	46	54	380
2020	Shift worker	50	50	23
2020	Non-shift worker	47	53	380
2019	Shift worker	42	58	14
2019	Non-shift worker	46	54	503
2018	Shift worker	50	50	17
2018	Non-shift worker	50	50	502

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	43	57	15
2022	Non-shift worker	38	62	380
2020	Shift worker	30	70	23
2020	Non-shift worker	40	60	380
2019	Shift worker	30	70	14
2019	Non-shift worker	43	57	503
2018	Shift worker	32	68	17
2018	Non-shift worker	39	61	502

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	32	68	15
2022	Non-shift worker	32	68	380
2020	Shift worker	38	62	23
2020	Non-shift worker	38	62	380
2019	Shift worker	49	51	14
2019	Non-shift worker	36	64	503
2018	Shift worker	45	55	17
2018	Non-shift worker	37	63	502

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	71	29	15
2022	Non-shift worker	55	45	380
2020	Shift worker	61	39	23
2020	Non-shift worker	52	48	380
2019	Shift worker	42	58	14
2019	Non-shift worker	55	45	503
2018	Shift worker	75	25	17
2018	Non-shift worker	54	46	502

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	46	54	15
2022	Non-shift worker	38	62	380
2020	Shift worker	33	67	23
2020	Non-shift worker	38	62	380
2019	Shift worker	47	53	14
2019	Non-shift worker	34	66	503
2018	Shift worker	34	66	17
2018	Non-shift worker	30	70	502

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	0	100	15
2022	Non-shift worker	1	99	380
2019	Shift worker	0	100	14
2019	Non-shift worker	1	99	503

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	0	100	15
2022	Non-shift worker	3	97	380
2020	Shift worker	0	100	23
2020	Non-shift worker	5	95	380

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	13	87	15
2022	Non-shift worker	13	87	380

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	49	51	15
2022	Non-shift worker	51	49	380
2020	Shift worker	55	45	23
2020	Non-shift worker	44	56	380
2019	Shift worker	49	51	14
2019	Non-shift worker	48	52	503

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	31	69	15
2022	Non-shift worker	21	79	380
2020	Shift worker	38	62	23
2020	Non-shift worker	23	77	380
2019	Shift worker	36	64	14
2019	Non-shift worker	22	78	503
2018	Shift worker	38	62	17
2018	Non-shift worker	23	77	502

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	5	95	15
2022	Non-shift worker	15	85	380

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	43	57	15
2022	Non-shift worker	53	47	380
2020	Shift worker	48	52	23
2020	Non-shift worker	52	48	380
2019	Shift worker	56	44	14
2019	Non-shift worker	53	47	500
2018	Shift worker	77	23	17
2018	Non-shift worker	56	44	503

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	31	69	15
2022	Non-shift worker	22	78	380

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	8	92	15
2022	Non-shift worker	12	88	380

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	18	82	15
2022	Non-shift worker	19	81	380
2018	Shift worker	0	100	17
2018	Non-shift worker	18	82	503

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	15	85	15
2022	Non-shift worker	9	91	380
2018	Shift worker	0	100	17
2018	Non-shift worker	7	93	503

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	7	93	15
2022	Non-shift worker	12	88	380
2018	Shift worker	0	100	17
2018	Non-shift worker	7	93	503

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	0	100	15
2022	Non-shift worker	7	93	380

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	0	100	15
2022	Non-shift worker	10	90	380

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	40	60	15
2022	Non-shift worker	29	71	380
2020	Shift worker	31	69	23
2020	Non-shift worker	27	73	380

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	0	100	15
2022	Non-shift worker	11	89	335

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	0	100	15
2022	Non-shift worker	17	83	335

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	6	94	15
2022	Non-shift worker	9	91	335

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	0	100	15
2022	Non-shift worker	6	94	335

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	7	93	15
2022	Non-shift worker	10	90	335

