2019 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Statistics Canada by Question 110. Are you a member of a visible minority group?

The results of the 2019 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented according to the numerical order of questions, grouped by section theme as they appeared in the questionnaire. Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison, or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. Positive answers and Negative answers are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Survey Themes

My Job
My Work Unit
My Immediate Supervisor
Senior Management
My Organization (Department or Agency)
Mobility and Retention
Collective Agreements and Terms and Conditions of Employment
Harassment
Discrimination
Stress and Well-Being
Duty to Accommodate
Compensation

Top of Page

My Job

Question 1. I have the materials and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	49	39	3	7	2	88	9	894
2019	Non-visible minority	42	43	4	8	3	85	11	3022
2017	Visible minority	44	41	5	7	4	85	11	883
2017	Non-visible minority	35	46	4	10	4	81	14	3288
2014	Visible minority	42	44	5	7	2	86	9	740
2014	Non-visible minority	37	46	5	9	3	83	12	3136
2011	Visible minority	49	40	4	4	1	90	6	775
2011	Non-visible minority	47	41	4	7	2	88	8	3656
2008	Visible minority	51	39	3	5	1	90	7	733
2008	Non-visible minority	52	38	3	5	2	90	7	4066

Question 2. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	71	19	4	4	1	0	91	5	895
2019	Non-visible minority	58	23	7	8	3	0	82	11	3020
2017	Visible minority	70	21	3	4	2	0	91	6	883
2017	Non-visible minority	57	24	7	9	3	0	81	12	3288
2014	Visible minority	67	22	3	5	1	1	90	6	739
2014	Non-visible minority	53	26	8	10	3	0	79	13	3136
2011	Visible minority	69	18	5	5	2	1	89	7	774
2011	Non-visible minority	54	25	8	10	3	1	79	13	3652
2008	Visible minority	71	20	2	5	2	1	91	7	731
2008	Non-visible minority	58	22	7	9	4	0	80	13	4062

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	53	32	5	8	3	0	85	10	892
2019	Non-visible minority	47	36	6	8	3	0	83	11	3021
2017	Visible minority	42	36	8	9	5	0	78	14	884
2017	Non-visible minority	43	36	8	9	5	0	79	14	3288
2014	Visible minority	48	35	7	8	2	0	83	10	740
2014	Non-visible minority	46	36	7	7	4	0	82	11	3133
2011	Visible minority	42	40	8	6	3	1	83	9	776
2011	Non-visible minority	47	38	7	6	2	0	85	8	3637

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	31	39	13	11	5	0	71	16	896
2019	Non-visible minority	30	41	12	11	5	1	72	16	3012
2018	Visible minority	31	43	12	9	4	1	75	13	771
2018	Non-visible minority	29	46	10	11	3	1	75	15	2767
2017	Visible minority	31	40	13	9	6	0	72	16	884
2017	Non-visible minority	31	41	11	12	5	1	73	16	3288
2014	Visible minority	32	41	13	9	5	0	74	14	738
2014	Non-visible minority	30	42	13	11	4	1	73	15	3132
2011	Visible minority	31	42	12	8	5	2	75	13	774
2011	Non-visible minority	33	40	13	8	4	2	75	12	3652
2008	Visible minority	32	44	11	8	4	1	76	12	733
2008	Non-visible minority	31	40	14	9	4	1	73	13	4065

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	49	36	7	5	2	0	86	7	886
2019	Non-visible minority	56	32	6	4	1	0	89	5	3015
2017	Visible minority	48	36	9	5	2	0	84	7	882
2017	Non-visible minority	54	33	7	4	1	0	88	5	3282
2014	Visible minority	44	38	11	5	1	1	83	6	739
2014	Non-visible minority	49	37	8	4	1	1	87	5	3135

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	51	32	8	5	3	1	1	84	8	893
2019	Non-visible minority	53	30	7	6	3	0	1	84	9	3018
2018	Visible minority	49	32	10	5	3	0	1	82	7	772
2018	Non-visible minority	49	32	9	6	2	0	1	82	8	2766
2017	Visible minority	46	35	10	5	4	0	1	82	8	883
2017	Non-visible minority	49	31	8	7	3	0	1	82	10	3288
2014	Visible minority	44	33	13	5	3	1	2	79	8	740
2014	Non-visible minority	45	35	10	4	3	1	1	82	8	3132
2011	Visible minority	44	35	12	4	3	1	1	80	7	776
2011	Non-visible minority	48	34	8	5	3	0	1	84	8	3652

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	41	39	11	6	2	80	9	895
2019	Non-visible minority	35	42	12	7	4	78	10	3025
2018	Visible minority	37	45	12	4	2	82	6	772
2018	Non-visible minority	35	44	11	7	3	79	10	2755
2017	Visible minority	37	44	10	5	4	81	9	881
2017	Non-visible minority	35	46	10	6	3	81	9	3288
2014	Visible minority	33	45	12	5	4	79	9	741
2014	Non-visible minority	29	48	12	8	3	77	11	3138
2011	Visible minority	34	40	18	6	2	74	8	773
2011	Non-visible minority	35	44	11	6	3	79	10	3649
2008	Visible minority	34	42	12	8	4	76	12	727
2008	Non-visible minority	36	42	12	7	4	77	11	4045

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	33	40	13	8	5	1	0	74	13	893
2019	Non-visible minority	33	40	13	9	5	0	0	73	14	3026
2018	Visible minority	32	40	13	8	5	0	1	73	14	772
2018	Non-visible minority	31	38	15	10	5	0	0	70	15	2764
2017	Visible minority	31	37	15	10	7	0	0	68	17	882
2017	Non-visible minority	32	38	13	10	6	0	0	71	16	3286
2014	Visible minority	27	42	17	8	5	1	0	70	13	741
2014	Non-visible minority	28	40	16	11	5	0	0	68	16	3136
2011	Visible minority	25	43	15	9	5	1	1	70	15	776
2011	Non-visible minority	27	42	14	10	6	0	0	70	16	3651

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	39	41	10	6	2	81	9	893
2019	Non-visible minority	34	43	11	9	3	77	12	3017
2018	Visible minority	37	42	12	7	2	79	9	773
2018	Non-visible minority	33	44	12	8	3	77	11	2768
2017	Visible minority	37	45	10	5	3	81	9	882
2017	Non-visible minority	35	44	10	8	3	79	11	3284

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	49	39	7	3	2	0	88	5	893
2019	Non-visible minority	44	41	9	4	2	0	85	6	3017
2018	Visible minority	51	40	5	2	1	0	92	3	772
2018	Non-visible minority	46	41	7	4	1	0	88	5	2770
2017	Visible minority	49	40	7	2	2	0	89	5	881
2017	Non-visible minority	46	41	7	3	2	0	87	5	3282
2014	Visible minority	49	41	7	3	1	1	90	3	741
2014	Non-visible minority	42	43	9	3	1	0	86	5	3135
2011	Visible minority	48	41	7	2	1	0	90	4	775
2011	Non-visible minority	42	43	9	4	1	1	86	5	3655
2008	Visible minority	52	37	7	3	1	0	89	4	734
2008	Non-visible minority	45	40	8	4	2	1	86	6	4058

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	39	38	12	7	4	78	10	892
2019	Non-visible minority	36	38	13	8	5	74	13	3023
2018	Visible minority	39	38	13	6	4	77	10	770
2018	Non-visible minority	33	41	13	9	4	75	13	2768
2017	Visible minority	36	37	14	7	6	73	13	879
2017	Non-visible minority	34	41	12	9	5	75	14	3284

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	52	32	11	4	1	83	5	890
2019	Non-visible minority	46	38	11	4	2	84	5	3005
2018	Visible minority	50	37	8	2	2	88	4	766
2018	Non-visible minority	48	38	9	3	1	86	5	2759
2017	Visible minority	52	34	10	2	1	86	4	884
2017	Non-visible minority	50	38	8	3	1	88	4	3285
2014	Visible minority	58	32	9	1	1	90	2	739
2014	Non-visible minority	54	34	9	2	1	89	3	3135
2011	Visible minority	54	33	9	2	2	87	3	776
2011	Non-visible minority	56	34	7	2	1	90	3	3652

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	37	39	14	6	3	1	0	77	9	892
2019	Non-visible minority	35	39	12	9	4	0	0	75	13	3023
2018	Visible minority	37	40	13	6	3	0	0	77	10	766
2018	Non-visible minority	35	41	12	8	4	0	0	76	12	2762
2017	Visible minority	36	39	12	7	4	0	1	76	11	884
2017	Non-visible minority	36	41	10	8	4	0	0	78	12	3285
2014	Visible minority	28	46	14	7	4	1	1	75	11	741
2014	Non-visible minority	28	44	13	10	4	0	0	72	15	3136
2011	Visible minority	31	41	16	6	5	1	1	73	10	769
2011	Non-visible minority	32	43	12	8	4	0	0	76	12	3652

