2020 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Canada Revenue Agency by Question 116. Are you an Indigenous person?

The results of the 2020 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison, or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Employee engagement
- Employee engagement
Leadership
- Immediate supervisor
- Senior management
Workforce
Workplace
Workplace well-being
Compensation
- Pay or other compensation issues
- Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

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Employee engagement

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	43	35	11	7	4	79	10	990
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	39	10	6	3	81	8	29195
2019	Indigenous	40	36	11	8	5	76	13	1118
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	40	12	6	4	78	10	27862
2018	Indigenous	37	41	11	7	4	78	12	1048
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	43	12	7	4	76	11	26325
2017	Indigenous	32	44	11	9	4	76	13	1063
2017	Non-Indigenous	31	45	12	7	4	76	11	27953
2014	Indigenous	30	45	13	8	5	75	13	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	31	46	12	7	4	77	11	30683

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	34	13	10	6	0	71	16	989
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	37	13	8	4	0	75	12	29117
2019	Indigenous	32	32	14	13	8	0	64	21	1118
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	37	15	10	6	0	69	16	27800
2018	Indigenous	27	37	14	14	7	0	64	22	1051
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	38	15	11	7	0	67	18	26376
2017	Indigenous	25	36	16	14	9	1	61	23	1061
2017	Non-Indigenous	26	38	16	11	8	0	65	19	27917

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	59	26	10	2	2	0	86	4	983
2020	Non-Indigenous	57	31	8	2	1	0	88	4	28942
2019	Indigenous	55	29	10	4	2	1	84	6	1111
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	33	10	3	2	0	85	5	27649
2018	Indigenous	54	30	9	4	1	0	85	6	1053
2018	Non-Indigenous	50	35	10	3	2	0	85	5	26230
2017	Indigenous	54	30	11	3	1	0	85	5	1059
2017	Non-Indigenous	51	35	9	3	1	0	86	4	27893
2014	Indigenous	60	27	8	3	2	0	87	4	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	61	28	7	2	1	0	89	3	30667

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	50	33	9	4	3	83	7	987
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	36	9	4	2	85	6	29182
2019	Indigenous	47	33	11	6	3	80	9	1116
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	38	11	5	2	82	7	27839
2018	Indigenous	44	37	9	6	3	81	9	1056
2018	Non-Indigenous	40	40	11	5	3	80	8	26409
2017	Indigenous	41	39	11	6	3	80	9	1060
2017	Non-Indigenous	39	41	11	5	3	80	9	27833
2014	Indigenous	41	39	10	6	3	80	9	1110
2014	Non-Indigenous	41	40	11	5	3	81	8	30665

Question 50. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	50	31	11	4	4	0	81	8	986
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	31	10	4	2	0	84	6	29053
2019	Indigenous	45	30	13	7	5	0	75	12	1117
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	32	13	6	4	0	78	10	27800
2018	Indigenous	40	31	16	7	5	0	72	12	1056
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	33	14	6	5	0	75	11	26301
2017	Indigenous	38	33	14	9	6	1	71	15	1059
2017	Non-Indigenous	37	34	15	7	5	1	72	13	27909
2014	Indigenous	31	34	16	9	8	1	66	18	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	35	36	14	9	5	1	72	14	30684

Question 51. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	34	10	5	4	0	81	9	986
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	34	10	4	2	0	84	7	28916
2019	Indigenous	41	31	13	9	5	0	72	15	1113
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	34	13	7	4	0	77	10	27653
2018	Indigenous	38	34	15	8	5	0	72	13	1050
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	36	14	7	4	0	74	12	26187
2017	Indigenous	36	35	13	10	5	1	71	15	1061
2017	Non-Indigenous	35	37	14	9	5	0	72	14	27912
2014	Indigenous	31	36	14	11	7	1	68	18	1110
2014	Non-Indigenous	33	38	14	9	5	0	72	14	30679

Question 52. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	41	24	16	10	6	2	0	67	16	990
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	26	16	8	4	3	0	71	12	29147
2019	Indigenous	35	22	19	13	8	3	1	58	22	1117
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	25	18	10	7	3	0	64	17	27865
2018	Indigenous	31	26	21	11	8	3	0	60	19	1059
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	26	19	10	7	3	0	62	18	26362
2017	Indigenous	31	23	21	11	9	5	0	57	21	1060
2017	Non-Indigenous	31	27	18	11	7	5	0	62	19	27911
2014	Indigenous	30	24	17	14	9	5	0	57	24	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	32	28	18	11	7	4	0	62	19	30679

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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	42	24	19	4	4	2	6	71	8	989
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	25	15	4	2	2	6	77	6	29163
2019	Indigenous	40	22	20	7	5	1	6	67	12	1120
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	26	17	4	3	1	6	74	8	27832

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	52	28	11	5	4	0	0	80	9	991
2020	Non-Indigenous	56	29	8	4	2	1	1	86	6	29141
2019	Indigenous	51	28	9	6	5	1	0	80	10	1115
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	30	9	5	3	1	0	83	8	27719
2018	Indigenous	48	30	9	7	5	1	0	78	13	1043
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	32	9	6	3	1	0	81	10	26210
2017	Indigenous	47	32	9	6	4	1	0	80	11	1062
2017	Non-Indigenous	47	34	9	6	4	1	0	81	10	27948
2014	Indigenous	42	34	9	8	5	1	1	77	13	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	46	34	9	6	4	1	0	81	10	30676

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	62	23	5	4	4	0	0	86	8	990
2020	Non-Indigenous	62	24	7	4	2	0	1	87	6	29209
2019	Indigenous	56	26	8	5	5	0	0	82	10	1122
2019	Non-Indigenous	57	27	8	5	3	0	0	85	7	27872
2018	Indigenous	52	26	10	5	6	0	0	79	11	1049
2018	Non-Indigenous	51	29	10	5	4	0	0	80	10	26293
2017	Indigenous	55	25	9	6	4	0	0	80	11	1060
2017	Non-Indigenous	55	27	9	5	4	0	0	82	9	27913
2014	Indigenous	54	26	9	6	4	1	0	80	11	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	54	29	8	5	3	0	0	83	9	30672

Senior management

Question 31. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	45	27	12	5	6	4	1	76	11	990
2020	Non-Indigenous	43	28	12	5	3	8	1	78	8	29202
2019	Indigenous	37	28	14	8	7	6	0	70	16	1123
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	31	14	6	4	7	0	73	11	27870
2018	Indigenous	33	29	14	9	8	7	0	67	19	1059
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	31	16	8	6	6	0	68	14	26435
2017	Indigenous	36	29	13	7	8	7	0	70	17	1063
2017	Non-Indigenous	31	32	15	8	6	8	0	68	16	27964
2014	Indigenous	29	32	13	9	8	8	0	67	19	1109
2014	Non-Indigenous	31	33	15	8	6	8	0	69	15	30671

Question 32. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	41	31	13	7	7	1	73	14	989
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	32	13	7	4	3	75	11	29135
2019	Indigenous	34	30	15	10	8	3	66	19	1121
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	32	16	9	6	3	68	16	27793
2018	Indigenous	29	30	16	13	9	3	61	22	1055
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	32	17	11	8	3	63	19	26352
2017	Indigenous	31	29	16	11	9	4	63	20	1062
2017	Non-Indigenous	27	32	17	12	9	3	61	21	27964
2014	Indigenous	24	33	16	12	11	3	60	24	1110
2014	Non-Indigenous	26	33	18	12	8	3	61	21	30670

Question 33. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	31	33	17	9	7	2	66	17	984
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	33	16	9	4	6	69	14	29133
2019	Indigenous	27	29	18	12	9	6	59	22	1118
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	31	20	12	7	6	59	20	27769
2018	Indigenous	21	31	18	15	11	4	54	27	1050
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	31	20	14	9	5	54	24	26352
2017	Indigenous	23	28	17	15	10	7	55	27	1060
2017	Non-Indigenous	19	30	19	15	10	7	52	27	27942
2014	Indigenous	16	31	16	18	12	6	50	32	1109
2014	Non-Indigenous	18	31	20	15	9	6	52	26	30657

Question 34. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	29	36	12	13	7	2	67	21	993
2020	Non-Indigenous	31	37	14	10	4	3	70	15	29177
2019	Indigenous	26	31	16	13	10	3	60	24	1119
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	34	17	13	7	3	61	21	27816
2018	Indigenous	20	32	16	16	12	3	54	29	1057
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	33	18	15	9	3	56	25	26391
2017	Indigenous	21	33	16	13	11	5	57	26	1060
2017	Non-Indigenous	20	34	17	15	10	4	57	26	27927
2014	Indigenous	18	32	16	16	13	4	52	30	1109
2014	Non-Indigenous	20	35	17	15	10	3	57	26	30648