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	7	93	15
2022	Non-shift worker	8	92	335
2018	Shift worker	0	100	17
2018	Non-shift worker	9	91	469

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	10	90	15
2022	Non-shift worker	12	88	335

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	26	74	15
2022	Non-shift worker	12	88	335

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	16	84	15
2022	Non-shift worker	11	89	335
2018	Shift worker	0	100	17
2018	Non-shift worker	9	91	469

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	57	43	15
2022	Non-shift worker	27	73	335
2018	Shift worker	30	70	17
2018	Non-shift worker	29	71	469

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	24	76	15
2022	Non-shift worker	7	93	335

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	68	32	15
2022	Non-shift worker	42	58	335
2018	Shift worker	37	63	17
2018	Non-shift worker	45	55	469

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	8	92	15
2022	Non-shift worker	1	99	335

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	80	20	15
2022	Non-shift worker	52	48	335
2018	Shift worker	44	56	17
2018	Non-shift worker	53	47	469

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	0	100	15
2022	Non-shift worker	2	98	335

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	5	95	15
2022	Non-shift worker	17	83	335
2018	Shift worker	0	100	17
2018	Non-shift worker	14	86	469

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	22	15	10	3	8	25	17	64	18	135
2022	Non-shift worker	15	15	12	5	6	37	10	57	20	3580
2020	Shift worker	21	18	15	7	10	22	7	55	24	150
2020	Non-shift worker	21	18	17	5	5	28	7	59	14	4059
2019	Shift worker	28	11	18	3	7	22	11	59	15	145
2019	Non-shift worker	17	16	20	7	7	26	7	49	21	3654
2018	Shift worker	19	18	23	3	9	23	5	51	17	120
2018	Non-shift worker	16	18	23	6	6	24	6	49	18	3491

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	39	24	12	4	8	11	2	73	13	135
2022	Non-shift worker	32	31	13	5	4	13	2	74	10	3580
2020	Shift worker	39	28	8	7	10	7	1	72	19	150
2020	Non-shift worker	37	31	15	5	3	9	1	75	9	4063
2019	Shift worker	44	20	11	7	4	10	4	74	13	146
2019	Non-shift worker	31	29	18	6	5	9	1	68	13	3652
2018	Shift worker	35	28	13	6	6	11	1	72	13	120
2018	Non-shift worker	29	31	19	6	5	9	1	67	12	3491

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Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	6	94	135
2022	Non-shift worker	7	93	3580
2020	Shift worker	12	88	151
2020	Non-shift worker	6	94	4064
2019	Shift worker	7	93	147
2019	Non-shift worker	8	92	3658
2018	Shift worker	4	96	120
2018	Non-shift worker	7	93	3495

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	25	75	250
2020	Shift worker	32	68	17
2020	Non-shift worker	33	67	249

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	76	24	250
2020	Shift worker	63	37	17
2020	Non-shift worker	71	29	249

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	3	97	250

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	1	99	250
2020	Shift worker	0	100	17
2020	Non-shift worker	0	100	249

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	9	91	250

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	9	91	250

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	13	87	250

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	22	78	250
2020	Shift worker	21	79	17
2020	Non-shift worker	22	78	249
2019	Shift worker	59	41	10
2019	Non-shift worker	23	77	256

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	19	81	250
2020	Shift worker	34	66	17
2020	Non-shift worker	20	80	249

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	13	87	250

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	9	91	250

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	27	73	250

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	26	74	250

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	4	96	250
2020	Shift worker	0	100	17
2020	Non-shift worker	4	96	249
2019	Shift worker	0	100	10
2019	Non-shift worker	3	97	256

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	1	99	250

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	7	93	250
2020	Shift worker	0	100	17
2020	Non-shift worker	8	92	249

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	13	87	250
2020	Shift worker	0	100	17
2020	Non-shift worker	18	82	249

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	3	97	250
2020	Shift worker	0	100	17
2020	Non-shift worker	0	100	249

