2020 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Canada Border Services Agency by Question 120. Are you a member of a visible minority group?

The results of the 2020 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented according to the numerical order of questions, grouped by section theme as they appeared in the questionnaire. Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison, or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. The results for "Most positive or least negative answers" and "Least positive and most negative answers" are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Top of page

My Job

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	34	44	6	10	6	0	0	78	16	1596
2020	Non-visible minority	28	47	5	15	5	0	0	75	20	6214

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	73	18	4	2	2	0	0	92	4	1595
2020	Non-visible minority	73	19	4	2	2	0	1	92	3	6193
2017	Visible minority	66	22	5	3	2	1	1	90	5	1237
2017	Non-visible minority	62	25	6	4	2	1	1	88	6	5867
2014	Visible minority	62	26	5	4	2	1	1	90	6	1530
2014	Non-visible minority	62	25	6	3	2	1	1	88	6	7673

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	37	36	9	11	5	74	17	1595
2020	Non-visible minority	34	38	8	13	6	72	20	6191
2019	Visible minority	35	35	9	13	8	70	21	1357
2019	Non-visible minority	30	34	9	16	11	64	27	5766
2017	Visible minority	31	34	10	13	12	65	25	1238
2017	Non-visible minority	24	33	9	18	15	58	33	5876
2014	Visible minority	29	36	9	14	12	66	26	1528
2014	Non-visible minority	27	33	9	17	14	60	31	7672

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	25	38	14	16	7	63	23	1589
2020	Non-visible minority	23	37	13	18	8	61	26	6176
2019	Visible minority	21	38	14	19	8	59	27	1356
2019	Non-visible minority	18	36	14	20	12	54	32	5755
2018	Visible minority	17	43	12	16	12	60	28	1127
2018	Non-visible minority	12	40	12	22	14	52	36	5001
2017	Visible minority	16	33	13	21	16	49	38	1237
2017	Non-visible minority	11	32	13	23	21	43	44	5880
2014	Visible minority	12	33	15	23	17	46	40	1530
2014	Non-visible minority	12	32	13	23	19	44	42	7674

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	38	35	11	10	6	0	73	16	1590
2020	Non-visible minority	37	35	10	11	6	0	73	17	6155
2019	Visible minority	33	36	11	14	6	0	70	20	1358
2019	Non-visible minority	32	36	11	12	8	0	68	20	5730
2017	Visible minority	28	37	14	12	8	0	66	20	1233
2017	Non-visible minority	27	38	10	14	9	0	66	24	5861
2014	Visible minority	27	40	13	12	7	1	67	19	1527
2014	Non-visible minority	29	38	12	13	8	0	67	21	7672

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	37	31	12	10	9	0	68	20	1590
2020	Non-visible minority	37	29	12	11	10	0	67	21	6188
2019	Visible minority	34	33	12	10	10	0	67	21	1357
2019	Non-visible minority	31	31	11	13	13	0	63	25	5751
2018	Visible minority	32	33	14	9	11	1	66	20	1128
2018	Non-visible minority	27	33	14	14	12	0	60	26	4987
2017	Visible minority	27	32	14	12	14	1	60	26	1239
2017	Non-visible minority	26	31	13	14	16	0	56	30	5874
2014	Visible minority	24	35	14	12	14	0	60	26	1529
2014	Non-visible minority	25	31	15	15	14	1	56	29	7673

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	35	37	13	9	6	72	15	1600
2020	Non-visible minority	33	37	13	10	7	70	17	6197
2019	Visible minority	31	40	13	8	7	71	16	1364
2019	Non-visible minority	30	38	13	10	9	68	19	5778
2018	Visible minority	27	39	14	12	8	66	20	1119
2018	Non-visible minority	24	42	13	11	9	66	21	4966
2017	Visible minority	25	41	13	12	9	66	21	1240
2017	Non-visible minority	24	42	13	12	10	66	22	5875
2014	Visible minority	24	43	13	11	8	68	19	1529
2014	Non-visible minority	25	43	13	11	9	68	19	7678

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	28	29	14	15	13	57	28	1597
2020	Non-visible minority	26	33	14	14	12	59	26	6195
2019	Visible minority	22	31	16	16	15	53	31	1358
2019	Non-visible minority	20	33	15	17	15	53	32	5770
2018	Visible minority	19	29	17	16	18	48	34	1129
2018	Non-visible minority	15	29	17	18	20	45	38	4982
2017	Visible minority	16	30	17	17	20	46	37	1240
2017	Non-visible minority	14	30	16	19	20	44	40	5872
2014	Visible minority	14	31	17	19	19	45	37	1530
2014	Non-visible minority	14	30	17	19	19	45	39	7677

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	34	37	13	9	6	72	15	1583
2020	Non-visible minority	27	40	14	13	7	67	19	6153
2019	Visible minority	28	40	14	12	6	68	18	1353
2019	Non-visible minority	23	39	15	15	8	62	23	5742
2018	Visible minority	25	38	15	12	9	64	21	1130
2018	Non-visible minority	19	38	16	16	11	56	27	4994
2017	Visible minority	24	37	16	13	9	62	22	1239
2017	Non-visible minority	18	39	16	16	11	57	27	5874

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	42	36	10	7	5	0	78	11	1587
2020	Non-visible minority	37	37	12	8	5	0	74	13	6175
2019	Visible minority	39	36	12	7	5	0	76	12	1344
2019	Non-visible minority	31	39	13	10	7	0	70	17	5737
2018	Visible minority	37	39	12	6	6	1	77	11	1122
2018	Non-visible minority	28	42	13	10	7	0	70	17	4976
2017	Visible minority	33	37	13	9	7	1	70	16	1239
2017	Non-visible minority	25	39	14	11	10	1	64	21	5868
2014	Visible minority	31	39	14	9	7	1	70	16	1529
2014	Non-visible minority	26	38	15	11	9	1	65	20	7674

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	29	30	15	11	14	0	60	25	1592
2020	Non-visible minority	26	33	14	14	13	0	60	26	6182
2019	Visible minority	25	30	18	14	13	0	55	27	1353
2019	Non-visible minority	22	32	15	15	15	0	54	30	5752
2018	Visible minority	19	33	16	16	15	0	53	31	1118
2018	Non-visible minority	16	32	16	18	18	0	48	36	4962
2017	Visible minority	18	30	19	15	18	1	48	33	1237
2017	Non-visible minority	15	30	16	17	21	0	46	39	5880

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	52	31	10	4	3	83	6	1586
2020	Non-visible minority	49	33	10	5	4	82	8	6150
2019	Visible minority	46	34	12	5	3	80	8	1340
2019	Non-visible minority	47	34	11	5	4	81	8	5731
2018	Visible minority	44	37	12	3	3	82	6	1110
2018	Non-visible minority	44	36	10	6	3	81	10	4944
2017	Visible minority	45	35	11	5	4	80	8	1229
2017	Non-visible minority	44	36	11	5	3	80	9	5860
2014	Visible minority	56	29	9	3	2	86	5	1530
2014	Non-visible minority	53	31	10	4	3	84	7	7670

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	30	34	15	10	11	0	64	21	1586
2020	Non-visible minority	26	35	14	13	11	0	61	25	6168
2019	Visible minority	23	34	17	13	12	0	58	25	1355
2019	Non-visible minority	21	35	14	16	14	0	56	30	5752
2018	Visible minority	20	34	16	15	15	0	54	29	1117
2018	Non-visible minority	17	34	14	18	17	0	50	35	4958
2017	Visible minority	20	32	16	16	15	1	52	32	1226
2017	Non-visible minority	16	35	14	19	17	0	50	36	5857
2014	Visible minority	15	36	15	17	17	0	51	34	1529
2014	Non-visible minority	14	34	15	18	19	0	48	37	7681

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	32	30	17	10	11	0	62	21	1590
2020	Non-visible minority	30	32	16	11	11	0	62	22	6191
2019	Visible minority	26	30	19	12	12	0	57	25	1356
2019	Non-visible minority	25	30	17	14	14	0	55	28	5764
2018	Visible minority	22	32	18	12	15	0	55	27	1115
2018	Non-visible minority	19	31	16	16	17	0	50	33	4930
2017	Visible minority	23	28	19	15	15	1	51	30	1228
2017	Non-visible minority	19	30	17	17	17	0	49	34	5857
2014	Visible minority	19	33	18	15	15	0	52	30	1529
2014	Non-visible minority	19	31	17	16	17	0	50	33	7673

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	31	37	14	9	7	0	69	17	1581
2020	Non-visible minority	28	38	16	11	6	0	66	18	6116
2019	Visible minority	25	36	19	11	8	1	62	19	1343
2019	Non-visible minority	23	37	17	14	9	0	60	23	5675
2018	Visible minority	24	33	18	13	12	0	57	25	1112
2018	Non-visible minority	19	32	19	17	14	0	51	30	4956
2017	Visible minority	22	31	18	15	13	1	53	28	1227
2017	Non-visible minority	18	33	18	17	13	0	51	31	5854
2014	Visible minority	18	35	20	14	12	1	54	26	1529
2014	Non-visible minority	19	34	18	15	13	0	53	29	7674

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	44	35	11	6	4	79	10	1599
2020	Non-visible minority	40	37	12	7	4	77	11	6196
2019	Visible minority	38	37	13	6	5	75	12	1365
2019	Non-visible minority	36	39	12	8	5	75	13	5771
2018	Visible minority	33	40	16	7	4	73	10	1119
2018	Non-visible minority	31	41	13	9	5	72	14	4971
2017	Visible minority	32	38	15	8	6	70	15	1228
2017	Non-visible minority	29	41	15	9	7	70	16	5849
2014	Visible minority	33	41	15	5	5	74	11	1529
2014	Non-visible minority	33	40	13	8	6	73	14	7678

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	41	34	15	5	4	0	1	76	9	1587
2020	Non-visible minority	39	33	15	7	4	0	1	73	11	6156
2019	Visible minority	39	35	18	4	3	0	0	75	7	1355
2019	Non-visible minority	37	32	17	7	5	0	1	71	12	5735
2018	Visible minority	38	33	16	8	4	1	1	72	11	1125
2018	Non-visible minority	35	33	17	8	5	0	1	69	13	4995
2017	Visible minority	41	34	15	5	4	0	1	76	9	1239
2017	Non-visible minority	36	34	16	7	4	0	3	72	12	5882
2014	Visible minority	31	35	21	8	5	0	1	66	13	1529
2014	Non-visible minority	33	33	19	8	5	0	2	67	14	7680