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Workforce

Performance management

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	35	33	15	11	6	0	68	17	987
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	37	14	9	4	0	73	13	29182
2019	Indigenous	29	34	15	12	9	1	63	22	1119
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	38	16	11	6	0	66	18	27852
2018	Indigenous	24	32	19	13	11	0	57	24	1061
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	36	18	12	9	0	61	21	26380
2017	Indigenous	22	36	17	15	9	1	58	25	1063
2017	Non-Indigenous	23	37	17	13	9	0	61	22	27936
2014	Indigenous	19	35	15	17	13	1	55	30	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	21	37	18	14	10	0	58	24	30674

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	42	38	9	8	3	79	11	983
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	41	9	6	2	83	8	29013
2019	Indigenous	37	41	10	9	4	78	13	1117
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	43	10	7	3	80	10	27712
2018	Indigenous	33	41	12	9	4	75	13	1061
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	43	12	8	3	76	12	26419
2017	Indigenous	33	42	11	10	3	76	13	1062
2017	Non-Indigenous	33	45	11	8	3	77	12	27928

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	49	28	11	6	4	0	1	78	11	991
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	30	10	5	3	1	1	82	8	29141
2019	Indigenous	44	28	13	8	6	0	0	73	14	1119
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	32	12	6	4	1	1	78	10	27840
2018	Indigenous	41	33	12	7	6	1	0	75	14	1047
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	35	11	7	4	1	0	77	11	26307
2017	Indigenous	38	33	13	9	5	1	0	72	15	1064
2017	Non-Indigenous	40	37	11	7	4	1	0	78	11	27966
2014	Indigenous	39	34	10	10	6	1	0	74	16	1110
2014	Non-Indigenous	40	37	11	7	4	1	0	77	12	30688

Job fit and development

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	40	10	10	6	1	74	16	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	42	10	9	3	1	77	12	29097
2019	Indigenous	30	39	11	14	6	0	69	20	1112
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	43	11	13	5	0	72	17	27765
2018	Indigenous	23	47	8	14	7	0	70	22	1064
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	47	9	14	5	0	72	19	26461
2017	Indigenous	25	40	12	16	8	0	64	24	1064
2017	Non-Indigenous	25	43	11	14	7	0	68	21	27961
2014	Indigenous	24	42	11	16	8	0	65	24	1110
2014	Non-Indigenous	25	43	11	14	6	0	69	20	30669

Question 26. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	52	24	12	5	4	2	1	78	9	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	23	12	4	3	2	2	81	7	29101

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	32	15	9	8	2	0	67	18	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	33	35	15	9	5	2	0	69	15	29119
2019	Indigenous	31	30	14	12	11	2	0	63	23	1119
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	33	17	11	8	2	0	63	20	27822
2018	Indigenous	25	31	15	16	10	2	0	58	27	1056
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	34	18	13	9	2	0	59	23	26328
2017	Indigenous	28	32	15	13	9	2	1	62	23	1062
2017	Non-Indigenous	25	35	16	13	9	2	0	61	23	27915
2014	Indigenous	26	33	15	15	10	2	0	60	25	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	25	35	16	13	9	2	0	62	22	30676

Question 42. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	27	16	12	11	2	2	60	24	991
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	31	14	12	9	2	2	63	22	29196
2019	Indigenous	31	26	13	13	15	2	1	58	28	1121
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	30	15	13	12	2	1	59	26	27867
2018	Indigenous	24	28	13	16	17	1	1	53	34	1053
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	30	16	14	13	1	1	56	28	26325
2017	Indigenous	26	29	13	14	15	2	1	57	30	1063
2017	Non-Indigenous	23	30	14	15	14	2	1	55	30	27926
2014	Indigenous	22	28	14	15	19	2	1	51	35	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	23	30	14	15	15	2	1	55	31	30675

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	52	21	13	5	5	1	3	76	10	992
2020	Non-Indigenous	56	21	11	4	3	1	4	81	7	29227
2019	Indigenous	50	23	14	5	4	1	3	76	9	1117
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	23	11	4	3	1	4	81	8	27840

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	51	24	13	5	4	2	2	78	9	990
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	24	13	5	2	1	4	79	8	29175
2019	Indigenous	46	25	15	6	4	2	3	74	10	1115
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	24	15	6	3	2	3	75	10	27787

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	75	9	5	2	3	4	2	90	5	990
2020	Non-Indigenous	75	9	4	2	2	4	4	91	4	29090
2019	Indigenous	71	9	6	3	3	4	4	87	7	1112
2019	Non-Indigenous	72	10	5	2	3	4	4	89	6	27741

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	74	11	5	2	2	2	4	90	4	990
2020	Non-Indigenous	73	10	4	1	1	2	7	92	3	29119
2019	Indigenous	74	8	4	3	2	2	7	91	5	1116
2019	Non-Indigenous	76	7	3	1	1	2	9	93	3	27735

Empowerment

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	35	34	13	11	7	0	1	70	17	981
2020	Non-Indigenous	34	37	14	9	4	1	1	72	14	29031
2019	Indigenous	30	33	15	13	9	0	0	63	21	1116
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	37	15	11	6	0	0	67	18	27715
2018	Indigenous	26	35	16	12	10	0	0	61	23	1051
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	37	16	12	8	0	0	64	20	26326
2017	Indigenous	27	38	15	11	8	0	1	66	19	1061
2017	Non-Indigenous	26	39	14	12	8	0	0	66	20	27866
2014	Indigenous	19	40	13	16	12	1	0	59	28	1109
2014	Non-Indigenous	21	40	14	14	10	0	0	62	24	30688

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	39	30	16	9	6	0	69	15	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	34	16	8	4	1	71	12	29136
2019	Indigenous	33	30	17	10	8	1	64	18	1118
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	33	18	9	6	0	67	16	27820
2018	Indigenous	31	33	17	10	8	0	65	18	1046
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	34	18	11	7	0	64	18	26260
2017	Indigenous	31	33	15	13	8	1	64	21	1062
2017	Non-Indigenous	29	35	17	11	7	0	64	19	27867
2014	Indigenous	25	35	16	13	10	0	60	24	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	26	36	16	12	9	0	62	21	30679

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	40	39	10	8	3	79	11	978
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	41	10	5	2	82	8	28880
2019	Indigenous	38	39	11	8	5	77	12	1099
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	41	12	8	3	77	11	27445
2018	Indigenous	33	36	14	11	6	69	17	1053
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	39	15	9	5	71	14	26309
2017	Indigenous	33	36	13	11	5	70	17	1060
2017	Non-Indigenous	31	40	13	9	5	72	14	27865
2014	Indigenous	28	39	14	10	8	68	18	1109
2014	Non-Indigenous	30	41	14	9	5	71	15	30682

Question 44. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	29	37	18	9	4	3	0	68	14	991
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	40	18	8	3	5	1	69	12	29135
2019	Indigenous	24	36	18	12	6	3	1	63	18	1121
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	39	20	10	5	5	1	64	15	27822
2018	Indigenous	22	33	22	11	8	3	0	57	20	1053
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	34	23	11	7	4	0	58	18	26374
2017	Indigenous	21	35	18	12	8	5	1	60	21	1062
2017	Non-Indigenous	20	34	22	11	7	5	1	58	19	27936

Work-life balance and workload

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	50	30	10	6	4	0	0	80	10	989
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	31	8	5	2	0	0	84	7	29121
2019	Indigenous	50	30	8	7	4	0	1	81	12	1115
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	32	9	6	3	0	0	82	9	27791
2018	Indigenous	44	35	10	6	4	0	0	80	10	1059
2018	Non-Indigenous	47	34	10	6	3	0	0	81	9	26389
2017	Indigenous	45	31	9	9	5	0	0	77	14	1062
2017	Non-Indigenous	44	35	9	7	4	0	0	80	11	27929
2014	Indigenous	40	32	12	10	5	1	0	73	16	1110
2014	Non-Indigenous	42	35	11	7	4	0	1	78	11	30675

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	45	32	15	5	3	1	1	77	8	985
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	32	13	4	2	0	1	81	6	28959
2019	Indigenous	44	30	18	5	3	0	1	74	8	1109
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	32	14	5	2	0	1	79	7	27668
2018	Indigenous	39	33	16	6	4	0	1	74	9	1057
2018	Non-Indigenous	44	32	15	6	3	0	1	77	8	26490
2017	Indigenous	42	31	14	7	3	1	2	76	10	1063
2017	Non-Indigenous	45	34	13	4	2	0	2	80	6	27967
2014	Indigenous	39	33	17	6	3	1	1	74	9	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	42	33	15	5	3	0	1	77	8	30687

Question 28. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you requested flexible work hours, either formally or informally?