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	13	87	250

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	100	250
2020	Shift worker	100	17
2020	Non-shift worker	100	249
2019	Shift worker	100	10
2019	Non-shift worker	100	256

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	23	77	250

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	49	51	10
2022	Non-shift worker	32	68	250

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	15	85	10
2022	Non-shift worker	18	82	250

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	0	100	10
2022	Non-shift worker	7	93	250
2020	Shift worker	0	100	17
2020	Non-shift worker	8	92	249
2019	Shift worker	0	100	10
2019	Non-shift worker	5	95	250

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	11	89	10
2022	Non-shift worker	23	77	250

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	0	100	10
2022	Non-shift worker	6	94	250
2020	Shift worker	0	100	17
2020	Non-shift worker	3	97	249

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	0	100	10
2022	Non-shift worker	12	88	250
2020	Shift worker	0	100	17
2020	Non-shift worker	7	93	249

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	0	100	10
2022	Non-shift worker	6	94	250

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	0	100	10
2022	Non-shift worker	10	90	250
2019	Shift worker	0	100	10
2019	Non-shift worker	9	91	250

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	51	49	10
2022	Non-shift worker	47	53	250
2020	Shift worker	64	36	17
2020	Non-shift worker	46	54	249

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	3	97	220

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	13	87	220

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	2	98	220

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	2	98	220

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	5	95	220

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	3	97	220
2020	Shift worker	0	100	17
2020	Non-shift worker	5	95	231

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	10	90	220

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	14	86	220

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	14	86	220

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	26	74	220

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	8	92	220

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	51	49	220
2020	Shift worker	34	66	17
2020	Non-shift worker	47	53	231

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	3	97	220

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	63	37	220
2020	Shift worker	57	43	17
2020	Non-shift worker	61	39	231

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	1	99	220

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	16	84	220

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	25	18	15	1	5	24	11	67	10	135
2022	Non-shift worker	17	15	15	3	4	39	8	59	12	3580
2020	Shift worker	22	23	17	5	5	21	7	62	14	151
2020	Non-shift worker	23	18	17	3	3	30	6	64	9	4063
2019	Shift worker	30	8	15	1	5	29	13	65	10	146
2019	Non-shift worker	17	15	22	3	4	31	7	53	12	3653
2018	Shift worker	27	12	25	3	5	25	4	54	11	120
2018	Non-shift worker	18	17	25	3	3	29	6	53	10	3493

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	39	27	13	6	4	11	1	74	11	135
2022	Non-shift worker	32	31	15	3	3	14	2	75	8	3580
2020	Shift worker	41	25	15	3	7	8	2	74	10	150
2020	Non-shift worker	39	29	16	3	3	9	1	76	6	4062
2019	Shift worker	45	18	12	3	5	14	3	76	9	146
2019	Non-shift worker	33	28	18	4	3	12	1	71	9	3646
2018	Shift worker	39	20	19	2	4	14	1	70	7	118
2018	Non-shift worker	30	29	21	4	3	12	1	68	8	3492

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	0	6	24	9	34	25	2	8	58	55

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Stress and Well-Being

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	32	23	15	14	14	1	56	28	135
2022	Non-shift worker	28	26	18	11	15	2	55	27	3570
2020	Shift worker	21	28	24	12	15	0	49	27	149
2020	Non-shift worker	32	26	19	11	11	1	59	22	4060
2019	Shift worker	26	20	22	10	20	1	47	31	147
2019	Non-shift worker	22	27	20	13	17	1	50	30	3654
2018	Shift worker	13	28	19	20	20	0	41	40	120
2018	Non-shift worker	21	25	22	13	17	1	47	31	3494