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	43	33	15	6	3	0	0	76	9	889
2019	Non-visible minority	43	35	12	6	4	0	0	79	9	3024
2018	Visible minority	40	37	13	7	3	0	0	77	9	765
2018	Non-visible minority	42	36	11	7	4	0	0	78	11	2758
2017	Visible minority	39	36	12	7	4	1	0	76	12	882
2017	Non-visible minority	43	37	11	6	4	0	0	80	9	3279
2014	Visible minority	36	41	13	7	3	0	1	77	9	738
2014	Non-visible minority	36	39	13	8	4	0	0	75	11	3138

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	36	41	14	5	3	1	1	78	8	889
2019	Non-visible minority	35	42	12	7	3	1	0	78	10	2981
2018	Visible minority	36	42	13	6	3	0	0	78	9	768
2018	Non-visible minority	35	40	13	8	4	0	0	75	11	2757
2017	Visible minority	39	39	12	6	4	0	0	78	10	883
2017	Non-visible minority	39	39	11	7	3	0	1	79	10	3279
2014	Visible minority	36	41	14	6	2	1	0	78	8	741
2014	Non-visible minority	34	41	14	7	3	1	0	75	10	3138
2011	Visible minority	39	40	12	4	2	1	1	81	7	774
2011	Non-visible minority	39	41	10	6	2	1	1	82	7	3643

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	46	36	12	4	2	82	6	895
2019	Non-visible minority	40	41	10	5	3	81	8	3026
2018	Visible minority	44	41	10	3	2	85	5	772
2018	Non-visible minority	38	43	10	6	2	82	8	2767
2017	Visible minority	43	39	10	5	3	82	8	882
2017	Non-visible minority	42	41	9	5	3	83	7	3283
2014	Visible minority	42	40	12	4	2	82	6	741
2014	Non-visible minority	36	44	12	6	2	80	8	3135
2011	Visible minority	39	43	12	4	1	83	5	775
2011	Non-visible minority	40	44	9	5	2	84	7	3660
2008	Visible minority	39	44	8	5	3	83	8	730
2008	Non-visible minority	42	42	9	5	2	84	8	4058

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	47	36	12	3	2	0	83	5	894
2019	Non-visible minority	47	30	13	6	4	0	77	10	3013
2018	Visible minority	48	34	12	4	2	1	82	6	774
2018	Non-visible minority	46	30	13	7	4	0	77	10	2765
2017	Visible minority	48	37	10	2	1	1	86	4	884
2017	Non-visible minority	45	34	11	6	3	1	79	9	3293
2014	Visible minority	48	37	11	3	1	0	85	4	741
2014	Non-visible minority	44	34	13	5	3	0	78	8	3138
2011	Visible minority	47	37	11	3	2	1	84	5	774
2011	Non-visible minority	38	37	15	6	4	0	75	10	3655
2008	Visible minority	43	38	13	4	1	0	82	5	733
2008	Non-visible minority	37	37	16	6	3	1	74	10	4062

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	8	18	36	23	12	1	2	36	26	891
2019	Non-visible minority	8	22	35	22	11	0	1	33	31	3025
2018	Visible minority	7	19	34	24	10	2	3	36	27	772
2018	Non-visible minority	7	20	36	24	10	1	1	35	29	2765
2017	Visible minority	5	15	34	24	11	2	8	39	23	873
2017	Non-visible minority	7	19	35	23	13	1	2	37	26	3277
2014	Visible minority	6	16	37	24	9	2	5	36	24	740
2014	Non-visible minority	6	22	38	22	10	1	2	33	29	3130
2011	Visible minority	8	18	33	20	12	2	7	35	29	772
2011	Non-visible minority	7	22	36	21	10	1	3	32	30	3652
2008	Visible minority	5	15	37	24	10	3	6	37	22	732
2008	Non-visible minority	6	20	36	25	11	1	3	37	26	4062

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	3	11	25	28	24	4	4	57	15	891
2019	Non-visible minority	6	14	26	30	22	2	1	54	20	3015
2018	Visible minority	3	9	24	31	23	6	5	59	14	764
2018	Non-visible minority	4	12	24	33	23	2	2	59	16	2753
2017	Visible minority	4	7	21	29	22	5	12	60	14	868
2017	Non-visible minority	4	10	25	31	24	3	4	58	15	3269
2014	Visible minority	4	8	26	28	17	7	9	54	15	740
2014	Non-visible minority	4	13	29	30	17	3	3	51	19	3118
2011	Visible minority	5	12	18	27	18	6	12	56	22	770
2011	Non-visible minority	6	14	26	29	19	3	4	51	21	3643
2008	Visible minority	4	7	17	32	23	6	10	66	14	731
2008	Non-visible minority	4	11	22	32	25	3	4	62	15	4051

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	8	19	28	21	14	5	4	39	30	888
2019	Non-visible minority	10	21	33	21	12	2	2	34	32	3023
2018	Visible minority	9	17	31	20	13	5	5	36	29	770
2018	Non-visible minority	10	22	33	20	11	2	2	33	33	2766
2017	Visible minority	7	14	28	22	12	5	11	42	25	868
2017	Non-visible minority	9	19	32	20	14	3	4	36	30	3274
2014	Visible minority	9	17	31	18	11	5	8	34	30	738
2014	Non-visible minority	12	24	31	18	10	2	4	29	38	3126
2011	Visible minority	10	15	26	21	13	5	10	40	30	770
2011	Non-visible minority	12	22	31	18	10	2	4	30	36	3646
2008	Visible minority	7	12	29	24	13	6	10	44	22	732
2008	Non-visible minority	8	18	32	23	13	3	4	38	28	4054

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	3	7	28	32	25	2	3	60	11	891
2019	Non-visible minority	5	12	32	30	19	1	1	50	17	3007
2018	Visible minority	3	8	29	32	23	2	4	58	11	767
2018	Non-visible minority	5	14	31	30	18	1	1	49	19	2757
2017	Visible minority	3	7	27	33	19	2	9	59	11	868
2017	Non-visible minority	4	12	32	29	19	1	2	50	16	3262
2014	Visible minority	3	7	28	34	20	3	6	59	10	736
2014	Non-visible minority	4	14	33	30	15	1	2	47	18	3122
2011	Visible minority	3	7	26	31	20	5	9	58	12	769
2011	Non-visible minority	5	13	34	30	16	1	3	47	18	3643
2008	Visible minority	3	7	26	32	22	2	8	60	11	733
2008	Non-visible minority	4	11	33	31	18	1	2	50	16	4060

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	9	15	25	23	23	2	3	49	25	891
2019	Non-visible minority	11	20	27	22	16	1	3	40	32	3021
2018	Visible minority	10	17	24	26	17	2	4	45	29	769
2018	Non-visible minority	11	22	27	21	15	2	3	38	34	2761
2017	Visible minority	8	16	29	21	15	3	9	41	26	872
2017	Non-visible minority	10	20	28	19	17	2	4	38	32	3271
2014	Visible minority	9	17	30	20	15	3	6	39	29	737
2014	Non-visible minority	13	24	30	17	11	2	3	29	39	3127
2011	Visible minority	8	14	26	23	16	3	10	45	26	773
2011	Non-visible minority	11	22	30	19	13	2	4	34	35	3641
2008	Visible minority	7	15	25	22	21	3	8	48	25	729
2008	Non-visible minority	10	21	28	21	15	1	3	38	33	4053

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	5	13	26	25	21	6	5	51	21	889
2019	Non-visible minority	6	15	28	26	20	2	2	48	22	3007
2018	Visible minority	5	11	26	29	18	6	5	52	18	767
2018	Non-visible minority	7	16	29	25	18	2	3	46	23	2748
2017	Visible minority	8	12	23	23	15	7	12	47	25	869
2017	Non-visible minority	7	15	29	24	18	3	5	46	23	3271
2014	Visible minority	5	11	25	25	17	7	9	50	20	740
2014	Non-visible minority	6	16	29	27	15	3	4	45	23	3125
2011	Visible minority	6	12	22	23	16	8	12	50	23	767
2011	Non-visible minority	7	17	29	23	14	3	6	41	26	3642
2008	Visible minority	6	14	25	21	14	7	12	44	25	731
2008	Non-visible minority	10	20	28	21	14	3	5	37	32	4056

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	6	17	28	22	18	5	3	44	25	887
2019	Non-visible minority	9	20	34	21	13	2	2	35	30	3017
2018	Visible minority	7	14	28	23	17	5	6	44	24	769
2018	Non-visible minority	9	20	36	20	11	3	2	32	30	2761
2017	Visible minority	6	12	29	22	13	6	11	42	23	873
2017	Non-visible minority	9	18	33	19	13	3	3	35	29	3277
2014	Visible minority	8	13	29	24	13	6	8	43	24	739
2014	Non-visible minority	9	21	34	19	10	3	3	31	32	3132