Flexible work hours mean that an employee is able to vary the start and end times of their workday.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	54	991
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	60	29226

Question 29. During the COVID-19 pandemic, my immediate supervisor supported the use of flexible work hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	55	13	11	3	3	4	11	80	7	990
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	17	10	2	2	6	12	83	5	29189

Mobility and retention

Question 53. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	22	44	33	992
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	46	34	29254
2019	Indigenous	28	36	36	1121
2019	Non-Indigenous	23	41	36	27923
2018	Indigenous	25	40	35	1060
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	43	34	26527
2017	Indigenous	26	39	36	1066
2017	Non-Indigenous	22	45	33	27952
2014	Indigenous	24	39	37	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	22	45	33	30684

Question 54. Please indicate your reason for leaving.
Survey year	Demographic	To retire (%)	To pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	To pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	To pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	End of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Other (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	44	17	3	7	8	218
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	49	15	3	3	4	5925
2019	Indigenous	14	37	21	3	18	7	312
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	43	18	5	9	4	6371
2018	Indigenous	20	42	23	5	6	5	260
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	45	19	5	4	5	5857
2017	Indigenous	15	41	17	6	15	6	272
2017	Non-Indigenous	25	40	16	5	7	6	6105
2014	Indigenous	20	44	15	12	9999	9	268
2014	Non-Indigenous	26	46	14	7	9999	7	6629

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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	55	33	6	3	2	0	88	6	987
2020	Non-Indigenous	54	35	7	3	1	0	89	4	29013
2019	Indigenous	48	36	9	4	2	0	85	7	1118
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	37	8	4	2	0	86	6	27718
2018	Indigenous	48	37	8	4	2	0	86	6	1056
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	39	8	4	2	0	87	5	26430
2017	Indigenous	46	39	8	4	2	0	85	6	1059
2017	Non-Indigenous	43	40	9	4	2	0	84	7	27918
2014	Indigenous	38	43	10	6	3	1	82	8	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	42	41	10	4	2	1	83	7	30670

Question 36. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	39	41	11	6	2	1	80	9	989
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	42	11	4	1	1	83	6	29168
2019	Indigenous	33	40	16	7	3	1	74	10	1121
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	43	15	6	2	1	76	9	27869
2018	Indigenous	30	43	15	8	4	1	74	12	1050
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	43	16	8	3	1	73	11	26336
2017	Indigenous	34	40	14	7	4	1	74	11	1063
2017	Non-Indigenous	30	42	15	8	4	1	72	13	27921
2014	Indigenous	31	42	13	7	5	1	74	12	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	33	41	15	6	3	1	75	10	30688

Organizational performance

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	23	34	20	11	1	1	31	35	990
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	22	35	22	10	1	2	33	31	29173
2019	Indigenous	10	21	35	21	11	1	1	32	32	1119
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	22	36	20	10	1	2	31	32	27827
2018	Indigenous	11	25	36	19	7	1	1	27	37	1057
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	24	36	19	8	1	2	28	35	26360
2017	Indigenous	12	22	34	17	11	1	3	29	36	1057
2017	Non-Indigenous	10	23	36	17	9	1	4	28	35	27841
2014	Indigenous	12	28	34	15	9	1	2	24	41	1107
2014	Non-Indigenous	10	26	36	16	7	1	3	25	38	30626

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	6	12	25	33	22	2	1	56	19	987
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	11	25	32	23	2	2	57	17	29078
2019	Indigenous	8	15	26	27	21	2	1	49	24	1112
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	16	27	26	18	2	2	46	25	27740
2018	Indigenous	10	18	31	23	16	2	1	40	29	1049
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	18	29	25	15	2	2	41	29	26278
2017	Indigenous	11	16	30	20	17	3	4	40	29	1055
2017	Non-Indigenous	10	18	29	21	15	3	4	39	30	27752
2014	Indigenous	13	18	31	22	12	2	2	35	33	1109
2014	Non-Indigenous	10	19	30	22	13	2	3	37	32	30588

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	14	32	27	16	2	1	45	22	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	16	31	25	15	2	3	42	25	29106
2019	Indigenous	9	20	29	22	17	1	2	41	29	1115
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	20	31	21	13	2	3	36	32	27768
2018	Indigenous	11	20	28	23	13	2	3	38	32	1051
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	21	31	21	11	2	3	33	34	26258
2017	Indigenous	12	17	29	21	14	3	4	38	31	1058
2017	Non-Indigenous	12	20	30	19	12	2	5	33	34	27790
2014	Indigenous	14	21	29	20	12	2	3	34	36	1106
2014	Non-Indigenous	13	21	31	19	11	2	4	32	36	30599

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	4	10	25	36	21	1	2	59	15	987
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	9	27	33	22	1	3	58	14	29028
2019	Indigenous	6	10	27	32	23	0	2	56	17	1107
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	11	29	30	20	1	3	52	18	27684
2018	Indigenous	7	13	29	30	18	1	2	50	20	1051
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	14	30	29	16	1	3	47	21	26235
2017	Indigenous	7	13	28	25	22	2	4	50	21	1052
2017	Non-Indigenous	7	13	30	27	17	2	5	47	22	27675
2014	Indigenous	8	14	32	26	17	1	3	45	22	1107
2014	Non-Indigenous	7	14	32	27	15	1	4	44	22	30531

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	16	30	26	18	1	2	46	24	986
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	14	27	29	21	2	3	51	21	29082
2019	Indigenous	10	16	25	24	22	2	1	47	27	1115
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	16	28	25	18	2	3	45	26	27772
2018	Indigenous	14	22	25	22	15	1	1	38	37	1054
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	20	29	22	14	1	3	37	33	26301
2017	Indigenous	14	18	26	20	16	2	5	38	34	1058
2017	Non-Indigenous	12	19	28	20	15	2	5	37	33	27770
2014	Indigenous	17	21	27	17	14	1	2	32	40	1108
2014	Non-Indigenous	13	20	29	19	13	1	4	34	36	30584

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	6	11	22	29	26	5	2	59	18	982
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	10	22	30	24	5	4	59	17	28979
2019	Indigenous	10	14	26	24	21	3	2	47	25	1112
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	16	26	24	18	3	3	45	27	27704
2018	Indigenous	12	17	27	22	17	2	2	41	30	1047
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	17	26	25	16	3	3	43	29	26246
2017	Indigenous	10	16	25	21	16	5	7	42	29	1057
2017	Non-Indigenous	9	16	26	23	16	4	6	43	28	27785
2014	Indigenous	11	17	27	23	16	2	4	42	29	1109
2014	Non-Indigenous	9	16	26	25	16	3	6	44	27	30572

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	19	32	25	14	2	1	40	27	985
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	16	34	23	15	2	2	40	25	29044
2019	Indigenous	11	19	30	22	15	2	1	38	31	1115
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	20	33	20	12	2	2	34	32	27753
2018	Indigenous	12	21	32	19	12	2	1	32	34	1052
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	22	33	18	10	2	2	29	36	26353
2017	Indigenous	11	21	33	16	12	4	4	31	34	1055
2017	Non-Indigenous	12	21	33	16	10	3	4	29	36	27799
2014	Indigenous	15	20	33	18	10	2	3	29	37	1110
2014	Non-Indigenous	13	21	33	17	10	3	4	28	37	30599

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	17	40	22	12	0	1	35	24	991
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	16	37	26	14	1	1	41	22	29167
2019	Indigenous	9	19	33	24	14	0	1	38	29	1119
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	17	33	24	14	1	2	39	26	27812

Question 37. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	26	41	15	12	5	1	68	17	986
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	41	16	10	3	2	71	13	29038
2019	Indigenous	22	35	18	16	8	2	57	24	1115
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	37	19	15	6	2	58	22	27723

Diversity and inclusion

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	52	25	9	8	6	1	77	14	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	28	8	5	3	1	84	8	29110
2019	Indigenous	48	25	9	9	6	1	75	16	1120
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	28	8	7	4	1	80	11	27758
2018	Indigenous	42	29	10	9	8	1	72	17	1053
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	32	9	8	5	1	77	14	26324
2017	Indigenous	44	28	9	10	7	2	73	18	1064
2017	Non-Indigenous	47	31	9	7	5	1	79	12	27954
2014	Indigenous	46	27	8	11	7	1	74	18	1110
2014	Non-Indigenous	50	29	8	8	5	1	79	13	30674

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	55	29	6	7	3	0	84	10	985
2020	Non-Indigenous	60	29	5	4	1	0	90	5	29026
2019	Indigenous	50	32	7	7	4	0	82	11	1117
2019	Non-Indigenous	54	32	6	5	2	0	86	8	27783
2018	Indigenous	46	35	6	9	4	0	81	13	1053
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	37	7	6	2	0	85	8	26329
2017	Indigenous	42	37	8	8	5	1	79	12	1063
2017	Non-Indigenous	44	39	7	6	3	0	84	9	27903
2014	Indigenous	39	41	8	8	3	0	80	12	1110
2014	Non-Indigenous	45	40	7	5	2	0	85	8	30668

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	45	31	13	5	3	3	1	79	8	977
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	34	11	3	2	2	1	83	5	28929
2019	Indigenous	40	34	15	4	4	2	1	76	8	1121
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	36	13	4	2	2	1	81	6	27833
2018	Indigenous	34	37	16	5	4	3	0	74	9	1055
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	40	14	4	3	2	1	78	7	26368

Question 45. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	34	9	7	3	1	81	10	986
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	37	10	5	2	2	82	7	29019
2019	Indigenous	43	33	12	7	4	1	77	11	1112
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	37	12	5	3	1	80	8	27701
2018	Indigenous	47	33	10	5	3	1	82	8	1057
2018	Non-Indigenous	47	36	10	4	2	1	84	6	26294
2017	Indigenous	44	35	10	6	3	2	81	9	1060
2017	Non-Indigenous	43	38	10	4	2	2	83	7	27939
2014	Indigenous	44	34	9	7	5	2	79	12	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	47	35	10	4	2	2	84	7	30680

Question 46. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.