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	46	24	17	8	5	0	0	70	13	135
2022	Non-shift worker	16	27	27	15	14	0	1	44	29	3565
2020	Shift worker	34	31	20	9	5	1	0	65	15	151
2020	Non-shift worker	19	28	27	16	10	0	0	48	26	4066
2019	Shift worker	38	26	24	8	3	0	0	65	11	147
2019	Non-shift worker	19	30	25	14	10	0	1	50	25	3649
2018	Shift worker	21	32	27	16	3	0	0	53	19	118
2018	Non-shift worker	16	27	28	16	11	0	1	44	28	3502

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	51	27	9	6	5	0	2	80	11	135
2022	Non-shift worker	25	30	22	12	9	1	1	56	21	3565
2020	Shift worker	44	31	17	7	1	0	1	76	8	151
2020	Non-shift worker	29	31	21	11	7	0	1	61	18	4055
2019	Shift worker	46	29	12	8	3	0	1	76	11	146
2019	Non-shift worker	27	33	21	10	7	0	1	61	18	3639
2018	Shift worker	30	30	27	9	3	0	1	60	12	120
2018	Non-shift worker	22	31	25	12	8	0	1	54	20	3485

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	36	19	21	11	12	0	2	55	23	135
2022	Non-shift worker	20	24	22	16	17	1	1	45	33	3570
2020	Shift worker	41	19	20	12	6	1	1	61	18	151
2020	Non-shift worker	27	27	20	13	11	1	1	55	25	4050
2019	Shift worker	39	23	14	14	9	1	1	62	24	147
2019	Non-shift worker	23	26	22	14	14	1	1	50	28	3634
2018	Shift worker	23	25	22	17	12	0	1	49	30	120
2018	Non-shift worker	19	26	24	16	12	1	1	47	29	3488

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	58	21	12	2	2	1	3	83	4	135
2022	Non-shift worker	45	26	12	6	5	1	5	75	12	3565
2020	Shift worker	53	22	15	4	3	1	2	77	7	151
2020	Non-shift worker	47	26	13	7	4	0	3	75	11	4041
2019	Shift worker	57	23	11	4	4	0	2	81	7	146
2019	Non-shift worker	51	26	11	5	3	0	4	80	9	3642
2018	Shift worker	49	28	14	3	2	1	3	80	5	119
2018	Non-shift worker	45	27	14	5	3	0	5	76	9	3484

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	44	25	12	6	12	0	2	70	17	135
2022	Non-shift worker	32	29	18	10	9	0	1	62	20	3570
2020	Shift worker	33	35	18	8	4	1	0	69	12	151
2020	Non-shift worker	32	28	20	11	8	0	1	60	20	4060
2019	Shift worker	41	27	15	8	8	0	1	69	15	146
2019	Non-shift worker	34	30	19	9	7	0	1	65	16	3648
2018	Shift worker	38	23	22	10	8	0	0	61	18	119
2018	Non-shift worker	32	30	21	10	7	0	1	62	17	3498

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	44	25	18	4	4	1	3	72	9	135
2022	Non-shift worker	32	34	18	8	6	1	2	67	15	3570
2020	Shift worker	30	42	16	7	3	1	2	74	10	147
2020	Non-shift worker	35	36	18	7	3	1	1	72	10	4056
2019	Shift worker	46	25	18	6	3	1	1	72	10	147
2019	Non-shift worker	28	38	19	8	6	0	1	67	14	3638
2018	Shift worker	36	30	22	7	3	1	0	67	11	120
2018	Non-shift worker	24	37	23	10	5	1	1	62	15	3490

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	44	25	16	9	3	1	2	72	12	135
2022	Non-shift worker	25	32	22	11	8	1	1	57	20	3570
2020	Shift worker	35	39	10	9	4	1	2	76	14	148
2020	Non-shift worker	28	35	21	11	5	0	1	63	16	4051
2019	Shift worker	40	34	12	10	4	0	1	74	14	147
2019	Non-shift worker	22	34	23	12	7	0	1	57	20	3641
2018	Shift worker	30	33	21	10	4	2	1	64	14	120
2018	Non-shift worker	19	33	25	14	7	1	1	54	21	3495