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... Unreliable technology.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	7	13	29	29	18	2	3	48	21	892
2019	Non-visible minority	8	17	34	25	13	0	1	39	26	3027

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My Work Unit

Question 19. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	69	20	5	3	1	1	90	4	892
2019	Non-visible minority	63	21	5	7	2	1	85	9	3016
2017	Visible minority	69	21	4	3	1	1	91	4	880
2017	Non-visible minority	63	22	5	6	3	1	86	9	3291
2014	Visible minority	74	16	4	3	1	1	91	5	740
2014	Non-visible minority	64	21	5	6	3	1	86	9	3138
2011	Visible minority	66	21	5	4	2	2	90	5	773
2011	Non-visible minority	60	22	6	8	2	1	83	10	3644
2008	Visible minority	68	18	5	3	3	2	89	6	727
2008	Non-visible minority	61	20	6	7	4	2	83	11	4060

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	37	29	13	5	3	6	7	76	9	891
2019	Non-visible minority	34	31	13	6	4	6	7	75	11	3024
2018	Visible minority	32	34	13	5	4	7	6	75	11	772
2018	Non-visible minority	28	34	15	6	4	7	6	71	12	2769
2017	Visible minority	35	28	13	6	5	6	8	73	13	882
2017	Non-visible minority	34	31	11	6	4	6	7	75	12	3288
2014	Visible minority	41	27	12	5	3	5	7	76	10	741
2014	Non-visible minority	36	32	12	6	4	5	5	75	11	3136

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	52	28	10	5	3	1	0	81	9	893
2019	Non-visible minority	54	29	7	6	3	1	0	84	9	3017
2018	Visible minority	50	31	7	6	4	1	1	82	11	769
2018	Non-visible minority	50	32	7	7	4	1	0	83	11	2764
2017	Visible minority	53	25	10	6	4	1	0	80	10	881
2017	Non-visible minority	52	30	6	6	4	1	0	84	10	3291
2014	Visible minority	56	27	7	4	4	2	0	84	8	741
2014	Non-visible minority	51	31	8	6	3	1	0	83	9	3139

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	60	29	6	4	2	0	89	5	893
2019	Non-visible minority	61	29	5	3	2	0	90	5	3024
2018	Visible minority	58	32	5	3	1	1	91	5	767
2018	Non-visible minority	58	31	5	4	2	0	89	6	2764
2017	Visible minority	54	34	6	4	2	0	88	6	881
2017	Non-visible minority	56	32	5	4	2	0	88	6	3287
2014	Visible minority	54	35	7	3	1	0	89	4	741
2014	Non-visible minority	53	35	6	4	1	0	88	6	3136

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	51	33	10	3	2	1	86	5	894
2019	Non-visible minority	51	34	9	3	2	1	86	5	3026
2018	Visible minority	48	36	10	4	2	1	85	5	771
2018	Non-visible minority	47	37	9	3	2	1	85	5	2767

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My Immediate Supervisor

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	48	28	12	3	2	1	5	82	6	896
2019	Non-visible minority	50	27	12	4	2	1	4	82	6	3020

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	53	29	10	4	3	1	1	83	7	893
2019	Non-visible minority	45	32	12	6	3	0	1	79	10	3025
2018	Visible minority	49	34	9	5	3	0	1	83	8	772
2018	Non-visible minority	44	35	11	6	3	1	1	79	10	2770
2017	Visible minority	50	33	8	5	3	1	0	83	8	883
2017	Non-visible minority	45	35	9	7	3	0	0	81	10	3286
2014	Visible minority	49	37	7	5	2	0	1	86	7	741
2014	Non-visible minority	43	37	10	6	3	0	0	81	9	3141
2011	Visible minority	43	35	10	5	4	1	1	80	10	774
2011	Non-visible minority	40	37	11	7	4	1	1	78	11	3651
2008	Visible minority	41	35	9	7	6	1	1	78	13	731
2008	Non-visible minority	35	36	13	9	6	0	1	72	15	4065

Question 26. I can count on my immediate supervisor to keep his or her promises.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	57	26	8	3	3	2	1	86	6	890
2019	Non-visible minority	57	25	9	4	2	2	1	84	7	3018
2018	Visible minority	54	28	8	3	3	2	1	85	6	773
2018	Non-visible minority	54	28	9	4	3	1	1	84	7	2770
2017	Visible minority	52	29	9	3	3	2	1	84	6	883
2017	Non-visible minority	55	28	8	4	3	2	1	85	7	3287
2014	Visible minority	54	28	8	4	1	3	1	86	5	741
2014	Non-visible minority	53	30	9	4	2	2	1	85	6	3140
2011	Visible minority	45	31	11	5	4	3	2	80	9	773
2011	Non-visible minority	50	30	9	5	3	2	1	82	8	3654
2008	Visible minority	46	29	9	5	6	4	2	79	11	731
2008	Non-visible minority	47	30	11	6	4	2	0	79	10	4067

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	56	28	8	4	2	1	1	85	6	894
2019	Non-visible minority	51	30	9	6	3	1	0	82	9	3018
2018	Visible minority	52	31	9	5	2	1	0	84	7	773
2018	Non-visible minority	50	31	8	6	3	1	0	82	9	2763
2017	Visible minority	52	31	9	3	4	1	0	84	7	884
2017	Non-visible minority	51	31	8	7	3	0	0	82	10	3286
2014	Visible minority	53	33	7	3	2	1	0	87	5	741
2014	Non-visible minority	47	35	8	6	3	1	0	83	9	3139
2011	Visible minority	45	35	8	6	4	1	1	82	10	776
2011	Non-visible minority	46	33	9	7	4	1	0	80	11	3645
2008	Visible minority	44	33	8	6	7	1	1	79	13	730
2008	Non-visible minority	43	33	10	8	5	1	0	77	13	4068

Question 28. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	80	15	3	1	1	0	95	2	891
2019	Non-visible minority	82	11	3	2	1	1	93	4	3009
2017	Visible minority	81	13	2	2	1	0	95	3	883
2017	Non-visible minority	81	12	3	2	1	0	94	3	3283
2014	Visible minority	81	15	1	1	1	1	97	1	740
2014	Non-visible minority	80	12	3	2	2	1	93	4	3139
2011	Visible minority	77	16	3	2	1	1	94	3	776
2011	Non-visible minority	79	13	3	3	1	1	93	4	3653
2008	Visible minority	85	10	1	1	2	1	95	4	728
2008	Non-visible minority	81	10	3	3	2	1	92	5	4060

Question 29. Subject to operational requirements, my immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work arrangements (e.g., flexible hours, compressed workweeks, telework).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	66	19	6	2	2	2	3	89	4	896
2019	Non-visible minority	69	19	4	2	2	1	2	91	4	3016
2017	Visible minority	60	24	4	3	1	3	4	90	5	877
2017	Non-visible minority	63	21	5	3	2	3	4	89	5	3285
2014	Visible minority	59	23	5	2	2	2	6	90	4	741
2014	Non-visible minority	60	22	5	3	2	3	4	89	5	3139
2011	Visible minority	50	29	7	4	3	2	5	85	7	775
2011	Non-visible minority	57	24	6	4	3	2	4	87	7	3651

Question 30. My immediate supervisor seems to care about me as a person.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	63	23	8	2	2	2	0	87	4	895
2019	Non-visible minority	67	20	8	2	2	1	0	88	4	3024
2018	Visible minority	57	27	10	3	3	1	0	84	5	773
2018	Non-visible minority	61	24	8	3	3	1	0	86	6	2764
2017	Visible minority	56	25	10	2	3	2	1	84	5	882
2017	Non-visible minority	62	23	8	3	2	1	0	86	6	3288

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	58	25	9	4	3	1	84	7	895
2019	Non-visible minority	58	26	8	5	3	0	84	8	3015
2018	Visible minority	54	28	10	4	3	1	83	8	773
2018	Non-visible minority	55	27	9	5	3	0	82	9	2768
2017	Visible minority	55	27	9	4	4	0	83	8	880
2017	Non-visible minority	58	27	7	5	3	0	84	8	3281
2014	Visible minority	56	30	7	4	3	1	87	7	739
2014	Non-visible minority	55	29	8	5	3	0	85	8	3140

Question 33. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues. (for supervisors)
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	16	39	16	11	4	4	8	64	17	221
2019	Non-visible minority	18	47	14	11	3	3	4	70	15	1177

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Senior Management

Question 34. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	40	29	13	5	2	11	1	77	8	892
2019	Non-visible minority	36	33	13	6	3	9	0	75	10	3010
2018	Visible minority	39	30	13	5	3	10	1	76	9	775
2018	Non-visible minority	35	34	13	6	3	9	0	76	10	2769
2017	Visible minority	40	30	12	5	4	8	1	77	10	883
2017	Non-visible minority	37	34	12	5	3	8	0	77	9	3286
2014	Visible minority	34	30	14	6	2	13	1	75	9	738
2014	Non-visible minority	32	37	13	5	2	10	0	77	8	3141
2011	Visible minority	27	31	16	6	3	15	2	70	11	772
2011	Non-visible minority	29	32	18	6	4	11	1	68	11	3641