A diverse workplace includes everyone, regardless of race, national or ethnic origin, colour, disability, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital or family status, religion, age, language, culture, background, interests, views or other dimensions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	51	31	10	3	3	2	0	84	6	987
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	33	10	3	2	3	0	86	4	29100
2019	Indigenous	52	29	9	5	3	1	1	83	8	1115
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	32	10	3	2	2	0	85	4	27730
2018	Indigenous	50	32	11	4	3	1	0	83	7	1055
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	34	10	3	2	2	0	85	5	26309
2017	Indigenous	46	30	12	4	3	3	0	80	8	1061
2017	Non-Indigenous	43	36	13	3	2	3	0	82	6	27904
2014	Indigenous	48	30	10	5	4	2	0	80	9	1110
2014	Non-Indigenous	50	32	10	3	2	3	0	85	5	30669

Question 49. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	56	30	6	4	4	86	8	991
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	31	6	3	2	89	4	29103
2019	Indigenous	50	31	9	5	4	82	9	1115
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	32	8	4	2	86	6	27826
2018	Indigenous	50	31	9	6	3	82	9	1055
2018	Non-Indigenous	49	35	9	4	3	84	7	26258
2017	Indigenous	47	34	9	6	4	81	10	1061
2017	Non-Indigenous	46	37	9	5	3	83	8	27941
2014	Indigenous	45	32	10	7	4	78	12	1109
2014	Non-Indigenous	49	35	8	5	3	84	8	30672

Anti-racism

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel free to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal.

Racism refers to any individual action or institutional practice which treats people differently because of their colour or ethnicity.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	49	21	13	5	5	4	2	75	11	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	23	12	4	3	6	4	79	8	29163

Question 47. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.
Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism.

Anti-racism is an active and consistent process of change to eliminate individual, institutional and systemic racism.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	48	32	12	3	2	3	0	82	6	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	48	31	12	3	2	4	1	83	5	29146

Question 48. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about issues related to racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsman, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any individual action or institutional practice which treats people differently because of their colour or ethnicity.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	50	27	9	5	5	3	1	80	11	985
2020	Non-Indigenous	47	29	10	5	3	4	2	81	8	29076

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 69. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	6	0	13	31	44	6	0	7	80	16
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	10	24	16	32	14	0	16	56	522

Ethical workplace

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	31	30	19	8	6	4	2	65	14	986
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	32	17	6	3	6	4	71	10	29140
2019	Indigenous	33	27	17	9	7	4	2	65	17	1121
2019	Non-Indigenous	33	31	16	7	5	5	3	69	13	27800
2018	Indigenous	22	33	21	9	7	6	2	59	18	1055
2018	Non-Indigenous	24	35	20	9	6	5	2	63	15	26364
2017	Indigenous	28	28	15	11	8	6	3	62	21	1063
2017	Non-Indigenous	29	33	16	8	6	5	4	68	15	27948
2014	Indigenous	31	31	15	9	8	4	2	66	17	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	34	33	14	8	5	4	3	72	13	30682

Question 38. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	42	33	11	6	4	2	1	78	11	992
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	35	12	6	3	3	1	78	10	29124
2019	Indigenous	40	33	12	8	4	2	1	75	13	1120
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	37	13	7	3	2	1	76	11	27807
2018	Indigenous	37	36	11	9	5	2	1	75	14	1050
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	39	13	7	3	2	1	76	10	26338
2017	Indigenous	44	33	10	5	3	3	1	80	9	1063
2017	Non-Indigenous	39	37	11	6	3	3	1	79	10	27887
2014	Indigenous	44	35	8	7	3	2	1	82	10	1109
2014	Non-Indigenous	44	37	9	5	2	2	1	83	8	30678

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	33	11	5	4	1	80	9	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	36	12	4	2	1	83	5	29079
2019	Indigenous	41	32	14	8	4	1	74	12	1113
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	37	15	5	3	1	76	8	27766
2018	Indigenous	37	36	13	8	4	1	74	13	1052
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	38	15	6	3	1	76	9	26255

Question 40. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	25	16	12	10	6	1	59	24	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	28	17	11	7	8	2	62	19	29135
2019	Indigenous	25	24	15	13	15	6	2	53	30	1120
2019	Non-Indigenous	25	26	18	12	10	7	2	56	24	27833
2018	Indigenous	22	26	16	15	16	4	0	51	32	1053
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	28	19	13	11	6	1	54	26	26341
2017	Indigenous	23	25	15	15	15	7	2	52	32	1063
2017	Non-Indigenous	21	27	17	14	11	8	2	53	28	27888
2014	Indigenous	19	25	16	15	18	6	1	47	36	1110
2014	Non-Indigenous	20	27	17	14	12	8	1	52	29	30668

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	39	46	4	9	2	0	0	85	11	991
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	45	3	8	2	0	0	87	10	29212

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	44	37	8	8	2	81	10	990
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	38	8	8	2	82	10	29184
2019	Indigenous	46	33	6	10	4	80	14	1118
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	36	6	8	4	82	12	27822
2017	Indigenous	44	32	6	11	6	76	18	1063
2017	Non-Indigenous	41	36	7	10	6	77	16	27942
2014	Indigenous	43	34	6	10	6	77	16	1110
2014	Non-Indigenous	44	35	6	9	5	79	14	30675

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	49	34	7	7	3	83	9	976
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	35	7	6	2	85	7	29002
2019	Indigenous	50	36	6	6	2	86	9	1113
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	35	7	5	2	85	7	27700
2017	Indigenous	49	34	7	8	2	84	9	1061
2017	Non-Indigenous	47	38	7	6	2	85	8	27885
2014	Indigenous	47	35	8	7	3	82	10	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	47	38	7	5	2	85	8	30658

Use of official languages

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	80	13	3	2	1	1	0	94	3	987
2020	Non-Indigenous	81	14	2	1	1	0	1	96	2	29141
2017	Indigenous	76	16	3	2	1	1	1	93	3	1064
2017	Non-Indigenous	73	20	3	2	1	1	1	94	3	27909
2014	Indigenous	74	17	3	2	1	1	2	93	4	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	75	18	3	2	1	0	1	95	3	30687

Question 35. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	31	18	10	6	5	25	4	69	17	993
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	17	10	5	4	20	6	74	13	29199
2019	Indigenous	31	15	10	7	8	24	5	64	22	1122
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	16	10	6	6	20	5	71	16	27881

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable act(s), comment(s) or display(s) that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 55. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	87	990
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	29220
2019	Indigenous	18	82	1120
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	27863
2018	Indigenous	19	81	1063
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	26480

Question 56a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	50	50	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	55	2277
2019	Indigenous	51	49	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	49	51	2977
2018	Indigenous	52	48	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	50	50	3161

Question 56b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	59	41	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	62	38	2277
2019	Indigenous	58	42	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	59	41	2977
2018	Indigenous	60	40	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	61	39	3161

Question 56c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	6	94	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	2277
2019	Indigenous	7	93	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	2977
2018	Indigenous	4	96	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	3161

Question 56d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2018	Indigenous	0	100	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	0	100	3161

Question 56e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	6	94	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	2977
2018	Indigenous	7	93	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	3161

Question 56f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	2277
2019	Indigenous	10	90	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	2977
2018	Indigenous	8	92	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	3161

Question 56g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	96	2277
2019	Indigenous	4	96	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	2977
2018	Indigenous	5	95	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	3161

Question 57a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	64	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	64	2276
2019	Indigenous	33	67	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	36	64	2960
2018	Indigenous	34	66	201
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	64	3154