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	46	25	15	7	6	1	1	72	13	135
2022	Non-shift worker	31	32	19	9	8	0	1	64	17	3570
2020	Shift worker	32	37	19	6	4	1	1	71	10	148
2020	Non-shift worker	33	33	18	10	5	0	1	67	15	4052
2019	Shift worker	40	24	21	7	6	0	1	65	13	147
2019	Non-shift worker	26	33	20	12	8	0	1	60	20	3637
2018	Shift worker	34	32	23	7	3	1	0	66	10	120
2018	Non-shift worker	23	34	22	13	7	0	1	57	21	3485

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	53	23	13	2	6	0	3	79	8	135
2022	Non-shift worker	46	27	13	7	6	1	1	74	12	3565
2020	Shift worker	44	31	16	3	6	0	0	75	9	147
2020	Non-shift worker	48	26	13	7	4	0	1	75	12	4035
2019	Shift worker	55	22	10	6	6	0	1	78	12	147
2019	Non-shift worker	45	27	13	8	6	0	1	73	14	3634

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	57	24	10	4	3	0	2	82	7	135
2022	Non-shift worker	57	24	11	4	3	0	1	82	7	3575
2020	Shift worker	47	24	16	9	4	1	0	71	13	148
2020	Non-shift worker	29	33	21	10	5	0	0	63	15	4042

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	45	35	13	3	3	0	2	81	6	135
2022	Non-shift worker	33	31	20	9	6	0	1	64	16	3565
2020	Shift worker	38	32	19	6	4	0	1	70	10	148
2020	Non-shift worker	29	33	20	11	6	0	0	62	17	4054
2019	Shift worker	46	28	13	7	5	0	0	75	12	146
2019	Non-shift worker	31	32	20	10	6	0	1	64	16	3628
2018	Shift worker	32	35	19	7	7	1	0	67	14	117
2018	Non-shift worker	24	31	24	13	7	0	1	56	20	3481

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	64	21	8	0	5	0	1	86	5	135
2022	Non-shift worker	58	21	9	4	5	1	2	81	9	3555
2020	Shift worker	44	36	13	2	5	0	0	80	7	150
2020	Non-shift worker	56	26	11	4	1	0	1	83	6	4025
2019	Shift worker	53	21	13	10	4	0	0	74	13	146
2019	Non-shift worker	53	25	12	5	3	0	1	80	8	3630
2018	Shift worker	54	22	15	5	3	1	0	77	8	118
2018	Non-shift worker	52	26	12	4	3	0	2	79	8	3471

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	49	32	12	3	2	0	1	82	6	135
2022	Non-shift worker	47	31	12	5	4	0	1	79	9	3570
2020	Shift worker	38	29	20	7	4	1	1	68	11	149
2020	Non-shift worker	34	36	19	7	3	0	0	70	10	4041

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	76	14	4	1	1	0	4	94	2	135
2022	Non-shift worker	73	12	4	2	2	1	7	92	4	3570
2020	Shift worker	64	17	10	3	1	0	5	85	4	149
2020	Non-shift worker	72	16	5	1	1	1	4	93	2	4043
2019	Shift worker	73	10	8	5	2	0	3	85	7	146
2019	Non-shift worker	72	13	5	2	2	1	6	91	4	3631
2018	Shift worker	62	22	8	2	1	2	3	88	3	120
2018	Non-shift worker	68	16	6	3	2	1	5	89	5	3478

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	77	8	5	2	4	0	4	89	6	135
2022	Non-shift worker	76	10	3	2	3	1	4	91	6	3575
2020	Shift worker	70	11	12	3	2	1	1	83	5	150
2020	Non-shift worker	79	9	4	2	2	1	3	91	5	4030
2019	Shift worker	74	9	5	3	5	1	2	86	9	146
2019	Non-shift worker	71	12	5	4	5	1	2	86	8	3645
2018	Shift worker	65	8	9	3	10	3	2	77	14	120
2018	Non-shift worker	68	15	6	3	3	1	3	87	7	3482

