2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Statistics Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2022 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented according to the numerical order of questions, grouped by section theme as they appeared in the questionnaire. Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

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My Job

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	40	7	9	8	1	76	17	105
2022	First Nations	29	39	6	16	8	0	69	25	40
2022	Métis	36	46	5	8	3	2	83	12	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	43	5	11	5	0	79	16	4070
2020	Indigenous	23	54	7	11	6	0	76	17	84
2020	Métis	28	42	6	14	9	0	71	23	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	47	4	10	2	0	84	11	3579

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	71	19	3	4	2	1	1	91	6	105
2022	First Nations	67	20	4	4	3	0	2	89	7	40
2022	Métis	72	20	3	4	0	2	0	93	4	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	71	20	4	3	1	1	0	92	4	4065
2020	Indigenous	78	16	1	2	1	0	1	95	3	82
2020	Métis	70	19	2	4	2	0	2	91	6	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	75	18	4	2	1	0	0	93	3	3567

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	26	10	13	16	2	60	30	105
2022	First Nations	29	36	16	7	12	0	65	19	40
2022	Métis	35	22	7	21	11	3	59	34	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	30	11	15	14	2	60	30	4060
2020	Indigenous	38	34	13	10	3	2	74	13	84
2020	Métis	42	31	11	8	6	2	74	14	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	40	10	11	3	1	77	14	3579
2019	Indigenous	56	29	1	5	7	1	87	12	76
2019	Métis	56	26	3	7	8	0	82	15	38
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	35	6	8	3	0	83	11	3867

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	40	13	9	11	1	0	66	21	105
2022	First Nations	31	32	14	10	13	0	0	63	23	40
2022	Métis	23	45	17	11	3	2	0	69	14	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	39	14	13	6	0	1	66	20	4065
2020	Indigenous	36	35	16	9	3	0	2	72	12	83
2020	Métis	44	27	14	10	3	0	2	72	13	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	39	14	10	4	0	2	72	14	3574
2019	Indigenous	26	42	14	13	5	0	0	68	18	76
2019	Métis	30	31	14	16	10	0	0	61	25	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	41	12	11	5	0	1	72	16	3863
2018	Indigenous	23	46	11	15	3	0	1	70	18	72
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	45	11	10	3	0	1	75	14	3486

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	27	15	10	8	1	2	66	18	105
2022	First Nations	40	29	17	4	10	0	0	69	14	40
2022	Métis	39	31	6	15	3	2	4	74	20	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	34	11	10	7	0	1	72	17	4055
2020	Indigenous	42	30	13	15	0	0	0	72	15	84
2020	Métis	43	24	14	19	0	0	0	67	19	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	36	10	7	2	0	1	81	9	3558
2019	Indigenous	51	37	5	4	3	0	1	88	6	77
2019	Métis	52	41	0	4	3	0	0	93	7	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	33	7	4	1	0	0	88	6	3856

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	32	12	9	8	0	0	71	17	105
2022	First Nations	40	30	20	5	5	0	0	70	10	40
2022	Métis	40	38	7	14	2	0	0	78	16	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	42	33	10	9	6	0	0	75	15	4065
2020	Indigenous	57	28	4	6	5	0	0	85	10	84
2020	Métis	64	21	4	2	9	0	0	85	11	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	31	10	8	3	0	0	79	12	3571
2019	Indigenous	49	25	12	9	4	1	0	75	13	76
2019	Métis	48	23	8	15	5	0	0	71	20	38
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	31	7	6	3	0	1	84	8	3866
2018	Indigenous	49	32	7	7	4	1	0	82	11	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	32	10	6	2	0	1	82	8	3485

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	31	9	9	6	0	1	76	15	105
2022	First Nations	56	24	6	4	8	0	2	81	12	40
2022	Métis	37	35	13	9	5	0	0	72	15	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	43	13	8	5	0	0	75	12	4065
2020	Indigenous	55	26	14	3	3	0	0	80	6	84
2020	Métis	56	20	15	4	5	0	0	76	9	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	42	12	7	3	0	0	79	9	3584
2019	Indigenous	37	41	11	8	3	1	0	79	11	77
2019	Métis	32	39	10	15	3	0	0	72	18	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	42	12	7	3	0	0	78	10	3873
2018	Indigenous	38	50	8	1	3	0	0	88	4	72
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	44	11	7	3	0	0	80	9	3475

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	29	8	8	9	1	2	74	17	105
2022	First Nations	44	31	6	7	10	0	2	76	17	40
2022	Métis	42	30	9	13	3	2	2	74	16	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	38	13	7	6	0	0	74	13	4065
2020	Indigenous	52	26	10	7	5	0	0	78	11	84
2020	Métis	54	26	7	4	9	0	0	80	13	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	38	11	8	3	0	0	78	11	3578
2019	Indigenous	32	35	9	11	11	1	0	68	22	77
2019	Métis	36	31	8	13	12	0	0	67	25	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	40	13	9	5	0	0	73	14	3873
2018	Indigenous	33	46	4	9	8	0	0	79	17	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	38	15	9	5	0	1	70	15	3483

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	41	10	6	3	2	80	10	105
2022	First Nations	49	34	11	3	3	0	83	6	40
2022	Métis	33	41	13	8	1	3	77	10	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	39	43	7	8	3	0	82	11	4070
2020	Indigenous	47	34	7	9	2	0	82	11	84
2020	Métis	47	34	4	15	0	0	81	15	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	42	9	8	2	0	81	10	3568
2019	Indigenous	28	41	11	13	6	0	70	20	77
2019	Métis	28	33	8	21	10	0	61	31	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	43	11	8	3	0	78	11	3864
2018	Indigenous	40	36	14	7	4	0	75	11	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	44	12	8	3	0	77	11	3488

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	51	37	6	1	5	0	88	6	105
2022	First Nations	58	27	9	0	6	0	85	6	40
2022	Métis	47	41	6	2	4	0	89	6	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	40	7	4	2	0	87	6	4070
2020	Indigenous	59	27	7	6	0	1	87	6	84
2020	Métis	58	27	6	8	0	0	85	8	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	37	7	3	1	0	89	4	3576
2019	Indigenous	38	44	5	9	4	0	81	13	75
2019	Métis	36	41	5	13	5	0	77	17	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	40	9	4	2	0	86	6	3866
2018	Indigenous	53	32	9	4	1	0	85	6	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	47	41	7	3	1	0	89	4	3488

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	33	11	9	7	1	1	72	16	105
2022	First Nations	40	28	9	12	10	0	2	69	22	40
2022	Métis	36	38	12	8	4	2	0	76	12	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	38	12	8	5	0	0	74	13	4065
2020	Indigenous	54	22	16	4	5	0	0	75	9	84
2020	Métis	50	21	15	6	8	0	0	70	15	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	38	11	8	3	0	0	78	11	3575
2019	Indigenous	33	37	8	8	13	1	0	71	21	77
2019	Métis	33	37	3	10	17	0	0	70	28	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	38	12	8	4	0	0	75	12	3869
2018	Indigenous	29	46	10	10	4	0	0	75	15	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	40	13	8	4	0	0	75	12	3484

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	29	12	2	1	0	1	85	3	105
2022	First Nations	62	22	7	4	3	0	2	86	7	40
2022	Métis	48	34	14	3	0	0	0	82	3	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	37	12	4	2	0	0	81	6	4065
2020	Indigenous	58	28	12	2	0	0	0	86	2	81
2020	Métis	57	26	13	4	0	0	0	83	4	41
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	35	10	3	1	0	0	86	4	3559
2019	Indigenous	54	32	8	3	2	1	0	87	5	76
2019	Métis	50	32	11	5	2	0	0	82	8	38
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	36	11	4	2	0	0	84	5	3850
2018	Indigenous	50	41	4	3	2	0	0	92	4	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	38	9	3	1	0	0	86	4	3470

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	40	6	9	9	2	0	75	19	105
2022	First Nations	38	40	5	6	11	0	0	78	17	40
2022	Métis	31	40	7	14	5	4	0	74	19	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	41	11	8	5	0	1	75	14	4065
2020	Indigenous	45	35	9	7	5	0	0	80	11	83
2020	Métis	47	30	9	8	6	0	0	77	14	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	38	12	7	3	0	0	78	10	3564
2019	Indigenous	37	33	6	13	8	3	0	72	21	77
2019	Métis	35	27	7	18	11	3	0	64	29	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	40	12	8	4	0	0	75	12	3868
2018	Indigenous	32	49	9	5	4	0	0	82	10	72
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	40	12	7	4	0	0	76	11	3475

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	28	11	11	5	73	16	105
2022	First Nations	51	32	3	7	7	82	14	40
2022	Métis	44	26	17	11	2	70	13	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	38	11	5	4	79	9	4070
2020	Indigenous	48	31	11	3	7	79	10	84
2020	Métis	44	33	10	2	11	77	13	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	35	11	6	2	81	8	3574
2019	Indigenous	43	33	12	7	5	76	13	77
2019	Métis	47	23	16	12	3	70	14	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	35	13	6	3	78	9	3866
2018	Indigenous	39	39	15	4	3	78	7	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	36	12	7	4	78	10	3469

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	33	15	10	6	0	1	69	16	105
2022	First Nations	38	39	11	3	7	0	2	78	10	40
2022	Métis	37	30	20	8	5	0	0	67	13	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	39	12	7	4	0	1	76	12	4065
2020	Indigenous	42	36	10	7	2	4	0	81	8	83
2020	Métis	45	30	8	12	3	2	0	77	15	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	42	12	7	2	0	0	79	9	3573
2019	Indigenous	30	42	11	10	4	0	3	74	14	76
2019	Métis	28	42	11	17	2	0	0	69	20	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	42	12	7	3	1	0	78	9	3825
2018	Indigenous	38	35	12	11	4	0	0	72	15	71
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	40	13	7	3	0	0	76	11	3472