Question 35. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	36	31	16	8	4	5	0	71	12	895
2019	Non-visible minority	30	37	15	9	6	3	0	69	15	3006
2018	Visible minority	36	32	15	8	4	4	1	71	12	772
2018	Non-visible minority	31	38	15	9	4	3	0	71	14	2754
2017	Visible minority	38	31	14	8	5	3	1	72	13	883
2017	Non-visible minority	34	36	14	9	4	3	0	72	13	3284
2014	Visible minority	31	35	15	9	4	6	1	71	13	740
2014	Non-visible minority	28	36	18	10	4	3	0	67	15	3138
2011	Visible minority	27	36	16	8	6	6	2	68	15	773
2011	Non-visible minority	25	36	19	11	6	4	0	63	17	3640
2008	Visible minority	32	33	15	8	5	6	2	70	13	729
2008	Non-visible minority	29	38	17	8	5	4	0	69	13	4068

Question 36. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	28	31	18	9	5	9	0	65	15	892
2019	Non-visible minority	21	34	20	12	6	7	0	58	20	3005
2018	Visible minority	28	29	18	9	5	10	1	64	15	770
2018	Non-visible minority	21	35	19	13	5	7	0	60	19	2763
2017	Visible minority	30	32	17	8	4	8	1	68	13	882
2017	Non-visible minority	23	36	17	12	5	7	0	64	18	3279
2014	Visible minority	25	31	17	8	4	14	1	66	14	738
2014	Non-visible minority	20	34	21	12	4	9	0	60	18	3137
2011	Visible minority	20	30	22	6	6	14	1	59	14	775
2011	Non-visible minority	16	37	19	13	6	10	0	58	21	3653
2008	Visible minority	20	34	17	8	4	15	1	64	15	729
2008	Non-visible minority	16	39	19	11	5	10	0	61	18	4059

Question 37. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	27	35	16	10	6	5	0	66	17	893
2019	Non-visible minority	20	36	17	16	9	3	0	57	25	3004
2018	Visible minority	26	34	18	10	6	6	1	64	17	773
2018	Non-visible minority	19	36	18	16	8	3	0	57	25	2769
2017	Visible minority	29	34	14	11	6	5	1	67	17	883
2017	Non-visible minority	23	37	15	14	7	4	0	62	22	3283
2014	Visible minority	26	34	18	10	5	7	1	65	16	737
2014	Non-visible minority	19	38	19	13	7	4	0	59	21	3138
2011	Visible minority	21	37	18	9	7	7	1	64	17	775
2011	Non-visible minority	17	39	17	17	7	4	0	58	24	3646
2008	Visible minority	26	37	15	12	4	5	0	66	18	730
2008	Non-visible minority	19	42	15	14	7	3	0	63	21	4066

Question 38. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	65	22	5	2	1	5	0	92	3	895
2019	Non-visible minority	59	24	9	2	1	5	0	88	3	3015

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My Organization (Department or Agency)

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	40	40	11	5	1	2	82	6	894
2019	Non-visible minority	33	45	12	6	2	1	79	9	3013
2018	Visible minority	35	43	12	6	1	3	80	8	771
2018	Non-visible minority	31	45	14	7	2	1	77	9	2764
2017	Visible minority	38	42	11	5	2	2	82	7	881
2017	Non-visible minority	34	44	12	6	2	1	80	8	3283
2014	Visible minority	36	42	14	4	1	2	81	5	741
2014	Non-visible minority	32	43	14	6	2	2	77	8	3139
2011	Visible minority	30	42	15	6	3	4	74	10	773
2011	Non-visible minority	29	42	16	7	3	3	73	11	3641

Question 40. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	26	35	18	13	4	5	0	64	17	893
2019	Non-visible minority	17	37	20	17	7	2	0	55	25	3010

Question 41. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	34	33	16	7	4	5	2	71	12	894
2019	Non-visible minority	30	38	14	9	4	3	2	72	13	3019
2018	Visible minority	29	41	12	8	3	4	3	76	11	770
2018	Non-visible minority	33	39	13	8	3	3	2	75	11	2761
2017	Visible minority	38	36	11	5	4	4	2	79	10	880
2017	Non-visible minority	37	37	11	7	3	3	1	78	10	3281
2014	Visible minority	34	40	11	5	3	5	2	80	9	741
2014	Non-visible minority	38	38	11	6	3	4	1	80	9	3141
2011	Visible minority	34	35	11	7	3	7	2	77	12	773
2011	Non-visible minority	40	36	10	7	3	4	1	80	9	3643
2008	Visible minority	31	37	13	7	5	6	2	73	13	731
2008	Non-visible minority	35	35	11	8	5	4	2	74	14	4070

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	40	35	16	4	2	2	1	77	6	890
2019	Non-visible minority	38	40	14	4	2	2	0	79	6	3019
2018	Visible minority	37	41	13	4	2	2	0	81	6	766
2018	Non-visible minority	38	40	13	4	2	2	0	80	6	2754

Question 43. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	24	24	18	9	8	13	4	58	20	893
2019	Non-visible minority	20	24	19	12	10	12	3	51	26	3022
2018	Visible minority	23	26	18	9	9	12	3	57	21	769
2018	Non-visible minority	19	25	19	12	10	11	3	52	26	2769
2017	Visible minority	19	23	18	12	9	14	5	53	25	881
2017	Non-visible minority	17	23	18	14	12	13	4	48	31	3284
2014	Visible minority	16	24	17	11	12	15	5	51	28	740
2014	Non-visible minority	14	22	19	15	12	14	3	44	32	3140
2011	Visible minority	15	23	18	10	12	16	6	48	28	774
2011	Non-visible minority	15	22	19	13	12	14	4	46	31	3642

Question 44. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	29	34	17	12	5	3	0	64	18	894
2019	Non-visible minority	26	36	18	11	6	2	0	64	18	3011
2018	Visible minority	28	36	15	10	7	2	1	66	18	769
2018	Non-visible minority	27	39	16	10	6	2	0	67	16	2767
2017	Visible minority	30	35	15	11	6	3	1	67	17	881
2017	Non-visible minority	31	39	12	10	5	3	0	72	16	3279
2014	Visible minority	30	35	15	10	5	4	1	68	16	740
2014	Non-visible minority	28	38	15	11	5	2	0	68	16	3140
2011	Visible minority	30	31	16	9	8	3	1	65	18	776
2011	Non-visible minority	32	37	14	8	6	2	1	71	15	3649
2008	Visible minority	32	37	14	8	7	2	1	70	15	731
2008	Non-visible minority	31	39	14	9	5	2	0	72	14	4061

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	25	31	16	12	11	3	2	59	25	897
2019	Non-visible minority	25	34	14	12	10	2	2	62	23	3020
2018	Visible minority	26	30	16	12	11	4	2	59	24	772
2018	Non-visible minority	26	34	13	13	10	2	2	63	23	2771
2017	Visible minority	26	29	15	12	13	3	1	57	27	878
2017	Non-visible minority	28	31	12	13	11	2	2	62	25	3284
2014	Visible minority	20	29	16	15	14	4	2	52	31	741
2014	Non-visible minority	21	30	14	17	14	2	3	53	32	3141
2011	Visible minority	20	26	16	15	17	5	2	48	34	775
2011	Non-visible minority	20	29	15	16	16	2	3	50	34	3647
2008	Visible minority	23	31	15	13	15	2	2	56	29	730
2008	Non-visible minority	22	33	13	16	14	1	2	57	30	4056

Question 46a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	55	25	9	4	1	1	5	85	5	896
2019	Non-visible minority	55	22	10	5	3	1	5	81	8	3022

Question 46b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	49	20	10	6	5	3	7	76	12	893
2019	Non-visible minority	59	12	9	4	4	1	12	82	9	3023

Question 46c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	43	26	16	7	3	1	3	72	11	890
2019	Non-visible minority	48	24	14	5	3	2	5	77	8	3016

Question 46d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to developmental programs
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	43	23	16	7	4	3	4	71	12	889
2019	Non-visible minority	50	20	13	5	3	4	5	77	9	3011

Question 46e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of opportunities in my region
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	51	17	10	5	5	5	6	76	12	891
2019	Non-visible minority	63	12	7	4	4	3	8	84	8	3015

Question 46f. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Level of education
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	69	12	7	2	1	4	5	88	4	893
2019	Non-visible minority	71	12	5	2	2	2	5	90	4	3017