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	70	17	6	1	3	0	3	89	4	135
2022	Non-shift worker	67	20	6	2	2	1	2	90	4	3570
2020	Shift worker	64	23	5	2	5	0	1	88	7	149
2020	Non-shift worker	68	20	6	2	1	0	1	90	3	4017
2019	Shift worker	62	23	6	2	4	0	2	87	7	146
2019	Non-shift worker	55	26	11	4	3	0	1	82	6	3631
2018	Shift worker	53	22	12	4	7	2	1	77	11	120
2018	Non-shift worker	54	27	11	4	3	0	1	82	7	3499

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	69	12	4	5	6	1	3	84	12	135
2022	Non-shift worker	65	18	6	3	5	0	2	86	8	3565
2020	Shift worker	64	19	9	2	5	0	1	84	8	151
2020	Non-shift worker	68	16	8	4	3	0	1	85	7	4038
2019	Shift worker	65	16	7	4	6	0	2	82	11	144
2019	Non-shift worker	61	18	9	5	5	0	1	80	11	3631
2018	Shift worker	65	13	12	6	3	2	0	79	8	119
2018	Non-shift worker	56	21	11	5	5	0	1	78	10	3486

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	72	7	2	1	0	0	17	96	1	135
2022	Non-shift worker	61	11	4	1	1	1	21	92	3	3565
2020	Shift worker	70	6	3	1	3	0	17	92	5	151
2020	Non-shift worker	62	11	4	1	1	0	22	93	3	4047
2019	Shift worker	72	6	2	1	2	0	16	93	4	145
2019	Non-shift worker	56	12	5	2	1	0	24	90	4	3611
2018	Shift worker	58	5	4	2	2	2	27	90	5	119
2018	Non-shift worker	51	12	6	2	1	0	28	88	4	3471

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	79	10	2	0	1	0	8	97	1	135
2022	Non-shift worker	70	17	6	1	1	1	4	91	3	3560
2020	Shift worker	75	16	2	2	2	0	3	93	4	151
2020	Non-shift worker	67	20	6	2	1	0	3	90	3	4058
2019	Shift worker	75	13	7	2	1	0	2	89	4	146
2019	Non-shift worker	65	21	7	2	1	0	3	89	3	3627
2018	Shift worker	63	19	11	1	1	2	4	87	2	120
2018	Non-shift worker	60	22	9	2	2	0	5	87	4	3480

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	73	13	3	2	5	1	4	90	7	135
2022	Non-shift worker	72	14	5	2	3	1	3	89	5	3570
2020	Shift worker	64	20	7	2	7	0	1	84	9	151
2020	Non-shift worker	68	18	7	3	3	1	2	87	6	4064
2019	Shift worker	69	16	4	4	5	0	2	87	10	146
2019	Non-shift worker	73	14	5	2	2	0	3	90	5	3639
2018	Shift worker	61	18	7	6	6	1	1	81	12	120
2018	Non-shift worker	69	16	6	3	3	1	3	89	5	3492

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	60	22	8	5	2	0	3	85	7	135
2022	Non-shift worker	52	27	12	4	3	0	2	81	7	3570
2020	Shift worker	52	28	14	3	3	0	1	80	5	151
2020	Non-shift worker	46	30	15	5	2	0	1	78	7	4065
2019	Shift worker	54	27	14	2	2	0	1	82	4	145
2019	Non-shift worker	54	27	12	4	2	0	2	83	5	3640
2018	Shift worker	44	35	7	9	3	1	1	80	12	120
2018	Non-shift worker	48	31	13	4	2	0	3	81	6	3488