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	13	24	33	19	9	1	1	28	38	1599
2020	Non-visible minority	15	27	33	17	7	0	1	24	42	6203
2019	Visible minority	13	25	32	18	10	1	2	28	39	1362
2019	Non-visible minority	16	28	31	15	8	1	1	23	45	5769
2018	Visible minority	18	25	31	17	7	1	2	25	44	1119
2018	Non-visible minority	19	32	31	12	5	1	1	17	51	4970
2017	Visible minority	18	27	32	13	7	1	3	20	46	1232
2017	Non-visible minority	19	29	32	12	5	1	2	18	49	5857
2014	Visible minority	20	26	33	14	3	1	3	18	48	1528
2014	Non-visible minority	18	32	31	11	5	1	1	16	52	7669

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	15	19	24	22	16	2	2	40	36	1593
2020	Non-visible minority	16	22	28	21	11	1	1	34	38	6174
2019	Visible minority	17	21	25	16	16	3	2	34	40	1354
2019	Non-visible minority	22	26	25	16	9	1	1	25	49	5764
2018	Visible minority	24	24	22	16	10	2	2	27	50	1118
2018	Non-visible minority	27	28	25	12	6	1	1	19	56	4955
2017	Visible minority	24	25	23	13	8	4	4	23	52	1228
2017	Non-visible minority	26	27	26	11	6	1	2	18	55	5859
2014	Visible minority	24	26	26	12	6	2	4	19	54	1527
2014	Non-visible minority	25	28	26	12	6	1	2	18	55	7668

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	18	21	30	17	10	2	3	28	40	1594
2020	Non-visible minority	20	24	29	15	8	1	2	24	46	6169
2019	Visible minority	22	21	26	15	11	2	3	27	46	1358
2019	Non-visible minority	24	27	25	14	8	2	2	22	53	5765
2018	Visible minority	25	23	25	12	9	3	3	22	51	1116
2018	Non-visible minority	28	28	24	11	5	1	2	17	58	4950
2017	Visible minority	24	25	23	14	8	3	4	23	52	1228
2017	Non-visible minority	27	26	24	12	5	2	4	18	56	5870
2014	Visible minority	25	25	26	12	4	3	4	18	54	1527
2014	Non-visible minority	27	28	25	11	5	2	3	17	57	7660

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	8	11	28	30	19	1	3	51	20	1598
2020	Non-visible minority	9	14	29	30	15	1	3	47	23	6175
2019	Visible minority	11	12	25	28	20	1	3	51	23	1346
2019	Non-visible minority	10	16	28	27	15	1	3	44	27	5737
2018	Visible minority	11	13	29	25	16	2	4	44	26	1117
2018	Non-visible minority	13	16	30	26	11	1	3	38	30	4936
2017	Visible minority	14	14	27	22	15	2	7	40	30	1222
2017	Non-visible minority	13	17	27	25	11	2	6	39	32	5837
2014	Visible minority	15	17	29	22	9	2	6	33	35	1522
2014	Non-visible minority	16	18	28	22	10	1	4	34	36	7650

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	18	19	26	19	15	2	2	35	39	1590
2020	Non-visible minority	18	22	28	19	11	1	1	31	40	6195
2019	Visible minority	22	21	22	17	14	2	2	32	45	1353
2019	Non-visible minority	27	24	23	14	9	1	1	23	53	5770
2018	Visible minority	32	21	23	12	9	2	2	22	55	1117
2018	Non-visible minority	34	28	21	9	6	1	1	15	63	4965
2017	Visible minority	31	23	21	11	8	1	4	21	58	1228
2017	Non-visible minority	35	25	21	10	6	1	2	17	62	5862
2014	Visible minority	34	24	21	11	5	2	4	17	61	1525
2014	Non-visible minority	32	27	22	10	5	1	2	16	61	7665

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	11	16	24	25	16	5	4	44	30	1587
2020	Non-visible minority	12	16	27	25	15	2	2	42	29	6166
2019	Visible minority	18	18	24	19	14	4	3	36	38	1355
2019	Non-visible minority	18	22	26	19	11	2	2	31	42	5741
2018	Visible minority	21	21	24	18	10	4	3	30	45	1116
2018	Non-visible minority	23	22	25	18	9	1	2	27	46	4940
2017	Visible minority	21	19	25	15	11	4	5	29	44	1228
2017	Non-visible minority	20	20	26	19	9	2	4	30	42	5857
2014	Visible minority	17	19	27	20	8	5	5	31	39	1522
2014	Non-visible minority	16	20	27	21	11	2	3	34	38	7667

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	16	20	27	18	12	3	3	32	39	1588
2020	Non-visible minority	19	24	29	16	8	2	2	25	45	6176
2019	Visible minority	20	21	26	15	13	3	2	30	43	1356
2019	Non-visible minority	23	27	27	13	8	1	1	22	51	5755
2018	Visible minority	26	21	25	14	9	3	2	24	49	1121
2018	Non-visible minority	27	27	28	10	5	1	2	16	56	4957
2017	Visible minority	25	23	26	10	8	4	5	20	52	1230
2017	Non-visible minority	25	25	28	11	5	2	3	17	53	5860
2014	Visible minority	24	22	29	12	4	3	5	18	51	1523
2014	Non-visible minority	25	26	28	11	5	2	2	17	53	7667

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	13	17	34	22	11	1	2	35	31	1599
2020	Non-visible minority	15	22	34	21	8	0	1	29	37	6198
2019	Visible minority	20	23	30	15	10	1	2	26	44	1359
2019	Non-visible minority	24	27	30	13	6	0	1	19	51	5777

Top of page

My Work Unit

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	24	29	17	11	11	5	3	57	24	1596
2020	Non-visible minority	22	28	18	12	11	4	3	55	26	6194
2019	Visible minority	24	28	18	11	13	4	2	56	25	1357
2019	Non-visible minority	21	28	17	15	13	3	2	52	30	5754
2018	Visible minority	14	32	21	13	14	4	3	49	29	1119
2018	Non-visible minority	14	30	20	15	16	3	2	46	33	4973
2017	Visible minority	19	27	19	13	15	5	3	49	30	1238
2017	Non-visible minority	16	28	17	16	16	3	3	47	34	5875
2014	Visible minority	23	30	19	11	11	4	3	57	23	1529
2014	Non-visible minority	23	30	17	13	12	3	2	56	27	7678

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	41	26	10	11	11	1	0	68	22	1591
2020	Non-visible minority	39	28	10	12	10	1	0	68	22	6172
2019	Visible minority	35	27	13	12	12	1	0	63	24	1354
2019	Non-visible minority	35	29	11	13	11	0	0	64	25	5760
2018	Visible minority	28	31	12	14	13	2	0	60	28	1117
2018	Non-visible minority	28	30	12	15	14	0	0	58	29	4958
2017	Visible minority	31	25	14	15	15	1	0	56	30	1234
2017	Non-visible minority	28	29	12	15	15	1	1	58	30	5873
2014	Visible minority	33	30	11	12	13	1	0	64	25	1527
2014	Non-visible minority	33	29	11	13	12	1	0	63	25	7678

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	47	32	9	7	5	79	12	1592
2020	Non-visible minority	43	33	9	9	5	77	14	6169
2019	Visible minority	40	33	11	10	7	73	17	1355
2019	Non-visible minority	36	36	11	11	6	72	17	5764
2018	Visible minority	32	37	15	8	7	69	15	1112
2018	Non-visible minority	30	40	12	11	7	70	18	4962
2017	Visible minority	27	38	14	12	9	66	20	1237
2017	Non-visible minority	26	40	13	13	8	66	20	5875
2014	Visible minority	29	42	13	9	6	71	15	1525
2014	Non-visible minority	30	42	12	10	6	72	16	7672

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	39	35	13	7	4	2	1	76	11	1590
2020	Non-visible minority	37	37	14	7	4	1	0	75	11	6138
2019	Visible minority	34	35	17	7	5	2	0	70	13	1358
2019	Non-visible minority	32	39	15	7	5	1	0	72	13	5768
2018	Visible minority	27	40	19	7	6	2	0	68	13	1116
2018	Non-visible minority	25	42	18	8	5	1	0	68	14	4963

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel free to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal.

Racism refers to any individual action or institutional practice which treats people differently because of their colour or ethnicity.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	36	25	13	8	11	5	1	65	21	1595
2020	Non-visible minority	46	26	11	5	5	4	3	78	10	6193

Top of page

My Immediate Supervisor

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	43	24	16	6	5	2	5	71	12	1596
2020	Non-visible minority	42	26	16	6	5	1	4	72	12	6190
2019	Visible minority	35	27	20	7	6	1	3	65	14	1360
2019	Non-visible minority	36	28	18	7	7	1	4	67	14	5779

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	40	32	11	8	7	1	1	73	15	1596
2020	Non-visible minority	39	29	13	10	9	0	0	69	19	6190
2019	Visible minority	36	30	15	10	9	1	0	66	19	1364
2019	Non-visible minority	32	30	15	11	10	0	0	63	22	5770
2018	Visible minority	30	36	14	9	9	1	0	67	18	1119
2018	Non-visible minority	27	33	15	13	11	0	0	60	25	4941
2017	Visible minority	29	37	14	10	9	0	0	67	20	1240
2017	Non-visible minority	26	34	14	13	12	1	0	60	25	5883
2014	Visible minority	28	36	15	10	9	1	0	65	20	1531
2014	Non-visible minority	28	34	14	12	10	0	0	63	23	7674

Question 26. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	43	24	16	7	8	2	1	69	15	1595
2020	Non-visible minority	43	24	14	7	9	1	2	69	17	6182

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	44	30	12	7	6	1	1	75	13	1596
2020	Non-visible minority	42	30	11	9	7	0	1	73	16	6190
2019	Visible minority	39	31	14	8	7	0	1	71	15	1356
2019	Non-visible minority	34	31	13	12	9	1	1	66	21	5738
2018	Visible minority	34	36	12	8	8	1	1	71	17	1110
2018	Non-visible minority	30	33	14	13	10	0	0	63	24	4921
2017	Visible minority	36	31	12	9	10	1	1	68	20	1241
2017	Non-visible minority	29	33	13	13	11	1	0	63	24	5868
2014	Visible minority	31	35	13	10	9	1	1	66	20	1530
2014	Non-visible minority	30	34	13	12	9	0	0	64	22	7676

Question 28. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you requested flexible work hours, either formally or informally?