Question 46g. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	64	13	6	2	3	7	4	87	6	889
2019	Non-visible minority	80	6	3	1	1	3	5	94	3	3015

Question 46h. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	71	9	2	1	1	3	13	95	2	890
2019	Non-visible minority	81	4	2	1	1	2	10	96	2	3010

Question 47. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	23	42	18	7	3	6	1	70	11	894
2019	Non-visible minority	25	44	16	8	3	3	0	73	11	3019
2018	Visible minority	28	35	22	7	3	4	1	66	10	771
2018	Non-visible minority	26	41	18	7	4	3	1	70	11	2769
2017	Visible minority	26	35	19	7	5	5	2	66	13	881
2017	Non-visible minority	27	40	16	7	4	5	1	71	12	3283

Question 48. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas).
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	42	39	11	4	2	2	0	83	6	890
2019	Non-visible minority	43	40	9	4	2	2	0	85	6	3003
2018	Visible minority	49	36	8	3	2	1	0	87	5	771
2018	Non-visible minority	49	37	8	2	1	2	0	88	4	2765
2017	Visible minority	46	37	10	4	2	1	0	84	6	880
2017	Non-visible minority	50	36	9	3	1	2	0	87	4	3282
2014	Visible minority	46	37	11	3	2	2	0	84	5	740
2014	Non-visible minority	49	36	9	3	1	2	0	87	4	3140
2011	Visible minority	37	40	11	4	4	4	1	80	8	774
2011	Non-visible minority	40	40	11	4	2	3	0	83	5	3651

Question 49. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.
A diverse workplace includes everyone, regardless of race, national or ethnic origin, colour, disability, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital or family status, religion, age, language, culture, background, interests, views or other dimensions.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	46	36	10	3	2	3	1	85	5	892
2019	Non-visible minority	50	35	8	2	1	4	1	89	3	3011
2018	Visible minority	46	35	10	4	2	2	0	83	6	771
2018	Non-visible minority	50	35	8	1	1	4	0	89	2	2763
2017	Visible minority	44	34	11	4	4	3	1	81	7	879
2017	Non-visible minority	49	34	9	2	1	4	0	87	3	3284
2014	Visible minority	47	36	9	4	2	3	0	85	5	740
2014	Non-visible minority	53	33	8	1	1	4	0	89	2	3138

Question 50. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	55	34	6	2	1	1	90	3	892
2019	Non-visible minority	56	32	7	3	2	0	89	5	3017
2018	Visible minority	56	33	8	2	1	0	89	3	769
2018	Non-visible minority	57	32	6	2	1	0	90	4	2760
2017	Visible minority	53	34	8	3	2	0	88	4	881
2017	Non-visible minority	56	33	7	2	2	0	89	4	3286
2014	Visible minority	53	35	8	2	1	1	89	3	741
2014	Non-visible minority	53	35	8	2	1	1	88	4	3137
2011	Visible minority	42	41	8	3	3	1	85	6	771
2011	Non-visible minority	46	37	10	4	2	0	84	6	3644
2008	Visible minority	44	37	11	5	2	1	82	7	731
2008	Non-visible minority	43	39	10	4	3	0	83	7	4065

Question 51. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	49	33	13	3	2	0	82	5	892
2019	Non-visible minority	47	33	11	5	3	1	81	8	3019
2018	Visible minority	52	31	12	3	2	0	83	5	769
2018	Non-visible minority	48	33	12	5	3	0	81	7	2760
2017	Visible minority	49	31	11	5	2	1	81	7	881
2017	Non-visible minority	48	33	11	5	3	0	81	8	3285
2014	Visible minority	45	34	14	5	2	1	79	6	741
2014	Non-visible minority	38	39	14	7	3	0	77	9	3142
2011	Visible minority	41	38	13	3	3	1	80	6	773
2011	Non-visible minority	42	35	14	6	3	1	77	9	3648

Question 52. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	45	35	13	4	2	1	81	6	890
2019	Non-visible minority	45	35	11	6	3	0	80	9	3006
2018	Visible minority	49	33	12	5	2	0	81	7	765
2018	Non-visible minority	46	35	10	5	2	0	82	8	2745
2017	Visible minority	46	34	11	5	2	0	81	8	883
2017	Non-visible minority	46	36	11	5	2	0	82	7	3284
2014	Visible minority	42	35	14	6	2	1	78	8	740
2014	Non-visible minority	37	39	14	6	2	0	77	9	3142
2011	Visible minority	37	41	11	6	4	1	79	10	768
2011	Non-visible minority	40	38	13	6	3	0	78	9	3645
2008	Visible minority	41	37	11	5	5	0	79	10	730
2008	Non-visible minority	43	39	10	6	3	0	82	8	4060

Question 53. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	40	27	15	9	6	3	0	69	15	894
2019	Non-visible minority	40	27	17	8	5	3	0	70	13	3023
2018	Visible minority	40	29	14	9	5	3	0	72	14	770
2018	Non-visible minority	42	26	15	9	5	3	1	70	14	2761
2017	Visible minority	40	25	16	8	6	4	1	67	15	881
2017	Non-visible minority	41	26	15	9	5	4	0	70	14	3283
2014	Visible minority	37	27	16	9	6	4	0	67	16	741
2014	Non-visible minority	35	28	18	10	5	4	0	66	16	3141
2011	Visible minority	37	26	16	8	7	6	0	67	16	774
2011	Non-visible minority	39	26	15	9	6	5	1	69	16	3646
2008	Visible minority	33	26	16	10	9	5	0	62	21	728
2008	Non-visible minority	38	27	15	9	6	4	1	69	15	4060

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Mobility and Retention

Question 54. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Not sure (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	27	37	36	895
2019	Non-visible minority	27	39	34	3022
2018	Visible minority	24	38	38	774
2018	Non-visible minority	26	44	30	2775
2017	Visible minority	22	39	38	882
2017	Non-visible minority	24	45	31	3289
2014	Visible minority	23	43	35	741
2014	Non-visible minority	24	43	33	3142
2011	Visible minority	24	41	35	774
2011	Non-visible minority	26	45	29	3655

Question 55. Please indicate your reason for leaving.
Survey year	Demographic	To retire (%)	To pursue another position within my department or agency (%)	To pursue a position in another department or agency (%)	To pursue a position outside the federal public service (%)	End of my term, casual or student employment (%)	Other (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	5	35	27	5	21	8	232
2019	Non-visible minority	16	38	24	5	13	4	804
2018	Visible minority	5	42	24	8	17	4	184
2018	Non-visible minority	14	42	23	4	11	5	706
2017	Visible minority	5	43	29	7	11	5	201
2017	Non-visible minority	15	47	21	3	7	7	808
2014	Visible minority	2	51	27	9	9999	11	165
2014	Non-visible minority	17	44	21	8	9999	10	735
2011	Visible minority	5	39	26	9	9999	21	176
2011	Non-visible minority	19	41	24	5	9999	12	919

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Collective Agreements and Terms and Conditions of Employment

Question 56. I am familiar with the provisions of my collective agreement or my terms and conditions of employment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	31	48	10	7	2	2	0	81	9	894
2019	Non-visible minority	35	46	9	6	2	1	2	83	8	3010

Question 57. My immediate supervisor respects the provisions of my collective agreement or my terms and conditions of employment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	55	29	8	1	1	6	1	89	2	895
2019	Non-visible minority	62	23	6	2	1	5	2	91	2	3017

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Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.
Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable act(s), comment(s) or display(s) that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	8	92	896
2019	Non-visible minority	7	93	3020
2018	Visible minority	9	91	773
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	2768

Question 59a. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	42	58	75
2019	Non-visible minority	43	57	213
2018	Visible minority	40	60	69
2018	Non-visible minority	47	53	241

Question 59b. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	57	43	75
2019	Non-visible minority	61	39	213
2018	Visible minority	60	40	69
2018	Non-visible minority	60	40	241

Question 59c. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	8	92	75
2019	Non-visible minority	8	92	213
2018	Visible minority	9	91	69
2018	Non-visible minority	7	93	241

Question 59d. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	0	100	75
2019	Non-visible minority	0	100	213

Question 59g. From whom did you experience harassment on the job? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	7	93	75
2019	Non-visible minority	4	96	213
2018	Visible minority	9	91	69
2018	Non-visible minority	5	95	241

Question 60a. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Aggressive behaviour
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	42	58	74
2019	Non-visible minority	36	64	212
2018	Visible minority	42	58	69
2018	Non-visible minority	37	63	241

Question 60b. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Excessive control
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	38	62	74
2019	Non-visible minority	44	56	212
2018	Visible minority	32	68	69
2018	Non-visible minority	32	68	241

Question 60c. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Being excluded or being ignored
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	41	59	74
2019	Non-visible minority	42	58	212
2018	Visible minority	41	59	69
2018	Non-visible minority	42	58	241