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	35	12	6	4	0	1	77	10	105
2022	First Nations	47	32	6	7	6	0	2	81	13	40
2022	Métis	36	39	17	7	2	0	0	75	8	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	41	12	7	3	0	0	78	9	4070
2020	Indigenous	52	31	9	5	3	0	0	83	8	84
2020	Métis	47	31	11	7	4	0	0	79	11	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	39	10	5	1	0	0	83	7	3581
2019	Indigenous	46	38	4	8	2	1	0	86	10	77
2019	Métis	40	42	3	13	2	0	0	82	15	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	40	11	5	3	0	0	81	8	3875
2018	Indigenous	44	44	8	3	2	0	0	88	4	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	43	11	5	2	0	0	82	7	3484

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	27	14	10	12	1	0	64	22	105
2022	First Nations	32	30	17	12	9	0	0	62	21	40
2022	Métis	43	15	14	15	12	2	0	58	27	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	32	15	6	4	0	0	75	10	4070
2020	Indigenous	40	32	11	9	7	1	0	73	16	84
2020	Métis	42	29	12	6	11	0	0	71	17	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	33	16	8	5	0	0	70	14	3584
2019	Indigenous	32	44	12	5	5	1	1	78	11	77
2019	Métis	29	46	13	8	5	0	0	75	12	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	31	13	5	3	0	0	78	9	3861
2018	Indigenous	45	37	13	3	3	0	0	81	5	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	31	13	6	3	0	0	77	10	3485

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	27	24	14	17	1	1	32	44	100
2022	First Nations	15	34	18	19	14	0	0	33	49	40
2022	Métis	14	21	35	11	15	2	2	28	36	50
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	19	36	21	11	0	3	33	29	4065
2020	Indigenous	7	20	33	24	12	0	5	38	28	84
2020	Métis	11	15	45	22	8	0	0	29	25	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	21	37	22	10	1	1	33	30	3578
2019	Indigenous	8	21	42	22	5	3	0	28	29	77
2019	Métis	5	23	43	26	0	3	0	27	29	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	21	35	22	11	0	1	34	30	3871
2018	Indigenous	6	20	32	28	13	0	0	42	26	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	20	36	24	10	1	2	35	28	3483

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	19	27	22	13	3	2	36	35	105
2022	First Nations	10	18	30	28	9	2	3	38	30	40
2022	Métis	17	20	31	16	10	5	2	28	39	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	21	30	20	12	2	4	34	34	4060
2020	Indigenous	9	20	22	20	20	6	3	44	32	83
2020	Métis	8	24	20	19	18	6	4	42	36	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	20	33	22	12	2	2	36	30	3577
2019	Indigenous	16	20	36	17	10	1	0	28	36	77
2019	Métis	13	23	38	13	10	2	0	23	37	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	20	31	21	12	3	2	35	32	3866
2018	Indigenous	9	18	43	14	13	1	1	28	28	72
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	21	32	20	11	3	3	33	32	3484

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	17	32	22	18	2	2	41	25	105
2022	First Nations	7	22	30	23	18	0	0	41	29	40
2022	Métis	6	19	36	17	15	3	3	35	27	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	11	29	30	21	1	3	53	17	4060
2020	Indigenous	8	10	22	31	26	1	1	59	19	84
2020	Métis	8	9	23	38	22	0	0	60	17	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	14	29	29	19	1	1	49	21	3569
2019	Indigenous	5	13	28	31	19	3	0	52	19	75
2019	Métis	5	8	33	32	19	3	0	53	13	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	11	31	30	20	1	2	52	16	3855
2018	Indigenous	6	14	30	31	18	1	0	50	20	72
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	12	31	31	19	1	2	51	17	3472

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	27	22	15	16	17	2	1	34	50	105
2022	First Nations	17	27	17	18	19	2	0	38	45	40
2022	Métis	33	20	15	15	12	3	2	28	55	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	18	26	19	18	2	4	39	33	4060
2020	Indigenous	9	17	21	28	19	2	3	50	28	84
2020	Métis	13	10	23	36	15	0	2	52	24	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	19	26	22	17	1	2	40	33	3582
2019	Indigenous	18	16	31	23	8	4	1	32	35	77
2019	Métis	18	23	23	24	8	5	0	33	43	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	19	26	22	18	1	3	42	31	3867
2018	Indigenous	12	20	33	20	14	0	1	34	33	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	21	26	22	16	2	3	40	33	3475

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	21	24	13	17	4	5	33	41	105
2022	First Nations	14	15	28	15	19	4	5	37	32	40
2022	Métis	15	24	26	9	16	3	7	27	43	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	16	24	22	18	5	6	45	28	4060
2020	Indigenous	7	7	19	28	30	3	6	64	15	83
2020	Métis	6	6	20	31	33	0	4	66	13	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	11	26	28	22	4	4	54	18	3565
2019	Indigenous	7	15	26	28	20	4	1	50	22	76
2019	Métis	8	16	31	27	14	3	3	43	25	38
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	15	27	26	20	3	3	49	22	3853
2018	Indigenous	5	17	27	22	22	4	3	47	24	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	14	28	26	18	3	3	47	22	3461

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	15	25	17	17	5	1	35	39	105
2022	First Nations	8	22	28	25	13	4	0	40	31	40
2022	Métis	27	13	26	12	15	5	2	29	43	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	18	31	19	14	3	4	36	31	4060
2020	Indigenous	9	12	27	27	21	1	2	50	22	84
2020	Métis	13	13	27	30	17	0	0	47	25	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	18	32	24	13	2	2	39	28	3565
2019	Indigenous	11	20	40	15	8	4	3	25	32	77
2019	Métis	8	24	41	18	5	5	0	24	33	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	19	32	22	14	3	2	37	29	3859
2018	Indigenous	8	20	39	15	14	3	1	30	29	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	19	34	20	12	3	3	35	29	3477

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	10	18	30	25	16	1	1	41	29	105
2022	First Nations	9	19	26	27	16	2	2	45	29	40
2022	Métis	12	17	36	26	10	0	0	35	29	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	17	35	23	14	1	2	39	25	4065
2020	Indigenous	12	18	39	20	9	0	2	29	31	84
2020	Métis	13	18	40	21	8	0	0	29	31	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	19	36	27	11	0	1	38	26	3583
2019	Indigenous	12	23	32	32	1	0	0	34	35	77
2019	Métis	15	20	36	28	0	0	0	28	35	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	16	33	26	15	1	2	41	24	3873

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My Work Unit

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	28	14	3	5	6	8	74	10	105
2022	First Nations	38	32	10	4	5	5	6	79	10	40
2022	Métis	35	29	12	3	4	6	11	78	9	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	28	14	4	3	8	9	75	9	4060
2020	Indigenous	44	22	16	6	1	6	6	74	8	83
2020	Métis	39	27	12	9	2	2	11	75	12	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	30	13	5	2	7	7	76	9	3575
2019	Indigenous	35	27	13	9	5	8	3	70	16	77
2019	Métis	41	26	10	7	5	5	5	74	14	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	31	13	6	3	6	7	75	10	3870
2018	Indigenous	25	44	9	6	4	7	4	78	11	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	34	14	6	4	7	6	72	12	3488

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	59	20	8	8	2	2	81	10	105
2022	First Nations	63	20	5	5	5	2	85	10	40
2022	Métis	57	21	7	11	0	3	81	11	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	59	27	6	4	3	1	87	7	4065
2020	Indigenous	61	20	6	7	3	3	83	10	84
2020	Métis	57	19	8	6	4	6	81	11	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	26	6	5	2	1	86	8	3570
2019	Indigenous	52	26	7	8	5	3	80	13	77
2019	Métis	54	26	8	5	5	3	82	10	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	29	8	6	3	1	83	9	3864
2018	Indigenous	45	44	1	8	1	0	89	10	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	50	31	7	7	4	1	82	11	3479

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	24	6	5	2	2	87	7	105
2022	First Nations	65	22	4	2	5	2	89	7	40
2022	Métis	60	27	7	4	0	2	89	4	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	67	25	4	3	1	0	92	4	4070
2020	Indigenous	72	19	3	6	0	0	91	6	83
2020	Métis	65	26	3	6	0	0	91	6	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	66	25	4	3	1	0	92	4	3574
2019	Indigenous	51	28	9	10	3	0	78	13	77
2019	Métis	56	26	8	10	0	0	82	10	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	29	5	3	2	0	90	5	3872
2018	Indigenous	49	40	8	4	0	0	88	4	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	58	31	5	4	1	0	90	5	3477

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	52	27	8	3	3	7	0	85	6	105
2022	First Nations	63	20	4	5	5	2	0	85	11	40
2022	Métis	44	35	9	2	1	9	0	86	4	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	56	31	7	3	1	1	0	88	5	4065
2020	Indigenous	60	29	6	1	2	1	0	91	3	84
2020	Métis	52	41	4	2	2	0	0	92	4	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	32	7	3	1	1	0	88	5	3559
2019	Indigenous	49	31	7	3	5	4	1	85	8	76
2019	Métis	54	30	5	0	2	5	3	92	2	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	34	9	3	2	1	0	86	5	3877
2018	Indigenous	38	55	4	3	0	0	0	93	3	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	47	37	9	3	2	1	0	85	5	3485

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	20	9	4	5	8	4	80	10	105
2022	First Nations	50	17	7	2	10	7	7	78	14	40
2022	Métis	45	27	10	4	2	11	2	82	7	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	25	10	4	3	9	7	79	9	4065

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	21	9	5	5	7	4	80	11	105
2022	First Nations	48	21	7	2	10	5	7	79	14	40
2022	Métis	43	27	12	6	0	11	2	80	6	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	40	24	10	5	3	10	7	78	10	4060