Flexible work hours mean that an employee is able to vary the start and end times of their workday.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	39	61	1601
2020	Non-visible minority	34	66	6207

Question 29. During the COVID-19 pandemic, my immediate supervisor supported the use of flexible work hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	46	17	11	4	6	4	11	74	12	1599
2020	Non-visible minority	43	18	10	5	6	5	13	74	14	6189

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	52	25	10	6	6	1	0	78	12	1596
2020	Non-visible minority	48	26	11	7	8	0	1	74	15	6203
2019	Visible minority	42	31	12	7	7	0	0	74	14	1362
2019	Non-visible minority	39	28	13	10	9	0	0	68	19	5773
2018	Visible minority	37	32	13	8	9	0	0	69	17	1117
2018	Non-visible minority	35	27	15	11	11	0	0	63	23	4938
2017	Visible minority	41	26	15	7	11	1	0	67	18	1235
2017	Non-visible minority	35	29	14	11	11	0	0	65	22	5866
2014	Visible minority	37	30	14	9	9	0	0	68	18	1531
2014	Non-visible minority	36	29	14	10	10	0	0	66	20	7667

Top of page

Senior Management

Question 31. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	29	26	16	9	13	7	1	59	24	1595
2020	Non-visible minority	27	26	16	11	13	7	0	57	26	6205
2019	Visible minority	25	27	18	12	12	5	0	55	25	1366
2019	Non-visible minority	20	28	17	13	16	5	0	51	31	5766
2018	Visible minority	19	27	19	13	17	5	1	48	32	1127
2018	Non-visible minority	14	26	19	16	19	5	0	42	38	4994
2017	Visible minority	17	23	20	14	19	7	1	43	35	1240
2017	Non-visible minority	13	25	19	16	21	6	0	41	39	5880
2014	Visible minority	14	27	18	13	19	8	0	45	35	1530
2014	Non-visible minority	15	27	19	15	18	6	0	45	35	7673

Question 32. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	25	28	16	11	16	3	55	28	1593
2020	Non-visible minority	22	27	16	15	17	2	50	33	6190
2019	Visible minority	22	27	19	13	16	2	51	30	1361
2019	Non-visible minority	17	25	16	18	21	2	43	40	5758
2018	Visible minority	16	24	17	16	23	3	42	40	1125
2018	Non-visible minority	12	21	17	21	28	1	33	50	4984
2017	Visible minority	16	22	18	15	26	2	38	43	1239
2017	Non-visible minority	10	21	16	21	29	2	32	52	5879
2014	Visible minority	12	24	19	17	25	3	37	44	1529
2014	Non-visible minority	11	22	18	21	26	2	34	48	7677

Question 33. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	21	25	18	14	17	5	0	48	33	1594
2020	Non-visible minority	15	25	18	19	19	4	0	42	40	6179
2019	Visible minority	17	23	21	17	18	5	0	42	36	1361
2019	Non-visible minority	12	21	18	21	24	3	0	34	47	5751
2018	Visible minority	13	20	19	19	24	4	0	35	45	1124
2018	Non-visible minority	7	17	18	24	31	2	0	26	56	4970
2017	Visible minority	12	18	19	18	27	5	1	31	48	1238
2017	Non-visible minority	7	17	17	24	31	4	0	25	58	5871
2014	Visible minority	9	20	19	19	28	6	0	31	50	1529
2014	Non-visible minority	7	18	18	25	28	3	0	26	55	7673

Question 34. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	22	29	16	14	16	3	53	31	1595
2020	Non-visible minority	15	28	17	19	19	2	44	39	6198
2019	Visible minority	18	24	19	17	19	3	43	37	1358
2019	Non-visible minority	11	24	16	21	26	2	36	48	5764
2018	Visible minority	13	25	16	18	25	3	39	44	1125
2018	Non-visible minority	7	20	16	24	31	2	28	55	4986
2017	Visible minority	12	23	16	19	26	3	37	47	1239
2017	Non-visible minority	7	21	16	22	31	3	29	54	5869
2014	Visible minority	11	26	15	19	26	3	38	46	1528
2014	Non-visible minority	7	23	18	23	27	2	31	51	7672

Question 35. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	36	19	12	7	8	12	5	67	19	1594
2020	Non-visible minority	36	21	12	6	7	14	4	70	16	6200
2019	Visible minority	35	20	12	8	8	15	3	67	19	1366
2019	Non-visible minority	38	20	11	6	7	14	3	70	16	5779

Top of page

My Organization (Department or Agency)

Question 36. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	26	38	17	10	7	2	65	18	1595
2020	Non-visible minority	20	40	18	13	8	1	61	21	6193
2019	Visible minority	22	38	19	11	9	1	61	20	1363
2019	Non-visible minority	18	37	20	15	9	1	55	25	5764
2018	Visible minority	20	36	19	14	11	1	56	25	1122
2018	Non-visible minority	12	37	21	18	12	1	49	30	4977
2017	Visible minority	21	33	20	14	11	1	54	25	1235
2017	Non-visible minority	14	35	20	16	14	1	50	30	5871
2014	Visible minority	20	37	20	12	10	1	57	23	1531
2014	Non-visible minority	17	38	20	12	10	1	56	23	7678

Question 37. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	18	28	20	18	13	2	47	32	1589
2020	Non-visible minority	11	28	20	24	15	1	40	39	6154
2019	Visible minority	13	23	21	21	19	3	37	41	1354
2019	Non-visible minority	7	23	20	26	22	2	31	49	5744

Question 38. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	28	35	14	10	9	2	2	65	20	1594
2020	Non-visible minority	27	36	15	11	8	2	1	65	19	6190
2019	Visible minority	26	33	15	13	10	2	1	60	24	1357
2019	Non-visible minority	24	37	16	12	9	2	1	62	22	5758
2018	Visible minority	22	36	17	11	11	2	1	60	23	1127
2018	Non-visible minority	21	40	16	12	8	1	1	62	21	4980
2017	Visible minority	28	35	15	10	9	3	1	66	19	1237
2017	Non-visible minority	26	39	14	11	8	2	1	67	19	5863
2014	Visible minority	26	37	13	11	8	4	1	66	20	1530
2014	Non-visible minority	30	38	13	10	7	2	1	70	17	7675

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	26	32	20	11	9	2	1	59	20	1588
2020	Non-visible minority	24	35	19	12	8	1	0	60	20	6183
2019	Visible minority	23	32	21	12	10	1	0	56	23	1356
2019	Non-visible minority	20	35	21	12	10	1	0	55	23	5753
2018	Visible minority	19	33	24	13	11	1	0	52	24	1121
2018	Non-visible minority	16	35	23	13	12	1	0	51	25	4974

Question 40. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	19	21	18	13	19	7	2	44	36	1597
2020	Non-visible minority	18	23	16	16	18	6	2	44	38	6185
2019	Visible minority	16	21	19	14	21	7	1	41	38	1356
2019	Non-visible minority	15	23	16	17	21	5	2	41	42	5769
2018	Visible minority	14	21	22	14	21	7	1	38	38	1124
2018	Non-visible minority	12	23	18	18	24	4	1	37	45	4981
2017	Visible minority	14	19	18	16	23	8	2	37	44	1237
2017	Non-visible minority	13	22	16	19	22	5	2	38	45	5867
2014	Visible minority	10	19	18	17	25	9	2	33	47	1529
2014	Non-visible minority	12	23	16	18	23	6	2	38	44	7678

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	20	26	19	15	18	2	0	47	33	1594
2020	Non-visible minority	17	27	18	17	17	2	0	46	36	6187
2019	Visible minority	18	25	17	17	20	3	0	44	39	1361
2019	Non-visible minority	13	24	18	20	23	2	0	39	44	5755
2018	Visible minority	13	23	18	19	25	2	0	37	45	1128
2018	Non-visible minority	9	22	18	22	28	1	0	31	51	4983
2017	Visible minority	13	20	17	20	27	3	0	34	49	1239
2017	Non-visible minority	8	21	16	25	28	2	0	29	54	5875
2014	Visible minority	10	21	19	20	26	2	1	32	48	1526
2014	Non-visible minority	9	22	17	22	26	2	0	33	49	7674

Question 42. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	19	23	16	16	21	3	1	44	39	1596
2020	Non-visible minority	17	25	15	17	22	2	2	44	40	6199
2019	Visible minority	16	23	17	14	25	3	1	41	41	1363
2019	Non-visible minority	15	23	15	18	26	1	2	39	45	5782
2018	Visible minority	12	21	16	19	28	2	2	35	48	1127
2018	Non-visible minority	10	22	15	20	31	1	1	33	51	4978
2017	Visible minority	10	17	14	19	34	4	2	29	56	1236
2017	Non-visible minority	10	20	14	20	31	2	2	31	54	5877
2014	Visible minority	10	18	16	18	33	3	2	30	54	1528
2014	Non-visible minority	11	23	15	20	29	2	2	35	50	7677

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	45	22	16	7	5	1	3	70	13	1599
2020	Non-visible minority	45	23	14	7	6	1	4	71	14	6208
2019	Visible minority	41	26	17	7	6	1	3	70	13	1363
2019	Non-visible minority	41	24	17	7	6	1	4	68	14	5765

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	33	24	20	9	9	1	3	59	20	1594
2020	Non-visible minority	37	23	18	10	8	1	3	63	18	6203
2019	Visible minority	31	23	20	12	9	2	3	57	22	1357
2019	Non-visible minority	32	23	20	11	9	1	4	58	21	5761

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	55	14	9	6	7	6	3	76	14	1594
2020	Non-visible minority	70	10	6	4	4	2	4	86	8	6180
2019	Visible minority	54	15	9	5	7	7	3	77	13	1354
2019	Non-visible minority	67	11	7	3	5	3	5	84	9	5757

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	61	13	6	4	4	3	10	84	9	1591
2020	Non-visible minority	69	10	5	3	4	1	7	87	8	6192
2019	Visible minority	63	11	6	2	5	4	8	85	8	1358
2019	Non-visible minority	68	8	4	3	4	2	9	87	8	5759

Question 44. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	18	33	21	14	8	5	1	55	23	1592
2020	Non-visible minority	17	39	18	14	9	3	0	58	23	6196
2019	Visible minority	14	32	25	13	10	4	1	49	25	1361
2019	Non-visible minority	14	34	21	17	11	3	0	49	29	5774
2018	Visible minority	11	26	26	16	17	4	0	39	34	1128
2018	Non-visible minority	9	29	25	18	17	2	0	39	36	4985
2017	Visible minority	10	23	24	16	20	6	1	36	39	1238
2017	Non-visible minority	9	26	23	19	18	3	0	37	39	5870

Question 45. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	28	33	16	12	9	2	62	21	1587
2020	Non-visible minority	27	36	17	12	7	2	64	19	6159
2019	Visible minority	26	37	14	12	9	2	64	21	1349
2019	Non-visible minority	23	36	19	12	9	2	60	21	5740
2018	Visible minority	26	36	18	10	10	2	62	20	1122
2018	Non-visible minority	22	39	19	11	7	2	62	18	4973
2017	Visible minority	24	35	18	10	11	2	60	22	1238
2017	Non-visible minority	21	38	19	11	8	2	61	19	5874
2014	Visible minority	27	34	16	9	11	3	63	20	1529
2014	Non-visible minority	28	36	18	9	6	3	66	16	7678

Question 46. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.