Question 57b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	64	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	63	2276
2019	Indigenous	37	63	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	37	63	2960
2018	Indigenous	40	60	201
2018	Non-Indigenous	38	62	3154

Question 57c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	50	50	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	60	2276
2019	Indigenous	45	55	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	40	60	2960
2018	Indigenous	38	62	201
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	59	3154

Question 57d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	40	60	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	58	2276
2019	Indigenous	41	59	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	58	2960
2018	Indigenous	50	50	201
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	59	3154

Question 57e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	72	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	73	2276
2019	Indigenous	25	75	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	74	2960
2018	Indigenous	31	69	201
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	73	3154

Question 57f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	49	51	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	48	2276
2019	Indigenous	54	46	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	52	48	2960
2018	Indigenous	59	41	201
2018	Non-Indigenous	54	46	3154

Question 57g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	68	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	65	2276
2019	Indigenous	34	66	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	68	2960
2018	Indigenous	43	57	201
2018	Non-Indigenous	33	67	3154

Question 57i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	4	96	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	2276
2019	Indigenous	8	92	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	2960
2018	Indigenous	10	90	201
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	3154

Question 57j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	2276
2019	Indigenous	7	93	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	2960
2018	Indigenous	10	90	201
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	90	3154

Question 57k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	52	48	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	50	2276
2019	Indigenous	47	53	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	47	53	2960
2018	Indigenous	44	56	201
2018	Non-Indigenous	48	52	3154

Question 57l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	23	77	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	79	2276
2019	Indigenous	17	83	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	79	2960
2018	Indigenous	21	79	201
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	78	3154

Question 57m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	22	78	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	2276
2019	Indigenous	14	86	211
2019	Non-Indigenous	15	85	2960
2018	Indigenous	18	82	201
2018	Non-Indigenous	14	86	3154

Question 58a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	51	49	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	54	2277
2019	Indigenous	45	55	210
2019	Non-Indigenous	45	55	2951
2018	Indigenous	45	55	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	47	53	3155

Question 58b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	18	82	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	75	2277
2019	Indigenous	21	79	210
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	76	2951
2018	Indigenous	25	75	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	75	3155

Question 58c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	6	94	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	4	96	2277
2019	Indigenous	4	96	210
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	2951
2018	Indigenous	5	95	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	3155

Question 58d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	29	71	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	78	2277
2019	Indigenous	28	72	210
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	78	2951
2018	Indigenous	28	72	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	77	3155

Question 58e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	2277
2019	Indigenous	8	92	210
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	2951
2018	Indigenous	9	91	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	3155

Question 58f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	10	90	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	2277
2019	Indigenous	6	94	210
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	2951
2018	Indigenous	9	91	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	3155

Question 58g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	89	2277
2019	Indigenous	15	85	210
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	86	2951
2018	Indigenous	14	86	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	3155

Question 58h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? Other.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	93	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	2277
2019	Indigenous	11	89	210
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	2951
2018	Indigenous	11	89	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	3155

Question 58i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	29	71	133
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	71	2277
2019	Indigenous	28	72	210
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	70	2951
2018	Indigenous	30	70	200
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	72	3155

Question 59a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	120
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	2131
2019	Indigenous	16	84	197
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	2766
2018	Indigenous	12	88	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	2947

Question 59b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	16	84	120
2020	Non-Indigenous	19	81	2131
2019	Indigenous	15	85	197
2019	Non-Indigenous	21	79	2766
2018	Indigenous	19	81	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	81	2947

Question 59c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	6	94	120
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	2131
2019	Indigenous	8	92	197
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	2766
2018	Indigenous	15	85	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	90	2947

Question 59d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	4	96	120
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	2131
2019	Indigenous	7	93	197
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	2766
2018	Indigenous	3	97	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	2947

Question 59e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	120
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	2131
2019	Indigenous	8	92	197
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	2766
2018	Indigenous	10	90	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	2947

Question 59f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	6	94	120
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	2131
2019	Indigenous	8	92	197
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	2766
2018	Indigenous	7	93	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	2947

Question 59g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	120
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	2131
2019	Indigenous	7	93	197
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	2766
2018	Indigenous	10	90	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	90	2947

Question 59h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	91	120
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	2131
2019	Indigenous	8	92	197
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	2766
2018	Indigenous	7	93	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	90	2947

Question 59i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	16	84	120
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	86	2131
2019	Indigenous	10	90	197
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	2766
2018	Indigenous	15	85	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	2947

Question 59j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	27	73	120
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	72	2131
2019	Indigenous	26	74	197
2019	Non-Indigenous	27	73	2766
2018	Indigenous	30	70	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	74	2947

Question 59k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	120
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	2131
2019	Indigenous	12	88	197
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	2766
2018	Indigenous	8	92	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	2947

Question 59l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	54	120
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	55	2131
2019	Indigenous	53	47	197
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	54	2766
2018	Indigenous	51	49	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	55	2947

Question 59m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	3	97	197
2019	Non-Indigenous	1	99	2766
2018	Indigenous	3	97	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	2	98	2947

Question 59n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	57	43	120
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	48	2131
2019	Indigenous	54	46	197
2019	Non-Indigenous	53	47	2766
2018	Indigenous	56	44	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	55	45	2947

Question 59o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint but I have not done so yet.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2018	Indigenous	3	97	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	2947

Question 59p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	83	120
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	86	2131
2019	Indigenous	10	90	197
2019	Non-Indigenous	13	87	2766
2018	Indigenous	11	89	180
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	2947

Question 60. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	29	20	17	6	6	18	4	63	15	993
2020	Non-Indigenous	27	18	15	4	3	25	7	67	11	29162
2019	Indigenous	25	18	16	9	8	19	6	57	22	1120
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	18	18	6	5	23	7	59	16	27877
2018	Indigenous	21	21	21	8	7	18	3	53	20	1056
2018	Non-Indigenous	21	20	21	6	5	22	5	56	15	26392
2017	Indigenous	21	20	19	8	9	18	6	54	22	1063
2017	Non-Indigenous	21	20	19	5	5	23	7	58	15	27956
2014	Indigenous	22	22	18	10	10	14	4	53	24	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	22	21	19	5	5	22	6	59	15	30679

Question 61. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	29	11	5	4	4	0	79	10	993
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	30	12	3	2	6	1	81	6	29159
2019	Indigenous	45	25	13	7	5	4	1	74	12	1121
2019	Non-Indigenous	42	29	13	5	3	6	1	77	9	27875
2018	Indigenous	38	28	16	6	5	5	0	70	12	1061
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	32	16	5	4	6	1	73	10	26390
2017	Indigenous	35	29	15	7	7	5	1	69	15	1062
2017	Non-Indigenous	35	33	15	5	4	7	1	74	10	27927
2014	Indigenous	34	31	15	8	6	4	1	68	15	1110
2014	Non-Indigenous	37	33	15	5	4	7	1	75	9	30655

Discrimination

Discrimination means treating someone differently or unfairly because of a personal characteristic or distinction, which, whether intentional or not, has an effect that imposes disadvantages not imposed on others or that withholds or limits access that is given to others. There are 13 prohibited grounds of discrimination under the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 62. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	91	993
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	29178
2019	Indigenous	11	89	1120
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	27858
2018	Indigenous	10	90	1057
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	26456

Question 63a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	35	65	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	70	1632
2019	Indigenous	39	61	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	31	69	1849
2018	Indigenous	41	59	106
2018	Non-Indigenous	31	69	1886

Question 63b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	80	20	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	76	24	1632
2019	Indigenous	75	25	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	77	23	1849
2018	Indigenous	76	24	106
2018	Non-Indigenous	77	23	1886

Question 63d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2018	Indigenous	0	100	106
2018	Non-Indigenous	0	100	1886

Question 63e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	4	96	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1849
2018	Indigenous	6	94	106
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1886

Question 63f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2018	Indigenous	7	93	106
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1886

Question 63g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	93	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1632
2019	Indigenous	5	95	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1849
2018	Indigenous	11	89	106
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1886

Question 64a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	83	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	32	68	1631
2019	Indigenous	34	66	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	70	1815
2018	Indigenous	32	68	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	29	71	1882

Question 64b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	86	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	21	79	1631
2019	Indigenous	21	79	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	78	1815
2018	Indigenous	21	79	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	78	1882

Question 64c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	23	77	1631
2019	Indigenous	9	91	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	80	1815
2018	Indigenous	9	91	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	20	80	1882

Question 64d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	4	96	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1815
2018	Indigenous	8	92	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1882

Question 64e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	23	77	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	24	76	1631
2019	Indigenous	24	76	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	70	1815
2018	Indigenous	33	67	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	73	1882

Question 64f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	20	80	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	78	1631
2019	Indigenous	19	81	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	74	1815
2018	Indigenous	20	80	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	75	1882

Question 64g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	10	90	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	97	1631
2019	Indigenous	8	92	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	1815
2018	Indigenous	7	93	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	1882

Question 64h. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Gender identity or expression (including gender diverse identities or expressions such as transgender, two-spirit, or non-binary)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	4	96	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	2	98	1815

Question 64i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	5	95	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1631
2019	Indigenous	6	94	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1815
2018	Indigenous	6	94	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1882

Question 64j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	17	83	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	15	85	1631
2019	Indigenous	10	90	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1815
2018	Indigenous	12	88	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1882

Question 64l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	29	71	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	17	83	1631
2019	Indigenous	26	74	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	17	83	1815
2018	Indigenous	31	69	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	17	83	1882

Question 64m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	0	100	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	0	100	1631

Question 64n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	22	78	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	16	84	1631
2019	Indigenous	11	89	126
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	84	1815
2018	Indigenous	10	90	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	18	82	1882

Question 65a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	64	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	72	1632
2019	Indigenous	25	75	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	74	1800
2018	Indigenous	22	78	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	73	1886

Question 65b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1632
2019	Indigenous	15	85	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1800
2018	Indigenous	19	81	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1886

Question 65d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	33	67	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	20	80	1632
2019	Indigenous	19	81	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	20	80	1800
2018	Indigenous	18	82	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	81	1886

Question 65e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	5	95	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1632
2019	Indigenous	6	94	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1800
2018	Indigenous	6	94	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	4	96	1886

Question 65f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	5	95	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1632
2019	Indigenous	5	95	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1800
2018	Indigenous	7	93	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1886

Question 65g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	4	96	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1800
2018	Indigenous	5	95	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1886

Question 65h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	93	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1632
2019	Indigenous	4	96	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1800
2018	Indigenous	7	93	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1886

Question 65i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	54	88
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	51	1632
2019	Indigenous	55	45	125
2019	Non-Indigenous	51	49	1800
2018	Indigenous	56	44	107
2018	Non-Indigenous	50	50	1886

Question 66a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	5	95	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	6	94	1521
2019	Indigenous	9	91	117
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1601
2018	Indigenous	6	94	98
2018	Non-Indigenous	5	95	1765

Question 66b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	10	90	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1521
2019	Indigenous	18	82	117
2019	Non-Indigenous	14	86	1601
2018	Indigenous	17	83	98
2018	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1765

Question 66c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	4	96	117
2019	Non-Indigenous	4	96	1601
2018	Indigenous	9	91	98
2018	Non-Indigenous	3	97	1765

Question 66e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	7	93	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	3	97	1521

Question 66f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Indigenous	4	96	117
2019	Non-Indigenous	3	97	1601

Question 66g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	9	91	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1521
2019	Indigenous	6	94	117
2019	Non-Indigenous	7	93	1601

Question 66h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	8	92	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1521
2019	Indigenous	10	90	117
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1601
2018	Indigenous	8	92	98
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1765

Question 66i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	13	87	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1521
2019	Indigenous	8	92	117
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	91	1601
2018	Indigenous	7	93	98
2018	Non-Indigenous	10	90	1765

Question 66j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	31	69	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	74	1521
2019	Indigenous	25	75	117
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	76	1601
2018	Indigenous	28	72	98
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	78	1765

Question 66k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	11	89	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1521
2019	Indigenous	8	92	117
2019	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1601
2018	Indigenous	10	90	98
2018	Non-Indigenous	8	92	1765

Question 66l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	46	54	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	56	1521
2019	Indigenous	47	53	117
2019	Non-Indigenous	43	57	1601
2018	Indigenous	50	50	98
2018	Non-Indigenous	41	59	1765

Question 66n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	58	42	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	60	40	1521
2019	Indigenous	57	43	117
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	39	1601
2018	Indigenous	55	45	98
2018	Non-Indigenous	63	37	1765

Question 66p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	16	84	83
2020	Non-Indigenous	12	88	1521
2019	Indigenous	8	92	117
2019	Non-Indigenous	11	89	1601
2018	Indigenous	14	86	98
2018	Non-Indigenous	13	87	1765

Question 67. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	30	19	19	5	4	20	3	63	12	987
2020	Non-Indigenous	28	18	15	3	2	27	6	69	8	29145
2019	Indigenous	29	17	18	7	4	20	5	61	15	1119
2019	Non-Indigenous	26	17	18	4	3	25	7	63	10	27837
2018	Indigenous	24	19	24	4	4	21	3	57	11	1048
2018	Non-Indigenous	23	20	22	3	3	24	5	60	9	26419
2017	Indigenous	24	20	18	5	5	24	5	61	14	1065
2017	Non-Indigenous	22	20	19	3	3	27	6	62	9	27942
2014	Indigenous	24	22	19	4	5	20	5	62	12	1110
2014	Non-Indigenous	23	19	19	3	2	27	6	63	8	30675

Question 68. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	47	29	12	4	4	3	0	79	8	986
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	30	12	3	2	7	1	82	5	29173
2019	Indigenous	47	25	14	4	3	5	1	77	8	1118
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	28	14	3	3	7	1	78	7	27834
2018	Indigenous	40	29	17	4	4	6	1	74	8	1053
2018	Non-Indigenous	37	32	16	4	3	7	1	75	7	26426
2017	Indigenous	38	31	13	4	4	8	1	76	10	1059
2017	Non-Indigenous	37	32	15	3	3	9	1	77	7	27886
2014	Indigenous	39	31	15	5	3	6	2	76	9	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	38	32	15	3	2	9	1	78	6	30657

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 87. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, did you have workplace accommodation measures in place before the COVID-19 pandemic which are no longer being met?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	12	88	981
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	91	29037

Question 88. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	19	81	985
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	86	29073
2019	Indigenous	21	79	1120
2019	Non-Indigenous	16	84	27875
2017	Indigenous	25	75	1063
2017	Non-Indigenous	17	83	27926
2014	Indigenous	23	77	1111
2014	Non-Indigenous	15	85	30623

Question 89. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?
A disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society.

A barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	66	34	196
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	45	4023

Question 90. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	82	18	197
2020	Non-Indigenous	82	18	4021
2019	Indigenous	82	18	246
2019	Non-Indigenous	83	17	4521
2017	Indigenous	78	22	264
2017	Non-Indigenous	81	19	4603
2014	Indigenous	77	23	254
2014	Non-Indigenous	81	19	4598

Question 91. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	51	23	9	11	6	0	74	17	162
2020	Non-Indigenous	50	34	6	7	2	0	85	9	3299
2019	Indigenous	43	29	6	11	10	0	73	21	200
2019	Non-Indigenous	46	33	6	9	5	0	80	14	3707
2017	Indigenous	42	38	5	8	5	1	81	14	207
2017	Non-Indigenous	44	37	6	8	5	1	82	12	3701
2014	Indigenous	54	31	4	7	4	0	85	11	196
2014	Non-Indigenous	51	32	5	7	4	0	84	10	3749

Question 92. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	52	28	7	6	4	2	1	83	9	984
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	28	8	4	2	2	3	86	5	29180

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Workplace well-being

A safe and healthy workplace

Question 75. I believe senior managers in my department or agency take adequate steps to support the mental health of employees during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	41	31	12	8	5	3	0	74	14	984
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	33	13	6	3	4	0	77	10	29097

Question 79a. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Clear and easy to understand.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	43	41	8	5	2	1	0	84	8	992
2020	Non-Indigenous	45	39	8	6	1	0	0	85	7	29222

Question 79b. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Provided in a timely manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	42	37	11	7	3	1	0	79	9	984
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	37	10	6	2	1	0	82	8	29087

Question 79c. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Relevant to the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	40	36	16	5	2	1	1	78	6	980
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	37	15	4	1	1	1	80	5	29012

Question 79d. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Consistent with the information provided to me by my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	50	31	11	3	2	2	1	83	5	984
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	34	10	3	1	1	1	86	4	29090

Question 79e. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Available in both official languages.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	67	13	6	1	1	9	3	92	2	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	67	17	5	1	0	8	3	94	1	29141

Question 80. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, my department or agency has clearly communicated the mental health services and resources that are available to me.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	58	28	7	3	2	1	0	88	5	989
2020	Non-Indigenous	58	30	6	3	1	2	0	90	4	29069

Question 81. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	53	25	8	7	6	1	0	79	13	982
2020	Non-Indigenous	52	29	8	6	3	1	0	82	9	29083

Question 82. I am satisfied with the measures my department or agency is taking to protect my physical health and safety during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	60	26	7	4	3	1	0	87	6	989
2020	Non-Indigenous	60	27	7	3	1	1	0	89	4	29110

Question 85. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you managed any employees who have been working remotely? (for supervisors)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	93	7	154
2020	Non-Indigenous	98	2	4226

Question 86. My department or agency has provided me with adequate training and/or resources to manage a remote team during the COVID-19 pandemic. (for supervisors who manage employees who have been working remotely)
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	24	43	12	16	5	0	0	68	21	144
2020	Non-Indigenous	22	42	16	15	5	0	0	64	20	4131

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 74. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	47	36	9	4	3	2	84	7	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	46	38	9	4	1	1	86	5	29173
2019	Indigenous	34	39	14	8	4	1	74	11	1121
2019	Non-Indigenous	35	41	14	6	3	2	77	9	27823
2018	Indigenous	31	40	14	9	5	1	73	14	1057
2018	Non-Indigenous	34	42	14	6	3	2	77	9	26388
2017	Indigenous	25	38	16	9	7	3	66	17	1061
2017	Non-Indigenous	27	43	15	7	4	3	73	12	27892

Question 76. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	42	26	10	10	10	1	0	69	21	984
2020	Non-Indigenous	42	28	12	10	6	2	1	71	16	29119

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	52	24	13	2	4	5	0	79	7	986
2020	Non-Indigenous	51	27	12	3	2	4	1	82	6	29046

Question 78. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	32	16	8	6	2	70	14	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	34	14	6	3	2	75	10	29161
2019	Indigenous	28	32	16	13	8	1	61	22	1121
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	37	17	10	6	2	66	17	27855
2018	Indigenous	25	36	17	12	10	1	61	22	1060
2018	Non-Indigenous	26	38	17	11	7	2	65	18	26407
2017	Indigenous	19	34	17	16	11	2	55	28	1063
2017	Non-Indigenous	19	40	18	13	8	2	61	21	27924

Question 84. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues. (for supervisors)
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	26	49	9	11	4	0	0	76	15	154
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	48	12	12	3	1	0	73	15	4222
2019	Indigenous	28	42	14	13	3	0	0	70	16	162
2019	Non-Indigenous	22	47	12	12	4	1	1	71	17	3946

Work-related stress

Question 70a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Risk of exposure to COVID-19
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	22	16	11	12	1	1	60	24	992
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	23	15	9	10	0	2	66	19	29216

Question 70b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	35	30	19	8	7	1	1	66	15	986
2020	Non-Indigenous	41	29	16	7	5	0	1	71	12	29148
2019	Indigenous	30	26	21	10	12	0	1	57	22	1116
2019	Non-Indigenous	32	31	19	9	9	0	1	64	18	27865
2018	Indigenous	25	29	21	12	12	0	1	55	24	1052
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	29	21	10	10	0	1	58	21	26421
2017	Indigenous	27	27	18	12	14	0	2	55	26	1062
2017	Non-Indigenous	27	28	19	12	12	1	2	56	24	27917

Question 70c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	24	29	24	13	8	1	0	54	22	990
2020	Non-Indigenous	26	29	24	12	7	0	1	56	20	29182
2019	Indigenous	26	29	23	12	8	0	1	56	21	1121
2019	Non-Indigenous	24	31	24	13	7	0	1	56	20	27846
2018	Indigenous	20	26	26	16	11	0	1	47	27	1053
2018	Non-Indigenous	19	28	29	15	9	0	1	47	24	26396
2017	Indigenous	21	28	22	17	9	0	1	50	27	1061
2017	Non-Indigenous	20	29	27	14	8	0	1	50	23	27908

Question 70d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	37	29	17	9	5	1	2	68	15	984
2020	Non-Indigenous	37	29	18	9	5	1	3	68	14	29121
2019	Indigenous	37	30	17	8	5	0	2	69	14	1117
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	30	18	9	5	0	3	66	15	27749
2018	Indigenous	29	28	21	12	8	0	3	58	20	1047
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	28	23	12	7	1	3	57	20	26300
2017	Indigenous	31	27	20	12	7	1	3	60	19	1058
2017	Non-Indigenous	27	29	21	12	7	1	4	58	20	27879

Question 70e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	41	24	15	10	7	2	1	67	17	987
2020	Non-Indigenous	39	25	17	9	6	2	3	67	15	29058
2019	Indigenous	39	22	18	10	8	1	2	63	18	1116
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	26	18	11	8	1	3	62	19	27718
2018	Indigenous	28	23	20	14	11	1	3	53	26	1055
2018	Non-Indigenous	28	25	21	13	9	2	3	55	23	26295
2017	Indigenous	26	24	18	15	12	1	3	52	29	1062
2017	Non-Indigenous	28	24	20	13	9	2	4	55	24	27907

Question 70f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	67	15	7	3	2	1	5	87	5	981
2020	Non-Indigenous	61	17	8	4	2	1	7	85	6	29060
2019	Indigenous	71	14	6	2	2	0	6	90	4	1112
2019	Non-Indigenous	65	16	6	2	2	1	8	89	4	27753
2018	Indigenous	64	16	7	3	2	0	8	87	5	1050
2018	Non-Indigenous	59	18	8	3	2	1	10	85	5	26306
2017	Indigenous	57	18	6	3	2	1	14	87	6	1059
2017	Non-Indigenous	54	17	8	3	2	1	15	85	5	27860

Question 70g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	26	19	11	9	1	1	61	20	987
2020	Non-Indigenous	36	28	19	9	6	0	1	65	15	29140
2019	Indigenous	37	28	19	8	7	0	1	66	15	1122
2019	Non-Indigenous	39	30	17	7	6	0	1	70	13	27829
2018	Indigenous	35	28	19	9	8	0	1	63	17	1048
2018	Non-Indigenous	36	28	20	9	6	0	1	65	15	26378
2017	Indigenous	32	29	21	11	6	0	1	62	17	1059
2017	Non-Indigenous	33	31	21	9	6	0	1	64	15	27815

Question 70h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Balancing work and caregiving responsibilities (e.g., children, elderly, family member(s)) during the COVID-19 pandemic
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	32	23	18	8	11	1	6	60	20	989
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	24	18	9	8	0	5	62	18	29089

Question 70i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	38	32	17	5	5	1	1	72	11	983
2020	Non-Indigenous	38	32	17	6	3	1	2	73	9	29049
2019	Indigenous	38	29	18	9	5	1	1	68	14	1120
2019	Non-Indigenous	34	34	18	7	4	1	2	70	11	27812
2018	Indigenous	29	34	19	8	7	1	2	65	15	1057
2018	Non-Indigenous	27	34	22	9	5	1	1	63	14	26319
2017	Indigenous	32	33	19	10	4	1	2	66	14	1056
2017	Non-Indigenous	29	33	21	10	5	1	2	63	15	27788

Question 70j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	26	31	22	10	8	1	1	59	19	990
2020	Non-Indigenous	29	32	21	10	5	1	1	63	16	29042
2019	Indigenous	32	28	21	12	6	0	1	60	19	1119
2019	Non-Indigenous	28	33	21	10	6	1	1	62	16	27780
2018	Indigenous	23	30	23	13	10	0	1	54	23	1055
2018	Non-Indigenous	22	31	25	13	7	1	1	55	20	26305
2017	Indigenous	25	30	22	14	7	1	1	56	21	1057
2017	Non-Indigenous	23	31	23	14	7	1	2	55	21	27809

Question 70k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	39	29	17	8	5	1	1	69	14	986
2020	Non-Indigenous	40	31	16	8	4	1	1	72	12	29052
2019	Indigenous	41	30	15	7	6	0	0	72	14	1116
2019	Non-Indigenous	38	31	17	8	4	0	1	70	13	27771
2018	Indigenous	31	31	20	9	7	0	1	64	16	1053
2018	Non-Indigenous	32	32	20	10	5	0	1	64	15	26300
2017	Indigenous	34	31	17	11	6	0	1	66	17	1057
2017	Non-Indigenous	32	31	19	10	5	1	2	65	15	27805

Question 70l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	48	25	12	7	7	1	1	75	14	986
2020	Non-Indigenous	49	26	13	6	4	1	1	76	11	28972
2019	Indigenous	46	24	15	7	8	0	1	71	15	1115
2019	Non-Indigenous	44	27	14	7	6	1	1	72	13	27761

Question 70m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	29	22	12	8	1	1	57	21	987
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	31	22	11	6	0	1	61	17	29101

Question 70n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	25	31	21	12	10	1	0	56	22	989
2020	Non-Indigenous	25	31	22	12	8	0	1	57	20	29070
2019	Indigenous	33	29	19	11	6	0	1	63	17	1113
2019	Non-Indigenous	30	32	21	11	6	0	1	62	17	27681
2018	Indigenous	24	30	23	13	9	0	1	55	22	1059
2018	Non-Indigenous	25	30	24	13	7	0	1	55	21	26246
2017	Indigenous	25	32	20	13	8	0	1	58	21	1055
2017	Non-Indigenous	25	31	22	12	7	1	2	57	20	27758

Question 70o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	54	25	11	4	3	1	1	81	7	985
2020	Non-Indigenous	53	27	12	4	2	0	1	81	7	28962
2019	Indigenous	60	21	9	4	4	0	1	82	8	1114
2019	Non-Indigenous	56	24	10	4	3	0	2	82	8	27709
2018	Indigenous	58	21	9	5	5	0	2	81	10	1051
2018	Non-Indigenous	53	23	12	5	4	0	3	79	9	26205
2017	Indigenous	56	22	10	6	4	0	3	80	9	1062
2017	Non-Indigenous	53	24	12	5	3	0	3	79	9	27929

Question 70p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	34	34	17	7	5	1	0	70	13	982
2020	Non-Indigenous	35	35	19	7	4	0	0	70	11	29003

Question 70q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	70	17	6	2	1	1	3	90	4	987
2020	Non-Indigenous	68	17	6	2	2	1	5	89	4	28984
2019	Indigenous	74	12	5	2	3	1	4	89	5	1115
2019	Non-Indigenous	72	12	5	2	2	1	7	91	4	27717
2018	Indigenous	71	13	6	2	3	1	4	89	5	1049
2018	Non-Indigenous	67	15	7	2	2	1	6	88	5	26263

Question 70r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	78	9	4	2	3	1	2	90	6	989
2020	Non-Indigenous	79	9	4	2	2	1	3	92	4	29003
2019	Indigenous	69	12	8	4	5	0	1	83	9	1112
2019	Non-Indigenous	72	12	5	3	4	1	3	87	7	27777
2018	Indigenous	67	14	7	4	5	1	2	83	9	1054
2018	Non-Indigenous	69	13	6	3	4	1	4	86	7	26271
2017	Indigenous	67	14	6	6	3	1	3	85	9	1062
2017	Non-Indigenous	70	13	6	3	3	1	4	87	7	27918

Question 70s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	72	17	4	2	3	1	1	91	5	983
2020	Non-Indigenous	74	16	5	2	1	0	2	92	3	28908
2019	Indigenous	59	27	8	3	2	0	1	87	5	1109
2019	Non-Indigenous	61	24	8	3	2	0	2	87	5	27682
2018	Indigenous	57	27	9	3	3	0	1	84	7	1056
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	27	10	3	2	0	2	84	6	26377
2017	Indigenous	56	28	7	3	2	0	2	87	6	1055
2017	Non-Indigenous	58	26	9	3	2	0	3	86	5	27904

Question 70t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	69	15	7	3	5	1	1	85	8	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	70	15	6	3	3	1	2	87	6	28984
2019	Indigenous	63	18	8	5	5	0	0	82	10	1107
2019	Non-Indigenous	63	18	8	4	4	0	2	83	9	27643
2018	Indigenous	56	22	10	6	6	0	1	78	12	1052
2018	Non-Indigenous	56	22	10	6	5	0	2	79	11	26280
2017	Indigenous	61	18	8	6	4	1	2	82	10	1056
2017	Non-Indigenous	59	20	9	5	4	1	3	82	9	27908

Question 70u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	64	8	3	1	1	1	22	93	2	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	61	8	3	1	1	0	25	93	3	29037
2019	Indigenous	63	9	3	1	1	0	23	94	2	1107
2019	Non-Indigenous	59	10	4	1	1	0	25	92	3	27565
2018	Indigenous	57	10	4	1	1	0	27	92	3	1047
2018	Non-Indigenous	52	11	5	2	1	0	30	89	4	26148
2017	Indigenous	55	10	4	1	1	0	29	91	3	1056
2017	Non-Indigenous	53	11	4	2	1	1	29	91	3	27888

Question 70v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	65	19	7	2	4	1	2	86	6	991
2020	Non-Indigenous	66	18	8	3	1	1	4	88	4	29178
2019	Indigenous	68	18	8	2	2	0	3	88	4	1106
2019	Non-Indigenous	63	19	8	3	2	0	5	87	4	27651
2018	Indigenous	62	21	7	3	2	0	5	87	6	1045
2018	Non-Indigenous	57	21	10	3	2	0	6	84	6	26252
2017	Indigenous	63	18	7	3	2	0	8	88	4	1051
2017	Non-Indigenous	59	20	9	3	2	1	8	85	5	27756

Question 70w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	65	16	7	4	7	0	2	82	11	990
2020	Non-Indigenous	63	16	8	5	6	0	2	81	11	29206
2019	Indigenous	61	13	10	5	9	1	2	76	14	1112
2019	Non-Indigenous	60	14	8	5	9	1	3	77	15	27766
2018	Indigenous	58	15	11	6	8	0	2	75	14	1056
2018	Non-Indigenous	57	16	9	6	9	1	4	76	15	26365
2017	Indigenous	55	17	9	6	8	1	5	76	15	1060
2017	Non-Indigenous	53	18	9	7	9	1	4	74	16	27940

Question 70x. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	36	32	17	8	5	1	1	69	13	992
2020	Non-Indigenous	44	30	16	5	3	0	1	76	9	29185
2019	Indigenous	45	31	15	5	4	0	1	76	9	1111
2019	Non-Indigenous	50	29	13	4	3	0	2	80	7	27705
2018	Indigenous	42	32	14	6	5	0	2	75	11	1054
2018	Non-Indigenous	45	30	15	5	3	0	2	77	8	26321
2017	Indigenous	41	32	14	6	3	0	3	76	10	1061
2017	Non-Indigenous	45	31	14	5	2	0	3	78	8	27891

Question 71. To what extent is stress from the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacting your ability to carry out day-to-day work responsibilities?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	28	38	21	7	5	1	0	67	12	993
2020	Non-Indigenous	30	40	20	6	3	0	0	70	10	29207

Question 72. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	16	34	33	12	5	0	50	17	988
2020	Non-Indigenous	18	35	33	10	3	0	53	14	29189
2019	Indigenous	20	32	30	14	4	0	52	18	1120
2019	Non-Indigenous	18	35	33	10	4	0	53	14	27920
2018	Indigenous	16	31	33	14	5	0	47	19	1057
2018	Non-Indigenous	15	33	36	12	4	0	47	17	26480
2017	Indigenous	13	28	37	14	6	1	42	21	1066
2017	Non-Indigenous	13	31	38	13	5	0	44	18	27960

Question 73. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	15	19	39	20	7	0	27	34	984
2020	Non-Indigenous	9	18	41	23	9	0	32	27	29063
2019	Indigenous	12	19	37	21	11	0	32	31	1110
2019	Non-Indigenous	9	18	39	23	10	0	33	27	27654
2018	Indigenous	12	21	36	21	10	0	31	33	1049
2018	Non-Indigenous	9	19	40	22	9	0	32	28	26133
2017	Indigenous	12	22	34	21	11	1	32	35	1061
2017	Non-Indigenous	8	19	41	22	9	0	31	27	27839

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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 93. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	21	53	25	1	72	28	992
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	59	25	2	81	19	29256

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 94. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	53	47	202
2020	Non-Indigenous	59	41	4050

Question 97. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your organization or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	48	20	11	5	4	3	9	77	11	989
2020	Non-Indigenous	55	17	8	3	2	3	11	84	6	29194
2019	Indigenous	52	17	11	6	7	2	6	75	14	1112
2019	Non-Indigenous	55	18	10	4	4	2	8	80	9	27634
2018	Indigenous	50	16	12	7	8	1	6	71	16	1059
2018	Non-Indigenous	55	16	10	5	4	2	8	79	11	26406

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 95. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	14	19	18	18	22	5	4	36	43	204
2020	Non-Indigenous	14	24	19	18	16	1	7	42	37	4058

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 96. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Indigenous	10	17	16	19	28	4	6	31	52	203
2020	Non-Indigenous	11	22	18	21	22	2	5	35	46	4056

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2020 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Canada Revenue Agency by Question 116. Are you an Indigenous person?

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 50. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 51. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 52. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 31. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 32. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 33. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 34. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 26. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 42. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 44. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 28. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you requested flexible work hours, either formally or informally?

Question 29. During the COVID-19 pandemic, my immediate supervisor supported the use of flexible work hours.

Question 53. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 54. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 36. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 37. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 45. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 46. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.

Question 49. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel free to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal.

Question 47. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 48. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about issues related to racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsman, human resources advisor).

Question 69. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 38. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 40. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 35. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 55. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 56a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Co-workers

Question 56b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals with authority over me

Question 56c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals working for me

Question 56d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 56e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 56f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 56g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Other

Question 57a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Aggressive behaviour

Question 57b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Excessive control

Question 57c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Being excluded or being ignored

Question 57d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Humiliation

Question 57e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Interference with work or withholding resources

Question 57f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Offensive remark