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My Immediate Supervisor

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	28	9	4	3	1	6	83	7	105
2022	First Nations	60	25	10	2	3	0	0	85	5	40
2022	Métis	50	30	9	5	0	2	4	85	6	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	49	29	11	3	2	1	4	83	5	4070
2020	Indigenous	54	23	9	8	5	0	2	78	13	84
2020	Métis	51	21	11	8	7	0	2	73	15	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	27	11	3	1	1	3	84	5	3579
2019	Indigenous	49	27	9	3	3	1	8	84	6	77
2019	Métis	44	30	11	3	3	3	7	82	6	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	27	12	4	2	1	4	81	6	3870

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	51	26	10	8	5	1	0	77	13	105
2022	First Nations	61	18	9	9	3	0	0	79	12	40
2022	Métis	48	30	8	8	4	2	0	79	12	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	33	8	5	3	0	0	83	8	4070
2020	Indigenous	58	23	12	5	2	0	0	81	7	84
2020	Métis	60	15	15	6	4	0	0	74	10	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	32	9	5	2	0	0	83	8	3578
2019	Indigenous	53	21	15	3	5	1	3	77	8	77
2019	Métis	56	18	18	3	2	0	3	76	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	32	11	6	3	1	1	80	9	3873
2018	Indigenous	56	27	11	4	1	0	0	83	5	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	35	10	6	3	1	1	80	10	3488

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	17	10	5	5	3	0	79	10	105
2022	First Nations	71	12	10	4	3	0	0	83	7	40
2022	Métis	59	20	9	6	3	4	0	82	9	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	26	9	4	3	2	2	83	7	4065
2020	Indigenous	57	20	10	2	4	3	3	82	6	84
2020	Métis	58	17	14	2	3	2	4	80	5	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	56	24	10	4	2	2	2	83	7	3583

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	21	6	5	6	4	0	83	11	105
2022	First Nations	71	10	8	2	6	3	0	83	8	40
2022	Métis	55	27	3	6	6	3	0	85	12	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	30	8	5	2	0	0	85	7	4065
2020	Indigenous	66	21	8	3	2	0	0	87	5	84
2020	Métis	64	19	7	6	4	0	0	83	10	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	31	8	4	2	0	0	86	7	3588
2019	Indigenous	54	23	9	8	2	1	3	80	11	77
2019	Métis	48	34	5	8	2	0	3	84	10	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	30	9	6	3	1	0	82	9	3867
2018	Indigenous	52	27	10	8	3	0	0	79	11	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	50	31	8	6	3	1	0	83	9	3482

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	66	18	6	0	4	3	3	89	5	105
2022	First Nations	66	24	2	0	3	3	3	95	3	40
2022	Métis	71	17	2	0	2	4	4	96	2	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	72	19	4	1	1	1	1	93	3	4065

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	63	17	11	5	4	1	0	80	9	105
2022	First Nations	71	13	12	2	3	0	0	83	5	40
2022	Métis	60	21	7	8	2	2	0	83	10	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	61	25	7	4	3	0	0	86	7	4070
2020	Indigenous	64	23	3	6	2	0	1	88	8	84
2020	Métis	66	19	4	6	5	0	0	85	11	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	61	25	7	5	2	0	0	86	7	3584
2019	Indigenous	64	17	8	1	6	1	1	83	8	77
2019	Métis	61	18	14	3	5	0	0	79	7	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	26	8	5	3	0	0	84	8	3862
2018	Indigenous	66	15	8	8	3	0	0	81	11	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	28	9	5	3	0	0	82	8	3486

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	87	5	3	0	2	1	2	95	2	105
2022	First Nations	94	2	0	0	3	0	2	97	3	40
2022	Métis	85	9	4	0	0	2	0	96	0	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	84	10	2	2	1	0	1	95	3	4070
2019	Indigenous	79	9	1	4	3	0	4	92	7	76
2019	Métis	79	11	3	8	0	0	0	90	8	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	81	12	3	2	1	0	1	94	3	3856

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Senior Management

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	27	13	10	8	8	67	19	105
2022	First Nations	41	32	11	6	8	2	74	14	40
2022	Métis	33	30	15	13	6	3	65	19	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	29	13	8	7	10	68	17	4070
2020	Indigenous	52	27	10	5	2	5	82	7	84
2020	Métis	46	29	12	6	5	2	76	11	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	30	11	4	2	11	81	7	3578
2019	Indigenous	44	22	12	9	7	7	70	17	76
2019	Métis	39	25	13	10	8	5	68	19	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	32	13	6	3	9	76	9	3856
2018	Indigenous	41	30	13	7	3	6	76	11	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	33	13	6	3	9	76	10	3491

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	22	14	21	10	3	0	54	32	105
2022	First Nations	24	24	20	23	8	0	0	49	31	40
2022	Métis	35	24	9	26	5	2	0	60	31	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	27	15	14	15	3	0	55	29	4065
2020	Indigenous	50	27	9	7	4	2	1	79	11	84
2020	Métis	44	26	10	11	7	0	2	72	18	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	36	13	7	3	3	0	76	11	3575
2019	Indigenous	35	31	13	8	11	3	0	68	19	76
2019	Métis	37	30	10	10	11	3	0	69	21	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	35	16	9	5	4	0	69	14	3856
2018	Indigenous	34	37	12	6	7	3	0	73	14	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	37	15	9	4	3	0	71	14	3473

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	25	16	20	13	7	0	47	36	105
2022	First Nations	22	21	23	27	8	0	0	43	34	40
2022	Métis	19	37	10	19	10	5	0	59	31	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	25	17	17	16	6	0	46	36	4065
2020	Indigenous	38	31	12	10	4	4	1	73	15	84
2020	Métis	28	38	10	13	5	4	2	71	18	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	35	17	10	4	6	0	67	15	3572
2019	Indigenous	16	34	16	17	11	7	0	53	30	76
2019	Métis	21	38	7	21	10	3	0	61	32	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	33	20	11	6	8	0	60	19	3852
2018	Indigenous	24	39	17	10	7	3	0	65	17	71
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	33	19	12	5	8	0	61	18	3482

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	25	11	27	13	7	0	45	43	105
2022	First Nations	22	23	13	29	13	0	0	45	41	40
2022	Métis	15	33	9	27	12	4	0	50	40	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	29	14	18	17	3	0	49	36	4070
2020	Indigenous	36	28	12	15	5	2	1	66	21	84
2020	Métis	29	35	8	16	8	2	2	67	25	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	36	15	12	5	3	0	66	18	3585
2019	Indigenous	17	40	11	14	15	3	0	59	30	76
2019	Métis	19	40	11	10	20	0	0	59	30	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	35	17	14	8	4	0	59	23	3852
2018	Indigenous	21	30	20	14	11	4	0	53	26	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	36	18	15	8	4	0	59	23	3490

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	50	30	11	3	2	4	1	84	5	105
2022	First Nations	48	34	9	0	5	2	2	86	5	40
2022	Métis	53	27	11	5	0	4	0	83	5	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	26	11	3	1	5	1	84	5	4070
2020	Indigenous	48	31	9	2	0	8	2	87	3	83
2020	Métis	52	22	9	5	0	9	4	84	5	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	57	24	10	3	1	5	1	86	4	3580
2019	Indigenous	65	19	7	4	0	3	2	89	4	77
2019	Métis	69	18	5	5	0	3	0	89	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	23	8	2	1	5	0	89	3	3864

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My Organization (Department or Agency)

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	29	14	11	12	3	63	23	105
2022	First Nations	33	36	10	13	8	0	69	21	40
2022	Métis	24	32	18	9	15	2	58	24	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	41	15	12	8	1	64	21	4060
2020	Indigenous	43	39	10	6	2	0	82	8	83
2020	Métis	38	36	13	9	4	0	74	13	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	45	12	5	2	1	81	7	3579
2019	Indigenous	43	32	11	5	7	1	76	12	77
2019	Métis	42	35	10	5	5	3	79	11	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	44	12	6	2	1	80	8	3862
2018	Indigenous	38	42	10	8	1	0	80	10	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	45	14	7	2	2	78	9	3483

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	25	19	18	16	2	0	45	35	105
2022	First Nations	20	26	15	24	15	0	0	46	39	40
2022	Métis	21	24	21	19	12	3	0	47	32	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	27	16	21	21	2	0	40	43	4060
2020	Indigenous	38	31	17	5	7	1	1	71	12	82
2020	Métis	32	37	13	7	11	0	0	69	18	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	39	17	14	4	3	0	64	18	3557
2019	Indigenous	25	32	14	14	9	5	0	60	25	77
2019	Métis	23	36	15	13	11	3	0	61	24	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	19	36	20	16	6	3	0	57	23	3858

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	33	9	12	7	2	1	70	20	105
2022	First Nations	38	37	6	9	8	0	3	77	17	40
2022	Métis	28	36	8	21	5	2	0	65	26	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	36	16	12	6	5	2	63	19	4070
2020	Indigenous	49	28	8	9	4	1	1	79	13	83
2020	Métis	48	23	9	13	7	0	0	71	20	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	37	14	7	3	4	2	74	11	3577
2019	Indigenous	31	25	17	13	10	3	1	58	24	77
2019	Métis	34	23	18	15	10	0	0	57	25	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	37	14	9	4	3	2	72	13	3868
2018	Indigenous	41	36	11	7	3	1	0	79	10	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	40	12	8	3	4	2	76	11	3479

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	30	18	8	4	2	70	12	105
2022	First Nations	40	30	18	10	3	0	70	12	40
2022	Métis	34	32	19	8	4	3	68	13	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	28	39	19	7	4	3	69	12	4070
2020	Indigenous	57	25	11	1	1	5	86	2	82
2020	Métis	54	28	12	2	2	2	84	4	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	38	13	3	1	2	82	5	3563
2019	Indigenous	42	30	19	4	4	1	72	8	77
2019	Métis	49	30	15	3	3	0	80	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	39	14	4	2	2	79	6	3864
2018	Indigenous	39	40	15	4	2	0	79	6	72
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	40	13	4	2	2	81	6	3466

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	20	13	14	14	13	2	52	33	105
2022	First Nations	20	18	14	16	11	15	6	48	34	40
2022	Métis	19	26	10	15	17	13	0	52	37	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	24	18	11	10	14	4	52	26	4070
2020	Indigenous	42	16	18	6	10	5	2	63	17	82
2020	Métis	43	11	22	9	13	2	0	55	22	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	24	17	11	7	13	3	58	21	3568
2019	Indigenous	20	14	25	15	14	8	3	39	33	77
2019	Métis	25	13	27	20	13	3	0	39	34	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	24	19	11	9	13	3	53	25	3870
2018	Indigenous	17	30	12	10	11	12	7	58	27	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	25	19	12	10	12	3	53	25	3485

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	19	20	8	14	1	0	58	22	105
2022	First Nations	44	19	12	6	19	0	0	63	25	40
2022	Métis	32	24	23	11	11	0	0	56	22	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	35	18	13	9	3	0	58	23	4070
2020	Indigenous	38	27	12	9	10	3	1	68	20	83
2020	Métis	42	22	11	11	13	2	0	65	24	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	37	16	10	5	3	1	68	15	3567
2019	Indigenous	34	23	20	12	9	3	0	58	22	76
2019	Métis	38	19	21	10	13	0	0	57	23	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	36	18	12	6	2	0	64	18	3860
2018	Indigenous	27	35	20	10	5	3	0	64	15	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	38	16	10	6	2	0	67	17	3483

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	46	26	12	7	8	2	0	74	15	105
2022	First Nations	53	21	12	2	10	2	0	76	12	40
2022	Métis	37	37	11	8	5	2	0	75	14	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	24	12	5	4	1	6	77	10	4070
2020	Indigenous	54	19	14	2	1	1	9	81	4	83
2020	Métis	53	15	15	4	2	0	11	76	7	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	24	12	6	3	1	4	78	9	3582
2019	Indigenous	61	22	8	4	3	0	3	85	7	77
2019	Métis	67	23	5	5	0	0	0	90	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	23	10	5	2	1	5	82	7	3874

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	22	18	10	6	2	0	66	16	105
2022	First Nations	52	21	14	2	8	2	0	75	10	40
2022	Métis	37	23	23	14	2	2	0	60	16	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	25	15	8	5	2	5	71	13	4070
2020	Indigenous	48	14	14	9	6	0	8	68	17	83
2020	Métis	49	10	12	6	12	0	11	66	20	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	26	14	6	4	1	4	75	10	3581
2019	Indigenous	49	17	17	7	4	5	1	70	11	77
2019	Métis	40	20	21	11	3	5	0	63	14	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	25	14	5	3	2	5	76	9	3861

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	73	10	4	4	6	4	0	87	10	105
2022	First Nations	79	9	0	5	5	2	0	90	10	40
2022	Métis	73	13	4	2	6	3	0	89	8	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	72	8	4	2	2	4	7	91	5	4065
2020	Indigenous	73	6	7	2	4	1	8	86	7	83
2020	Métis	71	6	9	2	5	0	6	83	8	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	75	9	4	2	2	3	5	92	4	3569
2019	Indigenous	71	10	3	3	4	5	4	90	7	77
2019	Métis	79	10	0	3	2	3	3	95	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	76	8	4	1	2	4	5	92	3	3859

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	68	8	5	3	6	4	5	84	10	105
2022	First Nations	63	13	2	3	12	2	4	82	16	40
2022	Métis	72	7	7	3	0	5	5	88	4	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	67	9	5	2	3	2	12	88	6	4065
2020	Indigenous	67	11	4	0	5	1	12	90	6	83
2020	Métis	61	13	4	0	10	0	13	84	11	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	74	9	4	1	1	2	9	93	3	3571
2019	Indigenous	79	3	1	0	5	3	9	93	6	77
2019	Métis	92	0	0	0	2	3	3	98	2	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	79	5	2	1	1	2	11	96	2	3854

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	30	8	11	17	2	1	64	28	105
2022	First Nations	33	30	9	7	21	0	0	63	28	40
2022	Métis	32	31	6	12	16	3	0	64	30	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	34	12	14	12	3	3	60	27	4070
2020	Indigenous	31	24	15	8	17	2	2	58	26	83
2020	Métis	36	20	13	8	19	0	4	58	29	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	33	14	12	10	3	3	62	23	3581
2019	Indigenous	30	25	16	13	17	0	0	55	30	77
2019	Métis	28	31	10	15	15	0	0	59	30	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	34	14	12	10	2	2	61	24	3872
2018	Indigenous	24	31	15	14	14	1	0	56	28	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	33	14	13	10	2	2	62	24	3489

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	34	8	13	6	4	1	71	20	105
2022	First Nations	36	38	9	7	7	2	0	76	15	40
2022	Métis	28	36	9	16	3	7	0	69	21	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	41	18	9	4	4	1	68	13	4065
2020	Indigenous	33	42	13	5	5	2	0	77	10	84
2020	Métis	35	29	21	6	9	0	0	64	15	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	43	16	6	2	4	0	75	9	3569
2019	Indigenous	26	47	12	6	5	4	0	76	12	77
2019	Métis	26	41	18	10	3	2	0	69	13	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	44	17	8	3	4	1	72	11	3868
2018	Indigenous	28	42	15	4	3	7	1	76	8	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	39	19	7	4	3	1	69	11	3487

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	26	10	10	6	4	73	17	105
2022	First Nations	49	21	9	11	7	3	72	19	40
2022	Métis	41	31	13	9	3	3	74	13	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	39	12	7	5	3	76	12	4070
2020	Indigenous	51	26	15	5	4	0	77	8	83
2020	Métis	43	27	19	4	7	0	70	11	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	39	9	4	1	2	84	6	3556
2019	Indigenous	46	32	12	5	5	0	78	11	77
2019	Métis	44	33	10	10	3	0	77	13	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	40	9	4	2	2	85	6	3846
2018	Indigenous	46	38	8	4	1	2	86	5	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	37	8	3	1	2	88	4	3483

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

A diverse workforce includes persons who have a variety of identities, abilities, backgrounds, cultures, skills, perspectives and experiences.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	28	8	3	7	11	0	80	11	105
2022	First Nations	52	26	12	0	8	3	0	80	8	40
2022	Métis	37	37	9	5	5	7	0	79	11	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	36	12	4	3	7	1	80	8	4065
2020	Indigenous	61	24	8	3	3	1	0	85	7	84
2020	Métis	56	21	9	6	6	2	0	78	13	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	36	11	3	1	4	0	84	5	3554
2019	Indigenous	50	26	9	5	2	7	0	82	8	76
2019	Métis	58	24	5	5	2	5	0	87	8	38
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	35	9	2	1	3	1	88	3	3860
2018	Indigenous	54	32	4	6	0	4	0	90	6	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	35	9	2	1	3	0	88	3	3479

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism. Anti-racism is the conscious opposition to racist theories, attitudes and actions. Anti-racism is not just about being against the idea of racism. It is also about taking active steps to fight against it.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	30	20	18	6	5	20	0	63	14	105
2022	First Nations	32	29	15	3	7	14	0	71	12	40
2022	Métis	27	19	21	7	6	21	0	58	16	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	25	19	5	3	15	2	67	9	4065
2020	Indigenous	47	23	17	3	0	7	2	77	4	84
2020	Métis	43	31	15	6	0	4	0	77	7	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	33	14	4	1	7	1	80	5	3575

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	24	9	7	6	4	1	77	13	105
2022	First Nations	48	26	11	4	8	3	0	76	12	40
2022	Métis	42	32	7	10	2	5	1	79	13	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	31	10	5	4	8	4	79	10	4060
2020	Indigenous	55	24	6	10	2	1	2	82	12	83
2020	Métis	62	23	4	7	4	0	0	84	11	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	30	10	4	2	5	2	81	7	3571

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Racism refers to any expression of prejudice, discrimination, hostility or violence against people because they appear to belong to a specific race or ethnic group. Racism may show up in individual actions, with conscious awareness or not, and/or in organizational policies or practices.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	7	11	2	49	5	20	67	18	105
2022	First Nations	12	6	8	0	57	4	12	68	22	40
2022	Métis	2	8	13	3	41	7	25	66	15	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	4	10	6	43	7	27	75	10	4060

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

The Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion in the Federal Public Service is a call to leaders in the Public Service to take deliberate action to address systemic racism and make the Public Service more inclusive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	14	25	3	8	35	4	41	19	105
2022	First Nations	17	14	15	4	10	40	0	52	23	40
2022	Métis	12	14	31	3	5	28	7	40	12	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	13	21	4	4	44	6	42	16	4070

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	48	26	14	5	6	0	1	75	11	105
2022	First Nations	51	26	16	4	3	0	0	77	7	40
2022	Métis	47	25	17	5	6	0	0	72	11	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	45	33	9	8	4	0	0	79	12	4070
2020	Indigenous	63	24	4	3	5	0	0	87	8	84
2020	Métis	62	19	6	4	9	0	0	81	13	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	59	31	6	3	1	0	0	90	4	3583
2019	Indigenous	51	32	12	1	2	1	0	84	4	77
2019	Métis	54	28	10	3	2	3	0	84	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	32	6	3	2	0	0	89	4	3863
2018	Indigenous	59	28	8	1	4	0	0	86	6	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	57	32	7	2	1	0	0	90	4	3476

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	27	16	11	10	0	63	21	105
2022	First Nations	40	25	22	4	8	0	65	12	40
2022	Métis	35	27	14	14	11	0	62	24	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	31	15	10	7	1	67	18	4065
2020	Indigenous	54	30	8	6	2	0	84	8	83
2020	Métis	53	26	10	6	5	0	79	11	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	30	11	5	2	1	82	7	3573
2019	Indigenous	49	27	12	5	5	1	78	10	77
2019	Métis	52	18	10	10	8	3	71	18	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	33	11	4	3	1	81	7	3867
2018	Indigenous	51	25	11	5	6	1	78	11	72
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	32	12	4	2	0	81	7	3477

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	28	9	19	10	0	61	30	105
2022	First Nations	35	32	12	13	8	0	68	21	40
2022	Métis	33	25	7	24	11	0	58	35	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	32	14	13	8	0	65	21	4065
2020	Indigenous	49	31	9	9	2	0	80	11	84
2020	Métis	43	36	4	12	5	0	79	17	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	33	11	5	2	0	82	7	3568
2019	Indigenous	47	28	10	8	5	1	76	13	77
2019	Métis	49	22	8	15	3	3	74	18	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	35	11	6	3	0	81	8	3851
2018	Indigenous	49	32	11	4	5	0	81	8	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	46	35	11	5	2	0	82	8	3457

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	24	15	12	15	5	0	56	28	105
2022	First Nations	31	27	18	4	15	5	0	60	21	40
2022	Métis	31	23	15	17	12	1	0	55	30	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	25	18	12	9	5	1	59	22	4070
2020	Indigenous	37	22	19	8	7	5	3	64	16	84
2020	Métis	33	25	15	12	4	6	4	65	18	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	26	15	7	4	3	1	73	11	3580
2019	Indigenous	39	23	16	9	9	4	0	65	19	77
2019	Métis	49	17	13	8	10	3	0	68	19	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	27	16	8	5	3	0	70	14	3872
2018	Indigenous	46	21	15	11	5	1	0	68	17	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	27	15	9	5	3	0	70	14	3479

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Mobility and Retention

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Unsure (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	28	31	105
2022	First Nations	36	27	37	40
2022	Métis	36	33	31	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	29	34	4070
2020	Indigenous	32	35	33	84
2020	Métis	38	37	25	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	41	34	3589
2019	Indigenous	26	24	49	77
2019	Métis	27	27	46	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	39	34	3872
2018	Indigenous	21	34	45	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	43	32	3496

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

The question content has been modified from the 2020 PSES, see Question number concordance
In order to make historical trend analysis, Q56 has followed same format as last year. This means Q56_1 is same as Q53 in the 2020 PSES, and Q56_2 is same as Q54 in the 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes, to retire (%)	Yes, to pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	Yes, to pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	Yes, end of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Yes, other reason Specify other reason (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	23	54	0	10	2	40
2022	First Nations	6	29	56	0	9	0	15
2022	Métis	15	25	55	0	0	5	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	36	26	6	12	8	1450
2020	Indigenous	3	21	17	5	46	8	27
2020	Métis	0	22	10	7	48	13	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	39	21	3	16	5	902
2019	Indigenous	0	49	20	5	12	15	20
2019	Métis	0	27	20	10	23	20	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	37	25	5	15	5	1026
2018	Indigenous	7	40	41	7	6	0	15
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	42	24	5	12	5	873

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Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.

Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable acts, comments or displays that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	88	105
2022	First Nations	14	86	40
2022	Métis	12	88	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	4065
2020	Indigenous	9	91	84
2020	Métis	13	87	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	3583
2019	Indigenous	14	86	77
2019	Métis	15	85	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	3870
2018	Indigenous	17	83	72
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	3489

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	47	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	64	260
2019	Indigenous	45	55	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	58	279
2018	Indigenous	42	58	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	55	302

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	69	31	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	69	31	260

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	78	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	260

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	260
2019	Indigenous	0	100	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	0	100	279

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	78	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	260
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	2	98	302

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	83	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	260
2019	Indigenous	0	100	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	2	98	279
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	2	98	302

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	260
2019	Indigenous	0	100	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	279
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	302

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	62	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	69	265

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	47	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	35	65	265

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	47	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	38	62	265

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	36	64	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	63	265
2019	Indigenous	53	47	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	60	276

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	66	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	265

Question 59f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	75	25	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	53	47	265
2019	Indigenous	55	45	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	44	276
2018	Indigenous	50	50	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	53	47	302

Question 59g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	45	55	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	69	265
2019	Indigenous	46	54	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	29	71	276

Question 59h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	265

Question 59i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	265
2019	Indigenous	0	100	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	276
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	302

Question 59j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	75	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	265
2019	Indigenous	0	100	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	276

Question 59k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	56	44	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	53	265
2018	Indigenous	52	48	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	56	302

Question 59l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	94	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	17	83	265
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	83	302

Question 59m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	71	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	265

Question 60a. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	69	31	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	48	52	265
2018	Indigenous	40	60	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	44	301

Question 60b. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? …I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	58	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	265
2018	Indigenous	40	60	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	72	301

Question 60c. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	85	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	265
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	301

Question 60d. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	265

Question 60e. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	265
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	301

Question 60f. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	265
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	301

Question 60g. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	76	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	265
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	301

Question 60h. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	74	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	265

Question 60i. What actions did you take to address the harassment you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	83	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	69	265
2018	Indigenous	52	48	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	74	301

Question 61a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	93	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	255
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	290

Question 61b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	255

Question 61c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	15	85	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	255
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	290

Question 61d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	93	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	255

Question 61e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	255

Question 61f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	255

Question 61g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	94	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	255
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	290

Question 61h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	94	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	255

Question 61i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	92	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	255

Question 61j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	66	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	70	255

Question 61k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	83	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	255

Question 61l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	51	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	44	56	255
2018	Indigenous	58	42	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	56	290

Question 61m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	84	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	255
2018	Indigenous	0	100	12
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	290

Question 61n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	42	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	54	46	255

Question 61o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	255

Question 61p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	76	15
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	255

Question 62. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	15	18	2	9	35	6	52	18	105
2022	First Nations	11	22	20	2	5	31	9	55	11	40
2022	Métis	21	14	14	2	9	37	2	58	19	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	12	11	3	3	42	14	60	14	4060
2020	Indigenous	22	12	16	6	6	29	8	55	19	84
2020	Métis	22	17	19	6	9	23	4	53	21	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	16	14	4	2	33	9	66	10	3574
2019	Indigenous	22	10	19	7	13	22	7	46	28	76
2019	Métis	28	10	19	7	13	20	3	49	26	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	16	15	5	3	29	11	62	13	3869
2018	Indigenous	17	20	13	9	8	29	4	55	26	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	19	16	4	3	30	7	63	12	3476

Question 63. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	35	27	11	8	5	13	0	72	15	105
2022	First Nations	36	30	11	6	7	10	0	74	14	40
2022	Métis	39	28	11	8	3	11	0	75	13	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	31	13	4	2	17	3	76	8	4070
2020	Indigenous	38	29	11	4	4	11	2	78	9	83
2020	Métis	33	30	13	6	7	11	0	70	15	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	30	12	3	2	10	1	80	6	3579
2019	Indigenous	33	35	8	5	8	8	3	76	15	77
2019	Métis	36	38	11	0	10	5	0	77	11	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	41	31	12	4	2	8	1	80	6	3874
2018	Indigenous	30	36	16	6	2	10	1	74	8	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	34	14	4	2	8	1	79	6	3480

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Discrimination

Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of a person or group of people that deprives them of or limits their access to opportunities and advantages that are available to other members of society. The Canadian Human Rights Act sets out the following prohibited grounds of discrimination: race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered.

Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.

Question 64. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	17	83	105
2022	First Nations	16	84	40
2022	Métis	17	83	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	4065
2020	Indigenous	11	89	84
2020	Métis	13	87	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	96	3580
2019	Indigenous	10	90	77
2019	First Nations	16	84	32
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	3860

Question 65a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	69	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	77	250

Question 65b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	71	29	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	76	24	250

Question 65c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	95	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	250

Question 65d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	250

Question 65e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	67	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	250

Question 65f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	23	77	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	250

Question 65g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	24	76	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	250

Question 66a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	62	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	74	250

Question 66b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	74	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	19	81	250

Question 66c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	87	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	250

Question 66d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	250

Question 66e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	69	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	77	250

Question 66f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	89	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	24	76	250

Question 66g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	250

Question 66h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	250

Question 66i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	5	95	250

Question 66j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	95	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	250

Question 66k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	250

Question 66l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	33	67	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	82	250

Question 66m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	100	250

Question 66n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	89	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	20	80	250

Question 67a. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	38	62	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	68	250

Question 67b. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	80	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	250

Question 67c. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	84	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	250

Question 67d. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	94	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	250

Question 67e. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	94	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	3	97	250

Question 67f. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	250

Question 67g. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? …I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	95	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	250

Question 67h. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? … Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	94	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	250

Question 67i. What actions did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? ...I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	43	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	50	250

Question 68a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	89	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	6	94	230

Question 68b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	88	230

Question 68c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	230

Question 68d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	4	96	230

Question 68e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? … Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	95	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	1	99	230

Question 68f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	94	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	230

Question 68g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	95	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	230

Question 68h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	6	94	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	13	87	230

Question 68i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	95	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	230

Question 68j. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	34	66	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	25	75	230

Question 68k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	89	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	93	230

Question 68l. Why did you not file a grievance or a formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	42	58	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	41	59	230

Question 68m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	89	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	230

Question 68n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	59	41	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	66	34	230

Question 68o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? …The time limit to file a grievance or a formal complaint had passed.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	0	100	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	230

Question 68p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	78	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	230

Question 69. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	21	12	20	4	5	30	8	54	14	105
2022	First Nations	22	9	23	0	3	27	16	55	5	40
2022	Métis	23	13	14	7	7	33	4	56	22	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	13	14	2	2	43	10	59	10	4060
2020	Indigenous	20	13	15	9	3	31	9	56	20	84
2020	Métis	19	19	18	11	3	27	4	55	19	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	16	14	2	2	36	7	68	7	3566
2019	Indigenous	23	12	21	1	5	26	12	56	10	77
2019	Métis	28	15	24	0	5	20	8	60	7	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	16	15	3	2	33	10	66	8	3866
2018	Indigenous	18	21	16	6	0	35	4	64	10	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	19	15	2	2	34	6	67	7	3480

Question 70. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	37	29	14	7	5	8	1	72	13	105
2022	First Nations	40	26	14	5	5	8	2	73	11	40
2022	Métis	33	31	14	8	6	8	0	70	15	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	29	32	14	3	3	17	3	75	7	4060
2020	Indigenous	40	24	12	7	3	12	2	75	11	84
2020	Métis	37	27	13	8	5	10	0	71	15	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	31	12	3	2	10	1	82	5	3574
2019	Indigenous	37	29	13	3	5	9	4	76	9	77
2019	Métis	38	31	14	0	8	7	3	76	9	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	29	12	2	2	10	2	82	5	3865
2018	Indigenous	32	37	11	1	0	17	1	85	2	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	39	32	13	2	2	10	1	81	5	3486

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 71. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Non-Indigenous	0	4	29	21	32	14	0	5	61	65

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Stress and Well-Being

Question 72a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	21	14	11	19	0	2	55	31	105
2022	First Nations	29	16	23	5	22	0	5	48	28	40
2022	Métis	31	24	12	16	18	0	0	55	33	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	26	16	8	9	0	3	65	18	4050
2020	Indigenous	60	21	8	3	4	1	2	84	7	84
2020	Métis	61	11	13	5	7	0	4	74	12	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	28	12	4	3	0	1	81	8	3578
2019	Indigenous	48	21	14	9	5	1	1	70	15	77
2019	Métis	43	19	25	5	3	3	3	65	8	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	29	12	5	4	0	1	78	10	3869
2018	Indigenous	53	19	13	4	8	1	1	74	13	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	29	15	6	5	0	1	74	11	3477

Question 72b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	29	9	17	22	0	1	52	40	105
2022	First Nations	15	34	8	15	29	0	0	48	44	40
2022	Métis	25	23	11	20	19	0	2	49	40	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	21	29	24	13	11	0	1	50	25	4050
2020	Indigenous	23	24	29	13	8	1	0	48	22	84
2020	Métis	17	26	31	15	11	0	0	43	26	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	27	25	15	12	0	0	47	27	3583
2019	Indigenous	19	29	35	10	6	0	0	48	17	77
2019	Métis	24	25	33	10	7	0	0	49	18	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	30	24	12	8	0	1	56	20	3865
2018	Indigenous	15	44	20	11	8	0	1	60	19	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	29	26	15	8	0	1	50	24	3478

Question 72c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	23	18	11	13	0	3	57	24	105
2022	First Nations	31	19	24	9	15	0	2	51	24	40
2022	Métis	30	24	15	17	11	0	3	56	29	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	31	30	19	10	8	1	2	63	18	4035
2020	Indigenous	34	30	13	14	7	1	1	66	21	83
2020	Métis	30	36	10	13	8	0	2	67	22	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	29	21	11	8	0	1	59	20	3574
2019	Indigenous	33	27	18	14	8	0	0	60	22	77
2019	Métis	36	23	21	13	7	0	0	59	20	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	30	19	9	6	0	1	66	15	3857
2018	Indigenous	21	39	26	7	6	0	1	61	13	72
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	31	22	11	5	1	1	61	17	3474

Question 72d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	24	15	11	27	0	1	47	38	105
2022	First Nations	20	32	16	10	23	0	0	51	33	40
2022	Métis	20	21	14	14	29	0	2	42	44	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	25	20	14	14	1	2	50	29	4050
2020	Indigenous	40	17	19	13	8	1	1	58	22	84
2020	Métis	31	19	25	8	15	0	2	51	24	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	24	22	14	11	1	1	52	26	3577
2019	Indigenous	27	24	23	12	13	0	1	51	25	77
2019	Métis	22	32	28	10	7	0	0	54	18	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	27	21	13	9	1	2	57	22	3853
2018	Indigenous	22	40	23	8	7	0	0	62	15	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	25	23	14	8	1	1	53	23	3464

Question 72e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	49	15	12	5	12	0	6	69	18	105
2022	First Nations	48	15	14	7	9	0	7	68	18	40
2022	Métis	44	14	16	5	14	0	7	63	20	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	23	12	6	5	0	7	75	12	4055
2020	Indigenous	50	26	11	6	5	0	3	78	11	84
2020	Métis	37	30	13	6	7	0	6	72	14	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	24	15	8	7	0	3	69	15	3563
2019	Indigenous	62	21	4	5	5	0	3	85	11	76
2019	Métis	60	21	3	8	5	0	3	84	13	38
2019	Non-Indigenous	58	19	9	4	3	0	6	83	8	3855
2018	Indigenous	58	19	15	1	4	0	3	79	5	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	53	22	11	5	3	1	7	80	8	3473

Question 72f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	32	23	16	11	17	0	55	29	105
2022	First Nations	31	19	19	10	21	0	50	31	40
2022	Métis	31	31	16	8	14	0	62	22	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	32	28	19	10	9	1	62	19	4055
2020	Indigenous	28	27	26	9	9	0	55	19	83
2020	Métis	24	27	24	9	16	0	51	25	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	28	20	13	10	0	56	23	3575
2019	Indigenous	37	32	9	14	6	1	70	21	77
2019	Métis	42	25	8	15	7	3	69	23	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	30	19	8	6	1	68	14	3861
2018	Indigenous	37	37	15	6	6	0	74	11	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	35	28	20	9	7	0	63	16	3483

Question 72g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	19	21	6	11	2	2	60	18	105
2022	First Nations	49	14	19	2	12	0	2	65	15	40
2022	Métis	29	22	24	8	11	4	2	54	20	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	33	31	18	8	7	1	2	66	15	4050
2020	Indigenous	42	30	11	6	6	5	1	76	12	83
2020	Métis	39	21	12	8	11	8	0	66	21	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	34	18	6	3	1	1	72	9	3574
2019	Indigenous	36	34	19	4	7	0	0	70	11	77
2019	Métis	30	39	17	5	8	0	0	70	13	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	36	19	6	4	1	1	71	10	3855
2018	Indigenous	33	43	14	7	3	0	0	76	10	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	36	21	7	4	1	1	67	11	3480

Question 72h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	27	16	10	13	2	2	60	24	105
2022	First Nations	36	22	16	14	10	0	2	60	24	40
2022	Métis	20	35	16	8	15	4	2	59	24	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	31	20	11	9	1	2	58	21	4055
2020	Indigenous	27	36	18	9	7	1	1	65	17	82
2020	Métis	28	40	15	4	11	2	0	69	16	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	34	21	11	6	0	1	61	17	3574
2019	Indigenous	26	30	27	11	7	0	0	56	17	76
2019	Métis	18	42	24	11	5	0	0	60	16	38
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	33	21	11	6	0	1	62	17	3862
2018	Indigenous	34	28	29	8	1	0	0	62	10	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	33	24	11	5	1	1	59	17	3473

Question 72i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	26	23	7	11	1	2	58	19	105
2022	First Nations	35	26	22	7	8	0	2	62	15	40
2022	Métis	24	24	28	8	12	2	2	50	21	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	30	18	10	7	0	2	65	17	4060
2020	Indigenous	37	27	22	6	7	0	1	65	13	84
2020	Métis	47	21	12	8	12	0	0	68	20	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	33	17	8	5	0	1	69	14	3576
2019	Indigenous	36	30	19	8	6	0	0	66	14	77
2019	Métis	28	37	18	10	7	0	0	65	18	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	32	19	9	6	0	1	66	14	3859
2018	Indigenous	35	30	19	10	3	3	0	67	13	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	30	33	21	10	5	0	1	64	15	3473

Question 72j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	29	9	3	9	1	2	78	12	105
2022	First Nations	57	23	2	0	15	0	2	82	15	40
2022	Métis	38	30	14	6	7	2	2	71	14	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	26	11	5	5	0	2	78	11	4055
2020	Indigenous	64	13	10	10	2	0	1	78	12	83
2020	Métis	66	9	10	11	4	0	0	75	15	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	25	12	6	4	0	1	77	10	3565
2019	Indigenous	54	18	12	7	9	0	0	72	16	76
2019	Métis	53	21	8	8	10	0	0	74	18	38
2019	Non-Indigenous	48	27	13	6	5	0	1	76	11	3859

Question 72k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	55	26	7	4	5	2	83	10	105
2022	First Nations	55	26	5	4	8	2	82	12	40
2022	Métis	50	29	8	5	5	3	81	10	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	26	12	5	4	1	79	9	4055
2020	Indigenous	38	33	16	7	5	1	72	11	84
2020	Métis	36	37	17	6	4	0	73	10	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	31	22	12	6	1	59	19	3578

Question 72l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	34	13	7	7	0	0	73	13	105
2022	First Nations	41	30	7	10	12	0	0	71	22	40
2022	Métis	33	36	22	3	6	0	0	69	9	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	36	33	17	8	5	0	1	70	13	4045
2020	Indigenous	34	32	19	7	6	1	1	67	13	84
2020	Métis	32	35	18	5	8	2	0	68	13	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	32	21	10	5	0	1	64	15	3575
2019	Indigenous	38	36	13	9	4	0	0	74	13	77
2019	Métis	38	38	10	10	3	0	0	77	13	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	31	18	8	4	0	1	70	12	3859
2018	Indigenous	34	37	16	7	6	0	0	71	13	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	34	20	9	4	0	1	67	13	3468

Question 72m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	41	13	17	9	15	0	4	57	26	105
2022	First Nations	43	13	17	13	11	0	2	58	25	40
2022	Métis	39	17	16	7	15	0	6	59	24	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	18	16	11	17	1	3	54	29	4050
2020	Indigenous	48	25	21	5	0	0	1	74	5	83
2020	Métis	48	19	29	4	0	0	0	66	4	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	29	14	5	3	0	1	77	8	3561
2019	Indigenous	69	19	4	2	5	0	0	88	8	76
2019	Métis	60	22	5	5	8	0	0	82	13	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	59	22	9	4	3	0	2	83	7	3856
2018	Indigenous	66	20	5	5	3	0	1	87	8	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	23	12	5	4	0	2	79	9	3467

Question 72n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	31	30	25	6	8	0	61	14	105
2022	First Nations	36	31	19	6	8	0	67	14	40
2022	Métis	27	38	25	5	5	0	64	11	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	34	34	17	7	6	1	69	14	4055
2020	Indigenous	30	31	19	13	7	0	61	20	84
2020	Métis	33	30	17	13	7	0	63	20	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	38	21	8	4	0	66	13	3574

Question 72o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	58	14	4	3	8	2	11	83	13	105
2022	First Nations	57	10	4	5	12	0	11	75	20	40
2022	Métis	60	19	5	2	3	2	8	88	6	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	63	13	6	3	4	1	10	85	8	4060
2020	Indigenous	61	26	5	2	2	0	4	90	5	84
2020	Métis	54	33	7	2	2	0	2	89	4	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	70	15	6	2	1	0	6	90	4	3563
2019	Indigenous	84	4	4	3	4	0	1	90	6	77
2019	Métis	85	8	3	3	2	0	0	93	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	77	10	3	1	1	1	7	94	2	3859
2018	Indigenous	81	7	7	2	0	0	4	91	2	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	74	12	5	1	1	1	6	92	3	3469

Question 72p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	74	13	2	3	4	0	5	91	7	105
2022	First Nations	73	12	0	5	5	0	6	90	10	40
2022	Métis	74	11	4	2	4	0	5	90	6	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	77	8	3	2	2	2	6	92	4	4050
2020	Indigenous	82	7	5	2	0	1	3	93	2	84
2020	Métis	79	6	6	2	0	2	4	91	2	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	83	7	3	1	2	1	3	94	3	3562
2019	Indigenous	79	8	3	5	4	0	1	88	9	77
2019	Métis	80	7	5	5	2	0	0	88	7	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	78	10	4	2	3	1	3	91	5	3863
2018	Indigenous	71	14	6	4	2	0	4	88	6	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	77	10	4	2	3	1	4	91	5	3468

Question 72q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	70	19	5	1	1	0	4	92	2	105
2022	First Nations	72	15	7	0	3	0	4	90	3	40
2022	Métis	66	24	3	2	0	0	5	95	2	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	72	16	4	2	1	1	4	92	3	4055
2020	Indigenous	85	8	2	2	0	0	2	95	2	81
2020	Métis	82	11	2	2	0	0	2	96	2	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	74	16	5	2	1	0	2	92	3	3571
2019	Indigenous	59	25	10	1	4	0	0	84	5	77
2019	Métis	57	20	18	3	3	0	0	77	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	64	23	7	3	2	0	2	88	5	3853
2018	Indigenous	58	24	12	4	1	0	1	83	6	72
2018	Non-Indigenous	61	23	9	3	2	0	1	86	5	3482

Question 72r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	65	19	2	6	5	0	3	87	11	105
2022	First Nations	70	19	0	2	7	0	2	91	9	40
2022	Métis	60	20	5	8	2	0	5	85	10	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	69	14	6	3	3	1	3	87	7	4045
2020	Indigenous	74	9	9	3	2	1	1	84	6	84
2020	Métis	73	8	10	2	5	2	0	83	7	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	73	14	6	3	2	0	2	89	5	3569
2019	Indigenous	62	21	6	5	5	0	0	83	10	77
2019	Métis	58	24	10	5	3	0	0	82	8	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	65	18	8	3	4	0	2	85	7	3850
2018	Indigenous	55	22	11	6	4	0	1	79	10	72
2018	Non-Indigenous	61	20	9	5	3	1	1	82	8	3471

Question 72s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	67	10	4	2	1	0	15	92	3	105
2022	First Nations	72	9	5	0	2	0	11	92	2	40
2022	Métis	61	12	7	4	0	0	17	87	5	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	64	11	4	2	1	1	17	92	3	4045
2020	Indigenous	79	3	7	0	0	0	11	92	0	82
2020	Métis	77	2	7	0	0	0	14	92	0	42
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	13	5	1	1	0	16	92	3	3573
2019	Indigenous	67	10	3	0	3	0	18	93	3	74
2019	Métis	68	11	0	0	3	0	18	97	3	37
2019	Non-Indigenous	60	13	5	2	1	0	18	89	4	3848
2018	Indigenous	58	9	9	4	0	0	20	84	5	70
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	15	6	2	1	0	20	89	4	3461

Question 72t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	75	14	3	1	1	0	6	95	2	105
2022	First Nations	73	14	5	0	3	0	5	92	3	40
2022	Métis	73	16	2	2	0	0	8	96	2	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	76	11	3	1	1	1	7	95	2	4050
2020	Indigenous	81	10	3	1	0	0	4	95	1	84
2020	Métis	75	11	6	2	0	0	6	91	2	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	77	12	4	1	1	1	5	94	2	3572
2019	Indigenous	68	18	6	1	1	0	5	90	3	77
2019	Métis	72	16	5	0	0	0	8	95	0	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	76	13	4	1	1	0	5	94	2	3853
2018	Indigenous	65	17	8	4	0	0	7	88	4	72
2018	Non-Indigenous	72	15	5	1	1	0	7	93	2	3476

Question 72u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	57	14	11	5	8	2	2	75	13	105
2022	First Nations	57	17	12	3	6	2	2	78	9	40
2022	Métis	60	12	11	3	9	3	2	76	13	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	63	18	7	3	5	1	4	84	9	4060
2020	Indigenous	72	3	12	2	5	2	3	80	7	84
2020	Métis	79	2	11	0	3	2	4	86	3	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	68	17	7	3	3	1	2	87	6	3577
2019	Indigenous	82	9	2	3	2	0	1	92	5	77
2019	Métis	80	10	2	3	2	0	3	93	5	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	74	13	4	2	3	1	3	90	5	3864
2018	Indigenous	74	15	3	3	4	0	1	90	7	72
2018	Non-Indigenous	74	12	6	2	3	0	3	89	5	3477

Question 72v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you work-related stress? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	60	23	4	5	5	0	2	85	11	105
2022	First Nations	69	11	7	2	8	0	2	82	11	40
2022	Métis	55	33	3	7	0	0	2	89	8	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	52	26	12	4	3	1	3	80	7	4060
2020	Indigenous	47	34	11	3	3	0	1	82	7	83
2020	Métis	56	25	8	6	4	0	0	81	10	43
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	30	14	5	3	0	1	77	8	3577
2019	Indigenous	47	32	12	6	1	0	1	80	8	77
2019	Métis	52	31	5	10	0	0	3	84	10	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	26	12	4	2	0	2	82	6	3856
2018	Indigenous	56	29	11	4	0	0	0	85	4	72
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	28	14	4	2	0	2	79	6	3471

Question 73. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	32	27	16	14	0	43	30	105
2022	First Nations	16	23	25	22	14	0	39	36	40
2022	Métis	5	39	28	17	11	0	45	27	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	32	38	13	6	0	43	20	4070
2020	Indigenous	30	31	21	13	3	1	62	17	84
2020	Métis	31	27	19	15	6	2	59	21	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	33	33	13	4	0	50	17	3585
2019	Indigenous	24	34	30	9	3	0	58	12	77
2019	Métis	32	30	26	10	3	0	62	13	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	35	31	9	4	0	56	13	3866
2018	Indigenous	22	42	22	13	0	1	65	13	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	35	31	11	3	0	54	14	3485

Question 74. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	18	16	32	27	6	0	1	33	35	105
2022	First Nations	23	15	25	29	8	0	0	37	38	40
2022	Métis	14	21	36	23	4	0	2	28	35	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	18	40	22	11	0	0	33	27	4065
2020	Indigenous	11	18	41	16	13	1	0	29	29	84
2020	Métis	11	19	42	16	13	0	0	28	30	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	18	37	24	11	0	0	35	28	3582
2019	Indigenous	8	11	44	25	12	0	0	37	19	76
2019	Métis	8	11	57	17	8	0	0	24	19	38
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	16	36	27	13	0	0	40	24	3851
2018	Indigenous	7	16	37	26	15	0	0	41	22	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	16	37	27	12	0	0	40	23	3461

Question 75. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	38	15	6	9	3	0	69	16	105
2022	First Nations	28	37	11	11	10	3	0	67	21	40
2022	Métis	28	43	14	5	7	3	0	73	12	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	41	15	8	5	4	0	71	14	4070
2020	Indigenous	53	30	10	2	1	2	1	86	3	83
2020	Métis	52	27	11	4	2	4	0	82	6	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	37	9	3	1	2	0	86	5	3569
2019	Indigenous	42	35	13	5	4	1	0	77	9	77
2019	Métis	42	33	8	10	5	2	0	76	16	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	42	13	5	2	3	0	79	7	3859
2018	Indigenous	31	46	14	5	0	3	0	80	6	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	43	13	5	2	3	0	79	7	3484

Question 76. In general, how is your mental health?
Survey year	Demographic	Excellent (%)	Very good (%)	Good (%)	Fair (%)	Poor (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	24	34	21	10	105
2022	First Nations	13	29	22	21	15	40
2022	Métis	5	25	46	17	5	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	12	26	36	20	6	4070

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	61	20	11	4	2	2	0	82	7	105
2022	First Nations	66	13	10	6	3	3	0	81	9	40
2022	Métis	60	26	8	4	0	2	0	87	4	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	26	8	3	2	3	1	87	5	4065
2020	Indigenous	57	20	9	5	1	6	2	84	7	84
2020	Métis	64	10	13	4	3	6	0	79	8	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	28	10	3	2	4	1	83	6	3559

Question 78. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	51	28	7	3	10	1	0	80	13	105
2022	First Nations	56	19	7	4	13	0	0	76	17	40
2022	Métis	52	35	2	3	6	2	0	89	10	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	46	28	9	8	6	1	1	76	15	4065
2020	Indigenous	47	18	7	10	8	8	1	72	20	84
2020	Métis	53	11	8	10	7	10	0	72	19	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	29	11	10	7	2	0	72	17	3579

Question 79. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	59	21	10	2	7	1	0	81	9	105
2022	First Nations	68	12	7	5	8	0	0	80	13	40
2022	Métis	57	33	5	0	4	2	0	91	4	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	55	29	6	4	3	1	1	86	8	4070
2020	Indigenous	61	18	6	8	3	5	0	83	11	84
2020	Métis	55	17	8	8	3	8	0	79	12	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	28	8	5	3	1	0	84	8	3571

Question 80. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	28	34	15	10	12	1	0	62	23	105
2022	First Nations	34	32	13	9	12	0	0	66	21	40
2022	Métis	25	36	13	14	10	2	0	63	24	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	26	39	14	12	7	2	0	66	19	4065
2020	Indigenous	41	29	17	7	4	1	1	72	11	84
2020	Métis	37	21	23	13	5	2	0	59	18	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	35	14	7	3	2	0	75	10	3575
2019	Indigenous	31	36	16	13	4	0	0	67	17	77
2019	Métis	33	36	10	18	3	0	0	69	21	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	40	15	8	4	2	0	72	12	3874
2018	Indigenous	27	43	14	9	4	3	0	72	14	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	39	16	8	4	2	0	72	12	3489

Question 82. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	16	44	11	17	8	0	4	62	27	40
2022	First Nations	13	56	13	9	0	0	9	75	10	15
2022	Métis	15	42	12	15	17	0	0	56	32	20
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	48	15	16	5	2	0	63	22	1650
2020	Indigenous	32	29	15	11	7	6	0	65	19	28
2020	First Nations	18	47	18	0	10	8	0	70	11	11
2020	Métis	41	18	13	18	5	5	0	62	25	17
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	47	15	13	3	1	1	69	16	1422
2019	Indigenous	20	40	12	12	8	4	4	65	22	25
2019	First Nations	15	46	15	8	8	0	8	67	17	13
2019	Métis	27	27	9	18	9	9	0	60	30	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	46	14	11	3	3	5	69	16	1390

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Duty to Accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 83. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	80	105
2022	First Nations	27	73	40
2022	Métis	16	84	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	14	86	4065
2020	Indigenous	17	83	84
2020	Métis	20	80	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	3550
2019	Indigenous	14	86	76
2019	Métis	12	88	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	3871

Question 84. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?

A disability refers to a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, sensory, learning or communication impairment, or a functional limitation, whether apparent or not, and permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society when they face a barrier. A barrier refers to a physical, structural, technological, socioeconomic or cultural obstruction, or one that is related to information, communications, attitudes or mindsets, that hinders a person's full and equal participation in society.
Definition of the term has changed from 2020 PSES.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	70	30	20
2022	First Nations	67	33	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	57	43	605
2020	Indigenous	37	63	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	56	44	389

Question 85. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	47	20
2022	First Nations	52	48	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	71	29	605
2020	Indigenous	80	20	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	82	18	389
2019	Indigenous	91	9	11
2019	Non-Indigenous	86	14	457

Question 86. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	53	18	9	20	0	0	71	20	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	43	34	6	11	4	1	78	16	435
2020	Indigenous	47	22	24	8	0	0	68	8	13
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	36	5	6	2	1	87	8	319
2019	Indigenous	39	20	21	10	9	0	60	19	10
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	32	5	9	4	0	82	13	391

Question 87. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	47	27	10	8	7	0	1	74	15	105
2022	First Nations	49	18	17	7	9	0	0	67	16	40
2022	Métis	43	41	4	9	2	0	2	85	11	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	33	7	4	2	3	3	86	7	4065
2020	Indigenous	54	27	6	1	5	2	6	88	6	84
2020	Métis	56	23	4	2	5	4	6	88	7	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	30	8	4	1	3	3	86	5	3571

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Compensation

Question 88. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	45	25	4	105
2022	First Nations	33	41	21	5	40
2022	Métis	22	52	21	4	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	16	67	15	1	4070
2020	Indigenous	11	72	14	3	84
2020	Métis	19	65	16	0	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	72	16	2	3590

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 89. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	57	25
2022	First Nations	40	60	15
2022	Métis	59	41	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	51	49	615

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 90. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	5	19	15	17	43	0	0	25	60	25
2022	First Nations	0	24	12	27	37	0	0	24	64	15
2022	Métis	12	16	8	16	48	0	0	28	64	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	22	11	20	32	1	2	34	54	615

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 91. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	8	14	7	17	51	0	3	23	70	25
2022	First Nations	0	19	7	20	49	0	5	20	73	15
2022	Métis	20	9	8	24	40	0	0	28	64	10
2022	Non-Indigenous	7	15	10	16	39	4	8	25	63	615

Question 92. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your department or agency or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	43	11	9	1	10	6	20	74	14	105
2022	First Nations	35	17	6	2	9	8	22	74	17	40
2022	Métis	53	10	10	2	7	4	14	77	11	55
2022	Non-Indigenous	47	14	8	4	3	4	20	81	9	4065
2020	Indigenous	48	14	9	1	2	6	19	83	4	84
2020	Métis	46	13	15	2	2	4	18	76	5	44
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	15	8	4	2	3	14	83	7	3579
2019	Indigenous	56	9	12	8	7	2	5	71	16	75
2019	Métis	47	12	16	8	11	5	2	63	20	39
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	17	10	5	4	1	8	79	10	3850
2018	Indigenous	52	13	11	10	6	1	7	71	17	73
2018	Non-Indigenous	58	14	9	5	4	1	9	80	10	3480

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Hybrid Work

Question 94. In general, which of the following best describes the percentage of time you spend working at a Government of Canada location?
Survey year	Demographic	20% (1 out of 5 days) (%)	40% (2 out of 5 days) (%)	60% (3 out of 5 days) (%)	80% (4 out of 5 days) (%)	Other Please specify (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	11	78	8	0	3	65
2022	First Nations	8	83	5	0	4	20
2022	Métis	13	79	6	0	2	35
2022	Non-Indigenous	18	75	2	1	3	3110

Question 95. When working at a Government of Canada location, do you usually work there on the same days of the week?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	63	37	70
2022	First Nations	61	39	25
2022	Métis	64	36	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	71	29	3210

Question 96a. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Attend meetings
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	29	71	70
2022	First Nations	41	59	25
2022	Métis	26	74	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	30	70	3210

Question 96b. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Participate in team building activities
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	39	61	70
2022	First Nations	32	68	25
2022	Métis	44	56	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	50	50	3210

Question 96c. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Collaborate on projects with colleagues (e.g., brainstorming)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	25	75	70
2022	First Nations	19	81	25
2022	Métis	30	70	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	37	63	3210

Question 96d. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Work with stakeholders or clients
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	87	70
2022	First Nations	11	89	25
2022	Métis	16	84	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	11	89	3210

Question 96e. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing onboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	20	80	70
2022	First Nations	20	80	25
2022	Métis	19	81	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	23	77	3210

Question 96f. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Completing offboarding of employees
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	12	88	70
2022	First Nations	13	87	25
2022	Métis	12	88	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	9	91	3210

Question 96g. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Perform individual work
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	19	81	70
2022	First Nations	12	88	25
2022	Métis	25	75	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	3210

Question 96h. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Completing other administrative work (e.g., tasks related to human resources, finance and security)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	13	87	70
2022	First Nations	8	92	25
2022	Métis	15	85	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	92	3210

Question 96i. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? … Discussing sensitive issues
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	14	86	70
2022	First Nations	11	89	25
2022	Métis	18	82	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	15	85	3210

Question 96j. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Training
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	22	78	70
2022	First Nations	21	79	25
2022	Métis	26	74	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	22	78	3210

Question 96k. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	2	98	70
2022	First Nations	0	100	25
2022	Métis	3	97	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	2	98	3210

Question 96l. In general, which of the following activities do you feel are best completed at a Government of Canada location? ...None of the above
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	26	74	70
2022	First Nations	32	68	25
2022	Métis	21	79	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	27	73	3210

Question 97. Having the flexibility to choose where I work allows me to have a better work-life-balance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	75	14	5	3	1	2	91	4	70
2022	First Nations	77	13	0	4	0	6	96	4	25
2022	Métis	67	18	6	3	2	4	88	5	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	71	15	5	3	4	3	88	7	3215

Question 98. I am concerned that I will miss out on career opportunities if I am not at the Government of Canada worksite as often as others.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	9	25	15	11	36	4	0	49	35	70
2022	First Nations	9	21	21	16	27	6	0	46	32	25
2022	Métis	6	33	11	9	41	0	0	50	39	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	10	16	13	14	41	3	4	59	27	3210

Question 99. I believe team members who attend meetings virtually would feel less included than those who attend in person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2022	Indigenous	7	23	10	7	46	6	0	57	33	70
2022	First Nations	9	34	3	13	41	0	0	53	43	25
2022	Métis	5	17	13	5	51	9	0	62	25	40
2022	Non-Indigenous	8	17	14	16	40	4	1	59	26	3215

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2022 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Statistics Canada by Question 119. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal or negative impact on my career.

Question 24. In my work unit, I would feel safe to speak about racism in the workplace without negative impact on my mental health.

Question 25. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 26. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 27. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 28. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 29. My immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work hours (e.g., varying the start and end times of the workday).

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 31. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 32. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 33. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 34. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 35. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 36. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 37. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 38. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 39. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 40. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 41. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 45. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 46. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 47. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workforce.

Question 48. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 49. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsperson, human resources advisor).

Question 50. I feel that racism in my department or agency has had an adverse or negative impact on my mental health.

Question 51. I feel that the Call to Action on Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion has had a positive impact in my department or agency, since it launched in January 2021.

Question 52. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 53. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 54. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 55. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 56_1. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 56_2. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 57. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 58a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? ...Co-workers

Question 58b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals with authority over me

Question 58c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals working for me

Question 58d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 58e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 58f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 58g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? …Other

Question 59a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Aggressive behaviour

Question 59b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Excessive control

Question 59c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Being excluded or being ignored

Question 59d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Humiliation

Question 59e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. ...Interference with work or withholding resources