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	21	34	36	3	5	0	0	55	9	135
2022	Non-shift worker	10	33	39	13	5	0	0	43	18	3580
2020	Shift worker	22	38	30	4	5	1	1	61	9	151
2020	Non-shift worker	15	37	34	11	3	0	0	52	14	4066
2019	Shift worker	25	38	26	7	4	0	0	63	11	147
2019	Non-shift worker	15	37	33	11	4	0	0	52	15	3656
2018	Shift worker	23	30	29	13	5	0	0	52	18	120
2018	Non-shift worker	13	34	37	12	4	0	0	47	16	3506

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	5	6	33	27	28	1	56	11	135
2022	Non-shift worker	7	20	39	22	11	0	33	27	3575
2020	Shift worker	10	8	36	35	9	1	45	19	150
2020	Non-shift worker	9	18	39	24	10	0	34	27	4058
2019	Shift worker	6	8	32	31	23	0	54	14	143
2019	Non-shift worker	9	18	38	24	11	0	35	27	3623
2018	Shift worker	8	16	33	23	20	0	42	24	120
2018	Non-shift worker	8	18	38	24	11	0	35	27	3478

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	26	38	19	4	4	9	0	70	9	135
2022	Non-shift worker	28	39	16	8	4	4	0	71	13	3580
2020	Shift worker	43	34	13	6	3	1	1	78	9	151
2020	Non-shift worker	46	37	10	3	2	1	0	84	5	4059
2019	Shift worker	34	27	17	7	6	8	0	67	15	147
2019	Non-shift worker	25	38	18	9	5	4	0	66	14	3640
2018	Shift worker	24	37	19	7	10	4	0	62	17	120
2018	Non-shift worker	24	39	21	9	4	4	0	65	13	3492

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	20	31	34	13	3	135
2022	Non-shift worker	11	28	35	20	5	3580

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	54	23	10	4	6	1	1	80	10	135
2022	Non-shift worker	55	26	9	3	3	3	1	84	6	3580
2020	Shift worker	49	29	9	7	3	1	1	80	11	151
2020	Non-shift worker	54	25	11	4	3	3	0	82	7	4047

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	45	30	9	8	7	1	1	76	15	135
2022	Non-shift worker	48	25	9	8	7	2	0	75	16	3580
2020	Shift worker	40	23	11	14	11	1	0	64	25	151
2020	Non-shift worker	44	27	10	10	7	1	0	72	17	4047

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	50	33	5	5	7	1	83	12	135
2022	Non-shift worker	55	27	7	5	4	1	84	9	3580
2020	Shift worker	48	28	10	7	7	0	76	14	150
2020	Non-shift worker	55	27	8	6	4	1	83	10	4056

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	34	37	17	7	6	0	71	13	135
2022	Non-shift worker	31	39	13	9	6	2	71	15	3580
2020	Shift worker	38	33	14	6	9	1	71	15	151
2020	Non-shift worker	41	33	13	8	4	1	75	12	4062
2019	Shift worker	36	33	11	10	8	2	70	19	146
2019	Non-shift worker	23	36	19	12	7	2	61	20	3651
2018	Shift worker	27	32	18	10	9	3	61	20	120
2018	Non-shift worker	23	37	19	11	7	2	62	19	3498

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	19	52	12	13	3	1	0	72	16	1010
2019	Shift worker	14	45	6	16	8	6	5	66	27	12
2019	Non-shift worker	17	44	17	13	5	3	2	64	19	949

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Duty to Accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	8	92	135
2022	Non-shift worker	9	91	3580
2020	Shift worker	10	90	151
2020	Non-shift worker	10	90	4054
2019	Shift worker	11	89	146
2019	Non-shift worker	15	85	3653

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	54	46	15
2022	Non-shift worker	51	49	330
2020	Shift worker	60	40	14
2020	Non-shift worker	42	58	411

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	57	43	15
2022	Non-shift worker	66	34	330
2020	Shift worker	75	25	14
2020	Non-shift worker	78	22	412
2019	Shift worker	71	29	16
2019	Non-shift worker	79	21	558