Question 60d. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Humiliation
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	37	63	74
2019	Non-visible minority	42	58	212
2018	Visible minority	41	59	69
2018	Non-visible minority	36	64	241

Question 60e. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Interference with work or withholding resources
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	31	69	74
2019	Non-visible minority	31	69	212
2018	Visible minority	35	65	69
2018	Non-visible minority	28	72	241

Question 60f. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Offensive remark
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	58	42	74
2019	Non-visible minority	55	45	212
2018	Visible minority	60	40	69
2018	Non-visible minority	51	49	241

Question 60g. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Personal attack
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	30	70	74
2019	Non-visible minority	29	71	212
2018	Visible minority	26	74	69
2018	Non-visible minority	31	69	241

Question 60j. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Threat
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	9	91	74
2019	Non-visible minority	14	86	212
2018	Visible minority	10	90	69
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	241

Question 60k. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Unfair treatment
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	44	56	74
2019	Non-visible minority	42	58	212
2018	Visible minority	45	55	69
2018	Non-visible minority	45	55	241

Question 60l. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Yelling or shouting
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	19	81	74
2019	Non-visible minority	19	81	212
2018	Visible minority	22	78	69
2018	Non-visible minority	14	86	241

Question 60m. Please indicate the nature of the harassment you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	15	85	74
2019	Non-visible minority	15	85	212
2018	Visible minority	8	92	69
2018	Non-visible minority	17	83	241

Question 61a. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	53	47	72
2019	Non-visible minority	60	40	211
2018	Visible minority	61	39	69
2018	Non-visible minority	54	46	240

Question 61b. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I discussed the matter with the person(s) from whom I experienced the harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	26	74	72
2019	Non-visible minority	30	70	211
2018	Visible minority	25	75	69
2018	Non-visible minority	30	70	240

Question 61c. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	13	87	72
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	211

Question 61d. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	15	85	72
2019	Non-visible minority	14	86	211
2018	Visible minority	14	86	69
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	240

Question 61e. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	15	85	72
2019	Non-visible minority	13	87	211

Question 61f. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I filed a grievance or formal complaint.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	9	91	72
2019	Non-visible minority	4	96	211
2018	Visible minority	10	90	69
2018	Non-visible minority	2	98	240

Question 61g. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I resolved the matter informally on my own.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	11	89	72
2019	Non-visible minority	13	87	211
2018	Visible minority	9	91	69
2018	Non-visible minority	13	87	240

Question 61h. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	10	90	72
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	211
2018	Visible minority	8	92	69
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	240

Question 61i. What action(s) did you take to address the harassment you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	33	67	72
2019	Non-visible minority	22	78	211
2018	Visible minority	24	76	69
2018	Non-visible minority	27	73	240

Question 62a. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The issue was resolved.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	13	87	65
2019	Non-visible minority	16	84	202
2018	Visible minority	11	89	62
2018	Non-visible minority	13	87	236

Question 62b. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not think the incident was serious enough.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	25	75	65
2019	Non-visible minority	23	77	202
2018	Visible minority	23	77	62
2018	Non-visible minority	22	78	236

Question 62c. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The behaviour stopped.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	11	89	65
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	202
2018	Visible minority	14	86	62
2018	Non-visible minority	10	90	236

Question 62e. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Management intervened.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	10	90	65
2019	Non-visible minority	15	85	202
2018	Visible minority	10	90	62
2018	Non-visible minority	10	90	236

Question 62f. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? The individual left or changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	12	88	65
2019	Non-visible minority	10	90	202
2018	Visible minority	10	90	62
2018	Non-visible minority	9	91	236

Question 62g. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I changed jobs.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	13	87	65
2019	Non-visible minority	14	86	202
2018	Visible minority	13	87	62
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	236

Question 62h. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not know what to do, where to go or whom to ask.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	9	91	65
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	202
2018	Visible minority	11	89	62
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	236

Question 62i. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was too distraught.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	8	92	65
2019	Non-visible minority	13	87	202
2018	Visible minority	11	89	62
2018	Non-visible minority	12	88	236

Question 62j. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I had concerns about the formal complaint process (e.g., confidentiality, how long it would take).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	23	77	65
2019	Non-visible minority	35	65	202
2018	Visible minority	18	82	62
2018	Non-visible minority	28	72	236

Question 62l. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I was afraid of reprisal (e.g., having limited career advancement, being labelled a troublemaker).
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	46	54	65
2019	Non-visible minority	50	50	202
2018	Visible minority	35	65	62
2018	Non-visible minority	47	53	236

Question 62n. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? I did not believe it would make a difference.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	35	65	65
2019	Non-visible minority	53	47	202
2018	Visible minority	52	48	62
2018	Non-visible minority	48	52	236

Question 62p. Why did you not file a grievance or formal complaint about the harassment you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	17	83	65
2019	Non-visible minority	9	91	202

Question 63. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you directly witnessed harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	9	91	895
2019	Non-visible minority	11	89	3014

Question 64. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	23	15	15	3	4	27	13	64	11	895
2019	Non-visible minority	20	17	15	5	4	30	10	61	15	3018
2018	Visible minority	22	18	15	3	3	30	9	65	10	771
2018	Non-visible minority	20	19	16	5	4	30	6	62	14	2758
2017	Visible minority	23	16	15	3	3	28	12	65	10	879
2017	Non-visible minority	21	19	15	4	4	30	7	64	12	3285
2014	Visible minority	18	17	14	3	3	32	14	64	10	738
2014	Non-visible minority	19	19	15	4	3	32	9	63	12	3143

Question 65. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	42	27	13	3	2	10	3	79	6	897
2019	Non-visible minority	41	33	12	4	2	8	1	81	7	3023
2018	Visible minority	38	33	13	3	2	10	1	80	5	773
2018	Non-visible minority	38	34	14	4	2	8	1	78	7	2760
2017	Visible minority	38	31	11	3	2	11	2	81	6	878
2017	Non-visible minority	38	34	12	3	2	9	1	81	6	3281
2014	Visible minority	35	32	13	2	1	13	3	80	4	739
2014	Non-visible minority	34	34	14	3	1	12	1	79	5	3140
2011	Visible minority	41	35	10	4	2	7	1	83	6	771
2011	Non-visible minority	45	36	9	3	1	5	0	86	5	3648

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Discrimination

Discrimination means treating someone differently or unfairly because of a personal characteristic or distinction,which, whether intentional or not, has an effect that imposes disadvantages not imposed on others or that withholds or limits access that is given to others. There are 13 prohibited grounds of discrimination under the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 66. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	7	93	896
2019	Non-visible minority	4	96	3011
2018	Visible minority	8	92	771
2018	Non-visible minority	4	96	2772

Question 67a. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Co-workers
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	39	61	59
2019	Non-visible minority	31	69	106
2018	Visible minority	37	63	64
2018	Non-visible minority	26	74	97

Question 67b. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	71	29	59
2019	Non-visible minority	80	20	106
2018	Visible minority	74	26	64
2018	Non-visible minority	79	21	97

Question 67d. From whom did you experience discrimination on the job? Individuals for whom I have a custodial responsibility (e.g., inmates, offenders, patients, detainees)
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	0	100	59
2019	Non-visible minority	0	100	106

Question 68a. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Race
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	51	49	59
2019	Non-visible minority	7	93	103

Question 68b. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. National or ethnic origin
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	45	55	59
2019	Non-visible minority	11	89	103
2018	Visible minority	35	65	64
2018	Non-visible minority	11	89	98

Question 68e. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Age
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	17	83	59
2019	Non-visible minority	34	66	103
2018	Visible minority	29	71	64
2018	Non-visible minority	33	67	98

Question 68f. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Sex
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	14	86	59
2019	Non-visible minority	25	75	103
2018	Visible minority	23	77	64
2018	Non-visible minority	19	81	98

Question 68l. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Disability
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	10	90	59
2019	Non-visible minority	22	78	103
2018	Visible minority	9	91	64
2018	Non-visible minority	27	73	98

Question 68m. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Pardoned conviction or suspended record
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	0	100	59
2019	Non-visible minority	0	100	103

Question 68n. Please indicate the type of discrimination you experienced. Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	19	81	59
2019	Non-visible minority	24	76	103
2018	Visible minority	11	89	64
2018	Non-visible minority	25	75	98

Question 69a. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I discussed the matter with my supervisor or a senior manager.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	17	83	59
2019	Non-visible minority	42	58	102
2018	Visible minority	27	73	64
2018	Non-visible minority	37	63	98

Question 69c. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I contacted a human resources advisor in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	8	92	59
2019	Non-visible minority	10	90	102

Question 69d. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I contacted my union representative.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	12	88	59
2019	Non-visible minority	18	82	102
2018	Visible minority	13	87	64
2018	Non-visible minority	13	87	98

Question 69e. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I used an informal conflict resolution process.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	12	88	59
2019	Non-visible minority	7	93	102

Question 69h. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? Other
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	8	92	59
2019	Non-visible minority	8	92	102

Question 69i. What action(s) did you take to address the discrimination you experienced? I took no action.
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	63	37	59
2019	Non-visible minority	44	56	102
2018	Visible minority	58	42	64
2018	Non-visible minority	34	66	98

Question 71. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you directly witnessed discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	7	93	897
2019	Non-visible minority	5	95	3013

Question 72. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	25	15	16	3	3	28	11	65	10	893
2019	Non-visible minority	22	16	15	2	2	34	9	66	8	3018
2018	Visible minority	23	19	15	2	3	32	8	68	8	769
2018	Non-visible minority	21	19	16	2	2	35	6	67	7	2764
2017	Visible minority	21	18	15	2	3	31	10	66	8	881
2017	Non-visible minority	22	17	14	2	2	36	7	69	6	3284
2014	Visible minority	20	18	14	2	2	32	11	66	8	739
2014	Non-visible minority	19	19	14	2	1	38	8	69	5	3139

Question 73. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	41	26	13	3	2	12	3	78	6	895
2019	Non-visible minority	43	31	12	2	1	10	1	83	4	3015
2018	Visible minority	37	30	14	2	3	13	1	78	6	772
2018	Non-visible minority	39	33	13	2	2	10	1	81	4	2767
2017	Visible minority	39	30	12	3	2	12	3	80	6	881
2017	Non-visible minority	41	32	11	2	1	12	1	84	4	3282
2014	Visible minority	35	29	13	3	1	15	3	79	5	739
2014	Non-visible minority	35	35	13	2	1	14	1	82	3	3139
2011	Visible minority	41	35	9	3	2	9	0	84	6	774
2011	Non-visible minority	47	35	9	2	1	6	0	88	3	3646

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Stress and Well-Being

Question 74a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	49	28	10	6	5	0	2	79	11	894
2019	Non-visible minority	47	30	13	5	4	0	1	78	9	3022
2018	Visible minority	46	27	14	5	5	1	2	75	10	770
2018	Non-visible minority	43	29	16	6	5	0	1	73	11	2761
2017	Visible minority	43	23	15	7	6	1	5	70	14	877
2017	Non-visible minority	39	28	17	8	7	0	2	68	15	3285

Question 74b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Heavy workload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	31	31	21	10	6	1	1	63	16	890
2019	Non-visible minority	23	30	25	12	9	0	1	54	21	3021
2018	Visible minority	24	29	24	14	7	1	1	54	21	768
2018	Non-visible minority	19	30	26	16	9	0	1	49	25	2763
2017	Visible minority	23	32	24	11	6	1	3	58	18	880
2017	Non-visible minority	21	30	26	13	9	0	1	52	22	3286

Question 74c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	41	29	16	8	3	1	2	72	11	888
2019	Non-visible minority	33	31	19	9	7	0	1	65	16	3014
2018	Visible minority	35	28	19	10	4	1	3	65	14	769
2018	Non-visible minority	26	32	22	12	6	1	1	60	18	2758
2017	Visible minority	33	30	18	10	4	1	5	66	15	875
2017	Non-visible minority	29	31	21	11	6	0	2	61	17	3275

Question 74d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	32	26	19	11	8	2	2	60	20	888
2019	Non-visible minority	27	27	21	13	9	1	1	55	23	3010
2018	Visible minority	30	24	19	15	7	2	3	57	23	768
2018	Non-visible minority	25	26	24	14	9	1	1	52	23	2750
2017	Visible minority	26	28	19	12	8	2	5	58	22	877
2017	Non-visible minority	26	26	23	14	8	1	2	53	23	3286

Question 74e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	58	20	10	3	3	1	7	84	6	885
2019	Non-visible minority	59	19	9	5	3	0	5	82	8	3014
2018	Visible minority	51	23	11	3	3	1	8	81	7	769
2018	Non-visible minority	53	21	11	5	3	0	6	80	9	2757
2017	Visible minority	46	22	11	4	2	1	14	80	7	877
2017	Non-visible minority	48	24	10	5	3	0	9	80	9	3279

Question 74f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	40	29	18	6	6	1	70	12	886
2019	Non-visible minority	36	30	19	9	5	1	67	14	3020
2018	Visible minority	37	25	21	8	7	1	63	16	772
2018	Non-visible minority	34	29	20	9	6	0	64	16	2763
2017	Visible minority	34	32	19	7	6	2	68	13	875
2017	Non-visible minority	33	32	20	10	5	1	65	15	3278

Question 74g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	38	32	18	6	3	1	2	72	10	887
2019	Non-visible minority	32	37	19	6	4	0	1	70	11	3013
2018	Visible minority	33	30	22	7	4	2	2	65	12	767
2018	Non-visible minority	30	37	21	7	4	0	1	68	11	2766
2017	Visible minority	30	32	21	7	5	1	4	66	12	879
2017	Non-visible minority	32	34	19	8	4	1	1	68	13	3273

Question 74h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	34	33	18	9	4	1	2	68	13	887
2019	Non-visible minority	26	33	22	11	7	0	1	60	18	3021
2018	Visible minority	31	32	21	9	5	1	2	64	14	769
2018	Non-visible minority	25	33	24	11	5	0	1	58	17	2759
2017	Visible minority	29	34	19	9	5	1	3	65	15	877
2017	Non-visible minority	27	35	21	11	5	0	1	63	16	3278

Question 74i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	35	33	17	8	5	1	1	70	13	885
2019	Non-visible minority	32	32	20	9	6	0	1	65	15	3019
2018	Visible minority	32	29	20	10	6	1	2	63	16	766
2018	Non-visible minority	30	34	21	10	5	0	1	64	15	2760
2017	Visible minority	32	31	17	11	6	1	3	65	17	877
2017	Non-visible minority	33	33	19	9	5	0	1	67	14	3276

Question 74j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of recognition
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	45	26	14	7	6	1	1	72	13	886
2019	Non-visible minority	49	27	12	6	5	0	1	77	11	3017

Question 74k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Information overload
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	40	30	19	7	3	1	1	71	10	885
2019	Non-visible minority	38	31	18	9	4	0	1	69	13	3019
2018	Visible minority	34	33	19	9	3	1	2	69	12	764
2018	Non-visible minority	31	34	20	9	4	0	1	67	13	2757
2017	Visible minority	34	31	18	8	4	1	4	68	12	877
2017	Non-visible minority	34	34	17	8	4	1	1	69	13	3266

Question 74l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Physical work environment
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	61	21	7	4	3	0	3	86	7	888
2019	Non-visible minority	59	22	10	4	3	0	2	83	7	3012
2018	Visible minority	54	21	12	5	4	1	4	78	9	763
2018	Non-visible minority	55	23	11	6	4	0	2	79	9	2755
2017	Visible minority	53	24	11	4	3	0	4	81	8	876
2017	Non-visible minority	56	23	11	5	3	0	2	80	8	3285

Question 74m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	71	13	3	2	1	1	9	94	3	885
2019	Non-visible minority	79	9	3	1	1	1	7	94	2	3020
2018	Visible minority	68	13	6	2	2	1	9	90	3	765
2018	Non-visible minority	76	11	5	1	1	1	5	93	2	2756

Question 74n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	69	13	5	3	4	2	4	87	7	890
2019	Non-visible minority	80	9	4	2	2	1	3	92	4	3018
2018	Visible minority	68	13	5	3	5	2	5	87	8	767
2018	Non-visible minority	79	9	4	1	2	1	3	92	4	2755
2017	Visible minority	65	15	5	3	5	2	5	86	9	878
2017	Non-visible minority	79	10	3	2	2	1	3	92	5	3279

Question 74o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	67	18	6	3	3	1	2	88	6	886
2019	Non-visible minority	63	24	8	3	2	0	1	88	4	3011
2018	Visible minority	63	18	9	4	2	1	3	84	7	769
2018	Non-visible minority	60	25	9	3	2	0	1	86	5	2766
2017	Visible minority	56	25	7	3	2	1	5	87	6	876
2017	Non-visible minority	62	23	8	3	1	0	2	87	5	3286

Question 74p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	66	14	8	4	5	1	3	83	9	883
2019	Non-visible minority	65	18	8	3	3	0	1	85	7	3012
2018	Visible minority	61	18	7	5	5	1	2	82	11	764
2018	Non-visible minority	61	20	10	4	3	0	1	82	8	2759
2017	Visible minority	56	19	9	4	6	1	5	80	10	880
2017	Non-visible minority	65	18	7	4	3	0	2	85	7	3284

Question 74q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	63	11	3	2	2	1	17	91	5	884
2019	Non-visible minority	60	13	6	2	1	0	18	89	4	3006
2018	Visible minority	59	13	5	3	1	0	19	89	5	760
2018	Non-visible minority	55	15	6	2	1	0	21	89	3	2752
2017	Visible minority	52	14	5	2	2	1	23	87	6	875
2017	Non-visible minority	57	15	5	2	1	0	20	90	4	3274

Question 74r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	72	12	4	2	1	1	8	93	2	885
2019	Non-visible minority	77	13	4	1	1	0	5	95	1	3015
2018	Visible minority	68	13	6	2	1	1	8	90	3	768
2018	Non-visible minority	72	15	5	1	1	0	6	93	1	2761
2017	Visible minority	64	14	4	2	1	1	14	92	3	872
2017	Non-visible minority	73	13	4	1	0	0	8	94	1	3268

Question 74s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of job security
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	66	16	6	3	5	1	4	85	8	888
2019	Non-visible minority	77	12	4	2	3	0	3	92	5	3021
2018	Visible minority	64	15	7	4	5	1	4	83	10	767
2018	Non-visible minority	77	11	6	2	2	0	2	90	4	2763
2017	Visible minority	56	20	7	3	6	1	7	83	10	880
2017	Non-visible minority	72	14	5	3	3	1	3	89	6	3282

Question 74t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Personal issues
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	57	23	10	4	2	1	3	83	6	887
2019	Non-visible minority	53	27	12	5	2	0	1	81	6	3014
2018	Visible minority	53	24	14	5	2	1	3	79	7	769
2018	Non-visible minority	48	30	14	4	2	0	1	79	6	2755
2017	Visible minority	49	27	12	5	2	0	5	80	7	878
2017	Non-visible minority	51	29	11	4	2	0	2	82	6	3281

Question 75. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...
Survey year	Demographic	Very low (%)	Low (%)	Moderate (%)	High (%)	Very High (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	24	36	29	7	3	1	60	10	891
2019	Non-visible minority	21	35	31	10	4	0	55	13	3020
2018	Visible minority	23	36	28	10	2	0	60	13	773
2018	Non-visible minority	18	34	32	12	3	0	53	15	2766
2017	Visible minority	16	34	35	9	3	2	51	13	882
2017	Non-visible minority	14	34	36	11	5	0	48	16	3289

Question 76. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year	Demographic	Always/Almost always (%)	Often (%)	Sometimes (%)	Rarely (%)	Never/Almost never (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	6	15	37	28	13	0	1	42	21	890
2019	Non-visible minority	8	17	36	27	13	0	0	40	24	3006
2018	Visible minority	7	14	34	32	12	0	0	44	21	766
2018	Non-visible minority	7	16	37	26	13	0	0	39	24	2750
2017	Visible minority	5	14	39	29	12	1	1	41	19	880
2017	Non-visible minority	6	17	37	26	14	0	0	39	23	3288

Question 77. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	38	39	12	4	2	5	81	6	895
2019	Non-visible minority	34	43	14	5	2	2	78	8	3008
2018	Visible minority	35	42	14	4	1	3	80	6	769
2018	Non-visible minority	33	44	13	5	2	3	79	7	2767
2017	Visible minority	26	43	14	6	3	6	74	10	882
2017	Non-visible minority	25	43	16	7	4	5	72	11	3287

Question 78. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.
A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	34	38	14	7	2	4	76	9	895
2019	Non-visible minority	30	40	15	8	4	2	71	13	3023
2018	Visible minority	37	37	16	6	2	3	76	8	769
2018	Non-visible minority	30	40	15	8	4	2	71	13	2771
2017	Visible minority	27	41	15	9	4	3	71	14	883
2017	Non-visible minority	25	43	16	9	5	2	69	14	3287

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Duty to Accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered). Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Question 79. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested measures to accommodate your needs in the workplace in the last two years?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	12	88	893
2019	Non-visible minority	12	88	3022
2017	Visible minority	16	84	882
2017	Non-visible minority	12	88	3281
2014	Visible minority	9	91	737
2014	Non-visible minority	10	90	3140

Question 80. Were any measures taken to accommodate your needs?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	82	18	110
2019	Non-visible minority	88	12	354
2017	Visible minority	77	23	139
2017	Non-visible minority	83	17	397
2014	Visible minority	80	20	70
2014	Non-visible minority	84	16	326

Question 81. I am satisfied with the measures that were taken to accommodate my needs.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	60	29	5	4	1	0	1	90	6	89
2019	Non-visible minority	46	33	6	10	5	0	0	79	15	310
2017	Visible minority	48	38	6	2	5	0	1	87	7	107
2017	Non-visible minority	51	35	3	6	4	0	0	86	10	328
2014	Visible minority	50	39	3	5	2	0	0	90	7	56
2014	Non-visible minority	56	31	4	6	2	1	0	87	9	275

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Compensation

Question 82. To what extent has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	52	29	7	3	3	3	2	55	45	892
2019	Non-visible minority	51	30	9	3	2	3	1	54	46	3011
2018	Visible minority	60	19	9	3	3	5	2	64	36	773
2018	Non-visible minority	57	24	10	4	2	3	1	59	41	2769
2017	Visible minority	50	19	11	4	4	8	3	56	44	882
2017	Non-visible minority	53	22	11	4	4	6	1	56	44	3293

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected from "a small extent" to "a very large extent":
Question 83. Have you experienced any new pay or other compensation issues over the last 12 months?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	37	63	381
2019	Non-visible minority	38	62	1333

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected from "a small extent" to "a very large extent":
Question 84. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year	Demographic	Yes (%)	No (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	78	22	376
2019	Non-visible minority	79	21	1318
2018	Visible minority	68	32	254
2018	Non-visible minority	71	29	1081

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected from "a small extent" to "a very large extent":
Question 85. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	26	32	16	8	7	2	9	65	17	376
2019	Non-visible minority	27	28	14	10	7	2	12	64	20	1319
2018	Visible minority	21	32	18	8	8	3	9	61	19	259
2018	Non-visible minority	24	29	15	13	8	1	9	60	24	1086
2017	Visible minority	18	28	16	14	10	3	10	53	29	345
2017	Non-visible minority	17	26	15	16	11	3	12	50	32	1354

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected from "a small extent" to "a very large extent":
Question 86. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year	Demographic	Strongly agree (%)	Somewhat agree (%)	Neither agree nor disagree (%)	Somewhat disagree (%)	Strongly disagree (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	18	27	17	9	10	3	15	55	24	375
2019	Non-visible minority	17	19	13	11	10	5	26	51	31	1316
2018	Visible minority	13	30	17	10	13	2	15	52	28	259
2018	Non-visible minority	12	17	15	14	13	3	26	40	38	1086
2017	Visible minority	11	15	18	13	19	7	18	34	42	345
2017	Non-visible minority	8	15	14	15	17	5	26	34	46	1352

Question 87. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your organization or the federal public service?
Survey year	Demographic	Not at all (%)	To a small extent (%)	To a moderate extent (%)	To a large extent (%)	To a very large extent (%)	Don't know (%)	Not applicable (%)	Positive answers (%)	Negative answers (%)	Total responses
2019	Visible minority	58	15	7	3	3	2	12	84	7	888
2019	Non-visible minority	54	17	10	6	5	1	7	77	11	3006
2018	Visible minority	61	12	7	3	3	3	10	85	7	770
2018	Non-visible minority	57	14	9	5	5	1	9	79	11	2763

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Date modified:: 2019-03-01

2019 Public Service Employee Survey Results for Statistics Canada by Question 110. Are you a member of a visible minority group?

Survey Themes

My Job

Question 1. I have the materials and equipment I need to do my job.

Question 2. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... Unreliable technology.

My Work Unit

Question 19. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.

My Immediate Supervisor

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.

Question 26. I can count on my immediate supervisor to keep his or her promises.

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.

Question 28. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.

Question 29. Subject to operational requirements, my immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work arrangements (e.g., flexible hours, compressed workweeks, telework).

Question 30. My immediate supervisor seems to care about me as a person.

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.

Question 33. I am equipped to support employees in my work unit who are experiencing mental health issues. (for supervisors)

Senior Management

Question 34. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.

Question 35. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.

Question 36. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.

Question 37. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.

Question 38. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.

My Organization (Department or Agency)

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.

Question 40. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.

Question 41. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.

Question 43. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.

Question 44. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Question 46a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations

Question 46b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language

Question 46c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities

Question 46d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to developmental programs

Question 46e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of opportunities in my region

Question 46f. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Level of education

Question 46g. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination

Question 46h. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues

Question 47. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.

Question 48. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas).

Question 49. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.

Question 50. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.

Question 51. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.

Question 52. I am satisfied with my department or agency.

Question 53. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.

Mobility and Retention

Question 54. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?

Question 55. Please indicate your reason for leaving.

Collective Agreements and Terms and Conditions of Employment

Question 56. I am familiar with the provisions of my collective agreement or my terms and conditions of employment.

Question 57. My immediate supervisor respects the provisions of my collective agreement or my terms and conditions of employment.

Harassment