A diverse workplace includes everyone, regardless of race, national or ethnic origin, colour, disability, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital or family status, religion, age, language, culture, background, interests, views or other dimensions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	30	30	17	10	8	4	1	64	18	1595
2020	Non-visible minority	31	34	18	7	5	4	1	69	12	6180
2019	Visible minority	30	32	19	8	8	3	0	64	17	1358
2019	Non-visible minority	29	35	20	7	6	4	1	66	13	5752
2018	Visible minority	27	32	19	9	9	3	0	61	19	1122
2018	Non-visible minority	25	36	23	6	6	4	1	64	12	4977
2017	Visible minority	22	30	21	9	13	4	0	55	23	1237
2017	Non-visible minority	23	33	23	7	7	6	1	60	15	5872
2014	Visible minority	28	33	16	8	10	4	1	64	19	1528
2014	Non-visible minority	32	33	19	5	5	5	1	69	11	7671

Question 47. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.
Anti-racism may be promoted by providing access to anti-racism training, and promoting awareness of resources and self-directed learning on anti-racism.

Anti-racism is an active and consistent process of change to eliminate individual, institutional and systemic racism.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	28	30	18	9	9	5	1	61	20	1599
2020	Non-visible minority	30	34	19	6	4	5	1	69	11	6195

Question 48. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about issues related to racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsman, human resources advisor).

Racism refers to any individual action or institutional practice which treats people differently because of their colour or ethnicity.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	31	29	14	10	12	4	1	62	23	1595
2020	Non-visible minority	39	31	12	6	6	3	2	75	12	6179

Question 49. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	42	32	12	8	6	1	74	14	1598
2020	Non-visible minority	38	33	12	9	7	0	72	16	6173
2019	Visible minority	36	34	14	8	7	1	71	15	1359
2019	Non-visible minority	30	36	14	11	9	0	67	20	5770
2018	Visible minority	28	39	18	7	8	1	67	15	1121
2018	Non-visible minority	24	36	17	12	10	0	61	23	4964
2017	Visible minority	27	38	15	11	9	0	65	20	1238
2017	Non-visible minority	23	36	15	13	12	0	59	25	5879
2014	Visible minority	29	37	14	10	10	1	66	20	1531
2014	Non-visible minority	28	36	14	11	10	0	64	22	7673

Question 50. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	31	29	18	12	10	1	60	22	1594
2020	Non-visible minority	27	30	18	13	12	0	57	25	6173
2019	Visible minority	26	28	21	12	12	1	55	24	1358
2019	Non-visible minority	22	29	19	15	15	1	51	30	5758
2018	Visible minority	21	27	22	15	14	1	48	30	1121
2018	Non-visible minority	15	27	22	18	18	0	42	36	4963
2017	Visible minority	18	27	21	15	18	1	46	33	1234
2017	Non-visible minority	14	26	19	19	21	1	40	40	5872
2014	Visible minority	18	29	21	15	15	1	48	30	1527
2014	Non-visible minority	16	31	19	17	16	1	48	33	7678

Question 51. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	29	33	17	11	10	0	63	21	1583
2020	Non-visible minority	26	32	16	15	11	0	58	26	6139
2019	Visible minority	25	31	19	14	11	0	56	25	1357
2019	Non-visible minority	21	30	18	17	15	0	50	32	5743
2018	Visible minority	20	28	21	16	15	1	48	31	1117
2018	Non-visible minority	14	29	20	19	18	0	43	37	4950
2017	Visible minority	17	29	21	16	17	1	46	33	1236
2017	Non-visible minority	14	27	18	21	20	0	41	41	5870
2014	Visible minority	17	31	19	16	16	0	49	32	1528
2014	Non-visible minority	15	31	18	19	17	0	46	36	7676

Question 52. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	29	24	17	14	12	3	55	27	1599
2020	Non-visible minority	28	24	18	14	12	3	55	27	6185
2019	Visible minority	24	23	19	15	15	3	49	31	1359
2019	Non-visible minority	23	25	18	16	15	3	49	32	5774
2018	Visible minority	20	22	20	16	18	3	44	35	1122
2018	Non-visible minority	18	22	21	18	18	2	42	37	4975
2017	Visible minority	18	20	18	17	22	5	40	41	1236
2017	Non-visible minority	17	23	18	17	21	4	42	40	5870
2014	Visible minority	19	24	19	17	17	4	45	35	1529
2014	Non-visible minority	19	24	19	17	17	4	45	35	7678

Top of page

Mobility and Retention

Question 53. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	28	35	38	1602
2020	Non-visible minority	26	39	36	6212
2019	Visible minority	31	29	40	1362
2019	Non-visible minority	29	36	35	5781
2018	Visible minority	32	28	40	1132
2018	Non-visible minority	28	37	35	4999
2017	Visible minority	32	29	40	1241
2017	Non-visible minority	28	36	36	5870
2014	Visible minority	29	31	40	1530
2014	Non-visible minority	27	38	35	7674

Question 54. Please indicate your reason for leaving.
Survey year	Demographic	To retire (%)	To pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	To pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	To pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	End of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Other (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	10	36	35	6	7	6	436
2020	Non-visible minority	22	36	27	5	5	6	1604
2019	Visible minority	6	29	33	6	20	5	415
2019	Non-visible minority	20	31	27	6	11	5	1647
2018	Visible minority	6	33	39	4	11	6	366
2018	Non-visible minority	20	30	34	7	4	4	1419
2017	Visible minority	6	23	46	8	10	8	397
2017	Non-visible minority	18	25	36	9	5	6	1683
2014	Visible minority	4	38	40	10	9999	8	458
2014	Non-visible minority	15	38	30	8	9999	8	2127

Top of page

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual. Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable act(s), comment(s) or display(s) that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 55. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	17	83	1600
2020	Non-visible minority	16	84	6205
2019	Visible minority	18	82	1363
2019	Non-visible minority	19	81	5767
2018	Visible minority	21	79	1125
2018	Non-visible minority	22	78	4999

Question 56a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	53	47	260
2020	Non-visible minority	53	47	931
2019	Visible minority	61	39	240
2019	Non-visible minority	56	44	1066
2018	Visible minority	61	39	232
2018	Non-visible minority	52	48	1080

Question 56b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	70	30	260
2020	Non-visible minority	64	36	931
2019	Visible minority	61	39	240
2019	Non-visible minority	65	35	1066
2018	Visible minority	65	35	232
2018	Non-visible minority	68	32	1080

Question 56c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	11	89	260
2020	Non-visible minority	10	90	931
2019	Visible minority	8	92	240
2019	Non-visible minority	9	91	1066
2018	Visible minority	8	92	232
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	1080

Question 56d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	5	95	260
2020	Non-visible minority	4	96	931
2019	Visible minority	4	96	240
2019	Non-visible minority	5	95	1066
2018	Visible minority	9	91	232
2018	Non-visible minority	4	96	1080

Question 56e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	5	95	260
2020	Non-visible minority	4	96	931
2019	Visible minority	6	94	240
2019	Non-visible minority	3	97	1066
2018	Visible minority	3	97	232
2018	Non-visible minority	4	96	1080

Question 56f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	18	82	260
2020	Non-visible minority	16	84	931
2019	Visible minority	21	79	240
2019	Non-visible minority	17	83	1066
2018	Visible minority	22	78	232
2018	Non-visible minority	18	82	1080

Question 56g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	5	95	260
2020	Non-visible minority	2	98	931
2019	Visible minority	5	95	240
2019	Non-visible minority	2	98	1066
2018	Visible minority	3	97	232
2018	Non-visible minority	2	98	1080

Question 57a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	44	56	260
2020	Non-visible minority	40	60	931
2019	Visible minority	45	55	240
2019	Non-visible minority	40	60	1055
2018	Visible minority	47	53	233
2018	Non-visible minority	41	59	1080

Question 57b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	37	63	260
2020	Non-visible minority	36	64	931
2019	Visible minority	32	68	240
2019	Non-visible minority	39	61	1055
2018	Visible minority	33	67	233
2018	Non-visible minority	40	60	1080

Question 57c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	52	48	260
2020	Non-visible minority	52	48	931
2019	Visible minority	54	46	240
2019	Non-visible minority	53	47	1055
2018	Visible minority	48	52	233
2018	Non-visible minority	50	50	1080

Question 57d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	43	57	260
2020	Non-visible minority	43	57	931
2019	Visible minority	45	55	240
2019	Non-visible minority	42	58	1055
2018	Visible minority	47	53	233
2018	Non-visible minority	41	59	1080

Question 57e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	33	67	260
2020	Non-visible minority	32	68	931
2019	Visible minority	31	69	240
2019	Non-visible minority	35	65	1055
2018	Visible minority	35	65	233
2018	Non-visible minority	36	64	1080

Question 57f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	54	46	260
2020	Non-visible minority	56	44	931
2019	Visible minority	57	43	240
2019	Non-visible minority	54	46	1055
2018	Visible minority	58	42	233
2018	Non-visible minority	55	45	1080

Question 57g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	39	61	260
2020	Non-visible minority	42	58	931
2019	Visible minority	37	63	240
2019	Non-visible minority	42	58	1055
2018	Visible minority	43	57	233
2018	Non-visible minority	40	60	1080

Question 57h. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Physical violence
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	3	97	260
2020	Non-visible minority	2	98	931
2018	Visible minority	6	94	233
2018	Non-visible minority	2	98	1080

Question 57i. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Sexual comment or gesture
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	7	93	260
2020	Non-visible minority	10	90	931
2019	Visible minority	11	89	240
2019	Non-visible minority	11	89	1055
2018	Visible minority	8	92	233
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	1080

Question 57j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	14	86	260
2020	Non-visible minority	14	86	931
2019	Visible minority	15	85	240
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	1055
2018	Visible minority	12	88	233
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	1080

Question 57k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	62	38	260
2020	Non-visible minority	55	45	931
2019	Visible minority	58	42	240
2019	Non-visible minority	59	41	1055
2018	Visible minority	60	40	233
2018	Non-visible minority	56	44	1080

Question 57l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	33	67	260
2020	Non-visible minority	28	72	931
2019	Visible minority	34	66	240
2019	Non-visible minority	28	72	1055
2018	Visible minority	34	66	233
2018	Non-visible minority	28	72	1080

Question 57m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	17	83	260
2020	Non-visible minority	17	83	931
2019	Visible minority	19	81	240
2019	Non-visible minority	16	84	1055
2018	Visible minority	16	84	233
2018	Non-visible minority	15	85	1080

Question 58a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	44	56	260
2020	Non-visible minority	48	52	931
2019	Visible minority	42	58	240
2019	Non-visible minority	51	49	1049
2018	Visible minority	42	58	234
2018	Non-visible minority	53	47	1084

Question 58b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	23	77	260
2020	Non-visible minority	27	73	931
2019	Visible minority	27	73	240
2019	Non-visible minority	29	71	1049
2018	Visible minority	22	78	234
2018	Non-visible minority	28	72	1084

Question 58c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	4	96	260
2020	Non-visible minority	5	95	931
2019	Visible minority	4	96	240
2019	Non-visible minority	6	94	1049
2018	Visible minority	5	95	234
2018	Non-visible minority	7	93	1084

Question 58d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	14	86	260
2020	Non-visible minority	24	76	931
2019	Visible minority	19	81	240
2019	Non-visible minority	26	74	1049
2018	Visible minority	19	81	234
2018	Non-visible minority	24	76	1084

Question 58e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	9	91	260
2020	Non-visible minority	10	90	931
2019	Visible minority	7	93	240
2019	Non-visible minority	9	91	1049
2018	Visible minority	9	91	234
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	1084

Question 58f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	8	92	260
2020	Non-visible minority	12	88	931
2019	Visible minority	11	89	240
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	1049
2018	Visible minority	13	87	234
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	1084

Question 58g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	14	86	260
2020	Non-visible minority	13	87	931
2019	Visible minority	17	83	240
2019	Non-visible minority	15	85	1049
2018	Visible minority	15	85	234
2018	Non-visible minority	14	86	1084

Question 58h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? Other.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	10	90	260
2020	Non-visible minority	11	89	931
2019	Visible minority	9	91	240
2019	Non-visible minority	13	87	1049
2018	Visible minority	11	89	234
2018	Non-visible minority	11	89	1084

Question 58i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	36	64	260
2020	Non-visible minority	27	73	931
2019	Visible minority	38	62	240
2019	Non-visible minority	25	75	1049
2018	Visible minority	32	68	234
2018	Non-visible minority	27	73	1084

Question 59a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	7	93	238
2020	Non-visible minority	8	92	819
2019	Visible minority	9	91	214
2019	Non-visible minority	11	89	931
2018	Visible minority	7	93	206
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	955

Question 59b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	15	85	238
2020	Non-visible minority	15	85	819
2019	Visible minority	22	78	214
2019	Non-visible minority	15	85	931
2018	Visible minority	12	88	206
2018	Non-visible minority	14	86	955

Question 59c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	7	93	238
2020	Non-visible minority	8	92	819
2019	Visible minority	8	92	214
2019	Non-visible minority	8	92	931
2018	Visible minority	11	89	206
2018	Non-visible minority	8	92	955

Question 59d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	5	95	238
2020	Non-visible minority	4	96	819
2019	Visible minority	6	94	214
2019	Non-visible minority	5	95	931
2018	Visible minority	9	91	206
2018	Non-visible minority	5	95	955

Question 59e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	5	95	238
2020	Non-visible minority	8	92	819
2019	Visible minority	7	93	214
2019	Non-visible minority	9	91	931
2018	Visible minority	7	93	206
2018	Non-visible minority	8	92	955

Question 59f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	3	97	238
2020	Non-visible minority	7	93	819
2019	Visible minority	6	94	214
2019	Non-visible minority	9	91	931
2018	Visible minority	8	92	206
2018	Non-visible minority	8	92	955

Question 59g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	10	90	238
2020	Non-visible minority	7	93	819
2019	Visible minority	6	94	214
2019	Non-visible minority	7	93	931
2018	Visible minority	7	93	206
2018	Non-visible minority	7	93	955

Question 59h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	21	79	238
2020	Non-visible minority	10	90	819
2019	Visible minority	18	82	214
2019	Non-visible minority	9	91	931
2018	Visible minority	13	87	206
2018	Non-visible minority	10	90	955

Question 59i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	23	77	238
2020	Non-visible minority	11	89	819
2019	Visible minority	15	85	214
2019	Non-visible minority	9	91	931
2018	Visible minority	9	91	206
2018	Non-visible minority	8	92	955

Question 59j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	38	62	238
2020	Non-visible minority	38	62	819
2019	Visible minority	37	63	214
2019	Non-visible minority	37	63	931
2018	Visible minority	37	63	206
2018	Non-visible minority	37	63	955

Question 59k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	13	87	238
2020	Non-visible minority	10	90	819
2019	Visible minority	12	88	214
2019	Non-visible minority	9	91	931
2018	Visible minority	10	90	206
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	955

Question 59l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	57	43	238
2020	Non-visible minority	55	45	819
2019	Visible minority	54	46	214
2019	Non-visible minority	53	47	931
2018	Visible minority	48	52	206
2018	Non-visible minority	49	51	955

Question 59m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	3	97	214
2019	Non-visible minority	2	98	931

Question 59n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	65	35	238
2020	Non-visible minority	64	36	819
2019	Visible minority	63	37	214
2019	Non-visible minority	63	37	931
2018	Visible minority	61	39	206
2018	Non-visible minority	64	36	955

Question 59o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint but I have not done so yet.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	3	97	238
2020	Non-visible minority	3	97	819
2019	Visible minority	2	98	214
2019	Non-visible minority	5	95	931
2018	Visible minority	5	95	206
2018	Non-visible minority	4	96	955

Question 59p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	11	89	238
2020	Non-visible minority	13	87	819
2019	Visible minority	14	86	214
2019	Non-visible minority	13	87	931
2018	Visible minority	15	85	206
2018	Non-visible minority	11	89	955

Question 60. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	16	16	19	10	13	20	6	43	30	1599
2020	Non-visible minority	14	17	19	12	13	20	6	42	33	6196
2019	Visible minority	13	16	22	9	14	19	7	39	31	1362
2019	Non-visible minority	12	16	20	12	16	18	6	36	37	5772
2018	Visible minority	12	18	24	9	15	17	5	39	31	1122
2018	Non-visible minority	10	16	24	14	18	15	4	32	39	4986
2017	Visible minority	12	14	22	8	17	20	7	35	35	1238
2017	Non-visible minority	10	16	22	11	17	18	5	34	37	5883
2014	Visible minority	11	15	21	9	13	22	8	37	33	1527
2014	Non-visible minority	11	16	23	10	13	21	6	37	32	7674

Question 61. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	24	26	20	10	11	8	1	56	22	1596
2020	Non-visible minority	23	27	20	12	10	7	1	54	24	6195
2019	Visible minority	23	26	22	10	11	8	1	54	22	1361
2019	Non-visible minority	21	28	20	12	12	7	1	52	26	5769
2018	Visible minority	18	30	21	10	13	7	1	52	25	1124
2018	Non-visible minority	16	27	23	14	15	5	0	46	30	4985
2017	Visible minority	18	24	23	10	14	10	2	47	27	1238
2017	Non-visible minority	15	27	22	13	14	8	1	46	30	5874
2014	Visible minority	17	22	23	10	11	14	3	46	26	1526
2014	Non-visible minority	16	27	23	11	11	11	1	49	25	7675

Top of page

Discrimination

Discrimination means treating someone differently or unfairly because of a personal characteristic or distinction,which, whether intentional or not, has an effect that imposes disadvantages not imposed on others or that withholds or limits access that is given to others. There are 13 prohibited grounds of discrimination under the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 62. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	16	84	1599
2020	Non-visible minority	10	90	6193
2019	Visible minority	15	85	1361
2019	Non-visible minority	11	89	5769
2018	Visible minority	17	83	1124
2018	Non-visible minority	13	87	4984

Question 63a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	48	52	241
2020	Non-visible minority	34	66	581
2019	Visible minority	44	56	196
2019	Non-visible minority	37	63	615
2018	Visible minority	46	54	187
2018	Non-visible minority	32	68	633

Question 63b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	77	23	241
2020	Non-visible minority	81	19	581
2019	Visible minority	68	32	196
2019	Non-visible minority	80	20	615
2018	Visible minority	77	23	187
2018	Non-visible minority	80	20	633

Question 63c. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	6	94	241
2020	Non-visible minority	3	97	581
2019	Visible minority	7	93	196
2019	Non-visible minority	3	97	615
2018	Visible minority	5	95	187
2018	Non-visible minority	2	98	633

Question 63d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	5	95	241
2020	Non-visible minority	3	97	581
2019	Visible minority	4	96	196
2019	Non-visible minority	3	97	615
2018	Visible minority	7	93	187
2018	Non-visible minority	3	97	633

Question 63e. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	6	94	241
2020	Non-visible minority	5	95	581
2019	Visible minority	6	94	196
2019	Non-visible minority	6	94	615
2018	Visible minority	5	95	187
2018	Non-visible minority	4	96	633

Question 63f. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	24	76	241
2020	Non-visible minority	11	89	581
2019	Visible minority	23	77	196
2019	Non-visible minority	13	87	615
2018	Visible minority	20	80	187
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	633

Question 63g. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	9	91	241
2020	Non-visible minority	8	92	581
2019	Visible minority	8	92	196
2019	Non-visible minority	7	93	615
2018	Visible minority	7	93	187
2018	Non-visible minority	11	89	633

Question 64a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	67	33	241
2020	Non-visible minority	12	88	581
2019	Visible minority	59	41	195
2019	Non-visible minority	11	89	600
2018	Visible minority	63	37	187
2018	Non-visible minority	14	86	629

Question 64b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	43	57	241
2020	Non-visible minority	7	93	581
2019	Visible minority	43	57	195
2019	Non-visible minority	10	90	600
2018	Visible minority	42	58	187
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	629

Question 64c. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Colour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	40	60	241
2020	Non-visible minority	6	94	581
2019	Visible minority	40	60	195
2019	Non-visible minority	8	92	600
2018	Visible minority	34	66	187
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	629

Question 64d. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Religion
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	19	81	241
2020	Non-visible minority	3	97	581
2019	Visible minority	14	86	195
2019	Non-visible minority	3	97	600
2018	Visible minority	17	83	187
2018	Non-visible minority	3	97	629

Question 64e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	28	72	241
2020	Non-visible minority	24	76	581
2019	Visible minority	24	76	195
2019	Non-visible minority	27	73	600
2018	Visible minority	18	82	187
2018	Non-visible minority	20	80	629

Question 64f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	29	71	241
2020	Non-visible minority	33	67	581
2019	Visible minority	29	71	195
2019	Non-visible minority	36	64	600
2018	Visible minority	26	74	187
2018	Non-visible minority	41	59	629

Question 64g. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Sexual orientation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	3	97	241
2020	Non-visible minority	6	94	581
2019	Visible minority	6	94	195
2019	Non-visible minority	5	95	600

Question 64i. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Marital status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	12	88	241
2020	Non-visible minority	13	87	581
2019	Visible minority	11	89	195
2019	Non-visible minority	13	87	600
2018	Visible minority	9	91	187
2018	Non-visible minority	11	89	629

Question 64j. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Family status
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	24	76	241
2020	Non-visible minority	28	72	581
2019	Visible minority	20	80	195
2019	Non-visible minority	26	74	600
2018	Visible minority	21	79	187
2018	Non-visible minority	25	75	629

Question 64k. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	0	100	195
2019	Non-visible minority	2	98	600

Question 64l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	11	89	241
2020	Non-visible minority	22	78	581
2019	Visible minority	13	87	195
2019	Non-visible minority	25	75	600
2018	Visible minority	10	90	187
2018	Non-visible minority	23	77	629

Question 64n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	9	91	241
2020	Non-visible minority	17	83	581
2019	Visible minority	14	86	195
2019	Non-visible minority	16	84	600
2018	Visible minority	11	89	187
2018	Non-visible minority	16	84	629

Question 65a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	23	77	241
2020	Non-visible minority	29	71	581
2019	Visible minority	23	77	194
2019	Non-visible minority	33	67	598
2018	Visible minority	22	78	186
2018	Non-visible minority	34	66	633

Question 65b. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	10	90	241
2020	Non-visible minority	12	88	581
2019	Visible minority	11	89	194
2019	Non-visible minority	17	83	598
2018	Visible minority	16	84	186
2018	Non-visible minority	15	85	633

Question 65c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	3	97	194
2019	Non-visible minority	4	96	598

Question 65d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	11	89	241
2020	Non-visible minority	20	80	581
2019	Visible minority	14	86	194
2019	Non-visible minority	22	78	598
2018	Visible minority	13	87	186
2018	Non-visible minority	23	77	633

Question 65e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	4	96	241
2020	Non-visible minority	4	96	581
2019	Visible minority	9	91	194
2019	Non-visible minority	4	96	598
2018	Visible minority	4	96	186
2018	Non-visible minority	4	96	633

Question 65f. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	8	92	241
2020	Non-visible minority	11	89	581
2019	Visible minority	9	91	194
2019	Non-visible minority	11	89	598
2018	Visible minority	8	92	186
2018	Non-visible minority	11	89	633

Question 65g. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	12	88	241
2020	Non-visible minority	9	91	581
2019	Visible minority	10	90	194
2019	Non-visible minority	9	91	598
2018	Visible minority	10	90	186
2018	Non-visible minority	8	92	633

Question 65h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	9	91	241
2020	Non-visible minority	8	92	581
2019	Visible minority	8	92	194
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	598
2018	Visible minority	7	93	186
2018	Non-visible minority	8	92	633

Question 65i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	54	46	241
2020	Non-visible minority	48	52	581
2019	Visible minority	55	45	194
2019	Non-visible minority	44	56	598
2018	Visible minority	56	44	186
2018	Non-visible minority	47	53	633

Question 66a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	7	93	222
2020	Non-visible minority	3	97	516
2019	Visible minority	9	91	167
2019	Non-visible minority	6	94	484
2018	Visible minority	5	95	172
2018	Non-visible minority	5	95	565

Question 66b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	17	83	222
2020	Non-visible minority	12	88	516
2019	Visible minority	16	84	167
2019	Non-visible minority	11	89	484
2018	Visible minority	17	83	172
2018	Non-visible minority	8	92	565

Question 66c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	3	97	222
2020	Non-visible minority	3	97	516
2019	Visible minority	5	95	167
2019	Non-visible minority	3	97	484
2018	Visible minority	3	97	172
2018	Non-visible minority	2	98	565

Question 66d. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The individual apologized.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	2	98	222
2020	Non-visible minority	1	99	516
2018	Visible minority	4	96	172
2018	Non-visible minority	3	97	565

Question 66f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	2	98	222
2020	Non-visible minority	3	97	516
2019	Visible minority	3	97	167
2019	Non-visible minority	5	95	484
2018	Visible minority	3	97	172
2018	Non-visible minority	2	98	565

Question 66g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	5	95	222
2020	Non-visible minority	4	96	516
2019	Visible minority	6	94	167
2019	Non-visible minority	7	93	484
2018	Visible minority	6	94	172
2018	Non-visible minority	3	97	565

Question 66h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	15	85	222
2020	Non-visible minority	9	91	516
2019	Visible minority	13	87	167
2019	Non-visible minority	10	90	484
2018	Visible minority	13	87	172
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	565

Question 66i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	12	88	222
2020	Non-visible minority	10	90	516
2019	Visible minority	11	89	167
2019	Non-visible minority	11	89	484
2018	Visible minority	11	89	172
2018	Non-visible minority	7	93	565

Question 66j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	33	67	222
2020	Non-visible minority	33	67	516
2019	Visible minority	31	69	167
2019	Non-visible minority	31	69	484
2018	Visible minority	31	69	172
2018	Non-visible minority	30	70	565

Question 66k. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was advised against filing a complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	11	89	222
2020	Non-visible minority	10	90	516
2019	Visible minority	13	87	167
2019	Non-visible minority	8	92	484
2018	Visible minority	11	89	172
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	565

Question 66l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	51	49	222
2020	Non-visible minority	50	50	516
2019	Visible minority	42	58	167
2019	Non-visible minority	50	50	484
2018	Visible minority	41	59	172
2018	Non-visible minority	47	53	565

Question 66m. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? Someone threatened me.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	3	97	167
2019	Non-visible minority	2	98	484
2018	Visible minority	4	96	172
2018	Non-visible minority	3	97	565

Question 66n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	69	31	222
2020	Non-visible minority	66	34	516
2019	Visible minority	65	35	167
2019	Non-visible minority	66	34	484
2018	Visible minority	63	37	172
2018	Non-visible minority	70	30	565

Question 66o. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? I intend to file a grievance or a formal complaint but I have not done so yet.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	4	96	167
2019	Non-visible minority	4	96	484
2018	Visible minority	3	97	172
2018	Non-visible minority	6	94	565

Question 66p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the discrimination you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	9	91	222
2020	Non-visible minority	14	86	516
2019	Visible minority	9	91	167
2019	Non-visible minority	10	90	484
2018	Visible minority	15	85	172
2018	Non-visible minority	13	87	565

Question 67. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	17	16	21	8	11	23	5	45	26	1596
2020	Non-visible minority	15	19	23	7	8	23	5	47	20	6197
2019	Visible minority	15	17	24	6	12	21	5	43	24	1357
2019	Non-visible minority	15	17	25	7	10	22	6	43	23	5762
2018	Visible minority	13	17	28	7	11	20	4	40	23	1118
2018	Non-visible minority	11	18	30	8	10	19	4	38	24	4983
2017	Visible minority	13	15	23	6	12	23	7	40	26	1240
2017	Non-visible minority	11	18	26	6	8	24	6	42	21	5882
2014	Visible minority	11	15	23	8	10	27	6	39	26	1528
2014	Non-visible minority	12	17	26	5	7	27	6	43	18	7675

Question 68. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	24	25	20	8	10	10	2	56	21	1594
2020	Non-visible minority	25	29	21	8	7	9	1	59	17	6189
2019	Visible minority	25	25	23	7	10	9	1	56	18	1359
2019	Non-visible minority	24	28	22	7	9	9	1	58	18	5753
2018	Visible minority	18	28	25	7	11	10	1	52	20	1115
2018	Non-visible minority	18	28	26	9	10	8	1	50	21	4980
2017	Visible minority	20	25	22	8	11	12	3	52	22	1236
2017	Non-visible minority	19	28	24	7	8	12	2	54	18	5870
2014	Visible minority	17	24	22	9	10	17	2	50	23	1527
2014	Non-visible minority	19	27	23	7	7	15	2	56	16	7670

Of those who indicated that they were a victim of race-based discrimination:

Question 69. I am satisfied with how concerns or complaints about racism in the workplace are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	2	3	16	13	53	10	3	6	76	161
2020	Non-visible minority	4	11	15	24	36	11	0	16	67	68

Top of page

Stress and Well-Being

Question 70a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Risk of exposure to COVID-19
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	22	19	18	15	24	0	1	42	40	1600
2020	Non-visible minority	24	22	20	15	19	0	1	46	34	6205

Question 70b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	28	26	21	11	12	1	55	24	1595
2020	Non-visible minority	30	28	21	11	9	0	58	20	6194
2019	Visible minority	26	26	19	10	17	1	53	28	1365
2019	Non-visible minority	25	25	19	12	17	1	51	30	5770
2018	Visible minority	25	24	20	12	17	2	51	29	1123
2018	Non-visible minority	24	26	21	13	16	1	51	28	4982
2017	Visible minority	27	25	20	10	14	3	54	25	1235
2017	Non-visible minority	24	27	20	12	14	1	52	27	5862

Question 70c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	25	27	22	14	11	1	52	25	1596
2020	Non-visible minority	22	28	25	14	10	0	50	24	6206
2019	Visible minority	25	27	22	14	11	1	53	25	1360
2019	Non-visible minority	21	28	24	14	12	0	49	27	5768
2018	Visible minority	20	26	25	16	12	1	47	28	1118
2018	Non-visible minority	16	27	27	17	13	0	44	30	4981
2017	Visible minority	21	24	23	15	14	2	46	30	1237
2017	Non-visible minority	18	26	25	16	14	1	44	30	5872

Question 70d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	33	28	17	11	7	1	3	63	19	1585
2020	Non-visible minority	32	30	19	10	7	0	2	63	17	6193
2019	Visible minority	34	26	18	10	8	0	3	62	19	1348
2019	Non-visible minority	30	29	20	11	7	0	2	61	18	5734
2018	Visible minority	29	26	19	12	9	1	4	58	22	1107
2018	Non-visible minority	23	30	23	12	9	0	2	54	22	4936
2017	Visible minority	28	25	20	13	10	1	4	55	24	1233
2017	Non-visible minority	25	28	21	12	9	0	4	55	23	5855

Question 70e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	25	24	19	16	14	1	1	50	31	1593
2020	Non-visible minority	23	24	21	16	14	0	1	48	31	6179
2019	Visible minority	20	20	17	16	24	1	1	42	41	1357
2019	Non-visible minority	15	19	20	18	25	0	1	35	44	5753
2018	Visible minority	15	18	19	17	28	1	1	34	47	1115
2018	Non-visible minority	11	16	23	21	28	0	1	28	49	4975
2017	Visible minority	15	16	20	19	28	1	2	31	48	1233
2017	Non-visible minority	11	17	20	21	30	1	1	28	52	5866

Question 70f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	50	23	12	7	4	1	4	76	12	1590
2020	Non-visible minority	49	25	12	6	5	0	3	76	11	6178
2019	Visible minority	49	22	12	6	5	0	5	75	12	1354
2019	Non-visible minority	44	24	14	7	7	0	4	71	15	5749
2018	Visible minority	41	24	15	7	6	1	7	70	14	1116
2018	Non-visible minority	40	25	16	7	7	0	5	68	15	4969
2017	Visible minority	42	20	15	6	5	1	10	70	13	1238
2017	Non-visible minority	37	24	16	7	6	1	8	67	15	5859

Question 70g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	26	26	21	14	12	1	53	26	1592
2020	Non-visible minority	26	26	22	13	13	0	52	26	6196
2019	Visible minority	27	27	21	10	14	1	55	24	1361
2019	Non-visible minority	26	25	22	12	15	1	51	27	5761
2018	Visible minority	22	25	21	13	16	2	48	30	1117
2018	Non-visible minority	21	24	23	15	17	1	45	32	4968
2017	Visible minority	23	25	23	14	14	1	48	28	1225
2017	Non-visible minority	20	26	24	15	14	1	47	29	5848

Question 70h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Balancing work and caregiving responsibilities (e.g., children, elderly, family member(s)) during the COVID-19 pandemic
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	25	19	18	14	17	0	7	47	33	1591
2020	Non-visible minority	29	22	18	12	14	0	6	54	27	6188

Question 70i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	29	28	21	10	9	1	1	58	20	1582
2020	Non-visible minority	28	30	21	11	8	1	1	59	20	6174
2019	Visible minority	26	30	21	11	9	1	1	57	21	1356
2019	Non-visible minority	23	32	23	12	10	0	1	55	22	5751
2018	Visible minority	21	28	25	13	10	1	2	51	24	1124
2018	Non-visible minority	16	32	26	15	10	0	1	48	25	4973
2017	Visible minority	22	26	23	15	11	1	2	49	27	1229
2017	Non-visible minority	17	28	24	17	12	1	1	46	29	5845

Question 70j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	26	28	22	12	10	1	1	55	23	1583
2020	Non-visible minority	21	28	23	15	11	0	1	50	26	6183
2019	Visible minority	24	28	22	13	11	1	1	53	24	1361
2019	Non-visible minority	19	27	23	16	12	1	1	47	29	5748
2018	Visible minority	19	27	24	15	14	1	2	46	29	1125
2018	Non-visible minority	14	27	26	19	14	0	1	41	33	4971
2017	Visible minority	20	26	21	17	14	1	2	47	31	1227
2017	Non-visible minority	15	25	24	19	15	1	1	41	34	5846

Question 70k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	29	28	20	11	10	0	1	58	21	1585
2020	Non-visible minority	26	29	21	13	10	0	1	55	23	6179
2019	Visible minority	25	30	19	12	12	1	1	56	25	1353
2019	Non-visible minority	25	27	22	14	11	0	1	52	25	5748
2018	Visible minority	24	23	21	15	14	1	1	48	30	1123
2018	Non-visible minority	19	27	24	16	13	0	1	47	29	4968
2017	Visible minority	23	24	22	16	12	1	2	49	29	1227
2017	Non-visible minority	20	27	22	15	13	1	1	48	29	5855

Question 70l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	34	24	15	10	14	1	1	59	25	1583
2020	Non-visible minority	36	25	16	11	11	0	1	62	22	6177
2019	Visible minority	30	26	16	13	14	1	0	57	27	1359
2019	Non-visible minority	32	26	17	12	12	0	1	58	25	5732

Question 70m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Feeling disconnected from colleagues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	33	28	18	10	8	0	1	62	19	1588
2020	Non-visible minority	30	30	21	10	7	0	1	61	17	6179

Question 70n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	26	29	20	12	11	0	1	56	23	1586
2020	Non-visible minority	23	29	22	14	13	0	0	52	26	6181
2019	Visible minority	27	31	21	11	9	1	1	59	20	1349
2019	Non-visible minority	27	29	21	13	10	0	1	56	23	5730
2018	Visible minority	27	26	19	15	11	1	1	54	26	1126
2018	Non-visible minority	21	29	24	15	11	0	1	50	26	4942
2017	Visible minority	27	27	19	13	11	1	2	56	25	1225
2017	Non-visible minority	22	29	23	14	10	1	2	52	25	5842

Question 70o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	42	28	15	7	6	0	2	71	13	1589
2020	Non-visible minority	45	26	15	7	5	0	1	73	12	6148
2019	Visible minority	45	25	15	6	7	0	2	72	13	1353
2019	Non-visible minority	42	25	16	9	7	0	1	68	16	5721
2018	Visible minority	42	25	15	8	7	1	2	69	16	1119
2018	Non-visible minority	41	26	16	8	6	0	1	69	15	4944
2017	Visible minority	42	27	15	7	6	0	2	71	14	1236
2017	Non-visible minority	42	26	16	8	5	0	2	69	14	5878

Question 70p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Difficulty accessing my work tools or network (e.g., work email, work device, ergonomic equipment)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	35	29	19	8	7	0	1	65	15	1593
2020	Non-visible minority	33	33	19	8	5	0	1	67	14	6159

Question 70q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	58	18	10	3	4	1	7	82	8	1592
2020	Non-visible minority	65	16	7	3	4	0	4	85	7	6157
2019	Visible minority	59	15	8	3	6	2	6	81	10	1360
2019	Non-visible minority	63	14	7	4	5	1	6	83	9	5732
2018	Visible minority	51	19	10	6	6	1	6	75	13	1121
2018	Non-visible minority	58	18	10	5	6	1	4	79	11	4949

Question 70r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	59	16	8	6	7	2	3	78	14	1585
2020	Non-visible minority	69	12	6	4	5	1	2	84	9	6161
2019	Visible minority	55	17	9	6	8	1	3	75	15	1353
2019	Non-visible minority	61	16	9	5	7	1	2	79	12	5762
2018	Visible minority	49	17	11	7	9	2	4	71	17	1120
2018	Non-visible minority	55	18	11	6	8	1	2	75	14	4969
2017	Visible minority	51	19	8	8	9	1	3	74	17	1234
2017	Non-visible minority	59	17	9	6	5	1	2	79	11	5869

Question 70s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	59	21	10	4	3	0	2	82	8	1589
2020	Non-visible minority	59	24	9	4	3	0	2	84	6	6147
2019	Visible minority	49	27	12	5	5	1	2	78	9	1354
2019	Non-visible minority	48	30	13	5	4	0	1	78	9	5747
2018	Visible minority	45	28	15	5	5	0	1	74	11	1119
2018	Non-visible minority	43	33	14	6	4	0	0	76	10	4973
2017	Visible minority	46	27	12	7	5	1	2	75	12	1237
2017	Non-visible minority	45	32	13	6	3	0	1	78	9	5873

Question 70t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	56	17	9	7	8	1	2	75	16	1591
2020	Non-visible minority	57	18	9	7	7	0	1	77	14	6166
2019	Visible minority	50	20	12	6	8	1	2	73	15	1346
2019	Non-visible minority	50	21	12	7	8	0	1	72	15	5723
2018	Visible minority	43	22	15	8	10	1	2	66	18	1110
2018	Non-visible minority	40	24	15	10	9	0	1	65	19	4961
2017	Visible minority	45	22	12	8	9	1	2	69	18	1234
2017	Non-visible minority	46	24	12	9	7	0	1	71	17	5872

Question 70u. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	59	10	4	2	2	1	23	89	5	1594
2020	Non-visible minority	58	11	5	2	1	0	24	90	4	6176
2019	Visible minority	55	11	5	1	2	1	25	88	4	1342
2019	Non-visible minority	55	10	6	2	2	0	25	87	5	5705
2018	Visible minority	51	11	7	2	1	1	27	86	5	1105
2018	Non-visible minority	48	12	6	2	2	0	30	86	6	4932
2017	Visible minority	51	12	5	2	2	0	28	87	6	1230
2017	Non-visible minority	48	12	5	3	1	0	30	87	6	5871

Question 70v. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	59	20	9	3	3	0	4	84	6	1593
2020	Non-visible minority	61	21	9	4	2	0	2	84	6	6207
2019	Visible minority	58	19	10	3	3	1	6	83	6	1343
2019	Non-visible minority	59	22	9	4	3	0	4	84	6	5739
2018	Visible minority	54	21	12	4	2	1	7	80	7	1102
2018	Non-visible minority	53	25	11	4	2	0	4	82	7	4948
2017	Visible minority	53	21	10	4	2	1	8	82	7	1229
2017	Non-visible minority	55	23	10	4	2	1	6	83	7	5839

Question 70w. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	62	19	7	3	6	1	2	83	10	1594
2020	Non-visible minority	72	16	6	2	2	0	2	89	5	6201
2019	Visible minority	62	17	7	4	6	1	4	82	11	1356
2019	Non-visible minority	73	13	6	3	3	0	3	88	6	5760
2018	Visible minority	60	18	8	4	5	1	4	82	10	1115
2018	Non-visible minority	69	16	6	3	3	0	3	88	6	4967
2017	Visible minority	56	21	8	4	5	2	5	82	10	1237
2017	Non-visible minority	64	18	6	3	3	1	4	87	6	5874

Question 70x. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	46	29	15	5	4	0	2	76	9	1595
2020	Non-visible minority	44	31	16	5	3	0	1	76	8	6204
2019	Visible minority	50	29	12	4	3	0	3	82	6	1353
2019	Non-visible minority	52	27	13	4	2	0	2	80	7	5738
2018	Visible minority	47	27	15	4	3	1	4	77	7	1115
2018	Non-visible minority	46	30	15	5	3	0	2	77	8	4962
2017	Visible minority	46	29	13	5	3	0	4	78	8	1231
2017	Non-visible minority	47	30	13	4	2	0	2	80	7	5870

Question 71. To what extent is stress from the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacting your ability to carry out day-to-day work responsibilities?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	24	34	24	10	7	0	1	59	17	1596
2020	Non-visible minority	25	39	21	8	6	0	0	64	15	6199

Question 72. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Don't know (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	15	31	33	14	7	0	46	21	1596
2020	Non-visible minority	13	32	33	15	7	0	45	22	6199
2019	Visible minority	17	33	33	12	5	0	50	17	1361
2019	Non-visible minority	14	31	34	15	6	0	44	21	5772
2018	Visible minority	15	30	35	15	6	0	44	21	1124
2018	Non-visible minority	10	28	38	17	7	0	38	24	5009
2017	Visible minority	13	27	36	15	8	1	41	23	1240
2017	Non-visible minority	8	27	39	17	9	0	35	26	5881

Question 73. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	12	17	38	23	9	0	0	32	29	1584
2020	Non-visible minority	14	20	37	20	8	0	0	29	34	6168
2019	Visible minority	11	17	39	23	10	0	0	33	28	1352
2019	Non-visible minority	13	21	38	19	9	0	0	28	34	5733
2018	Visible minority	12	19	40	19	10	0	1	29	31	1107
2018	Non-visible minority	13	23	38	18	7	0	0	25	36	4945
2017	Visible minority	11	21	37	21	8	1	1	29	33	1237
2017	Non-visible minority	12	24	39	18	8	0	0	26	36	5867

Question 74. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	30	41	13	8	5	2	1	73	14	1594
2020	Non-visible minority	30	41	14	9	6	1	0	71	15	6205
2019	Visible minority	26	40	16	10	6	2	0	67	16	1361
2019	Non-visible minority	24	41	16	10	7	1	0	66	17	5749
2018	Visible minority	25	39	19	9	6	2	0	65	15	1118
2018	Non-visible minority	22	41	18	11	7	1	0	64	18	4988
2017	Visible minority	22	38	18	10	8	4	0	62	19	1241
2017	Non-visible minority	18	41	17	11	10	2	0	61	21	5871

Question 75. I believe senior managers in my department or agency take adequate steps to support the mental health of employees during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	26	31	17	11	11	3	0	59	23	1590
2020	Non-visible minority	25	31	15	14	13	2	0	57	28	6189

Question 76. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my mental health.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	31	26	14	12	14	2	1	59	26	1590
2020	Non-visible minority	31	27	11	14	16	1	0	59	30	6193

Question 77. My immediate supervisor supports my mental health and well-being.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	38	29	15	7	6	4	1	71	13	1589
2020	Non-visible minority	39	28	14	7	8	3	0	70	16	6175

Question 78. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	26	31	15	12	12	3	1	59	25	1597
2020	Non-visible minority	24	29	17	14	13	1	0	54	28	6201
2019	Visible minority	18	31	21	15	13	2	0	50	29	1363
2019	Non-visible minority	16	29	18	18	18	1	0	45	36	5771
2018	Visible minority	17	29	19	17	16	2	0	47	33	1123
2018	Non-visible minority	12	29	18	20	20	1	0	41	41	4987
2017	Visible minority	13	27	19	18	21	2	0	40	40	1240
2017	Non-visible minority	9	29	18	21	22	1	0	38	43	5871

Question 79a. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Clear and easy to understand.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	31	36	12	12	8	1	0	68	20	1596
2020	Non-visible minority	24	36	13	17	10	0	0	60	27	6211

Question 79b. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Provided in a timely manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	29	35	14	12	9	1	1	65	22	1591
2020	Non-visible minority	24	34	15	16	11	0	0	58	27	6179

Question 79c. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Relevant to the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	32	38	17	6	5	1	2	72	11	1579
2020	Non-visible minority	27	39	19	10	5	1	1	66	15	6172

Question 79d. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Consistent with the information provided to me by my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	37	36	14	6	5	1	1	75	10	1586
2020	Non-visible minority	33	35	17	8	6	1	1	70	14	6181

Question 79e. I feel that the information I receive from my department or agency related to the COVID-19 pandemic is... Available in both official languages.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	61	19	8	1	2	6	4	88	3	1592
2020	Non-visible minority	61	18	7	1	1	8	3	89	3	6193

Question 80. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, my department or agency has clearly communicated the mental health services and resources that are available to me.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	41	35	11	7	4	2	0	78	11	1590
2020	Non-visible minority	39	35	12	7	5	2	0	75	12	6174

Question 81. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns with my immediate supervisor about my physical health and safety.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	41	28	11	10	9	1	1	70	19	1593
2020	Non-visible minority	40	30	9	10	9	1	0	71	20	6173

Question 82. I am satisfied with the measures my department or agency is taking to protect my physical health and safety during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	39	29	11	9	10	1	1	69	20	1592
2020	Non-visible minority	39	28	11	10	12	1	0	67	22	6194

Question 84. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues. (for supervisors)
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	17	48	16	10	6	2	2	67	16	253
2020	Non-visible minority	20	49	14	12	4	1	0	70	16	1354
2019	Visible minority	24	44	12	14	5	0	2	69	19	180
2019	Non-visible minority	20	46	13	15	6	0	0	66	21	1152

Question 85. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you managed any employees who have been working remotely? (for supervisors)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	79	21	253
2020	Non-visible minority	82	18	1354

Question 86. My department or agency has provided me with adequate training and/or resources to manage a remote team during the COVID-19 pandemic. (for supervisors who manage employees who have been working remotely)
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	13	32	18	23	12	1	0	46	36	210
2020	Non-visible minority	17	35	17	22	10	0	0	51	32	1149

Top of page

Duty to Accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Please note that the questions about duty to accommodate do not apply to employees who asked for office equipment to work remotely, unless their requests pertain to specific accommodation measures that help to reduce barriers to work, as per the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Question 87. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, did you have workplace accommodation measures in place before the COVID-19 pandemic which are no longer being met?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	14	86	1592
2020	Non-visible minority	8	92	6179

Question 88. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested workplace accommodation measures in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	18	82	1588
2020	Non-visible minority	16	84	6189
2019	Visible minority	22	78	1364
2019	Non-visible minority	20	80	5771
2017	Visible minority	24	76	1239
2017	Non-visible minority	23	77	5873
2014	Visible minority	20	80	1527
2014	Non-visible minority	18	82	7657

Question 89. Were the requests for workplace accommodation measures related to a disability?
A disability means any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society.

A barrier means anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	41	59	287
2020	Non-visible minority	53	47	938

Question 90. Were any workplace accommodation measures implemented?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	75	25	288
2020	Non-visible minority	79	21	939
2019	Visible minority	73	27	291
2019	Non-visible minority	82	18	1106
2017	Visible minority	75	25	298
2017	Non-visible minority	76	24	1329
2014	Visible minority	74	26	300
2014	Non-visible minority	77	23	1383

Question 91. I am satisfied with the workplace accommodation measures that were implemented.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	41	38	5	8	5	1	1	81	14	218
2020	Non-visible minority	44	32	9	9	5	0	0	76	14	744
2019	Visible minority	44	29	8	10	8	1	1	73	18	212
2019	Non-visible minority	39	35	6	11	8	0	0	75	19	902
2017	Visible minority	45	36	5	7	6	1	0	81	14	223
2017	Non-visible minority	39	35	6	12	7	1	0	75	19	1015
2014	Visible minority	36	38	9	11	6	0	1	75	17	222
2014	Non-visible minority	41	34	6	10	8	0	0	75	18	1061

Question 92. I would feel comfortable requesting workplace accommodation measures from my immediate supervisor.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	37	28	12	10	6	3	3	69	18	1597
2020	Non-visible minority	38	31	11	10	6	2	2	72	17	6203

Top of page

Compensation

Question 93. In the last 12 months, has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	32	39	27	2	55	45	1600
2020	Non-visible minority	30	45	24	1	60	40	6217

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 94. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	51	49	489
2020	Non-visible minority	54	46	1855

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 95. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	9	19	17	21	30	1	2	29	53	488
2020	Non-visible minority	9	22	16	22	28	1	3	32	52	1856

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected:

Question 96. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	9	15	16	20	33	2	6	26	56	489
2020	Non-visible minority	7	19	15	20	30	1	8	28	56	1851

Question 97. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your organization or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Most positive or least negative answers (%)	Least positive or most negative answers (%)	Total responses
2020	Visible minority	39	18	12	7	8	4	12	68	18	1598
2020	Non-visible minority	43	18	13	8	6	2	10	69	16	6191
2019	Visible minority	43	17	12	7	10	2	9	67	19	1347
2019	Non-visible minority	46	15	12	8	11	1	7	66	20	5696
2018	Visible minority	47	14	11	7	10	3	9	69	19	1121
2018	Non-visible minority	48	14	11	8	10	1	8	68	19	4977

Report a problem on this page

Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2020 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Canada Border Services Agency by Question 120. Are you a member of a visible minority group?

Question 1. I have the tools, technology and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 2. The material and tools provided for my work, including software and other automated tools, are available in the official language of my choice.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreliable technology.

Question 19. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 20. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 21. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 22. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

Question 23. In my work unit, I would feel free to speak about racism in the workplace without fear of reprisal.

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 26. I feel that my immediate supervisor supports my career goals.

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 28. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, have you requested flexible work hours, either formally or informally?

Question 29. During the COVID-19 pandemic, my immediate supervisor supported the use of flexible work hours.

Question 30. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 31. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 32. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 33. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 34. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 35. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

Question 36. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 37. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 38. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 40. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 41. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 42. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 43a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 43b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 43c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 43d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 44. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 45. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas, abilities).

Question 46. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.

Question 47. My department or agency implements initiatives that promote anti-racism in the workplace.

Question 48. I would feel comfortable sharing concerns about issues related to racism in the workplace with a person of authority (e.g., immediate supervisor, senior manager, ombudsman, human resources advisor).

Question 49. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 50. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 51. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 52. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Question 53. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 54. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Question 55. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Question 56a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Co-workers

Question 56b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals with authority over me

Question 56c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals working for me

Question 56d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)

Question 56e. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals from other departments or agencies

Question 56f. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Members of the public (individuals or organizations)

Question 56g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Other

Question 57a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Aggressive behaviour

Question 57b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Excessive control

Question 57c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Being excluded or being ignored

Question 57d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Humiliation

Question 57e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Interference with work or withholding resources

Question 57f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Offensive remark

Question 57g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Personal attack