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-shift worker	40	39	8	8	4	0	0	79	13	220
2020	Shift worker	59	22	10	10	0	0	0	81	10	10
2020	Non-shift worker	53	29	10	6	1	0	1	83	7	321
2019	Shift worker	35	32	18	16	0	0	0	67	16	12
2019	Non-shift worker	44	34	7	10	4	1	1	79	14	439

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	39	37	7	4	5	4	4	83	9	135
2022	Non-shift worker	47	31	8	5	3	4	3	83	8	3580
2020	Shift worker	43	35	10	4	4	1	4	82	8	150
2020	Non-shift worker	52	27	9	4	2	3	3	84	7	4058

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Compensation

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	36	43	16	5	135
2022	Non-shift worker	33	52	14	1	3580
2020	Shift worker	41	38	20	1	151
2020	Non-shift worker	39	43	17	1	4074

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	50	50	50
2022	Non-shift worker	31	69	1185
2020	Shift worker	45	55	63
2020	Non-shift worker	33	67	1606

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	7	24	17	14	38	0	0	31	52	50
2022	Non-shift worker	8	13	15	18	41	2	5	22	63	1185
2020	Shift worker	10	14	8	16	40	5	8	27	64	63
2020	Non-shift worker	7	16	15	21	36	1	4	24	60	1606

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	8	12	11	24	38	7	0	22	67	50
2022	Non-shift worker	4	9	13	19	44	2	9	14	72	1185
2020	Shift worker	10	15	5	16	47	2	6	26	68	63
2020	Non-shift worker	5	12	13	20	41	2	7	18	67	1608

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	40	11	8	8	7	7	20	69	20	135
2022	Non-shift worker	38	16	12	7	8	3	17	67	18	3580
2020	Shift worker	37	13	14	5	11	2	17	63	21	151
2020	Non-shift worker	41	17	13	9	9	2	11	66	20	4070
2019	Shift worker	46	13	11	9	6	1	14	69	17	145
2019	Non-shift worker	39	17	14	10	12	1	7	61	23	3629
2018	Shift worker	40	20	10	8	7	3	12	71	18	119
2018	Non-shift worker	42	15	14	9	11	1	7	63	22	3497

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Hybrid Work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?
Survey year	Demographic	20% (1 out of 5 days) (%)	40% (2 out of 5 days) (%)	60% (3 out of 5 days) (%)	80% (4 out of 5 days) (%)	Other Please specify (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	33	15	14	11	26	75
2022	Non-shift worker	39	18	8	2	33	3025

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	60	40	120
2022	Non-shift worker	55	45	3180

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	47	53	120
2022	Non-shift worker	35	65	3180

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	50	50	120
2022	Non-shift worker	56	44	3180

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	46	54	120
2022	Non-shift worker	41	59	3180

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	25	75	120
2022	Non-shift worker	25	75	3180

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	34	66	120
2022	Non-shift worker	41	59	3180

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	16	84	120
2022	Non-shift worker	21	79	3180

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	36	64	120
2022	Non-shift worker	17	83	3180

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	32	68	120
2022	Non-shift worker	15	85	3180

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	26	74	120
2022	Non-shift worker	24	76	3180

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	44	56	120
2022	Non-shift worker	28	72	3180

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	9	91	120
2022	Non-shift worker	4	96	3180

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	9	91	120
2022	Non-shift worker	16	84	3180

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	55	13	4	2	1	0	24	90	4	120
2022	Non-shift worker	81	11	3	1	1	0	2	94	3	3175

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	4	14	10	19	26	2	24	62	26	120
2022	Non-shift worker	5	11	14	15	46	3	4	67	18	3175

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Shift worker	11	14	13	17	27	6	11	53	31	120
2022	Non-shift worker	6	18	17	17	38	3	1	57	25	3175

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Transport Canada by Question 102. Are you currently a shift worker?

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources